2020-2021学年人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修4：Unit4 Sharing 单元测试卷 Word版含解析

2020-2021学年人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册Uni4单元过关演练
　　本套试卷总分120分。考试时间100分钟。
第一部分　阅读(共两节,
满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5
分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
More
than
one
million
single-use
straws
(吸管),
most
of
them
plastic,
are
used
in
the
United
States
each
day.
They
end
up
in
waterways,
harm
sea
animals,
and
break
down
into
microplastics.
Quantities
of
places
have
passed
plastic-straw
bans
as
a
way
to
start
handling
the
global
plastic
waste
problem.
Straw
materials:
advantages
and
disadvantages
1.Metal
Made
of
stainless
steel,
aluminum,
or
even
titanium,
metal
straws
have
become
popular.
They
draw
some
criticism
for
having
a
metallic
taste
and
conducting
heat
from
a
hot
drink,
but
they’re
strong
and
can
be
reused.
2.Paper
Paper
drinking
straws,
which
date
from
the
late
1800s,
often
absorb
liquid
over
time
and
can
leave
a
taste
or
fibres
in
drinks.
They’re
the
most
popular
throwaway
choice
in
places
with
plastic-straw
bans.
3.Glass
Though
glass
straws
may
be
more
breakable
and
thus
less
portable
than
reusable
straws
of
other
materials,
they
hold
up
well
to
washing
and
reuse.
Some
straws
are
made
to
look
artistic,
with
colours
and
blown-glass
designs.
4.Bamboo
This
natural
material
can
be
sustainably
produced
and
is
a
plant-based
replacement
of
plastic
straws.
Bamboo
straws
are
easily
disposed
of
and
turned
into
fertilizer.
They
are
reusable
but
can
be
hard
to
clean
completely
and
may
absorb
flavours.
(　　)1.What
is
the
major
problem
with
plastic
straws?
A.Function.
B.Flavour.
C.Weight.
D.Pollution.
(　　)2.Which
of
the
following
belong
to
single-use
straws?
A.Metal
straws.
B.Paper
straws.
C.Glass
straws.
D.Bamboo
straws.
(　　)3.What
is
the
advantage
of
the
bamboo
straw?
A.It
can
become
fertilizer.
B.It
is
easy
to
clean.
C.It
is
portable
and
bendable.
D.It
has
different
designs.
B
Zaki
was
small
for
his
twelve
years,
and
he
was
angry
being
treated
as
a
child.
Farid,
his
older
brother,
had
been
looked
upon
as
a
man
long
before
he
was
Zaki’s
age.
Every
day
Farid
and
the
other
young
Bahraini
men
went
out
in
their
wooden
boats
to
dive
for
oysters
(牡蛎).
Many
times
Zaki
begged
to
go
along,
but
Farid
always
refused
to
let
him
go
with
them.
So
every
day
Zaki
would
go
to
the
shallow
water
to
practise.
His
grandfather,
a
former
diver,
would
watch
him
and
advise
him.
All
morning,
Zaki
would
practise
diving
beneath
the
waves.
Every
afternoon,
again
and
again
he
would
go
underwater
and
hold
his
breath.
With
each
day’s
practice,
his
diving
improved
and
he
could
hold
his
breath
a
little
while
longer.
Soon
Zaki
felt
as
much
at
home
in
the
water
as
he
did
out
of
it.
Zaki
rose
early
one
day.
He
wanted
to
compete
with
his
brother.
They
dived
beneath
the
waves.
Zaki
opened
his
eyes
and
found
himself
looking
into
his
brother’s
face.
Farid
was
smiling
with
confidence.
Slowly,
the
smile
was
disappearing
from
Farid’s
face.
As
more
seconds
passed,
a
worried
look
appeared
on
Farid’s
face.
Farid
was
realizing
that
Zaki
could
possibly
beat
him.
Looking
into
Farid’s
eyes,
Zaki
suddenly
understood
what
losing
could
mean
to
his
brother.
Never
would
the
villagers
allow
him
to
live
it
down.
He
would
be
laughed
at
for
losing
to
a
little
child.
Almost
without
thinking,
Zaki
kicked
his
feet
and
rose
to
the
surface
of
the
water
a
second
before
Farid’s
head
appeared
beside
him.
The
men
around
them
cheered
and
patted
Farid
on
the
back.
Farid,
however,
put
his
arm
around
Zaki’s
shoulders.
“Today,”
Farid
announced,
“we
shall
have
a
new
diver
among
us.”
Then
quietly,
for
Zaki’s
ears
alone,
he
said,
“Thank
you,
my
brother.”
And
Zaki
knew
that
they
both
had
learned
that
it
takes
more
than
strength
to
make
a
man.
(　　)4.What
is
the
second
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.Zaki’s
grandfather
was
a
good
diver.
B.Zaki
liked
staying
at
home
every
day.
C.Zaki
practised
hard
in
the
water
daily.
D.Zaki’s
grandfather
encouraged
him
to
dive.
(　　)5.Which
of
the
following
best
describes
Zaki
according
to
Paragraph
3?
A.Considerate.
B.Ambitious.
C.Confident.
D.Adventurous.
(　　)6.What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
sentence
of
the
text?
A.Farid
beat
his
little
brother
easily.
B.Zaki
was
as
strong
as
his
brother.
C.Zaki
regretted
losing
the
competition.
D.Both
Farid
and
Zaki
had
grown
up.
(　　)7.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Farid’s
pride
B.Zaki’s
challenge
C.Brothers’
competition
D.Grandfather’s
advice
C
When
we
walked
into
the
cafe,
we
were
greeted
by
a
waitress
who
smiled,
held
out
a
menu,
and
pointed
to
a
table.
It’s
only
when
we
asked
for
a
table
for
six
that
we
realized
something
was
a
bit
different.
The
waitress
glanced
at
our
group
and
held
up
six
fingers.
That’s
because
all
the
staff
are
deaf.
Last
month,
the
HuffPost
visited
Smiles
Cafe
in
Granada.
The
business
only
employs
people
who
are
deaf,
from
the
waiters
to
the
cooks.
“My
goal
is
for
this
cafe
to
be
a
mirror
for
other
businesses
to
lose
their
fear
of
hiring
people
with
disabilities,”
the
founder
Antonio
Bunuel,
who
is
from
Spain,
told
HuffPost.
“It’s
also
for
the
people
who
work
here
to
lose
their
own
fear
of
getting
into
the
work
force,”
he
added,
“so
they
can
fly.”
In
the
city,
about
1
person
in
15
has
a
disability.
But
around
99
per
cent
of
people
with
a
disability
are
unemployed.
While
the
law
requires
companies
to
employ
two
people
with
disabilities
for
every
50
employees,
many
businesses
don’t.
“Smiles
Cafe
was
born
out
of
a
provocation.
99
per
cent
of
people
with
disabilities
here
are
jobless.
That
was
wrong!”
Bunuel
said.
“So
I
decided
to
open
a
cafe
where
all
of
the
employees
were
deaf
to
show
that
it
works.”?
At
the
cafe,
customers
order
by
pointing
to
items
on
the
menus,
which
have
special
symbols
to
indicate
substitutions.
For
instance,
if
you’re
ordering
fruit
parfait,
and
you
don’t
want
yogurt
on
it,
you
just
point
to
the
illustration
(图示)
of
the
parfait,
and
then
to
the
image
of
yogurt
with
a
big
red
“X”
over
it.
To
help
customers
communicate
with
staff
and
learn
while
they
eat,
the
walls
are
covered
with
letters,
words
and
phrases,
from
“Thank
you”
to
“Welcome”
with
illustrations
that
show
the
corresponding
translation.
The
cafe,
now
five
years
old,
is
a
project
of
the
non-profit
Centro
Social
Tio
Antonio.
“We’ve
opened
a
small
window,”
the
founder
said.
“If
it
serves
to
create
awareness,
then
that’s
a
start.”
(　　)8.Why
did
the
waitress
hold
up
her
fingers
when
the
author
ordered?
A.All
workers
were
deaf.
B.She
didn’t
want
to
say
anything.
C.She
was
suffering
a
throat
ache.
D.It
was
a
special
greeting.
(　　)9.What
did
the
founder
of
the
cafe
expect
his
employees
to
do?
A.Make
a
big
fortune.
B.Become
well
known
in
the
city.
C.Recover
from
their
illnesses.
D.Overcome
their
fears
for
work.
(　　)10.What
does
the
underlined
sentence
mean
about
Smiles
Cafe
in
Para.
3?
A.People
expected
to
keep
a
good
volunteering
tradition.
B.It
was
founded
to
take
a
challenge
of
employing
the
disabled.
C.Founders
reached
an
agreement
after
discussions.
D.The
disabled
were
worried
about
their
work
at
first.
(　　)11.What
is
helpful
to
the
customers
in
the
cafe?
A.The
deafness
of
the
employees.
B.Special
symbols
on
the
menu.
C.The
non-profit
model
of
the
cafe.
D.The
awareness
of
the
employer.
D
Step
into
Moving
to
Mars,
an
exhibition
of
Mars
mission
and
colony
design
at
London’s
Design
Museum,
and
immediately
you
have
good
reasons
not
to
move
there.
Frightening
glowing
wall-texts
announce
that
Mars
wasn’t
made
for
you;
that
there
is
no
life
and
precious
little
water;
that
dressed
in
a
spacesuit,
you
will
never
touch,
taste
or
smell
the
planet
you
now
call
“home”.
As
Lisa
Grossman
wrote
for
New
Scientist
a
couple
of
years
ago,
“What’s
different
about
Mars
is
that
there
is
nothing
to
do
there
except
trying
not
to
die.”
It
is
an
odd
beginning
for
such
a
celebratory
exhibition,
but
it
provides
a
valuable,
dark
background
against
which
the
rest
of
the
show
can
sparkle
(闪耀)—a
show
that
is,as
its
chief
manager
Justin
remarks,“not
about
Mars;
this
is
an
exhibition
about
people”.
Moving
along,
there
is
a
quick
yet
clear
flash
through
what
the
science-fiction
writer
Robinson
calls
“the
history
of
Mars
in
the
human
mind”.
A
Babylonian
clay
tablet
and
a
Greek
vase
speak
of
early
ideas
about
the
planet.
A
poster
for
the
original
Total
Recall
film
reminds
us
of
Mars’
psychological
threat.
The
main
part
of
the
show
is
our
current
plans
for
the
Red
Planet.
There
are
real
spacesuits
and
models
of
3-D-printed
Martian
settlements
and
suitable
clothing
and
furniture.
Mission
architectures
and
engineering
sketches
line
the
walls.
Real
hammers
meant
for
the
International
Space
Station
are
wall-mounted
beside
a
low-gravity
table
that
has
yet
to
leave,
and
may
indeed
never
leave,
Earth.
This,
of
course,
is
the
great
strength
of
approaching
science
through
design:
reality
and
assumptions
can
be
given
equal
visual
weight,
drawing
us
into
an
informed
conversation
about
what
it
is
that
we
actually
want
from
a
future
on
Mars.
(　　)12.What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.How
to
move
to
Mars.
B.How
to
survive
on
Mars.
C.What
preparations
we
made
for
Mars.
D.What
the
exhibition
of
Mars
truly
tells
us.
(　　)13.What
can
we
learn
from
Lisa
Grossman?
A.It’s
impossible
to
live
on
Mars.
B.It’s
no
good
settling
on
Mars.
C.You
have
nothing
to
do
living
on
Mars.
D.You
can
live
on
Mars
in
a
spacesuit.
(　　)14.What
does
the
exhibition
focus
on?
A.The
current
plans
for
Mars.
B.The
advantages
of
living
on
Mars.
C.The
early
ideas
about
Mars.
D.The
history
of
Mars
in
the
human
mind.
(　　)15.What
does
the
author
want
to
tell
us
in
the
last
paragraph?
A.An
experience.
B.An
opinion.
C.A
fantasy.
D.A
solution.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are
you
doing
it
right?
Writing
a
thank-you
note
I
have
always
been
a
big
advocate
of
thank-you
notes.
People
will
always
think
better
of
you
for
saying
thank
you
properly.
16.　　　　For
example,
we
can
all
send
a
WhatsApp
message.
However,
it
is
not
the
same
as
sitting
down,
putting
pen
to
paper,
getting
a
first-class
stamp
and
sending
it
off
in
the
post.
17.　　　　
A
thank-you
note
like
this
is
less
likely
to
get
lost
in
the
digital
noise.?
18.　　　　
You
are
supposed
to
send
your
thank-you
note
as
soon
as
possible
after
the
event
has
taken
place,
or
after
you
have
received
your
gift.
Christmas
is
the
only
occasion
where
you
have
a
week
or
so
to
respond.
Princess
Diana
supposedly
started
her
thank-you
letters
before
the
event.
19.　　　　?
Don’t
start
with
“thank
you”,
though:
it
is
dull
and
predictable.
20.　　　　
And
then
go
on
to
the
thank
you.
The
more
kindness
you
have
received,
the
longer
the
message
should
be.
Try
to
make
sure
the
stationery
(文具)
is
fairly
nice;
some
people
use
postcard-sized
cards,
so
their
notes
are
only
a
couple
of
lines
long.
If
you
are
using
paper,
go
for
A5
and
write
a
maximum
of
two
separate
pieces
of
paper.
Never
write
on
the
back.?
A.It
meant
she
never
forgot.
B.What
is
the
best
time
to
send
it?
C.Many
occasions
require
thank-you
notes.
D.At
modern
times,
we
may
have
many
choices.
E.In
fact,
that
will
mean
a
lot
more
to
a
person.
F.Being
thankful
for
the
kindness
of
others
is
natural.
G.Start
something
personal
about
the
experience
or
gift.
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing
up
in
Kenya
was
amazing
because
I
learned
so
much,
though
the
poverty
and
lack
of
resources
were
sometimes
frustrating.
I
knew
I
didn’t
have
much,
but
I
was
　21　.?
There
was
only
one
thing
I
wasn’t
happy
with:
　22　.
I
wanted
to
go
to
high
school
and
university.
I
had
the
drive,
the
will
and
the
grades,
but
I
didn’t
have
the
resources.
Even
　23　
things
like
food,
water
and
shelter
weren’t
readily
available.
Young
people
in
poverty
have
little
or
no
　24　
to
high
schools
and
universities.
Where
I
lived,
it
was
challenging
　25　
someone
helped.
When
I
left
primary
school,
I
was
in
the
same
situation
as
many
other
poor
disadvantaged
youths.
　26　,
during
that
year,
a
charitable
high
school
for
girls,
Starehe
Girls
Centre,
was
　27　
and
I
received
a
scholarship.
Today,
I
am
on
record
as
being
the
first
student
to
be
enrolled
in
this
school.?
In
2006,
my
school
　28　
The
Global
Give
Back
Circle,
a
not-for-profit
organization
for
　29　
disadvantaged
girls
to
complete
their
education
and
gain
social
skills.
After
graduating
from
high
school,
I
was
given
access
to
a
nine-month
IT
course.
　30　,
its
give-back
attitude
had
taught
us
to
not
only
care
about
ourselves
but
other
people.
With
this
in
mind,
10
of
us
created
a
website
called
“Hey
Sister,
Get
Clued-Up”.
Through
this
educational
website,
aimed
at
networking
10,000
African
　31　
worldwide,
all
sisters
commit
to
sending
information
to
their
villages.
This
can
be
to
　32　
financial
freedom,
advance
information
related
to
health
issues
and
provide
knowledge
about
social
networking
behaviour.?
“Hey
Sister,
Get
Clued-Up”
is
only
　33　
to
those
girls
who
can
access
the
Internet,
which
highlights
the
huge
challenge
in
　34　
the
divide
between
the
haves
and
have-nots.
But
our
plan
is
that
these
girls
will
　35　
what
they
learn
to
other
girls
through
the
“power
of
their
voice”.?
(　　)21.
A.energetic
B.happy
C.confident
D.hopeful
(　　)22.
A.status
B.college
C.entertainment
D.education
(　　)23.
A.cheap
B.basic
C.important
D.simple
(　　)24.
A.access
B.means
C.chance
D.dream
(　　)25.
A.so
B.when
C.as
D.unless
(　　)26.
A.Generally
B.Importantly
C.Luckily
D.Casually
(　　)27.
A.put
up
B.taken
up
C.made
up
D.set
up
(　　)28.
A.approved
B.took
C.joined
D.launched
(　　)29.
A.psychologically
B.physically
C.educationally
D.financially
(　　)30.
A.In
short
B.In
all
C.In
addition
D.In
brief
(　　)31.
A.students
B.girls
C.kids
D.teenagers
(　　)32.
A.promote
B.introduce
C.employ
D.present
(　　)33.
A.alternative
B.acceptable
C.appropriate
D.available
(　　)34.
A.narrowing
B.shortening
C.declining
D.changing
(　　)35.
A.encourage
B.spread
C.add
D.apply
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
Centre
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention
has
detailed
36.　　　　
(instruction)
on
how
hand-washing
should
go.?
Firstly,
wash
your
hands
with
clean
running
water,
turn
off
the
tap
to
save
water
and
apply
soap
37.　　　　
your
hands.
The
temperature
doesn’t
matter,
but
using
warm
water
is
usually
better
for
your
comfort.
Then,
rub
your
hands
together
38.　　　　　　
(make)
a
lather
(泡沫),
and
make
sure
to
lather
the
backs
of
your
hands,
between
your
fingers
and
under
your
fingernails.?
This
is
39.　　　　
many
people
fall
short:
you
should
be
washing
your
hands
for
at
least
20
seconds.
Evidence
40.　　　　
(suggest)
that
you
can
remove
more
germs
(病菌)
from
your
hands
for
this
amount
of
time
while
41.　　　　
(wash)
your
hands.?
Next,
wash
your
hands
well
under
clean
water,
and
dry
them
using
a
clean
towel
42.　　　　
a
hand
drier.?
If
you’ve
been
washing
your
hands
43.　　　　(different),
that’s
okay.
Anything
is
44.　　　　
(good)
than
nothing.
But
still,
doing
it
the
right
way
keeps
yourself
and
those
around
you
45.　　　　
(health).?
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,十一假期你和你的父母一起外出游玩,你想将你的旅游经历与你的美国笔友Jack分享,请根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括:
1.简述旅游经历;
2.你的感受和体会。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear
Jack,
How
is
everything
going?
I’d
like
to
share
my
travel
experience
with
you_
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I
was
in
a
rush
as
always,
but
this
time
it
was
for
an
important
date
I
just
couldn’t
be
late
for!
I
found
myself
at
a
checkout
counter
behind
an
elderly
woman
seemingly
in
no
hurry
as
she
paid
for
her
groceries.
A
PhD
student
without
a
lot
of
money,
I
had
hurried
into
the
store
to
pick
up
some
flowers.
I
was
in
a
huge
rush,
thinking
of
my
upcoming
evening.
I
did
not
want
to
be
late
for
this
date.
We
were
in
Boston,
a
place
not
always
known
for
small
conversation
between
strangers.
The
woman
stopped
unloading
her
basket
and
looked
up
at
me.
She
smiled.
It
was
a
nice
smile—warm
and
reassuring(安慰的)—and
I
returned
her
gift
by
smiling
back.
“Must
be
a
special
lady,
whoever
it
is
that
will
be
getting
those
beautiful
flowers,”
she
said.
“Yes,
she’s
special,”
I
said,
and
then
to
my
embarrassment,
the
words
kept
coming
out.
“It’s
only
our
second
date,
but
somehow
I
am
just
having
the
feeling
she’s
‘the
one’.”
Jokingly,
I
added,
“The
only
problem
is
that
I
can’t
figure
out
why
she’d
want
to
date
a
guy
like
me.”
“Well,
I
think
she’s
very
lucky
to
have
a
boyfriend
who
brings
her
such
lovely
flowers
and
who
is
obviously
in
love
with
her,”
the
woman
said.
“My
husband
used
to
bring
me
flowers
every
week—even
when
times
were
tough
and
we
didn’t
have
much
money.
Those
were
incredible
(难以置信的)
days;
he
was
very
romantic
and—of
course—I
miss
him
since
he
has
passed
away.”
Paragraph
1:
There
was
no
doubt
in
my
mind
as
I
walked
up
to
her_________________
________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
It
took
her
a
moment
to
realize
that
I
was
giving
her
the
flowers
I
had
just
purchased.______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文。塑料吸管进入海洋后会威胁到海洋动物的生存。许多地方已经对塑料吸管发布了禁令,作为开始处理全球塑料垃圾问题的一种方式。文章介绍了金属吸管、纸吸管、玻璃吸管、竹子吸管的优缺点。
1.D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“They
end
up
in
waterways,
harm
sea
animals,
and
break
down
into
microplastics.
Quantities
of
places
have
passed
plastic-straw
bans
as
a
way
to
start
handling
the
global
plastic
waste
problem.”可知,它们最终进入水道,危害海洋动物,并分解成塑料微粒。许多地方已经对塑料吸管发布了禁令,以此作为开始处理全球塑料垃圾问题的一种方式。因此塑料吸管的主要问题是它们会带来污染。故选D。
2.B　细节理解题。根据Paper部分中的“They’re
the
most
popular
throwaway
choice
in
places
with
plastic-straw
bans.”可知,在禁止使用塑料吸管的地方,它们是最受欢迎的一次性吸管,即纸吸管属于一次性吸管,题干中的single-use与文中的throwaway是同义表达。故选B。
3.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Bamboo
straws
are
easily
disposed
of
and
turned
into
fertilizer.”可知,竹吸管很容易被处理成为肥料。因此,竹制吸管的优势在于它们可以变成肥料。故选A。
B
【文章大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。Zaki在12岁的时候还被看作小孩,不能出海捕鱼,只能在浅水区训练,而他的哥哥在12岁的时候早已经被看作一个成人,这使他很沮丧。有一天,他决定与哥哥比赛潜水,当他发现哥哥快要坚持不住的时候,他突然意识到失败对哥哥意味着什么,于是在哥哥浮出水面前先浮出水面,成全了哥哥。他们俩都从中学到了很多。
4.C　段落大意题。文章第二段主要讲述Zaki每天在祖父的陪伴下去浅水区训练,早上在波浪下潜水,下午在水下练习憋气。经过长期的训练,他在水里就像出了水面一样自在。所以这段主要描述Zaki每天在水下的努力训练。故选C。
5.A　推理判断题。文章第三段描述的是Zaki与哥哥在水下潜水的比赛。当他发现哥哥无法坚持,想要浮出水面的时候,他自己先浮出水面,让哥哥赢得比赛,因为他突然意识到了这次失败可能意味着哥哥以后会受到嘲笑。由此可以看出Zaki是很贴心,很善解人意的。故选A。
6.D　推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“Then
quietly,
for
Zaki’s
ears
alone,
he
said,
‘Thank
you,
my
brother.’”可知,Farid知道弟弟有意让他赢得比赛,对弟弟很是感激,还宣布他们今天又有了一名潜水员。由最后一段中的“And
Zaki
knew
that
they
both
had
learned
that
it
takes
more
than
strength
to
make
a
man.”可知,Zaki知道他们两个人都从比赛中懂得了成为一个真正的男人需要的不仅仅是力量。所以两个人都从中懂得了很多,都获得了成长。故选D。
7.B　主旨大意题。本文开始描写的是Zaki
12岁了还被当作小孩,于是很失落,最后通过比赛,他不仅成为潜水员,还明白了一个道理——成为一个真正的男人需要的不仅仅是力量。Zaki面临的不仅是成为潜水员的挑战,更是为人设身处地考虑的挑战。所以是这个挑战让Zaki懂得了这个道理,也是这个挑战体现了文章的中心。故选B。
C
【文章大意】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了格拉纳达的一家名为Smiles
Cafe的咖啡店,这家咖啡店只雇用残疾人作为员工。
8.A　推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“The
waitress
glanced
at
our
group
and
held
up
six
fingers.
That’s
because
all
the
staff
are
deaf.”可知,服务员看到我们一行六人的时候,竖起了6个手指,这是因为所有的员工都是聋人。故选A。
9.D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“‘It’s
also
for
the
people
who
work
here
to
lose
their
own
fear
of
getting
into
the
work
force,’…”可知,咖啡店创始人的目的是让在这里工作的人不再害怕成为工作人员,克服对工作的恐惧。故选D。
10.B　句意理解题。根据前文“While
the
law
requires
companies
to
employ
two
people
with
disabilities
for
every
50
employees,
many
businesses
don’t.”可知,尽管法律要求这些公司每50人中要雇用2个残疾人,然而很多公司并没有这么做。结合下文“‘So
I
decided
to
open
a
cafe
where
all
of
the
employees
were
deaf
to
show
that
it
works.’”可知,因此创始人决定开一家只雇用残疾人的咖啡店。画线句起到承上启下的作用,连接上下文语境,B项“为了接受雇用残疾人的挑战而成立了这家咖啡店”符合题意。故选B。
11.B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“At
the
cafe,
customers
order
by
pointing
to
items
on
the
menus,
which
have
special
symbols
to
indicate
substitutions.”可知,在咖啡店,顾客们通过指菜单上的物品点单,在菜单上有特殊符号表示替代品,表明菜单上的特殊符号对于顾客点单很有帮助。故选B。
D
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了伦敦设计博物馆的火星任务和移民地设计展览“搬到火星”的基本情况。
12.D　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“Step
into
Moving
to
Mars,
an
exhibition
of
Mars
mission
and
colony
design
at
London’s
Design
Museum,
and
immediately
you
have
good
reasons
not
to
move
there.(当你走进伦敦设计博物馆的火星任务和殖民地设计展览‘搬到火星’时,你立即有充分的理由不搬到那里。)”以及文章内容可知,本文主要讲述了伦敦设计博物馆的火星任务和殖民地设计展览“搬到火星”的基本情况。故选D。
13.A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“As
Lisa
Grossman
wrote
for
New
Scientist
a
couple
of
years
ago,
‘What’s
different
about
Mars
is
that
there
is
nothing
to
do
there
except
trying
not
to
die.’(就像Lisa
Grossman几年前为《新科学家》写的那样,‘火星的不同之处在于,人类在火星上除了努力地活着之外,什么也做不了。’)”可知从Lisa
Grossman的话中我们能了解到在火星上生活是不可能的。故选A。
14.A　细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的
“The
main
part
of
the
show
is
our
current
plans
for
the
Red
Planet.(展览的主要部分是我们目前对‘红色星球’的计划。)”可知,展览的重点是关于火星目前的计划。故选A。
15.B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This,
of
course,
is
the
great
strength
of
approaching
science
through
design:
reality
and
assumptions
can
be
given
equal
visual
weight,
drawing
us
into
an
informed
conversation
about
what
it
is
that
we
actually
want
from
a
future
on
Mars.(当然,这是通过设计来接近科学的强大力量:现实和假设可以被给予同等的视觉权重,将我们带入一个关于我们真正想从火星的未来得到什么的知情对话中。)”可知,作者在最后一段想告诉我们一个观点。故选B。
第二节
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了感谢信的作用以及如何写好一封感谢信。
16.D　根据空前“I
have
always
been
a
big
advocate
of
thank-you
notes.
People
will
always
think
better
of
you
for
saying
thank
you
properly.(我一直是感谢信的大力提倡者。你若能合理地表达感谢,人们对你的印象就会更好些。)”和空后“For
example,
we
can
all
send
a
WhatsApp
message.(例如,我们都可以发送WhatsApp消息来表达感谢。)”可知,D项“在现代,我们可能有很多选择。”能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项后的句子是对选项中的choices进行具体的举例。故选D。
17.E　根据空前“However,
it
is
not
the
same
as
sitting
down,
putting
pen
to
paper,
getting
a
first-class
stamp
and
sending
it
off
in
the
post.(但这与坐下来用笔在纸上写下感谢,使用最好的邮票并邮寄出去是不同的。)”和空后“A
thank-you
note
like
this
is
less
likely
to
get
lost
in
the
digital
noise.(这样的感谢信不太可能会淹没在数字化信息的今天。)”可知,E项“实际上,这样做对一个人而言有着更多的意义。”能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的that指代的是前一句的内容。故选E。
18.B　根据空后“You
are
supposed
to
send
your
thank-you
note
as
soon
as
possible
after
the
event
has
taken
place,
or
after
you
have
received
your
gift.(你应该在事后或收到礼物后尽快发出感谢信。)”可知,B项“什么时候是邮寄感谢信的最佳时间?”能够与下文连接通顺。该选项中的it指的是下一句中的thank-you
note,空格后的句子是对该选项所做出的回答。故选B。
19.A　根据空前“Princess
Diana
supposedly
started
her
thank-you
letters
before
the
event.(据说,戴安娜王妃在感恩节前就致了感谢信。)”可知,A项“这意味着她一直没有忘记去向某些人表达感谢。”能够承接上文,该选项中的it指的是前一句话的内容。故选A。
20.G　根据空前“Don’t
start
with
‘thank
you’,though:
it
is
dull
and
predictable.(不过,不要以‘谢谢你’开头,这是无聊的且可预测的。)”和空后“And
then
go
on
to
the
thank
you.(然后再表达感谢。)”可知,G项“写一些有关这次经历或这份礼物的个人感受。”能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项用祈使句的形式表示“应该怎么开始写感谢信”,它的前后两句话都是祈使句的形式。故选G。
第二部分
第一节
【文章大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了生活在贫困地区的作者在一所非营利性的女子学校学习知识后,又致力于帮助更多的女孩子接受教育的故事。
21.B　根据下文“There
was
only
one
thing
I
wasn’t
happy
with…”可知,作者除了一件事情不高兴外,其余都很高兴。energetic精力充沛的;happy高兴的;confident自信的;hopeful有希望的。
22.D　根据下文“I
wanted
to
go
to
high
school
and
university.”可知,这里指教育方面。status地位;college大学;entertainment娱乐;education教育。
23.B　根据things
like
food,
water
and
shelter可知,这些是人活着的最基本的条件。cheap便宜;basic基本的;important重要的;simple简单的。
24.A　家庭贫困的年轻人很少有或没有机会进入高中和大学。have
access
to
sth有使用/利用……的机会/权利。access接近,使用;means方法;chance机会;dream梦想。
25.D　在作者住的地方,除非有人帮忙,否则上高中或大学都是富有挑战性的。unless引导条件状语从句,意为“除非”。
26.C　根据a
charitable
high
school
for
girls及“…I
received
a
scholarship.”可知,这些都是幸运的事情。generally通常;importantly重要地;luckily幸运地;casually随便地。
27.D　幸运的是,在那一年,一所为女生设立的慈善高中被建立了,作者也获得了奖学金。put
up举起;take
up从事;make
up编造;set
up建立。
28.C　根据a
not-for-profit
organization可知这是一个非营利组织,本句表达的是学校加入这个组织。approve认可;take拿;join加入;launch开始从事。
29.D　作者的学校加入了“全球回馈圈”,这是一个非营利组织,旨在帮助贫困女孩完成学业,获得社交技能。psychologically心理上地;physically身体上地;educationally教育上地;financially财政上地。
30.C　此外,它的回馈态度教会我们不仅要关心自己,还要关心他人。in
short总之;in
all总共;in
addition此外;in
brief简言之。
31.B　根据“With
this
in
mind,
10
of
us
created
a
website
called
‘Hey
Sister,
Get
Clued-Up’.”可知,这里指女孩。
32.A　根据advance
information
可知,这里指促进经济自由。promote促进;introduce介绍;employ雇用;present提出。
33.D　“Hey
Sister,
Get
Clued-Up”这个组织只对那些能上网的女孩开放,这显示了缩小贫富差距的巨大挑战。be
available
to
sb可被某人使用。alternative可供选择的;acceptable可接受的;appropriate合适的;available可获得的。
34.A　根据“…the
divide
between
the
haves
and
have-nots.”可知此处是指缩小贫富差距。narrow缩小;shorten缩短;decline下降;change改变。
35.B　根据through
the
“power
of
their
voice”可知,这里指向其他女孩传播知识。encourage鼓励;spread传播;add增加;apply申请。
第二节
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了疾病控制和预防中心发布的详细的洗手说明。正确的洗手方式能让你自己和周围的人保持健康。
36.instructions　考查名词复数。疾病控制与预防中心对应该怎样洗手有详细的指导。detailed为形容词,修饰名词,故应填名词instruction,且表示“用法说明”时应用复数形式。故填instructions。
37.to　考查介词。首先,用干净的自来水洗手,关掉水龙头以节约用水,然后把肥皂涂在手上。短语apply
sth
to…意为“将……涂在……”,故填to。
38.to
make　考查非谓语动词。然后,用双手搓出泡沫,确保手背、手指间和指甲下都有泡沫。分析句子结构可知本句中make作非谓语动词,表目的,需用不定式。故填to
make。
39.where　考查连词。这就是许多人的不足之处:你应该洗手至少20秒。本句为表语从句,从句中缺少地点状语。故填where。
40.suggests/has
suggested　考查动词时态。有证据表明,洗手时间达到至少20秒可以帮你清除更多的细菌。本句可理解为描述客观事实,故用一般现在时,主语为evidence,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填suggests;或理解为现在完成时,表示“已经表明”,主语为evidence,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填has
suggested。故填suggests/has
suggested。
41.washing　考查省略句。在while连接的状语从句中,常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。从句补充完整为while(you
are)washing
your
hands。故填washing。
42.or　考查连词。接下来,用干净的水好好洗手,然后用干净的毛巾或干手机擦干。此处表示选择关系“或者”应用or。故填or。
43.differently　考查词形转换。如果你用不同的方式洗手,也没关系。修饰动词wash应用副词形式,故填differently。
44.better　考查比较级。有总比没有好。根据下文than可知应用形容词比较级,better
than“好过”。故填better。
45.healthy　考查词形转换。但是,正确的方法可以让你和你周围的人保持健康。短语keep
healthy意为“保持健康”,故填healthy。
第三部分
第一节
One
possible
version:
Dear
Jack,?
How
is
everything
going?
I’d
like
to
share
my
travel
experience
with
you.
During
the
National
Day,
my
parents
and
I
visited
Qingdao,
which
is
a
beautiful
seaside
city.
On
the
morning
of
October
1st,
we
reached
Qingdao
by
plane.
We
went
to
the
beach
and
played
on
the
sands.
It
was
the
first
time
that
we
had
seen
the
sea.
In
the
afternoon,
to
enjoy
all
kinds
of
living
things
in
the
sea,
we
visited
Qingdao
Underwater
World.
The
next
day,
we
climbed
to
the
top
of
Mount
Lao,
where
we
got
a
good
view
of
the
whole
city
of
Qingdao.
Although
the
visit
was
short,
we
had
a
wonderful
time.?
Yours,
Li
Hua?
第二节
One
possible
version:
There
was
no
doubt
in
my
mind
as
I
walked
up
to
her.
I
was
sure
that
was
the
right
thing
to
do
though
both
money
and
time
were
tight
at
the
moment.
I
touched
her
on
the
shoulder
and
said.
“You
were
right,
you
know.
These
flowers
are
indeed
for
a
very
special
lady.”
I
handed
the
flowers
and
thanked
her
for
such
a
nice
conversation.
It
took
her
a
moment
to
realize
that
I
was
giving
her
the
flowers
I
had
just
purchased.
“May
you
have
a
wonderful
evening,”
I
said.
I
left
her
with
a
big
smile
and
my
heart
warmed
as
I
saw
her
smelling
the
beautiful
flowers.
I
remember
being
slightly
late
for
my
date
that
night
and
telling
my
girlfriend
the
above
story.
A
couple
of
years
later,
when
I
finally
worked
up
the
courage
to
ask
her
to
marry
me,
she
told
me
that
this
story
had
helped
to
seal
it
for
her
and
it
was
that
night
that
I
won
her
heart.