高中英语牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册 unit 2 Natural disasters: Reading- Language points 课件(37张ppt)

1. Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current
figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at
large.
尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但（在这所学校）只有5名学生受了伤。
(1) injure: to hurt or cause physical harm to a person or
animal?vt. “伤害，使受伤”
injury是其名词形式
eg They were seriously injured in the accident.
他们在这次事故中受了重伤。
He had to quit the competition because of injury.
他因为受伤而不得不放弃比赛。
① injure sb.’s pride/ feelings 伤害某人的自尊心/感情
be badly/ seriously injured 严重受伤
② injured adj. 受伤的，有伤的
the injured 伤者(作主语时谓语动词用复数形式)
拓展
injure, harm, wound, hurt
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}injure
多指在意外事故中受伤，大多造成容颜、技能的损害。
harm
表示长期的、潜伏的，不一定有疼痛感的伤害，特指伤及一个人的心情、健康、权利、事业等，并使之产生痛苦、损害。也可作名词，do harm to…“对……造成伤害”。
wound
多指在战争、攻击中或暴力中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口。含有“创伤”的意味，指对肉体造成的故意伤害。
hurt
指（人）在平时或事故中受伤，有强烈的疼痛感，还可指心理伤害。
(2) at large: as a whole; in general “整个，全部，总地”
eg This article represents the opinion of the public at large.
这篇文章代表了广大公众的意见。
【语境应用】
1) Two people ________ (严重受伤) in the road accident last
night.
2) ________ (受伤者) were taken to the nearest hospital.
3) What you said just now _________ (伤她的自尊). So she
was very upset.
1) were/got badly/seriously injured　
2) The injured people/The injured
3) injured her pride
选词填空(injure, harm, hurt, wound)
1) He was badly ________ in the accident.
2) She was deeply _______ that she had not been invited.
3) 50 people were seriously _________ in the attack.
4) Don’t?read?in?bad?light.?It?can?______ your?eyes.
wounded
injured
hurt
harm
2. Her students’ reaction was quick and correct – they moved
under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the
desks.
她的学生的反应迅速而正确—他们头朝里，爬到桌子下面，
并紧紧抓住桌腿。
(1) reaction: something that you feel or do because of something
that has happened or been said n. “反应”
eg What was his reaction when you told him about the news?
你告诉他这个消息时，他是什么反应?
reaction to 对……的反应
in reaction to 作为对……的反应
eg What’s people’s reaction to the extinction of
this species?
人们对这个物种的灭绝有什么反应？
拓展
react to sth. / by doing sth. 对……作出反应 ；对……有过敏
/不良反应
react on/upon 对……产生影响
react with sth. 和……发生化学反应
react against sb. / sth. 反抗；反对
(2) 句中hold on to意为“抓紧，不放开”， hold on to 还有“（替别人或更长时间地保存某物）”的意思。
eg Hold on to my arm.
抓紧我的胳膊。
I’ll hold on to these old stamps for my grandparents until
they get back.
我祖父母回来之前我将一直替他们保管这些老邮票。
hold back the truth/fact 隐瞒真相/事实
hold back tears/anger 忍住眼泪/抑制愤怒
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
hold off 延迟；推迟；战胜；克服
hold on 等着；坚持住；别挂断；抓住(抱住)
hold on to 坚持；保住(留)
hold out 维持；坚持；伸出(手)
hold up 支撑；举起；阻挡；滞留
拓展
【语境应用】
1) A schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him in the
chest after he suffered a serious allergic ________ (react).
2) Children sometimes react ________ the things their parents
believe in, which can bother the parents much.
reaction
against
3. There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling
to the ground, but the students remained stll and waited
calmly and quietly.
尽管玻璃破碎和物体落地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然
一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。
句中crash是名词，意为“（倒下、破碎等突然的）碰撞声，破裂声”。
crash: to hit something or someone extremely hard while moving,
in a way that causes a lot of damage or makes a lot of
noise v. “碰撞，猛击，撞击”
eg The billboard fell down to the ground with a crash.
广告牌砰的一声倒在地上。
The plane crashed into a mountain and nobody on
board survived.
飞机撞上了山，机上无人生还。
归纳拓展
① crash into/onto… 撞上……
② a car crash 车祸
an air crash＝a plane crash 空难
【语境应用】
1) A small plane ________ (crash) into a hillside five miles east
of the city yesterday, killing all four people on board.
2) In 1945, a US military plane, which was flying over
Manhattan on a foggy day, ________ (crash) into the
building just above the 78th floor.
crashed
crashed
4. She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an
orderly line with their lands on their heads.
她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。
(1) signal: to make a sound or action in order to give
information or tell someone to do something v.“发信号，
发暗号，示意”
signal: a sound or action that you make in order to give
information to someone or tell them to do something
n.“信号，暗号”
eg He signalled to the children to be quiet.
他示意孩子们安静点。
At an agreed signal the lights went out.
约定的信号一发出，灯就全灭了。
(2) exit: to leave a place v. 离开
eg We exited the theater by the side door.
我们从侧门离开了剧院。
(3) orderly: arranged or organized in a sensible or neat way
adj.“有条理的，整齐的”
eg You need to organize your article in a more orderly way.
你需要把你的文章组织得更有条理一些。
【语境应用】翻译句子
1) Though indicators are used for the purpose of showing
which direction you are going, knowing some hand signals
is very important and are usually always asked in a driving
test.
2) The drivers use these warning signals when letting pupils on
and off.
虽然路标是用来指示你行驶的方向的，但了解一些手势是非常重要的，在驾驶考试中经常被问到。
司机在让学生上下车时使用这些警告信号。
5. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they
relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.
点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭
啊，互相拥抱着。
(1) confirm: to tell someone that a possible arrangement, date,
or situation is now definite or official vt. “确认”
eg Please confirm your booking by telephone by Saturday.
请在星期六之前电话确认您的预订。
confirm sb. as… 确认某人为……
confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
confirm that… 证实……; 批准……
搭配
(2) safe and sound: free from danger or injury“安然无恙的”
eg Three days later, the travellers arrived home safe and sound.
三天后，游客们安然无恙地回到了家。
During the disaster, we were all safe and sound in the house.
我们待在屋里安然无恙地度过这场灾难。
The fragile china survived the long journey safe and sound.
这个易碎的瓷器经过长途旅行安然无恙。
6. On 20 December, a series of huge waves caused by an
undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore
and left thousands dead.
12月20日，由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪急速冲过金海岸
附近的海面，造成数千人死亡。
(1) race: to move very quickly or take someone or something
to a place very quickly v. “快速移动”
eg I had to race home for my homework.
我不得不飞奔回家拿家庭作业。
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) I don’t know if I’ll be fit enough to take part in the race.
我不知道我是否有足够的身体来参加比赛。
2) At the first sight of the score, my heart began to race and
my mind went blankly.
第一眼看到分数，我的心就开始狂跳，脑子里一片空白。
3) I made sure I sounded calm but my mind was racing.
我确保自己听起来很平静，但我的思绪却在飞速运转。
On 20 December, a series of huge waves caused by an
undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore
and left thousands dead.
(2) leave+宾语+宾补
该句中leave为及物动词，表示“使处于……; 听
任……”, 宾语后接名词、介词短语、形容词、副词、
现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等作宾补。
构成如下：
leave+ 宾语+ 形容词/副词
(2) leave+ 宾语+ v.-ing（宾语与宾语补足语之
间是逻辑上的主动关系）
(3) leave+ 宾语+ v.-ed （其中宾语与宾语补足语
之间是逻辑上的被动关系）
(4) leave+ 宾语+ 动词不定式（其中动词不定
式表示将来的动作）
(5) leave+ 宾语+ 介词短语/名词
【语境应用】单句填空。
1) On hearing the bad news, he hurried home,
leaving the book _________ (lie) open on the
table.
一听到这个坏消息他就匆忙回家了，那本书
还打开着放在桌子上。
2) They covered the man with a blanket, only
leaving his eyes ____________ (expose)．
他们用毯子给男子盖上，只把眼睛露在外面。
lying
exposed
3) His parents died in the earthquake,
________________________.
他的父母在地震中去世了，留下他成为一
名孤儿。
leaving him an orphan
7. Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed
something odd.
萨布丽娜是这些快乐的游客中的一个，直到她注意到了一
些奇怪的现象。
句中odd意为“奇怪的”。
eg I find her really odd – I can’t figure her out at all.
我觉得她很古怪，我一点儿也摸不透她。
odd还有“偶尔的”；“基数的”的意思。
eg He makes a living by doing odd jobs.
他通过做临时工来谋生。
The game can’t be played by an odd number of people.
这个游戏不能由奇数的人玩。
8. It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an
approaching tsunami.
她立刻意识到，这些是海啸来临的征兆。
句中occur to意为“(观念或想法)浮现于脑中，被想到”， 常用句型结构：
it occurs to sb. that… 某人想到做某事
it occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想到做某
eg It occurred to him to tell the official of the problem.
他想到了把这个问题告诉那个官员。
It suddenly occurred to me that he had grown up.
我突然意识到他已经长大了。
【语境应用】翻译句子。
他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。
It occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.
It hit him that he had left his keys in the office.
It struck him that he had left his keys in the office.
9. To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the
coming danger.
使她大为宽慰的是，这名安全员立即意识到了即将到来的
危险。
relief: a feeling of comfort when something frightening,
worrying, or painful has ended or has not happened
n.“宽慰，轻松，解脱”
归纳拓展
(1) in relief 如释重负；松了口气
to one’s relief 使某人宽慰的是；令人庆幸的是
give sb. relief from pain 使某人减轻痛苦
(the) relief from/of sth. (焦虑、痛苦等的)减轻,缓和
breathe a sigh of relief 舒了口气；如释重负
(2) relieve v. 解除；缓解
relieve sb. of 解除某人的负担；免除某人的职务
【语境应用】翻译句子。
听说你平安回来, 我们如释重负。
We were relieved to hear you came back safe and sound.
It was a relief for us to hear you came back safe and sound.
To our relief, we heard you came back safe and sound.
10. The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed…
震动停止的那一刻，Brown小姐意识到……
【句式分析】该句是一个主从复合句，the moment“一……
就……”是名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
归纳拓展
可以引导时间状语从句的名词词组：
1) The second time/ the last time/ every time
(each time)/ next time/ any time
2) The minute/ instant 一……就……
3) the day/ the week/ the year
eg Every time the poet comes up with beautiful
sentences, he will set them down.
She let out a cry the instant she saw a shark in the
sea.
Please inform me of the consequence the day you
get the medical report.