2021年外研版英语中考专题复习讲义：数词（含答案）

中考英语复习专题—数词
学员姓名：
年
级：初三
课
时
数：3
辅导科目：英语
学科教师：
讲义审核：
授课主题
初中语法专题—精明能干的数词
教学目标
1掌握基数词与序数词的拼写区别
2掌握基数词与序数词的用法
教学重难点
掌握基数词与序数词的常考点：编号，年龄，分数，年代等
授课日期及时段
教学内容
—
Excuse
me,
sir.
Here’s
a
package
for
Lin
Tao.
Which
room
does
he
live
in?
—
—————.
A.308
Room
B.
Room
308
C.
The
Room
308
D.
The
308
Room
2.
It's
never
too
old
to
learn.
Karl
Marx
began
to
learn
English
in
his______.
A.
the
fiftieth
B.
fiftieth
C.
fifty
D.
fifties
3.
I
live
in
Room
403,
Sam
lives
in
the
room
right
above
mine,
on
the
_____
floor.
A.third
B.three
C.fifth
D.five
4.
Please
turn
to
page______and
take
a
look
at
the
picture
on
it.[]
A.
the
eightieth
B.
eightieth
C.
eighties
D.
eighty
5.
Two
months
ago,
China
tested
its
__________
aircraft
carrier
(航空母舰)
built
completely
on
its
own.
A.
one
B.
first
C.
the
one
D.
the
first
6.
According
to
a
survey,?four
out
of
five
women
do
housework
at
home,?but
only____of
men
would
do
it．
A．four
fifth
???B．four
fifths
???C．two
fifth
???D．two
fifths
7.
We
are
proud
of
our
country.
The
year
2019
is
her
____
birthday.
A.
seventy
B.
the
seventy
C.
the
seventieth
D.
seventieth
以上为广东省近几年的数词考题，请总结各题考点分别是什么，以初步了解数词的考察方向。
“编号”（房号），年龄，“编号”（楼层），“编号”（页码），“编号”（次数），分数，“编号”（次数）
知识梳理
1数词的概念与分类
2基数词的构成与用法
3序数词的构成与用法
4数词的常考点
专题精讲
数词的概念与分类
表示事物的数量和顺序的词，分基数词和序数词。可用来标记编号、年份、时间、长度、温度、面积等。
表示数量多少的词叫基数词，如one，two等。
表示顺序的词叫序数词，如first，second等。
基数词的构成及用法
◎
基数词主要用于表达确切的数量。
I
make
nine
hundred
dollars
a
week./
Their
son
is
twelve.
◎
基数词1-99的构成
1~12逐个记：one,
two,
three,
four,
five,
six,
seven,
eight,
nine,
ten,
eleven,
twelve。
（2）13~19以-teen结尾：thirteen,
fourteen,
fifteen,
sixteen,
seventeen,
eighteen,
nineteen
（3）20~90以-ty结尾。twenty,
thirty,
forty,
fifty,
sixty,
seventy,
eighty,
ninety
（4）21~99十位数+个位数，中间加上连字符“-”：21
twenty-one
36
thirty-six
98
ninety-eight
基数词101-999的构成
在hundred后加and，hundred不用复数：200
two
hundred
158
one
hundred
and
fifty-eight
基数词1001-9999的构成
在hundred后加and，thousand不用复数：2000
two
thousand
1581
one
thousand
five
hundred
and
eighty-one
英语中无“万”“十万”的写法！！！
五位数以上的数词构成
billion（十亿）;
million（百万）;
thousand（千）;
hundred（百）
123
456
789
读作（one
hundred
and
twenty-three）
million
（four
hundred
and
fifty-six）
thousand
（seven
hundred
and
eighty-nine）
【对点练习】
1．The
number“23,456”
can
be
read
as
"
______
".
A
A．
twenty-three
thousand,
four
hundred
and
fifty-six
B．
twenty-three
thousand
and
four
hundred
fifty-six
C．
two
three
thousand
and
four
five
six
D．
two
three
thousand,
four
and
five
six
◎
基数词重点考点
表示具体的数目时，hundred,
thousand,
million（不加-s）。如：two
hundred,
seven
million等。
表示不确定的数目时，用hundreds,
thousands（即加-s）加介词of来表示。
如：Hundreds
of
people
were
reported
killed
or
wounded.
【对点练习】
1．Two________foreign
visitors
were
invited
to
the
opening
ceremony
last
Saturday.
A．
hundred
B．
hundreds
C．
hundred
of
D．
hundreds
of
2．Nowadays,
farmers
leave
their
hometown
to
search
for
work
in
the
cities.
A．
million
of
B．
two
millions
C．
millions
of
D．
two
millions
of
3．I’ve
told
him
of
that
______,
but
he
always
forget
it.
A．
a
hundred
time
B．
hundred
times
C．
hundred
of
times
D．
hundreds
of
times
答案：ACD
【解析】
1句意：上星期六有二百个外国游客被邀请参加开幕式。当hundred前面有具体数字时，不用复数，也不与of连用，，故答案为A。
句意：如今，成千上万的农民离开家乡去城里寻找工作。hundred、thousand、million等前面有具体数字或a
few/several等修饰时，词尾一般不加-s，表示确指概念，排除B答案；当前面没有具体数字，词尾要加-s，且与of连用。根据句意，本句不是确指，故答案选C。
句意：我已经告诉他好几百次了，但是他总是忘记。根据hundred百，前面有数量词时，不用复数，后面有of时，要用复数，表示成百上千；time次，可数名词；故选D
序数词的构成和用法
◎序数词的构成
基数词变序数词：
基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。（包括百千：hundredth,thousandth,millionth）
一二三特殊记，八加h，九去e。
ve要用f替，以y结尾变成ie，后跟th莫忘记。
如想表示几十几，前用基词后用序。
◎序数词的常见用法
序数词前一般加定冠词the。
In
the
first
year,
all
students
take
five
courses.
序数词前有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格修饰时，不能再用定冠词the。
She
was
born
in
Chongqing,
but
Chengdu
has
become
her
second
hometown.
若表示“另一个”则加不定冠词a或an。
与最高级连用
【对点练习】
1．This
is
___
family
photo,
I
took
it
on
her
mother’s
______
birthday.
A．
Mary;
forty
B．
Mary’s;
fortieth
C．
Mary;
fortieth
D．
Mary’s;
forties
2．—How
old
is
your
son?
—________.
We
had
a
special
party
for
his
________
birthday
yesterday.
A．
Nine；nine
B．
Ninth；nine
C．
Nine；the
ninth
D．
Nine；ninth
3．Two
months
ago，China
tested
its
________
aircraft
carrier(航空母舰）
built
completely
on
its
own.
A．
one
B．
first
C．
the
one
D．
the
first
4．Today
is
my
cousin’s
____birthday.
I
am
going
to
his
birthday
party
tonight.
A．
nineteenth
B．
the
nineteenth
C．
nineteen
5．The____biggest
earthquakes
in
Nepal(尼泊尔)have
killed
more
than
8,000,people.
A．
two
B．
second
C．
twice
答案：BDBAB
【解析】1.句意：这是Mary的家庭照片，我在她妈妈四十岁生日的时候拍摄的。Mary是一个女孩的名字，玛丽；Mary’s是名词所有格形式，“Mary的…”；forty四十，基数词；fortieth第四十，序数词；forties是复数形式。第一个空后有名词family
photo，故应填名词所有格，作定语修饰这个名词；第二个空表示的是“…岁生日”，应用序数词，故选B。
2.句意：——你儿子多大？——9岁，昨天我们为他举行了一个特殊的聚会。几岁用基数词，几岁的生日用序数词；故选D
3.句意：两个月前，中国完全靠自己进行了第一次航空母舰建造。考查数词辨析。one一，表数量；first第一，表顺序，前面加定冠词the，但如有代词修饰则不加。根据句意，本题中表顺序，前面有物主代词its修饰，故选B。
4.句意：今天是我表弟的第十九个生日。我今晚要去参加他的生日晚会。考查序数词辨析。A.
nineteenth第十九；B.
the
nineteenth第十九；C.
nineteen十九。结合句意和语境用序数词，序数词前一般加the，但是名词前有物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，不用冠词。结合句意和语境可知选A。
5.句意：尼泊尔的第二次大地震死了8000多人。two两个，二，是基数词；
second第二，是序数词；
twice两次，是量词。根据
the
+序数词+最高级，可知此处用序数词。故选B。
数词的常考点
“编号”的表达：“名词+基数词”（首字母要大写）=“the+序数词+名词”（首字母不大写）
Lesson
One/
Lesson
1/
the
first
lesson
第一课
Unit
3/
Unit
Three/
the
third
unit
第三单元
the
fifth
floor
五楼
Room
301
301房
Page
20
第20页
No.1
Middle
School
第一中学
No.
5
bus
5路车
【对点练习】
1．—How
do
you
keep
fit?—I
live
on________
floor.
I
walk
upstairs
instead
of
taking
the
lift
every
day.
A．
twelve
B．
the
twelve
C．
the
twelfth
2.---Jack,
I
want
to
go
to
______
to
see
a
dentist..
Could
you
tell
me
the
address
?
----No
problem.
A.
Room
606
B.
No.2
Hospital
C.
Fifth
Avenue
答案：CB
【解析】1.句意：﹣你如何保持健康？﹣我住在第十二楼，我每天走楼梯代替乘电梯。
twelve
基数词，十二；
twelfth序数词，第十二；the
twelfth
floor第十二层。故选：C。
2.表示编号既可以用基数词来表示，
也可以用序数词。用基数词编号时，须按照“单数名词+基数词”，注意名词的第一个字母须大写；用序数词表编号时，
则用“the
+序数词+单数名词”形式。如：Class
6=the
sixth
class(第六班)。本题句意为：杰克，我想去第二医院看牙医，你能告诉我第二医院的地址吗？
没问题。故选答案B。
“时刻”的表达。
（1）整点：7:00
seven
o’clock
（o’clock可以省略）
（2）几点几分：9:43
nine
forty-three
（用基数词读出）
①表示“几点过几分”（小于30分钟）：可用“分钟+past+小时”。
15分钟可用a
quarter
表示，半小时可用half来表示。
例：ten
past
two,
a
quarter
past
nine,
half
past
eight
②表示“差几分几点”（小于30分钟）：可用“分钟+to+小时”。
例：差2分钟2点（即：1:58）：two
to
two
【对点练习】
1．A
quarter
to
four
is
_____.
A．
3:15
B．
3:45
C．
4:15
【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：差一刻钟到四点怎样写？分钟+past/to+小时的具体用法是：分钟≦30，用past；分钟>30，用介词to，前面的分算成差多少分到下一个整点（也就是：60-分），后面的时是下一个整点（也就是：时+1）。A
quarter
to
four
中用的介词to，说明分是：差一刻钟到整点，即：60-15=45分；时要少1，即：4-1＝3。所以时间是：3：45，故选B。
“分数”的表达。
（1）基数词+序数词。分子用基数在前，分母用序数在后。分子大于1时，分母用复数。
例：三分之一one
third
十分之七
seven
tenths
（2）分数修饰名词时，后用of短语，作主语时，谓语动词数与名词数保持一致。
如：Two
thirds
of
the
river
is
polluted.
这条河的三分之二受到了污染。
One
third
of
the
apples
are
yours.三分之一的苹果是你的。
Two
fifths
of
the
work
has
been
done.五分之二的工作已完成。
【对点练习】
1．There
are
______
days
in
March
and
the
______day
is
Women’s
Day.
A．
thirty-one,
eighth
B．
thirty-first,
eighth
C．
thirty-one
,
eight
2．一Mom,
of
my
classmates
glasses.
一Oh,
my
God.
You
need
to
protect
your
eyes
well.
A．
three
fourths;
wears
B．
three
fourth;
wear
C．
three
fourth;
wears
D．
three
fourths;
wear
答案：AD
【解析】1.试题分析：在3月有31天，其中第八天是妇女节。第一空days前用基数词；第二空前有the，用序数词。故选A。
2.句意：﹣﹣妈妈，我四分之三的同学都戴眼镜。﹣﹣哦，天啊，你得好好保护你的眼睛。分数的表达法为：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于一，分母加s，所以四分之三的表达方法为three﹣fourths。分数作主语时，其后的谓语动词的单复数取决于它所修饰的名词，此处的classmates是可数名词复数形式，所以第二个空缺处应用动词的非第三人称单数形式wear，故选D。
“百分数”的表达
（1）基数词+percent
例：85%
eighty-five
percent
15.23%
fifteen
point
two
three
percent
（2）分数修饰名词时，后用of短语，作主语时，谓语动词数与名词保持一致。
如：Eighty
percent
of
the
river
is
polluted.
这条河的三分之二受到了污染。
“复合形容词”的表达
基数词+名词(+形容词)
有连字符“-”，作定语。在这种复合词中，名词不能用复数。
a
five-year-old
boy一个五岁的男孩
a
two-day
holiday一个两天的假期
the
boys’
800-meter
race男子800米比赛
【注意】其他用法
(1)“another＋基数词＋名词复数”＝“基数词＋more＋名词复数”表示在一定基础上再增加一定的数量。
(2)基数词＋度量单位＋形容词(long/wide/deep/high…)表示计量。
【对点练习】
1．—How
long
is
the
bridge?—About
______
long.
A．
two
thousand
meter
B．
two
thousand
meters
C．
two
thousands
meter
D．
two
thousands
meters
2．—
Did
you
go
to
bed
early
last
night?
—No.
I
watched
a
_____
movie,
so
I
didn't
go
to
bed
until
11
o’clock.
A．
3-hours
B．
3-hours’
C．
3-hour’s
D．
3-hour
3.
He
is
still
hungry
and
wants
another
______
apples.
A．three
B．third
C．thirds
D．threes
4.
Do
you
think
there
is
any
room
for
us
______？
A．two
B．the
two
C．second
D．the
second
答案：BDAA
“年代”的表达
in+the+数词的复数
如：the
21st
century
二十一世纪（用序数词表达）
the
nineties九十年代（用基数词复数表达）
in
the
1990s
(nineteen
nineties)
20世纪90年代
日期：1999年12月25日：December
(the
)twenty-fifth,
nineteen
ninety-nine
（日用序数词）
(年用基数词，分二位读)
年龄的表达
（1）表达某人的确切年龄，用“基数词”。
例：My
sister
is
sixteen.
（2）表达不确切的年龄，用“in+物主代词+数词的复数形式”，表示“在某人几十岁时”，
如：in
her
forties
在她四十多岁时
【对点练习】
1．
of
Mo
Yan’s
works
were
written
in
his
.
A．
Two
thirds,
forties
B．
Two
third,
forties
C．
Three
quarters,
fortieth
D．
Three
fourth,
forties
2．It’s
my
daughter’s
birthday
today.
She’s
___________years
old.
A．
eighteen
B．
eighteenth
C．
the
eighteen
D．
the
eighteenth
3.---How
old
is
Mary?
----______.
We
had
a
special
party
for
her
_______
birthday
yesterday.
A.
Twenty;
twentieth
B.
Twenty;
twenty
C.
Twenties;
twentieth
答案：AAA
货币表达法
符号+基数词
?
9.80读作nine
yuan
eighty
fen
?
7.35读作seven
pounds
thirty-five
pence
$
28.50读作twenty-eight
dollars
fifty
cents
(
)1.
During
the
May
Day
holiday,
_____
visitors
came
to
visit
the
Memorial
Hall
of
Flying
Tigers.
thousand
of
B.
thousand
C.
thousands
D.
thousands
of
(
)2.
---If
your
parents
wanted
to
have
a
______
child,
would
you
agree?
---Of
course.
But
they
should
make
it
in
_____
yeas’
time.
second;
second
B.
two;
two
C.
second;
two
D.
two;second
(
)3.
---
What
do
you
think
the
environment
here?
　　　---
Wonderful!
_____
of
the
land
_____
covered
with
trees
and
grass.
Two
fifths;
is
B.
Two
fifth;
is
C.
Two
fifths;
are
D.
Two
fifth;
are
(
)4.
Please
turn
to
Page
_____
and
take
a
look
at
the
picture
on
it.
the
Eightieth
B.
Eightieth
C.
Eighties
D.
Eighty
(
)5.
We
are
going
on
holiday
in
the
_____
week
of
July.
two
B.
twice
C.
second
D.
/
(
)6.
I
have
already
tried
twice.
Now
let
me
have
_____,
will
you?
the
third
try
B.
a
third
try
C.
third
try
D.
this
third
try
(
)7.
Usually
children
have
____
holiday
in
summer.
an
8-week
B.
a
8-week
C.
an
8-weeks
D.
a
8-weeks
(
)8.
It’s
my
_____
time
to
come
to
the
bookshop
this
month
because
most
of
the
book
in
it
are
my
favourite.
forth
B.
four
C.
fourth
D.
the
fourth
(
)9.
A
quarter
to
four
is
_____.
3:15
B.
3:45
C.
4:15
D.
2:45
(
)10.
Unit
_____
is
easy
but
_____
unit
is
difficult.
Sixth;
seven
B.
Six;
seven
C.
Sixth;
the
seventh
D.
Six;
the
seventh
答案：CCADC
BACAD
基数词
序数词
例子
编号
编号
the
first
unit=Unit
One
分子
分母
one
fifth
几十岁（用复数）
in
one's
thirties
几十年代（用复数）
in
the
nineties
年
日
October
1st
,2018
几点几刻
nine
forty-three
几岁
第几岁
nine
years
old/
the
ninth
birthday
1．---
About
________
of
the
students
in
our
class
were
born
under
the
Year
Horse.
---
Oh,
that
is
to
say
they
were
born
in
________.
A．
four-fifths;
2002
B．
four-fifths;
the
2000
C．
four-fifth;
the
2000s
D．
four-fifth;
2002
2．The
ice
and
snow
in
Harbin
is
beautiful,
so
every
winter
tourists
come
here.
A．
two
million
of
B．
millions
of
C．
million
of
3．Today
is
Jack's
birthday.
He
is
________
years
old
now.
A．
fourteenth
B．
fourteen
C．
the
fourteenth
D．
the
fourteen
4．—England
is
becoming
a
popular
tourist
destination
now.
—I
think
so.
________people
come
here
every
summer
vacation.
A．
Hundreds
and
thousands
of
B．
Hundred
and
thousand
of
C．
Hundreds
and
thousands
5．—Mother’s
Day
is
celebrated
across
the
world
on
the
Sunday
in
May.
—That’s
right.
People
show
their
love
for
their
mothers
by
giving
some
presents.
A．
first
B．
second
C．
third
D．
last
6．Susan's
mother
looks
so
young.
It's
hard
to
imagine
she's
already
in
her
______.
A．
sixty
B．
sixties
C．
sixtieth
7．—How
many
friends
will
come
to
your
________birthday?—
About
________.
A．
fifteen;
fifteen
B．
fifteenth;
fifteenth
C．
fifteen;
fifteenth
D．
fifteenth;
fifteen
8．This
Saturday
is
my
________
birthday.
Welcome
to
my
party!
A．
fourteenth
B．
the
fourteenth
C．
fourteen
D．
the
fourteen
9．Rose
received
a
letter
full
of
love
from
her
parents
on
her
______
birthday.
A．
.sixteen
B．
sixteen’s
C．
sixteenth
D．
sixteenths
10．-Tony,
where
is
your
new
classroom?-It's
on
the
_
floor
A．
three
B．
third
C．
one
third.
11．Jack
is
nine
years
old.
Today
is
his
birthday.
A．
nine
B．
ninth
C．
nineth
D．
ninety
12．—
Nowadays
China
has
about
25,000
kilometers
of
high-speed
railways.
—
That's
of
the
world's
total.
A．
two
third
B．
two-third
C．
two
thirds
D．
two
three
It's
never
too
old
to
learn.
Karl
Marx
began
to
learn
English
in
his　　　　.?
A.
the
fiftieth
B.
fiftieth
C.
fifty
D.
fifties
14.
Lindu's
mother
looks
young,but
actually
she
is
in
her
　　　　.?
A.
sixties
B.
sixtieth
C.
sixty
years
old
15.
—How
many
people
were
invited
to
the
meeting?
—About
six
　　　　.?
A.
hundred
B.
hundreds
C.
hundred
of
D.
hundreds
of
答案：ABBAB
BDACB
BCDAA