2021年高考英语专题练习——非谓语动词案例解析
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高考英语专题练习——非谓语动词
1.
Lily
doesn’t
feel
like
__________
（study）abroad.
Her
parents
are
old.
（单句语法填空）
【错因分析】易误填to
study。like
to
do
sth.
喜欢做某事，偶尔一次喜欢做某事；like
doing
sth.后跟动词不定式，经常性地喜欢做某事。看到like，容易误填to
study。此句表示莉莉不想要出国留学，feel
like
doing
sth.
想要做某事。
【试题解析】句意：＂莉蒂亚不想出国读书。（因为）她的父母年纪大了。＂feel
like
doing
sth.意为＂想要做某事＂，是固定搭配。
【参考答案】studying
动名词与不定式的不同
1)
动名词与不定式的区别
动名词
状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的
不定式
目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
2)
接不定式或动名词，意义相近，如：begin/start
to
do
=
begin/start
doing;
continue
to
do
=continue
doing。
3)
动名词与不定式语义不同的有11组：
stop
to
do
stop
doing
forget
to
do
forget
doing
remember
to
do
remember
doing
regret
to
do
regret
doing
cease
to
do
cease
doing
try
to
do
try
doing
go
on
to
do
go
on
doing
afraid
to
do
afraid
doing
interested
to
do
interested
doing
mean
to
do
mean
doing
begin
/
start
to
do
begin/
start
doing
常见考法
1.
不定式作状语；
2.
it作形式主语代替后面的不定式；
3.
不定式的否定形式；
4.
被动语态中的不定式；
5.
不定式省to情况；
6.
不定式作定语的情况。
误区提醒
1.
不定式的不同形式误用；
2.
被动语态中仍然省to；
3.
否定形式not位置弄错；
4.
主动语态中该省to不省；
5.
不定式作定语时丢内容。
动名词作宾语
a.
作动词的宾语，某些及物动词后面直接接宾语时只能加动名词，不能加不定式，如advise,
allow,
permit,
avoid,
consider,
enjoy,
finish,
imagine,
include,
keep,
mind,
miss,
delay,
practice,
resist,
suggest,
escape,
bear等。
?Mark
often
attempts
to
escape
being
fined
whenever
he
breaks
traffic
regulations.
每当违反交通规则时，Mark总是尝试着逃脱惩罚。
b.
作介词的宾语（单个介词或最后是介词的动词短语），如depend
on,
think
about,
set
about,
succeed
in,
worry
about,
burst
into,
be
used
to,
get
used
to,
devote…to…,
look
forward
to,
pay
attention
to,
get
down
to等。
?We
are
against
killing
small
animals.
我们反对屠杀小动物。
?Shall
we
have
a
rest
or
get
down
to
doing
our
work?
我们是休息一下还是继续工作？
c.
作短语动词的宾语give
up,
keep
on,
put
off,
insist
on等。
?He
is
often
persuaded
to
give
up
smoking.
他总是被劝戒烟。
d.
其他情况be
worth,
be
busy,
can’t
help,
can’t
stand等。
?The
music
is
well
worth
listening
to
more
than
once.
这音乐值得反复听。
?We
are
busy
preparing
for
the
coming
sports
meet.
我们忙着为即将到来的运动会做准备。
不定式作宾语
?I
want
to
speak
to
Tom.
我想跟Tom谈谈。
?Please
show
us
how
to
do
that.
请给我们演示一下怎么操作。
2.
One
morning,
I
was
waiting
at
the
bus
stop,
worried
about
__________（be）late
for
school.
（单句语法填空）
【错因分析】易误填been或be。worried
about...是过去分词短语作状语，
【试题解析】句意：一天早上，我正在等公交车，担心上学会迟到。介词about后面用名词或动名词作宾语，故填being。
【参考答案】being
3.
__________
（ignore）the
differences
between
the
two
research
findings
will
be
one
of
the
worst
mistakes
you
make.
（单句语法填空）
【错因分析】分析不清句子成分，易误填Ignore。
【试题解析】句意：忽视这两种研究结果的差异将是你所犯的最严重的错误之一。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词是will
be；＂one
of
the
worst
mistakes...＂是表语；you
make是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰mistakes。很显然，＂__________
the
differences
between
the
two
research
findings＂是主语部分，结合语境可知设空处用动名词作主语。
【参考答案】Ignoring
动名词作主语：
a.
直接位于句首作主语。
?Swimming
is
a
good
sport
in
summer.
夏天游泳是一项很不错的运动。
b.
it作形式主语，常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better,
wonderful,
enjoyable,
interesting,
foolish,
difficult,
useless,
senseless,
worthwhile等。
?It
is
no
use
telling
him
not
to
worry.
告诉他没必要担心。
注意：important,
essential,
necessary之后常用不定式。
c.
用于＂There
be＂结构中。
?There
is
no
saying
when
he’ll
come.
不知道他什么时候回来。
d.
用于布告形式的省略结构中。
?No
smoking
(=No
smoking
is
allowed
(here).（这里）禁止抽烟。
?No
parking.
禁止停车。
e.
动名词的复合结构作主语。
?Their
coming
to
help
was
a
great
encouragement
to
us.
他们的到来及提供的帮助对我们来说是极大地鼓励。
动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较
a.
动名词多用来表示泛指，不定式多用来表示特指。
?Smoking
is
not
good
for
health.
抽烟对健康有害。
?It
is
not
good
for
you
to
smoke
so
much.
抽这么多烟对你不好。
b.
在It
is
no
use...,
It
is
no
good...,
It
is
fun...,
It
is
a
waste
of
time...等句型中，常用动名词作真实主语。
?It
is
no
use
talking
about
that.
说那些没有用。
?It
is
no
good
quarreling
with
him.
跟他吵架没好处。
c.
在疑问句中，通常用动名词的复合结构，不用不定式的复合结构作主语。
?Does
your
saying
that
mean
anything
to
him?
你说那个对他意味着什么对吗？
d.
在＂There
be＂句型中，只能用动名词，而不能用不定式作主语。
?There
is
no
telling
what
will
happen.
没有被告知将要发生什么。
e.
句子中的主语和表语都是非谓语动词时，要遵循前后一致的原则，主语和表语在形式上要求统一：
?Seeing
is
believing.
/
To
see
is
to
believe.
眼见为实。
4.
No,
he
went
off
to
his
tennis
match
before
I
finished
__________
（make）them,
so
he
couldn’t
have
done
it.
【错因分析】易误填having
made。有的考生误以为是-ing形式的完成式作宾语，从而误填having
made。
【试题解析】finish后只能接名词、代词或-ing形式作宾语，故填making。
【参考答案】making。
常见后跟动名词的动词有：
acknowledge承认，自认
cease
停止
mention说到，讲到
admit
承认
tolerate忍受
dislike不喜欢，讨厌
advocate提倡，主张
complete完成
dread可怕
appreciate感激，欣赏
confess坦白
endure忍受
avoid避免
contemplate细想
enjoy享有，喜爱
bear忍受
defer拖延
envy嫉妒
can’t
help不禁
delay延迟
escape逃跑，逃避
can’t
stand受不了
deny否认
excuse借口
consider
考虑
detest嫌恶
fancy幻想，爱好
favor
造成，偏爱
mind介意
repent悔悟
figure描绘，计算
miss错过
resent怨恨
finish完成，结束不得
pardon原谅，饶恕
resist抵抗，阻止
forgive原谅
permit
允许
resume恢复
imagine设想
postpone延迟，延期
risk冒险
involve卷入，包含
practise实行，实践
suggest建议
hate讨厌
prevent阻止
save营救，储蓄
keep保持
quit放弃停止
stand坚持，忍受
loathe非常讨厌，厌恶
recall回想
5.
When
I
came
in,
my
naughty
son
pretended
__________（read）.
【错因分析】to
read。有的考生以为这里是不定式的一般式作宾语，从而误填to
read。
【试题解析】根据语境，这里的pretended后要接to
be
doing
作宾语，表示＂我＂进来时，儿子假装＂正在做什么＂。本句意为：我进来时，我那顽皮的儿子假装在看书。
【参考答案】to
be
reading
常见后跟动词不定式的动词有：
attempt企图
enable能够
neglect忽视
afford负担得起
demand要求
long渴望
arrange安排
destine注定
mean意欲，打算
begin开始
expect期望
omit忽略，漏
appear似乎，显得
determine决定
manage设法
cease停止
hate憎恨，厌恶
pretend假装
ask问
dread害怕
need需要
agree同意
desire愿望
love爱
swear宣誓
volunteer志愿
wish希望
bear承受
endeavor努力
offer提供
beg请求
fail不能
plan计划
bother扰乱；烦恼
forget忘记
prefer喜欢，宁愿
care关心，喜欢
happen碰巧
prepare准备
decide决定
learn学习
regret抱歉，遗憾
choose选择
hesitate犹豫
profess表明
claim要求
hope希望
promise承诺，允许
start开始
undertake承接
want想要
consent同意，赞同
intend想要
refuse拒绝
decide决定
learn学习
vow起
contrive设法，图谋
incline有……倾向
propose提议
seek找，寻觅
try试图
【归纳】
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
decide/determine,
learn,
want,
expect/hope/wish,
refuse,
manage,
care,
pretend,
offer,
promise,
choose,
plan,
agree,
ask/beg,
help
1.
The
chair
looks
rather
hard,
but
in
fact
it
is
very
comfortable
to
_______.
A.
sit
B.
sit
on
C.
be
seat
D.
be
sat
on
【解析】：如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于＂形容词+动词不定式＂结构的末尾。
【答案】B
2.
—I
usually
go
there
by
train.
—Why
not
_______
by
boat
for
a
change?
A.
to
try
going
B.
trying
to
go
C.
to
try
and
go
D.
try
going
【解析】：why
not后面接不带to的不定式，故选D。
【答案】D
3.
Paul
doesn’t
have
to
be
made
_______.
He
always
works
hard.
A.
learn
B.
to
learn
C.
learned
D.
learning
【解析】：make后接不带to的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to不可省略，故选B。
【答案】B
4.
She
pretended
_______
me
when
I
passed
by.
A.
not
to
see
B.
not
seeing
C.
to
not
see
D.
having
not
seen
【解析】：pretend后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend
not
to
do
sth.。
【答案】A
5.
The
patient
was
warned
_______
only
food
after
the
operation.
A.
to
eat
no
B.
eating
not
C.
not
to
eat
D.
not
eating
【解析】：warn一词要求后用不定式，否定形式为be
warned
not
to
do。
【答案】C
6.
Days
of
snowstorms
have
left
the
city
________
under
thick
layers
of
ice
and
some
50,000
homes
without
power.
A.
to
be
trapped
B.
trapped
C.
having
trapped
D.
being
trapped
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：连日的暴雪使这个城市陷入厚厚的冰雪中，大约5万个家庭停电。此处是＂leave＋宾语＋补语＂结构，the
city与trap之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语，故选B项。
【答案】B
7.
Experts
warn
that
medical
waste
from
hospitals,
if
________
properly,
may
contribute
to
spreading
diseases.
A.
not
handled
B.
not
being
handled
C.
not
to
be
handled
D.
not
having
been
handled
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：专家警告说，如果医院的医疗垃圾不能恰当处理，可能会导致疾病的蔓延。if条件句中省略的主语是medical
waste
from
hospitals，与handle之间是被动关系，故选A项。
【答案】A
8.
Faced
with
a
bill
for
$10,000,
________.
A.
Smith
has
taken
an
extra
job
B.
the
boss
has
given
Smith
an
extra
job
C.
an
extra
job
has
been
taken
D.
an
extra
job
has
been
given
to
Smith
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：面对1万美元的账单，史密斯又找了一份工作。前半句是过去分词作状语，只有主、从句主语一致的时候，才能用非谓语动词作状语，所以主句主语与be
faced
with的主语一致，故选A项。
【答案】A
1.
A
study
of
travelers
__________
（conduct）by
the
website
TripAdvisor
names
Yangshuo
as
one
of
the
top
10
destinations
in
the
world.
【错因分析】conducting。有的考生以为此处为-ing形式作后置定语而误填conducting。
【试题解析】根据句意和句子结构可知，study和conduct之间为被动关系（同时注意空格后的介词by），所以使用过去分词作后置定语。
【参考答案】conducted。
过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。
过去分词作定语
?Our
class
went
on
an
organized
trip
last
Monday.
上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
?Those
selected
as
committee
members
will
attend
the
meeting.
当选为委员的人将出席这次会。
注意
当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词作定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
动名词作定语和动词不定式作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：
?a
walking
stick
=a
stick
for
walking=a
stick
which
is
used
for
walking
?a
washing
machine=a
machine
for
washing=a
machine
which
is
used
for
washing
?a
reading
room=a
room
for
reading=a
room
which
is
used
for
reading
不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。
?I
have
a
lot
of
work
to
do.
我有很多工作要做。
2.
What
makes
the
adobe
dwellings
admirable
is
their
ability
to
＂air
condition＂
a
house
without
________（use）electric
equipment.
【错因分析】used。有的考生认为此处为过去分词作定语而误填used。
【试题解析】由空格前的介词without可知，空格处应该使用动名词形式。
【参考答案】using
动名词和现在分词的同与不同
相同之处：它们都是由动词变化而成的，它们都保留了动词的某些特征，它们都能带自己的宾语、状语，而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。
?Speaking
in
the
public,
he
will
surely
be
very
cheerful.
能做演讲，他肯定很开心。（现在分词短语，作状语）
?She
hates
speaking
in
the
public.
她讨厌做演讲。（动名词短语，作宾语）
区别：
1）动名词和现在分词都可以用于系动词之后作表语，区别方法是：
a.
作表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事，此时系动词相当于＂是＂，通常把主语和表语的位置互换，语法和意思不变。
?My
hobby
is
swimming.可改为：Swimming
is
my
hobby.
我的爱好是游泳。
b.
现在分词作表语主要用以说明主语的性质,不能与主语互换位置，例如：
?The
story
is
interesting.
不可改为：Interesting
is
the
story.
这个故事很有趣。
2）动名词和现在分词都可以用作定语来修饰名词，区别在于：动名词修饰名词时主要表示该名词的用途，而现在分词修饰名词时表性质、状态或动作等。比较：
a
swimming
boy
一个正在游泳的男孩，即a
boy
who
is
swimming，现在分词swimming表示被修饰名词boy的动作。
a
swimming
suit
游泳衣，即a
suit
for
swimming，动名词swimming表示suit
的用途。
常见考法
1.
动名词做主语时，谓语动词的数；
2.
在动名词和不定式中，作为介词的宾语是动名词；
3.
动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词，通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语；
4.
有些词后只能接动名词；
5.
另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法。
误区提醒
1.
动名词(短语)作主语，谓语数用错；
2.
to作不定式符号和介词分不清；
3.
否定形式not位置不对；
4.
动名词和现在分词的用法弄混；
5.
只接动名词的动词和短语、句型识记不完整。
1.（2019﹒天津卷﹒单项填空）____________
to
think
critically
is
an
important
skill
today's
children
will
need
for
the
future.
A.
Learn
B.
Learned
C.
Learning
D.
Having
learned
【答案】C
【解析】：考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语。此处用动名词作主语，故选C。
2.
(2018·北京卷·单项填空)
Ordinary
soap,
_________
correctly,
can
deal
with
bacteria
effectively.
A.
used
B.
to
use
C.
using
D.
use
【答案】A
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary
soap
can
deal
with
bacterial
effectively是主句，_________
correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary
soap，ordinary
soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。
3.
I
would
appreciate
__________
back
this
afternoon.
A.
you
to
call
B.
you
call
C.
your
calling
D.
you’re
calling
【解析】：appreciate后可直接加动名词作宾语，也可加动名词的复合结构。故选C。
【答案】C
4.
What
worried
the
child
most
was
__________
to
visit
his
mother
in
the
hospital.
A.
his
not
allowing
B.
his
not
being
allowed
C.
his
being
not
allowed
D.
having
not
been
allowed
【解析】：错选C或D。本题为动名词复合结构作表语。Doing的否定形式not要加在前面，这点一定要注意。此外，此处应表被动，故选B。
【答案】B
5.
__________
the
meeting
himself
gave
them
a
great
deal
of
encouragement.
A.
The
president
will
attend
B.
The
president
to
attend
C.
The
president
attended
D.
The
president’s
attending
【解析】：错选C。此句缺少主语。A、C为句子，但无引导词，故排除;B项逻辑上及形式上都不对。正确答案D，为一动名词复合结构。
【答案】D
6.
On
the
bank
of
the
river,
we
found
him
__________
on
a
bench,
with
his
eyes
__________
on
a
kite
in
the
sky.
A.
seated;
fixing
B.
sitting;
fixing
C.
seated;
being
fixed
D.
sitting;
fixed
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们发现他坐在河岸边的长椅上，眼睛盯着空中的风筝。第一空用seated或sitting作宾语补足语；第二空是with的复合结构，由fix
one's
eyes
on
sth可知这里用过去分词fixed，故选D项。
【答案】D
7.
__________
by
beautiful
green
mountains
and
located
at
the
foot
of
Lushan
Mountain
makes
it
a
famous
tourist
attraction.
A.
Surrounded
B.
Being
surrounded
C.
Having
been
surrounded
D.
Surrounding
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：被美丽的绿色的山包围着而且位于庐山的山脚下使得它成为一个著名的旅游胜地。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，且surround与it之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式，故选B项。
【答案】B
8.
As
is
known
to
all,
Montreal
is
the
second
largest
French-speaking
city
in
the
world,
__________.
A.
Paris
is
the
largest
B.
Paris
being
the
largest
C.
Paris
to
be
the
largest
D.
Paris
be
the
largest
【解析】：考查独立主格结构。句意：众所周知，蒙特利尔是世界上说法语的第二大城市，巴黎是第一大城市。前半句是简单句，中间没有连词，所以后半句需要用独立主格结构作状语，且Paris和be之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语，故选B项。
【答案】B
9.
Put
everything
__________
to
you
in
your
bag,
not
others.
A.
belongs
B.
belonged
C.
belonging
D.
to
belong
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：把所有属于你的物品而不是别人的放进你的包里。分析句子结构可知，此处是分词作定语，belong
to是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，与everything之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故选C项。
【答案】C
10.
Everyone
in
this
country
should
work
hard
and
do
what
they
can
__________
against
national
smog.
A.
fight
B.
fought
C.
fighting
D.
to
fight
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：这个国家的每个人都应该努力并尽自己所能去抵抗全国性的雾霾。分析句子结构可知，what
they
can是do的宾语，后面应该接不定式表目的，故选D项。
【答案】D
11.
—Shall
we
put
off
the
match
because
of
the
bad
weather?
—No.
Rain
or
shine,
the
match
will
be
held
as
__________.
A.
schedule
B.
scheduling
C.
scheduled
D.
to
schedule
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：＂天气不好，我们要不要推迟比赛？＂＂不用，不论晴天还是雨天，比赛都将按期举行。＂as后省略了it
is/has
been，match和schedule之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，所以用过去分词，故选C项。
【答案】C
1.
Peter’s
Chinese
was
poor
when
he
came
to
China,
so
he
couldn’t
make
himself
__________
（understand）.（单句语法填空）
【错因分析】易误填understand。有些同学一看到make，就想起了make
sb.
do
sth.
使某人做某事。易误填understand。但是此句中主语是he，make后面是himself，表达的是使他自己被听懂，被弄明白。make
oneself
done使某人自己被……。
【试题解析】句意：＂当彼得来中国时，他的汉语很差，所以他不能清楚地表达自己＂。himself与understand为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填understood。
【参考答案】understood
过去分词作宾语补足语
?I
heard
the
song
sung
several
times
last
week.
上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
有时过去分词作with短语中的宾语补足语。
?With
the
work
done,
they
went
out
to
play.
工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。
2.
He
had
his
watch
__________
(steal)
on
the
bus
the
other
day.
【错因分析】to
be
stone。有的考生误以为是不定式的被动式作补语，从而误填to
be
stolen。
【试题解析】根据句意，这里是被动，由have
sth
done（使某物被做）可知，空格处应该填steal的过去分词作补语。本句意为：前几天在公交车上他的手表被人偷了。
【参考答案】stolen
不定式作宾补
?Father
will
not
allow
us
to
play
on
the
street.
爸爸不允许我们在街上玩耍。
1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）China's
image
is
improving
steadily,
with
more
countries__________
its
role
in
international
affairs.
A.
recognizing
B.
being
recognized
C.
to
be
recognized
D.
recognized
【解析】：考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with
+
名词
+
现在分词结构，故选A。
【答案】A
2.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)I
need
a
new
passport
so
I
will
have
to
have
my
photographs___________.
A.
taking
B.
taken
C.
being
taken
D.
take
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my
photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。
【答案】B
3.
Unless
________,
the
fridge
won’t
work
properly.
A.
repairing
B.
having
repaired
C.
being
repaired
D.
repaired
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：除非维修，否则冰箱不能正常工作。在作状语的分词前常可加一个时间、条件或让步状语的引导词来表示逻辑关系。本题中the
fridge与repair之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，故选D。
【答案】D
4.
—What’s
in
the
parcel?
—Some
clothes
________
to
our
son
this
afternoon.
A.
sent
B.
being
sent
C.
to
send
D.
to
be
sent
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：＂那个包裹里面装着什么？＂＂一些下午要送给儿子的衣服。＂由this
afternoon可知，此处表示将来的动作，故用不定式形式；又由于clothes和send之间是被动关系，故选D。
【答案】D
5.
The
young
actor
has
broken
his
marriage
faith
with
his
wife
for
another
actress,
________
much
comment
against
him
in
blogs.
A.
setting
off
B.
to
set
apart
C.
setting
forth
D.
to
set
on
【解析】：考查动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。句意：这个年轻演员为了另一个女演员打破了他与妻子的婚姻信仰，引发了博客里面很多反对他的评论。set
off出发，引发，引爆，使开始；set
apart分开，分离；set
forth启程，出发，详尽地解释，展示；set
on开始，着手。根据语境可知A项正确。现在分词作状语表示自然而然的结果，而不定式作状语表示出乎意料的结果。
【答案】A
6.
________
a
new
house
is
impossible
for
the
young
couple
because
they
haven’t
saved
enough
money.
A.
Buy
B.
Buying
C.
Bought
D.
Having
bought
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：买一套新房对这对年轻夫妇来说是不可能的，因为他们没有攒到足够的钱。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语，故选B项。
【答案】B
7.
Every
book
________
from
the
library
should
be
returned
on
time.
A.
borrow
B.
to
borrow
C.
borrowing
D.
borrowed
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：从图书馆借的每本书都要按时归还。句中用分词作定语，every
book和borrow之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，故选D。
【答案】D
8.
________
from
J.
K.
Rowling’s
book
series
of
the
same
title,
the
Harry
Potter
movies
are
universally
acknowledged
as
classics.
A.
Adapting
B.
Having
adapted
C.
Adapted
D.
To
be
adapted
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：改编自J.K.罗琳的同名小说，《哈利?波特》系列电影被普遍认为是经典影片。句中用分词作状语，movies和adapt之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，用过去分词，故选C。
【答案】C
9.
________
to
teaching,
as
we
know,
contributes
to
his
popularity
with
his
students.
A.
To
devote
B.
Devoted
C.
Being
devoted
D.
Devoting
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：正如我们知道的那样，对教学的热爱使得他受到学生的爱戴。be
devoted
to献身于，热爱。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语，故选C。
【答案】C
10.
Please
speak
aloud
to
make
yourself
_________
(hear).
【解析】：根据句意，这里是被动，由make
sth
done（使某物被做）可知，空格处应该填hear的过去分词作补语。本句意为：请大声点讲以便让别人听见。
【答案】heard
I.
单项选择
1.（2019﹒江苏卷﹒单项填空）__________
the
convenience
of
digital
payment,
many
senior
citizens
started
to
use
smart
phones.
A.
To
enjoy
B.
Enjoying
C.
To
have
enjoyed
D.
Enjoy
【答案】A
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。
2.（2019﹒新课标I卷﹒语法填空）Modem
methods
___of__
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid-1980s,
and
are
expensive
___64___
(perform)
consistently
over
a
large
area.
【答案】to
perform
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to
perform。
3.（2019﹒新课标I卷﹒语法填空）Scientists
have
responded
by
___67___
(note)
that
hungry
bears
may
be
congregating(聚集)
around
human
settlements,…
【答案】noting
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。
4.（2019﹒新课标II卷﹒短文改错）All
the
football
players
on
the
playground
cheered
loudly,
say
that
I
had
a
talent
for
football.
【答案】All
the
football
players
on
the
playground
cheered
loudly,
that
I
had
a
talent
for
football.
【解析】：考查现在分词。句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。
5.（2019﹒新课标II卷﹒语法填空）A
90-year-old
has
been
awarded
“Woman
Of
The
Year”
for
___61___
(be)Britain's
oldest
full-time
employee-still
working
40
hours
a
week.
【答案】
being
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
6.（2019﹒新课标II卷﹒语法填空）Picking
up
her
“Lifetime
Achievement”
award，proud
Irene
___declared__(declare)
she
had
no
plans
___65___
(retire)
from
her
36-year-old
business.
【答案】to
retire
【解析】：考查不定式作定语。此处用to
do
sth作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“……的计划”，故填to
retire。
7.（2019﹒新课标II卷﹒语法填空）When
we
got
a
call
___68___
(say)
she
was
short-listed，we
thought
it
was
___a__
joke.
【答案】saying
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
8.（2019﹒新课标III卷﹒语法填空）On
our
way
to
the
house，it
was
raining
___so__
hard
that
we
couldn't
help
wondering
how
long
it
would
take
___62___
(get)there.
【答案】to
retire
【解析】：考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to
get。
9.（2019﹒新课标III卷﹒语法填空）On
the
last
day
of
our
week-long
stay，we
_were
invited__(invite)to
attend
a
private
concert
on
a
beautiful
farm
on
the
North
Shore
under
the
stars，___70___
(listen)to
musicians
and
meeting
interesting
locals.
【答案】listening
【解析】：考查现在分词。本句谓语动词为“were
invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting
interesting
locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
10.（2019﹒浙江卷﹒语法填空）When
the
children
are
walking
or
___59___
(cycle)
to
school
on
dark
mornings,…
【答案】cycling
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
11.（2019﹒浙江卷﹒语法填空）But
some
students
didn't
want
___63___
(wear)
the
uniform.
【答案】to
wear
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿校服。want
to
do
sth想要做某事，这里是动词不定式作to的宾语。故填to
wear。
12.（2019﹒北京卷﹒语法填空）Nervously
___2___
(face)
challenges,
I
know
I
will
whisper
to
_myself_(I)
the
two
simple
words
“Be
yourself”.
【答案】facing
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是作句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
13.
The
man
________
the
fake
news
that
18
firefighters
lost
their
lives
in
the
explosion
was
arrested.
A.
having
circulating
B.
to
circulate
C.
circulating
D.
to
have
circulated
【答案】C
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：传播18名火警在爆炸中丧生了的这条假消息的人被逮捕了。传播假消息与the
man
是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语，
故选C。
【点睛】区分非谓语动词时，主要是要区分谓语动词与非谓语动词动作发生的先后顺序。如果同时发生或者非谓语动作从过去持续到谓语动作那个时间，一般使用现在分词形式；如果非谓语动作发生在位于动作之后，使用不定式如果非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前，使用过去分词。本题考查的就是非谓语动作从过去持续到谓语动作那个时间的情形。
14.
With
the
number
of
homecoming
overseas
students
__________
up
in
recent
years,
the
attraction
of
foreign
degree
holders
has
gradually
faded.
A.
shot
B.
being
shot
C.
shooting
D.
to
shoot
【答案】C
【解析】：考查固定用法。句意：近年来，由于归国留学生人数的激增，外国学位持有者的吸引力逐渐减弱。本句为with的复合结构，shoot与overseas
students构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作原因状语，故选C。
15.
The
little
boy
stared
at
the
strange
man
questioningly,
not
whether
to
believe
what
he
had
said.
A.
to
know
B.
knowing
C.
known
D.
having
known
【答案】B
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：小男孩疑惑地盯着这个陌生人，不知道自己是否该相信他说的话。little
boy与know之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语，故B项正确。
16.
Facial
recognition
technology
is
working
well
at
tourist
attractions
around
China,
the
time
people
spend
standing
in
lines
at
entries
or
security
check.
A.
to
reduce
B.
reduced
C.
having
reduced
D.
reducing
【答案】D
【解析】：考查现在分词作结果状语。句意：人脸识别技术在中国各地的旅游景点运行良好，减少了人们在入口处或安检处排队的时间。此处是现在分词作结果状语，故答案为D。
17.
Actors
should
be
good
observers,
watching
people's
body
language
and
speaking
style,
and
this
into
their
own
abilities
to
progress
in
acting.
A.
transferring
B.
transforming
C.
transporting
D.
transmitting
【答案】B
【解析】：考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：演员应该是很好的观察者，观察人们的肢体语言和说话风格，并将其转化为自己的能力，从而在表演上取得进步。此处句子主语Actors和transform之间是主动关系，是现在分词作.伴随状语，与watching并列，故答案为D。
18.
We
had
better
put
off
interviewing
the
athlete,
for
he
Is
busy
preparing
for
an
international
contest
__________
in
Shanghai
next
month.
A.
held
B.
to
hold
C.
being
held
D.
to
be
held
【答案】D
【解析】：考查动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语。句意：我们最好推迟采访这位运动员，因为他正忙于准备下个月在上海举行的国际比赛。此处contest和hold之间是一种被动关系，这里是动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语，故选D。
II.
单句语法填空
1.
He
suddenly
appeared
in
class
one
day,
_________
(wear)
sun
glasses.
【答案】wearing
【解析】：考查现在分词。根据句子结构可知，已有谓语动词appeared，动词wear前又没有并列连词，故应为非谓语动词作状语，表示伴随情况；又因主语he与wear之间是主动关系，故要用现在分词。
2.
One
morning,
I
was
waiting
at
the
bus
stop,
worried
about
_________
(be)
late
for
school.
【答案】being
【解析】：考查动名词。介词about后应该跟名词或动名词，故用being。
3.
I
heard
a
passenger
behind
me
shouting
to
the
driver,
but
he
refused
_________
(stop)
until
we
reached
the
next
stop.
【答案】to
stop
【解析】：考
查不定式。动词refuse后要接不定式作宾语，refuse
to
do
sth拒绝做某事。
4.
Still,
the
boy
kept
_________
(ride).
He
was
carrying
something
over
his
shoulder
and
shouting.
【答案】riding
【解析】：考查固定短语。然而这个男孩一直骑个不停。keep
doing
sth一直做某事。
5.
We
got
a
little
_________
(sunburn),
but
the
day
had
been
so
relaxing
that
we
didn’t
mind.
【答案】sunburned/
sunburnt
【解析】：考查过去分词。我们有点晒黑了。动词sunburn晒黑，此处get＋done结构为被动结构，表示某一事件或事故的发生，着重强调动作。
6.
My
older
brother
and
I
are
busy
_________
(arrange)
a
trip
to
Africa.
【答案】arranging
【解析】：考查动名词。be
busy
(in)
doing...忙于做某事。
7.
Qu
was
a
minister
of
the
State
of
Chu
_________
(situate)
in
present
day
Hunan
and
Hubei
Provinces，during
the
Warring
States
Period(战国时期).
【答案】situated
【解析】：考查过去分词。表示位于何地时，用be
situated
in/on。过去分词situated作定语，相当于定语从句which
was
situated...。
8.
Last
weekend
as
I
was
riding
in
the
bike
lane
alongside
the
truck,
we
reached
a
crossing
and
it
turned
to
the
right,
_________
(hit)
me
and
my
bicycle.
【答案】hitting
【解析】：考查现在分词。句意：上周我骑自行车时旁边有辆卡车，当到十字路口时，它向右转，撞到了我和我的自行车。hitting作结果状语。
9.
After
luckily
_________
(succeed)
in
the
national
college
entrance
examination,
I
realized
my
dream
again:
after
graduation,
I
became
a
citizen
working
in
a
city.
【答案】succeeding
【解析】：考查动名词。介词after后要用动名词作宾语。
10.
Most
of
the
fish
there
was
_________
(freeze),
but
we
had
not
much
trouble
finding
some
fresh
fish
at
the
other
part
of
the
market.
【答案】frozen
【解析】：考查过去分词。此处
作表语，表状态，要用frozen(冰冻的)。
11.
Well,
it
always
takes
time
to
consider
before
_________
(make)
a
decision.
【答案】making
【解析】：考查动名词。在做决定之前要认真考虑。before是介词，后跟动名词。
12.
Now,
the
merchant’s
1st
wife
is
a
very
loyal
partner
and
has
made
great
contributions
in
maintaining
his
wealth
and
business
as
well
as
_________
(take)
care
of
the
household.
【答案】taking
【解析】：考查动名词。as
well
as连接并列结构，take在形式上要与maintain保持一致。
13.
Eventually,
I
decided
_________
(contact)
University
Student
Legal
Services
for
help
about
this
matter.
【答案】to
contact
【解析】：考查不定式。decide
to
do...决定做某事。
14.
Woo
Sing
stopped
_________
(think)
about
these
strange
actions,
saying
to
himself,
＂This
boy
is
fooling
me.
He
does
everything
that
I
do.＂
【答案】to
think
【解析】：考查不定式。Woo
Sing停下来想这些奇怪的行为……
stop
to
do
sth停下来去做某事。
15.
Most
probably,
it
may
lead
to
a
small
ta
lk
which
often
brings
harm
or
disrespect
to
others,
thus
_________
(hurt)
others’
feelings.
【答案】hurting
【解析】：考查现在分词。句意：很有可能，这种好奇心会导致闲言碎语，而那些闲言碎语会对别人造成伤害或者不尊重，这样就伤害了别人的感情。现在分词作结果状语，主语a
small
talk和hurt之间为主谓关系，故要用现在分词。
16.
Yes,
and
there
is
a
lot
of
points
of
view
when
you
listen
to
talk
shows.
I
usually
enjoy
_________
(listen)
to
them.
【答案】listening
【解析】：考查动名词。enjoy
doing喜欢做某事。
17.
Taking
a
taxi
is
five
times
as
expensive
as
_________
(take)
a
bus.
【解析】：考查动名词。这里taking
a
bus和taking
a
taxi进行比较。
【答案】taking
18.
I
then
realized
she
had
no
arms
or
legs,
just
a
head,
a
neck
and
upper
body,
_________
(dress)
in
a
little
white
skirt.
【答案】dressed
【解析】：考查过去分词。此处过去分词短语dressed
in...相当于定语从句who
was
dressed
in...。
19.
The
price
of
tea
_________
(pick)
in
March
is
extremely
high.
【答案】picked
【解析】：考查过去分词。tea与动词pick之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
20.
We
have
also
formed
a
special
support
group
to
help
young
people
stop
_________
(smoke).
【答案】smoking
【解析】：考查动名词。stop
to
do
sth
停下来去做某事；stop
doing
sth
停止正在做的事情。根据语境可知
＂我们还成立了一个特殊的小组去帮助青少年戒烟＂。stop
smoking戒烟。
21.
We
offer
them
three
choices:
the
end
of
March,
the
middle
of
April
and
the
beginning
of
May,
and
they
chose
the
earliest
one,
which
is
good
actually
with
exams
_________
(come)
up
in
May.
【答案】coming
【解析】：这里是with的复合结构，exam和come是主动关系，所以要用现在分词coming作宾语补足语。
22.
We’ve
got
to
remember
this
group
wants
to
look
at
how
the
Internet
is
being
_________
(use)
in
the
classroom.
【答案】used
【解析】：考查过去分词。参观团想看看我们学校的网络是如何被使用的。此处为现在进行时的被动语态，故要用过去分词used。
23.
An
excellent
reputation
and
high
rankings
are
certainly
important,
according
to
a
survey
_________
(conduct)
by
Shanghai
Municipal
Education
Commission
in
50
Shanghai
high
schools
this
summer.
【答案】conducted
【解析】：考查过去分词。名词a
survey与动词conduct之间为被动关系，故要用过去分词做后置定语，相当于定语从句which
is
conducted
by...。
24.
In
the
beginning,
there
was
only
a
very
small
amount
of
unfairness
in
the
world,
but
everyone
added
a
little,
always
_________
(think)
that
it
was
only
small
and
not
very
important,
and
look
where
we
have
ended
up
today.
【答案】thinking
【解析】：考查现在分词。动词think与主语everyone之间为主动关系，前面已经有了谓语动词added，故要用现在分词表伴随。
21
/
21
1.
Lily
doesn’t
feel
like
__________
（study）abroad.
Her
parents
are
old.
（单句语法填空）
【错因分析】易误填to
study。like
to
do
sth.
喜欢做某事，偶尔一次喜欢做某事；like
doing
sth.后跟动词不定式，经常性地喜欢做某事。看到like，容易误填to
study。此句表示莉莉不想要出国留学，feel
like
doing
sth.
想要做某事。
【试题解析】句意：＂莉蒂亚不想出国读书。（因为）她的父母年纪大了。＂feel
like
doing
sth.意为＂想要做某事＂，是固定搭配。
【参考答案】studying
动名词与不定式的不同
1)
动名词与不定式的区别
动名词
状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的
不定式
目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
2)
接不定式或动名词，意义相近，如：begin/start
to
do
=
begin/start
doing;
continue
to
do
=continue
doing。
3)
动名词与不定式语义不同的有11组：
stop
to
do
stop
doing
forget
to
do
forget
doing
remember
to
do
remember
doing
regret
to
do
regret
doing
cease
to
do
cease
doing
try
to
do
try
doing
go
on
to
do
go
on
doing
afraid
to
do
afraid
doing
interested
to
do
interested
doing
mean
to
do
mean
doing
begin
/
start
to
do
begin/
start
doing
常见考法
1.
不定式作状语；
2.
it作形式主语代替后面的不定式；
3.
不定式的否定形式；
4.
被动语态中的不定式；
5.
不定式省to情况；
6.
不定式作定语的情况。
误区提醒
1.
不定式的不同形式误用；
2.
被动语态中仍然省to；
3.
否定形式not位置弄错；
4.
主动语态中该省to不省；
5.
不定式作定语时丢内容。
动名词作宾语
a.
作动词的宾语，某些及物动词后面直接接宾语时只能加动名词，不能加不定式，如advise,
allow,
permit,
avoid,
consider,
enjoy,
finish,
imagine,
include,
keep,
mind,
miss,
delay,
practice,
resist,
suggest,
escape,
bear等。
?Mark
often
attempts
to
escape
being
fined
whenever
he
breaks
traffic
regulations.
每当违反交通规则时，Mark总是尝试着逃脱惩罚。
b.
作介词的宾语（单个介词或最后是介词的动词短语），如depend
on,
think
about,
set
about,
succeed
in,
worry
about,
burst
into,
be
used
to,
get
used
to,
devote…to…,
look
forward
to,
pay
attention
to,
get
down
to等。
?We
are
against
killing
small
animals.
我们反对屠杀小动物。
?Shall
we
have
a
rest
or
get
down
to
doing
our
work?
我们是休息一下还是继续工作？
c.
作短语动词的宾语give
up,
keep
on,
put
off,
insist
on等。
?He
is
often
persuaded
to
give
up
smoking.
他总是被劝戒烟。
d.
其他情况be
worth,
be
busy,
can’t
help,
can’t
stand等。
?The
music
is
well
worth
listening
to
more
than
once.
这音乐值得反复听。
?We
are
busy
preparing
for
the
coming
sports
meet.
我们忙着为即将到来的运动会做准备。
不定式作宾语
?I
want
to
speak
to
Tom.
我想跟Tom谈谈。
?Please
show
us
how
to
do
that.
请给我们演示一下怎么操作。
2.
One
morning,
I
was
waiting
at
the
bus
stop,
worried
about
__________（be）late
for
school.
（单句语法填空）
【错因分析】易误填been或be。worried
about...是过去分词短语作状语，
【试题解析】句意：一天早上，我正在等公交车，担心上学会迟到。介词about后面用名词或动名词作宾语，故填being。
【参考答案】being
3.
__________
（ignore）the
differences
between
the
two
research
findings
will
be
one
of
the
worst
mistakes
you
make.
（单句语法填空）
【错因分析】分析不清句子成分，易误填Ignore。
【试题解析】句意：忽视这两种研究结果的差异将是你所犯的最严重的错误之一。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词是will
be；＂one
of
the
worst
mistakes...＂是表语；you
make是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰mistakes。很显然，＂__________
the
differences
between
the
two
research
findings＂是主语部分，结合语境可知设空处用动名词作主语。
【参考答案】Ignoring
动名词作主语：
a.
直接位于句首作主语。
?Swimming
is
a
good
sport
in
summer.
夏天游泳是一项很不错的运动。
b.
it作形式主语，常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better,
wonderful,
enjoyable,
interesting,
foolish,
difficult,
useless,
senseless,
worthwhile等。
?It
is
no
use
telling
him
not
to
worry.
告诉他没必要担心。
注意：important,
essential,
necessary之后常用不定式。
c.
用于＂There
be＂结构中。
?There
is
no
saying
when
he’ll
come.
不知道他什么时候回来。
d.
用于布告形式的省略结构中。
?No
smoking
(=No
smoking
is
allowed
(here).（这里）禁止抽烟。
?No
parking.
禁止停车。
e.
动名词的复合结构作主语。
?Their
coming
to
help
was
a
great
encouragement
to
us.
他们的到来及提供的帮助对我们来说是极大地鼓励。
动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较
a.
动名词多用来表示泛指，不定式多用来表示特指。
?Smoking
is
not
good
for
health.
抽烟对健康有害。
?It
is
not
good
for
you
to
smoke
so
much.
抽这么多烟对你不好。
b.
在It
is
no
use...,
It
is
no
good...,
It
is
fun...,
It
is
a
waste
of
time...等句型中，常用动名词作真实主语。
?It
is
no
use
talking
about
that.
说那些没有用。
?It
is
no
good
quarreling
with
him.
跟他吵架没好处。
c.
在疑问句中，通常用动名词的复合结构，不用不定式的复合结构作主语。
?Does
your
saying
that
mean
anything
to
him?
你说那个对他意味着什么对吗？
d.
在＂There
be＂句型中，只能用动名词，而不能用不定式作主语。
?There
is
no
telling
what
will
happen.
没有被告知将要发生什么。
e.
句子中的主语和表语都是非谓语动词时，要遵循前后一致的原则，主语和表语在形式上要求统一：
?Seeing
is
believing.
/
To
see
is
to
believe.
眼见为实。
4.
No,
he
went
off
to
his
tennis
match
before
I
finished
__________
（make）them,
so
he
couldn’t
have
done
it.
【错因分析】易误填having
made。有的考生误以为是-ing形式的完成式作宾语，从而误填having
made。
【试题解析】finish后只能接名词、代词或-ing形式作宾语，故填making。
【参考答案】making。
常见后跟动名词的动词有：
acknowledge承认，自认
cease
停止
mention说到，讲到
admit
承认
tolerate忍受
dislike不喜欢，讨厌
advocate提倡，主张
complete完成
dread可怕
appreciate感激，欣赏
confess坦白
endure忍受
avoid避免
contemplate细想
enjoy享有，喜爱
bear忍受
defer拖延
envy嫉妒
can’t
help不禁
delay延迟
escape逃跑，逃避
can’t
stand受不了
deny否认
excuse借口
consider
考虑
detest嫌恶
fancy幻想，爱好
favor
造成，偏爱
mind介意
repent悔悟
figure描绘，计算
miss错过
resent怨恨
finish完成，结束不得
pardon原谅，饶恕
resist抵抗，阻止
forgive原谅
permit
允许
resume恢复
imagine设想
postpone延迟，延期
risk冒险
involve卷入，包含
practise实行，实践
suggest建议
hate讨厌
prevent阻止
save营救，储蓄
keep保持
quit放弃停止
stand坚持，忍受
loathe非常讨厌，厌恶
recall回想
5.
When
I
came
in,
my
naughty
son
pretended
__________（read）.
【错因分析】to
read。有的考生以为这里是不定式的一般式作宾语，从而误填to
read。
【试题解析】根据语境，这里的pretended后要接to
be
doing
作宾语，表示＂我＂进来时，儿子假装＂正在做什么＂。本句意为：我进来时，我那顽皮的儿子假装在看书。
【参考答案】to
be
reading
常见后跟动词不定式的动词有：
attempt企图
enable能够
neglect忽视
afford负担得起
demand要求
long渴望
arrange安排
destine注定
mean意欲，打算
begin开始
expect期望
omit忽略，漏
appear似乎，显得
determine决定
manage设法
cease停止
hate憎恨，厌恶
pretend假装
ask问
dread害怕
need需要
agree同意
desire愿望
love爱
swear宣誓
volunteer志愿
wish希望
bear承受
endeavor努力
offer提供
beg请求
fail不能
plan计划
bother扰乱；烦恼
forget忘记
prefer喜欢，宁愿
care关心，喜欢
happen碰巧
prepare准备
decide决定
learn学习
regret抱歉，遗憾
choose选择
hesitate犹豫
profess表明
claim要求
hope希望
promise承诺，允许
start开始
undertake承接
want想要
consent同意，赞同
intend想要
refuse拒绝
decide决定
learn学习
vow起
contrive设法，图谋
incline有……倾向
propose提议
seek找，寻觅
try试图
【归纳】
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
decide/determine,
learn,
want,
expect/hope/wish,
refuse,
manage,
care,
pretend,
offer,
promise,
choose,
plan,
agree,
ask/beg,
help
1.
The
chair
looks
rather
hard,
but
in
fact
it
is
very
comfortable
to
_______.
A.
sit
B.
sit
on
C.
be
seat
D.
be
sat
on
【解析】：如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于＂形容词+动词不定式＂结构的末尾。
【答案】B
2.
—I
usually
go
there
by
train.
—Why
not
_______
by
boat
for
a
change?
A.
to
try
going
B.
trying
to
go
C.
to
try
and
go
D.
try
going
【解析】：why
not后面接不带to的不定式，故选D。
【答案】D
3.
Paul
doesn’t
have
to
be
made
_______.
He
always
works
hard.
A.
learn
B.
to
learn
C.
learned
D.
learning
【解析】：make后接不带to的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to不可省略，故选B。
【答案】B
4.
She
pretended
_______
me
when
I
passed
by.
A.
not
to
see
B.
not
seeing
C.
to
not
see
D.
having
not
seen
【解析】：pretend后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend
not
to
do
sth.。
【答案】A
5.
The
patient
was
warned
_______
only
food
after
the
operation.
A.
to
eat
no
B.
eating
not
C.
not
to
eat
D.
not
eating
【解析】：warn一词要求后用不定式，否定形式为be
warned
not
to
do。
【答案】C
6.
Days
of
snowstorms
have
left
the
city
________
under
thick
layers
of
ice
and
some
50,000
homes
without
power.
A.
to
be
trapped
B.
trapped
C.
having
trapped
D.
being
trapped
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：连日的暴雪使这个城市陷入厚厚的冰雪中，大约5万个家庭停电。此处是＂leave＋宾语＋补语＂结构，the
city与trap之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语，故选B项。
【答案】B
7.
Experts
warn
that
medical
waste
from
hospitals,
if
________
properly,
may
contribute
to
spreading
diseases.
A.
not
handled
B.
not
being
handled
C.
not
to
be
handled
D.
not
having
been
handled
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：专家警告说，如果医院的医疗垃圾不能恰当处理，可能会导致疾病的蔓延。if条件句中省略的主语是medical
waste
from
hospitals，与handle之间是被动关系，故选A项。
【答案】A
8.
Faced
with
a
bill
for
$10,000,
________.
A.
Smith
has
taken
an
extra
job
B.
the
boss
has
given
Smith
an
extra
job
C.
an
extra
job
has
been
taken
D.
an
extra
job
has
been
given
to
Smith
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：面对1万美元的账单，史密斯又找了一份工作。前半句是过去分词作状语，只有主、从句主语一致的时候，才能用非谓语动词作状语，所以主句主语与be
faced
with的主语一致，故选A项。
【答案】A
1.
A
study
of
travelers
__________
（conduct）by
the
website
TripAdvisor
names
Yangshuo
as
one
of
the
top
10
destinations
in
the
world.
【错因分析】conducting。有的考生以为此处为-ing形式作后置定语而误填conducting。
【试题解析】根据句意和句子结构可知，study和conduct之间为被动关系（同时注意空格后的介词by），所以使用过去分词作后置定语。
【参考答案】conducted。
过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。
过去分词作定语
?Our
class
went
on
an
organized
trip
last
Monday.
上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
?Those
selected
as
committee
members
will
attend
the
meeting.
当选为委员的人将出席这次会。
注意
当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词作定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
动名词作定语和动词不定式作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：
?a
walking
stick
=a
stick
for
walking=a
stick
which
is
used
for
walking
?a
washing
machine=a
machine
for
washing=a
machine
which
is
used
for
washing
?a
reading
room=a
room
for
reading=a
room
which
is
used
for
reading
不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。
?I
have
a
lot
of
work
to
do.
我有很多工作要做。
2.
What
makes
the
adobe
dwellings
admirable
is
their
ability
to
＂air
condition＂
a
house
without
________（use）electric
equipment.
【错因分析】used。有的考生认为此处为过去分词作定语而误填used。
【试题解析】由空格前的介词without可知，空格处应该使用动名词形式。
【参考答案】using
动名词和现在分词的同与不同
相同之处：它们都是由动词变化而成的，它们都保留了动词的某些特征，它们都能带自己的宾语、状语，而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。
?Speaking
in
the
public,
he
will
surely
be
very
cheerful.
能做演讲，他肯定很开心。（现在分词短语，作状语）
?She
hates
speaking
in
the
public.
她讨厌做演讲。（动名词短语，作宾语）
区别：
1）动名词和现在分词都可以用于系动词之后作表语，区别方法是：
a.
作表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事，此时系动词相当于＂是＂，通常把主语和表语的位置互换，语法和意思不变。
?My
hobby
is
swimming.可改为：Swimming
is
my
hobby.
我的爱好是游泳。
b.
现在分词作表语主要用以说明主语的性质,不能与主语互换位置，例如：
?The
story
is
interesting.
不可改为：Interesting
is
the
story.
这个故事很有趣。
2）动名词和现在分词都可以用作定语来修饰名词，区别在于：动名词修饰名词时主要表示该名词的用途，而现在分词修饰名词时表性质、状态或动作等。比较：
a
swimming
boy
一个正在游泳的男孩，即a
boy
who
is
swimming，现在分词swimming表示被修饰名词boy的动作。
a
swimming
suit
游泳衣，即a
suit
for
swimming，动名词swimming表示suit
的用途。
常见考法
1.
动名词做主语时，谓语动词的数；
2.
在动名词和不定式中，作为介词的宾语是动名词；
3.
动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词，通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语；
4.
有些词后只能接动名词；
5.
另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法。
误区提醒
1.
动名词(短语)作主语，谓语数用错；
2.
to作不定式符号和介词分不清；
3.
否定形式not位置不对；
4.
动名词和现在分词的用法弄混；
5.
只接动名词的动词和短语、句型识记不完整。
1.（2019﹒天津卷﹒单项填空）____________
to
think
critically
is
an
important
skill
today's
children
will
need
for
the
future.
A.
Learn
B.
Learned
C.
Learning
D.
Having
learned
【答案】C
【解析】：考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语。此处用动名词作主语，故选C。
2.
(2018·北京卷·单项填空)
Ordinary
soap,
_________
correctly,
can
deal
with
bacteria
effectively.
A.
used
B.
to
use
C.
using
D.
use
【答案】A
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary
soap
can
deal
with
bacterial
effectively是主句，_________
correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary
soap，ordinary
soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。
3.
I
would
appreciate
__________
back
this
afternoon.
A.
you
to
call
B.
you
call
C.
your
calling
D.
you’re
calling
【解析】：appreciate后可直接加动名词作宾语，也可加动名词的复合结构。故选C。
【答案】C
4.
What
worried
the
child
most
was
__________
to
visit
his
mother
in
the
hospital.
A.
his
not
allowing
B.
his
not
being
allowed
C.
his
being
not
allowed
D.
having
not
been
allowed
【解析】：错选C或D。本题为动名词复合结构作表语。Doing的否定形式not要加在前面，这点一定要注意。此外，此处应表被动，故选B。
【答案】B
5.
__________
the
meeting
himself
gave
them
a
great
deal
of
encouragement.
A.
The
president
will
attend
B.
The
president
to
attend
C.
The
president
attended
D.
The
president’s
attending
【解析】：错选C。此句缺少主语。A、C为句子，但无引导词，故排除;B项逻辑上及形式上都不对。正确答案D，为一动名词复合结构。
【答案】D
6.
On
the
bank
of
the
river,
we
found
him
__________
on
a
bench,
with
his
eyes
__________
on
a
kite
in
the
sky.
A.
seated;
fixing
B.
sitting;
fixing
C.
seated;
being
fixed
D.
sitting;
fixed
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们发现他坐在河岸边的长椅上，眼睛盯着空中的风筝。第一空用seated或sitting作宾语补足语；第二空是with的复合结构，由fix
one's
eyes
on
sth可知这里用过去分词fixed，故选D项。
【答案】D
7.
__________
by
beautiful
green
mountains
and
located
at
the
foot
of
Lushan
Mountain
makes
it
a
famous
tourist
attraction.
A.
Surrounded
B.
Being
surrounded
C.
Having
been
surrounded
D.
Surrounding
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：被美丽的绿色的山包围着而且位于庐山的山脚下使得它成为一个著名的旅游胜地。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，且surround与it之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式，故选B项。
【答案】B
8.
As
is
known
to
all,
Montreal
is
the
second
largest
French-speaking
city
in
the
world,
__________.
A.
Paris
is
the
largest
B.
Paris
being
the
largest
C.
Paris
to
be
the
largest
D.
Paris
be
the
largest
【解析】：考查独立主格结构。句意：众所周知，蒙特利尔是世界上说法语的第二大城市，巴黎是第一大城市。前半句是简单句，中间没有连词，所以后半句需要用独立主格结构作状语，且Paris和be之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语，故选B项。
【答案】B
9.
Put
everything
__________
to
you
in
your
bag,
not
others.
A.
belongs
B.
belonged
C.
belonging
D.
to
belong
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：把所有属于你的物品而不是别人的放进你的包里。分析句子结构可知，此处是分词作定语，belong
to是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，与everything之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故选C项。
【答案】C
10.
Everyone
in
this
country
should
work
hard
and
do
what
they
can
__________
against
national
smog.
A.
fight
B.
fought
C.
fighting
D.
to
fight
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：这个国家的每个人都应该努力并尽自己所能去抵抗全国性的雾霾。分析句子结构可知，what
they
can是do的宾语，后面应该接不定式表目的，故选D项。
【答案】D
11.
—Shall
we
put
off
the
match
because
of
the
bad
weather?
—No.
Rain
or
shine,
the
match
will
be
held
as
__________.
A.
schedule
B.
scheduling
C.
scheduled
D.
to
schedule
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：＂天气不好，我们要不要推迟比赛？＂＂不用，不论晴天还是雨天，比赛都将按期举行。＂as后省略了it
is/has
been，match和schedule之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，所以用过去分词，故选C项。
【答案】C
1.
Peter’s
Chinese
was
poor
when
he
came
to
China,
so
he
couldn’t
make
himself
__________
（understand）.（单句语法填空）
【错因分析】易误填understand。有些同学一看到make，就想起了make
sb.
do
sth.
使某人做某事。易误填understand。但是此句中主语是he，make后面是himself，表达的是使他自己被听懂，被弄明白。make
oneself
done使某人自己被……。
【试题解析】句意：＂当彼得来中国时，他的汉语很差，所以他不能清楚地表达自己＂。himself与understand为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填understood。
【参考答案】understood
过去分词作宾语补足语
?I
heard
the
song
sung
several
times
last
week.
上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
有时过去分词作with短语中的宾语补足语。
?With
the
work
done,
they
went
out
to
play.
工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。
2.
He
had
his
watch
__________
(steal)
on
the
bus
the
other
day.
【错因分析】to
be
stone。有的考生误以为是不定式的被动式作补语，从而误填to
be
stolen。
【试题解析】根据句意，这里是被动，由have
sth
done（使某物被做）可知，空格处应该填steal的过去分词作补语。本句意为：前几天在公交车上他的手表被人偷了。
【参考答案】stolen
不定式作宾补
?Father
will
not
allow
us
to
play
on
the
street.
爸爸不允许我们在街上玩耍。
1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）China's
image
is
improving
steadily,
with
more
countries__________
its
role
in
international
affairs.
A.
recognizing
B.
being
recognized
C.
to
be
recognized
D.
recognized
【解析】：考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with
+
名词
+
现在分词结构，故选A。
【答案】A
2.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)I
need
a
new
passport
so
I
will
have
to
have
my
photographs___________.
A.
taking
B.
taken
C.
being
taken
D.
take
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my
photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。
【答案】B
3.
Unless
________,
the
fridge
won’t
work
properly.
A.
repairing
B.
having
repaired
C.
being
repaired
D.
repaired
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：除非维修，否则冰箱不能正常工作。在作状语的分词前常可加一个时间、条件或让步状语的引导词来表示逻辑关系。本题中the
fridge与repair之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，故选D。
【答案】D
4.
—What’s
in
the
parcel?
—Some
clothes
________
to
our
son
this
afternoon.
A.
sent
B.
being
sent
C.
to
send
D.
to
be
sent
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：＂那个包裹里面装着什么？＂＂一些下午要送给儿子的衣服。＂由this
afternoon可知，此处表示将来的动作，故用不定式形式；又由于clothes和send之间是被动关系，故选D。
【答案】D
5.
The
young
actor
has
broken
his
marriage
faith
with
his
wife
for
another
actress,
________
much
comment
against
him
in
blogs.
A.
setting
off
B.
to
set
apart
C.
setting
forth
D.
to
set
on
【解析】：考查动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。句意：这个年轻演员为了另一个女演员打破了他与妻子的婚姻信仰，引发了博客里面很多反对他的评论。set
off出发，引发，引爆，使开始；set
apart分开，分离；set
forth启程，出发，详尽地解释，展示；set
on开始，着手。根据语境可知A项正确。现在分词作状语表示自然而然的结果，而不定式作状语表示出乎意料的结果。
【答案】A
6.
________
a
new
house
is
impossible
for
the
young
couple
because
they
haven’t
saved
enough
money.
A.
Buy
B.
Buying
C.
Bought
D.
Having
bought
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：买一套新房对这对年轻夫妇来说是不可能的，因为他们没有攒到足够的钱。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语，故选B项。
【答案】B
7.
Every
book
________
from
the
library
should
be
returned
on
time.
A.
borrow
B.
to
borrow
C.
borrowing
D.
borrowed
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：从图书馆借的每本书都要按时归还。句中用分词作定语，every
book和borrow之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，故选D。
【答案】D
8.
________
from
J.
K.
Rowling’s
book
series
of
the
same
title,
the
Harry
Potter
movies
are
universally
acknowledged
as
classics.
A.
Adapting
B.
Having
adapted
C.
Adapted
D.
To
be
adapted
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：改编自J.K.罗琳的同名小说，《哈利?波特》系列电影被普遍认为是经典影片。句中用分词作状语，movies和adapt之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，用过去分词，故选C。
【答案】C
9.
________
to
teaching,
as
we
know,
contributes
to
his
popularity
with
his
students.
A.
To
devote
B.
Devoted
C.
Being
devoted
D.
Devoting
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：正如我们知道的那样，对教学的热爱使得他受到学生的爱戴。be
devoted
to献身于，热爱。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语，故选C。
【答案】C
10.
Please
speak
aloud
to
make
yourself
_________
(hear).
【解析】：根据句意，这里是被动，由make
sth
done（使某物被做）可知，空格处应该填hear的过去分词作补语。本句意为：请大声点讲以便让别人听见。
【答案】heard
I.
单项选择
1.（2019﹒江苏卷﹒单项填空）__________
the
convenience
of
digital
payment,
many
senior
citizens
started
to
use
smart
phones.
A.
To
enjoy
B.
Enjoying
C.
To
have
enjoyed
D.
Enjoy
【答案】A
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。
2.（2019﹒新课标I卷﹒语法填空）Modem
methods
___of__
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid-1980s,
and
are
expensive
___64___
(perform)
consistently
over
a
large
area.
【答案】to
perform
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to
perform。
3.（2019﹒新课标I卷﹒语法填空）Scientists
have
responded
by
___67___
(note)
that
hungry
bears
may
be
congregating(聚集)
around
human
settlements,…
【答案】noting
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。
4.（2019﹒新课标II卷﹒短文改错）All
the
football
players
on
the
playground
cheered
loudly,
say
that
I
had
a
talent
for
football.
【答案】All
the
football
players
on
the
playground
cheered
loudly,
that
I
had
a
talent
for
football.
【解析】：考查现在分词。句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。
5.（2019﹒新课标II卷﹒语法填空）A
90-year-old
has
been
awarded
“Woman
Of
The
Year”
for
___61___
(be)Britain's
oldest
full-time
employee-still
working
40
hours
a
week.
【答案】
being
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
6.（2019﹒新课标II卷﹒语法填空）Picking
up
her
“Lifetime
Achievement”
award，proud
Irene
___declared__(declare)
she
had
no
plans
___65___
(retire)
from
her
36-year-old
business.
【答案】to
retire
【解析】：考查不定式作定语。此处用to
do
sth作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“……的计划”，故填to
retire。
7.（2019﹒新课标II卷﹒语法填空）When
we
got
a
call
___68___
(say)
she
was
short-listed，we
thought
it
was
___a__
joke.
【答案】saying
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
8.（2019﹒新课标III卷﹒语法填空）On
our
way
to
the
house，it
was
raining
___so__
hard
that
we
couldn't
help
wondering
how
long
it
would
take
___62___
(get)there.
【答案】to
retire
【解析】：考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to
get。
9.（2019﹒新课标III卷﹒语法填空）On
the
last
day
of
our
week-long
stay，we
_were
invited__(invite)to
attend
a
private
concert
on
a
beautiful
farm
on
the
North
Shore
under
the
stars，___70___
(listen)to
musicians
and
meeting
interesting
locals.
【答案】listening
【解析】：考查现在分词。本句谓语动词为“were
invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting
interesting
locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
10.（2019﹒浙江卷﹒语法填空）When
the
children
are
walking
or
___59___
(cycle)
to
school
on
dark
mornings,…
【答案】cycling
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
11.（2019﹒浙江卷﹒语法填空）But
some
students
didn't
want
___63___
(wear)
the
uniform.
【答案】to
wear
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿校服。want
to
do
sth想要做某事，这里是动词不定式作to的宾语。故填to
wear。
12.（2019﹒北京卷﹒语法填空）Nervously
___2___
(face)
challenges,
I
know
I
will
whisper
to
_myself_(I)
the
two
simple
words
“Be
yourself”.
【答案】facing
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是作句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
13.
The
man
________
the
fake
news
that
18
firefighters
lost
their
lives
in
the
explosion
was
arrested.
A.
having
circulating
B.
to
circulate
C.
circulating
D.
to
have
circulated
【答案】C
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：传播18名火警在爆炸中丧生了的这条假消息的人被逮捕了。传播假消息与the
man
是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语，
故选C。
【点睛】区分非谓语动词时，主要是要区分谓语动词与非谓语动词动作发生的先后顺序。如果同时发生或者非谓语动作从过去持续到谓语动作那个时间，一般使用现在分词形式；如果非谓语动作发生在位于动作之后，使用不定式如果非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前，使用过去分词。本题考查的就是非谓语动作从过去持续到谓语动作那个时间的情形。
14.
With
the
number
of
homecoming
overseas
students
__________
up
in
recent
years,
the
attraction
of
foreign
degree
holders
has
gradually
faded.
A.
shot
B.
being
shot
C.
shooting
D.
to
shoot
【答案】C
【解析】：考查固定用法。句意：近年来，由于归国留学生人数的激增，外国学位持有者的吸引力逐渐减弱。本句为with的复合结构，shoot与overseas
students构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作原因状语，故选C。
15.
The
little
boy
stared
at
the
strange
man
questioningly,
not
whether
to
believe
what
he
had
said.
A.
to
know
B.
knowing
C.
known
D.
having
known
【答案】B
【解析】：考查非谓语动词。句意：小男孩疑惑地盯着这个陌生人，不知道自己是否该相信他说的话。little
boy与know之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语，故B项正确。
16.
Facial
recognition
technology
is
working
well
at
tourist
attractions
around
China,
the
time
people
spend
standing
in
lines
at
entries
or
security
check.
A.
to
reduce
B.
reduced
C.
having
reduced
D.
reducing
【答案】D
【解析】：考查现在分词作结果状语。句意：人脸识别技术在中国各地的旅游景点运行良好，减少了人们在入口处或安检处排队的时间。此处是现在分词作结果状语，故答案为D。
17.
Actors
should
be
good
observers,
watching
people's
body
language
and
speaking
style,
and
this
into
their
own
abilities
to
progress
in
acting.
A.
transferring
B.
transforming
C.
transporting
D.
transmitting
【答案】B
【解析】：考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：演员应该是很好的观察者，观察人们的肢体语言和说话风格，并将其转化为自己的能力，从而在表演上取得进步。此处句子主语Actors和transform之间是主动关系，是现在分词作.伴随状语，与watching并列，故答案为D。
18.
We
had
better
put
off
interviewing
the
athlete,
for
he
Is
busy
preparing
for
an
international
contest
__________
in
Shanghai
next
month.
A.
held
B.
to
hold
C.
being
held
D.
to
be
held
【答案】D
【解析】：考查动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语。句意：我们最好推迟采访这位运动员，因为他正忙于准备下个月在上海举行的国际比赛。此处contest和hold之间是一种被动关系，这里是动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语，故选D。
II.
单句语法填空
1.
He
suddenly
appeared
in
class
one
day,
_________
(wear)
sun
glasses.
【答案】wearing
【解析】：考查现在分词。根据句子结构可知，已有谓语动词appeared，动词wear前又没有并列连词，故应为非谓语动词作状语，表示伴随情况；又因主语he与wear之间是主动关系，故要用现在分词。
2.
One
morning,
I
was
waiting
at
the
bus
stop,
worried
about
_________
(be)
late
for
school.
【答案】being
【解析】：考查动名词。介词about后应该跟名词或动名词，故用being。
3.
I
heard
a
passenger
behind
me
shouting
to
the
driver,
but
he
refused
_________
(stop)
until
we
reached
the
next
stop.
【答案】to
stop
【解析】：考
查不定式。动词refuse后要接不定式作宾语，refuse
to
do
sth拒绝做某事。
4.
Still,
the
boy
kept
_________
(ride).
He
was
carrying
something
over
his
shoulder
and
shouting.
【答案】riding
【解析】：考查固定短语。然而这个男孩一直骑个不停。keep
doing
sth一直做某事。
5.
We
got
a
little
_________
(sunburn),
but
the
day
had
been
so
relaxing
that
we
didn’t
mind.
【答案】sunburned/
sunburnt
【解析】：考查过去分词。我们有点晒黑了。动词sunburn晒黑，此处get＋done结构为被动结构，表示某一事件或事故的发生，着重强调动作。
6.
My
older
brother
and
I
are
busy
_________
(arrange)
a
trip
to
Africa.
【答案】arranging
【解析】：考查动名词。be
busy
(in)
doing...忙于做某事。
7.
Qu
was
a
minister
of
the
State
of
Chu
_________
(situate)
in
present
day
Hunan
and
Hubei
Provinces，during
the
Warring
States
Period(战国时期).
【答案】situated
【解析】：考查过去分词。表示位于何地时，用be
situated
in/on。过去分词situated作定语，相当于定语从句which
was
situated...。
8.
Last
weekend
as
I
was
riding
in
the
bike
lane
alongside
the
truck,
we
reached
a
crossing
and
it
turned
to
the
right,
_________
(hit)
me
and
my
bicycle.
【答案】hitting
【解析】：考查现在分词。句意：上周我骑自行车时旁边有辆卡车，当到十字路口时，它向右转，撞到了我和我的自行车。hitting作结果状语。
9.
After
luckily
_________
(succeed)
in
the
national
college
entrance
examination,
I
realized
my
dream
again:
after
graduation,
I
became
a
citizen
working
in
a
city.
【答案】succeeding
【解析】：考查动名词。介词after后要用动名词作宾语。
10.
Most
of
the
fish
there
was
_________
(freeze),
but
we
had
not
much
trouble
finding
some
fresh
fish
at
the
other
part
of
the
market.
【答案】frozen
【解析】：考查过去分词。此处
作表语，表状态，要用frozen(冰冻的)。
11.
Well,
it
always
takes
time
to
consider
before
_________
(make)
a
decision.
【答案】making
【解析】：考查动名词。在做决定之前要认真考虑。before是介词，后跟动名词。
12.
Now,
the
merchant’s
1st
wife
is
a
very
loyal
partner
and
has
made
great
contributions
in
maintaining
his
wealth
and
business
as
well
as
_________
(take)
care
of
the
household.
【答案】taking
【解析】：考查动名词。as
well
as连接并列结构，take在形式上要与maintain保持一致。
13.
Eventually,
I
decided
_________
(contact)
University
Student
Legal
Services
for
help
about
this
matter.
【答案】to
contact
【解析】：考查不定式。decide
to
do...决定做某事。
14.
Woo
Sing
stopped
_________
(think)
about
these
strange
actions,
saying
to
himself,
＂This
boy
is
fooling
me.
He
does
everything
that
I
do.＂
【答案】to
think
【解析】：考查不定式。Woo
Sing停下来想这些奇怪的行为……
stop
to
do
sth停下来去做某事。
15.
Most
probably,
it
may
lead
to
a
small
ta
lk
which
often
brings
harm
or
disrespect
to
others,
thus
_________
(hurt)
others’
feelings.
【答案】hurting
【解析】：考查现在分词。句意：很有可能，这种好奇心会导致闲言碎语，而那些闲言碎语会对别人造成伤害或者不尊重，这样就伤害了别人的感情。现在分词作结果状语，主语a
small
talk和hurt之间为主谓关系，故要用现在分词。
16.
Yes,
and
there
is
a
lot
of
points
of
view
when
you
listen
to
talk
shows.
I
usually
enjoy
_________
(listen)
to
them.
【答案】listening
【解析】：考查动名词。enjoy
doing喜欢做某事。
17.
Taking
a
taxi
is
five
times
as
expensive
as
_________
(take)
a
bus.
【解析】：考查动名词。这里taking
a
bus和taking
a
taxi进行比较。
【答案】taking
18.
I
then
realized
she
had
no
arms
or
legs,
just
a
head,
a
neck
and
upper
body,
_________
(dress)
in
a
little
white
skirt.
【答案】dressed
【解析】：考查过去分词。此处过去分词短语dressed
in...相当于定语从句who
was
dressed
in...。
19.
The
price
of
tea
_________
(pick)
in
March
is
extremely
high.
【答案】picked
【解析】：考查过去分词。tea与动词pick之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
20.
We
have
also
formed
a
special
support
group
to
help
young
people
stop
_________
(smoke).
【答案】smoking
【解析】：考查动名词。stop
to
do
sth
停下来去做某事；stop
doing
sth
停止正在做的事情。根据语境可知
＂我们还成立了一个特殊的小组去帮助青少年戒烟＂。stop
smoking戒烟。
21.
We
offer
them
three
choices:
the
end
of
March,
the
middle
of
April
and
the
beginning
of
May,
and
they
chose
the
earliest
one,
which
is
good
actually
with
exams
_________
(come)
up
in
May.
【答案】coming
【解析】：这里是with的复合结构，exam和come是主动关系，所以要用现在分词coming作宾语补足语。
22.
We’ve
got
to
remember
this
group
wants
to
look
at
how
the
Internet
is
being
_________
(use)
in
the
classroom.
【答案】used
【解析】：考查过去分词。参观团想看看我们学校的网络是如何被使用的。此处为现在进行时的被动语态，故要用过去分词used。
23.
An
excellent
reputation
and
high
rankings
are
certainly
important,
according
to
a
survey
_________
(conduct)
by
Shanghai
Municipal
Education
Commission
in
50
Shanghai
high
schools
this
summer.
【答案】conducted
【解析】：考查过去分词。名词a
survey与动词conduct之间为被动关系，故要用过去分词做后置定语，相当于定语从句which
is
conducted
by...。
24.
In
the
beginning,
there
was
only
a
very
small
amount
of
unfairness
in
the
world,
but
everyone
added
a
little,
always
_________
(think)
that
it
was
only
small
and
not
very
important,
and
look
where
we
have
ended
up
today.
【答案】thinking
【解析】：考查现在分词。动词think与主语everyone之间为主动关系，前面已经有了谓语动词added，故要用现在分词表伴随。
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