高中英语牛津译林版英语选修七Unit 4 Public transport- Grammar 课件(37张ppt)

(共37张PPT)
CONTENTS
01
构成方式及特点
02
补充短语
03
练习
01
构成方式及特点
①
This
traffic
problem
led
to
the
development
of
the
underground
system.
②
In
1884,
the
Metropolitan
Railway
Company
and
the
Metropolitan
District
Railway
linked
up
.
③
When
London
was
bombed,
many
underground
stations
functioned
as
bomb
shelters.
④
But
you
will
have
to
fill
in
a
form
and
then
we
will
decide
on
the
best
way.
⑤
We
came
up
with
a
plan
for
the
summer
vacation.
⑥
I
can
call
you
back
later.
(1)
以上例句中红色部分句中充当什么成分？
动词加一个介词或副词一起作谓语，它们不是一个词单独作谓语。
(2)
哪几句的谓语动词动词加介词构成的？
①③④
(3)
哪几句的谓语动词动词加副词构成的？
②⑤⑥
What
is
a
phrasal
verb?
A
phrasal
verb
is
made
up
of
a
verb
plus
an
adverb
or
a
preposition.
Some
phrasal
verbs
are
separable,
while
others
are
not.
短语动词是由一个动词加一个副词或一个介词构成。一些短语动词是可以分开的(例6)，而另外一些则不可以分开。
1．verb
+
adverb
（动词＋副词）
①
Please
turn
off
every
light
in
the
house.
请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。
②
They
finally
turned
up
at
nearly
midnight.
他们终于在近午夜时出现了。
1）该类动词短语分及物(例①)和不及物(例②)两类。
2）带有副词的动词短语后并不总是跟宾语。
Tips:
③
The
music
cheers
Jane
up.
The
music
cheers
up
Jane.
The
music
cheers
her
up.
Tips:
3）用作及物动词，宾语为名词时，名词位于副词的前面或者后面皆可；宾语为代词时，代词要位于副词的前面。
2．verb
+
preposition
（动词＋介词）
I'm
looking
for
my
glasses.
我在找我的眼镜。
Taking
enough
exercise
contributes
to
good
health.
进行足够的锻炼有助于身体健康。
Tips:
动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语总是在介词后面。
3．verb
+
adverb
+
preposition
（动词＋副词＋介词）
I
look
forward
to
seeing
you
soon.
我盼望不久就见到你。
How
can
you
put
up
with
all
these
for
so
long?
你怎么能容忍这一切这么长时间？
Tips:
词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语位于介词之后。
短语动词是一个整体，是固定词组，所以构成被动语态时不可分开或省略介词、副词。如：
He
will
be
operated
on
by
the
best
surgeon．
他将由最好的外科医生给他动手术。
Attention
02
补充短语
try
out
give
up
wash
up
talk
over
set
up
look
after
turn
up
试用，实验，检验
放弃；对…失去希望
饭后洗餐具
商量，讨论
建立，创立（公司、机构等）；
建起，竖起（标志牌，塑像等）
照顾
出现，到来；开大…的音量;
Many
Phrasal
verbs
have
more
than
one
meaning.
Make
out:
1.It
was
too
dark
,
and
I
couldn’t
make
out
the
words
written
on
the
wall.
2.I
can’t
make
out
what
the
article
says.
3.He
made
out
that
he
was
familiar
with
the
Prime
Minister.
1.Be
able
to
see
or
hear
something
.（能够看清或听清）
2.Understanding
something
(used
only
in
negative
sentences
and
questions).
（理解）仅用于否定句和疑问句
3.State
something
that
may
be
not
true.
（谎称）
①The
prisoner
broke
from
his
guards.
②We
had
our
house
broken
last
night.
③Fire
broke
during
the
night.
④Sorry,
I'm
late.
My
car
broke
on
the
halfway.
⑤(天津高考改编)The
two
countries
are
going
to
meet
to
break
some
barriers
to
trade
between
them.
1.以break为中心的短语
break
away
from　
脱离，逃离，甩掉
break
down
break
into
1)闯入，强行进入
2)插嘴，打岔
break
out
（战争，疾病，火灾等）爆发，发生
break
through
突破
break
up
打破，弄碎；解散；结束
away
into
out
down
常见重点动词短语
1)
(机器、车辆等)坏了；2)
(计划、谈判等)失败；3)
(健康、精神等)变坏；4)
弄坏，打破；5）分解(化学变化)
down
2．以bring为中心的短语
bring
about　　　导致，引起，促使；带来
bring
back
带回；使回忆；使恢复
bring
down
使下降，降低；收缩
bring
out
使显出；使显现；出版；生产
bring
up
抚养，教育，培养
bring
in
赚得，挣(钱)；引入；收获(农作物等)
①He
(被抚养长大)
by
his
grandmother.
②Overseas
students
(挣)
more
than
￡
30
million
a
year
in
tuition
fees.
③We
aim
to
(降低价格)
on
all
our
computers.
was
brought
up
bring
in
bring
down
prices
3．以call为中心的短语
call
for
需要，要求
call
in
召集
call
off
取消，下令停止
call
on
拜访(某人)，号召
call
out
大声喊，呼唤
call
up
给……打电话；使想起
①The
game
was
called
because
of
the
bad
weather.
②The
smell
of
the
sea
called
memories
of
her
childhood.
off
up
4．以come为中心的短语
come
about
产生，发生
come
across
(偶然)发现，遇到
come
down
倒下；降落；跌落；病倒
come
to
苏醒；复原；共计；达到
come
up
走近；上楼；流行起来；发芽，上来；
(问题)被提出
come
up
with
提出；想出
come
out
出版；产生
①(2017·天津高考改编)It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
that
I
first
____________________________
(偶然遇见了我的新邻居们)．
②It's
impossible
at
this
stage
to
judge
________________________
(投票结果会怎么样产生)．
③Is
that
the
best
idea____________________
(想出)?
came
across
my
new
neighbors
you
can
come
up
with
how
the
vote
will
come
out
5．以cut为中心的短语
cut
down
砍倒
cut
down
on
sth
削减
cut
in
插嘴
cut
off
1）切除，切掉
2）切断;中断
cut
out
删去，略去，戒除
cut
up
切碎
①He
always
while
other
people
are
talking.
②She
a
small
piece
of
bread
and
gave
it
to
me.
cuts
in
cut
off
6．以get为中心的短语
get
across
度过，通过，横过；说服，使被理解
get
along
(with)
(与……)相处；进展
get
around
走动；传播；影响；说服
get
down
to
开始；着手；认真对待，静下心来
get
off
送走；脱下(衣服)；下车；动身
get
over
恢复，痊愈；克服；完成
get
rid
of
除去，去掉；免除；摆脱
get
hold
of
抓住；把握；得到；联系
get
through
拨通(电话)；到达；完成；通过
①(湖北高考改编)I've
been
trying
to
phone
Charles
all
evening,
but
there
must
be
something
wrong
with
the
network;
I
can't
seem
to
get
.
②(福建高考改编)As
a
grassroots
singer,
she
reads
everything
she
can
get
hold
concerning
music,
and
takes
every
opportunity
to
improve
herself.
③
It's
not
easy
to
______________________________
(去掉你所有的坏习惯)．
through
of
get
rid
of
all
your
bad
habits
7．以give为中心的短语
give
away　　　
赠送；放弃；泄露；颁发
give
back
归还；反射
give
in
屈服，让步，投降
give
off
发出(烟，气味等)
give
out
分发，公布，发出；(使)筋疲力尽；用完
give
up
放弃；停止
give
way
to
让步，退却；屈服于
①His
accent
gives
him
away
as
a
southerner.
②He
gave
away
most
of
his
money
to
charity.
③Such
is
dad
—
whatever
problem
he
meets
with,
he
never
gives
up.
④We
should
insist
on
our
dreams
not
giving
in
to
any
difficulties.
⑤After
walking
in
the
desert
for
a
whole
day,
my
legs
gave
out
and
I
couldn't
walk
any
farther.
泄露
赠送
放弃
屈服
筋疲力尽
8．以go为中心的短语
go
about　　　　　　走来走去；(谣言等)流传
go
against
反对；不利于；违背；违反
go
ahead
前进，进展，继续；干吧，开始
go
by
经过，过去
go
in
for
喜欢；参加；赞成；从事
go
over
温习，检查
go
through
审查；履行；通过；经历；忍受
go
up
上升，上涨
go
without
无需，没有……也行
①—May
I
start
now?
—Yes,
.
②He
would
not
his
parents'
will.
③The
price
of
cigarettes
is
.
④There
was
no
time
for
breakfast,
so
I
had
to
.
go
up，
go
ahead，
go
without，
go
against
go
ahead
go
against
going
up
go
without
9．以hand为中心的短语
hand
down
留住，把……传下去
hand
in
交上，交付
hand
out
分发,散发
hand
over
移交
by
hand
用手工
at
hand
在手头，即将到来
①I
always
keep
a
dictionary
_________.
②The
letter
was
written
____________.
③
He
has
___________
his
business
to
his
son.
④
The
teacher
___________
the
examination
papers.
at
hand
by
hand
handed
over
handed
out
10．以keep为中心的短语
keep
away
from
避开，不接近
keep
back
1)隐瞒某事
2)扣留，留下
keep
off
使……不接近
keep
on
(doing
sth.)
继续（反复）做某事
keep
up
坚持，保持，维持，继续
keep
up
with
跟上
①He
kept
____
telling
us
the
same
story
over
and
over.
②He
walked
so
fast
that
I
could
hardly
keep
_______
him.
③
The
good
news
keeps
our
spirits
_____
.
on
up
with
up
①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ改编)Sarah
Thomas
is
looking
forward
to
the
challenge
of
her
new
A?level
course.
②We
looked
over
the
house
again
before
we
decided
to
rent
it.
③At
last
things
began
to
look
up.
④I've
looked
it
up
in
the
dictionary.
⑤(安徽高考改编)Terry,
please
look
up
from
your
cell
phone
when
Grandma
is
talking
to
you.
11．以look为中心的短语
look
about
四下环顾；查看
look
around
东张西望，环视
look
back
on/upon
...
回顾……
look
down
on/upon
俯视；轻视，看不起
look
forward
to
盼望；期待
look
into
窥视；调查；浏览
look
up
查阅；抬头看；好转
look
up
to
仰望；尊敬
盼望；期待
检查，查看
好转
查阅
抬头看
look
on/upon
旁观；对待
look
on/upon
...as
...
把……看作……
look
out
向外看；注意；当心，提防
look
over
从上面看过去；检查，查看；
忽略
look
through
透过……看去；看穿；浏览，
彻底调查
12．以make为中心的短语
made
into
制成，做成（后跟产品、制成品）
be
made
of/from
由...制成
make
the
best
of
尽量利用；
=make
full
use
of
make
up
弥补，补偿；编造；化妆
make
up
for
弥补
make
way
for
为…让路，让路于
make
fun
of
取笑，嘲笑
①Bamboo
is
also
made
______
paper.
②The
paper
for
books
and
newspapers
is
made
____
wood.
③Everyone
should
make
___________
time.
④
They
made
_________
my
mistakes
when
I
tried
to
speak
English.
into
from
full
use
of
fun
of
12．以put为中心的短语
put
aside
1)把…放在一边；搁置；
不考虑
2）储存钱备用;
3）留出（一段时间）
put
away
把…放好,收拾起来；
put
down
放下；写下，记下；
put
forward
提出；拨快；
put
off
推迟，延期；
put
on
上演；穿上
put
up
举起；张贴；建造（墙，篱笆或高
楼）；短期住宿
put
up
with
忍受，容忍
①
We
put
_____
the
tools
before
we
leave
the
workshop.
②
Never
put
_____
until
tomorrow
what
you
can
do
today.
③
I
can’t
put
_____
_____
a
lot
of
noisy
people
when
I
am
working.
④
Drop
your
weapons
and
put
your
hands
_____.
away
off
up
with
up
13．以run为中心的短语
in
the
long
run
终究，到最后
run
across
偶遇
run
after
追捕，追求
run
against
违反，不利于
run
away
逃跑
run
into
偶遇，撞上，跑进
run
out
用完（主语是物）
run
out
of
用完（主语是人）
①
我昨天在图书馆碰见她了。
I
ran
across
her
in
the
library
yesterday.
②
我的钱用完了。
I
have
run
out
of
all
my
money.
14．以set为中心的短语
set
about(doing
sth)
着手干…
set
aside
存蓄，留出（时间，钱等）
be
set
in
设置小说、戏剧等背景于……
set
off
动身出发；引爆（炸弹，烟花
爆竹等）；激起
set
out
1）出发
2）set
out
to
do
sth
着手做某事
set
up
创立
①
(全国2)
We
_____
to
paint
the
whole
house
but
finished
only
the
front
part
that
day.
A.
set
about
B.
set
up
C.
set
out
D.set
aside
15．以take为中心的短语
take
down
拿下，取下；拆毁，拆卸；记下
take
in
吸收，接受，收容；受骗(常被动)
take
it
easy
放轻松
take
your
time
不着急，慢慢来
take
off
飞机起飞；脱下（衣物）;
（产品、活
动、事业等）腾飞，突然成功
take
on
承担；呈现；雇佣；接纳，接受
take
over
接管
take
up
占据（时间、空间等）；开始从事；
take
place
发生，举行
take
the
place
of
代替
①
(陕西)
Some
insects
_____
the
color
of
their
surrounding
to
protect
themselves.
A.
take
in
B.
take
off
C.
take
on
D.take
up
②
近几年来，家乡发生了很大变化。
In
recent
years,great
changes
have
taken
place
in
my
hometown.
Ⅰ.介、副词填空
1．Make
sure
how
many
people
are
going
to
bring
the
wheat
tomorrow.
2．She
was
too
fat
to
get
the
door.
3．The
old
lady
gave
most
of
her
savings
to
help
those
poor
children
who
couldn't
go
to
school.
4．It'd
be
much
better
to
put
the
meeting
till
next
week.
in
through
away
off
03
练习
5．Just
a
little
patience
and
we
will
look
the
problem
you
put
forward
soon.
6．Go
your
lessons
again
before
the
examination.
7．The
government
calls
everyone
to
protect
our
environment.
8．Though
brought
in
the
countryside,
he
adapted
to
the
city
life
quickly.
9．We
have
decided
the
date
and
the
place
for
travelling.
10．Kids
are
usually
easily
taken
so
we
should
take
good
care
of
them.
into
over
on
up
on
in
II.
Complete
the
dialogue
on
page
57
using
the
phrasal
verbs
given.
Answers:
1.
____________
2.
_____________
3.
____________
4.
_____________
5.
____________
6.
_____________
7.
____________
8.
_____________
looking
after
call
,
back
deal
with
look
around
decide
on
put,
off
coming
up
put,
through
Verbs
Phrasal
verbs
Sentences
take
Ⅲ.
Fill
in
the
forms
on
P57.
take
up
take
off
The
plane
will
take
off
soon.
The
piano
takes
up
too
much
room.
give
give
up
give
out
Mum
tried
to
persuade
Dad
to
give
up
smoking.
The
sun
gives
out
light
and
heat.
look
look
up
look
for
You’d
better
look
up
the
word
in
the
dictionary.
They
were
looking
for
the
missing
boy.
Finish
Parts
C1
and
C2
on
P127
of
the
Workbook.