2021届高考英语二轮复习专题：天天练题型三完型填空课件（7份打包）

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第二节　上下前后看语境
完形填空题主要考查考生对语境的理解能力，所以空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)。考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。
[方法点津]　
完形填空所选文章是一个完整的语篇，因此必须结合上下文语境进行综合考虑。做题时应该把握好文章的主线和上下文的内在联系，切勿断章取义，就题论题，忽略上下文的信息提示。
[典例剖析]
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ节选)I
hate
lying
to
the
kids.One
day
they'll
47.wake
up
and
discover
that
everything
they've
always
known
about
windows
is
a
48
.
48．A.dream　　　　　　
B．lie
C．Fantasy
D．fact
[答题思路]本题可以利用上文语境解题。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。dream梦想；lie谎言；fantasy幻想；fact事实。根据“I
hate
lying
to
the
kids.”以及前文作者把门说成窗户可知，这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B。
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ节选)Back
home,
Ehlers
was
troubled
by
that
45.lost
dog.So,
four
days
later,
he
called
his
friend
Greg,
and
the
two
drove
46
.After
a
long
and
careful
47.search,
Greg
saw,
across
a
field,
the
dog
moving
48.cautiously
away.Ehlers
eventually
succeeded
in
coaxing
the
animal
to
him.
46．A.home
B．past
C．back
D．on
[答题思路]本题可以利用上下文语境解题。根据本段的第一句中的back
home可知，Ehlers已经回到家，再根据后文把小狗哄到他的身边可推知他又回到了发现小狗的地方，故用back表示开车回去找小狗，故选C项。
A
(2020·河北石家庄市综合训练一)My
carpenter
is
a
competent,
even
gifted
craftsman.But
my
old
house
still
makes
him
feel
1
.It
was
2
well
over
a
century
ago,
probably
by
very
poor
people,
and
it
3
.My
carpenter's
4
to
me:
“Move
out.”
What
he
doesn't
5
is
that
I
like
it
here.It's
my
home's
imperfections
that
make
it
interesting.
This
very
thought
6
me
just
the
other
day
while
I
was
sitting
at
the
counter
in
a
bar.The
bar
opened
in
1931,
and
little
about
its
7
has
changed
over
the
years.The
long
countertop
has
been
bent
and
worn
down
to
its
bedrock
so
8
.Once
a
visitor
asked
the
owner
9
why
he
hadn't
10
it.Not
missing
a
beat
and
being
a
man
after
my
own
heart,
the
11
remarked,
“Do
you
know
how
many
elbows
it
took
to
get
it
this
way？”
That's
it,
then.An
imperfect
product,
like
a
perfect
one,
is
also
the
12
of
our
labor,
and
as
such
it
needs
to
be
13
for
what
it
is,
rather
than
what
it
isn't.
I'm
14
that,
at
root,
my
carpenter
15
realizes
this.Recently,
while
making
a
new
skylight
(天窗)
in
my
home,
he
16
wood
and
had
to
take
a
piece
from
my
scrap
(废料)
pile.The
“
17
”
was
that
my
son,
when
he
was
little,
had
burned
his
name
into
the
board
with
a
magnifying
glass.“I'm
sorry
I
had
to
use
scrap，”
said
the
carpenter
as
we
looked
up
at
the
burnt
18
，
“but
I
didn't
think
you'd
19
.Does
it
look
OK？”
“Oh，yes，”
I
assured
him
as
I
admired
his
handwork.“It's
20
.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一个木匠帮作者修缮旧房子的故事。木匠建议作者搬出去，而作者很喜欢老房子，最后木匠也理解了作者的意图。不完美的产品和完美的产品一样，都是我们劳动的结果，因此，它应该为“它是什么”而不是“它不是什么”而受到赞赏。
1．A.delighted　　　　　　
　
B．hopeless
C．embarrassed
D．confident
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是我的老房子仍然让他感到无可救药。A.delighted高兴的；B.hopeless无可救药的；C.embarrassed为难的；D.confident自信的。根据下文“My
carpenter's
4
to
me：‘Move
out.’”说明，房子的状况不好，让他感到无可救药(hopeless)。故选B。
答案：B
2．A.rented
B．sold
C．built
D．purchased
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：房子呈现出来的是它建于一个世纪以前，也许是由穷人建造的。A.rented租；B.sold卖；C.built建造；D.purchased购买。根据“well
over
a
century
ago,
probably
by
very
poor
people”，作者的老房子建(build)于一个世纪以前。故选C。
答案：C
3．A.shows
B．stands
C．shines
D．improves
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.shows展现；B.stands站立；C.shines闪耀；D.improves证明。根据下文“and
little
about
its
7
has
changed
over
the
years”房子的外观展现出(show)可能是什么人建造的房子以及建造的年代。故选A。
答案：A
4．A.attitude
B．response
C．offer
D．advice
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：木匠的建议是搬出去。A.attitude态度；B.response回应；C.offer提议；D.advice建议。房子是作者的，木匠只是在提建议(advice)，建议作者搬出去。故选D。
答案：D
5．A.predict
B．understand
C．guarantee
D．prove
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不能理解的是我喜欢它。A.predict预言；B.understand理解；C.guarantee保证；D.prove证明。根据上文“My
carpenter's
4
to
me:
‘Move
out.’”说明木匠不理解(understand)作者住老房子。故选B。
答案：B
6．A.dawned
on
B．stood
for
C．depended
on
D．waited
for
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：前几天，我坐在酒吧的柜台前时，突然明白了这个想法。A.dawned
on明白；B.stood
for代表；C.depended
on依靠；D.waited
for等。根据上下文可知，是作者在另一个地方听到店主对旧吧台的评价后，明白了(dawn
on)人们为什么喜欢旧的东西。故选A。
答案：A
7．A.guests
B．service
C．drinks
D．appearance
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家酒吧1931年开业，这些年来它的外观几乎没有变化。A.guests客人；B.service服务；C.drinks饮料；D.appearance外貌。根据下文“The
long
countertop
has
been
bent
and
worn
down
to
its
bedrock
so
8
.”说明是酒吧的外貌(appearance)。故选D。
答案：D
8．A.fast
B．slightly
C．much
D．easily
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：长长的工作台面已经弯得很厉害，磨成了基岩。A.fast快地；B.slightly轻微地；C.much很，非常；D.easily容易地。根据上文“bent
and
worn
down
to
its
bedrock”说明磨损得厉害(much)。故选C。
答案：C
9．A.abruptly
B．curiously
C．rudely
D．seriously
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：曾经，一个访客好奇地问老板，为什么不把它换掉。A.abruptly突然地；B.curiously好奇地；C.rudely粗鲁地；D.seriously严重地。游客看到吧台老旧，出于好奇(curiously)问老板。故选B。
答案：B
10．A.replaced
B．attended
C．decorated
D．withdrawn
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经，一个访客好奇地问老板，为什么不把它换掉。A.replaced替换；B.attended参加；C.decorated装饰；D.withdrawn收回。老旧的东西，按常理来说需要被换掉(replace)。故选A。
答案：A
11．A.carpenter
B．visitor
C．owner
D．boy
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：店主毫不犹豫地说出了自己的心里话：“你知道这得用多少胳膊肘才能弄成这样吗？”A.carpenter木匠；B.visitor参观者；C.owner拥有者，主人；D.boy男孩。前文“Once
a
visitor
asked
the
owner”说明，是酒吧老板(owner)在回答。故选C。
答案：C
12．A.purpose
B．price
C．result
D．copy
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不完美的产品，和完美的产品一样，都是我们劳动的结果，因此，它应该为“它是什么”而不是“它不是什么”而受到赞赏。A.purpose目的；B.price价格；C.result结果；D.copy复制品。不完美的产品和完美的产品一样，都是我们劳动的结果。故选C。
答案：C
13．A.transformed
B．checked
C．fixed
D．admired
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.transformed改变；B.checked检查；C.fixed修理；D.admired赞赏。前文“Once
a
visitor
asked
the
owner
9
why
he
hadn't
10
it.Not
missing
a
beat
and
being
a
man
after
my
own
heart,
the
11
remarked”说明，老板赞赏这个老旧的吧台。故选D。
答案：D
14．A.regretful
B．certain
C．fearful
D．guilty
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确定，从根本上说，我的木匠意识到了这一点。A.regretful后悔的；B.certain确定的；C.fearful害怕的；D.guilty内疚的。根据下文“at
root,
my
carpenter
15
realizes
this”说明确定的(certain)事情。故选B。
答案：B
15．A.also
B．even
C．still
D．never
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.also也；B.even甚至；C.still仍然；D.never从未。作者自己意识到了，木匠也(also)意识到了。故选A。
答案：A
16．A.cut
up
B．used
up
C．put
away
D．gave
away
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近，在给我家做新天窗时，木头用完了，他要从废料中拿一块。A.cut
up切碎；B.used
up用完；C.put
away储存；D.gave
away泄露。根据下文“had
to
take
a
piece
from
my
scrap
pile”说明新的用完(use
up)了。故选B。
答案：B
17．A.advantage
B．meaning
C．difficulty
D．problem
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是我的儿子，在他小时候，用放大镜把他的名字刻在了板上。A.advantage优势；B.meaning意义；C.difficulty困难；D.problem问题。根据下文“my
son,
when
he
was
little,
had
burned
his
name
into
the
board
with
a
magnifying
glass”可知，问题是我的儿子，在他小时候，用放大镜把他的名字刻在了板上。故选D。
答案：D
18．A.letters
B．pile
C．walls
D．glass
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们看着刻的字时，木匠说很抱歉我不得不用这个废品，但是我认为你不会介意的。A.letters字母；B.pile堆；C.walls墙；D.glass玻璃。前文“had
burned
his
name
into
the
board
with
a
magnifying
glass”说明看的是由字母(letter)组成的名字。故选A。
答案：A
19．A.enjoy
B．change
C．mind
D．compromise
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.enjoy享受；B.change改变；C.mind介意；D.compromise妥协。这里是木匠征求作者的意见，看作者介不介意(mind)自己用。故选C。
答案：C
20．A.reasonable
B．worthwhile
C．bearable
D．perfect
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很完美。A.reasonable合理的；B.worthwhile值得的；C.bearable可以承受的；D.perfect完美的。根据“I
admired
his
handwork”可知，很完美。故选D。
答案：D
B
(2020·云南红河州高三检测)Last
month,
I
had
the
chance
to
speak
at
a
meeting
in
San
Diego.It
was
very
1
because
for
the
first
time,
I
was
able
to
2
in
front
of
a
large
group
of
people
without
any
panic.
During
my
first
public
speaking
event,
I
read
it
over
and
over
again,
and
3
speaking
the
words
exactly
as
they
were
written.But
it
was
where
I
made
a
4
—
I
held
on
to
the
words
exactly
as
they
were
written.So,
when
the
time
5
for
me
to
talk
and
words
didn't
come
out
exactly
as
planned,
I
was
clearly
6
.
After
my
first
speaking
event,
I
quickly
7
I
was
afraid
of
speaking
in
public.And
I
knew
the
only
way
for
me
to
overcome
that
fear
would
be
8
practice.Therefore,
I
9
doing
“Behind
the
Cover”
video
interviews
that
made
me
10
my
thoughts
on
camera.Since
I
wasn't
in
front
of
the
11
，
if
I
made
a
mistake
I
could
just
start
over
again.
At
first,
I
always
made
mistakes.During
the
first
six
months
of
video
12
，
it
took
me
five
or
six
tries
to
speak
13
，which
often
let
me
depressed.But
today,
I
usually
14
it
on
the
first
or
second
try.Of
course,
the
videos
aren't
the
15
thing
as
speaking
in
front
of
the
audience,
but
they
help
me
16
the
fear
of
speaking
to
the
audience.I
also
17
at
any
chance
I
had
to
speak
in
public,
no
matter
how
much
it
frightened
me.
18
the
famous
saying
goes,
“Practice
makes
perfect.”
I
knew
I'd
never
get
19
if
I
let
my
fear
keep
me
away
from
public
speaking.
So
I
just
20
doing
it.Each
time
I
got
better,
I
became
more
comfortable.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过克服演讲恐惧症，明白了唯有练习才能克服心中的恐惧，并一直坚持，成为更好的自己。
1．A.embarrassing　　　　　　
B．meaningful
C．moving
D．frightening
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是非常有意义的，因为我第一次能够在一大群人面前演讲，没有感到丝毫恐慌。A.embarrassing令人尴尬的；B.meaningful
有意义的；C.moving令人感动的；D.frightening令人害怕的。根据下文“for
the
first
time,
I
was
able
to
2
in
front
of
a
large
group
of
people
without
any
panic
(因为这是我第一次能够没有恐惧，在一大群人面前演讲)”可知，这件事对于作者而言是很有意义的。故选B项。
答案：B
2．A.inform
B．mention
C．whisper
D．speak
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.inform通知；B.mention提及，谈到；C.whisper耳语；D.speak演讲。结合上文“Last
month,
I
had
the
chance
to
speak
at
a
meeting
in
San
Diego.(上个月，我有机会在圣地亚哥的一个会议上演讲)”可知，此处是在一大群人面前演讲。故选D项。
答案：D
3．A.admired
B．repaired
C．practiced
D．managed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的第一次公开演讲中，我一遍又一遍地读和练习，使说的话与写的单词一模一样。A.admired钦佩，羡慕；B.repaired修理；C.practiced练习；
D．managed管理。根据上文“During
my
first
public
speaking
event,
I
read
it
over
and
over
again(在我的第一次公开演讲中，我一遍又一遍地读)”可知，
作者一遍又一遍地练习。故选C项。
答案：C
4．A.conclusion
B．plan
C．decision
D．mistake
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但那是我犯错误的地方——我一模一样地把那些单词读出来。A.conclusion结论；B.plan计划；C.decision决定；D.mistake错误。根据下文“So,
when
the
time
5
for
me
to
talk
and
words
didn't
come
out
exactly
as
planned,
I
was
clearly
6
.(所以，当我说话的时候，并没有完全按照计划把那些语句说出来，我显然是十分惊慌失措的)”可知，作者一模一样地把那些单词读出来是作者出错的地方。故选D项。
答案：D
5．A.came
B．recycled
C．aroused
D．ignored
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我演讲的时候，单词不像我所计划的那样确切地出现在我的脑海里，我显然是十分惊慌失措的。A.came到来；B.recycled循环使用；C.aroused引起，唤醒；D.ignored忽视。结合语境，当“我”演讲的时间到来时。故选A项。
答案：A
6．A.unique
B．panicked
C．ambitious
D．depressed
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.unique独一无二的；B.panicked恐慌的；C.ambitious野心勃勃的；D.depressed沮丧的。结合上文“words
didn't
come
out
exactly
as
planned”单词不像作者所计划的那样确切地出现在我的脑海里时，作者会感到恐慌。故选B项。
答案：B
7．A.described
B．recognized
C．explained
D．realized
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的第一次演讲之后，我很快意识到了我害怕在公共场合演讲。A.described描述；B.recognized辨认出；C.explained解释；D.realized意识到。根据下文“I
was
afraid
of
speaking
in
public”可知，在第一次演讲失败之后，“我”很快意识到“我”害怕在公众场合演讲。故选D项。
答案：D
8．A.above
B．for
C．through
D．out
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：我知道我克服恐惧的唯一方法就是通过练习。A.above在……的上面；B.for为了；C.through通过；D.out从……里出去。through作介词，意为“通过……的方法”。根据下文“Practice
makes
perfect.”可知，我克服恐惧的唯一方法就是通过练习。故选C项。
答案：C
9．A.started
B．received
C．refused
D．abandoned
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我开始了“Behind
the
Cover”的视频采访，这让我在镜头下分享我的想法。A.started开始；B.received接受；C.refused拒绝；D.abandoned放弃。根据上文“And
I
knew
the
only
way
for
me
to
overcome
that
fear
would
be
8
practice.”作者知道自己克服恐惧的唯一方法就是通过练习，因此作者开始视频采访。故选A项。
答案：A
10．A.admit
B．share
C．explore
D．complain
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.admit承认；B.share分享；C.explore探索；D.complain抱怨。结合上文“Therefore,
I
9
doing
‘Behind
the
Cover’
video
interviews”可知，作者开始了“Behind
the
Cover”的视频采访，这样可以与人们分享他的想法。故选B项。
答案：B
11．A.audience
B．passer?by
C．classmate
D．schoolmate
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我不在观众面前，如果我犯了错，可以重新开始。A.audience观众，听众；B.passer?by路人；C.classmate同班同学；D.schoolmate校友。根据下文“Of
course,
the
videos
aren't
the
15
thing
as
speaking
in
front
of
the
audience(当然，这些视频并不是在观众面前讲话)”可知，这个节目不直接面对观众。故选A项。
答案：A
12．A.contributions
B．interviews
C．debates
D．directions
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在前六个月的视频采访中，我需要尝试五六次才能流利地说出来，这让我感到沮丧。A.contributions捐献；B.interviews采访，面试；C.debates辩论；D.directions方向。结合上文“Therefore,
I
9
doing
‘Behind
the
Cover’
video
interviews(因此，我开始了‘Behind
the
Cover’视频采访)”可知，此处是前六个月的视频采访。故选B项。
答案：B
13．A.frequently
B．regularly
C．immediately
D．fluently
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.frequently
频繁地；B.regularly有规律地；C.immediately立即地；D.fluently流利地。结合下文“But
today,
I
usually
14
it
on
the
first
or
second
try.”可知，但现在，“我”通常在第一次或第二次时就能成功。而刚开始时，需要尝试五六次才能流利地说出来。故选D项。
答案：D
14．A.confirm
B．deserve
C．make
D．occupy
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在，我通常在第一次或第二次时就能成功。A.confirm确认，证实；B.deserve值得；C.make做；D.occupy占领。make
it为固定搭配，意为“成功”。故选C项。
答案：C
15．A.same
B．different
C．smooth
D．secret
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，这些视频采访并不像在观众面前演讲一样，但它们确实帮助我克服了对观众演讲的恐惧。A.same相同的；B.different不同的；C.smooth顺利的；D.secret秘密的。根据上文“Since
I
wasn't
in
front
of
the
11
，
if
I
made
a
mistake
I
could
just
start
over
again.(因为我不在观众面前，如果我犯了错误，我可以重新开始)”可知，“我”所参加的视频采访与直接面对观众是不同的事情。故选A项。
答案：A
16．A.get
through
B．get
over
C．get
away
D．get
along
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意见上题解析。A.get
through通过，到达；B.get
over克服；C.get
away远离，离去；D.get
along与……和睦相处。结合上文“Of
course,
the
videos
aren't
the
15
thing
as
speaking
in
front
of
the
audience(当然，这些视频并不像在观众面前讲话一样)”及连接词but可知，虽然和在观众面前讲话不一样，但是确实能帮助“我”克服恐惧。故选B项。
答案：B
17．A.accepted
B．preferred
C．jumped
D．refused
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也欣然接受任何在公共场合发言的机会，不管有多吓人。A.accepted接受；B.preferred更喜欢；C.jumped跳；D.refused拒绝。jump
at为固定搭配，意为“欣然接受”。故选C项。
答案：C
18．A.Over
B．Since
C．Like
D．As
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：俗话说：“熟能生巧”。A.Over
在……上；B.Since
自从；
C．Like像；
D．As正如。as
the
famous
saying
goes为固定搭配，意为“俗话说”。故选D项。
答案：D
19．A.worse
B．prettier
C．better
D．healthier
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道，如果我让恐惧使我远离公众演讲，我就永远不会变得更好。A.worse更坏的；B.prettier更漂亮的；C.better更好的；D.healthier更健康的。结合全文，如果作者没有克服恐惧，远离了公众演讲，他永远不会变得更好。故选C项。
答案：C
20．A.keep
B．hesitate
C．wander
D．stay
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我会一直坚持下去。A.keep保持；B.hesitate犹豫；C.wander徘徊；D.stay停留。根据下文“Each
time
I
got
better,
I
became
more
comfortable.”可知，我会一直坚持下去。keep
doing为固定搭配，意为“坚持下去”。故选A项。
答案：A(共60张PPT)
第六节　情感态度巧判断
每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性。这种褒贬性反映了作者的特殊心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文义并在准确传递文义的基础上推断出答案。
[方法点津]
考生在做完形填空时，仔细体会作者所用词汇的褒贬含义，也是还原作者的思想和感情，从而成功还原文章的一个好技巧。褒义词和贬义词是判断文章意思、人物性格特征以及事情发展趋向的一个重要切入点，考生要在平时多积累、总结褒义词和贬义词，做到对文章用词的感彩了然于心。
[典例剖析]
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ节选)I
remember
the
first
really
48.difficult
customer
we
had
at
Covent
Garden.She
was
49
absolutely
everything,
nothing
was
right
and
I
was
rather
50
that
she
became
a
“regular”．
49．A.curious
about　　　　　　
B．displeased
with
C．patient
with
D．uncertain
about
50．A.relaxed
B．delighted
C．surprised
D．embarrassed
[答题思路]49.本题可以利用人物的情感态度答题。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A.curious
about
对……感到好奇的；B.displeased
with对……不满意；C.patient
with对……有耐心；D.uncertain
about对……不能肯定。结合下文nothing
was
right可知，这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
50．本题可以利用人物的情感态度答题。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A.relaxed放松的；B.delighted高兴的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)“I
figured
whoever
lost
the
dog
was
probably
just
as
59.close
to
it
as
I
am
to
my
dogs，”
says
Ehlers.“If
it
had
been
my
dog,
I'd
hope
that
somebody
would
be
60
to
go
that
extra
mile.”
60．A.suitable
B．proud
C．wise
D．willing
[答题思路]本题可以利用人物的情感态度解题。分析本句“If
it
had
been
my
dog,
I'd
hope
that
somebody
would
be
60
to
go
that
extra
mile.”可知，Ehlers
认为，如果他的狗走丢了，他心里应该是希望有人愿意(willing)不怕麻烦地去帮助寻找他的狗，故选D。
A
(2020·安徽蚌埠市高三下质检)Mevan
Babakar
had
a
difficult
start
in
life.Her
parents
1
Iraq
during
the
Gulf
War
in
the
1990s,
travelling
through
Turkey
and
Russia
until
the
family
reached
the
Netherlands
and
spent
a
year
in
a
refugee
(难民)
camp.Although
she
was
a
child,
she
used
to
think
it
could
be
the
2
of
world
every
day.Life
was
dark
and
future,
to
her,
was
a
3
that
would
never
come
true.
However,
she
never
4
the
refugee
camp
worker
all
those
years
ago.That
day,
watching
other
children
playing,
running
and
shouting
on
the
ground
in
the
camp,
she,
5
，
stood
there
in
the
old
coat
and
woolen
cap,
and
with
a
dirty
face.Their
6
and
happiness
made
her
find
herself
nowhere
to
go.
He
came
into
7
，
pushing
a
red,
shiny
bike
on
the
dirt
road.Out
of
the
kindness
of
his
own
heart,
he
came
to
her,
saying
to
her,
“It's
8
you.”
The
five?year?old
heart
exploded
with
9
.She
could
hardly
believe
her
ears.She
laughed
10
，
covering
her
mouth
with
her
dirty
hands.From
then
on,
she
believed
that
there
would
be
11
；
there
would
be
chances,
maybe
very
12
，
but
chances
would
be
there.
Mevan,
today
aged
29,
now
works
for
a
fact?checking
charity
(慈善机构)
and
lives
13
in
London.She
decided
to
14
the
man
and
posted
an
old
photo
of
the
two
of
them
in
the
camp
on
Twitter.To
her
15
，
within
36
hours
the
charity
worker,
Egbert,
was
found
in
Germany.
The
pair
were
16
and
Mevan
posted
another
photograph:
“This
is
Egbert.He's
been
helping
refugees
since
the
1990s.He
thought
the
17
was
too
small
a
gesture
to
be
mentioned.”
For
Mevan,
the
18
is
that
small
actions
can
have
big
consequences:
“The
19
Egbert
showed
me
continues
to
shape
me.It
doesn't
cost
anything
and
it
20
the
world
one
person
at
a
time.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从小沦为难民的女孩Mevan在难民营收到了来自一位慈善工作者的好意，从此铭记于心，长大后也从事了慈善事业，并最终通过社交媒体找到了这位工作者Egbert。
1．A.reached　　　　　　　　
B．fled
C．served
D．visited
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父母在20世纪90年代的海湾战争中从伊拉克逃出来。A.reached到达；B.fled逃走；C.served服务；D.visited拜访。从后文一家人在各个国家辗转以及“难民”的身份中可以推断，他们是从伊拉克逃难出来的。故选B项。
答案：B
2．A.recovery
B．goal
C．end
D．birth
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她还只是个孩子，可她以前一直觉得每天都可能是世界末日。A.recovery恢复；B.goal目标；C.end末尾，结束；D.birth出生。后文指出“Life
was
dark”，结合他们的难民身份，显然是时刻处在担惊受怕中，不知道能不能看到明天。故选C项。
答案：C
3．A.reward
B．puzzle
C．promise
D．dream
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活很黑暗，而对她来说，未来完全是不可能实现的梦。A.reward回报；B.puzzle迷惑；C.promise承诺；D.dream梦想。与第2小题含义相近，身为难民，未来对她来说是很缥缈、不现实的，结合后文中的come
true可知，这里要表达“无法实现的梦想”。故选D项。
答案：D
4．A.missed
B．forgot
C．recalled
D．assessed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她永远不会忘记那些年以前的难民营里那个工人。A.missed错过，思念；B.forgot忘记；C.recalled回忆；D.assessed评估。从后文内容来看，Mevan深受工人Egbert的影响，从未忘记过他。故选B项。
答案：B
5．A.alone
B．instead
C．often
D．thus
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：她独自一人坐在那里，穿着旧外套，戴着羊毛帽子，脸上脏兮兮的。A.alone独自地；B.instead而不是，取而代之；C.often经常；D.thus因此。与其他孩子的玩闹形成对照，这里表示Mevan是独自待着的。故选A项。
答案：A
6．A.loneliness
B．coldness
C．generosity
D．laughter
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的欢声笑语让她觉得无处可去。A.loneliness孤独；B.coldness寒冷；C.generosity慷慨；D.laughter笑声，大笑。这里与前文的“playing，running
and
shouting”形成呼应，指其他孩子们玩得很开心，充满欢声笑语。故选D项。
答案：D
7．A.existence
B．effect
C．power
D．view
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时他出现了，推着一辆红色的、闪亮的自行车走在土路上。A.existence存在；B.effect效果；C.power力量；D.view视野，意见，风景。come
into
view意为“进入视野，出现”，指那位工人Egbert出现了。故选D项。
答案：D
8．A.on
B．for
C．with
D．beyond
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：这是你的。A.on在上面；B.for为了，因为；C.with和……一起；D.beyond超越。从下文Mevan的表现来看，显然这里要表达工人把车送给她了，it's
for
you意为“这是给你的”。故选B项。
答案：B
9．A.joy
B．anger
C．hesitation
D．admiration
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个五岁小孩的心里高兴坏了。A.joy愉悦；B.anger愤怒；C.hesitation犹豫；D.admiration赞赏。这里的five?year?old
heart就指Mevan，突然收到别人送给自己的礼物，心里一定很高兴。故选A项。
答案：A
10．A.loudly
B．shyly
C．guiltily
D．artificially
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：她害羞地笑了，用脏兮兮的小手掩住了嘴巴。A.loudly大声地；B.shyly害羞地；C.guiltily内疚地；D.artificially人为地。既然是用手掩饰笑容，显然是比较害羞的，与她不合群的表现也是相符的。故选B项。
答案：B
11．A.hope
B．advice
C．assumptions
D．achievements
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，她深信总会有希望的。A.hope希望；B.advice建议；C.assumptions假设；D.achievements成就。从收到自行车这件事后，她就对生活有了信仰，觉得有希望、有机会，这里与下文中的chances是并列的。故选A项。
答案：A
12．A.strong
B．proper
C．fair
D．slim
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：总会有机会的，也许很渺茫，但机会就在那里。A.strong强壮的；B.proper合适的；C.fair公平的；D.slim苗条的，微小的。这里有but作转折，要表达虽然机会很小，但机会总是有的。故选D项。
答案：D
13．A.carefully
B．worthily
C．honestly
D．fashionably
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在已经29岁的Mevan，工作在一家事实核查的慈善机构，正当地住在伦敦。A.carefully谨慎地；B.worthily可敬地，正当地；C.honestly诚实地；D.fashionably赶时髦地。这里要表达Mevan改变了命运，不再像以前当难民那样，而是堂堂正正地生活在伦敦。故选B项。
答案：B
14．A.pick
up
B．call
on
C．look
after
D．track
down
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：她决定找到那个人。A.pick
up捡起；B.call
on拜访，号召；C.look
after照顾；D.track
down追捕，找到。下文紧跟着就指出那个工人被找到了，也就是Mevan通过社交媒体在进行寻找。故选D项。
答案：D
15．A.sadness
B．regret
C．surprise
D．advantage
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：让Mevan惊讶的是，36个小时不到，那位慈善工作者Egbert在德国被找到了。A.sadness悲伤；B.regret后悔；C.surprise惊喜；D.advantage优点。这么快就找到了人，显然是出乎意料，让Mevan感到惊讶。故选C项。
答案：C
16．A.matched
B．adopted
C．reunited
D．blamed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个人重聚了，而Mevan发了另一张照片。A.matched匹配；B.adopted适应；C.reunited重聚，再结合；D.blamed责怪。从故事的走向和Mevan下文发照片介绍Egbert来看，两个人是重聚到了一起。故选C项。
答案：C
17．A.bike
B．coat
C．photo
D．cap
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他觉得那辆自行车完全是不值一提的小事。A.bike自行车；B.coat外套；C.photo照片；D.cap帽子。两人之间最重要的纽带就是那辆自行车，这里所指的也只能是自行车。故选A项。
答案：A
18．A.idiom
B．rule
C．lesson
D．tip
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对Mevan来说，她学到的就是微小的举动也能带来显著的结果。A.idiom习语；B.rule规则；C.lesson课程；D.tip提示。这里总结的是Mevan的感悟，也可以说是她从这一事件中学到的东西。故选C项。
答案：C
19．A.trust
B．independence
C．kindness
D．optimism
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Egbert对我表现出的善良塑造了我。A.trust信任；B.independence独立；C.kindness善良；D.optimism乐观。Mevan在说明Egbert对自己的影响，显然就是善良的品质对她的成长影响最大。故选C项。
答案：C
20．A.changes
B．faces
C．explores
D．seeks
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这没有任何代价，而且一个人行一次善都会改变这个世界。A.changes改变；B.faces面对；C.explores探索；D.seeks寻找。人人都心存善良、乐善好施，一定会让世界变得更好，也就是改变这个世界。故选A项。
答案：A
B
(2020·重庆市第一中学高三下6月模拟)There
is
a
story
from
many
years
ago
of
a
primary
school
teacher
called
Mrs.Thompson.On
the
very
first
day
of
her
fourth
grade
class,
she
told
the
children
a
1
.She
looked
at
her
students
and
said
that
she
2
them
all
the
same.But
that
was
3
because
there
in
the
front
row
was
a
little
boy,
Teddy
Stoddard.Mrs.Thompson
had
watched
Teddy
the
year
before
and
4
that
he
didn't
play
well
with
the
other
children,
his
clothes
were
messy
and
he
constantly
needed
a
5
.
She
did
not
like
him.Later,
it
got
to
the
6
where
Mrs.Thompson
would
actually
7
his
papers
with
a
red
pen,
making
bold
Xs.
However,
when
she
read
his
file
one
day,
she
was
in
8
.Teddy's
first
grade
teacher
wrote,
“Teddy
is
a
9
child.He
does
his
work
10
and
has
good
manners.”
His
second?grade
teacher
wrote,
“Teddy
is
an
excellent
student.But
he
is
11
by
his
mother's
terminal
illness.”His
third?grade
teacher
wrote,
“His
mother's
death
has
been
12
on
him.”
By
now,
Mrs.Thompson
realized
the
problem
and
she
was
13
of
herself.On
the
very
day,
she
quit
teaching
reading
and
writing.
14
，
she
began
to
teach
children
how
to
be
a
man.
Mrs.Thompson
paid
particular
15
to
Teddy.As
she
worked
with
him,
his
mind
seemed
to
16
.The
more
she
encouraged
him,
the
faster
he
17
.Teddy
graduated
from
the
school
with
the
highest
of
18
.Twenty
years
later,
Mrs.Thompson
received
a
19
telling
her
she
was
the
best
teacher
he
has
ever
met
in
the
world.It
was
20
，
Theodore
F．Stoddard,
MD.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Thompson女士第一次教Teddy的时候，觉得他是一个有问题的学生。当了解到事情的起因后，Thompson女士特别关注Teddy。她鼓励他，后来Teddy成了班上最聪明的孩子。作者通过这个故事告诉我们应该用心去温暖需要帮助的人。
1．A.joke　　　　　
B．lie
C．lesson
D．story
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她上四年级课的第一天，她对孩子们撒了个谎。A.joke笑话；B.lie谎话；C.lesson课程；D.story故事。根据下文的“She
looked
at
her
students
and
said
that
she
2
them
all
the
same.”和“She
did
not
like
him.”可知，老师撒了谎，她并没有同等地爱着每个学生，故选B项。
答案：B
2．A.loved
B．thanked
C．needed
D．trusted
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她看着学生，对他们说她会同等地爱着他们所有人。A.loved爱；B.thanked感谢；C.needed需要；D.trusted相信。结合常识可知，老师一般会对学生说会无差别地爱着他们，故选A项。
答案：A
3．A.true
B．impossible
C．serious
D．incorrect
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但那是不可能的，因为在前排有一个名叫Teddy
Stoddard的小男孩。A.true真的；B.impossible不可能的；C.serious严肃的；D.incorrect不正确的。根据下文的“She
did
not
like
him.”可知，老师是不可能同等地爱着每个学生的，故选B项。
答案：B
4．A.admitted
B．observed
C．expected
D．said
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thompson女士一年前看到过Teddy，她观察到他和其他孩子相处得不融洽，他的衣服很脏，总是一副需要洗澡的样子。A.admitted承认；B.observed观察；C.expected猜测；D.said说。根据下文的“his
clothes
were
messy
and
he
constantly
needed
a
5
”可知，此处用“观察”符合语境，故选B项。
答案：B
5．A.rest
B．parent
C．bath
D．friend
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.rest休息；B.parent父母之一；C.bath洗澡；D.friend朋友。根据上文的“his
clothes
were
messy”可知，Teddy很脏，需要洗澡，故选C项。
答案：C
6．A.class
B．area
C．point
D．border
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，事情真的发展到了汤普森女士用红笔在他的试卷上标记加粗的X的阶段。A.class班级；B.area地区；C.point点；D.border边界。结合上下文可知，此处是指Thompson女士对Teddy的不喜欢已经发展到了这样一个阶段，故选C项。
答案：C
7．A.marked
B．refused
C．read
D．criticized
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.marked打分，做标记；B.refused拒绝；C.read阅读；D.criticized批评。根据下文的papers
with
a
red
pen可知，此处用“做标记”符合语境，故选A项。
答案：A
8．A.sadness
B．surprise
C．excitement
D．pride
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她有一天读他的文件时，她很惊讶。A.sadness悲伤；B.surprise惊讶；C.excitement兴奋；D.pride骄傲。根据下文内容可知，从老师的评价来看，Teddy原来是一个非常优秀的孩子，因为妈妈的生病和离世所以变成了现在这样，由此推测Thompson女士对此感到惊讶，故选B项。
答案：B
9．A.lazy
B．funny
C．moody
D．bright
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Teddy一年级的老师写着：“Teddy是一个聪明的孩子。”
A．lazy懒惰的；B.funny滑稽的；C.moody多愁善感的；D.bright聪明的。根据下文的“Teddy
is
an
excellent
student.”可知，此处用“聪明的”符合语境，故选D项。
答案：D
10．A.neatly
B．badly
C．vividly
D．carelessly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的作业做得很整洁，并且很有礼貌。A.neatly整洁地；B.badly糟糕地；C.vividly形象地；D.carelessly粗心地。根据下文的has
good
manners可推测Teddy的作业完成得很整洁，故选A项。
答案：A
11．A.shocked
B．troubled
C．thrilled
D．caught
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是他因妈妈的绝症而困扰。A.shocked震惊；B.troubled烦恼，忧虑；C.thrilled兴奋；D.caught抓住。结合常识可知，一个孩子会因为母亲生病而忧虑和烦恼，故选B项。
答案：B
12．A.strange
B．obvious
C．hard
D．tight
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他三年级的老师写着：“妈妈的死对他来说很痛苦。”A.strange奇怪的；B.obvious明显的；C.hard艰难的，痛苦的；D.tight紧张的。根据常识可知，一个孩子会因为妈妈的去世而非常痛苦，故选C项。
答案：C
13．A.scared
B．proud
C．confident
D．ashamed
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，Thompson女士意识到了问题的所在，并感到很愧疚。A.scared害怕的；B.proud骄傲的；C.confident自信的；D.ashamed愧疚的。根据上文内容可知，此处是指汤普森女士在了解事情的真相后，为自己因为Teddy穿着不整洁而不喜欢他的事情感到愧疚，故选D项。
答案：D
14．A.However
B．Instead
C．Therefore
D．Though
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她开始教学生怎样做一个男子汉。A.However然而；B.Instead相反；C.Therefore因此；D.Though尽管。根据上文的“she
quit
teaching
reading
and
writing”可知，此处用“相反”符合语境，故选B项。
答案：B
15．A.attention
B．visit
C．money
D．respect
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Thompson女士对Teddy特别关注。A.attention关注；B.visit拜访；C.money钱；D.respect尊重。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语pay
attention
to
“关注”，故选A项。
答案：A
16．A.come
along
B．come
up
C．come
alive
D．come
across
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：随他们一起学习，他的头脑似乎活跃了起来。A.come
along一起来；B.come
up走近；C.come
alive变得活跃；D.come
across偶遇。根据下文的“Teddy
graduated
from
the
school
with
the
highest
of
18
.”可知，此处用“变得活跃”符合语境，故选C项。
答案：C
17．A.acted
B．talked
C．responded
D．moved
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她越鼓励他，他的反应就越快。A.acted行动；B.talked谈论；C.responded反应；D.moved移动。根据下文的“Teddy
graduated
from
the
school
with
the
highest”可知，此处用“反应快”符合语境，故选C项。
答案：C
18．A.benefits
B．states
C．records
D．honors
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Teddy以最高的荣誉从学校毕业。A.benefits好处；B.states国家；C.records记录；D.honors荣誉。结合上下文可知，此处是指在Thompson女士的鼓励下，Teddy在各方面都变得很优秀，最终以最高荣誉从学校毕业，故选D项。
答案：D
19．A.book
B．letter
C．gift
D．visitor
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：20年后，Thompson女士收到了一封信，信上说她是他在世界上遇到的最好的老师。A.book书；B.letter信；C.gift礼物；D.visitor游客。根据下文的“Theodore
F．Stoddard,
MD”可知，这是一个署名，由此推测Thompson女士收到了一封信，故选B项。
答案：B
20．A.signed
B．written
C．listed
D．accepted
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：信上署名为Theodore
F．Stoddard,
MD。A.signed署名；B.written写；C.listed列出；D.accepted接受。根据Theodore
F．Stoddard,
MD可知，这是一个人的名字，故用署名符合语境，故选A项。
答案：A(共60张PPT)
第七节　生活常识记心间
生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。考生在把握全文意思的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。
[方法点津]
风声，雨声，读书声，声声入耳；家事，国事，天下事，事事关心。考生要以丰富的生活阅历、细腻的情感和敏锐的观察力造就自己强大的内心，从而顺利解答书本上、现实生活中和试卷里的问题。
[典例剖析]
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ节选)As
he
often
did,
he
stopped
by
the
“after
work
auction
(拍卖)”
43
by
the
Italian
police
where
things
44.found
on
the
trains
were
sold
to
the
highest
bidder.
43．A.attended　　　　　　
B．reserved
C．cancelled
D．run
[答题思路]本题可以根据生活常识答题。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方管理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A.attended参加；B.reserved保护；C.cancelled取消；D.run管理。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D项。
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ节选)“Of
course,
we
42.notice
it
when
the
sun
is
shining，”
says
Karin
Ro,
who
works
for
the
town's
tourism
office.“We
see
the
sky
is
43.blue,
but
down
in
the
valley
it's
darker—it's
like
on
a
44
day.”
44．A.cloudy
B．normal
C．different
D．warm
[答题思路]本题可以根据生活常识答题。上文提到看到天空是蓝色的，但山谷里较暗。根据生活常识可知，山谷里较暗，就像阴天一样，故选A。
A
(2020·云南大理、丽江、怒江高三联考)Do
you
remember
the
last
time
you
spoke
to
your
mother
and
expressed
how
much
you
love
her?
If
you
do,
when?
I
am
1
if
it
was
only
me
but
we
that
tend
to
have
the
habit
of
avoiding
2
how
important
our
parents
are
to
us.
I
am
not
3
to
expressing
how
much
I
love
my
parents.It
is
not
because
I
am
4
about
telling
it,
but
because
I
don't
feel
like
saying
it.
But
that
5
the
moment
I
learned
that
my
mother
had
been
6
with
stage
3
breast
cancer
in
November
2016.We
followed
all
her
7
advice.For
two
years,
she
continued
to
fight
against
the
big
C
(癌),
going
through
the
8
of
chemotherapy
(化疗)
and
all.
People
around
did
everything
they
could
to
help
her—
9
and
mentally.Her
co?church
goers,
uplifting
her
spiritually
whenever
she
felt
like
10
，
became
more
than
a
family
to
us.All
through
her
journey,
I've
11
how
these
people
became
a
part
of
her.I
couldn't
be
too
12
for
their
generosity.
However,
after
nearly
two
years
of
13
，
that
day
finally
arrived
on
March
25,
2018.
It
wasn't
easy
to
14
.It
wasn't
easy
not
to
15
what
she
had
done
for
me
and
my
siblings.I
know
it
isn't
too
late
to
16
all
the
things
a
mother
had
done
to
their
children.However,
only
when
they
aren't
around
us
can
you
notice
it
17
.
This
is
one
of
the
things
we
tend
to
18
—to
appreciate
whatever
our
parents
do
to
us.I
know
it
isn't
late
for
those
whose
19
are
still
around
them.Let
them
know
how
much
you
appreciate
all
their
20
.All
they
have
done
in
your
life
is
just
to
make
sure
you
are
in
good
condition.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者分享的母亲与癌症抗争最终不幸逝世的故事，告诫读者要珍惜陪伴父母的时光，多去表达对他们的感激。
1．A.unsure　　　　
B．certain
C．aware
D．skeptical
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不确定是否只有我这样，还是我们都习惯于不去表达父母对我们的重要性。A.unsure不确定的；B.certain确定的，某一的；C.aware意识到的；D.skeptical怀疑的。从空后if引导的宾语从句来看，作者对这种情况是否普遍是不太确定的。故选A项。
答案：A
2．A.pretending
B．admitting
C．expressing
D．approving
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.pretending假装；B.admitting承认；C.expressing表达；D.approving赞成。与下一段中的“expressing
how
much
I
love
my
parents”对应，这里也指不愿意表达父母有多重要。故选C项。
答案：C
3．A.devoted
B．delighted
C．ashamed
D．accustomed
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不习惯表达对父母的爱意。A.devoted献身的；B.delighted愉快的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.accustomed习惯的。与上文的habit一词对应，这里要用be
accustomed
to表示“习惯于……”。故选D项。
答案：D
4．A.awkward
B．shy
C．annoyed
D．indifferent
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并不是因为我羞于讲出这些，而是因为我不愿意说出口。A.awkward尴尬的；B.shy害羞的；C.annoyed生气的；D.indifferent冷淡的。后句指出作者不表达的原因是不想说出口，而非一般容易想到的太含蓄、羞于直接表达爱意。故选B项。
答案：B
5．A.changed
B．stopped
C．continued
D．disappeared
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当2016年11月我知道母亲被诊断为三期乳腺癌的那一刻时，一切都改变了。A.changed改变；B.stopped停止；C.continued继续；D.disappeared消失。结合下文内容来看，这里指作者不爱表达对父母的爱意和感激的想法从此改变了。故选A项。
答案：A
6．A.diagnosed
B．sentenced
C．faced
D．concerned
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.diagnosed诊断；B.sentenced判决；C.faced面对；D.concerned担心。根据空后给出的宾语cancer，显然这里指“诊断出了癌症”。故选A项。
答案：A
7．A.friends'
B．physicians'
C．neighbors'
D．family's
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们遵从了她医生的全部建议。A.friends'朋友们的；B.physicians'医生们的；C.neighbors'邻居们的；D.family's家人的。既然是诊断出了癌症，就要积极配合医生进行治疗。故选B项。
答案：B
8．A.danger
B．sorrow
C．process
D．trial
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年来，她一直与癌魔斗争，经历了化疗过程和许许多多。A.danger危险；B.sorrow悲伤；C.process过程；D.trial试验，审判。这里名词所有格搭配的是chemotherapy
“化疗”，且动词是go
through，应该用process表示“经历化疗过程”。故选C项。
答案：C
9．A.officially
B．practically
C．occasionally
D．financially
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：身边的人做了一切能做的事来帮助她——无论是经济方面还是精神方面。A.officially正式地；B.practically实际地；C.occasionally偶尔；D.financially财政上。这里与mentally并列表示人们给予作者母亲的帮助，从病人的角度考虑，应该指经济支持和精神支持。故选D项。
答案：D
10．A.holding
on
B．picking
up
C．taking
off
D．giving
up
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：同去一个教堂的教徒们，在她每次想要放弃时都在精神上鼓励她。A.holding
on坚持住；B.picking
up捡起；C.taking
off脱下，起飞；D.giving
up放弃。既然是在鼓励，应该是在病人心情低落、想要放弃时。故选D项。
答案：D
11．A.suspected
B．experienced
C．witnessed
D．wondered
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我见证了这些人是怎么成为她的一部分的。A.suspected怀疑；B.experienced体验；C.witnessed目击；D.wondered想知道。母亲周围的人们为母亲所做的一切，应该是全部被作者看在眼里的，也就是说作者目睹、见证了这一切。故选C项。
答案：C
12．A.careful
B．regretful
C．grateful
D．thoughtful
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对他们的慷慨感激不尽。A.careful小心的；B.regretful后悔的；C.grateful感激的；D.thoughtful体贴的。受人帮助，应是心存感激的。故选C项。
答案：C
13．A.appreciating
B．battling
C．observing
D．challenging
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而大概两年的抗争之后，2018年的3月25日，那一天终于还是来了。A.appreciating感激，欣赏；B.battling战斗；C.observing观察；D.challenging挑战。联系上下文，这里指的就是作者的母亲在两年里坚持与病魔斗争，但最终失败了。故选B项。
答案：B
14．A.understand
B．admit
C．forget
D．accept
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：接受这个事实很难。A.understand理解；B.admit承认；C.forget忘记；D.accept接受。上一段所指的就是母亲已经去世了，这个事实显然是难以接受的。故选D项。
答案：D
15．A.notice
B．hear
C．say
D．know
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：想要忽视她为我和兄弟姐妹们做过的一切也很难。A.notice注意到；B.hear听见；C.say说；D.know知道。这一段是作者缅怀母亲时的感悟，在此时作者回想起过去的种种，在这里要表达母亲为他们做的事情是很容易看到的。故选A项。
答案：A
16．A.admire
B．appreciate
C．enjoy
D．value
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道感恩一位母亲为她的孩子做过的一切不会太晚。A.admire羡慕；B.appreciate感激，欣赏；C.enjoy享受；D.value评价。这句话也是作者站在子女角度发出的感慨，身为孩子要对母亲做的一切心怀感激。故选B项。
答案：B
17．A.more
B．often
C．seldom
D．less
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：但只有在母亲已不在身边时，你才会想到母亲们做的要多得多。A.more更多；B.often经常；C.seldom很少；D.less更少。这里的it指代前文中的“all
the
things
a
mother
had
done
to
their
children”，是为了突出“子欲养而亲不待”的悲凉心境，失去了才知其珍贵，参考表示转折关系的连词however。故选A项。
答案：A
18．A.forgive
B．treasure
C．remember
D．forget
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一件我们容易忘记的事。A.forgive原谅；B.treasure珍惜；C.remember记住；D.forget忘记。与第一段作者提出的问题呼应，人们容易忘记、忽视向父母感恩这件事。故选D项。
答案：D
19．A.children
B．parents
C．colleagues
D．siblings
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道这对那些父母还健在的人来说并不算晚。A.children孩子们；B.parents父母；C.colleagues同事；D.siblings兄弟姐妹。与上一段中“when
they
aren't
around
us”对应，作者是在提醒人们珍惜机会感恩父母。故选B项。
答案：B
20．A.preference
B．expense
C．efforts
D．achievements
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：让他们知道你有多感谢他们付出的所有努力。A.preference偏好；B.expense花费；C.efforts努力；D.achievements成就。这里与上一段中出现的“a
mother
had
done
to
their
children”含义相同，指父母辛苦为孩子付出的一切。故选C项。
答案：C
B
(2020·深圳高三二模)Before
I
turned
10,
I
lost
my
parents.My
siblings
left
Hyderabad
after
my
relatives
1
them,
but
I
insisted
on
staying
back
to
continue
my
2
.And
I
began
to
deliver
newspaper
to
3
myself.I
would
be
up
every
morning
by
5
a．m.and
4
five
kilometers
to
the
newspaper
office.By
6
a．m.,
I
would
be
5
my
copies
of
the
Urdu
Daily.The
area
I
was
6
for
spanned
3
kilometers.After
distributing
the
7
，I
would
rush
home,
quickly
eat
and
be
off
to
high
school.
One
wintry
morning
in
1945，I
got
home
after
my
8
to
find
a
boy
of
my
age
at
my
doorstep.He
9
himself
as
Afzal
and
said
his
father
wanted
to
see
me.
I
was
greeted
at
the
door
by
Afzal's
mother,
Nazeem.Afzal's
father,
Mr.Kader,
10
us
as
Nazeem
served
me
tea
and
snacks.Nazeem
gently
asked
me
about
my
daily
11
.I
told
her
about
my
morning
job
and
school.They
were
12
that
I
had
to
walk
so
much
in
one
day.Later,
as
I
was
about
to
leave,
Mr.Kader
13
into
another
room,
and
when
he
reappeared,
he
was
14
a
new
bicycle.“This
is
for
you！”
he
said.
It
took
a
few
seconds
for
this
act
of
kindness
to
15
.I
didn't
realize
that
16
were
rolling
down
my
face.Mr.Kader
said,
“Your
newspaper
editor
is
a
friend
of
mine.He
gave
me
your
17
，
so
I
knew
you
lived
close
by.Then
Afzal
told
us
more
about
you.”
I
bowed,
18
shook
hands
with
them
and
left.The
19
brought
convenience
to
my
life
and
taught
me
a
life?long
lesson:
Help
should
always
be
need?based.Never
try
to
20
a
person
who
is
dying
of
thirst.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。通过作者被Mr.Kader帮助的经历，告诉我们帮助别人要考虑别人的需要，做到“雪中送炭”。
1．A.abandoned　　　　
B．comforted
C．betrayed
D．adopted
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：被亲戚收养后，我的兄弟姐妹离开了Hyderabad(海得拉巴，印度南部一城市)，但我仍坚持留下来继续我的学业。A.abandoned抛弃；B.comforted安慰；C.betrayed
背叛；D.adopted收养；采纳。根据第一句“I
lost
my
parents”和第二句可知，作者失去父母，作者的兄弟姐妹也跟着亲戚离开了，因此作者的兄弟姐妹们是被作者的亲戚收养了。故选D。
答案：D
2．A.training
B．career
C．education
D．relationship
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.training培训，训练；B.career职业；C.education教育，学业；D.relationship关系。根据本段最后一句作者发完报纸，吃完饭后就匆匆赶往学校可知，作者仍然继续自己的学业。故选C。
答案：C
3．A.occupy
B．support
C．improve
D．please
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始送报纸来养活自己。A.occupy占据；B.support支持，养活；C.improve提高，改善；D.please使高兴。根据本句可知，作者是通过送报纸来维持生活的。故选B。
答案：B
4．A.cycle
B．walk
C．drive
D．wander
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天早上五点就起来，走5公里到报社。A.cycle骑自行车；B.walk走路；C.drive开车；D.wander闲逛。根据第三段“I
had
to
walk
so
much
in
one
day”可知，作者是走路去报社的。故选B。
答案：B
5．A.collecting
B．publishing
C．selling
D．buying
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：到早上六点时，我会领取好《乌尔都日报》。A.collecting收集，领取；B.publishing出版；C.selling卖；D.buying买。根据作者的时间进度，作者起床后走路去报社，领完报纸后再拿去送报纸。故选A。
答案：A
6．A.famous
B．helpful
C．responsible
D．suitable
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我负责的片区跨度有3公里。A.famous著名的；B.helpful有帮助的；C.responsible负责的；D.suitable合适的。根据常识，报童都有自己负责的区域。故选C。
答案：C
7．A.copies
B．files
C．brochures
D．books
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：分送完报纸后，我跑回家，匆匆忙忙吃完饭，然后去学校。A.copies份数；B.files文档；C.brochures小册子；D.books书籍。根据前文“my
copies
of
the
Urdu
Daily”可知，这里指派送完作者自己的报纸份数。故选A。
答案：A
8．A.studies
B．deliveries
C．efforts
D．tasks
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：1945年冬天的一个早上，我送完报纸回到家，结果却发现有一个和我年纪相仿的男孩在我家门口。A.studies学习；B.deliveries发货，派送；C.efforts努力；D.tasks任务。本句的deliveries与第一段的distribute词性不同，但意思相近，属于同义词复现。结合语境，可知作者送完报纸后回到家中。故选B。
答案：B
9．A.regarded
B．behaved
C．considered
D．introduced
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他介绍说他叫Afzal，并且说他的父亲想见我。A.regarded当作；B.behaved行为；C.considered认为；D.introduced介绍。根据男孩的名字Afzal可知，因为作者与该男孩互不相识，因此男孩先作了自我介绍。故选D。
答案：D
10．A.wanted
B．invited
C．joined
D．left
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nazeem为我端上茶和甜点时，Afzal的父亲也加入我们。A.wanted想要；B.invited邀请；C.joined加入；D.left离开。根据下文“They
were
12
”可知Mr.Kader过来招呼我，加入我们的谈话。故选C。
答案：C
11．A.work
B．routine
C．deals
D．burdens
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Nazeem温和地问我一天的日常。A.work工作；B.routine常规；C.deals交易；D.burdens负担。根据下文“I
told
her
about
my
morning
job
and
school.”可知，Nazeem在问作者一天的日常。故选B。
答案：B
12．A.shocked
B．confused
C．embarrassed
D．disappointed
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：了解到我每天得走这么长的路，他们感到很震惊。A.shocked感到震惊的；B.confused困惑的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.disappointed失望的。根据本句“walk
so
much”可知，当他们听到作者每天走的路很长时，感到十分震惊。故选A。
答案：A
13．A.spun
B．broke
C．disappeared
D．escaped
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，正当我要离开时，Mr.Kader消失不见，去了另一间屋子，当他再一次出现时，他推着一辆新自行车。A.spun旋转；B.broke打破；C.disappeared消失；D.escaped逃离。根据下文的reappeared可知，Mr.Kader先消失又出现。故选C。
答案：C
14．A.mending
B．sending
C．designing
D．wheeling
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题。A.mending修理；B.sending送；C.designing设计；D.wheeling旋转，推动。故选D。
答案：D
15．A.sink
in
B．get
in
C．set
up
D．take
up
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我几秒钟才理解这善良的举动。A.sink
in完全被理解；B.get
in加入；C.set
up成立；D.take
up占据；从事。作者对Mr.Kader送自己新自行车的举动感到惊讶，以至于需要点时间才缓过神来。故选A。
答案：A
16．A.thanks
B．smiles
C．apologies
D．tears
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到自己的眼泪从脸颊流下。A.thanks感谢；B.smiles微笑；C.apologies道歉；D.tears眼泪。根据常识，在脸上流下的只能是眼泪，此处是感动的眼泪。故选D。
答案：D
17．A.name
B．identity
C．secret
D．address
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给我你的地址，所以我了解到你就住在附近。A.name名字；B.identity身份；C.secret秘密；D.address地址。根据下句“so
I
knew
you
lived
close
by”可知，Mr.Kader了解到作者的住址，说明作者的报纸编辑给他作者的地址。故选D。
答案：D
18．A.gently
B．gratefully
C．Kindly
D．firmly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我鞠了一躬，十分感恩地和他们握手，然后离开了。A.gently温柔地；B.gratefully感激地；C.kindly善良地；D.firmly坚定地。作者收到Mr.Kader的新自行车，而这正是他急需的，因此十分感激。故选B。
答案：B
19．A.newspaper
B．conversation
C．bicycle
D．job
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这辆自行车给我带来了便利，还教会我一个影响我终身的道理，帮助应该建立在对方的需求上。A.newspaper报纸；B.conversation对话；C.bicycle自行车；D.job工作。根据“brought
convenience
to
my
life”可知，Mr.Kader送的新自行车给作者带来了便利。故选C。
答案：C
20．A.feed
B．help
C．treat
D．choose
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：永远不要喂饱一个口渴之人。A.feed喂饱；B.help帮助；C.treat对待；治疗；D.choose选择。根据上文，帮助别人必须建立在了解别人需求的基础上，因此对于一个“口渴”之人，我们不能给予他食物，去喂饱他的肚子，而应该给予对方水，结合常识可知选A。
答案：A(共62张PPT)
第三节　依靠逻辑明关系
完形填空题所选短文前后连贯，结构严密，脉络自然有序。因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等标志，理清逻辑关系，快速解题。
[方法点津]　
利用逻辑关系解题是通过分析设空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连词或起连接作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
[典例剖析]
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ节选)They'll
have
out
half
the
45.goods
in
the
shop,
and
want
the
only
style
you
don't
have
left
in
a
46.particular
colour.I
do
know
how
upset
the
shop
staff
can
get,
but
I
try
to
persuade
them
to
keep
47
.
47．A.fighting　　　　　　
B．smiling
C．waiting
D．changing
[答题思路]本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A.fighting打架；B.smiling微笑；C.waiting等待；D.changing
改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，店员会很沮丧，but一词是转折，与“沮丧”一词感彩相反，结合选项，B项“微笑”符合语境。故选B。
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ节选)Always
water
it
down
and
don't
let
your
ego
(自我)
get
58.in
the
way.If
you
do,
you
won't
be
able
to
59.handle
it
and
the
whole
thing
develops
into
an
unpleasant
scene
and
that
60
everyone's
day.
60．A.ruins
B．makes
C．starts
D．saves
[答题思路]本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。前面连词and表示并列关系，说明选项与前面在意义或感彩上是一致的。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A.ruins毁灭；B.makes制作；C.starts开始；D.saves
拯救。结合上文“the
whole
thing
develops
into
an
unpleasant
scene”可知，一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每个人的一天。故选A。
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ节选)During
the
long
trip
home,
following
a
weekend
of
hunting,
Ehlers
41.thought
about
the
small
dog
he
had
seen
42.trembling
alongside
the
road.He
had
43.tried
to
coax
(哄)
the
dog
to
him
but,
frightened,
it
had
44
.
44．A.calmed
down
B．stood
up
C．rolled
over
D．run
off
[答题思路]本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。but表示转折，虽然Ehlers想把狗哄到身边来帮助它，但是由于害怕，它跑掉了(run
off)。calm
down
“平静下来，镇定下来”；stand
up
“站立”；roll
over
“翻转”，故选D。
A
(2020·重庆江津中学、实验中学等七校高三6月联考)Most
brides
are
angry
when
they
are
outshone
(使逊色)
at
their
own
wedding.For
Brenna
Klemen,
however,
she
would
not
have
it
any
other
way.
When
Brenna
married
Brock
Kendall
back
in
April,
she
knew
she
1
her
83?year?old
grandmother
to
play
a
2
role
in
the
wedding.While
at
work
as
an
ICU
nurse,
Brenna
talked
to
a
patient
who
3
her
to
give
her
grandmother
a
very
unusual
role
at
her
wedding.
“I
was
4
a
very
sick
elderly
woman
who
told
me
a
5
of
how
she
was
a
flower
girl
for
her
grandchild，”
Brenna
explained.
Brenna
certainly
6
the
idea
for
her
own
wedding
day,
and
her
grandmother,
who
prefers
to
be
unnamed,
was
all
for
it
as
well!
“Grandma
was
very
7
，”
Brenna
said.“She
was
almost
in
tears
because
she
wanted
to
make
sure
she
did
OK
on
my
special
day.”
On
the
actual
wedding
day,
Grandma
did
more
than
just
OK,
as
she
8
stole
the
show!
All
9
was
on
her
as
she
walked
down
the
aisle
(过道),
and
the
10
moment
was
captured
(拍摄)
by
wedding
11
Thomas
Felts
in
images
that
have
since
12
rapidly.
“Every
time
she
threw
more
petals
(花瓣)
in
the
air,
our
family
cheered
loudly
and
happily，”
Brenna
said,
adding
that
all
of
her
wedding
guests
13
.This
was
a
wedding
that
14
nobody
in
attendance
will
ever
15
！
While
everyone
loved
the
moment,
nobody
was
16
than
Brenna's
grandfather,
who
told
the
photographer,
“That's
my
flower
girl.”
The
photos
have
17
the
hearts
of
people
all
over
the
globe.
“I
have
18
that
life
is
too
short
for
us
to
think
about
the
negatives.As
my
grandmother
would
say
‘
19
is
a
choice，’”
Brenna
said.She
is
my
inspiration,
and
I
hope
that
she
can
inspire
you
too.
We're
so
glad
to
see
that
Brenna
got
the
wedding
of
her
dreams,
with
a
little
20
from
her
grandma!
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位奶奶为孙女当花童，在孙女的婚礼上大出风头，为孙女和参加婚礼的亲朋好友们留下了快乐的回忆。
1．A.employed　　　　　
B．wanted
C．forced
D．directed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在4月份，当Brenna与Brock
Kendall结婚时，她知道自己想要83岁的奶奶在婚礼上扮演重要角色。A.employed雇用；B.wanted想要；C.forced迫使；D.directed指导。根据下文中对Brenna让奶奶当自己的花童及奶奶在她的婚礼上大出风头的描述可知，Brenna“想(wanted)”让她83岁的奶奶在自己的婚礼上扮演一个重要的角色。故选B。
答案：B
2．A.balanced
B．protective
C．similar
D．major
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.balanced平衡的；B.protective防护的；C.similar相似的；D.major重要的，主要的。结合下文奶奶在婚礼上抢了两位新人的风头，可知奶奶在婚礼上扮演重要角色。故选D。
答案：D
3．A.promised
B．encouraged
C．invited
D．allowed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名ICU护士，Brenna曾与一位病人交谈，这位病人鼓励她在自己的婚礼上给奶奶一个不同寻常的角色。A.promised承诺；B.encouraged鼓励；C.invited邀请；D.allowed允许。结合下文“her
to
give
her
grandmother
a
very
unusual
role
at
her
wedding”可知，这位病人鼓励Brenna在自己的婚礼上给奶奶一个不同寻常的角色。故选B。
答案：B
4．A.competing
with
B．believing
in
C．looking
after
D．operating
on
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我当时在照顾一位病重的老妇人，她给我讲了一个她如何为孙子当花童的故事”，Brenna解释说。A.competing
with与……竞争；B.believing
in相信；C.looking
after照顾；D.operating
on对……起作用。结合下文a
very
sick
elderly
woman可知，Brenna在照顾这位病重的老妇人。故选C。
答案：C
5．A.story
B．theory
C．test
D．survey
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.story故事；B.theory理论；C.test测试；D.survey调查。结合下文“of
how
she
was
a
flower
girl
for
her
grandchild”可知，这位病重的老妇人给Brenna讲了自己为孙子当花童的故事(story)。故选A。
答案：A
6．A.understood
B．loved
C．abandoned
D．explored
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brenna当然很喜欢这个婚礼的想法，她的不愿透露姓名的奶奶也非常赞成！A.understood理解；B.loved喜欢，爱；C.abandoned抛弃；D.explored开发。根据下文中对Brenna的奶奶在她的婚礼上当花童的描述可知，Brenna确实很“喜欢(loved)”这个主意。故选B。
答案：B
7．A.disappointed
B．confused
C．honest
D．emotional
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“奶奶非常感性，”Brenna说。A.disappointed失望的；B.confused困惑的；C.honest诚实的；D.emotional感性的。根据空后的“She
was
almost
in
tears
because
she
wanted
to
make
sure
she
did
OK
on
my
special
day.”可知Brenna的奶奶是个很感性的(emotional)人。故选D。
答案：D
8．A.completely
B．secretly
C．carefully
D．formally
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：在真正的婚礼当天，奶奶不仅表现得很好，而且她完全抢了风头！A.completely完全地；B.secretly秘密地；C.carefully小心地；D.formally正式地。根据本段中的“On
the
actual
wedding
day,
Grandma
did
more
than
just
OK”及stole
the
show可知，在婚礼当天，Brenna的奶奶不仅做得很好，而且“完全(completely)”抢了新人的风头。故选A。
答案：A
9．A.pressure
B．influence
C．luck
D．attention
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她走过过道时，所有的注意力都集中在她身上，婚礼摄影师Thomas
Felts抓拍到了这一温馨的时刻，这些照片迅速传播开来。A.pressure压力；B.influence影响；C.luck运气；D.attention注意力。根据上文中stole
the
show可知，在婚礼当天，Brenna的奶奶完全抢了新人的风头。当她走过过道时，所有人的“注意力(attention)”都在她的身上。故选D。
答案：D
10．A.decisive
B．magical
C．sweet
D．final
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.decisive决定性的；B.magical神奇的；C.sweet甜的，温馨的；D.final最后的。根据下文中对参加婚礼的人们都很开心的描述可知，这一“温馨的(sweet)”时刻被婚礼摄影师拍摄了下来。故选C。
答案：C
11．A.planner
B．guest
C．photographer
D．singer
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见第9题解析。A.planner计划者；B.guest客人；C.photographer摄影师；D.singer歌手。根据本段中的“was
captured
by
wedding”及第八段中的“Brenna's
grandfather,
who
told
the
photographer”可知，这一幕被婚礼摄影师(photographer)Thomas
Felts拍了下来。故选C。
答案：C
12．A.spread
B．shaped
C．changed
D．appeared
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见第9题解析。A.spread传播；B.shaped塑造；C.changed改变；D.appeared出现。根据第九段中的“The
photos...the
hearts
of
people
all
over
the
globe.”可知，这张照片很快就被“传播(spread)”开来。故选A。
答案：A
13．A.sighed
B．laughed
C．waited
D．interrupted
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brenna说：“每次她向空中抛下更多的花瓣，我们全家就会大声开心地欢呼起来。”她还说，所有参加婚礼的客人都笑了。A.sighed叹息；B.laughed笑；C.waited等待；D.interrupted打断。根据本段中的“Every
time
she
threw
more
petals
in
the
air,
our
family
cheered
loudly
and
happily”及第八段中的“everyone
loved
the
moment”可知，每当Brenna的奶奶扔出更多的花瓣时，家里人都会开心地高声欢呼，而且参加婚礼的客人们也都开心地“笑着(laughed)”。故选B。
答案：B
14．A.commonly
B．fortunately
C．immediately
D．absolutely
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是一个绝对没有人会忘记的婚礼！A.commonly通常地；B.fortunately幸运地；C.immediately立即；D.absolutely绝对地。根据上文中对婚礼当天快乐气氛的描述可知，这绝对(absolutely)是一场令人难忘的婚礼。故选D。
答案：D
15．A.accept
B．realize
C．forget
D．stop
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.accept接受；B.realize意识到；C.forget忘记；D.stop停止。婚礼很特别，大家也都很快乐，因此绝对没有人会忘记(forget)的。故选C。
答案：C
16．A.prouder
B．kinder
C．politer
D．calmer
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然每个人都喜欢这一刻，但没有人比Brenna的祖父更骄傲，他告诉摄影师：“那是我的花童。”A.prouder更骄傲的；B.kinder更友好的；C.politer更有礼貌的；D.calmer更平静的。根据连词while的让步关系和本段中的“Brenna's
grandfather,
who
told
the
photographer,
‘That's
my
flower
girl.’”可知，
Brenna的爷爷比任何人都要“骄傲(prouder)”。故选A。
答案：A
17．A.united
B．touched
C．broken
D．weakened
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些照片感动了全世界人民的心。A.united团结；B.touched感动；C.broken打破；D.weakened削弱。根据第八段中的“everyone
loved
the
moment”及本段中的the
hearts
of
people
all
over
the
globe可知，这张照片“感动了(touched)”全世界人们的心。故选B。
答案：B
18．A.supposed
B．warned
C．proven
D．learned
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我明白了人生苦短，我们不要去想消极的事情。A.supposed认为；B.warned警告；C.proven证明；D.learned明白，学习。根据本段中的“life
is
too
short
for
us
to
think
about
the
negatives”及“As
my
grandmother
would
say...”可知，作者“明白了(learned)”人生苦短，不要总是沉溺在悲伤中的道理。故选D。
答案：D
19．A.Forgiveness
B．Success
C．Happiness
D．Popularity
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸福是一个选择。A.Forgiveness原谅；B.Success成功；C.Happiness幸福；D.Popularity流行。承接上文“life
is
too
short
for
us
to
think
about
the
negatives”可知，人生苦短，不要总是沉溺在悲伤中，“快乐(Happiness)”是一种选择。故选C。
答案：C
20．A.guidance
B．help
C．benefit
D．respect
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很高兴看到Brenna在她奶奶的帮助下完成了她梦想中的婚礼！A.guidance指导；B.help帮助；C.benefit好处；D.respect尊重。根据上文中对Brenna的奶奶为她当花童，给Brenna留下美好回忆的描述可知，Brenna在奶奶的“帮助(help)”下拥有了一场梦想中的婚礼。故选B。
答案：B
B
(2020·宁夏中卫市高三下三模)If
you
have
strong
arms
and
feet,
patience
and
a
good
temper,
you
might
1
a
good
waiter.You
must
start,
2
，not
in
the
restaurant,
but
in
the
kitchen,
helping
the
chef,
to
learn
how
each
dish
is
3
.
From
this
first
step,
you
may
enter
the
restaurant
4
a
“commis”
(厨助)．But
you
won't
be
5
to
serve
the
customers
yet.They
will
only
let
you
do
the
bottomed
jobs，
6
the
tables
and
carrying
the
plates.But
all
the
time
you
must
watch
and
learn
with
7
.
Later
you
may
become
“chef
de
rang”
(a
waiter
in
charge
of
a
number
of
tables)．You
may
even
become
a
head
waiter
8
if
you
have
the
right
sort
of
personality
and
you
are
not
9
of
hard
work.
When
Carlo
Bianchi
first
arrived
in
London,
he
spoke
only
two
words
of
English—“please”
and
“Hello”．He
10
to
get
a
job
helping
in
the
kitchen
of
a
restaurant,
and
he
spent
what
little
11
time
he
had
learning
English.He
was
a
good
worker
and
soon
they
12
him
a
job
in
the
restaurant
as
a
waiter.
Every
night,
Carlo
13
to
go
home
exhausted,
but
never
too
14
to
study
the
language
for
half
an
hour
before
going
to
sleep.And
no
matter
how
tired
or
ill
he
felt,
he
always
wore
a
15
for
his
customers.They
liked
him,
and
people
came
and
asked
to
be
16
by
Carlo.
Now,
twenty?five
years
later,
Carlo
is
in
17
of
six
restaurants,
and
he
18
to
open
a
seventh
shortly.So
friends,
in
this
world，success
never
comes
overnight.Start
from
the
19
and
make
progress
step
by
step
with
enough
patience
and
20
chances
will
fall
upon
you.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Carlo从厨助做起，到拥有六家餐馆的故事，告诉人们“从最低层做起，脚踏实地，总有一天你会成功”。
1．A.make　　　　
B．create
C．replace
D．choose
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你有强壮的胳膊和脚，有耐心和好脾气，你可能会成为一个好服务员。A.make制造；B.create
创造；C.replace
取代，代替；D.choose
选择。此处指“成为”一个好服务员。故选A。
答案：A
2．A.otherwise
B．therefore
C．thus
D．however
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：你必须从厨房开始，但不是在餐厅，而是在厨房，帮助厨师，学习每道菜是如何准备的。A.otherwise否则；B.therefore
所以；C.thus因此；D.however然而。根据上一句中a
good
waiter和该空后的“not
in
the
restaurant,
but
in
the
kitchen”可知，前后是转折关系。故选D。
答案：D
3．A.commented
B．tasted
C．prepared
D．chosen
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.commented
发表评论；B.tasted品尝；C.prepared
准备；D.chosen选择。
根据空前的“not
in
the
restaurant,
but
in
the
kitchen,
helping
the
chef,
to
learn
how
each
dish
is”可知，此处指学如何“准备”每道菜。故选C。
答案：C
4．A.as
B．for
C．with
D．to
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：从这样的第一步，你可以进入餐厅作为一个厨助。A.as作为；B.for为了；C.with带有；D.to向。此处指“作为”一个厨助开始。故选A。
答案：A
5．A.forced
B．allowed
C．banned
D．urged
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是你还不能为顾客服务。A.forced强迫；B.allowed允许；C.banned禁止；D.urged催促。根据下文的“They
will
only
let
you
do
the
bottomed
jobs”可知，此处指不“允许”为顾客服务。故选B。
答案：B
6．A.moving
B．laying
C．pushing
D．pulling
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只会让你做底层工作，摆桌子和搬盘子。A.moving移动；B.laying放置；C.pushing推动；D.pulling拉。根据空前的“They
will
only
let
you
do
the
bottomed
jobs”可知，让你“摆放”桌子。故选B。
答案：B
7．A.curiosity
B．kindness
C．patience
D．interest
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但你必须一直耐心地观察和学习。A.curiosity好奇，好奇心；B.kindness善良；C.patience耐心；D.interest兴趣。根据空前的“all
the
time
you
must
watch
and
learn”可知，要有“耐心”。故选C。
答案：C
8．A.simply
B．specially
C．exactly
D．eventually
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你有合适的性格，并且不害怕努力工作，你甚至可能最终成为一个领班。A.simply简单地；B.specially特别地；C.exactly精确地；D.eventually最后。根据空前的“You
may
even
become
a
head
waiter”可知，“最后”成为领班。故选D。
答案：D
9．A.afraid
B．ashamed
C．fond
D．typical
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.afraid害怕的；B.ashamed害羞的；C.fond喜欢的；D.typical典型的。故选A。
答案：A
10．A.managed
B．attempted
C．predicted
D．expected
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他设法在一家餐馆的厨房里找了一份帮工，把仅有的一点业余时间都用来学英语了。A.managed设法做到，管理；B.attempted企图；C.predicted预测；D.expected期盼。根据空后的“to
get
a
job
helping
in
the
kitchen
of
a
restaurant”可知，此处指“设法做到”，即manage
to
do
sth.。故选A。
答案：A
11．A.tight
B．useful
C．spare
D．busy
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.tight紧的；B.useful有用的；C.spare额外的，备用的；D.busy忙碌的。故选C。
答案：C
12．A.threw
B．found
C．sent
D．donated
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是个好工人，不久他们就为他在餐馆找到了一份服务员的工作。A.threw丢弃；B.found发现，找到；C.sent寄出；D.donated捐献。故选B。
答案：B
13．A.used
B．promised
C．regretted
D．remembered
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，Carlo都精疲力尽，但在睡觉前半小时学习这门语言永远不会觉得累。A.used使用；B.promised许诺；C.regretted后悔；D.remembered记得。固定搭配used
to
do
sth.表示“过去经常做某事”。故选A。
答案：A
14．A.depressed
B．excited
C．worried
D．tired
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.depressed沮丧的；B.excited兴奋的；C.worried担忧的；D.tired劳累的。此处指在睡前不会因为“劳累”而不学习这门语言。故选D。
答案：D
15．A.smile
B．face
C．color
D．surprise
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管他感觉有多累或病了，他总是对顾客面带微笑。A.smile微笑；B.face脸；C.color颜色；D.surprise惊讶。根据前面表示让步关系的连词no
matter
how和下文的“They
liked
him”可知，他对顾客面带“微笑”。故选A。
答案：A
16．A.served
B．approved
C．praised
D．treated
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢他，人们来了，要求Carlo为他们服务。A.served服务；B.approved批准；C.praised赞扬；D.treated对待，治疗。根据空前的“They
liked
him,
and
people
came
and
asked
to
be”可知，顾客要求他“服务”。故选A。
答案：A
17．A.favor
B．need
C．possession
D．support
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：25年后的今天，Carlo拥有了6家餐馆，他计划不久再开第7家。A.favor赞同；B.need需要；C.possession拥有，财产；D.support支持。空后的six
restaurants与possession相呼应，由此可知，此处指25年后他拥有的“财产”。故选C。
答案：C
18．A.hesitates
B．schedules
C．hurries
D．fails
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.hesitates犹豫不决；B.schedules安排，预订；C.hurries匆忙；D.fails失败。根据空后的open
a
seventh
shortly可知，他“预计”要开第7家餐馆。故选B。
答案：B
19．A.easiest
B．slowest
C．simplest
D．lowest
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从最低水平开始，一步一步地取得进步，有足够的耐心，及时的机会就会落在你身上。A.easiest最容易的；B.slowest最慢的；C.simplest最简单的；D.lowest最低的。根据上句“in
this
world，success
never
comes
overnight”和空后的“make
progress
step
by
step”可知，成功都是从“最低”做起。故选D。
答案：D
20．A.in
all
B．in
time
C．in
a
word
D．above
all
解析：考查短语辨析。句意见上题解析。A.in
all总共；B.in
time及时；C.in
a
word总而言之；D.above
all首先，尤其是。根据空后的“chances
will
fall
upon
you”可知，“总有一天”成功会到来。故选B。
答案：B(共66张PPT)
第四节　词汇复现见答案
词汇复现是指某一个词以原词、同/近义词、同根词、反义词、上下义词(如rose是flower的下义词，flower是rose的上义词)等方式在同一语篇中重复出现的现象。词汇复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，我们解答完形填空时要留心选项中是否有与上下文中的词汇相对应的词，利用词汇复现答题。
[方法点津]
完形填空考查的是考生的整体思维和推理判断的能力，所以文章上下文中一定有可以用来推理判断的线索，这个线索有些时候就直接以原词的形式出现在文中。也有些时候，命题者会稍微转换一下形式，考生只要留意，就一定能找到这个线索。
[典例剖析]
1．原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ节选)His
son,
age
15,
who
had
49.taken
an
art
appreciation
class,
thought
that
there
was
something
50.unusual
about
the
one
with
a
young
girl
sitting
on
a
garden
chair...He
bought
a
book
and
was
53.surprised
to
find
a
picture
of
the
artist
Pierre
Bonnard
sitting
on
the
same
chair
in
the
same
54
as
his
father's
painting.
54．A.room　　　　　　
B．kitchen
C．hall
D．garden
[答题思路]本题可以利用原词复现答题。句意：他买了一本书，发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre
Bonnard的画非常吃惊，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A.room房间；B.kitchen餐厅；
C．hall
大厅；D.garden花园。根据上文的“with
a
young
girl
sitting
on
a
garden
chair”可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故选D项。
2．同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ节选)I
hate
lying
to
the
kids.One
day
they'll
47.wake
up
and
discover
that
everything
they've
always
known
about
windows
is
a
48
.
48．A.dream
B．lie
C．fantasy
D．fact
[答题思路]本题可以利用同根词词汇复现答题。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A.dream梦想；B.lie谎言；C.fantasy幻想；D.fact事实。根据“I
hate
lying
to
the
kids.”并结合前文作者把门说成窗户可知，这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B。
3．同/近义词复现——意思相同或相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ节选)Since
our
twins
began
learning
to
walk,
my
wife
and
I
have
kept
telling
them
that
our
sliding
glass
door
is
just
a
window.The
41.reason
is
obvious.If
we
42.admit
it
is
a
door,
they'll
want
to
go
outside
43
.It
will
drive
us
crazy.
43．A.gradually
B．constantly
C．temporarily
D．casually
[答题思路]本题可以利用近义词复现答题。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A.gradually逐步地；B.constantly不断地；C.temporarily临时地；D.casually随便地。根据下文“I
should
just
59
repeatedly
having
to
say，‘No.We
can't
go
outside
now.’”可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。
4．反义词复现
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ节选)It
will
drive
us
crazy.The
kids
apparently
know
the
44
.But
our
insisting
it's
45.merely
a
window
has
kept
them
from
46.attempting
millions
of
requests
to
open
the
door.
I
hate
lying
to
the
kids...
44．A.result
B．danger
C．method
D．truth
[答题思路]本题可以利用反义词复现答题。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。A.result结果；B.danger危险；C.method方法；D.truth真相。下文“But
our
insisting
it's
45
a
window
has
kept
them
from
46
millions
of
requests
to
open
the
door.”说明阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的“I
hate
lying
to
the
kids.”可知，孩子们是知道真相的。故选D。
5．上下义词复现——总括与分述的词汇复现
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ节选)It
was
signed
(签名)
“Bonnato”
or
so
he
thought,
but
when
he
51
it,
he
only
found
“Bonnard”，
a
French
52
he
had
never
heard
of.He
bought
a
book
and
was
53.surprised
to
find
a
picture
of
the
artist
Pierre
Bonnard
sitting
on
the
same
chair
in
the
same
54.garden
as
his
father's
painting.
51．A.appreciated
B．touched
C．researched
D．witnessed
52．A.painter
B．designer
C．author
D．actor
[答题思路]51.本题可以利用上下义词复现答题。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A.appreciated欣赏；B.touched触摸；C.researched研究；D.witnessed目睹。根据下文的“he
only
found
‘Bonnard’”可推测应用found的上义词researched，儿子仔细研究了画，故选C项。
52．本题可以利用上下义词复现答题。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了Bonnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A.painter画家；B.designer设计师；C.author
作家；D.actor演员。根据下文的“a
picture
of
the
artist
Pierre
Bonnard”可知，此处用picture的上义词painter符合语境，故选A项。
A
(2020·贵州贵阳市高三适应性考试二)When
I
was
younger,
I
was
accustomed
to
obeying
orders.Go
to
school.Go
to
play
basketball.
1
the
parents.One
of
the
most
2
commands
was:
Be
quiet.
So,
I
learned
to
stay
quiet—about
problems,
desires
and
feelings.I
developed
a
rich
3
world
and
my
thoughts
were
to
be
4
mostly
to
myself.
On
the
5
side,
that
made
me
more
6
.But
it
also
caused
that
I
didn't
experience
what
I
wanted,
as
the
wants
and
the
communication
both
got
stopped
by
a
blanket
of
7
.
It
was
a
long
time
before
I
knew
it
was
okay
to
8
about
needs,
desires,
and
feelings.As
I
got
older,
I
found
people
9
me
to
open
up
and
share
more.That
was
difficult
to
do
though.I
wasn't
10
it.When
people
wanted
to
know
more
about
me,
11
felt
like
they
were
shining
a
burning
spotlight
into
my
12
.But
this
left
me
13
inside
my
own
thought.I
couldn't
talk
about
what
I
felt,
needed,
and
wanted,
no
one
could
help
me
make
14
.Even
if
people
offered
15
，
it
was
misguided
because
they
didn't
really
know
what
I
wanted.They
had
to
16
，
but
their
guesses
were
wrong.
However,
in
order
to
seek
for
personal
17
，
I
read
lots
of
books
and
listened
to
many
audio
programs.I
liked
it
when
other
people
18
their
stories,
goals,
ambitions,
mistakes,
and
feelings.Every
now
and
then,
I'd
come
across
something
that
struck
me
as
really
19
and
authentic.And
I
gradually
found
I
really
need
to
20
my
quiet
and
safe
area
now.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小一直听从各种命令，其中最为常见的命令是保持沉默，这也让作者有自己的内心世界，导致不会表达和沟通。后来，为了解决这个情况，作者也做出一系列措施，最终让自己可以从自己的世界里走出来，不再沉默。
1．A.Obey　　　　　　　　
B．Refuse
C．Reward
D．Thank
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：听从父母。A.Obey听从，服从；B.Refuse拒绝；
C．Reward奖励；D.Thank感谢。从本段第一句话“When
I
was
younger,
I
was
accustomed
to
obeying
orders.Go
to
school.Go
to
play
basketball.”中单词obeying的原词复现可知，作者小的时候，习惯听从各种命令，这些命令有去上学，去打篮球，所以本题对于父母而言，作者也应该是听从，服从，故选A项。
答案：A
2．A.strange
B．practical
C．common
D．incredible
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中最为常见的一个命令就是保持沉默。A.strange
陌生的；B.practical实际的；C.common平常的，常见的；D.incredible不可相信的。前一句话“Go
to
school.Go
to
play
basketball.
1
the
parents.”作者举例要听从很多命令，而本句中“One
of
the
most
2
commands
was:
Be
quiet.”保持沉默却是这些命令里最为常见的，结合选项，故选C项。
答案：C
3．A.outer
B．inner
C．upper
D．physical
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我自己形成一个丰富的内心世界，并且我大部分的想法都是对我自己保留。A.outer外部的；B.inner内在的，内心的；C.upper上面的；D.physical身体上的。从后半句“and
my
thoughts
were
to
be
4
mostly
to
myself”可知，在这个世界里，作者可以保留自己大部分的想法，而不是听从别人的命令。所以这个世界是作者自己的内心世界。故选B项。
答案：B
4．A.sent
B．carried
C．kept
D．introduced
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.sent发送，派遣；B.carried举起；C.kept保留；D.introduced介绍。从本句“I
developed
a
rich
3
world”可知，作者自己形成一个丰富的内心世界，那么既然是属于自己的世界，就可以在这里保留自己的想法。故选C项。
答案：C
5．A.negative
B．curious
C．particular
D．positive
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从积极的一方面来说，那样可以让我自己更独立。A.negative消极的；B.curious好奇的；C.particular特别的；D.positive积极的。从下句“But
it
also
caused
that
I
didn't
experience
what
I
wanted,
as
the
wants
and
the
communication
both
got
stopped
by
a
blanket
of
7
.”可知与本句形成转折关系，而这句主要讲述了作者体验不到自己想要的，是一种消极的、负面的事情，所以本题应该是讲的积极的、正面的事情，结合选项，故选D项。
答案：D
6．A.self?respected
B．self?dependent
C．self?released
D．self?evident
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.self?respected自尊的；B.self?dependent自立的；C.self?released自我释放的；D.self?evident明摆的。从上文“I
developed
a
rich
3
world
and
my
thoughts
were
to
be
4
mostly
to
myself.”可知对于作者自己的内心世界而言，只有自己跟自己，没有别人，这说明作者会变得更自立。故选B。
答案：B
7．A.silence
B．blame
C．surprise
D．noise
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是因为沉默使想要的和沟通都受阻止，这也会让我都没有经历过自己想要的。A.silence沉默；B.blame责备；C.surprise惊讶；D.noise噪音。从上文中“my
thoughts
were
to
be
4
mostly
to
myself”作者自己的想法只被自己保留下来，并没有表达出来或者与人沟通，所以本题中阻止了作者想要的和与人沟通的是沉默。故选A项。
答案：A
8．A.communicate
B．hear
C．argue
D．complain
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：很久之后，我才知道是可以与人沟通需求、愿望和感受的。A.communicate沟通；B.hear听见；C.argue争论；D.complain抱怨。从上一段“the
wants
and
the
communication
both
got
stopped
by
a
blanket
of
7
”可知，之前的我只是会用沉默来代替表达想法和与人沟通，所以在很长一段时间之后，作者才知道，关于想法、需求和感受都是可以沟通的。故选A项。
答案：A
9．A.training
B．inviting
C．encouraging
D．forbidding
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我再长大一些，我发现人们鼓励我要把自己打开，并且更多地分享。A.training培训；B.inviting邀请；C.encouraging鼓励；D.forbidding禁止。从下文中“When
people
wanted
to
know
more
about
me”可知，作者在举例人们想要更多地了解作者，这说明人们对于作者把自己解放出来，并更多地与人分享这件事上是鼓励的。故选C项。
答案：C
10．A.related
to
B．devoted
to
C．aware
of
D．used
to
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不习惯。A.related
to相关的；B.devoted
to致力于；C.aware
of注意到；D.used
to习惯于。根据“That
was
difficult
to
do
though.I
wasn't
10
it.”可知，当作者被鼓励多与人沟通分享时，他发现这样做对他来说很难，难是因为这不符合他之前一直用沉默代替一切的做法，所以对于现在的他来说，他还不习惯于这种做法。故选D项。
答案：D
11．A.both
B．one
C．it
D．each
解析：考查代词。句意：当人们想要更多地了解我的时候，就像是他们是一束燃烧着的光戳进我的内心。A.both两者都；B.one一个；C.it它；D.each每一个。从下文中“felt
like
they
were
shining
a
burning
spotlight
into
my
12
”让作者感觉像一束燃烧的光戳进作者的内心的是指前面人们想更多地了解作者的这件事，所以需要代词it来替代。故选C项。
答案：C
12．A.body
B．soul
C．room
D．house
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.body身体；B.soul灵魂，内心；C.room空间，房间；D.house房子。从上文中“When
people
wanted
to
know
more
about
me”当人们想了解作者更多的时候，说明他们是想要知道作者内心的想法的，所以这件事是戳进作者的内心里的，故选B项。
答案：B
13．A.stuck
B．happy
C．free
D．moved
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：但是这让我困在我自己的想法里。stuck
inside(困在，陷入)为固定搭配。故选A项。
答案：A
14．A.profits
B．mistakes
C．Improvements
D．promises
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能谈论我所感受的、需要的和想要的，没有人能帮我改善。A.profits利润；B.mistakes错误；C.improvements改善；D.promises承诺。从下文中“Even
if
people
offered
15
，
it
was
misguided
because
they
didn't
really
know
what
I
wanted.”可知，即使有人提供支持，也会有误导，因为他们不知道作者真正想要的是什么，这说明没人能帮作者改善作者不分享不表达的情况。故选C项。
答案：C
15．A.support
B．money
C．meals
D．courses
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使有人提供帮助，也会有误导，因为他们不知道我真正想要的是什么。A.support支持，帮助；B.money钱；C.meals饭；D.courses课程。从上文“I
found
people
9
me
to
open
up
and
share
more”和“no
one
could
help
me
make
14
”可知人们鼓励作者打开自己，更多与人分享自己的真实想法，并且人们也是会帮助支持作者的，故选A项。
答案：A
16．A.forget
B．guess
C．doubt
D．declare
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不猜测，但是他们的猜测是错误的。A.forget忘记；B.guess猜测；C.doubt怀疑；D.declare宣称。从本句中“but
their
guesses
were
wrong”可知，他们也是不得已才猜测的，但还是猜错了。故选B项。
答案：B
17．A.statement
B．right
C．space
D．development
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了寻求个人发展，我读了许多书和听了许多节目。A.statement陈述；B.right权力；C.space空间；D.development发展。从文中“I
read
lots
of
books
and
listened
to
many
audio
programs”可知，作者读了许多书并听了许多节目都是为了作者自己个人的发展，故选D项。
答案：D
18．A.wrote
B．reported
C．shared
D．created
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们分享他们的故事、目标、野心、错误和感受的时候，我很喜欢。A.wrote写；B.reported报道；C.shared分享；D.created制造。故选C项。
答案：C
19．A.horrible
B．honest
C．amusing
D．amazing
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当这个时候，我遇到一些事，这些事让我觉得是真诚且逼真的。A.horrible恐怖的；B.honest诚实的，真诚的；C.amusing有趣的；D.amazing令人惊异的。故选B项。
答案：B
20．A.walk
around
B．build
up
C．stay
inside
D．step
out
of
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：渐渐地我发现，现在我真的需要从自己的沉默和安全区域走出来。A.walk
around走，散步；B.build
up建立；C.stay
inside待在里面；D.step
out
of走出，摆脱。从前面的“in
order
to
seek
for
personal
17
，
I
read
lots
of
books
and
listened
to
many
audio
programs”可知，听节目和看书都是为了作者个人发展，经过这一系列的学习，作者最终明白了自己需要从以前那种状态里走出来了，故选D项。
答案：D
B
(2020·安徽合肥高三第三次质检)Music
is
something
I
could
never
live
without.As
a
little
kid,
singing
my
heart
out
and
trying
out
for
the
school
play
really
made
me
1
.There
was
nothing
that
could
keep
me
away
from
my
2
until
high
school.
Every
eighth
grader
who
wanted
to
be
in
the
high
school
show
choir
3
the
audition(试唱)
for
a
program.When
it
was
my
4
to
enter
the
room,
I
got
very
5
—my
throat
was
dry
and
my
heart
raced.The
audition
6
like
this,
the
introduction,
the
song
of
choice
and
the
range
check—the
choir
director
played
a
note
on
the
piano
which
I
had
to
7
.Before
I
knew
it,
the
audition
was
over.I
felt
nothing
but
8
，
for
the
vibrato
(颤音)
was
amazing
and
I
also
hit
every
9
.
Weeks
passed
and
the
list
of
who
had
made
it
into
the
show
choir
was
posted.When
I
was
10
the
show
choir
list,
I
found
my
name.
11
，
this
wasn't
what
I
had
expected.“Angelica—alternate
(候补者)．”
An
alternate?
Was
my
audition
that
12
？
I
thought
to
myself.After
I
saw
this,
my
13
disappeared.My
outside
showed
I
wasn't
14
but
on
the
inside
my
whole
world
had
broken
up.I
had
no
15
of
taking
the
show
choir
at
all.
A
year
later,
one
day
I
was
at
a
restaurant
that
held
karaoke
to
the
customers.My
parents
begged
me
to
go
up
and
sing.I
said
no
at
first
but
finally
I
got
enough
16
to
go
up.It
made
me
17
at
the
beginning,
but
I
started
off
my
song
and
gained
more
confidence
as
I
continued.When
I
hit
the
high
notes
in
“I
know
I'm
not
the
only
one”，
the
people
eating
cheered
for
me.I
18
I
hadn't
got
into
one
program
but
that
did
not
mean
I
had
to
give
up
all
hope,
and
that
I
19
had
that
passion.The
lesson
I
learned
was
if
you
are
20
or
do
not
get
the
outcome
you
want,
and
it
is
something
you're
in
love
with,
don't
give
up.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者很喜欢音乐，直到高中参加一个唱诗班的试唱，作者落选后自信消失了。一年后，作者再次站上舞台唱歌，才意识到如果你被拒绝了，或者没有得到你想要的结果，而这是你喜欢的东西，不要放弃。
1．A.stressed　　　　　　
B．quiet
C．confused
D．happy
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个小孩，唱出我的心声和尝试为学校演出真的让我高兴。A.stressed紧张的；B.quiet安静的；C.confused困惑的；D.happy高兴的，快乐的。结合上文“Music
is
something
I
could
never
live
without.”可推知，作者喜欢音乐，因此能够唱出自己的心声和尝试为学校演出很让作者高兴。故选D。
答案：D
2．A.adventure
B．curiosity
C．passion
D．sympathy
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有什么能让我远离我的激情直到高中。A.adventure冒险；B.curiosity好奇心；C.passion激情；D.sympathy同情。根据最后一段中had
that
passion可知，此处指音乐是作者的激情所在。故选C。
答案：C
3．A.attended
B．held
C．passed
D．abandoned
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一个想加入高中合唱团的八年级学生都会参加一个节目的试唱。A.attended出席；B.held握住；C.passed通过；D.abandoned抛弃。结合下文the
audition
for
a
program可知，是参加一个节目的试唱。故选A。
答案：A
4．A.duty
B．privilege
C．habit
D．turn
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到我进房间时，我变得非常紧张——嗓子发干，心跳加速。A.duty义务；B.privilege特权；C.habit习惯；D.turn轮次，变化。作者参加试唱，轮到作者进入房间了，be
one's
turn
“轮到某人”。故选D。
答案：D
5．A.calm
B．touched
C．nervous
D．angry
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.calm平静的；B.touched感动的；C.nervous紧张的；D.angry愤怒的。结合下文“my
throat
was
dry
and
my
heart
raced”可知，作者很紧张。故选C。
答案：C
6．A.ended
B．went
C．occurred
D．changed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：试唱是这样进行的：介绍、选歌和音域检查——合唱团指挥在钢琴上弹了一个音符，我必须配合。A.ended结束；B.went进行，离开；C.occurred发生；D.changed改变。结合下文“the
introduction,
the
song
of
choice
and
the
range
check”可知，是在介绍试唱的流程，表示“试唱是这样进行的”。故选B。
答案：B
7．A.match
B．take
C．learn
D．review
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.match相配，匹配；B.take带走；C.learn学习；D.review回顾。结合上文“the
choir
director
played
a
note
on
the
piano
which
I
had
to”可知，合唱团指挥在钢琴上弹了一个音符，作者必须能配合得上。故选A。
答案：A
8．A.guilt
B．relief
C．regret
D．pain
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到无比的放松，因为颤音棒极了，我也敲准了每个音符。A.guilt内疚；B.relief放松，减轻；C.regret遗憾；D.pain痛苦。结合下文“for
the
vibrato
was
amazing”可知，作者觉得自己表现得很好，感到很放松。故选B。
答案：B
9．A.note
B．target
C．post
D．wall
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.note音符，笔记；B.target目标；C.post帖子；D.wall墙壁。结合上文“the
choir
director
played
a
note”可知，作者配合上了每一个音符。故选A。
答案：A
10．A.drawing
up
B．handing
in
C．taking
down
D．looking
through
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我在浏览唱诗班的名单时，我找到了我的名字。A.drawing
up拟订；B.handing
in递给；C.taking
down记下；D.looking
through浏览。结合下文the
show
choir
list可知，是指浏览唱诗班名单。故选D。
答案：D
11．A.Otherwise
B．Therefore
C．However
D．Instead
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不是我所期望的。A.Otherwise否则；B.Therefore因此；C.However然而；D.Instead相反。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选C。
答案：C
12．A.familiar
B．terrible
C．impressive
D．natural
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的试唱有那么糟糕吗？A.familiar熟悉的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.impressive感人的；D.natural自然的。结合上文可知作者是候补者，因此反思是不是自己的试唱太糟糕了。故选B。
答案：B
13．A.patience
B．imagination
C．independence
D．confidence
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看到这些之后，我的信心消失了。A.patience耐心；B.imagination想象力；C.independence独立；D.confidence自信。结合下文“My
outside
showed
I
wasn't
14
but
on
the
inside
my
whole
world
had
broken
up.”可知，作者内心崩溃了，因此信心也消失了。故选D。
答案：D
14．A.sad
B．cool
C．serious
D．grateful
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的外表显示我并不悲伤，但内心我的整个世界都破碎了。A.sad悲伤的；B.cool凉爽的；C.serious严肃的；D.grateful感激的。结合下文“on
the
inside
my
whole
world
had
broken
up”可知，作者试唱落选，虽然外表显示出作者并不悲伤，但是内心破碎了。故选A。
答案：A
15．A.wisdom
B．chance
C．intention
D．impression
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我根本不想参加合唱团演出了。A.wisdom智慧；B.chance机会；C.intention打算，意图；D.impression印象。试唱落选让作者备受打击，因此没有再想参加合唱团的打算了。have
no
intention
of“没有……的打算”。故选C。
答案：C
16．A.courage
B．knowledge
C．luck
D．permission
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初我说不，但最后我有了足够的勇气上去。A.courage勇气；B.knowledge知识；C.luck运气；D.permission允许。结合上文可知高中时参加唱诗班试唱落选给作者的音乐生涯带来了打击，作者失去了自信，因此一年后作者需要有足够的勇气才能再次站上舞台唱歌。故选A。
答案：A
17．A.march
B．relax
C．sweat
D．complain
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：刚开始的时候，这让我汗流浃背，但我还是坚持了下来，并在继续的过程中获得了更多的自信。A.march前进；B.relax放松；C.sweat出汗；D.complain抱怨。作者很久没有在舞台上唱歌，因此刚开始时肯定会紧张流汗。其他选项不符合语境。故选C。
答案：C
18．A.doubted
B．realized
C．promised
D．advocated
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我没有进入一个项目，但这并不意味着我必须放弃所有的希望，我仍然有激情。A.doubted怀疑；B.realized意识到；C.promised承诺；D.advocated提倡。下文“I
hadn't
got
into
one
program
but
that
did
not
mean
I
had
to
give
up
all
hope”是作者意识到(realized)自己没能进入一个项目，但并不意味着必须放弃所有的希望。故选B。
答案：B
19．A.just
B．yet
C．even
D．still
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.just只是；B.yet然而；C.even甚至；D.still仍然。结合下文had
that
passion可知，作者仍然拥有对音乐的激情。故选D。
答案：D
20．A.laid
off
B．turned
down
C．looked
down
upon
D．made
fun
of
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从中学到的教训是，如果你被拒绝了，或者没有得到你想要的结果，而这是你喜欢的东西，不要放弃。A.laid
off下岗；B.turned
down拒绝，关小；C.looked
down
upon看不起；D.made
fun
of开玩笑。结合下文“or
do
not
get
the
outcome
you
want”可知，此处指被拒绝或没有得到想要的结果。故选B。
答案：B(共58张PPT)
第五节　熟词生义切记牢
熟词生义是近几年高考完形填空中不断出现的词汇活用现象。2020年和2019年全国卷Ⅰ都考查了熟词生义，2018年全国卷Ⅲ也有3处熟词生义的考查。
[方法点津]
　
对于一些熟悉单词的生僻含义，考生往往把握不准，给做题造成障碍。所以在备考时要注意根据单词本义以及词根，结合单词所处语境推断单词的生僻含义，并尽可能多地掌握多义词的含义。
[典例剖析]
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ节选)Maybe
it's
an
unreasonable
fear.But
the
58.bottom
line
is
that
I
shouldn't
lie
to
my
kids.I
should
just
59
repeatedly
having
to
say,
“No.We
can't
go
outside
now.”
Then
when
they
come
to
other
doors
in
life,
be
they
real
or
metaphorical,
they
won't
60.hesitate
to
open
them
and
walk
through.
59．A.delay　　　　　　
B．regret
C．enjoy
D．accept
[答题思路]本题可以利用熟词生义法答题。句意：我只是应该忍受不得不重复地说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A.delay推迟；B.regret后悔；C.enjoy享受；D.accept接受，此处意为“承受，忍受”。这里需要通过熟词生义的技巧来确定答案，也可以理解为自己应当接受的事实。故选D。
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ节选)However,
I
soon
45.discover
that
much
has
changed
since
the
days
of
disturbing
reports
of
46.camps
among
tons
of
rubbish.I
find
a
47.clean
mountain,
with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths.The
environmental
challenges
are
48
but
the
efforts
made
by
the
Tanzania
National
Park
Authority
seem
to
be
49.paying
off.
48．A.new
B．special
C．significant
D．necessary
[答题思路]本题可以利用熟词生义和语境推测法解题。上文提到乞力马扎罗山有众多游客，而且有很多垃圾，还有令人心烦的诸多报道，由此可知，这里面临的环境挑战是值得注意的。部分考生因对significant的理解仅停留在very
important这一层，导致错误地排除正确选项。事实上，《牛津词典》中的significant还有另外一层意思：large
or
important
enough
to
have
an
effect
or
to
be
noticed(重大到足以产生影响或引起注意)，由此可知significant符合语境，故选C。
A
(2020·湖南师大附中高三月考)What
makes
a
gift
special?
Is
it
the
1
you
see
on
the
gift
receipt?
Or
is
it
the
look
on
the
receiver's
face
that
determines
the
2
value?
What
gift
is
worth
the
most?
One
evening,
I
was
3
what
Christmas
gift
to
give
my
father.My
dad
is
a
4
person
to
buy
for
because
he
never
wants
anything.When
I
pulled
out
my
phone
to
read
a
message,
my
eyes
5
on
a
photo
of
a
flower
underneath
a
poem
by
William
Blake.The
flower,
a
lone
dandelion
standing
against
the
bright
blue
sky，
6
me.Dad
had
been
reciting
the
7
to
me
since
I
was
a
kid.That
was
the
8
reason
why
I
took
to
writing.I
9
that
those
words
would
be
my
gift
to
my
father.
I
sent
the
10
to
my
computer
and:
typed
the
poem
on
top
of
it.As
I
was
11
the
details,
another
poem
by
Edgar
Allan
Poe
came
to
12
.The
poem
was
focused
around
13
and
Dad
recited
it
as
much
as
he
did
the
other.So
I
typed
that
out
as
well
and
searched
online
for
a
14
to
the
words
of
it.After
searching
I
found
the
15
picture.The
picture
was
painted
with
blues
and
greens
and
purples,
16
together
to
create
the
theme
and
wonder
of
a
dream.As
I
watched
both
poems
17
the
printer,
the
white
paper
being
colored
with
words
that
18
my
childhood,
I
felt
that
this
was
a
gift
that
my
father
would
19
appreciate.
Christmas
soon
arrived.The
minute
I
saw
the
look
on
my
dad's
face
as
he
20
those
black
letters
carefully
placed
in
a
frame
(框),
I
knew
I
had
given
the
perfect
gift.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为父亲制作圣诞礼物的过程，作者用一片真心为父亲做出了一份他喜欢的礼物。
1．A.word　　　　　　　　
B．price
C．time
D．item
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：礼物的特别之处是什么？是你在礼物收据上看到的价格吗？
A．word
单词；B.price
价格；C.time
时间；D.item条款，项目。根据空后的“you
see
on
the
gift
receipt”可知，此处指“价格”。故选B。
答案：B
2．A.small
B．big
C．common
D．true
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还是接受者的面部表情决定了真正的价值？
A．small小的；B.big
大的；C.common共同的；D.true
真实的。根据空后的value可知，此处指礼物“真正的”价值。故选D。
答案：D
3．A.considering
B．discussing
C．purchasing
D．sending
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我正在考虑给父亲什么圣诞礼物。A.considering
考虑；B.discussing
讨论；C.purchasing购置；D.sending
邮寄。根据空后的“what
Christmas
gift
to
give
my
father”可知，此处指“考虑”买什么礼物。故选A。
答案：A
4．A.traditional
B．wealthy
C．difficult
D．silent
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸是个很难给他买东西的人，因为他什么都不想要。A.traditional传统的；B.wealthy富有的；C.difficult困难的；D.silent
沉默的。根据空后的“person
to
buy
for
because
he
never
wants
anything”可知，此处指为父亲买礼物是“困难的”。故选C。
答案：C
5．A.looked
B．fell
C．relied
D．took
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我拿出手机读一条短信时，我的目光落在了William
Blake的一首诗下面的一张照片上，那是一朵花。A.looked看；B.fell
掉下；C.relied
依靠；D.took拿走。根据本句“my
eyes
5
on
a
photo
of
a
flower
underneath
a
poem
by
William
Blake”可知，此处指目光“落在”照片上。故选B。
答案：B
6．A.shocked
B．occupied
C．inspired
D．engaged
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：那朵孤独的蒲公英站在蔚蓝的天空下，给了我灵感。A.shocked
使震动；B.occupied占有；C.inspired鼓舞；D.engaged雇用，参加。
此处指蒲公英给了作者“灵感”。故选C。
答案：C
7．A.poem
B．rule
C．value
D．flower
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从我小时候起，爸爸就一直在给我朗诵这首诗。
A．poem诗；B.rule
规则；C.value
价值；D.flower花。
根据上文的a
poem
by
William
Blake可知，小时候父亲为作者朗诵这首“诗”。故选A。
答案：A
8．A.same
B．very
C．economic
D．practical
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是我开始写作的原因。A.same相同的；B.very
恰好的；C.economic经济的；D.practical切合实际的。
此处指这“正是”写作的原因。故选B。
答案：B
9．A.doubted
B．denied
C．proposed
D．decided
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定把这句话作为我送给父亲的礼物。A.doubted怀疑；B.denied
拒绝；C.proposed提议；D.decided决定。
根据空后的“those
words
would
be
my
gift
to
my
father”可知这是作者的“决定”。故选D。
答案：D
10．A.photo
B．message
C．gift
D．comment
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把照片发到电脑上，并在上面打出了那首诗。A.photo照片；B.message
消息；C.gift
礼物；D.comment评论。
根据上文的“on
a
photo
of
a
flower
underneath
a
poem
by
William
Blake”可知，此处指“照片”。故选A。
答案：A
11．A.sharing
B．revealing
C．arranging
D．providing
解析：考查动词词义辨析。
句意：在整理细节时，我想起了Edgar
Allan
Poe的另一首诗。A.sharing分享；B.revealing揭示；C.arranging安排；D.providing提供。
根据空后的“the
details,
another
poem
by
Edgar
Allan
Poe
came”可知，此处指“整理”细节时。故选C。
答案：C
12．A.life
B．power
C．light
D．mind
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。
A．life
生活；B.power
力量；C.light
光；D.mind理智，精神。固定搭配come
to
mind
“想到，出现在脑海中”。故选D。
答案：D
13．A.striving
B．dreaming
C．giving
D．writing
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这首诗集中在梦想上，爸爸也像念另一首诗一样反复朗诵。
A．striving
努力，奋斗；B.dreaming
梦想；C.giving给；D.writing写。
根据下文的“together
to
create
the
theme
and
wonder
of
a
dream”可知，此处指诗集中在“梦想上”。故选B。
答案：B
14．A.background
B．meaning
C．translation
D．purpose
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我也把它打了出来，在网上搜索了它的背景。
A．background背景；B.meaning
意义；C.translation翻译；D.purpose目的。
根据下文的“The
picture
was
painted
with
blues
and
greens
and
purples”可知，此处指为诗搜索“背景”。故选A。
答案：A
15．A.impressive
B．colorful
C．complex
D．matching
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：搜索之后，我找到了匹配的图片。A.impressive感人的；B.colorful
富有色彩的；C.complex复杂的；D.matching相配的。
根据空后的“The
picture
was
painted
with
blues
and
greens
and
purples”可知，此处指背景与诗“相配”。故选D。
答案：D
16．A.pulling
B．twisting
C．sticking
D．drawing
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这幅画用蓝、绿、紫交织在一起，营造出梦的主题和奇妙。A.pulling拉；B.twisting使弯曲；拧；C.sticking伸出；D.drawing绘画。根据空后的“together
to
create
the
theme
and
wonder
of
a
dream”可知，此处指颜色“交织”
在一起。故选B。
答案：B
17．A.putting
away
B．running
into
C．passing
through
D．getting
over
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我看着这两首诗通过打印机时，白纸被涂上了颜色，这些文字塑造了我的童年，我觉得这是父亲一定会欣赏的礼物。
A．putting
away
收起来放好；B.running
into
撞上；C.passing
through穿越，路过；D.getting
over复习。
根据空后的“the
printer,
the
white
paper
being
colored
with
words”可知，此处指诗“通过”打印机。故选C。
答案：C
18．A.shaped
B．illustrated
C．adjusted
D．saved
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.shaped影响……发展；B.illustrated表明；C.adjusted
调整；D.saved挽救。
根据本句“the
white
paper
being
colored
with
words
that
18
my
childhood”可知，文字“影响”了作者的童年。shape的常见意义为“使成为……现状”，此处需利用熟词生义技巧答题。故选A。
答案：A
19．A.hardly
B．originally
C．patiently
D．certainly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意见第17题解析。A.hardly几乎不；B.originally最初；C.patiently耐心地；D.certainly当然。
此处指作者认为父亲“当然”会欣赏。故选D。
答案：D
20．A.analyzed
B．delivered
C．unwrapped
D．signed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当爸爸打开那些精心装在相框里的黑色字母时，我看到他的表情，我知道我送了一份完美的礼物。A.analyzed分析；B.delivered递送；C.unwrapped打开；D.signed署名。根据空后的“those
black
letters
carefully
placed
in
a
frame,
I
knew
I
had
given
the
perfect
gift”可知，此处指父亲“打开”礼物。故选C。
答案：C
B
(2020·黑龙江哈尔滨市第三中学三模)I
was
born
into
a
family
of
educators.Growing
up,
I
1
stories
about
my
grandfather,
a
headmaster
in
Guyana.His
wife
was
a
teacher.My
father
and
mother
continued
the
2
，
teaching
at
the
secondary
school
levels.As
we
3
National
Teacher
Appreciation
Week,
I
was
4
by
Charles
Blow's
Op?Ed
column
in
The
New
York
Times
to
5
two
teachers
who
had
never
failed
me:
my
parents.
I
hardly
remember
a
period
when
my
parents
were
not
engaged
in
the
act
of
6
and
teaching.When
I
was
born
in
1991,
my
dad,
William
Panaram,
was
trying
to
7
a
doctor's
degree
in
plant
science
in
North
Dakota.After
we
8
to
the
Bronx,
New
York,
my
mom,
Dhanwanti
Panaram,
started
night
9
to
get
a
master's
degree
in
nutrition.
10
my
mom
studied,
she
also
managed
a
full?time
job,
raised
me,
and
learned
a
new
city.
As
I
watched
their
schooling
11
，
I
learned
that
receiving
an
12
meant
much
more
than
getting
high
grades.In
fact,
a
true
education
has
meaning
when
its
learners
13
.
Both
my
parents
show
me
daily
how
to
live
as
a
good
14
.Both
teach
me
how
to
love.My
parents—my
educators
for
life—make
it
15
that
a
teacher's
job
is
16
the
classroom.A
meaningful
teacher
stays
with
students
17
，
in
mind
or
in
person.I
am
determined
to
be
a
teacher
myself,
helping
young
students
think
freely
and
18
their
own
ideas,
which
is
a
19
of
living,
learning,
and
loving
with
my
first
teachers.
National
Teacher
Appreciation
Week
might
come
around
once
a
year,
but
the
reality
is
that
every
single
day
we
need
to
thank
those
who
20
more
about
others
than
they
do
about
themselves.Who
will
you
thank
today?
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者出生于教育世家，从小受家庭影响，尤其是父母终身学习的影响，明白了接受教育的意义远不止获得高分，一个有意义的老师会永远和学生在一起。作者在文中表达了对父母的感激之情。
1．A.told　　　　　　　　
B．heard
C．made
D．wrote
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我出生在一个教育世家。从小到大，我听过我祖父的故事，他是圭亚那的一名校长。A.told告诉；B.heard听到；C.made制造；D.wrote写。此处指听到关于祖父的故事，故选B。
答案：B
2．A.culture
B．custom
C．tradition
D．job
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的妻子是一名教师。我的父亲和母亲延续了这一传统，在中学教书。A.culture文化；B.custom习惯；C.tradition传统；D.job工作。祖父是校长，祖母是教师，父母也都是教师，此处指父母延续了当教师的传统。故选C。
答案：C
3．A.celebrated
B．shared
C．congratulated
D．reported
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们庆祝“全国教师感恩周”的时候，我受到了Charles
Blow在《纽约时报》专栏的启发，感谢两位从未让我失望过的老师：我的父母。A.celebrated庆祝；B.shared分享；C.congratulated祝贺；D.reported报道。此处指庆祝全国教师感恩周活动，故选A。
答案：A
4．A.beaten
B．praised
C．read
D．inspired
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.beaten打败；B.praised赞扬；C.read读；D.inspired激发，鼓舞。作者受《纽约时报》专栏的启发，借庆祝“全国教师感恩周”的机会感谢父母。故选D。
答案：D
5．A.treat
B．entertain
C．recognize
D．thank
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见第3题解析。A.treat对待；B.entertain娱乐，招待；C.recognize认出，识别；D.thank感谢。根据下文“Both
teach
me
how
to
love.My
parents—my
educators
for
life”和最后一段“we
need
to
thank
those”可知，是感谢父母。故选D。
答案：D
6．A.acting
B．learning
C．feeding
D．supporting
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我几乎不记得父母有一段时间没有从事学习和教学活动。A.acting表演；B.learning学习；C.feeding饲养；D.supporting支持。通过下文父母攻读学位可知，他们时刻在学习，故选B。
答案：B
7．A.consult
B．abandon
C．admire
D．acquire
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：1991年我出生的时候，我的父亲William正在北达科他州攻读植物科学博士学位。A.consult咨询，请教；B.abandon遗弃，放弃；C.admire钦佩，赞美；D.acquire获得，取得。由句意可知是获得学位，故选D。
答案：D
8．A.turned
B．referred
C．moved
D．settled
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们搬到纽约布朗克斯区后，我妈妈Dhanwanti开始上夜校，以获得营养学硕士学位。A.turned转动；B.referred涉及，参考；C.moved搬家；D.settled定居，解决。move和to搭配，指搬家到某地，故选C。
答案：C
9．A.clubs
B．classes
C．bands
D．films
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.clubs俱乐部；B.classes课；C.bands乐队；D.films电影。根据空后的“to
get
a
master's
degree”可知是在夜校上课，故选B。
答案：B
10．A.But
B．Because
C．While
D．Although
解析：考查连词辨析。句意：在我母亲学习的同时，她还管理着一份全职工作，抚养我，并了解一个新的城市。A.But但是；B.Because因为；C.While在……期间，尽管；D.Although尽管。此处指母亲获得营养学硕士学位期间，故选C。
答案：C
11．A.experiences
B．movements
C．positions
D．benefits
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到他们的求学经历时，我明白了接受教育的意义远不止获得高分。A.experiences经历；B.movements运动；C.positions位置；D.benefits利益，好处。此处指父母求学的经历，继续深造的经历。故选A。
答案：A
12．A.instruction
B．examination
C．education
D．award
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.instruction指令，命令；B.examination考试；C.education教育；D.award奖。根据下文“a
true
education
has
meaning”可知是真正的教育的意义，故选C。
答案：C
13．A.take
back
B．give
back
C．look
back
D．call
back
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，真正的教育只有在学习者回馈的时候才有意义。A.take
back拿回，撤销；B.give
back回馈，归还；C.look
back回顾；D.call
back回电话，收回。此处需要利用熟词生义技巧答题。give
back常用的意义为“归还”，此处是指学习者的回馈，故选B。
答案：B
14．A.learner
B．believer
C．conductor
D．performer
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母每天都教我如何成为一个好的学习者。A.learner学习者；B.believer信徒；C.conductor指挥；D.performer表演者。与上文“a
true
education
has
meaning
when
its
learners”呼应，作者认为父母是好的学习者。故选A。
答案：A
15．A.independent
B．important
C．necessary
D．clear
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母——我一生的教育工作者——清楚地告诉我，教师的工作不仅仅是在教室里。A.independent独立的；B.important重要的；C.necessary必要的；D.clear清楚的。父母通过自身行为让作者清楚明白了教育的意义，故选D。
答案：D
16．A.beyond
B．across
C．inside
D．to
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.beyond超过；B.across穿过；C.inside在……里面；D.to对于，朝。根据下文“A
meaningful
teacher
stays
with
students
17
，
in
mind
or
in
person.”可知，教师的工作是超出教室的，故选A。
答案：A
17．A.even
B．forever
C．before
D．once
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个有意义的老师会永远和学生在一起，无论是在心里还是在身边。A.even甚至；B.forever永远；C.before以前，过去；D.once一次，曾经。根据空后的“in
mind
or
in
person”可知是永远和学生在一起，故选B。
答案：B
18．A.stop
B．accept
C．receive
D．develop
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决心成为一名教师，帮助年轻学生自由思考，发展自己的想法，这是我和我的启蒙老师一起生活、学习和热爱的结果。A.stop停止；B.accept接受，承认；C.receive收到；D.develop发展，进步。根据think
freely
和their
own
ideas可知是鼓励学生发展自己的观点，故选D。
答案：D
19．A.purpose
B．decision
C．result
D．chance
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.purpose目的；B.decision决定；C.result结果；D.chance机会。此处指作者的决心是受父母长期影响的结果，故选C。
答案：C
20．A.care
B．wait
C．account
D．look
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“全国教师感恩周”可能每年举行一次，但现实是，每一天我们都需要感谢那些关心别人胜过关心自己的人。A.care关心；B.wait等待；C.account解释，导致；D.look看。与上文“A
meaningful
teacher
stays
with
students
17
，
in
mind
or
in
person.”呼应，care
about“关心”，故选A。
答案：A(共67张PPT)
题型专项
题型三
完型填空
2018～2020全国卷完形填空考频统计
　　项目
卷别　　
语篇
类型
主题语境
考点分布
动词(短语)
名词(短语)
形容词(短语)
副词
介词(短语)
2020
卷Ⅰ
记叙文
人与自我·做人与做事
6
8
3
2
1
卷Ⅱ
记叙文
人与社会·艺术
11
4
3
2
－
卷Ⅲ
记叙文
人与社会·人际沟通
8
3
6
1
2
　　项目
卷别　　
语篇
类型
主题语境
考点分布
动词(短语)
名词(短语)
形容词(短语)
副词
介词(短语)
2019
卷Ⅰ
记叙文
人与自然·环境保护
8
7
4
1
－
卷Ⅱ
记叙文
人与社会·人际沟通
9
5
3
2
1
卷Ⅲ
说明文
人与社会·科学与技术
8
5
5
2
－
2018
卷Ⅰ
记叙文
人与自我·生活与学习
9
8
2
1
－
卷Ⅱ
记叙文
人与自我·做人与做事
10
3
4
2
1
卷Ⅲ
记叙文
人与社会·人际沟通
10
6
4
－
－
[考情分析]
通过对近三年全国卷完形填空题的分析，设空词类主要是四类词：动词(短语)、名词(短语)、形容词(短语)、副词，偶尔还涉及介词(短语)等。在考査语言知识的能力上，更突出了“语境优先，重在运用”的命题导向。考生要避免过分关注结构而忽视对语篇语境的理解和把握。
[考查项目]
该题型旨在考查考生在阅读理解基础上综合运用词汇知识、语法知识的能力，
着重考查考生对语篇的理解和对实词的运用。涉及阅读理解能力、词汇辨析能力、分析判断能力、
逻辑推理能力和语篇能力等。
[考查角度]
(考查内容)从涉及文章内容的范围可分为2类：语篇题和句子题；从考查的角度可分为3类：上下文关系类、词语理解和搭配类及语法知识运用类；从考查的具体内容分则有更多类型。
第一节　利用首句悟整篇
完形填空首句一般不设空，这是为了给考生提供一个清晰而完整的背景。记叙文首句往往介绍事件发生的时间、地点、人物和起因等细节信息，说明文和议论文一般通过文章首句点明全文的主题。仔细分析文章的首句，往往能获取许多解题信息，从而节省做题时间。
[方法点津]　
完形填空一般选用记叙文作为命题材料，偶有说明文或议论文。但无论哪种文体，文章的首句对整篇文章的理解是至关重要的。仔细研读文章的首句，可以较好地把握文章的主旨大意。在知道了文章的主旨大意后，许多小题都可以顺利解答。总之，做完形填空题，把握文章的主旨大意是很重要的，而突破点往往在文章的首句。
[典例剖析]
1．利用首句可以帮助我们判断文章的语篇类型，捕捉文章的要素，预测故事的发展。
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅰ节选)Since
our
twins
began
learning
to
walk,
my
wife
and
I
have
kept
telling
them
that
our
sliding
glass
door
is
just
a
window.
直接信息
文章首句将作者身份、故事的背景、地点和主要内容完全交代出来，由此可以基本判定本文为记叙文
预测信息
根据首句信息可知，下文应该是讲述作者为何把自家的玻璃推拉门说成窗户和由此引发的故事
(2019·高考北京卷节选)Regardless
of
the
weather
or
the
distance,
Paul
Wilson
will
make
sure
low?income
students
in
his
neighbourhood
arrive
at
their
college
classes
on
time.
直接信息
首句介绍了威尔逊总在努力确保自己社区那些低收入家庭的大学生能按时赶到自己的课堂，
由此可以基本判定本文是记叙文
预测信息
后文中很可能讲述威尔逊接送大学生，并积极帮助他们解决生活中遇到的难题的故事
2.利用首句可抓住文章的核心及中心话题，这对于理解全文和解题有着重要的启示作用。
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ节选)As
a
businesswoman,
I
care
deeply
about
my
customers.
直接信息
首句介绍了作者作为一名商人，特别关注自己的顾客，
由此可以基本判定本文是记叙文
预测信息
后文中很可能讲述作者做生意的过程中与顾客发生的故事，讲述他如何处理与顾客的关系等内容
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ节选)Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro,
the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.
直接信息
首句“每年大约有4万人试图攀登乞力马扎罗山”直接点明文章的中心话题
预测信息
下文很可能是这些人群造成了这个地方的环境污染以及污染治理的情况
A
(2020·四川棠湖中学高三下第四次月考)When
she
was
16,
Joanne
learned
that
she
was
adopted
and
that
her
birth
mother
was
a
woman
named
Lillian
and
that
she
had
died
days
after
giving
birth
to
her.Feeling
betrayed
and
confused,
Joanne
spent
many
nights
crying，
1
what
her
birth
mother
had
been
like.And
yet,
some
part
of
her
believed
her
mother
was
still
2
.
The
doubts
3
Joanne
for
years.After
watching
her
4
，
in
2017,
when
Joanne
was
already
79
years
old,
her
daughter?in?law,
Shelley,
suggested
her
taking
a
DNA
5
.Shelley
thought
learning
something
about
her
6
family
might
give
Joanne
some
7
.
So
Joanne
took
the
test,
and
about
a
year
later
Shelley
received
a(n)
8
on
ancestry.com
from
a
man
named
Sam,
whose
genetic
report
had
9
him
with
Joanne.
Shelley
immediately
wrote
back
to
Sam,
asking
10
he
knew
a
Lillian.Yes,
Sam
said,
that
was
his
mother's
name.Almost
11
，
an
even
bigger
shock
came
that
Lillian
was
alive,
at
age
100—Joanne
had
been
12
all
along.
The
families
quickly
planned
a(n)
13
where
Lillian
lived.A
month
later,
Joanne
found
herself
sitting
across
from
the
mother
she
had
14
in
her
whole
life,
looking
at
Lillian,
who
suffered
from
dementia
(痴呆症)and
used
a
wheelchair.
“I
don't
know
if
she
15
me，”
Joanne
said.
She
told
Lillian
that
she
had
been
16
in
1940
and
that
she'd
been
told
her
birth
mother
had
17
.No
response.Joanne
started
to
cry.At
that
point,
her
mother
18
，
as
if
she
had
started
to
understand.Joanne
excitedly
19
telling
Lillian
all
about
her
children
and
grandchildren.Lillian
smiled.Then
she
said
the
words
Joanne
had
waited
more
than
60
years
to
hear:
“This
is
my
20
.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Joanne在她的儿媳Shelley的帮助下最终和自己亲生母亲Lillian相认的故事。
1．A.complaining　　　　　　
B．hoping
C．wondering
D．forgetting
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joanne感到被背叛和困惑，她哭了好几个晚上，想知道她的生母是什么样的。A.complaining抱怨；B.hoping希望；C.wondering想知道；D.forgetting忘记。由前文的confused可知，Joanne感到困惑，所以此处表示她想知道她的生母是什么样的。故选C。
答案：C
2．A.young
B．ill
C．pretty
D．alive
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可是，她有点相信她的母亲还活着。A.young年轻的；B.ill病的；C.pretty美丽的；D.alive活着的。由前文“that
she
had
died
days
after
giving
birth
to
her”可知，人们告诉Joanne，她母亲在生下她的几天后就去世了，所以此处表示Joanne觉得自己的母亲没有死，还活着。故选D。
答案：D
3．A.bothered
B．inspired
C．resisted
D．changed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些疑虑困扰了Joanne许多年。A.bothered使(某人)烦恼(或担忧、不安)；B.inspired启发；C.resisted抵制；D.changed改变。由空前名词doubts和后文描述可知，怀疑自己生母还活着的疑虑困扰了Joanne多年。故选A。
答案：A
4．A.sadness
B．illness
C．loneliness
D．happiness
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，Joanne已经79岁了，在目睹了她的悲伤之后，她的儿媳Shelley建议她进行DNA检测。A.sadness悲伤；B.illness疾病；C.loneliness孤独；D.happiness幸福。由前文“Feeling
betrayed
and
confused”和“The
doubts
3
Joanne
for
years.”可知，此处指Joanne为自己的身世和生母是否还活着感到悲伤。故选A。
答案：A
5．A.report
B．test
C．course
D．training
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.report报告；B.test测试，检测；C.course课程；D.training训练。结合常识，空前DNA和后文“So
Joanne
took
the
test”可知，此处指的是DNA检测。故选B。
答案：B
6．A.current
B．realistic
C．effective
D．biological
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Shelley认为了解一下她的亲生家庭可能会给Joanne带来一些平静。A.current当前的；B.realistic现实的；C.effective有效的；D.biological生物学的。由上文可知，Shelley建议Joanne做一个DNA检测，目的是寻找Joanne的亲生母亲和家庭。故选D。
答案：D
7．A.peace
B．advice
C．worry
D．mind
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.peace平静；B.advice建议；C.worry担忧；D.mind思维，大脑。由前文“The
doubts
3
Joanne
for
years.”可知，想知道自己的亲生母亲是否还活着的疑惑困扰了Joanne多年，所以此处表示如何了解到自己的亲生家庭，Joanne不会那么困惑，会平静下来。故选A。
答案：A
8．A.call
B．message
C．offer
D．chance
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此Joanne接受了DNA检测，大约一年后Shelley
收到网站ancestry.com上一个名叫
Sam的男人的信息，他的基因报告显示他和Joanne的基因匹配。A.call电话；B.message信息；C.offer出价；D.chance机会。由空后ancestry.com和“Shelley
immediately
wrote
back
to
Sam”可知，此处表示从网站上收到了一则信息。故选B。
答案：B
9．A.provided
B．replaced
C．matched
D．equipped
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.provided提供；B.replaced取代，替代；C.matched匹配；D.equipped装备。由后文“Shelley
immediately
wrote
back
to
Sam,
asking
10
he
knew
a
Lillian.Yes,
Sam
said,
that
was
his
mother's
name.”可知，Sam与Joanne的基因匹配。故选C。
答案：C
10．A.why
B．how
C．when
D．whether
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：Shelley立刻回信给Sam，问他是否认识一个叫Lillian的人。A.why为何；B.how如何；C.when何时；D.whether是否。由后一句“Yes,
Sam
said,
that
was
his
mother's
name.”可知，此处需用连词whether“是否”引导宾语从句。故选D。
答案：D
11．A.immediately
B．unbelievably
C．naturally
D．fortunately
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，100岁的Lillian还活着——Joanne一直都是对的。A.immediately立刻，马上；B.unbelievably难以置信地；C.naturally自然地；D.fortunately幸运地。由空后“an
even
bigger
shock
came
that
Lillian
was
alive,
at
age
100”可知，Lillian
100岁了，还健在，这让人难以置信。故选B。
答案：B
12．A.mistaken
B．confident
C．right
D．urgent
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.mistaken被误解的；B.confident自信的；C.right对的；D.urgent紧急的，紧迫的。由前文“And
yet,
some
part
of
her
believed
her
mother
was
still
2
”可知，Joanne觉得自己的母亲还活着，所以此处表示Joanne的想法是对的。故选C。
答案：C
13．A.reunion
B．speech
C．party
D．operation
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：家人很快计划在Lillian住的地方团聚。A.reunion团聚；B.speech演讲；C.party聚会；D.operation手术。由前文可知，Joanne的母亲还活着，所以此处表示Joanne的家人给她们安排了一次团聚。故选A。
答案：A
14．A.found
out
B．gone
through
C．relied
on
D．searched
for
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个月后，Joanne自己坐在她一生寻找的母亲对面。A.found
out弄明白；B.gone
through经历，经受(尤指苦难或艰难时期)；C.relied
on依靠；D.searched
for寻找。由前文描述可知，Joanne一直都想找到自己的母亲。故选D。
答案：D
15．A.loves
B．raises
C．supports
D．recognizes
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道她是否认得出我。A.loves爱；B.raises养育，提高；C.supports支持；D.recognizes辨认。由前文“who
suffered
from
dementia
and
used
a
wheelchair”可知，
Joanne的生母Lillian患有老年痴呆症，所以此处表示Joanne不知道她是否认得出自己。故选D。
答案：D
16．A.caught
B．beaten
C．adopted
D．cheated
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉Lillian，她是在1940年被人收养的，并被告知她的母亲已经去世了。A.caught抓住；B.beaten打；C.adopted收养，领养；D.cheated欺骗。由前文“When
she
was
16,
Joanne
learned
that
she
was
adopted”可知，
Joanne是被别人收养的。故选C。
答案：C
17．A.given
up
B．run
away
C．passed
away
D．turned
up
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意见上题解析。A.given
up放弃；B.run
away逃跑；C.passed
away去世；D.turned
up出现。由前文“that
her
birth
mother
was
a
woman
named
Lillian
and
that
she
had
died
days
after
giving
birth
to
her”可知，此处指Joanne了解到她的生母去世了。故选C。
答案：C
18．A.slept
in
B．looked
up
C．came
out
D．took
off
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这时，她母亲抬起头来，好像已经开始明白了。A.slept
in睡过头；B.looked
up抬头看，查阅；C.came
out(书或光盘)出版，发行；D.took
off脱掉，起飞。由后文“Lillian
smiled.”可知，此处表示Lillian抬起了头。故选B。
答案：B
19．A.continued
B．avoided
C．considered
D．appreciated
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joanne兴奋地继续告诉Lillian她的孩子和孙子们的事情。A.continued继续；B.avoided避免；C.considered考虑；D.appreciated珍惜。由前一句可知，Joanne的母亲有了反应，所以此处表示她接着讲自己的故事。故选A。
答案：A
20．A.mother
B．daughter
C．name
D．life
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我的女儿。A.mother母亲；B.daughter女儿；C.name名字；D.life生活。由前文“Then
she
said
the
words
Joanne
had
waited
more
than
60
years
to
hear”可知，这60年来，Joanne最想听到的就是妈妈告诉她，这是我的女儿。故选B。
答案：B
B
(2020·黑龙江实验中学高三模拟)When
I
was
a
kid,
my
parents
sent
me
to
a
summer
camp
in
New
Hampshire.At
the
camp
we
did
tons
of
great
things
like
swimming,
sports
and
archery
(射箭),
but
for
me,
the
most
memorable
1
was
an
overnight
trip
of
mountain
climbing.If
you've
ever
2
a
mountain,
you
know
it's
a
physical
challenge,
3
when
you're
carrying
your
food
and
shelter
on
your
back.When
campers
got
4
，
they
certainly
started
complaining.
“How
much
farther
is
it？”
“I
can't
go
any
further.”
“My
5
is
too
heavy.Can
you
carry
it
for
me？”
The
reply
of
the
6
was,
“Suck
it
up
(不要再抱怨了)．”
The
truth
is
that
the
complaining
campers
were
7
near
the
point
of
8
.If
they
had
been,
the
teachers
would
have
noticed
the
9
and
given
them
care.The
kids
simply
weren't
used
to
the
physical
challenge.Once
they
realized
they
weren't
getting
any
sympathy
they
10
the
discomfort,
and
in
most
cases
11
having
a
great
time.In
my
camp
days,
I
don't
12
a
single
camper
complaining
at
the
13
of
the
mountain.
There
are
two
ways
to
deal
with
an
14
situation.You
can
complain,
or
you
can
make
the
best
of
it.If
you
complain,
you
might
feel
like
you're
getting
that
15
energy
out,
but
you
are
probably
not
going
to
cause
a
positive
change.It's
much
more
likely
that
your
complaining
will
cause
the
16
of
those
around
you.No
one
likes
a
complainer.They're
17
and
they
hurt
the
plaining
makes
life
18
for
everyone.Instead,
if
you
determine
to
master
your
own
19
，
to
move
past
it
and
focus
on
a
20
，
it's
my
experience
that
you'll
realize
it
wasn't
bad
in
the
first
place.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者小时候参加的一个夏令营的难忘经历和感悟。
1．A.experience　　　　　　
B．behavior
C．occasion
D．situation
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在夏令营里，我们做了很多有趣的事情，比如游泳、运动和射箭，但对我来说，最难忘的经历是一次夜间的登山。A.experience经历；B.behavior行为；C.occasion场合；D.situation情况。结合语境可知，夏令营中令我最难忘的是夜间登山的经历。故选A项。
答案：A
2．A.seen
B．reached
C．climbed
D．described
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你爬过山，你就会知道这是一种身体上的挑战，尤其是当你背着食物和帐篷的时候。A.seen看见；B.reached到达；C.climbed爬；D.described描述。结合前文“At
the
camp
we
did
tons
of
great
things
like
swimming,
sports
and
archery,
but
for
me,
the
most
memorable
1
was
an
overnight
trip
of
mountain
climbing.(在夏令营里，我们做了很多有趣的事情，比如游泳、运动和射箭，但对我来说，最难忘的经历是一次夜间的登山)”可知，此处作者的假设是如果你也爬过山。故选C项。
答案：C
3．A.especially
B．normally
C．obviously
D．naturally
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.especially特别地；B.normally通常地；C.obviously显然地；D.naturally自然地。结合前文“you
know
it's
a
physical
challenge(爬山是身体上的挑战，特别是背着食物和帐篷时)”可知选A项。
答案：A
4．A.ashamed
B．tired
C．puzzled
D．shocked
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当营员们累了的时候，他们开始抱怨了。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.tired疲倦的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.shocked震惊的。结合后文“they
certainly
started
complaining(他们当然要开始抱怨了)”推测是因为太累了才开始抱怨。故选B项。
答案：B
5．A.food
B．water
C．shelter
D．backpack
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的背包太重了。A.food食物；B.water水；C.shelter住所；D.backpack背包。结合前文“when
you're
carrying
your
food
and
shelter
on
your
back”可知，孩子们的背包很重，背了食物和帐篷。故选D项。
答案：D
6．A.parents
B．teachers
C．guides
D．partners
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们的答复是“不要再抱怨了”。A.parents父母；B.teachers老师；C.guides导游；D.partners合作伙伴。结合后文“If
they
had
been,
the
teachers
would
have
noticed
the
9
and
given
them
care.(如果是的话，老师们会注意到这些迹象并给予他们关怀)”可知，带我们夜间爬山的是老师，因此此处也是老师给孩子的答复。故选B项。
答案：B
7．A.somewhere
B．anywhere
C．nowhere
D．everywhere
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，抱怨的营员们还远未到精疲力尽的地步。A.somewhere哪里；B.anywhere任何地方；C.nowhere无处；D.everywhere到处。结合后文“If
they
had
been,
the
teachers
would
have
noticed
the
9
and
given
them
care.”可知，如果孩子们真的筋疲力尽，老师们会注意到并且给予他们关怀，而事实是孩子们还远未到筋疲力尽的地步。故选C项。
答案：C
8．A.camp
B．exhaustion
C．mountain
D．destination
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.camp营地；B.exhaustion筋疲力尽；C.mountain山；D.destination目的地。结合前文“When
campers
got
4
，
they
certainly
started
complaining.(孩子们虽然累了，但是远未到筋疲力尽的地步)”可知选B项。
答案：B
9．A.signs
B．activities
C．gestures
D．scenes
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果是的话，老师们会注意到这些迹象并给予他们关怀。A.signs迹象；B.activities活动；C.gestures手势；D.scenes场景。结合后文and
given
them
care可知，老师给予他们关怀是因为老师注意到了他们筋疲力尽的迹象。故选A项。
答案：A
10．A.shared
B．understood
C．suffered
D．overcame
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦他们意识到自己没得到同情，他们就会克服不适，在大多数情况下，最后会有一段好的体验。A.shared分享；B.understood理解；C.suffered痛苦；D.overcame战胜。结合后文“In
my
camp
days,
I
don't
12
a
single
camper
complaining
at
the
13
of
the
mountain.”大家都到了山顶上，并且没有一个人抱怨。可知，一旦没有得到同情，他们就自己克服了不适感，并且最后都到了山顶上。故选D项。
答案：D
11．A.couldn't
help
B．ended
up
C．insisted
on
D．gave
up
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意见上题解析。A.couldn't
help忍不住做；B.ended
up最后；C.insisted
on坚持；D.gave
up放弃。结合前文“they
overcame
the
discomfort”可知，他们会克服不适，最后一定会有一段美好的体验。故选B项。
答案：B
12．A.recall
B．forget
C．disturb
D．forgive
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我露营的日子里，我不记得有任何一个营员在山顶抱怨。A.recall回忆；B.forget忘记；C.disturb打扰；D.forgive原谅。结合语境，我不记得有任何一个人在山顶上抱怨。故选A项。
答案：A
13．A.foot
B．top
C．back
D．base
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.foot脚；B.top顶；C.back背；D.base基底。结合语境可知，最后所有人都到了山顶上。故选B项。
答案：B
14．A.unbelievable
B．unexpected
C．unusual
D．unpleasant
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有两种方法可以处理不愉快的情况。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.unexpected出乎意料的；C.unusual不同寻常的；D.unpleasant令人不愉快的。结合前文的爬山经历可知，两种方法解决的是令人不愉快的情况。故选D项。
答案：D
15．A.great
B．spare
C．negative
D．potential
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你抱怨的话，你可能会觉得你正在释放消极的能量，但你可能不会引起积极的变化。A.great好的；B.spare空闲的；C.negative消极的；D.potential潜在的。结合后文“but
you
are
probably
not
going
to
cause
a
positive
change(但你可能不会引起积极的变化)和连词but可知，前后有转折含义，因此前文应该是如果抱怨的话，很可能会释放消极的能量。故选C项。
答案：C
16．A.dislike
B．respect
C．sympathy
D．enthusiasm
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的抱怨很有可能引起周围人的反感。A.dislike厌恶，反感；B.respect尊敬；C.sympathy同情；D.enthusiasm热情。结合后文“No
one
likes
a
complainer.(没有人喜欢抱怨者)”可知，如果老是抱怨可能引起周围人的反感。故选A项。
答案：A
17．A.amazing
B．shocking
C．worrying
D．annoying
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很烦人，并且伤害了整个组织。A.amazing令人惊讶的；B.shocking震惊的；C.worrying令人担心的；D.annoying烦人的。结合前文“No
one
likes
a
complainer.(没有人喜欢抱怨者)”可知，因为他们很烦人。故选D项。
答案：D
18．A.poorer
B．harder
C．easier
D．better
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：抱怨使每个人的生活都更艰难。A.poorer更穷的；B.harder更难的；C.easier更容易的；D.better更好的。结合语境可知，抱怨会使得生活变得更加艰难。故选B项。
答案：B
19．A.life
B．mind
C．suffering
D．mistake
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，如果你决定控制自己的痛苦，把注意力转移到解决方案上，我的经验是，你会意识到它一开始就不坏。A.life生活；B.mind思想；C.suffering痛苦；D.mistake错误。结合前文“There
are
two
ways
to
deal
with
an
14
situation.”处理的是令人不愉快的情况，是使人感到痛苦的。故选C项。
答案：C
20．A.trip
B．plan
C．solution
D．dream
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.trip旅行；B.plan计划；C.solution解决方案；D.dream梦想。结合全文，作者告诉我们面对困难不要抱怨，而是要努力寻找解决方案来解决眼前的困难。故选C项。
答案：C