2020-2021学年黑龙江省绥化市海伦市一高高一下学期4月月考英语试卷 Word版含答案（无听力试题）
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| 名称 | 2020-2021学年黑龙江省绥化市海伦市一高高一下学期4月月考英语试卷 Word版含答案（无听力试题） |  | |
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海伦市第一中学高一月考考试试卷
2020-2021学年度第二学期
英语试卷
时间：120分钟；满分：150
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一卷（选择题）
第一节、单项选择(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．It is really cold and the ground is wet; it ________ have rained last night.
A．might B．must
C．can D．should
2．What is the best way you can imagine ________ the overuse of water in our school?
A．reduced B．reducing
C．reduce D．to reduce
3． _____ it many times, I still can’t make Tom understand what I said.
A．Explained B．Having explained
C．To explain D．Having been explained
4．No one ____ be more warm-hearted; he has a heart of gold.
A．should B．can C．might D．need
5．One of the meteor (陨石) pieces was found to have crashed into a frozen lake, ________ a six-meter wide hole.
A．left B．leaving C．to leave D．having left
6．The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ______ from butterflies to elephants.
A．to range B．ranged C．ranging D．being ranged
7．You should answer the questions the information on your card.
A．used B．using C．to use D．being used
8．The airport ______ next year will have the capacity to handle 500,000 passengers.
A．to be completed B．being completed C．completed D．having been completed
9．I happened to be on the newly-built highway when that brand-new car went by, followed by a police car. They _____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.
A．must have been driving B．should have been driving
C．could have driven D．would have driven
10．--- I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
--- Oh, did you? You _____ with my sister Barbara. She has a nice apartment in downtown Manhattan.
A．might stay B．could have stayed C．should stay D．must have stayed
11．Scientists have warned that coral reefs are likely to become the world’s first ecosystem ______ because of global warming.
A．to disappear B．Disappearing C．Disappeared D．having disappeared
12．_______ another hit in his business, Mr. Green hasn’t got the courage to try again.
A．Suffering B．Being suffered C．Suffered D．Having suffered
13．When I came in, John was sitting in the corner with his hands ________ on his head, ________ nervously for the final result.
A．crossed, waited B．crossed, waiting C．crossing, waited D．crossing, waiting
14．Her companion_____ a trick on her, for she was not in the mood for everything that day.
A．can’t have played B．must have played
C．should have played D．needn’t have played
15．______ that he didn’t pass the exam, he felt extremely sad.
A．Telling B．Having told C．To be told D．Having been told
16．Recently, violent crimes of beating, looting and burning in Hong Kong broke out, ______ an innocent old man and with more than 80 ______.
A．killed; wounded B．killing; injured C．killed; injuring D．killing; hurt
17．—You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didn't you?
—No, I didn't phone you. It someone else.
A．must have been B．could be C．must be D．could have been
18．He suggested that the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A．referred to being B．refer to being C．referred to be D．referring to be
19．Most of the people _______ to the party were famous scientists.
A．invited B．to invite
C．being invited D．inviting
20．Mrs White found her husband_____by letters and papers and_____very worried.
A．surrounded , looking B．surrounded , looked
C．surrounding, looked D．surrounding, looking
第二节、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
For most of us, swinging (摆动) 360 degrees around the spindle (轴) of a swing set is a distant childhood dream, but for some people in Estonia, it’s what they never grow out of. Not only do they still love struggling against gravity (重力), but they actually have created a competitive sport around their favorite entertainment. That sport is known as “kiiking”.
Swings are deep in Estonian culture, and you can still find various types of swings in villages and towns all around the country. They are used by children and adults alike, either for simple fun, or as a way for communities to bond during celebrations. So maybe it doesn抰 come as a big surprise that Estonia has an extreme sport based on swinging. Some people see it as dull, others as pointless, but to those who practice it, kiiking is the coolest thing in the world.
The rules of kiiking are pretty simple. Competitors start swinging at a certain height, and if they can complete a full circuit (圈) around the spindle, they can try to do the same after the swing has been raised a little, and so on. Those who fail to do a full spindle are left with the result of their last successful try.
Watching kiiking videos might give you the impression that it抯 an easy sport, but Laansalu, who has been practicing it since she was 8 years old, says it requires both great physical strength-strong legs and strong arms-and technique-knowing when to stand or sit in the swing chair, when to push yourself over the spindle of the swing and how to avoid injury.
Small groups of kiikers have been appearing in other countries, including the United States, but now it is still considered as an Estonian sport. There are no international kiiking competitions yet, but Estonia has several national kiiking events throughout the year.
21．What can we know about kiiking?
A．It is very easy and safe.
B．It is intended for children.
C．It is an international sport.
D．It is developed from swinging.
22．What should competitors pay attention to in kiiking according to the text?
A．The strength of the swing.
B．The way to push themselves.
C．The time to stand or sit on the swing.
D．The position where they end the sport.
23．What decides the success in kiiking?
A．The number of circuits he completes.
B．The height where he completes a full circuit.
C．How long it takes to complete a full circuit.
D．How long he performs on the swing.
B
Every festival has its own meaning. Labor Day, for example, celebrates the value of hard work. Thanksgiving is about showing thanks to people around you. And Valentines Day is a time when you express love to your loved ones. But somehow it now seems that all festivals we just care about one thing梥hopping. And that can be a big problem.
“In a way, over -consumption(过度消费) is the mother of all our environmental problems” Kalle Lasn once told CNN. Lasn is the organizer of Buy Nothing Day, a day set up in Canada in 1992 to fight against unhealthy spending habits, and has now become an international event. It’s held on the day, which is known as Black Fridny—a famous shopping day in the US and Canada.
You can see the irony(讽刺)here.
Even though the idea of Buy Nothing Day was brought up 26 years ago, we seem to need it now more than ever. It’s just as Lasn said, all the different kinds of pollution in our lives today bad air quality, the reduction of forest area, endangered animal species, and plastic bags found in the ocean梥eem to be the same cause: over-consumption.
The latest example is the Singles Day shopping craze of Nov 1l, which saw a new sales record. But as Nie Li, a campaigner at Greenpeace, told Reuters. 揜ecord-setting over-consumption means record-setting waste. And it was reported that last year the Singles Day packages left more than 160,000 tons of waste, including plastic and cardboard. The Collins dictionary has also just named 搒ingle-use its Word of the Year, pointing out the problem that there抮e too many things we tow out after only using them once.
So, Buy Nothing Day might only be here for one day a year, but it抯 not just to remind us to the a break from shopping on that day, but to change our lifestyle completely, focusing on fun 搘ith people we care about rather than wasting money on useless things.
24．What’s the authors purpose of writing the first paragraph?
A．To express the people's love for all festivals. B．To talk about the meaning of the festivals.
C．To appreciate the value of the festivals. D．To bring out the topic of the passage.
25．Why did Kalle Lasn organize Buy Nothing Day?
A．To help people save money. B．To cut the cost for daily life.
C．To prevent over-consumption. D．To set up a new sales record.
26．What's Nie Li’s attitude towards the shopping craze?
A．Opposed (反对的). B．Supportive .C．Unknown. D．Neutral(中立的).
27．What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A．Creating a New Lifestyle B．Buy Nothing Day
C．Festivals Around the World D．A Change in People’s Life
C
Nowadays, people have a heated discussion on whether the pressure on international sports players kills the essence of sport --- the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself; he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for the entire nation抯 hopes, dreams and reputation.
A good example is the football World Cup. Football is the world抯 most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he抣l think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map.
Sports fans and supporters get quite irrational about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money travelling to Argentina, where the finals were played.
So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinians really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really, but it抯 nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.
28．According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will ___________.
A．fail to succeed. B．lose enjoyment.
C．achieve success. D．go unreasonable.
29．The main idea of the first paragraph is that ____________.
A．children take part in all kinds of sports because sports activities give them pleasure.
B．competitions between different school teams make sports no longer a personal act for fun.
C．some people believe that international competition makes sports a task, a responsibility, for the individuals.
D．some people think international competition is in a way opposite to the pursuit of personal excellence.
30．What does the speaker mean when he says “In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map”?
A．Winning the World Cup makes Argentina a football power in the world.
B．Argentina is not important before it wins the World Cup.
C．Winning the World Cup gives weight to Argentina’s position in the world.
D．Argentina is world-famous for its football because of its obvious position on the map.
31．The word “irrational” in the third paragraph means __________.
A．passionate, B．unreasonable.
C．angry, D．happy,
D
Audrey Hepburn (奥黛丽·赫本) won an Academy Award as Best Actress for her first major American movie, Roman Holiday, which was released in 1953. But she is remembered as much for her aid work as for her acting.
Born in Belgium in 1929, Audrey’s father was British and her mother was Dutch. Audrey was sent to live at a British school for part of her childhood. During World WarⅡ, she lived and studied in the Netherlands. Her mother thought it would be safe from German attacks. Audrey studied dance as a teenager and during college. But when she returned to London after the war she realized she wasn't going to be a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员). So she began taking acting parts in stage shows. Later she began to get small parts in movies.
But it was Audrey Hepburn’s move to America in 1950s that brought her true fame. In 1951, she played the character “Gigi” in the Broadway play of the same name and received great critical praise. Two years later, Roman Holiday made her a star at the age of 24.
Audrey made more than 25 movies. Among her roles, the most popular one was Holly Golightly in Breakfast at Tiffany抯 in 1961. Three years later she played Eliza Doolittle in My Fair Lady.
She was married two times and had one child with each husband. In 1989, the UN Children’s Fund named Audrey a goodwill ambassador. She traveled all over the world in support of UNICEF (联合国儿童基金会) projects. The UN agency said she was a tireless worker. She often gave 15 interviews a day to gain money and support for UNICEF projects.
Audrey Hepburn often said her loyalty to UNICEF was the result of her experiences as a child during World WarⅡ. She said she knew what it was like to be starving and to be saved by international aid. She was a goodwill ambassador until her death in 1993 from colon cancer.
32．The reason why Audrey lived and studied in the Netherlands was that______.
A．she wanted to be a ballerina B．her parents were from Britain
C．it was safe there D．the education there was excellent
33．We can know from the passage that________.
A．Audrey’s parents lived in Germany during World WarⅡ
B．Audrey went to America in the 1950s
C．Audrey was made to give up dancing
D．the character “Gigi” in the Broadway play was her most popular role
34．___________ is NOT mentioned in the passage about Audrey Hepburn.
A．Marriage B．Identity C．Contribution D．Religion
35．__________is the right order for Audrey’s life.
①The first time she began to play in movies.
②She returned to London from the Netherlands.
③She won an Academy Award as Best Actress.
④She traveled all over the world in support of UNICEF projects.
⑤She played a part in My Fair Lady.
A．②①③⑤④ B．①②③⑤④ C．②①⑤③④ D．①②⑤③④
第三节、七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With modern technology becoming popular, much written communication tends to focus on the keyboard, but handwriting is still a necessary and important skill. 36． Here are some tips for you to improve your handwriting.
Examine Your Handwriting. 37． ?Look through your writing to decide what makes it difficult to read or what makes it unattractive. Perhaps you write your letters too small. Check on spacing of letters and words, and proper formation of letters. If your letters are small, put more effort into writing larger letters. If you are stuck by certain letters, practice those letters separately and within words.
Write Correctly. Positioning and technique play a role in how your handwriting looks. Hold the pen between your thumb and first two fingers so that it rests against your fingers. Hold it firmly enough to control the tip but not so hard that it hurts your fingers. Lighter pressure on the paper helps you create smooth lines and focus on your letter formation. 38．
39． Letters are formed from several basic strokes(笔画). Practice those strokes separately to get your hand used to forming them. Strokes found in letters include vertical lines, horizontal lines, and circles. Build on those to practice specific letters.
Write for a Purpose. Teach young children handwriting in meaningful contexts. Use that same idea by picking up a pen to write lists and notes by hand instead of typing. Keep a journal daily with slow, correct strokes. 40． These true and sincere writing opportunities make the practice meaningful.
A．Build on Basics.
B．Practice makes perfect.
C．Focus on improving your correctness instead of speed.
D．Writing at a slower speed also helps you focus on letter formation.
E．Put a handwritten letter in the mail to surprise a friend or a relative.
F．Handwriting requires your brain, eyes and hands to work together to form letters.
G．Before you can improve your handwriting, you need to know where your problem lies.
第四节、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I first saw the Boston Marathon in 1964, I just fell in love with it. I 41 to be part of it, but I didn’t know if I could do it. It was totally outside of the social norm (正常行为) for a woman to be running in those days.
In February, 1966，I sent my 42 to the Boston Marathon and they wrote back, saying, “Women are not physiologically (生理上) able to run a marathon.” When I read the 43 ，I thought if I could prove that this was a 44 view about women, it was going to 45 the discussion of what else we thought women could not do. So I took the bus to Boston and got there the day before the 46 .
When I got to the starting line, I knew the most important thing was that I should not be 47 . To avoid being arrested or pulled off the course，I had a blue hooded (带风帽的) sweatshirt pulled up over my 48 with my hair tied back. Then, there was the bang, but I waited until about half the pack left－then I 49 in.
Even though I was disguised (伪装)，the other runners 50 very quickly that I was a woman. Fortunately, they were very 51 . I told them that I was 52 I would be thrown out if officials saw that I was a woman. But they said, “We won’t let that 53 . It's a free road. ” That’s when I 54 the hooded sweatshirt and everyone could see I was a woman. Then people went 55 . They started shouting and clapping, 揥ay to go, girlie!
Finally I ran into Boston and 56 the race in 3 hours and 21 minutes.
I went back to Boston and ran 57 in 1967 and 1968. I hope to be a(n) 58 of someone who follows what they 59 and what they抮e good at. I think everyone came to this world to 60 something.
41．A．failed B．wanted C．refused D．managed
42．A．application B．report C．poems D．father
43．A．notice B．order C．suggestion D．letter
44．A．mistaken B．strong C．popular D．basic
45．A．avoid B．refer to C．open up D．face
46．A．trip B．meeting C．holiday D．race
47．A．stopped B．fined C．replaced D．passed
48．A．shoulder B．back C．head D．neck
49．A．drove B．came C．jumped D．walked
50．A．admitted B．figured out C．suggested D．pointed to
51．A．supportive B．confused C．cheerful D．surprised
52．A．unhappy B．sorry C．ashamed D．afraid
53．A．continue B．happen C．exist D．remain
54．A．took off B．took away C．hung up D．handed out
55．A．angry B．crazy C．brave D．disappointed
56．A．joined B．lost C．finished D．won
57．A．later B．too C．again D．once
58．A．partner B．expert C．supporter D．example
59．A．need B．love C．have D．study
60．A．improve B．gain C．create D．give
第二卷（非选择题）
第一节、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。
As we head towards midwinter all seems quiet in the garden, but now is the perfect time for 61． (plant) a tree. Are you worrying about not having the space? Are you gardening on concrete? There 62． (be) a simple solution 63． the problems: grow a small tree in a pot. This is often overlooked, so in an effort 64． (change)that, here is a list of the best species for pot growing, 65． will work well in even the tiniest of the city gardens.
The most 66． (common) suggested candidate for this treatment is an olive(橄榄树)---and with good reason. They are evergreen and have character from a young age.
If you want something 67． (usual), I’d give dwarf eucalypus 68． try. Eucalypus kybeannensis is much slower growing than its cousins, creating an airy treetop of fragrant leaves on trees just 5m tall.
Finally, if bright 69． (colour) are more your thing, you can choose Cercis canadensis “Forest Pansy”(加拿大红叶紫荆). It is clothed all summer in rich and heart-shaped leaves with bare branches 70． (decorate) with pink flowers in the spring.
第二节、短文改错（共10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
As the Internet is developing fast, more and more new words and phrases have created in Chinese. Here are some as examples.
One of most popular words are Dianzan, that is often used when you quite agree someone. Another example is Renxing. When you say somebody is Renxing, you mean that they will do however they like. The phrase Miaosha first come from online shopping, which means you can complete your shopping orders before others. And now it抯 wide used when you achieve your purpose in a very short time. If you describe somebody as a Tuhao, you mean that he or she is very rich.
You can find lots of such new Chinese words. Keep learn and you抣l know more about Chinese culture.
第三节、任务型写作（共25分）
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信询问你校学生的体育运动和身体锻炼情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1．学校建立了新体育馆；
2．主要的运动项目；
3．你喜欢的项目及原因。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
参考答案
第一卷（选择题）
1．B
【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了……”表示对过去十分有把握的推测，故选B。
【点睛】
must have done用法辨析
must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。
He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。
Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. [该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.]
The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。
如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：
They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。
中国学生的常见病句是：They...; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）
2．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：你能想象到的减少我们学校滥用水的最好的方法是什么？分析句子结构可知，you can imagine是插入语，way后常接动词不定式或of doing sth.作定语，故选D。
3．B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：?尽管我已经解释过很多次了，我还是不能让 Tom 明白我说的话。explain和主语I之间为逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词形式；由逻辑关系：先解释后明白，应使用到现在分词的完成式形式，所以选择B项。故选B项。
【点睛】
分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式。
4．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词的用法。句意：不可能有比他更暖心的人了；他有颗善良的心。A. should应该；B. can/could +否定词+比较级，相当于最高级，是固定搭配；C. might 表示“大 概”、“可能”，语气较弱；D. need 表示“需要”。根据句意可知选B。
5．B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其中一颗陨石碎片被发现坠入冰冻的湖中，留下一个6米宽的洞。One of the meteor pieces与leave之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果，故B项正确。
6．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查现在分词作状语。句意：国家公园里有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。这句话中谓语动词为has，所以空格处的填非谓语动词。“range from…to…”意为“从……到……（的范围）”，与其逻辑主语a large collection of wildlife之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选C。
7．B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你应该用卡上的信息来回答问题。本句中use做非谓语动词，做方式状语，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬应用-ing形式，you与use构成主动关系，故选B。
8．A
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：明年建成的机场能容纳50万名乘客。根据“next year”可知，动作发生在将来，而且表示被动，应该用不定式的被动形式作后置定语，故A项正确。
9．A
【详解】
考查对过去动作的推测。句意：当那辆崭新的汽车开过，后面还跟着一辆警车，我碰巧正在新建的高速公路上。他们一定以每小时至少150公里的速度开车。根据语境“happened to be on the newly-built highway”可知，本处是指当我在高速公路时的时候，是一个时间点，要用进行时。句子叙述的是过去的动作，因此是对过去动作的推测，故用must have been doing。分析选项A. must have been driving是对过去动作的推测，“过去一定正在驾驶”；B. should have been driving为虚拟语气“过去本应驾驶而没做”；C. could have driven也为虚拟语气“过去本来能驾驶而没做”；D. would have driven也为虚拟语气“过去本来会驾驶而没做”。B、C、D三项是对过去动作的虚拟，只有A项是对过去动作的推测，符合题意，故选A。
10．B
【详解】
考查情态动词用法。句意：——我在纽约期间住在一家旅馆里。——哦,是吗?你本可以和我妹妹芭芭拉住在一起。她在曼哈顿市中心有一套很好的公寓。根据题干的时态判断说明是现在谈论过去的事情，因此要用情态动词＋have done 的形式。且根据句意可知表示“本来可以但实际并没有”应用could have done。故选B。
【点睛】
情态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种：
一、must have done sth.一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过…”，在否定句和疑问句中用can't或couldn't或can/ could，例如：
1.From what you said, she must have told you all about it.
从你的话看，她一定告诉了你所有的事情。
2.The light was out. They must have gone to bed.
灯都熄了，他们必定睡了。
3.He must have done it when I was off with those assholes.
他一定是趁我和那群混蛋一起的时候做的。
二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做。
1.But we could have done it all so much better.
但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。
2.If you do a good job, you may tell yourself that it wasn’t good enough or that anyone could have done as well.
比如你完成了一项出色的工作，你或许告诉你自己它不够好，任何人都可以做的像你一样好。
三、can't/couldn't have done sth.不可能做过某事。
1.I could't have done it without you.
若是没有你，我不可能做到那样的。
2.We could't have done it without you.
没有你我们办不成这事。
四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。
1.You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring.
你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。
2.Even if it’s something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on.
甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。
11．A
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家警告说，由于全球变暖，珊瑚礁很可能成为世界上第一个消失的生态系统。当被修饰词前有序数词修饰时，用不定式作后置定语，故A项正确。
12．D
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：格林先生的生意又受了打击，没有勇气再试一次。本句中suffer做非谓语动词与逻辑主语Mr. Green构成主动关系，故用现在分词。且“生意遭受打击”发生在“没有勇气再试一次”之前，故应用having done形式。故选D。
13．B
【详解】
考查with的复合结构和非谓语动词。句意：当我进来时，约翰坐在角落里双手交叉在头上，焦急地等待着最后的结果。分析句子可知，第一空考查with的复合结构，逻辑主语his hands和cross（交叉）之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词crossed作宾补；第二空是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语he和wait之间是主动关系，故用现在分词waiting，故选B项。
【点睛】
本题第一空考查with的复合结构，即with+n/pron.+doing/done/to do ，其中doing, done, to do是宾语补足语，n/pron主动发出动作用doing，n/pron承受动作（被动）用done，动作尚未发生用to do。本题中名词hands承受动作cross，故用crossed。
14．B
【详解】
考查情态动词 + have done的用法。句意：她的同伴一定是跟她开了个玩笑，因为那天她心情不好。A. can’t have played不可能开玩笑；B. must have played一定在开玩笑；
C. should have played本应该开玩笑；D. needn’t have played本不需要开玩笑。表示对过去发生的事情的非常有把握的肯定推测，故选B。
15．D
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：听说他考试不及格，他感到非常难过。he与tell之间是被动关系，而且tell这一动作发生在felt之前，所以用现在分词的完成被动式作状语，故D项正确。
16．B
【详解】
考查独立主格结构和现在分词作状语。句意：近日，香港暴力殴打抢劫犯罪事件发生，造成一名无辜老人死亡，80余人受伤。分析句子可知，第一空，kill的现在分词作结果状语，表主语violent crimes造成的结果，故用killing表示结果状语；第二空，with的复合结构作句子的状语，人们被伤，用 injure的过去分词表被动。故正确答案为B。
【点睛】
with的复合结构是语法中必考点之一。其结构为：with+宾语+宾补。做这类题时考生需分析宾语与动词之间的关系。若是表主动或进行，则用doing;若是表被动或完成，则用done;若是表示将来或目的，则用to do;若是表示宾语的状态，则用介词短语，形容词或副词。
17．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done。句意：“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？”“不，我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” must?have?done?是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”，结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 。故选A项。
18．C
【详解】
考查非谓语动词、语态和虚拟语气。句意：他建议应该要对涉及到的问题给予重视。分析句子可知，宾语从句中的谓语动词是paid，故空格处用非谓语，根据与逻辑主语problems是被动关系，故用过去分词referred to；主句的谓语动词是suggested，表示“建议”，其后面的宾语从句用should do，should可以省略，与主语problems是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。
【点睛】
suggest一般用作及物动词，接名词、代词、动名词、带疑问词的动词不定式或由that/wh-引导的从句作宾语。suggest作“建议”“提议”解后接that从句作宾语时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式；作“表明，暗示”“使想起”等解时，从句中的谓语动词可用陈述式。
19．A
【详解】
考查过去分词。句意：被邀请的人大多数是著名的科学家。Most of the people与invite在逻辑上是被动关系。所以过去分词作定语。故选A项。
20．A
【详解】
考查分词。句意：怀特太太发现她的丈夫周围都是信件和文件，看上去很担心。
分析句子可知，her husband与surround逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词surrounded。与 look逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词looking。故A选项正确。
21．D22．C23．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了竞技秋千这种运动。它的规则非常简单。竞争者们在一定高度的秋千上开始摆动，只要他们能够围绕主轴旋转一圈，就可以尝试挑战高度增长几厘米的秋千，以此往复，取最后一次挑战成功的高度作为最终结果。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段Not only do they still love struggling against gravity, but they actually have created a competitive sport around their favorite entertainment. That sport is known as “kiiking”.（他们不仅仍然喜欢与地心引力作斗争，而且还围绕着他们最喜欢的娱乐活动创造了一项竞争性的运动。这项运动被称为“kiiking”。）可知kiiking是从荡秋千发展而来的。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据第四段Watching kiiking videos might give you the impression that it’s an easy sport, but Laansalu, who has been practicing it since she was 8 years old, says it requires both great physical strength-strong legs and strong arms-and technique-knowing when to stand or sit in the swing chair, when to push yourself over the spindle of the swing and how to avoid injury.（看kiiking的视频可能会给你一种很容易的感觉，但是Laansalu，她从8岁起就开始练习，她说这需要很强的身体力量，强壮的腿和有力的手臂，以及知道什么时候站或坐在秋千椅上，什么时候把自己推过秋千的轴，以及如何避免受伤。）可知比赛者要掌握在秋千上站起来和坐下的时间。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第三段Competitors start swinging at a certain height, and if they can complete a full circuit (圈) around the spindle, they can try to do the same after the swing has been raised a little, and so on. Those who fail to do a full spindle are left with the result of their last successful try.（竞争者们在一定高度的秋千上开始摆动，只要他们能够围绕主轴旋转一圈，就可以尝试挑战高度增长几厘米的秋千，以此往复，取最后一次挑战成功的高度作为最终结果。）可知，选手的成功取决于他完成动作的高度。故选B。
24．D25．C26．A27．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Buy Nothing Day以及它的设立对于我们人类的意义：不要把钱浪费在无用的东西上。
24．推理判断题。本段先说先举例说明每个节日都有它自己的意义，又说现在每个节日似乎都和购物有关，而购物可能会造成大问题，从而引出主题，引出下文内容。故第一段作用为to bring out the topic of the passage，引出文章主题。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段over-consumption is the mother of all our environmental problems...Lasn is the organizer of Buy Nothing Day, a day set up in Canada in 1992 to fight against unhealthy spending habits可知，Lasn认为过度消费是所有环境问题的根源，他成立Buy Nothing Day，旨在与不健康的消费习惯作斗争。故Lasn成立此节日的目的是防止过度消费。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段Record-setting over-consumption means record-setting waste.可知，他认为创纪录的过度消费意味着创纪录的浪费，可知他对购物狂潮（the shopping craze）持反对态度。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。文章主体内容围绕Buy Nothing Day展开，故Buy Nothing Day作为题目更合适。故选B。
28．B29．D30．C31．B
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文，一些人认为国际竞争在某种程度上违背了体育的本质,对此作者举例说明，反驳了这种观点。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself; he has to think only about winning.”可知，代表国家的个人不能考虑自己的快乐，他只能考虑获胜，由此可知，运动员如果只考虑输赢问题，就会失去快乐，故B项正确。
29．主旨大意题。根据第一段内容，特别是“Nowadays, people have a heated discussion on whether the pressure on international sports players kills the essence of sport --- the pursuit of personal excellence.”可知，如今，人们对国际体育运动员的压力是否扼杀了体育的本质——追求个人卓越的追求展开了激烈的讨论，再结合后面的举例可知，本段主要讲的是有些人认为国际竞争在某种程度上与追求个人卓越背道而驰，故D项正确。
30．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Do the Argentinians really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really, but it’s nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.”可知，阿根廷人真的相信，因为他们的11名球员被证明是最擅长足球的，他们的国家在各个方面都比其他国家好吗?不完全是，但很高兴知道你赢了，至少在某种程度上你的国家是最好的，由此可知这句话运用了一种比喻，意思是赢得世界杯使阿根廷在世界上的地位更加重要，故C项正确。
31．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money travelling to Argentina, where the finals were played.” 可知，英国人在1966年获胜后觉得他们的国家在某种程度上很重要，去年，成千上万的苏格兰人卖掉了他们的汽车，甚至他们的房子，把他们所有的钱都花在了去阿根廷看决赛上，这些都是不理智的行为，由此可知画线词词义为“不理智的”，故B项正确。
【点睛】
词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住画线词下文所举的事例是关键，因为这些例子往往是对画线词的举例证明，例如本篇第4题，根据画线词后的“People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money travelling to Argentina, where the finals were played.” 可知，英国人在1966年获胜后觉得他们的国家在某种程度上很重要，去年，成千上万的苏格兰人卖掉了他们的汽车，甚至他们的房子，把他们所有的钱都花在了去阿根廷看决赛上，这两个例子是对画线词的举例证明，说明球迷的行为是不理智的，由此可知画线词词义为“不理智的”。
32．C33．B34．D35．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章简单地介绍了奥黛丽·赫本的生平。
32．
细节理解题。由第二段中的“During World War Ⅱ, she lived and studied in the Netherlands. Her mother thought it would be safe from German attacks.”可知，二战期间，她在荷兰生活和学习。她母亲认为它不会受到德国的攻击。由此可知，奥黛丽在荷兰生活和学习的原因是因为妈妈认为荷兰比较安全，不会受到德国的攻击。故选C项。
33．
细节理解题。由第三段中的“But it was Audrey Hepburn's move to America in 1950s that brought her true fame.”可知，但正是奥黛丽·赫本在1950年代移居美国给她带来了真正的名声。由此可知奥黛丽在1950年代去了美国。故选B项。
34．
细节理解题。由第五段“She was married two times and had one child with each husband. In 1989, the UN Children’s Fund named Audrey a goodwill ambassador. She traveled all over the world in support of UNICEF (联合国儿童基金会) projects. The UN agency said she was a tireless worker. She often gave 15 interviews a day to gain money and support for UNICEF projects.”可知，她结过两次婚，每个丈夫都有一个孩子。1989年，联合国儿童基金会任命奥黛丽为亲善大使。她周游世界，支持联合国儿童基金会的项目。联合国机构说她是一个不知疲倦的工作人员。她经常每天接受15次采访，为儿童基金会的项目争取资金和支持。由此可知，本段提到了奥黛丽·赫本的婚姻，提到了作为她亲善大使的身份，提到了她为儿童基金会项目所做的贡献，宗教未提及。故选D项。
35．
细节理解题。按文章时间顺序，句子先后顺序为，第二段中的“During World War Ⅱ, she lived and studied in the Netherland.及But when she returned to London after the war she realized she wasn’t going to be a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员) 和Later she began to get small parts in movies. (后来她开始在电影中扮演小角色). (二战期间，她在荷兰生活和学习。但当她战后回到伦敦时，她意识到自己不会成为一名芭蕾舞演员)”可知，二战后她从荷兰回到伦敦后第一次开始演电影；第一段中的“Audrey Hepburn (奥黛丽·赫本) won an Academy Award as Best Actress for her first major American movie, Roman Holiday, which was released in 1953.(奥黛丽·赫本，1953年上映的第一部美国电影《罗马假日》获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖)”可知，1953年获得奥斯卡最佳女演员奖；第四段中的“Among her roles, the most popular one was Holly Golightly in Breakfast at Tiffany's in 1961. Three years later she played Eliza Doolittle in My Fair Lady.(在她的角色中，最受欢迎的一个是1961年在《蒂芙尼的早餐》中的霍莉·戈莱特利。三年后，她在《窈窕淑女》中扮演伊丽莎·杜立德)”可知，1964年在《窈窕淑女》中扮演了一个角色；第五段中的“In 1989, the UN Children’s Fund named Audrey a goodwill ambassador. She traveled all over the world in support of UNICEF (联合国儿童基金会) projects.(1989年，联合国儿童基金会任命奥黛丽为亲善大使。她周游世界，支持联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的项目)”可知，1989年她走遍世界各地支持联合国儿童基金会的项目；所以正确顺序为②①③⑤④。故选A项。
36．F37．G38．D39．A40．E
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。随着现代科技的普及，很多书面交流都集中在键盘上，但手写仍然是一项必要和重要的技能，文章对如何练习书法进行了建议。
36．
根据前文“With modern technology becoming popular, much written communication tends to focus on the keyboard, but handwriting is still a necessary and important skill.”（随着现代科技的普及，很多书面交流都集中在键盘上，但手写仍然是一项必要和重要的技能。）可知，此处引入关于书法技巧的话题，所以选项F（书写需要你的大脑、眼睛和手共同协作才能形成字母。）切合文意。故选F。
37．
根据后文“ Look through your writing to decide what makes it difficult to read or what makes it unattractive. ”（浏览你的书写，看看是什么让你的书写很难看，还是什么让你的书写缺乏吸引力。）可知，此处是指检查自己的书写问题。所以选项G（在你改进你的书法之前，你需要知道你的问题在哪里。）切合文意。故选G。
38．
根据中心句“Write Correctly. ”（正确书写）可知，本段是介绍书写的正确方法，所以选项D（用较慢的速度写作也可以帮助你把注意力集中在字母的形成上。）切合文意，根据上文“Lighter pressure on the paper helps you create smooth lines and focus on your letter formation.”在纸上施加较轻的压力，可以帮助你画出平滑的线条，并专注于字母的排列。also表示和前述方法的并列。故选D。
39．
根据后文“Letters are formed from several basic strokes(笔画).”（字母是由几种基本笔画组成的。）和“Build on those to practice specific letters.”（在此基础上练习特定的字母。）可知，此处是指以基本笔画为基础练习。所以选项A（建立在基础上）切合文意，为短文的小标题。故选A。
40．
根据后文“These true and sincere writing opportunities make the practice meaningful.”（这些真实而真诚的写作机会让练习变得有意义。）可知，选项E（邮寄一封手写的信件，给你的朋友或亲戚一个惊喜。）就属于真实而真诚的写作机会，所以选项E切合文意。故选E。
41．B42．A43．D44．A45．C46．D47．A48．C49．C50．B
51．A52．D53．B54．A55．B56．C57．C58．D59．B60．D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者第一次知道马拉松之后，作为女性身体力行参加了马拉松比赛，以此来证明自己，证明女性，此后乐于做一个逐梦人的榜样，做一个乐于风险的人。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在1964年第一次看到波士顿马拉松时，我就爱上了它。我想成为它的一部分，但我不知道我是否能做到。A. failed失败；B. wanted想要；C. refused拒绝；D. managed管理。根据句意可知，当作者第一次看到马拉松比赛时，就想要（want to do）参加比赛。故选B。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1966年2月，我把我的申请寄给波士顿马拉松赛，他们回信说:“从生理上讲，女人是跑不了马拉松的。”A. application申请；B. report报告；C. poems诗、诗人；D. father父亲。根据常识和句意可知，作者将申请（application）寄给马拉松赛。故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我读到这封信时，我想如果我能证明这是一个关于女人的错误观点的话。A. notice告示；B. order命令；C. suggestion建议；D. letter信件。根据上文的they wrote back可知，作者读的是一封回信（letter）。故选D。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想如果我能证明这是一种对女性的错误看法，这将开启一场关于女性不能做的别的事情的讨论。A. mistaken错误的；B. strong强壮的；C. popular流行的；D. basic基础的。根据常识和文意可知，上文提到的关于女性的观点，作者认为是错误的（mistaken）。故选A。
45．考查动词词义和词组辨析。句意：我想如果我能证明这是一种对女性的错误看法，这将开启一场关于女性不能做的别的事情的讨论。A. avoid避免；B. refer to参考；C. open up开启；D. face面对。根据文章内容可知，如果作者能证明这个观点是错的，将开启一场关于女性不能做的别的事情的讨论。故选C。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我乘公共汽车去波士顿，在比赛前一天到达那里。A. trip旅途；B. meeting会议；C. holiday假日；D. race比赛。根据前文可知，作者想成为马拉松的一员，所以此处表示作者提前一天达到比赛（race）地。故选D。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达起跑线时，我知道最重要的是我不应该停下来。A. stopped停止；B. fined罚款；C. replaced代替；D. passed路过。根据文意可知，当作者在起跑线上时，作者认为自己不应该停下里。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了避免被逮捕或被赶下赛道，我把一件蓝色连帽运动衫拉过头顶，头发绑在脑后。A. shoulder肩膀；B. back后背；C. head头；D. neck脖子。根据前文可知，作者为了避免被认出，就将自己的头发绑在脑（head）后。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，砰的一声，但我一直等到剩下了一半，才跳了进去。A. drove驾驶；B. came来；C. jumped跳；D. walked走路。根据文意可知，作者等到剩下一半才开始起跑，此处jump指投入到比赛中。故选C。
50．考查动词词义和词组辨析。句意：尽管我伪装了一下，其他参赛者很快就发现我是个女人。A. admitted承认；B. figured out解决；C. suggested建议；D. pointed to指向；表明。根据前文可知，作者穿着连帽运动衣把头发藏在帽子里，尽管作者进行了伪装，但作者还是被认出（figure out）了。故选B。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们非常支持。A. supportive支持的；B. confused困惑的；C. cheerful兴高采烈的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据Fortunately可知，其他参赛者是非常支持的（supportive）。故选A。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他们，我担心如果官员们发现我是女性，我会被赶出去。A. unhappy不高兴的；B. sorry遗憾的；C. ashamed羞耻的；D. afraid害怕的。根据上文的To avoid being arrested or pulled off the course可知，作者害怕被官员发现。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们说，“我们不会让这种事情发生。这是一条自由的路。"A. continue继续；B. happen发生；C. exist存在；D. remain保持。根据句意可知，作者得到了其他参赛者支持，并表示不会让作者所担心的事情发生（happen）。故选B。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，我脱下了连帽运动衫，每个人都能看出我是个女人。A. took off起飞；B. took away 带走；C. hung up挂起；D. handed out上交。根据下文可知，其他人认出了作者是个女人，说明此处作者脱下了（take off）连帽运动衫，故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后人们“疯”了。他们开始欢呼鼓掌，“加油，姑娘们!”A. angry生气的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. brave勇敢的；D. disappointed失望的。根据文意可知，当人们发现之后，人们“疯”了，开始为女儿鼓掌。故选B。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后我跑到了波士顿，用了3小时21分钟完成了比赛。A. joined加入；B. lost丢失；C. finished完成；D. won赢得。根据文意可知，此处表示作者完成（finish）了比赛。故选C。
57．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我回到波士顿，在1967年和1968年再次参加竞选。A. later之后；B. too也；C. again又；D. once曾经。根据文章的1967和1968可知，作者再次（again）参加马拉松比赛。故选C。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望成为一个追随自己所爱和擅长的人的榜样。A. partner同伴；B. expert 专家；C. supporter 支持者；D. example例子。根据文意可知，作者作为女性参加马拉松比赛开启了比赛的先例，作者希望成为追逐所爱和擅长的人的榜样。故选D。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望成为一个追随自己所爱和擅长的人的榜样。A. need需要；B. love爱；C. have有；D. study学习。根据文意可知，作者想要成为追爱（love）的人的榜样，就像作者热爱马拉松一样。故选B。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想每个人来到这个世界上都是为了有所奉献。A. improve提高；B. gain获得；C. create创造；D. give给予。根据文意可知，作者认为每个人来到世界上都是为了有所贡献（give）。故选D。
第二卷（非选择题）
第一节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
61．planting
62．is
63．to/for
64．to change
65．which
66．commonly
67．unusual
68．a
69．colours
70．decorated
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。作者在短文中介绍了一些可以盆栽的植物。
61．考查动名词。for为介词后接动名词planting作宾语。故填planting。
62．考查主谓一致。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，there be 句型为全部倒装句，主语为a simple solution，所以系动词为is。故填is。
63．考查介词。a solution to /for the problem“问题的解决方案”为固定短语。故填to/for。
64．考查动词不定式。an effort to do sth“努力做某事”为固定短语。故填to change。
65．考查关系代词。分析句子可知，species为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，所以关系代词为which。故填which。
66．考查副词。commonly为副词修饰形容词suggested。故填 commonly。
67．考查形容词。分析句子可知，如果你想尝试一些不寻常的植物，所以用形容词unusual置于something之后来修饰something。故填unusual 。
68．考查冠词。give sth a try “尝试做某事”为固定短语。故填a。
69．考查名词复数。colour为可数名词，由“are”可知，应填复数colours。故填colours。
70．考查非谓语。分析句子可知， branches与decorate在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填decorated。
【点睛】
定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。
(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。
(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
分析句子可知，species为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，所以关系代词为which。故小题5填which 。
第二节、短文改错（共10分）
1. have后加 been 2. examples 前去掉as 3. of后加the 4.that→which 5. agree后加with 6.however→whatever 7.come→came 8.And→But 9.wide→widely 10.learn→learning
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章举例说明了随着互联网的快速发展，越来越多的新词和短语在汉语中产生。
【详解】
1. 考查动词语态。句意：随着互联网的快速发展，越来越多的新词和短语被创造出来。动词create和主语more and more new words and phrases之间是被动关系，句子为现在完成时，应用现在完成时被动语态（have been done）。故在have后加 been。
2考查介词。句意：下面是一些例子。表达“这里是一些例子”为Here are some examples，是倒装句型，some examples“一些例子”为主语，故介词as为多余。故去掉 examples 前as。
3. 考查冠词。句意：最流行的一个词就是“点赞”，当你非常同意某人的观点时，你就会用这个词。形容词最高级前应用定冠词“the”限定。故在of后加the。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：最流行的一个词就是“点赞”，当你非常同意某人的观点时，你就会用这个词。此处为非限定性定语从句，that不能引导非限定性定语从句，先行词Dianzan为“物”，应用which引导。故将that改为which。
5. 考查固定短语。句意：最流行的一个词就是“点赞”，当你非常同意某人的观点时，你就会用这个词。agree是不及物动词， agree with sb.“同意某人”是固定短语。故在agree后加with。
6.考查宾语从句。句意：另一个例子是“任性”。当你说某人是Renxing，你的意思是他们会做任何他们喜欢的事。however不能做like的宾语，whatever引导宾语从句，在从句中作like的宾语，指事物，符合句意。故将however改为whatever。
7. 考查动词时态。句意：“秒杀”一词最初来源于网络购物，意思是你可以比别人先完成购物订单。根据句意和时间状语first可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。 故将come改为came。
8.考查连词。句意：但现在，当你在很短的时间内达到目的时，它被广泛使用。后文“now it’s…”和前文“which means you can complete your shopping orders before others”之间存在转折关系，所以用转折连词But。 故将And改为But。
9.考查副词。句意：但现在，当你在很短的时间内达到目的时，它被广泛使用。修饰动词过去分词used，应用副词。 故将wide改为widely。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：继续学习，你就会更多地了解中国文化。keep doing sth.“坚持做某事；继续做某事”是固定用法。故将learn改为learning。
第三节、任务型写作（共25分）
Dear Tom，
I am delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and here is something about it.
To begin with,a new stadium has been built up，which has well--equipped facilities. Moreover,with the stadium set up, it is big enough to hold all the teachers and students in our school.A wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping--pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I’m crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.
All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
Your,
Li Hua
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给朋友写信向他讲述本校学生的体育运动和锻炼情况。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时
结构：总分
要求：
1. 表明写信目的
2. 本校学生运动和锻炼情况
1）学校建立了新体育馆
2）主要的运动项目
3）喜欢的项目及原因。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
Be delighted to do sth/ set up/ hear from/ a wide range of/ a variety of/ be interested in/ be crazy about/tell sb sth
第三步：连词成句
I am glad to receive your letter.
I will tell you something about our physical exercise that you asked in your last letter.
At first, a new stadium has been built up，which has well--equipped facilities.
A stadium set up, it is large enough to house all the teachers and students in our school, where we can hold many activities which are good for our health.
As for me, I’m crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to be faced with the challenges in my life.
I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）
表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…
状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…
定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…
第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）
【点睛】
范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：To begin with, a new stadium has been built up，which has well--equipped facilities.句中which引导非限制性定语从句；As for me, I’m crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.句中since引导原因状语从句。这些从句的使用，为文章增色不少。
答案第14 1414页，总19 1919页
答案第15 1515页，总19 1919页
2020-2021学年度第二学期
英语试卷
时间：120分钟；满分：150
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一卷（选择题）
第一节、单项选择(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．It is really cold and the ground is wet; it ________ have rained last night.
A．might B．must
C．can D．should
2．What is the best way you can imagine ________ the overuse of water in our school?
A．reduced B．reducing
C．reduce D．to reduce
3． _____ it many times, I still can’t make Tom understand what I said.
A．Explained B．Having explained
C．To explain D．Having been explained
4．No one ____ be more warm-hearted; he has a heart of gold.
A．should B．can C．might D．need
5．One of the meteor (陨石) pieces was found to have crashed into a frozen lake, ________ a six-meter wide hole.
A．left B．leaving C．to leave D．having left
6．The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ______ from butterflies to elephants.
A．to range B．ranged C．ranging D．being ranged
7．You should answer the questions the information on your card.
A．used B．using C．to use D．being used
8．The airport ______ next year will have the capacity to handle 500,000 passengers.
A．to be completed B．being completed C．completed D．having been completed
9．I happened to be on the newly-built highway when that brand-new car went by, followed by a police car. They _____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.
A．must have been driving B．should have been driving
C．could have driven D．would have driven
10．--- I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
--- Oh, did you? You _____ with my sister Barbara. She has a nice apartment in downtown Manhattan.
A．might stay B．could have stayed C．should stay D．must have stayed
11．Scientists have warned that coral reefs are likely to become the world’s first ecosystem ______ because of global warming.
A．to disappear B．Disappearing C．Disappeared D．having disappeared
12．_______ another hit in his business, Mr. Green hasn’t got the courage to try again.
A．Suffering B．Being suffered C．Suffered D．Having suffered
13．When I came in, John was sitting in the corner with his hands ________ on his head, ________ nervously for the final result.
A．crossed, waited B．crossed, waiting C．crossing, waited D．crossing, waiting
14．Her companion_____ a trick on her, for she was not in the mood for everything that day.
A．can’t have played B．must have played
C．should have played D．needn’t have played
15．______ that he didn’t pass the exam, he felt extremely sad.
A．Telling B．Having told C．To be told D．Having been told
16．Recently, violent crimes of beating, looting and burning in Hong Kong broke out, ______ an innocent old man and with more than 80 ______.
A．killed; wounded B．killing; injured C．killed; injuring D．killing; hurt
17．—You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didn't you?
—No, I didn't phone you. It someone else.
A．must have been B．could be C．must be D．could have been
18．He suggested that the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A．referred to being B．refer to being C．referred to be D．referring to be
19．Most of the people _______ to the party were famous scientists.
A．invited B．to invite
C．being invited D．inviting
20．Mrs White found her husband_____by letters and papers and_____very worried.
A．surrounded , looking B．surrounded , looked
C．surrounding, looked D．surrounding, looking
第二节、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
For most of us, swinging (摆动) 360 degrees around the spindle (轴) of a swing set is a distant childhood dream, but for some people in Estonia, it’s what they never grow out of. Not only do they still love struggling against gravity (重力), but they actually have created a competitive sport around their favorite entertainment. That sport is known as “kiiking”.
Swings are deep in Estonian culture, and you can still find various types of swings in villages and towns all around the country. They are used by children and adults alike, either for simple fun, or as a way for communities to bond during celebrations. So maybe it doesn抰 come as a big surprise that Estonia has an extreme sport based on swinging. Some people see it as dull, others as pointless, but to those who practice it, kiiking is the coolest thing in the world.
The rules of kiiking are pretty simple. Competitors start swinging at a certain height, and if they can complete a full circuit (圈) around the spindle, they can try to do the same after the swing has been raised a little, and so on. Those who fail to do a full spindle are left with the result of their last successful try.
Watching kiiking videos might give you the impression that it抯 an easy sport, but Laansalu, who has been practicing it since she was 8 years old, says it requires both great physical strength-strong legs and strong arms-and technique-knowing when to stand or sit in the swing chair, when to push yourself over the spindle of the swing and how to avoid injury.
Small groups of kiikers have been appearing in other countries, including the United States, but now it is still considered as an Estonian sport. There are no international kiiking competitions yet, but Estonia has several national kiiking events throughout the year.
21．What can we know about kiiking?
A．It is very easy and safe.
B．It is intended for children.
C．It is an international sport.
D．It is developed from swinging.
22．What should competitors pay attention to in kiiking according to the text?
A．The strength of the swing.
B．The way to push themselves.
C．The time to stand or sit on the swing.
D．The position where they end the sport.
23．What decides the success in kiiking?
A．The number of circuits he completes.
B．The height where he completes a full circuit.
C．How long it takes to complete a full circuit.
D．How long he performs on the swing.
B
Every festival has its own meaning. Labor Day, for example, celebrates the value of hard work. Thanksgiving is about showing thanks to people around you. And Valentines Day is a time when you express love to your loved ones. But somehow it now seems that all festivals we just care about one thing梥hopping. And that can be a big problem.
“In a way, over -consumption(过度消费) is the mother of all our environmental problems” Kalle Lasn once told CNN. Lasn is the organizer of Buy Nothing Day, a day set up in Canada in 1992 to fight against unhealthy spending habits, and has now become an international event. It’s held on the day, which is known as Black Fridny—a famous shopping day in the US and Canada.
You can see the irony(讽刺)here.
Even though the idea of Buy Nothing Day was brought up 26 years ago, we seem to need it now more than ever. It’s just as Lasn said, all the different kinds of pollution in our lives today bad air quality, the reduction of forest area, endangered animal species, and plastic bags found in the ocean梥eem to be the same cause: over-consumption.
The latest example is the Singles Day shopping craze of Nov 1l, which saw a new sales record. But as Nie Li, a campaigner at Greenpeace, told Reuters. 揜ecord-setting over-consumption means record-setting waste. And it was reported that last year the Singles Day packages left more than 160,000 tons of waste, including plastic and cardboard. The Collins dictionary has also just named 搒ingle-use its Word of the Year, pointing out the problem that there抮e too many things we tow out after only using them once.
So, Buy Nothing Day might only be here for one day a year, but it抯 not just to remind us to the a break from shopping on that day, but to change our lifestyle completely, focusing on fun 搘ith people we care about rather than wasting money on useless things.
24．What’s the authors purpose of writing the first paragraph?
A．To express the people's love for all festivals. B．To talk about the meaning of the festivals.
C．To appreciate the value of the festivals. D．To bring out the topic of the passage.
25．Why did Kalle Lasn organize Buy Nothing Day?
A．To help people save money. B．To cut the cost for daily life.
C．To prevent over-consumption. D．To set up a new sales record.
26．What's Nie Li’s attitude towards the shopping craze?
A．Opposed (反对的). B．Supportive .C．Unknown. D．Neutral(中立的).
27．What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A．Creating a New Lifestyle B．Buy Nothing Day
C．Festivals Around the World D．A Change in People’s Life
C
Nowadays, people have a heated discussion on whether the pressure on international sports players kills the essence of sport --- the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself; he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for the entire nation抯 hopes, dreams and reputation.
A good example is the football World Cup. Football is the world抯 most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he抣l think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map.
Sports fans and supporters get quite irrational about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money travelling to Argentina, where the finals were played.
So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinians really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really, but it抯 nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.
28．According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will ___________.
A．fail to succeed. B．lose enjoyment.
C．achieve success. D．go unreasonable.
29．The main idea of the first paragraph is that ____________.
A．children take part in all kinds of sports because sports activities give them pleasure.
B．competitions between different school teams make sports no longer a personal act for fun.
C．some people believe that international competition makes sports a task, a responsibility, for the individuals.
D．some people think international competition is in a way opposite to the pursuit of personal excellence.
30．What does the speaker mean when he says “In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map”?
A．Winning the World Cup makes Argentina a football power in the world.
B．Argentina is not important before it wins the World Cup.
C．Winning the World Cup gives weight to Argentina’s position in the world.
D．Argentina is world-famous for its football because of its obvious position on the map.
31．The word “irrational” in the third paragraph means __________.
A．passionate, B．unreasonable.
C．angry, D．happy,
D
Audrey Hepburn (奥黛丽·赫本) won an Academy Award as Best Actress for her first major American movie, Roman Holiday, which was released in 1953. But she is remembered as much for her aid work as for her acting.
Born in Belgium in 1929, Audrey’s father was British and her mother was Dutch. Audrey was sent to live at a British school for part of her childhood. During World WarⅡ, she lived and studied in the Netherlands. Her mother thought it would be safe from German attacks. Audrey studied dance as a teenager and during college. But when she returned to London after the war she realized she wasn't going to be a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员). So she began taking acting parts in stage shows. Later she began to get small parts in movies.
But it was Audrey Hepburn’s move to America in 1950s that brought her true fame. In 1951, she played the character “Gigi” in the Broadway play of the same name and received great critical praise. Two years later, Roman Holiday made her a star at the age of 24.
Audrey made more than 25 movies. Among her roles, the most popular one was Holly Golightly in Breakfast at Tiffany抯 in 1961. Three years later she played Eliza Doolittle in My Fair Lady.
She was married two times and had one child with each husband. In 1989, the UN Children’s Fund named Audrey a goodwill ambassador. She traveled all over the world in support of UNICEF (联合国儿童基金会) projects. The UN agency said she was a tireless worker. She often gave 15 interviews a day to gain money and support for UNICEF projects.
Audrey Hepburn often said her loyalty to UNICEF was the result of her experiences as a child during World WarⅡ. She said she knew what it was like to be starving and to be saved by international aid. She was a goodwill ambassador until her death in 1993 from colon cancer.
32．The reason why Audrey lived and studied in the Netherlands was that______.
A．she wanted to be a ballerina B．her parents were from Britain
C．it was safe there D．the education there was excellent
33．We can know from the passage that________.
A．Audrey’s parents lived in Germany during World WarⅡ
B．Audrey went to America in the 1950s
C．Audrey was made to give up dancing
D．the character “Gigi” in the Broadway play was her most popular role
34．___________ is NOT mentioned in the passage about Audrey Hepburn.
A．Marriage B．Identity C．Contribution D．Religion
35．__________is the right order for Audrey’s life.
①The first time she began to play in movies.
②She returned to London from the Netherlands.
③She won an Academy Award as Best Actress.
④She traveled all over the world in support of UNICEF projects.
⑤She played a part in My Fair Lady.
A．②①③⑤④ B．①②③⑤④ C．②①⑤③④ D．①②⑤③④
第三节、七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With modern technology becoming popular, much written communication tends to focus on the keyboard, but handwriting is still a necessary and important skill. 36． Here are some tips for you to improve your handwriting.
Examine Your Handwriting. 37． ?Look through your writing to decide what makes it difficult to read or what makes it unattractive. Perhaps you write your letters too small. Check on spacing of letters and words, and proper formation of letters. If your letters are small, put more effort into writing larger letters. If you are stuck by certain letters, practice those letters separately and within words.
Write Correctly. Positioning and technique play a role in how your handwriting looks. Hold the pen between your thumb and first two fingers so that it rests against your fingers. Hold it firmly enough to control the tip but not so hard that it hurts your fingers. Lighter pressure on the paper helps you create smooth lines and focus on your letter formation. 38．
39． Letters are formed from several basic strokes(笔画). Practice those strokes separately to get your hand used to forming them. Strokes found in letters include vertical lines, horizontal lines, and circles. Build on those to practice specific letters.
Write for a Purpose. Teach young children handwriting in meaningful contexts. Use that same idea by picking up a pen to write lists and notes by hand instead of typing. Keep a journal daily with slow, correct strokes. 40． These true and sincere writing opportunities make the practice meaningful.
A．Build on Basics.
B．Practice makes perfect.
C．Focus on improving your correctness instead of speed.
D．Writing at a slower speed also helps you focus on letter formation.
E．Put a handwritten letter in the mail to surprise a friend or a relative.
F．Handwriting requires your brain, eyes and hands to work together to form letters.
G．Before you can improve your handwriting, you need to know where your problem lies.
第四节、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I first saw the Boston Marathon in 1964, I just fell in love with it. I 41 to be part of it, but I didn’t know if I could do it. It was totally outside of the social norm (正常行为) for a woman to be running in those days.
In February, 1966，I sent my 42 to the Boston Marathon and they wrote back, saying, “Women are not physiologically (生理上) able to run a marathon.” When I read the 43 ，I thought if I could prove that this was a 44 view about women, it was going to 45 the discussion of what else we thought women could not do. So I took the bus to Boston and got there the day before the 46 .
When I got to the starting line, I knew the most important thing was that I should not be 47 . To avoid being arrested or pulled off the course，I had a blue hooded (带风帽的) sweatshirt pulled up over my 48 with my hair tied back. Then, there was the bang, but I waited until about half the pack left－then I 49 in.
Even though I was disguised (伪装)，the other runners 50 very quickly that I was a woman. Fortunately, they were very 51 . I told them that I was 52 I would be thrown out if officials saw that I was a woman. But they said, “We won’t let that 53 . It's a free road. ” That’s when I 54 the hooded sweatshirt and everyone could see I was a woman. Then people went 55 . They started shouting and clapping, 揥ay to go, girlie!
Finally I ran into Boston and 56 the race in 3 hours and 21 minutes.
I went back to Boston and ran 57 in 1967 and 1968. I hope to be a(n) 58 of someone who follows what they 59 and what they抮e good at. I think everyone came to this world to 60 something.
41．A．failed B．wanted C．refused D．managed
42．A．application B．report C．poems D．father
43．A．notice B．order C．suggestion D．letter
44．A．mistaken B．strong C．popular D．basic
45．A．avoid B．refer to C．open up D．face
46．A．trip B．meeting C．holiday D．race
47．A．stopped B．fined C．replaced D．passed
48．A．shoulder B．back C．head D．neck
49．A．drove B．came C．jumped D．walked
50．A．admitted B．figured out C．suggested D．pointed to
51．A．supportive B．confused C．cheerful D．surprised
52．A．unhappy B．sorry C．ashamed D．afraid
53．A．continue B．happen C．exist D．remain
54．A．took off B．took away C．hung up D．handed out
55．A．angry B．crazy C．brave D．disappointed
56．A．joined B．lost C．finished D．won
57．A．later B．too C．again D．once
58．A．partner B．expert C．supporter D．example
59．A．need B．love C．have D．study
60．A．improve B．gain C．create D．give
第二卷（非选择题）
第一节、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。
As we head towards midwinter all seems quiet in the garden, but now is the perfect time for 61． (plant) a tree. Are you worrying about not having the space? Are you gardening on concrete? There 62． (be) a simple solution 63． the problems: grow a small tree in a pot. This is often overlooked, so in an effort 64． (change)that, here is a list of the best species for pot growing, 65． will work well in even the tiniest of the city gardens.
The most 66． (common) suggested candidate for this treatment is an olive(橄榄树)---and with good reason. They are evergreen and have character from a young age.
If you want something 67． (usual), I’d give dwarf eucalypus 68． try. Eucalypus kybeannensis is much slower growing than its cousins, creating an airy treetop of fragrant leaves on trees just 5m tall.
Finally, if bright 69． (colour) are more your thing, you can choose Cercis canadensis “Forest Pansy”(加拿大红叶紫荆). It is clothed all summer in rich and heart-shaped leaves with bare branches 70． (decorate) with pink flowers in the spring.
第二节、短文改错（共10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
As the Internet is developing fast, more and more new words and phrases have created in Chinese. Here are some as examples.
One of most popular words are Dianzan, that is often used when you quite agree someone. Another example is Renxing. When you say somebody is Renxing, you mean that they will do however they like. The phrase Miaosha first come from online shopping, which means you can complete your shopping orders before others. And now it抯 wide used when you achieve your purpose in a very short time. If you describe somebody as a Tuhao, you mean that he or she is very rich.
You can find lots of such new Chinese words. Keep learn and you抣l know more about Chinese culture.
第三节、任务型写作（共25分）
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信询问你校学生的体育运动和身体锻炼情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1．学校建立了新体育馆；
2．主要的运动项目；
3．你喜欢的项目及原因。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
参考答案
第一卷（选择题）
1．B
【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了……”表示对过去十分有把握的推测，故选B。
【点睛】
must have done用法辨析
must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。
He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。
Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. [该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.]
The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。
如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：
They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。
中国学生的常见病句是：They...; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）
2．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：你能想象到的减少我们学校滥用水的最好的方法是什么？分析句子结构可知，you can imagine是插入语，way后常接动词不定式或of doing sth.作定语，故选D。
3．B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：?尽管我已经解释过很多次了，我还是不能让 Tom 明白我说的话。explain和主语I之间为逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词形式；由逻辑关系：先解释后明白，应使用到现在分词的完成式形式，所以选择B项。故选B项。
【点睛】
分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式。
4．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词的用法。句意：不可能有比他更暖心的人了；他有颗善良的心。A. should应该；B. can/could +否定词+比较级，相当于最高级，是固定搭配；C. might 表示“大 概”、“可能”，语气较弱；D. need 表示“需要”。根据句意可知选B。
5．B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其中一颗陨石碎片被发现坠入冰冻的湖中，留下一个6米宽的洞。One of the meteor pieces与leave之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果，故B项正确。
6．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查现在分词作状语。句意：国家公园里有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。这句话中谓语动词为has，所以空格处的填非谓语动词。“range from…to…”意为“从……到……（的范围）”，与其逻辑主语a large collection of wildlife之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选C。
7．B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你应该用卡上的信息来回答问题。本句中use做非谓语动词，做方式状语，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬应用-ing形式，you与use构成主动关系，故选B。
8．A
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：明年建成的机场能容纳50万名乘客。根据“next year”可知，动作发生在将来，而且表示被动，应该用不定式的被动形式作后置定语，故A项正确。
9．A
【详解】
考查对过去动作的推测。句意：当那辆崭新的汽车开过，后面还跟着一辆警车，我碰巧正在新建的高速公路上。他们一定以每小时至少150公里的速度开车。根据语境“happened to be on the newly-built highway”可知，本处是指当我在高速公路时的时候，是一个时间点，要用进行时。句子叙述的是过去的动作，因此是对过去动作的推测，故用must have been doing。分析选项A. must have been driving是对过去动作的推测，“过去一定正在驾驶”；B. should have been driving为虚拟语气“过去本应驾驶而没做”；C. could have driven也为虚拟语气“过去本来能驾驶而没做”；D. would have driven也为虚拟语气“过去本来会驾驶而没做”。B、C、D三项是对过去动作的虚拟，只有A项是对过去动作的推测，符合题意，故选A。
10．B
【详解】
考查情态动词用法。句意：——我在纽约期间住在一家旅馆里。——哦,是吗?你本可以和我妹妹芭芭拉住在一起。她在曼哈顿市中心有一套很好的公寓。根据题干的时态判断说明是现在谈论过去的事情，因此要用情态动词＋have done 的形式。且根据句意可知表示“本来可以但实际并没有”应用could have done。故选B。
【点睛】
情态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种：
一、must have done sth.一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过…”，在否定句和疑问句中用can't或couldn't或can/ could，例如：
1.From what you said, she must have told you all about it.
从你的话看，她一定告诉了你所有的事情。
2.The light was out. They must have gone to bed.
灯都熄了，他们必定睡了。
3.He must have done it when I was off with those assholes.
他一定是趁我和那群混蛋一起的时候做的。
二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做。
1.But we could have done it all so much better.
但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。
2.If you do a good job, you may tell yourself that it wasn’t good enough or that anyone could have done as well.
比如你完成了一项出色的工作，你或许告诉你自己它不够好，任何人都可以做的像你一样好。
三、can't/couldn't have done sth.不可能做过某事。
1.I could't have done it without you.
若是没有你，我不可能做到那样的。
2.We could't have done it without you.
没有你我们办不成这事。
四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。
1.You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring.
你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。
2.Even if it’s something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on.
甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。
11．A
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家警告说，由于全球变暖，珊瑚礁很可能成为世界上第一个消失的生态系统。当被修饰词前有序数词修饰时，用不定式作后置定语，故A项正确。
12．D
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：格林先生的生意又受了打击，没有勇气再试一次。本句中suffer做非谓语动词与逻辑主语Mr. Green构成主动关系，故用现在分词。且“生意遭受打击”发生在“没有勇气再试一次”之前，故应用having done形式。故选D。
13．B
【详解】
考查with的复合结构和非谓语动词。句意：当我进来时，约翰坐在角落里双手交叉在头上，焦急地等待着最后的结果。分析句子可知，第一空考查with的复合结构，逻辑主语his hands和cross（交叉）之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词crossed作宾补；第二空是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语he和wait之间是主动关系，故用现在分词waiting，故选B项。
【点睛】
本题第一空考查with的复合结构，即with+n/pron.+doing/done/to do ，其中doing, done, to do是宾语补足语，n/pron主动发出动作用doing，n/pron承受动作（被动）用done，动作尚未发生用to do。本题中名词hands承受动作cross，故用crossed。
14．B
【详解】
考查情态动词 + have done的用法。句意：她的同伴一定是跟她开了个玩笑，因为那天她心情不好。A. can’t have played不可能开玩笑；B. must have played一定在开玩笑；
C. should have played本应该开玩笑；D. needn’t have played本不需要开玩笑。表示对过去发生的事情的非常有把握的肯定推测，故选B。
15．D
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：听说他考试不及格，他感到非常难过。he与tell之间是被动关系，而且tell这一动作发生在felt之前，所以用现在分词的完成被动式作状语，故D项正确。
16．B
【详解】
考查独立主格结构和现在分词作状语。句意：近日，香港暴力殴打抢劫犯罪事件发生，造成一名无辜老人死亡，80余人受伤。分析句子可知，第一空，kill的现在分词作结果状语，表主语violent crimes造成的结果，故用killing表示结果状语；第二空，with的复合结构作句子的状语，人们被伤，用 injure的过去分词表被动。故正确答案为B。
【点睛】
with的复合结构是语法中必考点之一。其结构为：with+宾语+宾补。做这类题时考生需分析宾语与动词之间的关系。若是表主动或进行，则用doing;若是表被动或完成，则用done;若是表示将来或目的，则用to do;若是表示宾语的状态，则用介词短语，形容词或副词。
17．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done。句意：“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？”“不，我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” must?have?done?是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”，结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 。故选A项。
18．C
【详解】
考查非谓语动词、语态和虚拟语气。句意：他建议应该要对涉及到的问题给予重视。分析句子可知，宾语从句中的谓语动词是paid，故空格处用非谓语，根据与逻辑主语problems是被动关系，故用过去分词referred to；主句的谓语动词是suggested，表示“建议”，其后面的宾语从句用should do，should可以省略，与主语problems是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。
【点睛】
suggest一般用作及物动词，接名词、代词、动名词、带疑问词的动词不定式或由that/wh-引导的从句作宾语。suggest作“建议”“提议”解后接that从句作宾语时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式；作“表明，暗示”“使想起”等解时，从句中的谓语动词可用陈述式。
19．A
【详解】
考查过去分词。句意：被邀请的人大多数是著名的科学家。Most of the people与invite在逻辑上是被动关系。所以过去分词作定语。故选A项。
20．A
【详解】
考查分词。句意：怀特太太发现她的丈夫周围都是信件和文件，看上去很担心。
分析句子可知，her husband与surround逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词surrounded。与 look逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词looking。故A选项正确。
21．D22．C23．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了竞技秋千这种运动。它的规则非常简单。竞争者们在一定高度的秋千上开始摆动，只要他们能够围绕主轴旋转一圈，就可以尝试挑战高度增长几厘米的秋千，以此往复，取最后一次挑战成功的高度作为最终结果。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段Not only do they still love struggling against gravity, but they actually have created a competitive sport around their favorite entertainment. That sport is known as “kiiking”.（他们不仅仍然喜欢与地心引力作斗争，而且还围绕着他们最喜欢的娱乐活动创造了一项竞争性的运动。这项运动被称为“kiiking”。）可知kiiking是从荡秋千发展而来的。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据第四段Watching kiiking videos might give you the impression that it’s an easy sport, but Laansalu, who has been practicing it since she was 8 years old, says it requires both great physical strength-strong legs and strong arms-and technique-knowing when to stand or sit in the swing chair, when to push yourself over the spindle of the swing and how to avoid injury.（看kiiking的视频可能会给你一种很容易的感觉，但是Laansalu，她从8岁起就开始练习，她说这需要很强的身体力量，强壮的腿和有力的手臂，以及知道什么时候站或坐在秋千椅上，什么时候把自己推过秋千的轴，以及如何避免受伤。）可知比赛者要掌握在秋千上站起来和坐下的时间。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第三段Competitors start swinging at a certain height, and if they can complete a full circuit (圈) around the spindle, they can try to do the same after the swing has been raised a little, and so on. Those who fail to do a full spindle are left with the result of their last successful try.（竞争者们在一定高度的秋千上开始摆动，只要他们能够围绕主轴旋转一圈，就可以尝试挑战高度增长几厘米的秋千，以此往复，取最后一次挑战成功的高度作为最终结果。）可知，选手的成功取决于他完成动作的高度。故选B。
24．D25．C26．A27．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Buy Nothing Day以及它的设立对于我们人类的意义：不要把钱浪费在无用的东西上。
24．推理判断题。本段先说先举例说明每个节日都有它自己的意义，又说现在每个节日似乎都和购物有关，而购物可能会造成大问题，从而引出主题，引出下文内容。故第一段作用为to bring out the topic of the passage，引出文章主题。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段over-consumption is the mother of all our environmental problems...Lasn is the organizer of Buy Nothing Day, a day set up in Canada in 1992 to fight against unhealthy spending habits可知，Lasn认为过度消费是所有环境问题的根源，他成立Buy Nothing Day，旨在与不健康的消费习惯作斗争。故Lasn成立此节日的目的是防止过度消费。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段Record-setting over-consumption means record-setting waste.可知，他认为创纪录的过度消费意味着创纪录的浪费，可知他对购物狂潮（the shopping craze）持反对态度。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。文章主体内容围绕Buy Nothing Day展开，故Buy Nothing Day作为题目更合适。故选B。
28．B29．D30．C31．B
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文，一些人认为国际竞争在某种程度上违背了体育的本质,对此作者举例说明，反驳了这种观点。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself; he has to think only about winning.”可知，代表国家的个人不能考虑自己的快乐，他只能考虑获胜，由此可知，运动员如果只考虑输赢问题，就会失去快乐，故B项正确。
29．主旨大意题。根据第一段内容，特别是“Nowadays, people have a heated discussion on whether the pressure on international sports players kills the essence of sport --- the pursuit of personal excellence.”可知，如今，人们对国际体育运动员的压力是否扼杀了体育的本质——追求个人卓越的追求展开了激烈的讨论，再结合后面的举例可知，本段主要讲的是有些人认为国际竞争在某种程度上与追求个人卓越背道而驰，故D项正确。
30．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Do the Argentinians really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really, but it’s nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.”可知，阿根廷人真的相信，因为他们的11名球员被证明是最擅长足球的，他们的国家在各个方面都比其他国家好吗?不完全是，但很高兴知道你赢了，至少在某种程度上你的国家是最好的，由此可知这句话运用了一种比喻，意思是赢得世界杯使阿根廷在世界上的地位更加重要，故C项正确。
31．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money travelling to Argentina, where the finals were played.” 可知，英国人在1966年获胜后觉得他们的国家在某种程度上很重要，去年，成千上万的苏格兰人卖掉了他们的汽车，甚至他们的房子，把他们所有的钱都花在了去阿根廷看决赛上，这些都是不理智的行为，由此可知画线词词义为“不理智的”，故B项正确。
【点睛】
词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住画线词下文所举的事例是关键，因为这些例子往往是对画线词的举例证明，例如本篇第4题，根据画线词后的“People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money travelling to Argentina, where the finals were played.” 可知，英国人在1966年获胜后觉得他们的国家在某种程度上很重要，去年，成千上万的苏格兰人卖掉了他们的汽车，甚至他们的房子，把他们所有的钱都花在了去阿根廷看决赛上，这两个例子是对画线词的举例证明，说明球迷的行为是不理智的，由此可知画线词词义为“不理智的”。
32．C33．B34．D35．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章简单地介绍了奥黛丽·赫本的生平。
32．
细节理解题。由第二段中的“During World War Ⅱ, she lived and studied in the Netherlands. Her mother thought it would be safe from German attacks.”可知，二战期间，她在荷兰生活和学习。她母亲认为它不会受到德国的攻击。由此可知，奥黛丽在荷兰生活和学习的原因是因为妈妈认为荷兰比较安全，不会受到德国的攻击。故选C项。
33．
细节理解题。由第三段中的“But it was Audrey Hepburn's move to America in 1950s that brought her true fame.”可知，但正是奥黛丽·赫本在1950年代移居美国给她带来了真正的名声。由此可知奥黛丽在1950年代去了美国。故选B项。
34．
细节理解题。由第五段“She was married two times and had one child with each husband. In 1989, the UN Children’s Fund named Audrey a goodwill ambassador. She traveled all over the world in support of UNICEF (联合国儿童基金会) projects. The UN agency said she was a tireless worker. She often gave 15 interviews a day to gain money and support for UNICEF projects.”可知，她结过两次婚，每个丈夫都有一个孩子。1989年，联合国儿童基金会任命奥黛丽为亲善大使。她周游世界，支持联合国儿童基金会的项目。联合国机构说她是一个不知疲倦的工作人员。她经常每天接受15次采访，为儿童基金会的项目争取资金和支持。由此可知，本段提到了奥黛丽·赫本的婚姻，提到了作为她亲善大使的身份，提到了她为儿童基金会项目所做的贡献，宗教未提及。故选D项。
35．
细节理解题。按文章时间顺序，句子先后顺序为，第二段中的“During World War Ⅱ, she lived and studied in the Netherland.及But when she returned to London after the war she realized she wasn’t going to be a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员) 和Later she began to get small parts in movies. (后来她开始在电影中扮演小角色). (二战期间，她在荷兰生活和学习。但当她战后回到伦敦时，她意识到自己不会成为一名芭蕾舞演员)”可知，二战后她从荷兰回到伦敦后第一次开始演电影；第一段中的“Audrey Hepburn (奥黛丽·赫本) won an Academy Award as Best Actress for her first major American movie, Roman Holiday, which was released in 1953.(奥黛丽·赫本，1953年上映的第一部美国电影《罗马假日》获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖)”可知，1953年获得奥斯卡最佳女演员奖；第四段中的“Among her roles, the most popular one was Holly Golightly in Breakfast at Tiffany's in 1961. Three years later she played Eliza Doolittle in My Fair Lady.(在她的角色中，最受欢迎的一个是1961年在《蒂芙尼的早餐》中的霍莉·戈莱特利。三年后，她在《窈窕淑女》中扮演伊丽莎·杜立德)”可知，1964年在《窈窕淑女》中扮演了一个角色；第五段中的“In 1989, the UN Children’s Fund named Audrey a goodwill ambassador. She traveled all over the world in support of UNICEF (联合国儿童基金会) projects.(1989年，联合国儿童基金会任命奥黛丽为亲善大使。她周游世界，支持联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的项目)”可知，1989年她走遍世界各地支持联合国儿童基金会的项目；所以正确顺序为②①③⑤④。故选A项。
36．F37．G38．D39．A40．E
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。随着现代科技的普及，很多书面交流都集中在键盘上，但手写仍然是一项必要和重要的技能，文章对如何练习书法进行了建议。
36．
根据前文“With modern technology becoming popular, much written communication tends to focus on the keyboard, but handwriting is still a necessary and important skill.”（随着现代科技的普及，很多书面交流都集中在键盘上，但手写仍然是一项必要和重要的技能。）可知，此处引入关于书法技巧的话题，所以选项F（书写需要你的大脑、眼睛和手共同协作才能形成字母。）切合文意。故选F。
37．
根据后文“ Look through your writing to decide what makes it difficult to read or what makes it unattractive. ”（浏览你的书写，看看是什么让你的书写很难看，还是什么让你的书写缺乏吸引力。）可知，此处是指检查自己的书写问题。所以选项G（在你改进你的书法之前，你需要知道你的问题在哪里。）切合文意。故选G。
38．
根据中心句“Write Correctly. ”（正确书写）可知，本段是介绍书写的正确方法，所以选项D（用较慢的速度写作也可以帮助你把注意力集中在字母的形成上。）切合文意，根据上文“Lighter pressure on the paper helps you create smooth lines and focus on your letter formation.”在纸上施加较轻的压力，可以帮助你画出平滑的线条，并专注于字母的排列。also表示和前述方法的并列。故选D。
39．
根据后文“Letters are formed from several basic strokes(笔画).”（字母是由几种基本笔画组成的。）和“Build on those to practice specific letters.”（在此基础上练习特定的字母。）可知，此处是指以基本笔画为基础练习。所以选项A（建立在基础上）切合文意，为短文的小标题。故选A。
40．
根据后文“These true and sincere writing opportunities make the practice meaningful.”（这些真实而真诚的写作机会让练习变得有意义。）可知，选项E（邮寄一封手写的信件，给你的朋友或亲戚一个惊喜。）就属于真实而真诚的写作机会，所以选项E切合文意。故选E。
41．B42．A43．D44．A45．C46．D47．A48．C49．C50．B
51．A52．D53．B54．A55．B56．C57．C58．D59．B60．D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者第一次知道马拉松之后，作为女性身体力行参加了马拉松比赛，以此来证明自己，证明女性，此后乐于做一个逐梦人的榜样，做一个乐于风险的人。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在1964年第一次看到波士顿马拉松时，我就爱上了它。我想成为它的一部分，但我不知道我是否能做到。A. failed失败；B. wanted想要；C. refused拒绝；D. managed管理。根据句意可知，当作者第一次看到马拉松比赛时，就想要（want to do）参加比赛。故选B。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1966年2月，我把我的申请寄给波士顿马拉松赛，他们回信说:“从生理上讲，女人是跑不了马拉松的。”A. application申请；B. report报告；C. poems诗、诗人；D. father父亲。根据常识和句意可知，作者将申请（application）寄给马拉松赛。故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我读到这封信时，我想如果我能证明这是一个关于女人的错误观点的话。A. notice告示；B. order命令；C. suggestion建议；D. letter信件。根据上文的they wrote back可知，作者读的是一封回信（letter）。故选D。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想如果我能证明这是一种对女性的错误看法，这将开启一场关于女性不能做的别的事情的讨论。A. mistaken错误的；B. strong强壮的；C. popular流行的；D. basic基础的。根据常识和文意可知，上文提到的关于女性的观点，作者认为是错误的（mistaken）。故选A。
45．考查动词词义和词组辨析。句意：我想如果我能证明这是一种对女性的错误看法，这将开启一场关于女性不能做的别的事情的讨论。A. avoid避免；B. refer to参考；C. open up开启；D. face面对。根据文章内容可知，如果作者能证明这个观点是错的，将开启一场关于女性不能做的别的事情的讨论。故选C。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我乘公共汽车去波士顿，在比赛前一天到达那里。A. trip旅途；B. meeting会议；C. holiday假日；D. race比赛。根据前文可知，作者想成为马拉松的一员，所以此处表示作者提前一天达到比赛（race）地。故选D。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达起跑线时，我知道最重要的是我不应该停下来。A. stopped停止；B. fined罚款；C. replaced代替；D. passed路过。根据文意可知，当作者在起跑线上时，作者认为自己不应该停下里。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了避免被逮捕或被赶下赛道，我把一件蓝色连帽运动衫拉过头顶，头发绑在脑后。A. shoulder肩膀；B. back后背；C. head头；D. neck脖子。根据前文可知，作者为了避免被认出，就将自己的头发绑在脑（head）后。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，砰的一声，但我一直等到剩下了一半，才跳了进去。A. drove驾驶；B. came来；C. jumped跳；D. walked走路。根据文意可知，作者等到剩下一半才开始起跑，此处jump指投入到比赛中。故选C。
50．考查动词词义和词组辨析。句意：尽管我伪装了一下，其他参赛者很快就发现我是个女人。A. admitted承认；B. figured out解决；C. suggested建议；D. pointed to指向；表明。根据前文可知，作者穿着连帽运动衣把头发藏在帽子里，尽管作者进行了伪装，但作者还是被认出（figure out）了。故选B。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们非常支持。A. supportive支持的；B. confused困惑的；C. cheerful兴高采烈的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据Fortunately可知，其他参赛者是非常支持的（supportive）。故选A。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他们，我担心如果官员们发现我是女性，我会被赶出去。A. unhappy不高兴的；B. sorry遗憾的；C. ashamed羞耻的；D. afraid害怕的。根据上文的To avoid being arrested or pulled off the course可知，作者害怕被官员发现。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们说，“我们不会让这种事情发生。这是一条自由的路。"A. continue继续；B. happen发生；C. exist存在；D. remain保持。根据句意可知，作者得到了其他参赛者支持，并表示不会让作者所担心的事情发生（happen）。故选B。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，我脱下了连帽运动衫，每个人都能看出我是个女人。A. took off起飞；B. took away 带走；C. hung up挂起；D. handed out上交。根据下文可知，其他人认出了作者是个女人，说明此处作者脱下了（take off）连帽运动衫，故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后人们“疯”了。他们开始欢呼鼓掌，“加油，姑娘们!”A. angry生气的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. brave勇敢的；D. disappointed失望的。根据文意可知，当人们发现之后，人们“疯”了，开始为女儿鼓掌。故选B。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后我跑到了波士顿，用了3小时21分钟完成了比赛。A. joined加入；B. lost丢失；C. finished完成；D. won赢得。根据文意可知，此处表示作者完成（finish）了比赛。故选C。
57．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我回到波士顿，在1967年和1968年再次参加竞选。A. later之后；B. too也；C. again又；D. once曾经。根据文章的1967和1968可知，作者再次（again）参加马拉松比赛。故选C。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望成为一个追随自己所爱和擅长的人的榜样。A. partner同伴；B. expert 专家；C. supporter 支持者；D. example例子。根据文意可知，作者作为女性参加马拉松比赛开启了比赛的先例，作者希望成为追逐所爱和擅长的人的榜样。故选D。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望成为一个追随自己所爱和擅长的人的榜样。A. need需要；B. love爱；C. have有；D. study学习。根据文意可知，作者想要成为追爱（love）的人的榜样，就像作者热爱马拉松一样。故选B。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想每个人来到这个世界上都是为了有所奉献。A. improve提高；B. gain获得；C. create创造；D. give给予。根据文意可知，作者认为每个人来到世界上都是为了有所贡献（give）。故选D。
第二卷（非选择题）
第一节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
61．planting
62．is
63．to/for
64．to change
65．which
66．commonly
67．unusual
68．a
69．colours
70．decorated
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。作者在短文中介绍了一些可以盆栽的植物。
61．考查动名词。for为介词后接动名词planting作宾语。故填planting。
62．考查主谓一致。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，there be 句型为全部倒装句，主语为a simple solution，所以系动词为is。故填is。
63．考查介词。a solution to /for the problem“问题的解决方案”为固定短语。故填to/for。
64．考查动词不定式。an effort to do sth“努力做某事”为固定短语。故填to change。
65．考查关系代词。分析句子可知，species为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，所以关系代词为which。故填which。
66．考查副词。commonly为副词修饰形容词suggested。故填 commonly。
67．考查形容词。分析句子可知，如果你想尝试一些不寻常的植物，所以用形容词unusual置于something之后来修饰something。故填unusual 。
68．考查冠词。give sth a try “尝试做某事”为固定短语。故填a。
69．考查名词复数。colour为可数名词，由“are”可知，应填复数colours。故填colours。
70．考查非谓语。分析句子可知， branches与decorate在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填decorated。
【点睛】
定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。
(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。
(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
分析句子可知，species为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，所以关系代词为which。故小题5填which 。
第二节、短文改错（共10分）
1. have后加 been 2. examples 前去掉as 3. of后加the 4.that→which 5. agree后加with 6.however→whatever 7.come→came 8.And→But 9.wide→widely 10.learn→learning
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章举例说明了随着互联网的快速发展，越来越多的新词和短语在汉语中产生。
【详解】
1. 考查动词语态。句意：随着互联网的快速发展，越来越多的新词和短语被创造出来。动词create和主语more and more new words and phrases之间是被动关系，句子为现在完成时，应用现在完成时被动语态（have been done）。故在have后加 been。
2考查介词。句意：下面是一些例子。表达“这里是一些例子”为Here are some examples，是倒装句型，some examples“一些例子”为主语，故介词as为多余。故去掉 examples 前as。
3. 考查冠词。句意：最流行的一个词就是“点赞”，当你非常同意某人的观点时，你就会用这个词。形容词最高级前应用定冠词“the”限定。故在of后加the。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：最流行的一个词就是“点赞”，当你非常同意某人的观点时，你就会用这个词。此处为非限定性定语从句，that不能引导非限定性定语从句，先行词Dianzan为“物”，应用which引导。故将that改为which。
5. 考查固定短语。句意：最流行的一个词就是“点赞”，当你非常同意某人的观点时，你就会用这个词。agree是不及物动词， agree with sb.“同意某人”是固定短语。故在agree后加with。
6.考查宾语从句。句意：另一个例子是“任性”。当你说某人是Renxing，你的意思是他们会做任何他们喜欢的事。however不能做like的宾语，whatever引导宾语从句，在从句中作like的宾语，指事物，符合句意。故将however改为whatever。
7. 考查动词时态。句意：“秒杀”一词最初来源于网络购物，意思是你可以比别人先完成购物订单。根据句意和时间状语first可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。 故将come改为came。
8.考查连词。句意：但现在，当你在很短的时间内达到目的时，它被广泛使用。后文“now it’s…”和前文“which means you can complete your shopping orders before others”之间存在转折关系，所以用转折连词But。 故将And改为But。
9.考查副词。句意：但现在，当你在很短的时间内达到目的时，它被广泛使用。修饰动词过去分词used，应用副词。 故将wide改为widely。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：继续学习，你就会更多地了解中国文化。keep doing sth.“坚持做某事；继续做某事”是固定用法。故将learn改为learning。
第三节、任务型写作（共25分）
Dear Tom，
I am delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and here is something about it.
To begin with,a new stadium has been built up，which has well--equipped facilities. Moreover,with the stadium set up, it is big enough to hold all the teachers and students in our school.A wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping--pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I’m crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.
All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
Your,
Li Hua
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给朋友写信向他讲述本校学生的体育运动和锻炼情况。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时
结构：总分
要求：
1. 表明写信目的
2. 本校学生运动和锻炼情况
1）学校建立了新体育馆
2）主要的运动项目
3）喜欢的项目及原因。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
Be delighted to do sth/ set up/ hear from/ a wide range of/ a variety of/ be interested in/ be crazy about/tell sb sth
第三步：连词成句
I am glad to receive your letter.
I will tell you something about our physical exercise that you asked in your last letter.
At first, a new stadium has been built up，which has well--equipped facilities.
A stadium set up, it is large enough to house all the teachers and students in our school, where we can hold many activities which are good for our health.
As for me, I’m crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to be faced with the challenges in my life.
I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）
表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…
状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…
定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…
第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）
【点睛】
范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：To begin with, a new stadium has been built up，which has well--equipped facilities.句中which引导非限制性定语从句；As for me, I’m crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.句中since引导原因状语从句。这些从句的使用，为文章增色不少。
答案第14 1414页，总19 1919页
答案第15 1515页，总19 1919页
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