1．(2011·宝鸡市高三教学质量检测)—Jim, are you________this Saturday
—Oh, sorry. I need to go to the bookshop________the bank on Saturday.
A．convenient; and B．convenient; as well as
C．available; with D．available; as well as
解析 考查形容词及词组的用法。convenient的主语不能为人，常用于it is convenient for/to sb.结构，先排除A和B两项。根据答语意思“既要去书店又要去银行”可知，第二空要用as well as。
答案 D
2．(2011·东北三省三校高三下学期第一次联合模拟考试)This new kind of chemicals will help keep the air, soil and water________from pollution.
A. free B. empty
C. loose D. short
解析 考查形容词辨析。句意：这种新的化学物质将有助于使空气、土壤和水免受污染。此处free表示“免于，不受……影响的”。
答案 A
3．(2011·山东省济南市高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试题)On snowy days, you have to drive very________to avoid traffic accidents.
A．cautiously B．neatly
C．smoothly D．properly
解析 考查副词辨析。语意：在下雪天，你必须谨慎驾车以避免交通事故。cautiously谨慎地；neatly整洁地；smoothly平滑地；properly适当地。
答案 A
4．—How is your father
—He’s fine. He’s________to play tennis every Sunday.
A. enough active still B. enough still active
C. still active enough D. still enough active
解析 still 修饰 active，置于其前；而副词enough 修饰形容词或副词时应置于被修饰语之后。
答案 C
5．—Did you wash your new suit in hot water
—Of course not. I am not ________foolish.
A. very B. that
C. very much D. too
解析 that 在此用作副词，不是代词，用法相当于so。其余三者填入空格处语意不通。
答案 B
6．—Which team is________to win the game
—I don’t know, but I’ve found________for ours to win.
A. probable; it unlikely B. likely; it possible
C. possible; it possible D. likely; it possibly
解析 likely可以是人作主语，后面是find it possible to do...句型。
答案 B
7. He didn’t understand the ________question, so there was a________expression on his face.
A. puzzling; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling
C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling
解析 修饰question用现在分词，表示“令人……”，puzzled expression“迷惑不解的表情”。
答案 A
8. She can speak________in front of Mack, but she can’t eat________in his restaurant.
A. free, free B. free, freely
C. freely, free D. freely, freely
解析 第一空填 freely，意为“自由地”；第二空填free，意为“免费地”。
答案 C
9. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood________to her mother.
A. close B. closely
C. closed D. closing
解析 close 与 closely 的区别是：指实际距离近，用 close；指抽象意义，用 closely。
答案 A
10. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he ________passed the last exam.
A. easily B. hardly
C. actually D. successfully
解析 首先应弄清 second to none 的意思，照字面理解是“对谁都不是第二”，言外之意就是“第一”，或者说是“最好”。再联系句中的 but 可知，选项 B 最恰当。
答案 B
11．(2011·四川成都市摸底)I can’t give you an answer right now. I’d like________more time to consider my decision.
A．still B．fairly
C．quite D．a lot
解析 考查形容词比较级前的修饰语的用法。比较级前加still, much等用来加强语气。
答案 A
12. (2011·浙江温州八校返校联考)I spent ________time doing the job, but I didn’t do any better than he.
A．as twice B．twice much
C．twice much as D．twice as much
解析 考查倍数的用法。当倍数与形容词的比较等级连用时，总是放在前面，即“倍数＋as...as...”或“倍数＋比较级＋than”。
答案 D
13．— If you don’t like the red coat, take the blue one.
—OK, but do you have________size in blue This one’s a bit tight for me.
A. a big B. a bigger
C. the big D. the bigger
解析 从句意看，空格处应填比较级bigger，因此排除A和C。选项B与D的区别是，一个用了不定冠词，一个用了定冠词，两者的区别是，不定冠词表泛指，定冠词表特指。
答案 B
14. If there were no examinations, we should have________at school.
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
解析 由于是将有考试与没有考试作比较，所以应用比较级，不用最高级，由此排除A和C。选项B的错误在于用了more happier这样的双重比较级(即more后不能再加比较级)。
答案 D
15．—Did you enjoy yourself at the party
—Sorry to say I didn’t. It was________a meeting than a party.
A. more like B. quite like
C. less like D. more or less
解析 根据空格后的than，排除B和D；根据语境，排除C。
答案 A
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
All the birds came to the magpie to ask how to build nests(巢)．The magpie is the __1__ of all at building nests.__2__ she put them round her and began to __3__ how to do it.First，she took some mud(泥)and made a round cake with it.
“Oh，that’s __4__ it’s done！”said the thrush，and it __5__ away.Then the magpie took some twigs(树枝)and put them round in the __6__.The blackbird said，“Now I __7__ all about it！”and flew off.Later the magpie put another layer(层)of mud over the twigs.“That’s quite obvious！”the owl said and flew away.__8__ this，the magpie took some twigs and put them round the outside.“The very thing！”said the sparrow，and it went off too.Then the magpie took some feathers(羽毛)and covered the inside of the nest very __9__ with them.“That suits me！”cried the starling，and off it flew.
So it __10__，every bird taking away some __11__ of how to build nests，but none of them waiting to the __12__.
The magpie went on working without noticing till the only bird that __13__ was the turtledove.He hadn’t paid any __14__ all along，but only kept on saying its silly cry，“Take two，take two o o o！”The magpie said，“One is __15__.”But the turtledove kept on saying，“Take two，take two o o o！”The magpie got __16__ and said，“You just need one，I tell you！”Still the turtledove cried，“Take two，take two o o o！”
At last，the magpie __17__ up but she saw __18__ near her except the silly turtledove，and then she flew away and __19__ to tell the birds how to build nests again.
That is why different birds build their nests __20__.
本文是一则寓言。由众鸟向喜鹊学习如何建巢的故事阐明：不专心则无法精通一门知识或技能。
1．A.busiest B．fattest
C．cleverest D．smallest
解析 由众鸟求教的事实可知：喜鹊在众多鸟中是“最聪明的(cleverest)”，它筑的鸟巢最好。
答案 C
2．A.Because B．But
C．So D．However
答案 C
3．A.remember B．show
C．watch D．hear
解析 “于是(So)”喜鹊把鸟儿们聚集在它周围开始“展示(show)”如何筑巢。
答案 B
4．A.how B．when
C．where D．why
答案 A
5．A.drove B．swam
C．climbed D．flew
解析 画眉认为自己已经知道了“如何(how)”筑巢，就“飞走了(flew)”。下文多次出现的flew off以及flew away都是提示。
答案 D
6．A.hole B．ground
C．tree D．mud
解析 根据上文she took some mud可知这里指喜鹊把一些细枝绕圈插在泥上。
答案 D
7．A.receive B．explain
C．tell D．know
解析 黑鹂也认为自己“懂得了(know)”全部筑巢的技能。
答案 D
8．A.On B．By
C．After D．Before
解析 做完了那一步之后，它又取了点树枝插在外边。
答案 C
9．A.strangely B．comfortably
C．dangerously D．heavily
解析 放一些羽毛在鸟巢里面是为了“舒适(comfortably)”。
答案 B
10．A.went on B．gave up
C．fell down D．got up
解析 从事实判断：它“继续(went on)”教大家如何筑巢，而鸟儿们一个一个地飞走了。
答案 A
11．A.cost B．story
C．knowledge D．news
解析 每一只鸟都学会了一些筑巢的“知识(knowledge)”。
答案 C
12．A.foot B．rest
C．start D．end
解析 但是没有一只鸟能坚持听到“最后(end)”。
答案 D
13．A.left B．remained
C．died D．escaped
解析 从事实判断：这时，只“剩下(remained)”斑鸠还在。
答案 B
14．A.attention B．money
C．visit D．price
解析 根据but only kept on saying its silly cry的转折可知在喜鹊讲如何筑巢时，斑鸠根本就没有“注意(attention)”听。
答案 A
15．A.safe B．necessary
C．enough D．possible
解析 下文的You just need one可知，喜鹊认为一个鸟巢就已经“足够 了(enough)”。
答案 C
16．A.ill B．beautiful
C．hungry D．angry
解析 斑鸠一直在这样叫，很烦人，所以喜鹊很“生气(angry)”。I tell you的语气是提示。
答案 D
17．A.handed B．looked
C．grew D．turned
答案 B
18．A.nobody B．somebody
C．anybody D．everybody
解析 根据上文went on working without noticing可知喜鹊忙着教大家如何筑巢，没注意发生了什么，当它“抬头一看(looked up)”时，发现只剩下了斑鸠，除此之外，“没有别的鸟(nobody)”。
答案 A
19．A.hoped B．continued
C．refused D．stopped
解析 从此之后它“拒绝(refused)”再给其他鸟讲如何筑鸟巢。
答案 C
20．A.happily B．slowly
C．carefully D．differently
解析 本空前的different提示：这就是为什么不同的鸟筑的巢“不同(differently)”的原因。
答案 D
Ⅱ.书面表达
假设你是李华，你在报上看到北京华夏大学将于2012年7月6日举办一场为期一周的“中国语言文化夏令营”活动。你的美国朋友Mike计划来中国旅行并了解中国文化，请你发一封电子邮件介绍夏令营活动并建议他参加。词数：100左右。
2012中国语言文化夏令营
主要课程 日常会话、汉字书写
主要活动 京剧，中国民乐，中国绘画欣赏，中国烹饪，游览故宫、长城、颐和园等名胜。
活动时间 2012年7月6日～12日
参考词汇：2012中国语言文化夏令营 2012 Chinese Language and Culture Summer Camp
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Mike，
You mentioned in your last email that you wanted to come to China to learn about Chinese culture.I’d like to tell you about a camp called“2012 Chinese Language and Culture Summer Camp”．The camp is organized by Beijing Huaxia University from July 6th to 12th.In the camp they will teach some simple everyday Chinese and how to write Chinese characters.They will also introduce Beijing Opera，Chinese folk music，as well as Chinese painting.Most interesting of all is that you will have a chance to learn to try Chinese cooking.Sight seeing tours include the Forbidden City，the Summer Palace and the Great Wall.
If you have any questions，please let me know.
Best wishes.
Li Hua
1. It was________opportunity to miss.
A. too good an B. a too good
C. too a good D. too good
解析 too...to...结构除用于“too ＋ 形容词或副词 ＋ to do sth.”外，也可用于“too ＋ 形容词 ＋ a / an ＋ 单数可数名词 ＋ to do sth.”。
答案 A
2. I don’t like it at all. It can’t be________.
A. better B. worse
C. best D. worst
解析 it can’t be worse 相当于 It’s the worst thing I’ve ever known。
答案 B
3. There was nothing special about this film— it was only________.
A. particular B. average
C. interesting D. strange
解析 average 意为“平常的”、“普通的”。
答案 B
4. She looks very________but I can’t remember her name.
A. similar B. familiar
C. friendly D. strange
解析 similar 指“相似的”，familiar 指“熟悉的”。
答案 B
5. He said he would return the money, and I was________.
A. fool enough to believe him
B. enough fool to believe him
C. fool enough believing him
D. enough fool believing him
解析 此处的 fool 虽为名词，但具有形容词的性质，相当于 foolish。
答案 A
6. “This book is________more useful for us students.”“ Yes, but it is________too difficult.”
A. quite, quite B. much, rather
C. rather, quite D. quite, much
解析 虽然 quite, rather, much 均可用于加强语气，但是修饰比较级或副词 too(太)时，只能用 rather 或 much，而不用 quite。
答案 B
7. The children all looked________at the broken model plane and felt quite________.
A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly
C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad
解析 第一个 look是实义动词(注意与之搭配的介词 at)，第二个look 是连系动词。
答案 D
8. In my apartment there are two rooms，________is used as a living room.
A. larger one B. the larger of which
C. the largest one D. the largest of which
解析 由于是两个房间，即是两者比较，故宜用比较级，因此排除C和D；又由于两句之间没有连词，故不宜选A。注：若在空格前加上and 一词，则要选A。
答案 B
9. “Are you satisfied with his answer？” “Not at all. It couldn’t have been________.”
A. better B. worse
C. more D. less
解析 此题关键是要理解 Not at all 的意思。根据上文语境，Not at all 为 I am not satisfied at all with his answer 之省略，即表示“我对他的回答一点也不满意”，既然如此，他的回答当然会是 It couldn’t have been worse(不可能更糟)。
答案 B
10. I’m ________at sums than Jean, but better at history.
A. more B. less
C. worse D. cleverer
解析 句意为“我的算术比琼差，但我的历史比她强”。注意句中的转折连词 but 及其后的 better。
答案 C1．(2011·郑州一中高三二模)The Spanish football team won the South Africa World Cup on July 13th，________it the 8th country to have won the World Cup.
A. made B. making
C. to make D. to have made
解析 考查动词的用法。making引导的现在分词短语作结果状语，起补充说明的作用。
答案 B
2. The research is so designed that once________nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun
C. beginning D. begun
解析 由于 the research 与 begin 是被动关系，故用过去分词 begun。Once begun 可视为 once it is begun 之省略。
答案 D
3. Though ________money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of
C. lacking D. lacked in
解析 由于 his parents 与 lack money(缺钱)是主动关系，故用现在分词，又因为 lack 是及物动词，故后接宾语无需用介词，故选 C。
答案 C
4. Tony was very unhappy for________to the party.
A. having not been invited
B. not having invited
C. having not invited
D. not having been invited
解析 非谓语动词的否定式要将否定词 not 放在整个非谓语动词之前，据此可排除 A、C。另外，由于Tony与invite是被动关系，故选D。
答案 D
5. Though I have often heard this song________， I have never heard you________it.
A. being sung, sang B. sang, singing
C. sung, sing D. to be sung, to sing
解析 第一空填 sung，因为 song 与 sing 是被动关系；第二空填 sing，因为 you 与 sing 是主动关系。
答案 C
6. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until________to.
A. spoken B. speaking
C. speak D. be spoken
解析 until spoken to 可视为 until he is spoken to 之略。
答案 A
7. What worried the child most was________to visit his mother in the hospital.
A. his not allowing
B. his not being allowed
C. his being not allowed
D. having not being allowed
解析 否定词 not 应放在 ing 形式之前，逻辑主语 his 之后，由此可排除 C 和 D；又因为 the child 与 allow 是被动关系，故选 B。
答案 B
8. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person________.
A. to send B. for sending it
C. to send it to D. for sending it to
解析 不定式短语to send it to 用作定语，修饰其前的名词 the person。注意句尾的介词 to 不能省略，因为被修饰的名词 the person 为介词 to 的逻辑宾语。
答案 C
9．________on time, this medicine will be quite effective.
A. Taking B. Being taken
C. Taken D. Having taken
解析 this medicine 与动词take 为被动关系，故用过去分词。
答案 C
10. The film star walked to his car，________a crowd of journalists.
A. followed by B. following by
C. to follow D. to be followed by
解析 从句意上看，人群跟在明星后面，反过来，明星便是被人群跟着。
答案 A
11. After describing the planned improvements, she went on________how much they would cost.
A. to explain B. explaining
C. to be explaining D. having explained
解析 go on doing sth.＝继续做同一事情，go on to do sth.＝做完某事后续继做某事。
答案 A
12. Please excuse me________ your letter by mistake.
A. to open B. to have opened
C. for opening D. in opening
解析 excuse sb.for doing sth.意为“原谅某人做了某事”。
答案 C
13. Please remember ________the plants while I’m away.
A. watering B. to be watering
C. to water D. being watering
解析 remember doing sth.＝记住曾经做过的事，remember to do sth.＝记住要做的事。
答案 C
14. Certainly I posted your letter—I remember________it.
A. posting B. to post
C. to be posting D. have posted
解析 remember doing sth.＝记住曾经做过的事，remember to do sth.＝记住要做的事。
答案 A
15. Stop________me to hurry up. I can only go so fast.
A. to tell B. telling
C. to have told D. having told
解析 根据下文的 I can only go so fast 知前文应是叫对方不要老催自己快走。比较：stop doing sth.＝停止做某事，stop to do sth.＝停下正在做的事去干另一事。
答案 B
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Things of Value
Our area was just a few miles from the largest wildfire in Colorado’s history.We were on“evacuation alert(疏散警报)”．If we got the __1__ to evacuate，we would have to grab whatever we could save and leave immediately.
We __2__ suitcases with a few clothes and toiletries (洗漱用品) and set them by the door. We didn’t think these things were __3__，but time was. We moved the computers because I earned a __4__ with my computer. Now, what else We took family pictures off the __5__ and packed them in boxes. These were truly valuable and could not be replaced.
Then we took a hard look at all that __6__.There was a lamp that belonged to my great grandmother.It was a __7__ to my family. A piano my wife __8__ to play when she was a little girl. It was not of __9__ in itself, but it was also another family connection. It was impractical to move everything from our home and store them for an indefinite time. Some important items would have to stay behind.
The thought of __10__ something passed down from our family saddened me deeply，__11__ I’d never been much attached to these things. It’s about what they __12__－family and love. They each had a(n)__13__ to tell, and some of them spoke in the __14__ of our parents and grandparents.
The fire __15__ reached our home. We were lucky. And although I felt grateful that all was __16__， I also realized just how fortunate I had been __17__.I saw just how rich my life had been.
Someone __18__ said，“There are people so poor that the only thing they have is money.”And now I __19__.I am indeed rich. I am rich in friends and family. Rich in memories. Rich in everything that really __20__ to me. I am wealthier than I ever believed possible.
It took a fire to teach me. I wonder if there is any other kind of wealth worth seeking.
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一场大火让作者感悟到：真正的财富不在于拥有多少金钱，而是拥有真情和爱。
1．A.call B．chance
C．answer D．task
解析 上文提及“evacuation alert(疏散警报)”，所以该处应用call，形成照应。chance不可选，因为火还没有烧过来。
答案 A
2．A.sold B．packed
C．searched D．bought
解析 我们把一些衣服和洗漱用品收拾到行李箱里，把它们放在门口。pack“收拾(行李)，装(箱)”，符合语境。
答案 B
3．A.expensive B．convenient
C．valuable D．cheap
解析 后文中的but time was给出了提示，我们认为收拾到行李箱里的东西并不珍贵，珍贵的是时间。
答案 C
4．A.mark B．sign
C．plan D．living
解析 我靠电脑谋生。earn a living为固定搭配，意为”谋生”。
答案 D
5．A.windows B．ceilings
C．walls D．albums
解析 由前面的off一词可知，该处只能用walls，我们将照片从墙上取下来。
答案 C
6．A.burnt B．unmoved
C．remained D．left
解析 从上文可知我们收拾了一些东西，其他的东西应该是剩下的了，所以用remained。如果选D，则需要用was left。
答案 C
7．A.connection B．treasure
C．symbol D．present
解析 下文的but it was also another family connection是答案提示。
答案 A
8．A.learned B．refused
C．forgot D．agreed
解析 剩下的东西中还有一架妻子小时候练习用的钢琴，所以答案选A。
答案 A
9．A.quality B．taste
C．sense D．value
解析 上文说这架钢琴是妻子小时候练习用的，所以到现在它应该是旧了，不值钱了，但它依然是家庭的纽带，故选D项。
答案 D
10．A.leaving behind B．giving away
C．picking out D．pointing out
解析 上文说因为时间紧，有些重要的东西不得不留下，想起留下代代相传的东西我很难过。leave behind有“留下”之意，符合语境。
答案 A
11．A.but B．unless
C．though D．or
解析 前后两个部分是让步关系，尽管这些东西我以前没有太在意，但当要放弃的时候仍觉得很舍不得。
答案 C
12．A.gathered B．contained
C．represented D．included
解析 这些东西代表的是家人和爱。
答案 C
13．A.lie B．story
C．idea D．way
解析 下文的to tell是提示，指的是每一样东西都有它的故事。
答案 B
14．A.sounds B．speeds
C．feelings D．voices
解析 后面的our parents and grandparents暗示这些故事有的会牵扯到父辈、祖辈。speak in the voice of“以……的口吻讲述”。
答案 D
15．A.never B．seldom
C．hardly D．finally
解析 从下文we were lucky可知大火并没有烧来，所以用never。
答案 A
16．A.stopped B．spared
C．returned D．found
解析 作者很感激，显然是那些东西都得以幸免，spare在此表”赦免，使逃脱”之意。
答案 B
17．A.in another way B．in case
C．in return D．in effect
解析 从另一个角度看，我也很幸运，我知道我的生活是多么富有，所以答案为A。
答案 A
18．A.seriously B．calmly
C．wisely D．occasionally
解析 由文章看来，作者认为这句话富有智慧，所以，用wisely来表明作者的观点。
答案 C
19．A.announce B．admit
C．know D．thank
解析 此处指，作者现在理解了这句话的含义。know“懂得，认识到”。
答案 C
20．A.influences B．desires
C．does D．matters
解析 此处说的是每一个东西对我来说都很重要，matter“事关紧要”，符合语境。
答案 D
Ⅱ.书面表达
伴随着高中新课程改革，选课制、学分制进入了高中课程，许多学校纷纷开设了各种各样的选修课，以满足高中学生的多样化需求。
据报道，某中学把《股票的基本知识与多元化投资》引入了高中课程。英语课上你班同学就此展开了激烈的争论。以下是两种主要观点：
正方 反方
1.了解股票的相关知识；2.树立正确的投资理财观念；3.为将来走向社会作准备。 1.学生自制力差，可能沉湎于股市；2.如果分散注意力，就不能学好功课；3.万一投资失误，可能造成经济损失。
请你结合以上材料写一篇100词左右的英语短文，介绍这两种观点，并对高中生该不该学炒股发表个人看法。
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【参考范文】
With new curriculums introduced to middle schools，many optional courses are offered to meet the students’ demands，such as stocks.Should students learn about stocks？Our class had a heated discussion and the opinion varies.
Some of us think it can equip students with financing knowledge，which helps to promote students’ concept of financing and have them make good preparations for their future life.
However，others disagree.They argue that students are too young to control themselves，so it is easy for them to become addicted to the stock market.If they are distracted from learning，they can’t pay their attention to their lessons.What is worse，if they buy the wrong stocks，they will suffer heavy economic losses.
Personally，I do not think it is necessary for students to learn how to buy and sell stocks.
1. Remember________off the light when________to bed.
A. turning, going B. to turn, to go
C. turning, to go D. to turn, going
解析 一是分清以下两个结构：remember to do sth.＝记住做某事，remember doing sth.＝记住曾做过某事；二是注意 when going to bed 相当于 when you go to bed。
答案 D
2.________ time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.
A. Having given B. To give
C. Giving D. Given
解析 由于动词 give 与其逻辑主语 he 是动宾关系，故用过去分词，即选 D。其中 Given time 可视为 If he is given time 之略。
答案 D
3．________in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A. Being founded B. It was founded
C. Founded D. Founding
解析 由于 Harvard(哈佛大学)与 found(建立)是被动关系，且因句中有 in 1636，故选 C。注意不能选 B，否则前后两句之间缺少必要的连词。
答案 C
4. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the________.
A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain
C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars
解析 由于 remain 为不及物动词，所以包含过去分词 remained的A和C不宜选(因为两者均含有被动意味)；选项B也不宜选，不定式to remain 用作修饰 20 dollars 的后置定语，由于彼此之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，故不妥(因为 remain 不及物)。现在分词remaining 的意思是“剩下的”。
答案 D
5. The picture________on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hung B. hanging
C. hangs D. being hung
解析 动词 hang 表示“悬挂”时，可用作及物或不及物动词，此处填 hanging 或 hung 均可，但不能填 being hung，因为它表示动作正在进行，而此处表示的是一种悬挂的状态。
答案 B
6. With a lot of difficult problems________， the newly elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. setting
C. to settle D. being settled
解析 “with＋名词＋不定式”的意思是“有……要……”。又如：I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。
With such good cadres to carry out the Party’s policy we feel safe. 有这样的好干部执行党的政策，我们感到放心。
答案 C
7. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains________whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see B. to be seen
C. seeing D. seen
解析 remain 作“尚需”解，是连系动词，其后要接不定式作表语。由于 see 与 it(形式主语，指whether they will enjoy it)是动宾关系，因此用不定式的被动式。
答案 B
8. Tony was very unhappy for________to the party.
A. having not been invited
B. not having invited
C. having not invited
D. not having been invited
解析 否定词 not 应放在动名词之前，故排除A、C；又因为 Tony 与 invite 是被动关系，故选 D。
答案 D
9．“ Good morning. Can I help you？” “I’d like to have this package________.”
A. be weighed B. to be weighed
C. to weigh D. weighed
解析 “have＋名词或代词＋过去分词”结构在此表示“请某人做某事”。
答案 D
10. What have we said________her so happy
A. makes B. to make
C. made D. has made
解析 to make her so happy 是结果状语。注意词序What have we...，不是 What we have...。
答案 B1. Not every prisoner can travel，and we have strict and fair regulations. Those selected________have performed well in the prison and are going to be released soon.
A. could B. might
C. must D. should
解析 考查情态动词的用法。根据“Not every prisoner can travel，and we have strict and fair regulations.”的提示，说明对外出旅行的囚犯有严格的规定，他们必须在监狱里表现良好，并且是即将释放的人，因此用must。
答案 C
2．(2011·江西百校高三模拟考试) I am going to buy the overcoat if the shop owner________lower the price.
A．must B．should
C．could D．will
解析 主要考查情态动词。分析句意：如果店主降价，我打算买这件外衣。A.must必须；B.should应该；两项均不符合实际情况，应排除。C.could能够；此句为真实条件句用could表过去，与主句中am going to(表将来)相矛盾。故排除。 D．will愿意，最恰当。
答案 D
3. (2011·山东师大附中第七次质量检测) According to the school rules, no student________go out of the school after eleven o’clock.
A．will B．must
C．may D．shall
解析 考查情态动词的用法。此处shall意为：表示命令。句意：根据学校的规定，11点后任何学生不准出学校。
答案 D
4. (2011·河北石家庄一模)—I’m leaving now.
—It’s so late.Better stay with me.Call a taxi if you________.
A．will B．must
C. would D．may
解析 考查情态动词的用法。此处must意为：偏要。语境：——我现在要走了。——太晚了。最好和我在一起。如果你偏要走的话，叫辆出租车。
答案 B
5. (2011·安徽江南十校联考)—What do you mean by this
—No need for you to worry about your money and be angry with me. You________get it this afternoon.
A. will B. shall
C. may D. need
解析 在交际用语中考查情态动词的用法。shall表示“第一人称的许诺”。
答案 B
6. (2011·绍兴市高三质检二)You________get the book on condition that you give it back to me in time.
A．should B．must
C．ought to D．shall
解析 本题考查情态动词的用法区别。情态动词shall用于第二人称时，表示说话人的意志或意愿的将来时。重读时表示义务或强制，不重读时，表示允诺或威胁。此句话表示“允诺得到书”的条件。故选D。
答案 D
7．(2011·枣庄市高三质检一)According to the school rules, no student________go out of school without the permission of the teachers.
A．will B．must
C．may D．shall
解析 主要考查情态动词。主要测试shall的特殊用法：shall用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心、(用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，一般用于第三人称)应，必须等，意思如下：必须，应，可。故选D项。为了便于更好掌握shall的这种用法，再举几例如下：
You shall have it back next week.
下星期一定还你。 (允诺)
He shall stay in bed.
他必须躺在床上。(命令)
He says he won’t go, but I say he shall.
他说他不去，但我说他必须去。(命令)
Intruders shall be punished.
非法闯入者将遭处罚。(规定)
答案 D
8. (2011·宜春市高三模拟)—It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy.
—He would be still alive today if he________that drug.
A. not take B. shouldn’t have taken
C. didn’t take D. hadn’t taken
解析 主要考查虚拟语气。本句是混合式虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反，而主句与现在事实相反，所以从句用过去完成时。
答案 D
9. It’s a very kind offer, but I really________accept it.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. can’t D. don’t
解析 由句意可知。
答案 C
10. (2011·福州二模)—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport.Why didn’t you drive him there.
—I.________ But my car________.
A. would；was fixed
B. would have；was fixed
C. would have；was being fixed
D. did；was being fixed
解析 句意：“我看到你叔叔打的去了机场，你为什么不开车去送他呢？”“我本愿意去送他。但我的车当时正在修理。”would表示“现在或将来愿意”，故被排除；did表示“的确做了”，不符合本句意思，也被排除；would have表示“过去本愿意”，符合要求；第二空表示“我的车当时正被修理”，需用过去进行时。
答案 C
11. You________practise the drums while the baby is sleeping.
A. needn’t B. mightn’t
C. mustn’t D. won’t
解析 mustn’t 在此相当于 can’t，且语气更强。
答案 C
12. You________him the news; he knew it already.
A. needn’t tell B. needn’t have told
C. mightn’t tell D. mightn’t have told
解析 “needn’t ＋ 动词完成式”的意思是：本来不必做某事，但实际上做了。上句意思是“你本来不必告诉他这个消息的，因为他(当时)已经知道了”。注意，句中 knew 为过去式。
答案 B
13. “Isn’t it about time you ________to do morning exercises？” “Yes, it is. Would you like to join us？”
A. begin B. have begun
C. began D. had begun
解析 It’s time.../ It’s high time.../ It’s about time...等后接从句时，从句谓语通常用过去式。
答案 C
14. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I________in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall D. were to fall
解析 此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句，主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。句意为：要不是在七岁时就迷上了 Melinda Cox 图书馆，我真不能想像我如今会在做什么。
答案 B
15. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he________a goal.
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
解析 这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据前面的 hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，由此可推知答案选 D。
答案 D
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
阅读理解
After Maggie Doyne graduated from high school, she decided to spend a year traveling the world before she started college. The journey changed her life and the lives of hundreds of orphaned children forever.
In 2006, Doyne took a trip in Nepal, Asia. Having grown up comfortably in New Jersey, Doyne was shocked to see so many orphaned children living on the streets. She wanted to do something about it. Doyne used her savings of $ 5,000 to buy an acre of land. Then, she built the kids a home, the Kopila Valley Children’s Home.
Now, the Do Something foundation is doing something for Doyne. The youth organization provides resources and support for teens that want to make a difference in the world. On Thursday night, the foundation named Doyne the $100,000 prize winner of the 2009 Do Something Award.
The Kopila Valley Children’s Home officially opened its doors in 2008. Doyne, now 22 years old，cares for 26 kids at the home. She has helped more than 700 other orphans find families. She also runs a program that provides scholarships for needy families to send their children to school. The children learn basic skills such as sewing and cooking. They also grow their own food in their garden and raise farm animals.
Doyne admits that she didn’t have it all figured out when she first arrived in Nepal.“I just felt that there was something there for me，”she said. She settled on building a children’s home after speaking with the community about what they needed. Doyne says that her parents were supportive of her. But it was a challenge to convince other adults that an 18 year old girl could accomplish such_a_big_project.Still, Doyne never gave up on fund raising. In just over a year, she had enough money to build her dream home.
Seeing the finished project was emotional for Doyne.“When all the kids are sitting at the table for breakfast, or they’re all happy and dancing...it’s the best feeling in the world.”she says.
这是一篇记叙文，介绍美国新泽西女孩Maggie Doyne为尼泊尔孤儿们新建the Kopila Valley Children’s Home付出的艰辛和回报。
1．After graduation from high school, Doyne made up her mind ________.
A．to continue her education in college
B．to change the lives of orphaned children
C．to tour the world before going to college
D．to set up the Kopila Valley Children’s Home
解析 细节理解题。依据文章第一句可知，Maggie Doyne中学毕业后没有直接上大学，而是决定周游世界。
答案 C
2．The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．what Doyne and the orphans do at home
B．functions of the Kopila Valley Children’s Home
C．how the kids support themselves at the home
D．the well doing of the Kopila Valley Children’s Home
解析 段落大意题。该段主要介绍Doyne创办的the Kopila Valley Children’s Home为孤儿们所做的善事。A项的概括不全面，只讲到了Doyne为组织内的孤儿们所做的事，没有涉及对其他孤儿及困难家庭的帮助。
答案 D
3．The underlined words “such a big project” ( in Paragraph 5 ) refer to ________.
A．the Do Something foundation
B．the Kopila Valley Children’s Home
C．a program to provide scholarships
D．the journey to Nepal, Asia
解析 词义理解题。根据画线部分前面的内容可知，Doyne的父母很支持她建立the Kopila Valley Children’s Home，而让其他成年人信服一个18岁的女孩可以完成这么大的一个工程却很困难，所以这里such a big project指代Doyne辛苦募捐而建立的the Kopila Valley Children’s Home。
答案 B
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．Doyne overcame great difficulties in building the home
B．everything in Nepal worked out as Doyne had expected
C．with her parents’ help, Doyne stopped raising funds
D．it was easy to persuade adults around Doyne to support her
解析 推理判断题。依据第五段的内容可推断为建设the Kopila Valley Children’s Home，Doyne做了大量的募捐游说工作，为此付出了大量心血。
答案 A
1. As she’s not here, I suppose she________home.
A. must go B. must have gone
C. might go D. might be going
解析 must 后接动词完成式表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“一定已经做了某事”。
答案 B
2. Are you still here You________home hours ago.
A. should go B. should have gone
C. might go D. may have gone
解析 should 后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”。
答案 B
3. “I called you yesterday. A woman answered, but I didn’t recognize her voice.” “Oh, it________my aunt Jean.”
A. must be B. must have been
C. might be D. can have been
解析 对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词 ＋ 动词完成式”，再根据句意，可确定答案为B。注：can 表示推测通常不用于肯定句。
答案 B
4. “Look at these tracks. It________be a wolf.” “Don’t be so sure. I think it________be a fox.”
A. must; could B. may; might
C. need; must D. could; need
解析 根据 Don’t be so sure 可知前面一空应填must。第二空填的could表示推测，虽为过去式形式，但表示现在意义，语气较委婉，它与表推测的 can 主要用于否定句和疑问句不同，它可以用于肯定陈述句。
答案 A
5. “Did Jim come？” “I don’t know. He ________while I was out.”
A. might have come B. might come
C. mush have come D. should have come
解析 根据句中有关时态可知“他来”发生在过去，故排除B；根据 I don’t know 可知选项C语气太肯定，不合适；选项D的意思是“本来应该来”，与语境不合。
答案 A
6. If only he________quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay
C. had lain D. should lie
解析 if only 意为“要是……就好了”，其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气，同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反，故选 C。
答案 C
7. I am not afraid of losing the job.________ laid off，I will be able to make a living in other ways.
A. Would I be B. Should I be
C. Could I be D. Might I be
解析 考查错综虚拟语气。即便下岗，我也有能力用其他方式谋生。由此可知，从句应用与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，即有If I should be，在此可将If省略后倒装，因此选B。
答案 B
8. You didn’t go all out，otherwise you________ the work better.
A. had done B. did
C. would do D. could have done
解析 考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意：你没有竭尽全力，否则你会把工作干得更好。有的时候一个假设并不用条件句表示，而是用otherwise或or(else)来表示，此句中的otherwise相当于if you had gone all out，所以后边应该用情态动词的过去式加不定式的完成式结构。
答案 D
9. You didn’t let me drive. If we________in turn, you________so tired.
A. drove; didn’t get
B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get
D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
解析 根据句中的 didn’t let me drive 可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句，条件句的谓语用 had＋过去分词，主句谓语用 would / should / could / might have＋过去分词。
答案 D
10. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it________.
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
解析 as if 引导的句子，有时用虚拟语气，有时不用。
原则上说，若指事实或可能为事实，不用虚拟语气；若指现在，从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be 用 were)；若指过去用过去完成时，若指将来用过去将来时或用 were to do sth。
答案 C1. (2011·山东师大附中第七次质量检测) For quite________students，their teacher’s advice is more important than________of their parents’．
A．few；one B．a little；some
C．a few；that D．a lot；many
解析 考查代词的用法。quite a few相当于very many，用来修饰可数名词，第二空用that代替前面的不可数名词advice。
答案 C
2. (2011·北京朝阳区高三一模) I’d appreciate________if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it
C. this D. one
解析 考查代词it的用法。it作形式宾语，英语中有些动词后不能直接跟宾语从句，须先加it作形式宾语，然后再接宾语从句，如like, hate, dislike等。
答案 B
3. Tom’s mother always told him not to smoke again, but________didn’t help.
A. he B. it
C. which D. as
解析 it 指前面提到的情况。由于句中用了并列连词 but，所以不能选C。当然，若去掉空格前的but，则可选C。
答案 B
4. Both teams were in hard training；________was willing to lose the game.
A. either B. neither
C. another D. the other
解析 因是 both teams，即谈论的是两者，因此可锁定A和B；从语境上看，应选B，即双方都不愿输。
答案 B
5. There he pointed to________looked like a stone and said that’s________you had to carry home.
A. that, that B. what, what
C. which, what D. as, which
解析 即两空均填 what，第一个what 相当于 something that；第二个what 相当于the thing that。
答案 B
6. I know nothing about the accident except________I read in the paper.
A. that B. for
C. what D. 不填
解析 what 在句中用作动词 read 的宾语。
答案 C
7. Energy is________makes one work.
A. what B. something
C. anything D. that
解析 what 相当于 something that。
答案 A
8. Don’t go to________places where there is no fresh air.
A. such B. so
C. those D. which
解析 但容易误选A。按英语习惯，受 such 修饰的名词后跟定语从句时，引导定语从句的关系词一般只能是 as，而不能是 that, which, who, where等。如：Such women as knew him thought he was charming. 认识他的女人都认为他很有魅力。此句中的 as 就不能换成that 或 who，若要使用 that 或who，则需将 such 换掉，如说成Those women who knew Tom thought he was charming.
答案 C
9. The classroom is almost empty, where is________？
A. someone B. anyone
C. everyone D. no one
解析 句意为“教室几乎是空的，大家都到哪里去了？”
答案 C
10. I’m afraid we can’t have coffee; there’s________left.
A. nothing B. none
C. no one D. no any
解析 nothing 指“什么也没有”；none 指数量上的“一点(个)也没有”。注：回答 how much 和 how many 时要用 none，而不用 nothing，道理同此。
答案 B
11．________ worries me is________we’re going to pay for all this.
A. It, that B. That, how
C. What, how D. As, that
解析 what worries me 为主语从句，且 what 在主语从句中用作主语。
答案 C
12. He just does________he pleases and never thinks about anyone else.
A. that B. what
C. which D. how
解析 从句意推知。
答案 B
13．________ of you comes first will get the ticket.
A. Which B. Whichever
C. Who D. Whatever
解析 选B 最佳，因 who后通常不接表示范围的 of 短语，故不宜选C；若选A，则句型不对；若选D，则语义不通。
答案 B
14. His income is double ________it was five years ago.
A. that B. which
C. as D. what
解析 what 相当于 the amount that。
答案 D
15. If you want a friend, you’ll find________in me.
A. one B. it
C. that D. him
解析 one 在此相当于a friend。
答案 A
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
阅读理解
A
Unless you take an interest in this wonderful game called chess，you will never answer his question，“Why is chess so cool？”It is a game played in your brain where you just need to use some intelligent(聪明的)skills to play.When a player sits to play this game，he_is_expected_to_keep_his_brain_cool_to_use_chess_skills.It is a game for all ages，but chess theory(理论)is difficult to understand.It is a game which improves your concentration and sharpens(提高)your intelligence.The main aim is to defeat the other player and become the winner.
Here are some examples of the beauty of chess and why chess is so cool!
Artistic value：We all know that paining or writing poems or dancing are all forms of art，so is chess.Chess shows your imagination(想象力)，cleverness and skill.It is the art that sharpens your brain to achieve victory whenever it is required.
Practical value：While playing chess，you will find lots of difficult challenges whenever you try to improve your level of skill.You need to think carefully in order to improve.To play chess well，you need lots of practice and study.It is a game of new and interesting ideas.So make sure you learn the right skills，or you will lose the game.
Taking pleasure：Chess is preferred by very few people compared to other games.Whoever develops a taste for this fantastic game feels it to be a great source of joy and pleasure.
Education：One of the greatest benefits(好处)in playing chess is developing educational values.Chess helps you to develop your logical(逻辑的)thinking and planning.
So，if you haven’t started yet，begin now to sharpen your skills and intelligence.
本文介绍了国际象棋的魅力。
1．By saying “he is expected to keep his brain cool to use chess skills”，the author means ________.
A．players like to play chess in a cold place
B．players should keep calm while playing chess
C．players play chess after they wash their heads
D．players are usually impatient while playing chess
解析 细节理解题。根据前面的It is a game played in your brain where you just need to use some intelligent skills to play可知，国际象棋是一项对智力要求较高的活动，因此在下象棋的时候，需要保持冷静的头脑。文中第四段的think carefully to improve也是提示。
答案 B
2．The practical value of chess proves that ________.
A．it is never too late to learn
B．a good beginning means success
C．it is easier said than done
D．practice makes perfect
解析 推理判断题。文章的第四段主要讲述下国际象棋需要大量的练习，再结合To play chess well，you need lots of practice and study...or you will lose the game可知，熟能生巧这个道理适用于下国际象棋。
答案 D
3．Why did the author write this passage
A．To describe the difficulty in playing chess.
B．To explain why chess is so cool.
C．To teach how to play chess well.
D．To introduce the rules for playing chess.
解析 写作意图题。作者在本文中主要介绍了国际象棋的魅力，以及它所具有的几种价值。从这些价值方面介绍了它为什么这么酷，所以选B。
答案 B
4．Which section of a magazine is this passage probably taken from
A．Sports. B．Entertainment.
C．Education. D．Travel.
解析 文章出处题。该文介绍了国际象棋的魅力，最有可能从杂志的娱乐板块部分摘选。
答案 B
B
Sydney,5 May 2010(BBC News)－An Australian girl，called Jessica Watson，is 16 years old.She is nearly home after sailing around the world.But she may not realise her dream to get the record as the youngest person to make the journey.
After more than six months at sea，Jessica Watson is in the final part of her long and difficult journey around the world.She is hoping to reach Sydney Harbor later this month a couple of days before her seventeenth birthday.
But although there is no question that she has sailed non stop without getting any help during the journey around the world，sailing experts say she has not gone far enough to reach the record of being the youngest person to sail by herself.
The influential(有很大影响的)Sail World website has praised her heroic(英雄气概的)achievement.However，it believes that rules are very important and must be followed exactly.To have made the world record－the youngest person to make a journey around the world，it says，the girl should not simply cross the equator and then return south.Instead，she should have sailed much farther north into the Atlantic to a point in line with France.
“We don’t want to take away from what the kid has done，”said the editor(编辑)of the website.“But it is one thing to be a hero and it is another thing to be a record holder.If she had sailed three thousand seven hundred kilometers further，she could have said that she had broken the record.”
本文是一篇新闻，报道了一位16岁澳大利亚女孩为了成为独自航行环游世界的最年轻的记录保持者的壮举。
5．When did Jessica Watson probably start her journey
A．In October 2009. B．In December 2009.
C．In January 2010. D．In May 2010.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段新闻所提示的时间是2010年的5月5日以及文章第二段提到的After more than six months at sea可以推断，她很可能是在2009年的10月开始她的航行的。
答案 A
6．Why did Jessica Watson make the journey around the world
A．To be a world record holder.
B．To know more about the world.
C．To be praised by the world.
D．To become famous worldwide.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的her dream to get the record as the youngest person to make the journey可知，Jessica Watson是想成为记录保持者。
答案 A
7．The Sail World website thinks ________.
A．what Jessica Watson has done is perfect
B．Jessica Watson should have done better
C．Jessica Watson has made the world record
D．Jessica Watson has sailed into the Atlantic
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段和第五段可知，Said World网站表扬了Jessica Watson的壮举，并同时指出，为了成为世界记录保持者，她不应该刚刚跨过赤道就返回，而应航行得更远。故B正确。
答案 B
8．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Failure is the mother of success
B．An Australian girl’s coming birthday
C．A hero but not a record holder
D．Success means working harder
解析 标题归纳题。本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了澳大利亚女孩虽有英雄壮举，但并没有成功地成为世界记录保持者。本文对其环游世界的举动进行了描述和评论。
答案 C
1. Oh, how beautiful it is! I like________better.
A. everything B. anything
C. nothing D. something
解析 I like nothing better 相当于 It’s the best thing I like。
答案 C
2. Do you know ________friends are coming to our party
A. whose else’s B. who’s else
C. whose else D. who else’s
解析 else 可放在 who, what, where, how, why 等疑问词之后，但习惯上不放在which之后，而且在一般情况下也不用在whose后，遇此情况可用 who else’s，如：
Who else’s fault could it be 这会是其他什么人的错吗？
但是，若其后不修饰名词，有时也可用whose else。如：
Whose else could it be 这会是其他什么人的吗？
答案 D
3．________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B. The person
C. Whoever D. No matter who
解析 其余三者均不能引导主语从句。whoever 在此相当于 anyone who。
答案 C
4. Jane hopes to become a friend of________shares her interests.
A. whomever B. anyone
C. whoever D. no matter who
解析 whoever shares her interests用作介词of的宾语，同时whoever又用作谓语动词shares的主语。
答案 C
5. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr and Mrs Smith without hurting the feeling of________， but failed.
A. none B. either
C. all D. neither
解析 由于句中谈到的是 Mr and Mrs Smith，即谈的是两者，故排除选项A和C，因为 none 和all 均用于指三者。又因为空格前有否定介词without，故空格处填either, 不用 neither。
答案 B
6．—Here are the best styles of the clothes. Which one do you like
—________. They are not so nice as I expected.
A. Neither B. All
C. Nothing D. None
解析 none 可视为 I like none of them 之省略。从下文的语境看，空格处只能填一个表否定意义的词。据此首先排除B；虽然A、C、D均表否定意义，但neither 与前面的best(既然使用最高级，说明有三者或多者在作比较)不吻合；而 nothing 表示“什么也没有”，不合语境。
答案 D
7. Mr Ascot, headmaster of the school, refused to accept________of the three suggestions made by the Students’ Union.
A. either B. neither
C. any D. none
解析 none 和 neither 表否定，与句中的 refused to acept这一语境不符。在 either 与 any 两个选项中，either 指两者，与句中的 three suggestions 不符。故只能选 any，指三者中的任意一个。
答案 C
8．“ There’s coffee and tea; you can have ________.”“ Thanks.”
A. either B. each
C. one D. it
解析 比较四个选项：either 指两者中的“任意一个”，each 指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”，one 用来替代“a / an ＋单数可数名词”，it 替代“the ＋单数名词”。
答案 A
9．“ When shall we meet again？”“ Make it________day you like; it’s all the same to me.”
A. one B. any
C. another D. some
解析 根据下文的 it’s all the same to me(对我都一样)可知，选 any 最合语境。
答案 B
10. “Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.”“ Why________？ John is sitting there doing nothing.”
A. him B. he
C. I D. me
解析 Why me 可视为 Why do you ask me to go and join 之省略。另外，me 还通常在简略回答中用作主语。如：Me too.(我也一样。)
答案 D1.(2011·唐山市二模)—Sir，________man named George wants to see you.
—Did he ever make________telephone call
A．a; the B．the; the
C．the; 不填 D．a; a
解析 考查冠词的用法。第一空泛指“一个人”；第二空泛指“一个电话”。语境：—先生，一个名叫George的人想见你。——他曾经打过电话吗？
答案 D
2. (2011·河北石家庄质检二)I had________supper at my friend’s last Sunday and________food was so delicious.
A. a; the B．不填；不填
C．不填；the D. the；不填
解析 考查冠词的用法。第一空一般在三餐前不用冠词；第二空特指“上个星期日在朋友家吃的食物”，故用定冠词the。
答案 C
3. (2011·天津十二所重点学校联考)—Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management
—If you make________most of the modern equipment, there will be________rise in production.
A．不填； 不填 B．the; a
C．不填； a D．the; 不填
解析 考查冠词的用法。语境：——你提出关于提高我们公司业务管理的建议好吗？——如果你们充分利用现代设备，产品将会有一个提升。第一空考查短语make the most of意为：充分利用；第二空抽象名词具体化，a rise指“一次提升”。
答案 B
4．(2011·北京海淀区高三二模)—How about ________party
—Cool! It was really________great fun! Pity you weren’t there.
A．a; a B．the; a
C．the; 不填 D．a; 不填
解析 主要考查冠词的用法。第一个用the表特指双方都知道的party，而fun是不可数名词，所以前不要冠词，故正确答案为C。
答案 C
5. (2011·北京西城区高三抽样检测)________panda is one of________remaining endangered animals in the world.
A. The; the B. A; a
C. The; a D. 不填； the
解析 主要考查冠词的用法。第一个the表特指，是熊猫这类动物而区别于其他动物。第二个the特指是因为后面有后置定语修饰。
答案 A
6. The most important thing about cotton in history is________part that it played in________Industrial Revolution.
A. /，/ B. the，/
C. the , the D. a ，the
解析 本题考查冠词。题中“Industrial Revolution”是专有名词，因此要加定冠词。题中又特指了“cotton”发挥的作用，也要用定冠词。
答案 C
7．(2011·北京石景山高三统一测试)It is really________useful dictionary，________dictionary every one of us needs.
A．an, a B．a，the
C．the, a D．a, a
解析 考查冠词的用法。第一空泛指“一本有用的字典”；第二空泛指“一本我们每个人需要的字典”。
答案 D
8. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made________discovery which completely changed ________man’s understanding of color.
A. a; 不填 B. a; the
C. 不填； the D. the; a
解析 考查冠词的用法。第一空表示“一个发现”；第二空understanding of color已有限定词man’s，故不用冠词。
答案 A
9．(2011·唐山市摸底)In________week or so，I’ll be among________unemployed，I’m afraid.
A．不填；a B．a；不填
C．a；the D．me：不填
解析 考查冠词的用法。第一空泛指“一周”；第二空特指“失业的人”。
答案 C
10．(2011·浙江温州十校联考)Pirates from Somalia who hijacked________European carrier in________Indian Ocean threatened to kill its 25 crew members if any rescue operation was attempted.
A．the; 不填 B．a; the
C．the; a D. the; the
解析 考查冠词的用法。第一空泛指一艘欧洲船只；第二空特指印度洋。
答案 B
11. At a rough estimate，Nigeria is________Great Britain.
A. three times the size as
B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of
D. three times the size of
解析 本题考查倍数的表达。表示倍数或者百分比的表达方式有：
1)……倍数/百分比＋形容词或者副词比较级＋than...
2)……倍数/百分比＋the＋名词(size/width/weight/height/length/etc)＋of...
3)……倍数/百分比＋as＋形容词或者副词as＋...
4)倍数/百分比＋可数名词复数＋...
5)倍数/百分比＋不可数名词＋...
答案 D
12. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times________.
A. as much B. as many
C. so much D. so many
解析 本题考查的是倍数表达法。表示“A是B的多少倍”可以用“A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋(as＋B)”的结构来表示，如上文已经提到A是与B相比较，也就是说上文已经提到了与A相比较的对象，那么两者在比较时可以将第二个as和比较对象B省略掉。例如：This room is a little larger than that one，but it is four times as expensive。本句的意思是：我更喜欢这件上衣而不喜欢那件，但这件上衣的价钱几乎是那件的三倍。另外，表示“A是B的多少倍”还可以用以下两种结构来表示1)A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋形容词的比较级＋than＋B。2)A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋名词＋of＋B。
答案 A
13.—Can I help you, madam
—I’d like to buy________eggs.
A. scores of B. two scores of
C. two dozens of D. three scores of
解析 考查数量词score和dozen的用法。两个词前有具体数字时，通常不用复数形式。复数形式常与of连用。故选A。
答案 A
14.—I think 20 dollars for it is OK.
—No, I’d gladly pay________for it.
A. twice as much B. three times of what
C. the price twice D. as much three times
解析 考查倍数的用法。倍数在比较级或原级之前。
答案 A
15. I’ve told him________.
A. a hundred time B. hundred times
C. hundred of times D. hundreds of times
解析 考查数词的用法。hundred单数要与a或具体数字使用；复数常与of连用。故选D。
答案 D
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I left baseball not for physical reasons but because it was my season for change. So I decided to walk away and __1__ I did, like the vast majority of players, I was __2__.It would be the first time since I learned to swing a bat that I would spend an entire summer __3__ ever putting on a uniform.
For me, the moment was hard completely without the guiding wisdom of my father, who could __4__ with me with just a nod of his head. He passed away two years ago.
Since my __5__，I have been searching for the next passion. It is a(n) __6__ journey, and many players never find their next love.
Of course my father could never be replaced. He was a doctor，__7__ his passion was writing. He left behind a body of poetry that __8__ me now. Outside of the original collection of poetry I have, he left behind two books he published on his own.
I didn’t stay lost forever.I __9__ something that I wasn’t looking for：a voice through writing. Only later did I understand that this would be a(n)__10__ to understanding my father in another way, one that __11__ me to connect a passion I didn’t realize we both __12__.
Writing __13__ me to people who were __14__ strangers and made them guests at my table. Words are in fact a dynamic I’m reminded of when I call upon my father __15__ his poetry. In this way, my father stays with me.
After my first book was published, a college teacher I met at my friend’s home told me that it was a perfect example of opinion piece.I had already known that for me writing was a passion and __16__ a therapy, but now I also thought that it was __17__ that I’d found my next profession.
Thankfully，I always __18__ my father was proud of me. I have no doubt that he would be even prouder of __19__ I am doing with my words that I can __20__ for my son to read one day.
直到后来我才意识到，写作是我用另一种方式去理解父亲的一座桥梁。
1．A.since B．though
C．once D．if
解析 考查连词辨析。once“一旦”。一旦我离开了运动场，像很多运动员一样，我迷失了。其他三项不符合语境。
答案 C
2．A.separated B．lost
C．puzzled D．satisfied
解析 考查形容词辨析。be lost“迷失(自我)”。separated“分居的”；puzzled“困惑的，迷惑不解的”；satisfied“满足的”。下文“I didn’t stay lost forever”也是答案暗示。
答案 B
3．A.instead of B．without
C．but for D．despite
解析 考查介词辨析。without“没有”。自从我学习棒球以来，这将会是我第一次不穿运动装度过整个夏天。instead of“代替”；but for “要不是”；despite“尽管”。
答案 B
4．A.communicate B．play
C．contact D．agree
解析 考查动词(短语)辨析。空后的a nod of his head是一种交流方法，暗示答案为A项。communicate with sb.“与某人交流”。play with“与……一起玩，玩弄”；contact with“与……有联系”；agree with表达的含义是同意或赞同(某人的观点)，不符合这一语境。
答案 A
5．A.graduation B．retirement
C．unemployment D．marriage
解析 考查名词辨析。由文章首句可知此处为退出棒球行业，因此选B, retirement此处的含义为(运动员)退役。其他三项graduation“毕业”；unemployment“失业”；marriage“结婚”，均不符合语境。
答案 B
6．A.tough B．different
C．exciting D．dangerous
解析 考查形容词辨析。a tough journey“一次艰难的旅程”。这是一次艰难的旅程，很多运动员都找不到下一个兴趣。
答案 A
7．A.and B．so
C．but D．even though
解析 考查连词辨析。父亲是一位医生，但是他爱好写作。前后是转折关系，所以用but。
答案 C
8．A.interests B．guides
C．confuses D．shocks
解析 考查动词辨析。由下文可知，父亲留下的很多诗作给我提供了指导。guide“指导，指引”。
答案 B
9．A.found B．understood
C．desired D．recognized
解析 考查动词辨析。我找到了我一直没有寻找的东西——通过写作来表达自我。下文的looking for(寻找)也是对应的提示。
答案 A
10．A.way B．bridge
C．key D．opportunity
解析 考查名词辨析。直到后来我才明白写作是我用另一种方式理解父亲的纽带。bridge是全文的关键字，表示“桥梁，纽带”，符合语境。a way to do sth.或a way of doing sth.表示“做某事的方法”，a key to(doing)sth.意为“做某事的关键”，不符合语境。
答案 B
11．A.led B．drove
C．required D．pushed
解析 考查动词辨析。lead sb.to do sth.“导致/引导某人做某事”。
答案 A
12．A.depended B．expected
C．shared D．appreciated
解析 考查动词辨析。share这里表示“有同样的爱好”，符合语境。
答案 C
13．A.recommended B．introduced
C．applied D．adapted
解析 考查动词辨析。introduce sb.to“把……介绍(给)”。写作把我介绍给原本陌生的人，并且使他们成为了我的读者。
答案 B
14．A.certainly B．probably
C．obviously D．otherwise
解析 考查副词辨析。otherwise“要不然，否则”。
答案 D
15．A.in B．through
C．beyond D．between
解析 考查介词辨析。through 表示“凭借，以”。当我借助诗回想父亲时，文字实际上起到了提醒作用。
答案 B
16．A.even B．still
C．already D．actually
解析 考查副词辨析。even表示递进关系，意为“甚至”。
答案 A
17．A.possibly B．probably
C．certainly D．likely
解析 考查形容词辨析。本句使用了It is likely that...句型，表示“很可能……”。在这一结构中应用形容词作表语，而其他选项皆为副词，所以选D项。
答案 D
18．A.knew B．realized
C．hoped D．admitted
解析 考查动词辨析。语意：幸运的是，我一直了解父亲因为我而感到自豪。
答案 A
19．A.what B．how
C．who D．which
解析 考查连接词辨析。连接词what引导的从句作介词of的宾语，并且what充当所引导的从句中to的宾语。
答案 A
20．A.ask B．persuade
C．leave D．write
解析 考查动词辨析。leave sth.(for sb.)“把……留给(某人)”。这里是that引导的定语从句，先行词是my words(我的文字)。本句传达的信息是“能够把作品留给儿子阅读”，照应“父亲把他的作品留给我”，而非“能够写作品给儿子阅读”，所以不能选write。
答案 C
Ⅱ.书面表达
作为一名学生，你肯定经历过多次考试，体验过成功，也遭遇过失败。请你根据提示内容，简要概括学生中普遍存在的对考试失败的两种态度，并结合自身实际，说明你的观点。
消极态度 积极态度
当考试结果不尽如人意时，情绪低落，丧失信心，不再继续努力。 当考试失败时，鼓励自己，分析考试失败的原因。
注意：1.题目自拟；
2．词数：100左右。
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【参考范文】
Failure Is the Mother of Success
We middle school students have had many tests or exams.We have achieved success and suffered from failure.As for failure，different students take different attitudes towards failure.
Some are in low spirits when they don’t do well in the exams.They usually lose heart and no longer study as hard as before.But most students take an active attitude towards failure.They encourage themselves to be self confident，trying to find out and analyze the causes so that they will not make similar mistakes again in future.
I agree with those with active attitudes.As we all know，failure is the mother of success.Even great people have failed many times before they succeed.So we must deal with our failure correctly.
1. Since tasting the excitement of ________big city life, she never wants to live in________country again.
A. the, the B. 不填，不填
C. the, 不填 D. 不填，the
解析 big city life 表泛指，其前不用冠词；country表示“农村”时，其前习惯上要用定冠词。
答案 D
2. The operation is________success and the patient is now out of________danger.
A. a, the B. a, 不填
C. 不填， the D. 不填，不填
解析 success 在此指“成功的事”，为可数名词；out of danger(脱离危险)为习语，其中不用冠词。
答案 B
3. As ________writer, he was________complete failure.
A. a, a B. a, the
C. 不填，不填 D. a, 不填
解析 其中的 failure 在此指“失败的人”，为可数名词。
答案 A
4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls ________.
A. on the Sunday B. on a Sunday
C. on Sunday D. at a Sunday
解析 Sunday 前用不定冠词，表示“某一个”。
答案 B
5. This is________best kind of________pen you can get here.
A. the, the B. the, a
C. the, 不填 D. a, the
解析 kind of 后的名词通常不用冠词。
答案 C
6. It’s________walk from here to my school.
A. two hours B. two hours
C. two hour D. a two hour
解析 “walk”作为名词，常与不定冠词连用。注意：在表数量的合成词中，名词部分为单数，如：a two year old boy。
答案 D
7. It was in________when he was already in________that he went to Yan’an.
A. the 1940s, the 40s B. the 1940s, his forties
C. 1940’s, his forties D. the 1940’s, his 40s
解析 “在20世纪40年代”，必须有定冠词“the”。此外，年代后要加“s”或“’s”；他已经40多岁了“要用in his forties”。
答案 B
8. He went to the market and bought________eggs and some meat.
A. three dozen of B. three dozen
C. three dozens D. three dozens of
解析 dozen与数词或多或少several, many连用时，复数不加s。dozens of表示数量很多，在修饰有these，the等词限定的名词时，可用dozen of的形式。如：three dozen of these eggs。
答案 B
9. The price of such material was reduced________.
A. by 18 percent B. to 18 percent
C. at 18 percent D. for 18 percent
解析 表增加或减少的数量的百分比，用by＋百分数表示。
答案 A
10. The education of ________young is always ________hot and serious topic.
A. 不填， 不填 B. the, a
C. 不填， the D. the, 不填
解析 the young意为“年轻人”，定冠词用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物；第二空填不定冠词修饰名词 topic。
答案 B1．(2011·北京朝阳高三一模)This article may shock some sensitive readers，________I offer my apologies in advance.
A. from whom B. for whom
C. to whom D. towards whom
解析 考查介词＋whom引导的定语从句。从句中是offer sth. to sb.结构，故选C。
答案 C
2．(2011·山东省烟台市高三调研测试)We hope the measures to control house prices，________are taken by the government, will succeed.
A．which B．that
C．what D．as
解析 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为measures，用which引导。
答案 A
3. Is this the reason________at the meeting for his carelessness in his work
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
解析 注意不能选 D，因为动词 explained 缺宾语。
答案 A
4. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without________we would have lost our way.
A. it B. that
C. this D. which
解析 which 指 the road map。
答案 D
5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from________efforts he still suffers.
A. which B. that
C. whose D. what
解析 from whose efforts he still suffers 为修饰 a serious illness 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 efforts。
答案 C
6. It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one________he can get more money to support his family.
A. when B. where
C. that D. which
解析 where 引导定语从句修饰 one。注：one 在此指 a new job。类似地，下面一题的答案是C，因为one that 相当于 a problem that：
The problem is________has caused us a lot of trouble.
A. one B. that
C. one that D. that one
答案 B
7. We are living in an age________many things are done on computer.
A. which B. that
C. whose D. when
解析 先行词是表时间的 age(时代)，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 when。
答案 D
8. The little time we have together we’ll try________wisely.
A. spending it B. to spend it
C. to spend D. spending that
解析 该句的正常词序为 We will try to spend the little time we have together wisely.
答案 C
9. The old building, behind________was a famous church, was________we used to work.
A. that, the place B. it, the place
C. which, where D. what, where
解析 第一空填 which，指 the old building；第二空填 where，用以引导表语从句。
答案 C
10. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, ________other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which
C. where D. when
解析 先行词是地点名词 places，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 where。
答案 C
11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ________the country became united.
A. when B. if
C. since D. until
解析 when 引导的是非限制性定语从句。
答案 A
12. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those________in the forest.
A. once they grew B. they grew once
C. that once grew D. once grew
解析 that once grew in the forest 为修饰 those 的定语从句。
答案 C
13. You could see the runners very well from ________we stood.
A. which B. where
C. that D. when
解析 where 在此相当于 the place where。
答案 B
14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，________was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
解析 the price of which was very reasonable 为非限制性定语从句，其中的 the price of which 相当于 and its price 或 and the price of it。假若空格前有并列连词 and，则可选 C。
答案 B
15. What have you got________will help a cold
A. what B. that
C. it D. who
解析 that will help a cold 为修饰 what 的定语从句。比较：Have you got anything that will help a cold 以及 I’ve got nothing that will help a cold.
答案 B
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
There was once a young ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员)who had taken ballet lessons all through her childhood. She wanted to be a leading ballet dancer，but she wanted to be __1__ about this. When a ballet company came to town, she went backstage after the __2__ and spoke to the ballet master：“I want to be a great ballet dancer but I don’t know if I have the __3__ at all.”The master said，“__4__ for me.”After a minute or two, he shook his head and said，“No, no，no, you don’t have what it takes to be a __5__ ballerina.”
The young woman went home __6__.She threw the ballet slippers into the closet and never wore them again.__7__ she got married and had children. When the kids were __8__ enough, she took a part time job __9__ a cashier at a corner shop.
__10__ later，the same ballet company came to town. She __11__ the performance and on the way out，she __12__ the same old ballet master who was then in his eighties. She __13__ him that they had spoken before.She __14__ him photos of her children and told him about the corner shop job that she was doing now.And then she asked，“There is just one thing that really __15__ me for many years.__16__ could you tell me that I don’t have what it takes to be a great ballerina？”
“Oh，I __17__ looked at you when you danced.That’s what I told all of them who __18__ to me，”he said.“But ... but, that’s unforgivable! You have __19__ my life；I could have been a great ballet dancer！”she cried.“No, no ... I don’t think so.If you have what it takes，you wouldn’t have paid any __20__ to what I said，” the old ballet master said.
Well, whose fault is it anyway
一个对未来充满无限憧憬的年轻芭蕾舞女演员在别人的敷衍塞责中过起了平平淡淡的生活，多年之后她才明白了事情的真相。时光无法倒流，这究竟是谁的过错呢？
1．A.careful B．sorry
C．anxious D．sure
解析 根据下文她询问那位芭蕾大师可知，她想当一名出色的芭蕾舞女演员，但是却想通过别人的肯定来“确信(be sure about)”自己拥有这方面的才能。
答案 D
2．A.performance B．discussion
C．lesson D．crowd
解析 根据前半句中的内容可知她在“演出(performance)”完毕后来到了后台。
答案 A
3．A.choice B．freedom
C．talent D．chance
解析 她向对方请教，说自己想成为一名伟大的芭蕾舞女演员，但是不知道自己究竟是否有具备这方面的“天赋(talent)”。第三段中的what it takes to be a great ballerina是提示。
答案 C
4．A.Work B．Prepare
C．Wait D．Dance
解析 根据下一句中的内容可知他先让这位年轻的芭蕾舞女演员“跳 (Dance)”给他看。下文的when you danced也是提示。
答案 D
5．A.great B．serious
C．beautiful D．patient
解析 此处与上文中的“I want to be a great ballet dancer”相呼应。
答案 A
6．A.puzzled B．excited
C．hungry D．heartbroken
解析 对方的话对她的打击非常大，再结合下一句可知她回到家后“极度伤心(heartbroken)”。
答案 D
7．A.However B．Therefore
C．Instead D．Otherwise
解析 她把芭蕾舞鞋扔到壁橱中，再也不穿了，“而是(Instead)”结婚生子。此处表示意思的对比。
答案 C
8．A.clever B．old
C．lovely D．dependent
解析 当孩子长到足够“大(old)”的时候，她在拐角的一家商店找到了一份工作。
答案 B
9．A.like B．with
C．for D．as
解析 她的兼职工作是收银员，此处as表示“作为”。
答案 D
10．A.Years B．Months
C．Weeks D．Days
解析 上文中提到她结婚生子，等孩子长大时在商店找了一份工作，由此可推断是“数年(Years)”之后。50空后的for many years是提示。
答案 A
11．A.played B．canceled
C．hated D．attended
解析 根据本句中的“on the way out”可知她“参加(attended)”了这次芭蕾舞演出。
答案 D
12．A.ran into B．quarreled with
C．believed in D．glared at
解析 在出来的路上，她又“碰到(ran into)”了那位老人。
答案 A
13．A.promised B．advised
C．reminded D．cheated
解析 时隔多年，此时的老人已经八十多岁了，所以她“提醒(reminded)”对方他们以前曾经交谈过。
答案 C
14．A.awarded B．showed
C．sold D．mailed
解析 她向对方“展示(showed)”孩子的照片，并告诉对方有关自己工作的一些情况。
答案 B
15．A.interested B．encouraged
C．frightened D．bothered
解析 她年轻的时候非常希望成为一名优秀的芭蕾舞演员，至今仍念念不忘昔日的梦想，所以多年来此事一直“烦扰(bothered)”她。
答案 D
16．A.How B．Why
C．When D．Where
解析 根据下一段中对方的回答可知，她询问的是对方“如何(How)”断定她不具备成为优秀芭蕾舞演员的才能。
答案 A
17．A.secretly B．immediately
C．barely D．proudly
解析 第一段的最后提到她仅仅跳了一两分钟，对方就摇头并表示了否定意见，由此可推测当她跳的时候，他“几乎没有(barely)”看。
答案 C
18．A.contributed B．came
C．replied D．wrote
解析 他对每一个“前来(came)”向他求教的人都是那么说的。
答案 B
19．A.ruined B．improved
C．experienced D．controlled
解析 她认为他不负责任的评价“毁(ruined)”了她的生活，葬送了她的美好前程。
答案 A
20．A.money B．effort
C．visit D．attention
解析 根据本句前半句中的内容可知，他认为如果她确实具备成为优秀芭蕾舞演员的才能，就不会“注意(attention)”他所说的话。
答案 D
Ⅱ.书面表达
伴随着“开心农场”的开通，“偷菜”成了2009年风靡全国的网络游戏。网民在虚拟农场中尝试种菜并感受收获果实的快乐，也可以到好友的菜地里偷菜来换取虚拟钱币，享受不劳而获的乐趣。假如你是一名高三学生，你所在的班级里有相当一部分学生沉溺于此款游戏，请你给校英文报写一篇100词左右的英语短文来陈述该游戏的弊端并劝导沉迷于此的同学合理利用时间，寻找更合适的解压方式。
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【参考范文】
Happy Farm is a virtual place where players can grow and harvest crops.However，the reason why it has become so popular is that players can also steal fruit and vegetables from their friends’ farms and sell them for virtual money，enjoying the pleasure of getting something without making the effort.
I become worried when I find some of my classmates are addicted to this game.That explains why they always feel tired and even yawn in class.With the National College Entrance Examination approaching，it’s high time for us to concentrate on our studies.Instead of doing anything that distracts our attention，we need to find a proper way to relax，e.g.，doing sports or listening to music.
1. I can think of many cases________students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
A. why B. which
C. as D. where
解析 先行词是 many cases，关系副词 where ＝in which。
答案 D
2. Is this all that you need If you married me, I’d give you everything you________.
A. want B. wanted
C. had wanted D. are wanting
解析 尽管句中用了 if you married me, I’d give you everything 这样的虚拟语气句子，但修饰everything 的定语从句 (that) you want 却要用陈述语语气，因为它是回答前面 Is this all that you need 这一提问的。
答案 A
3. I met the teacher in the street yesterday________taught me English three years ago.
A. which B. when
C. where D. who
解析 因定语从句缺主语，且关系代词指人，故选D。
答案 D
4. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation________he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where B. which
C. while D. why
解析 where 所引导的为修饰 a dangerous situation 的定语从句。
答案 A
5. He made another wonderful discovery，________of great importance to science.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is
C. which I think it D. I think is
解析 选项中的 I think 是插入语，若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案。
答案 A
6. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，________， of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which
C. this D. what
解析 of course 为插入语，若将其去掉，则答案显然是B。
答案 B
7. Their problem today is somewhat similar to________they faced many years ago.
A. that B. which
C. that which D. it
解析 that which相当于 the problem which。
答案 C
8. I saw some trees the leaves of ________were black with disease.
A. that B. which
C. it D. what
解析 the leaves of which 相当于 whose leaves。
答案 B
9. The famous basketballer，________tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
A. where B. when
C. which D. who
解析 先行词是 The famous basketballer(著名的篮球明星)，故要用 who 来引导定语从句，因为其余三项均不用于指人。
答案 D
10. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one，________she had arranged with James.
A. the which was what B. what was that
C. which was what D. that was that
解析 which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，其中 which 指代 a cheaper one，且在定语从句中用作主语。which was what 中的 what引导一个表语从句，它相当于 the one that。
答案 C1. Don’t be afraid of asking for help________it is needed.
A. unless B. since
C. although D. when
解析 when 意为“在(当)……时候”。其余三项填入空格处，句意不通。
答案 D
2. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity________he reaches the end of the story.
A. when B. unless
C. after D. until
解析 until 意为“直到”，句意为“一位优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众在故事结束前一直保持好奇心”。
答案 D
3．________I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless
C. As long as D. While
解析 as long as 意为“只要”，全句意为“只要我知道这钱是安全的，我就不会担心了”。类似地，下面一题也选 as long as：
“What are you going to do this afternoon？”“I’ll probably go for a walk later on________it stays fine.”
A. as far as B. as long as
C. even if D. as if
答案 C
4 You will succeed in the end ________you give up halfway.
A. even if B. as though
C. as long as D. unless
解析 unless 意为“如果不”、“除非”，用以引导一个条件状语从句。
答案 D
5. “Was his father very strict with him when he was at school？” “Yes. He had never praised him________he became one of the top students in his grade.”
A. after B. unless
C. until D. when
解析 考查 not...until... 句式，其意为“直到……才……”。
答案 C
6. (2011·江苏省四市第一次调研)________there is going to be a policy change，________of those things is going to change.
A. Unless; few B. Until; few
C. Unless; none D. Until; none
解析 本题考查unless引导的条件状语从句。建议从第二空用排除法，这里的谓语形式为单数，所以排除few。
答案 C
7．________I suggest, he always disagrees.
A. However B. Whatever
C. Whichever D. Whoever
解析 whatever 引导的是让步状语从句，相当于 no matter what。注意不能选A，因为 suggest 是及物动词，它应带自己的宾语，而 however 不能用作宾语。
答案 B
8. (2011·福建省同安一中高三上学期期中考试) ________I catch a cold, I have a pain in my back.
A．Every time B．Though
C．Even D．Where
解析 every time引导时间状语从句，意为“每次，每当”。
答案 A
9. You should put on the notices________all the people may see them.
A. where B. in which
C. at D. for them
解析 where 指“在……的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。
答案 A
10．________she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
A. Wherever B. However
C. Whichever D. Whoever
解析 wherever 意为“无论什么地方”。
答案 A
11. Mary clapped her hand over her mouth________she realized what she had said.
A. while B. as soon as
C. suddenly D. then
解析 根据语境可推知。如下面一题也选as soon as：
________he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help.
A. While B. As soon as
C. Suddenly D. Then
答案 B
12．________her faults, she’s Arnold’s mother. Don’t be so rude to her.
A. Whatever B. What
C. Whichever D. Whenever
解析 whatever her faults 为让步状语从句，句末省略了谓语动词 are。
答案 A
13.________you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After
C. Although D. As soon as
解析 now that 为连词，用以引导原因状语从句，其意为“既然”，与since 同义。其中的 might as well意为“不妨”。全句意为“既然你得到一个机会，你不妨充分利用它”。
答案 A
14. I thought she was the very girl that I should marry________I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time
C. the first time D. by the first time
解析 the first time 在此用作连词，用以引导状语从句。句意为“我第一次见到她就认为她很诚实”。
答案 C
15. Don’t play by the river________you fall in and drown!
A. in case B. so that
C. in order that D. when
解析 in case 意为“以防”。
答案 C
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Last week I was sitting in the lobby of a medical building when I heard an elderly woman talking on the phone about her husband. His name was Ed and he __1__ her off for her doctor’s __2__，and was going to park the car and __3__ her. She was so __4__ because he never came back to get her. As she described her __5__ to the person on the phone she started to cry and I knew I needed to take __6__.She was talking to a local __7__ they were going to have lunch at after her appointment. She __8__ to see if he was there.
After she sat down, I introduced myself and gave her my business card to __9__ myself. Her name was Helen. I acknowledged her situation and asked if I could __10__.She explained her husband Ed was supposed to park the car and wait for her. Then she said，“My husband has Alzheimer(老年痴呆症) and he shouldn’t be __11__ without me.”
I __12__ to drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there. After notifying the valet (停车管理员)of the situation at hand we exchanged cell phone numbers __13__ Ed showed up as I jumped into action searching for Ed.__14__ arriving in the parking lot of the restaurant she described I received a call from the valet. The valet had __15__ Ed sitting on a bench in front of the hospital a few buildings down waiting for Helen. What a __16__！Once reunited, we needed to find his car which he __17__ where he parked！__18__，he parked in the handicapped spot so it was easy to find!
Once all this was accomplished, I followed Ed and Helen home to be sure they arrived __19__.Waved goodbye and wished them my passion and __20__ led me to reach out to Helen and Ed. The next time you see someone in need remember to “Pass It On”！
本文是记叙文。一位患有老年痴呆症的老人送他妻子去看医生，他们约定等妻子回来一起去吃午饭。但妻子看病回来却发现丈夫不见了，妻子非常着急。看到这个情形，作者主动提出开车载着老太太去找她的丈夫。最终，找到了老先生，作者又护送他们安全回家。
1．A.sent B．picked
C．dropped D．let
解析 根据后文可知，丈夫开车送妻子来看医生，因此此处表示“把妻子送到”，drop sb.off“送某人到某处”。
答案 C
2．A.appointment B．check
C．advice D．operation
解析 根据第一段倒数第二句中的after her appointment可知，妻子跟医生有预约。
答案 A
3．A.look for B．wait for
C．make for D．call for
解析 从第二段倒数第二句的was supposed to park the car and wait for her可知，丈夫说在停好车之后等她。
答案 B
4．A.curious B．sorry
C．angry D．upset
解析 下文说丈夫有老年痴呆症，因此妻子出来一直没有等到丈夫来接她而感到非常不安。
答案 D
5．A.situation B．condition
C．lesson D．intention
解析 老太太一边讲着自己的情形，一边哭了起来。situation当“情况，形式”讲，符合语境。且后文45空前有提示。
答案 A
6．A.patience B．action
C．time D．steps
解析 作者看到老太太着急的样子，决定立即行动起来，去帮助寻找她的丈夫。
答案 B
7．A.organization B．market
C．shop D．restaurant
解析 根据后面they were going to have lunch和第三段首句可推知，妻子看完医生以后要和丈夫一起到当地的一家餐馆吃饭，因此妻子打电话给那家餐馆……
答案 D
8．A.tried B．stopped
C．called D．decided
解析 老太太给餐馆打电话看丈夫是否已经去了餐馆，从第一句和该空前的两句话可知，老太太是在给那家餐馆打电话。
答案 C
9．A.prove B．identify
C．know D．declare
解析 作者作了自我介绍，并且拿出了自己的名片，目的是证明自己的身份，因此用identify。
答案 B
10．A.help B．know
C．ask D．talk
解析 根据语境可知，作者问老太太自己是否能帮上什么忙。
答案 A
11．A.walking B．eating
C．sitting D．driving
解析 因为老太太的丈夫有老年痴呆症，因此一个人开车不安全，必须有妻子的陪伴。
答案 D
12．A.continued B．offered
C．demanded D．promised
解析 根据语境，作者想帮助老太太寻找她的丈夫，因此主动提出开车送老太太到约定的餐馆去看看她的丈夫是否在那儿。
答案 B
13．A.in case B．even if
C．as long as D．so that
解析 作者和医院停车管理员互留了电话，以免老太太的丈夫突然出现。in case引导目的状语从句意思是“以免，以防万一”。so that引导目的状语从句，意思是“以便”。
答案 A
14．A.Since B．Until
C．Once D．Unless
解析 此处表示作者和老太太刚到餐馆，就接到了医院停车管理员打来的电话。
答案 C
15．A.watched B．caught
C．kept D．found
解析 医院的停车管理员发现老太太的丈夫坐在医院前面的长凳上等自己的妻子。
答案 D
16．A.wonder B．surprise
C．relief D．scene
解析 听到老太太的丈夫找到了，作者和老太太舒了一口气，感觉很宽慰，What a relief表示“多么令人宽慰的事情”。
答案 C
17．A.forgot B．marked
C．remembered D．explained
解析 上文提示老人患有老年痴呆症，所以这里应该是大家找到老人以后，他忘记了把车停在了什么地方。
答案 A
18．A.Actually B．Fortunately
C．Naturally D．Hopefully
解析 很庆幸的是他将车停在了残疾人停车位，大家很容易就找到了老人的车，因此用“幸运的是”符合逻辑。
答案 B
19．A.happily B．quickly
C．finally D．safely
解析 根据语境，作者又护送两位老人以保证他们安全回家。
答案 D
20．A.determination B．pity
C．love D．responsibility
解析 作者最后强调是同情和爱心促使作者去主动帮助这对老夫妇。
答案 C
Ⅱ.书面表达
假设你是李华。你的外国笔友Jane来信向你询问有关中国高速列车的情况。请你用英语回一封信，从以下几个方面做具体介绍。
1．我国的高速列车最高时速可达每小时350公里；
2．更安全、舒适，空间更大，容纳乘客更多；
3．能耗低、污染轻、噪音小；
4．高速铁路占地只有高速公路的一半。
要求：1.词数：100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；
3．参考词汇：高速列车high speed train。
Dear Jane，
I’m pleased to receive your letter asking about information about China’s high speed trains.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear_Jane，
I’m_pleased_to_receive_your_letter_asking_about_information_about_China’s_high speed_trains.
First, the maximum speed of the high speed trains in China can reach 350 kilometers per hour, which greatly shortens the time spent on the journey. Second，high speed trains are safer and more comfortable.What’s more, they have larger space to hold more people. The most important point is that the high speed trains use less fuel, so they cause less pollution and make less noise at the same time. Besides, high speed railways take up less land. A survey showed that the land needed to build high speed railways is only half of that needed to build highways.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li_Hua
1. Why do you want a new job________you’ve got such a good one already
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
解析 此时when不表示“当……的时候”，而表示“既然”，相当于 since，用以引导原因状语从句。全句意为：你既然已经有了这么好的工作，干吗还要找新的工作呢？ 请再看两例：
I can’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。
Why use wood when you can use plastic 既然能用塑料，为什么还要用木料？
答案 D
2. He is better than________I last visited him.
A. when B. that
C. how D. which
解析 than 后省略了 he was，假若补充完整，全句即为 He is better than he was when I last visited him。
答案 A
3．________the punishment was unjust, he accepted it without complaint.
A. So long as B. Even though
C. Since D. While
解析 比较四个选项：so long as(只要)，even though(即使)，since(自从，既然)，while(当……时候)，其中只有B的意思最合适，全句意为“即使处罚不公平，他毫无怨言地接受”。
答案 B
4．________the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.
A. While B. As
C. Since D. Because
解析 while 在此不表示“当……的时候”，而表示“尽管”。
答案 A
5．________I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.
A. As long as B. As far as
C. Just as D. Even if
解析 as far as 意为“尽，就，至于”，常用于 as far as I know(据我所知)，as far as one can see(在某人看来)，as far as one can(某人尽力)，as far as sth./ sb.is concerned(就某事 / 某人来说)等结构。
答案 B
6.________rich one may be there is always something one wants.
A. Whatever B. Whenever
C. However D. Wherever
解析 however 在此引导让步状语从句，意义上相当于 now matter how。
答案 C
7. John shut everybody out of the kitchen________he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A. which B. when
C. so that D. as if
解析 so that 引导目的状语从句，其意为“为了”。
答案 C
8. Mr Zhang is mild in character. He never shouts________he is very angry.
A. if B. even
C. though D. even when
解析 根据句子语境，选 B 或 D 较适合，但 even 是副词，不是连词，不能引导状语从句，故选 D。
答案 D
9. “How long do you suppose it is________he left for Japan？” “No more than half a month.”
A. when B. before
C. after D. since
解析 问句的基本结构是“It is ＋时间段＋since 从句”，其原句型是 I suppose it is no more than half a month since he left for Japan. 假若对此句中的 no more than half a month 提问，则可得到提问句。
答案 D
10. In some countries，________are called “public schools” are not owned by the state.
A. that B. which
C. as D. what
解析 what 引导的是主语从句，其中的 what 相当于 the schools that。
答案 D1．(2011·湖南长沙一中第一次月考)—Hey! Lucy! Have you heard about the optional courses this year
—________What about that
A．Not really B．Not exactly
C．Not simply D．Not nearly
解析 A考查情景对话。语境：——Lucy你听说过今年选修课程吗？——我真的不知道。那有什么课程？
答案 A
2．(2011·江西师大开学试题)——Mum，can I go out to play with Tom for just a while
——________and do what you like.
A. No way B. Go ahead
C. It depends D. Don’t worry
解析 考查情景对话。语境：——妈妈，我能和汤姆出去玩一会儿吗？——去吧。你喜欢什么就做什么吧！
答案 B
3. “Could you do me a favour and take the box up to the sixth floor？” “________.”
A. With pleasure B. My pleasure
C. No wonder D. No comment
解析 with pleasure 的意思是“高兴地”、“乐意地”。注意不宜选B，my pleasure 主要用于回答感谢，意为“这是我乐意做的事”、“不用客气”，也可说成 It’s my pleasure 或 It’s a pleasure等。
答案 A
4. “It’s $500, but that is my last offer.” “OK, it is a________.”
A. cost B. price
C. reward D. deal
解析 It’s a deal 的意思是“就这么办”、“一言为定”。
答案 D
5. “I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident.” “________let’s go and see him.”
A. What’s more B. If so
C. Where possible D. When necessary
解析 if so 为 if it is so 之略，意为“如果那样的话”。
答案 B
6. “Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation？” “It________.”
A. all depend B. all depends
C. is all depended D. is all depending
解析 It all depends 的意思是“那要看情况”，也可说成 That depends。
答案 B
7. “Do you want to go to the movie, Jane？” “________. I feel like doing something different.”
A. Don’t mention it B. I don’t want it
C. I don’t think so D. Not really
解析 not really 表示否定，但语气较轻，意为“不很……”。
答案 D
8. “Would you like me to show you the way？” “________.”
A. That’s very kind of you. B. Yes, you could.
C. Good idea! D. With great pleasure!
解析 That’s very kind of you 意为“你太好了”、“你真是太客气”，常用于感谢对方的友好提议。又如下面一题也选A：
“Can I get you a cup of coffee？”“________.”
A. That’s very nice of you B. With pleasure
C. You can, please D. Thank you for the tea
答案 A
9. “I prefer a computer made in your company, but I may need some more information about the product.” “________.”
A. Thank you B. It’s a pleasure
C. You are welcome D. At your service
解析 at your service 的意思是“随时为您服务”、“随时为您效劳”。
答案 D
10. “Have a drink？” “No thanks，________.”
A. I do mind B. I don’t like it
C. Never mind D. I’d rather not
解析 I’d rather not 通常用于委婉地拒绝对方的邀请或提议。
答案 D
11. “We’ve missed the train！” “________， there’ll be another in ten minutes.”
A. All right B. Not at all
C. Never mind D. Don’t mention it
解析 never mind 表示安慰，意为“不要紧”、“没关系”。
答案 C
12. “Would you mind telling her the news？” “________， but I don’t know if I________her these days.”
A. Of course, shall see
B. Of course not, see
C. Of course, see
D. Of course not, shall see
解析 第一空填 of course not，表示“不介意”；第二空要填 shall see，因为 if 引导的是宾语从句，而不是条件状语从句，所以不能用一般现在时表示将来。
答案 D
13. “May I borrow your paper？” “________.”
A. By all means B. Never mind
C. You are welcome D. Don’t mention it
解析 by all means 表示同意，意为“完全可以”。
答案 A
14．—You should get a new job, stop smoking, and have a healthier lifestyle.
—________.
A．Mind your own business B．Never mind
C.That’s all right D．Easier said than done
解析 考查情景对话。语境：——你应该找个新工作，戒烟，拥有更健康的生活方式。——说起来容易做起来难。
答案 D
15．——You must find one exam after another very tiring.
——________. In fact, they offered me good chances to apply what I had learned.
A. It’s up to you B. Not in the least
C. It just depends D. Don’t mention it
解析 考查情景对话。此处not in the least意为：一点也不。
答案 B
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The Best Advice I Ever Got
Several pieces of advice I’ve gotten have really made a difference to my life.
“Be __1__ to people.”This sounds quite common, but I’ll never __2__ my father telling me that.I was ten, and I had been mean to someone. He said，“There is no __3__ in being mean to anyone at any time. You never know who you’re going to meet later in life.__4__，you don’t change anything by being mean.__5__ you don’t get anywhere.”
“__6__ you can do anything you want. Don’t let anyone say，‘You’re not __7__ enough...it’s too hard...it’s a bad __8__...no one has done that before...girls don’t do that.’”My mom told me that in 1973. And it __9__ me to never worry about what others said about my __10__ direction.
“Always do the __11__ job you can do at whatever you’re assigned (分配), even if you think it’s __12__.”Jerry Parkinson, the assistant advertising manager of P&G, said to me in 1979. I had just __13__ from Harvard Business School( HBS), and I was assigned to determine __14__ the hole in the shampoo(洗发剂) bottle should be: 3/8 of an inch, or 1/8 of an inch. I would come home at night，__15__ how I had gone from HBS to this. But later I know any job you’re given is a(n)__16__ to prove yourself.
“Don’t be a credit hog(贪婪的人). If you’re __17__ in the neighborhood of good things, good things will __18__ to you.”Tom Tierney, who was my boss at Bain in 1981 and is now on the eBay board, told me this. It’s __19__－get ahead by crediting other people.
Finally, in 1998，I was in New York __20__ the big celebration as eBay went public(上市). My husband is a neurosurgeon(神经外科医生). I called into his operating room and told him the great news. And he said, “That’s nice. But Meg, remember that it’s not brain surgery.”
在我的生活中，曾经有几个人给我提出善意的忠告，这些忠告对我的人生产生了十分重大的影响。
1．A.honest B．nice
C．patient D．loyal
解析 下文“I had been mean to someone”暗示父亲建议我要与人为善(nice)，不要对人太刻薄。
答案 B
2．A.forget B．imagine
C．hear D．miss
解析 父亲的忠告我至今记忆犹新，换言之，我从未忘记(forget)父亲的话。
答案 A
3．A.use B．value
C．need D．point
解析 父亲说，在任何时候，对别人刻薄都没有意义。固定句式“There is no point in doing sth.”表示“做某事没有意义”。
答案 D
4．A.In addition B．In case
C．In return D．In general
解析 下句为上文内容的补充，因此填In addition，意为“而且”，表示递进关系。
答案 A
5．A.Naturally B．Usually
C．Nearly D．Unfortunately
解析 通常(Usually)对别人刻薄只会使自己一无所获。
答案 B
6．A.Guess B．Expect
C．Remember D．Prove
解析 结合下文可知，此处是母亲在1973年对我叮嘱的那些话，因此填Remember。
答案 C
7．A.pretty B．smart
C．strong D．quick
解析 不要听有人对你说，“你不够聪明不能做……”，从it’s too hard可知，用smart。
答案 B
8．A.effort B．result
C．support D．idea
解析 结合母亲说话的主题和所给的选项可知此处是说：这个主意(idea)不好，从下面no one has done that before也可知答案。
答案 D
9．A.allowed B．challenged
C．pressed D．pushed
解析 母亲的忠告使我从不因为别人对我人生方面的看法而烦恼。allow sb.to do sth.意为“使某人做某事，允许某人做某事”。
答案 A
10．A.marriage B．life
C．entertainment D．major
解析 见上题解析。
答案 B
11．A.first B．best
C．hardest D．easiest
解析 宝洁公司的广告部经理助理Jerry Parkinson曾告诫我：“不论分配给你的任务是什么，你都应尽全力做到最好(best)，即使你认为这项工作很无聊(boring)”。
答案 B
12．A.exciting B．impossible
C．boring D．interesting
解析 见上一题解析。
答案 C
13．A.returned B．left
C．applied D．graduated
解析 当时，我刚刚从哈佛商学院毕业(graduated)。
答案 D
14．A.how much B．how often
C．how big D．how deep
解析 公司分派给我的任务是研究洗发水瓶的瓶口该弄多大(how big)才最合适。下文中的“3/8 of an inch，or 1/8 of an inch”暗示要我来决定洗发水瓶口的尺寸。
答案 C
15．A.wondering B．confusing
C．seeking D．consulting
解析 晚上回到家，我就会琢磨(wondering)：我堂堂一位哈佛商学院的毕业生，怎么在做这样的事情？confuse“使糊涂”；seek“寻求”；consult“咨询”，均不符合语境。
答案 A
16．A.process B．opportunity
C．means D．occasion
解析 后来我意识到：其实，你接受的任何一项工作都是一个证明自己的机会(opportunity)。process“过程，进程”；means“方法”； occasion“时机”。
答案 B
17．A.instantly B．likely
C．constantly D．luckily
解析 我的老板Tom Tierney对我说：“如果你经常与好事为邻，那么好事自然会发生在你身上。”副词constantly表示“经常地，持续不断地”。
答案 C
18．A.approach B．happen
C．refer D．turn
解析 happen“发生”。好事自然会发生在你身上。
答案 B
19．A.true B．exact
C．meaningful D．reasonable
解析 这是真的(true)：相信他人，你也会获得成功。
答案 A
20．A.holding B．seeing
C．joining D．attending
解析 那是1998年，当时我在纽约参加(attending)易趣上市的庆典。
答案 D
Ⅱ.书面表达
下面的表格是有关人们在节假日期间活动内容情况的调查表。请你以“Health means wealth”为题写一篇100词左右的英语短文，反映表格中的信息并号召人们坚持健康积极的生活方式：每天锻炼一小时，健康工作五十年，幸福生活一辈子。
活动内容 参加人群 原因
体育锻炼 老年人和青少年 拥有健康的身体才能拥有一切
棋牌或者网络游戏 部分青年人和中年人 我很健康，不需要锻炼
工作 部分青年人和中年人 挣钱才能拥有一切
注意：1.开头已给出，但不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Health means wealth
The table above shows that the old and the teens take an active part in doing exercise during their holidays.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Health means wealth
The_table_above_shows_that_the_old_and_the_teens_take_an_active_part_in_doing_exercise_during_their_holidays. They hold the belief that health means wealth. Some of the young and the middle aged spend their holidays playing cards or online games，believing that they are healthy and there is no need to do sports. Some of them even continue to work during holidays, hoping to make more money, which means everything to them.
As far as I’m concerned，I don’t think what most young and the middle aged do in their holidays is right.Games and money can not bring us real happiness and wealth. We should all remember: Exercise one hour a day，healthy in fifty years, a happy life for life.
1. He pushed his way through the crowd, saying“ _____.”
A. Never mind B. With pleasure
C. Go ahead D. Excuse me
解析 excuse me 用作从别人面前经过时的礼貌用语，又如：Excuse me, could I get past 对不起，让我过去好吗？
答案 D
2. “Here’s what you asked for.” “______.”
A. Many thanks B. Thank a lot
C. Thanks you D. Thank you a lot
解析 若选B，则应改为Thanks a lot；若选C，则应改为 Thank you 或 Thanks；若选D，则应改为 Thank you very much 之类的。换句话说，thank 用作动词时，它是及物的，其后应有宾语；用作名词时，它通常要用复数形式。另外注意，英语中虽然可说 Thanks a lot，但习惯上不说 Thank you a lot。
答案 A
3. “Can you spare me a few minutes now？” “________， but I’ll be free this afternoon.”
A. No, I won’t B. Yes, with pleasure
C. I’m not sure D. I’m afraid not
解析 甲要乙现在抽出几分钟，而乙说要等下午才有空——也就是说，乙现在抽不出时间，所以选D最适合。
答案 D
4. “Would you like to turn that music down I’m writing a letter.” “________.”
A. No, I’d like to B. No, please
C. Yes, sorry. D. Yes, I’d like it.
解析 从上下文语境来看，一方因音乐声放得太大已对另一方(正在写信)造成影响，所以选C较恰当。
答案 C
5. “You must find such long hours very tiring.” “________. I enjoyed it.”
A. After all B. Never mind
C. Not in the least D. That’s all right
解析 Not in the least 意为“一点也不”。注意联系下文的 I enjoyed it。
答案 C
6. “Would you take this along to the office for me？”“_____.”
A. That’s right B. With pleasure
C. Never mind D. Not at all
解析 with pleasure 主要用于回答请求或邀请。
答案 B
7. “Do you need any help with those heavy bags？” “No, thanks; _____.”
A. Never mind B. All right
C. I can manage D. You are welcome
解析 由句意推知。
答案 C
8. “Mr Smith is a kind person. I like to work with him.” “In fact, everyone________.”
A. is B. does
C. has D. likes
解析 does 相当于 likes to work with him。注意不能选D，因为 like 是及物动词。
答案 B
9. “At lunch time I’d like to have a chat with you.” “Pardon, have________with me？”
A. when B. who
C. which D. what
解析 答话人由于没有听清问话人的 chat 一词，故针对问话人的 have a chat with you，反问 have what with me
答案 D
10. “I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.” “________. It was her fault.”
A. No way B. Not possible
C. No chance D. Not at all
解析 no way 的意思是“没门”。根据上下文的语境(尤其是It was her fault)可推知。
答案 A1．(2011·重庆师大附中第一次月考)To save the drowning child, the boy plunged into the icy water without hesitation，________his own safety.
A. despite of B. regardless of
C. unaware of D. because of
解析 考查由介词of构成的短语。despite of“尽管，虽然”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；unaware of“没意识到”；because of“因为，由于”。根据句子意思可知选B。
答案 B
2. They promise that the work would all be finished________next week.
A. until B. in
C. by D. to
解析 by 意为“最迟到……之前，到……的时候已经”。类例地，下面一题也选by：
The train leaves at 6：00 p．m. So I have to be at the station________5：40 p．m. at the latest.
A. until B. after
C. around D. by
答案 C
3．________reading the letter, what has he done
A. Because of B. Except
C. Besides D. But for
解析 besides 意为“除……之外，还”。又如：
He has another car besides this. 除了这辆车外，他还有一辆。
Besides being a teacher, he was a poet. 除了是位教师外，他还是位诗人。
Did he do anything besides hitting you 除了打你之外，他还有没有别的什么举动？
答案 C
4．“ How did the robber get in？”“ ________an open window on the first floor.”
A. Past B. From
C. Over D. Through
解析 through 意为“穿过，贯穿，经过，透过”。又如：
The train ran through the tunnel. 火车穿过隧道。
I saw you through the window. 我是透过窗子看到你的。
答案 D
5. She knew nothing about his journey________he was likely to be away for three months.
A. except B. except for
C. except that D. in addition
解析 在四个选项中，只有except that 后可接句子。
答案 C
6. He usually goes to work by bike________it rains.
A .except B. except when
C. except for D. except that
解析 except when 和 except that 后均可接句子，但前者含“当……的时候”的意思，而后者则没有这个意思。
答案 B
7. I found the island a wonderful place for our experiments________the hot weather.
A. besides B. except for
C. except D. except that
解析 except 与 except for的区别是：前者主要用来谈论同类的东西；后者主要用来谈论不同类的东西，在说明情况后作细节上的修正，有时含有惋惜之意。
答案 B
8. As it was almost time for the flight, all the passengers got________the plane.
A. around B. abroad
C. aboard D. ahead
解析 aboard 用作介词时意思“在(船、飞机、车)上”、“上(船、飞机、车)”。
答案 C
9．(2010·四川省绵阳中学高三高考模拟)Please turn down the music，________our neighbors next door will be disturbed.
A．and B．or
C．but D．so
解析 考查连词的用法。此处or意为：否则。句意：请把音乐关小点儿，否则我们的邻居会受到打扰。
答案 B
10. Will you deliver，________do I have to come to the shop to collect the goods
A. and B. or
C. so D. then
解析 or 表选择。
答案 B
11. It shocked me to see________my neighbors treated their children.
A. why B. whether
C. how D. since
解析 how 修饰谓语动词 treated。
答案 C
12．________the government agrees to give extra money , the theatre will have to close.
A. Until B. Unless
C. Since D. While
解析 从句意推知。
答案 B
13. We were just about ready to leave________it started to snow.
A. when B. before
C. after D. since
解析 when 在此用作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”。
答案 A
14．—I don’t like chicken________fish.
—I don’t like chicken, ________I like fish very much.
A. and, and B. and, but
C. or, but D. or, and
解析 第一空填 or，在否定词后用or，表示否定两者；第二空填but，表示转折。
答案 C
15．—Would you like to come to dinner tonight
—I’d like to，________I’m too busy.
A. and B. so
C. as D. but
解析 but表转折，符合语意。而表并列的and, 结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。
答案 D
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
阅读理解
A
I’d always dreamed of exploring Africa，ever since I read my first Tarzan(《人猿泰山》) comic as a child. Finally, in 2004, to celebrate my 60th birthday，I went to Tanzania to experience a safari(东非游猎)and climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.Seated next to me on the flight was Tanzania’s minister of water and wildlife development. We talked for thousands of miles，and he arranged me to visit a school. When I toured the school, I was shocked. The leaky(漏的) roofs turned the dirt floors into mud during the rainy season，and the walls couldn’t keep out the heat，cold or bugs(小昆虫)．The school was in need of all material goods，but the kids possessed great human spirit.
It broke my heart that these children had to struggle to survive, so I asked the headmaster what it would cost to feed them.As little as 20 cents per child per day, he told me. Immediately I got home, I founded Kids of Kilimanjaro. Since then we’ve grown to provide hot lunches for nearly 13,000 schoolchildren every day. The free lunch program has eased a major problem the youngsters face.
I know a good education could really make a difference in these children’s lives.My parents always stressed the importance of education. I paid my own way through college in Tokyo by teaching English to students and businesspeople.After attending university I moved to San Francisco, when I was 25 years old. In 1978 I realized my American dream when I founded my own company. My success all started with a good education.
It’s amazing that something as simple as a nutritious lunch can change and enrich so many lives.Giving young people a better, healthier life can inspire them to go all the way through college and lead a movement that transforms their country.
本文是一篇记叙文。从小就梦想到非洲旅行的作者，在2004年实现了梦想。在了解到当地一所学校学生的疾苦后，他回到美国创建了Kids of Kilimanjaro，以帮助解决那里的学生中午吃饭的问题。
1．Why did the author go to Tanzania to celebrate his 60th birthday
A．He was curious about what Africa was like.
B．He was concerned about the Africans’ miserable life.
C．He wanted to get an idea of the area’s wildlife.
D．He hoped to lead a movement that would transform his country.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的I’d always dreamed of exploring Africa及to celebrate my 60th birthday，I went to Tanzania to experience a safari可知，作者为了庆祝六十岁的生日去非洲是为了看一看非洲到底是什么样子。
答案 A
2．After his tour to the school, the author found that the kids there were ________.
A．in need of help
B．not interested in studies
C．not used to the rainy season
D．in low spirits
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的The leaky roofs turned the dirt floors into mud during the rainy season，and the walls couldn’t keep out the heat，cold or bugs可知，学校的条件很简陋，孩子们需要帮助。故答案选A。
答案 A
3．What is the main purpose of Kids of Kilimanjaro
A．To make sure the African kids are mentally healthy.
B．To spread knowledge among the African kids.
C．To build new schools for the African kids.
D．To protect the African kids from hunger.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，作者回到美国成立该组织的主要目的就是筹措资金帮助坦桑尼亚的孩子，使他们有热腾腾的午饭吃。故答案选D。
答案 D
4．What is the correct sequence of the following events
a．“I” founded “my” first company.
b．“I” founded Kids of Killimanjaro.
c．“I” read “my” first Tarzan comic.
d．“I” moved to San Francisco.
A．a，c，d，b B．a，d，c，b
C．c，a，d，b D．c，d，a，b
解析 事件顺序题。由文章第一段第一句话可知“作者是在儿童时期第一次阅读《人猿泰山》”；由第三段可知“作者25岁的时候搬到圣弗朗西斯科”，由第一段可知“作者2004年的时候是60岁”，由此可推断“作者搬到圣弗朗西斯科的时候是1969年”；由第三段可知“作者是1978的成立自己的公司”；由第二段可知“作者是2004年创建了Kids of Kilimanjaro”。故本题答案为D。
答案 D
B
The Ford Foundation is a charitable organization that calls itself “a partner for social change.”It has a study program available to college graduates in 22 countries and territories in Asia，Africa and Latin America.The Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program offers graduates a chance to continue their studies.The aim is to help them learn ways to solve problems in their own countries.
Joan Dassin，the executive director of the program, said，“Let’s say you have an undergraduate law degree but you really want to be able to bring international human rights standards to your part of the world. In that case we would send you to a program in Geneva on international human rights. So we work very closely with students not so much about what they want to study, but more about ________.”
About two thirds of the fellows study in the United States, Canada or Europe. The others study in their home country or region. Fellows are chosen by independent local committees. They get advice about which schools and programs could help them reach their goals. The foundation says 95% are accepted into a university graduate program within one year of getting a fellowship. Almost 4,000 fellows have been chosen since the first were named in June of 2001. As of last December almost half had completed their fellowships.
The Ford Foundation says the goals include strengthening democratic(民主的) values, reducing poverty and increasing international cooperation.Another goal is to make sure fellows return home to use their educations. The program pays all costs，including support services like training in computer skills, academic writing and a foreign language.Partner organizations in the home countries stay in contact with the fellows throughout the program.
Joan Dassin says the fellowships are aimed especially at those with the fewest resources available.He also said，“People from all walks of life，and particularly from rural areas or marginalized(落后的)communities, can have access to higher education at the most advanced levels, and our program provides that opportunity.”
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了福特基金会国际奖学金项目。
5．The Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program is aimed at ________.
A．helping graduates handle problems in their own countries
B．calling on Asian students to learn in the US
C．making best use of educational resources
D．spreading knowledge on human rights protection
解析 细节理解题。从第一、二段可知，福特基金会国际奖学金项目的主要宗旨是帮助来自亚、非、拉22个国家和地区的大学毕业生继续留在大学深造，从而帮助解决其所在国家或地区存在的问题。
答案 A
6．Which of the following can best be filled in the blank
A．where they want to study
B．what they are more interested in
C．what problem they are trying to solve
D．where they are from
解析 推理判断题。由第二段Joan Dassin列举的事例可推断出此处上的答案为C。
答案 C
7．The graduates chosen by the Ford Foundation International Fellow ships Program are mostly from ________.
A．countries facing conflicts
B．undeveloped countries and regions
C．North America
D．European countries
解析 细节理解题。从第一段可知，与福特基金会国际奖学金项目建立合作关系的是亚洲、非洲及拉丁美洲的22个国家和地区，基本上属于发展中或不发达国家或地区。由最后一段首句中的the fellowships are aimed especially at those with the fewest resources available 也可推断出应选B项。
答案 B
8．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．call on readers to donate to the Ford Foundation
B．tell readers how to increase international cooperation
C．inform readers of what the program is trying to achieve
D．ask readers to help poor countries in the world
解析 写作目的题。本题文章的目的是让读者了解更多有关福特基金会国际奖学金项目的运作情况。
答案 C
1. So far, several ships have been reported missing________the coast of Bermuda Island.
A. off B. along
C. on D. around
解析 off 用作介词时可表示距离，此时尤其用于指距离某一大路或靠近某海面。又如：
Our house is about 20 meters off the main road. 我们家离大路大约有20米远。
The ship anchored a mile off the coast. 轮船抛锚停泊在离海岸1英里的地方。
答案 A
2. “How long have you stayed in this hotel？” “Not long, just________this Monday.”
A. on B. since
C. until D. after
解析 此答句为省略句，补充完整为：I’ve stayed in this hotel since this Monday.
答案 B
3. The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped________floors. People in it had no way to get out.
A. in B. between
C. among D. on
解析 between floors 指在两层楼之间。
答案 B
4. “What a terrible rain we are having！” “Yes. We are asked to pay more attention to the information about the rain________flood.”
A. as well as B. so long as
C. because of D. in case of
解析 复合介词in case of有两个意思，一是表示条件，意为“如果”；二是表示目的，意为“以防”。如：
In case of fire, call 119. 万一失火，就打119电话。
Take an umbrella with you in case of rain. 带把雨伞，以防下雨。
答案 D
5．________their inexperience, they’ve done a good job.
A. Given B. Supposed
C. Considered D. Concluded
解析 given 在此用作介词，意为“考虑到”。又如：Given the low price, I decided to buy it. 考虑到价格很低，我决定把它买下。
答案 A
6. “Shall we stop for lunch________shall we drive on？” “Let’s stop for lunch, but the driver can’t drink________drive.”
A. and, and B. or, or
C. and, or D. or, and
解析 第一空填 or，表选择；第二空填 and，can’t drink and drive 指不能同时既喝酒又开车，即不能酒后开车。
答案 D
7. “________when does the pub stay open？”“About midnight.”
A. Since B. Before
C. Until D. After
解析 句意为“这家酒店开门到什么时间？(或这家酒店什么时候关门？)”
答案 C
8. “Would you like tea________coffee？” “________， thanks.”
A. or, No B. and, Either
C. or, Neither D. and, Each
解析 选项A用No来回答选择疑问句，不妥；选项B用 and 连接 tea 与 coffee，说明问句并非提供选择，而答语却用了 either 这样表选择性的词语，也不妥；选项D与语境不符。
答案 C
9. He imagines that people don’t like him, ________they do.
A. and B. then
C. so D. but
解析 前后意思转折，故选 but。注：but they do＝but they like him。
答案 D
10. I firmly believe________he said at the meeting was right.
A. that B. which
C. that what D. what that
解析 that 为引导宾语从句的连词，在 that what he said at the meeting was right 这一宾语从句中，又包含有what he said at the meeting 这一主语从句，而在该主语从句中，what用作动词 said 的宾语。
答案 C1. (2011·山东师大附中第七次质量检测)Pointing to the house on________roof grew lots of bush，the old man told me that was________I would stay.
A．its；what B．whose；what
C．whose；where D．its；where
解析 考查名词性从句的引导词。第一空引导宾语从句，作roof的定语，所以用whose，第二空为where引导的表语从句。
答案 C
2．The news________ is spreading around this area is________ a heavy storm is coming.
A. what；/ B. that；that
C. /；that D. that；which
解析 同位语从句及表语从句中的连接词that虽然没有任何意思，也不充当任何成分，但一般不能省略，所以第二空填that，用来引导同位语从句。第一空处为定语从句，引导词that在从句中作主语，不能省。因此本题答案选B。
答案 B
3. After more than ten years’ study, they realized________they thought was the whole family’s dream________ he had been working for.
A. where; which B. that; that
C. which; where D. what; that
解析 考查宾语从句及定语从句。第一空考查what引导的宾语从句，what在其中作主语；第二空考查定语从句，the whole family’s作先行词，that作for的宾语。
答案 D
4．(2011·桂林十八校第一次月考) A normal young child gains great pleasure when________ he(she) does pleases his(her) mother.
A. that B. if
C. as D. what
解析 考查what引导的从句，在when引导的时间状语从句中作主语，且在从句中作宾语。
答案 D
5．(2011·四川成都外国语学校9月考)________made many contestants angry is________was called the fair play turned out to be unfair at all.
A. What; that what B. What; what
C. It; that D. It; what that
解析 第一空为what引导的主语从句，第二空为that引导的表语从句，其后为what引导的主语从句。
答案 A
6. He told me the news, believe it or not，________he had earned $1 000 in a single day.
A. that B. which
C. as D. because
解析 that引导同位语从句，说明the news的具体内容。
答案 A
7. They lost their way in the forest, and________made matters worse was that night began to fall.
A. it B. which
C. that D. what
解析 what made matters worse 是主语从句(注意其后有谓语动词was)，相当于 the thing that made matters worse。
答案 D
8. Patience is a kind of quality and that is________it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. which
C. which D. how
解析 what 引导的是表语从句，相当于 the thing that it takes to do anything well。
答案 A
9. It has come to my notice________some of you have missed classes.
A. what B. which
C. that D. when
解析 that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。
答案 C
10. “What were you trying to prove to the police？” “ ________I was last night.”
A. That B. When
C. Where D. What
解析 答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night，在此 where 引导的是一个宾语从句。类似地，下面选 C：
“________made her struggle to become an artist so hard？” “________she was a woman.”
A. What, What B. That, That
C. What, That D. That, What
答案 C
11. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is________he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.
A. that B. why
C. where D. what
解析 what 引导的是表语从句，what 在此相当于 the things that。
答案 D
12. It is pretty well understood ________controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when
C. what D. how
解析 句首的 it 是形式主语，空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，故排除A、B、D。(注意：不能选 A，因为 that 引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分)
答案 C
13．________she couldn’t understand was________fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What; why B. That; what
C. What; because D. Why; that
解析 第一空填 what，是因为该主语从句中的动词 understand 缺宾语；why 和 because 均可引导表语从句，其区别是： why 引导表语从句强调结果，because 引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格后表明的是结果，故用 why。
答案 A
14．________ we are doing has never been done before.
A. That B. What
C. Which D. Whether
解析 what 在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于 the thing that。
答案 B
15. People have heard________the President has said; they are waiting to see________he will do.
A. how, how B. what, what
C. when, how D. that, what
解析 两空均填 what，均用于引导宾语从句，因为两个宾语从句中的动词 said 和do 均缺宾语，而在各个选项中只有 what 可用作宾语。
答案 B
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
阅读理解
A
SALT LAKE CITY，March 1,2010－Like silkworm moths(吞蛾)，butterflies and spiders，caddisfly larvae(虫蛾幼虫)spin silk，but they do so underwater instead of on dry land.Now，University of Utah researchers have discovered why the fly’s silk is sticky(黏性的)when wet and how that may make it valuable as an adhesive tape(黏胶带)during an operation.
“Silk from caddisfly larvae may be useful some day as a medical adhesive for sticking wet tissues，”says Russell Stewart，an associate professor of bioengineering and principal author of a new study of the fly silk’s chemical and structural properties.
“I picture it as sort of a wet Band Aid，maybe used inside in operations－like using a piece of tape to close a cut，”he adds.“Gluing things together underwater is not easy.Have you ever tried to put a Band Aid on in the shower？This insect has been doing this for 150 million to 200 million years.”
There are thousands of caddisfly species worldwide.Some species spend their larval stages developing underwater，and build an inch long，tube shaped case or shelter around themselves using sticky silk and grains of rock or sand.Other species use silk，small sticks and pieces of leaves.Each larva has a head and four legs that stick out from the tube.The larval case gets wider as the larva grows.A caddisfly larva eventually pupates(化蛹)as it develops into an adult fly and then hatches.
Caddisflies now live around the world in waters ranging from fast streams to quiet low lying wet land.The caddisflies’ adaptation to diverse habitats is largely due to the inventive use by their larva of underwater silk to build complex structures for protection and food gathering.
Caddisflies fall into two groups.Some build their case and then drag it along with them underwater as they search for food.Some build a shelter glued to a rock，with a silk net to catch passing food.
本文是一篇新闻报道。石蛾的幼虫能够吐丝，这种丝的特别之处在于它能够在水下照样具有黏性。如果进行具体的研究，它们将被用于医疗方面。
1．According to Russell Stewart，caddisfly larvae ________.
A．can spin silk underwater or on dry land
B．are worth researching
C．are quite different from butterflies and spiders
D．have been widely used in the medical field
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的Silk from caddisfly larvae may be useful some day as a medical adhesive for sticking wet tissues可以推断，石蛾的幼虫值得研究。
答案 B
2．The author mentions “Band Aid”in the passage to show ________.
A．Band Aids are very useful
B．Band Aids can’t be used in operations
C．it’s not easy for caddisfly larvae to live underwater
D．silk from caddisfly larvae has an advantage over Band Aids
解析 细节理解题。文章第三段说到Band Aid在水中就失去作用，不能黏贴到身体上，然后由Band Aid引入石蛾吐的丝的特别之处——在水下仍然具有黏性。
答案 D
3．The underlined word“it”in the last paragraph probably refers to ________.
A．the silk B．the shelter
C．the food D．the rock
解析 代词指代题。it在这里指的是case，再由第四段中的build an inch long，tube shaped case or shelter around themselves可知，case和shelter指的是同一物。
答案 B
4．The passage is most probably a ________.
A．science fiction novel
B．science news report
C．biography of researchers
D．social affairs report
解析 文章体裁题。由第一段SALTLAKE CITY，March 1,2010可推断本文是一篇新闻体裁的文章。故答案为B。
答案 B
B
It spins.It grows.It’s a huge，floating “garbage patch”，sometimes referred to as the “eighth continent”．
Located in the Pacific Ocean between California and Hawaii and measuring roughly twice the size of Texas，this strange mass is home to hundreds of species of sea life and is constantly expanding.Without an official title，it is known as “The Great Pacific Garbage Patch”．The island consists almost entirely of man made trash.It currently weighs approximately 3.5 million tons,80 per cent of which is plastic.
The air movement is further trapping the garbage.“With the winds blowing in，it’s the perfect environment for trapping，”according to an article in the San Francisco Chronicle.
The garbage is doing what could be irreparable(不可弥补的)harm to sea life，the water it’s in，and eventually humans.
Though plastic can break down into smaller and smaller pieces over time，its original molecular composition(分子成分)won’t change.The result is a great amount of fine plastic sand that looks like food.Unfortunately，that cannot be digested，so sea birds or fish can eventually starve to death with a stomach full of plastic，for the plastic sand in a creature’s body contains poisonous chemicals.
According to Chris Parry of the California Coastal Commission，regrettably little can be done about the patch.“Cleaning it up isn’t an option...it’s just going to get bigger as our reliance(依赖)on plastics continues，”said Parry.“The long term solution is to decrease plastic production at home and change our consumption habits.”
Cleaning up the patch will likely cost billions of dollars and，as a matter of fact，be more difficult than vacuuming(用真空吸尘器清扫)every inch of the United States.So far，no country has come up with a solution，possibly because no nation wishes to claim responsibility.
两个德克萨斯州那么大的一堆垃圾在太平洋上漂，会是怎样的景象呢？
5．According to Para.5，sea birds on the garbage patch may die because ________.
A．the plastic in their body is poisonous
B．they are hunted by humans
C．they drink water polluted by plastic
D．they can’t find food
解析 推理判断题。由塑料垃圾分解而成的小颗粒与沙子混在一起，有时候小鸟会误把其当作食物吃了，这些塑料里面含有至死的毒性化学物。
答案 A
6．To solve the problem，Chris Parry suggests that we ________.
A．break down plastic
B．use something else in place of plastic
C．clean up the patch
D．call for all the nations to claim responsibility
解析 细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句The long term solution is to decrease plastic production at home and change our consumption habits可知B项正确。
答案 B
7．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the garbage patch causes no harm to humans currently
B．no effective measures have been taken to get rid of the garbage patch
C．the garbage patch stays the same size in the past several years
D．dealing with the garbage patch is virtually easy
解析 推理判断题。由文章最后一句So far，no country has come up with a solution，possibly because no nation wishes to claim responsibility可知答案。
答案 B
8．What’s the author’s tone in writing this passage
A．Humorous. B．Irritated.
C．Doubtful. D．Concerned.
解析 观点态度题。从文章第四、五段作者描述这些垃圾带来的危害，以及第六、七段作者描述这些垃圾不易被处理可知作者写本文的语气是担忧的。故答案为D。
答案 D
1. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly________he wants.
A. what B. which
C. when D. that
解析 what 引导宾语从句。由于动词 wants 缺宾语，所以填 what。句意是：当你找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。
答案 A
2. These wild flowers are so special I would do ________I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that
C. which D. whichever
解析 I can to save them 为 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do 缺宾语，故选 whatever。
答案 A
3．________she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
A. What B. That
C. When D. Because
解析 that 在此引导主语从句，无词义，也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文意思选 D，因为 because 不用于引导主语从句。
答案 B
4. Eat________cake you like and leave the others for________comes in late.
A. any, who B. every, whoever
C. whichever, whoever D. either, whoever
解析 两个空格处均为引导宾语从句的引导词，而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有 C。
答案 C
5. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.________I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason B. That’s why
C. There’s why D. That’s because
解析 比较 That’s why...与 That’s because...：前者用于强调结果，后者用于强调原因。如下面一题选 D：
I got wet all through.________I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.
A. It’s the reason B. That’s why
C. There’s why D. That’s because
答案 B
6．________has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one
C. Anyone D. Whoever
解析 由 is worth praising 这一谓语可知前面是主语从句，排除不能引导从句的 B 项和 C 项；whoever 引导主语从句表示“任何……的人”，在此它相当于 anyone who。
答案 D
7．________ medicine works in a human body is a question ________not everyone can understand fully.
A. How; that B. That; which
C. That; which D. What; that
解析 how 引导主语从句，that 引导同位语从句。
答案 A
8．(2011·河南实验中学第一次月考)It was a matter of________would take the position.
A. who B. whoever
C. whom D. whomever
解析 考查who引导的宾语从句。
答案 A
9．The pictures in this book help make ________ clear________ I wasn’t sure of before.
A. it；for me to understand what
B. it；everything
C. everything；to understand what
D. /；what
解析 it为形式宾语，what从句为真正的宾语，what又在宾语从句中作of的宾语。
答案 A
10．It was curious that he seemed not merely to have lost the power of expressing himself，but even to have forgotten________ he had originally intended to say.
A. what was it B. why it was that
C. how that was D. what it was that
解析 forgotten后面是一个宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，同时又是强调结构用在宾语从句中，故选D。
答案 D1. (2011·北京石景山高三统一测试)A teacher’s________to education is worth great respect of the whole society because it brings benefits to the development of society.
A．devotion B．principle
C．identity D．guidance
解析 考查名词词义辨析。此处devotion意为：奉献。老师对教育的奉献值得整个社会的的尊重因为它给社会带来发展。
答案 A
2．(2011·江苏月考)—Where is the plane？I can’t see it.
—It went off its________to keep away from the sudden storm.
A．road B．course
C．flight D．direction
解析 句意：——飞机在哪儿？我看不到了。——为了避开突如其来的暴雨，它改变了航线。course(船只或飞行器的)航向，航线。
答案 B
3．(2011·浙江月考)As a result of heavy snow，the highway has been closed up until further________.
A．news B．knowledge
C．notice D．message
解析 句意：由于大雪，高速公路已被关闭，何时开放另行通知。until further notice直到另行通知。news消息，新闻；knowledge知识；message口信。
答案 C
4．(2011·温州市高三适应性测试二)At less than $100 this smart and digital camera is good________for money.
A．value B．offer
C．price D．currency
解析 主要考查固定短语搭配。句子中：be good value for money“很划算、合算、物有所值” 。句子译文：这款漂亮的数码相机真的物有所值哦，还不到一百元。
答案 A
5．(2011·南昌二中高三二诊)— Hello, Jessica! What happened
—I could not hear you clearly because my mobile phone could not receive a good________.
A. sign B. signal
C. symbol D. mark
解析 考查名词的用法。sign“迹象”；signal“信号”；symbol“符号，象征”；mark“痕迹”。根据句子意思，应是手机的信号不好。所以应选B。
答案 B
6．(2011·山东济南市高三质量调研)David won’t get lost－he has a good________of direction.
A. feeling B. idea
C. experience D. sense
解析 考查名词词义辨析。解题关键：掌握短语a good sense of direction意为：方向感。句意：大卫不会迷路的——他有好的方向感。
答案 D
7．(2011·浙江温州八校返校联考)I have no________what is in fashion this summer.I bought this dress quite by accident.
A．mind B．opinion
C．idea D．thought
解析 考查名词词义辨析。解题关键：掌握句型have no idea＋同位语从句。
答案 C
8．(2011·浙江温州八校返校联考)What really________is not failure itself, but the attitude we have towards it.
A．matters B．applies
C．stresses D．functions
解析 考查名词词义辨析。此处matter意为：重要的是；关键的是。
答案 A
9．(2011·浙江温州十校联考)He had a burning________to win back the teacher’s confidence in him.
A．desire B．feeling
C．emotion D．impression
解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他有一个强烈的愿望赢得老师的信心。
答案 A
10. Over two thirds of the population were believed to have no ________to the health care in the west rural area in China.
A. aid B. basis
C. belief D. access
解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们认为在中国的西部农村地区超过2/3的人口得不到医疗保健。解题关键：掌握短语have no access to意为：得不到；无法进入。
答案 D
11. The Education Bureau gave a warning to each school without any________ when the virus of H1N1 hit our city.
A. delay B. effort
C. schedule D. consideration
解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当H1N1侵袭我们的城市的时候，教育局毫不迟疑的警告各学校。
答案 A
12．(2011·宁夏银川一中第一次月考)The popular cartoon Mulan is a (an)________of a Chinese poem for children.
A．imagination B．plot
C．story D．adaptation
解析 考查名词词义辨析。此处adaptation意为：改编本。句意：流行卡通片木兰是由儿童诗歌改编而成的。
答案 D
13．(2011·黑龙江哈师大附中第二次月考)—What would you give me in________for my recorder
—My MP3. Do you agree
A. reward B. turn
C. preparation D. exchange
解析 考查名词词义辨析。语境：——你愿意拿什么换我的录音机？——我的MP3。你同意吗？此处in exchange for意为：与……交换。
答案 D
14．(2011·黑龙江哈师大附中第二次月考)—Are you looking for something in________？
—No. I’m just having a look.
A. total B. particular
C. general D. common
解析 考查名词词义辨析。语境：—你在寻找一些特殊的东西吗？—不，我只是看看。此处something in particular意为：特殊的东西。
答案 B
15．(2011·桂林十八校第一次月考)Obama’s success in presidential election proves that the color of one’s skin shouldn’t be a________to success.
A. barrier B. behavior
C. battle D. bunch
解析 考查名词词义辨析。句意：奥巴马总统竞选成功证明肤色不应该成为成功的障碍。此处barrier意为：障碍。
答案 A
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
阅读理解
For decades, people have been telling each other，“You are what you eat.”However, it doesn’t mean, for example, that if you eat a plant, you become a plant. At least, not for people.
For a certain kind of sea slug (海蛞蝓), however, those words are more than just a reminder to eat well. The Elysia chlorotica is a sea slug that looks like a leaf and eats by sucking the insides out of algae(海藻)．These algae, like plants, get their food by using sunlight to help make sugar.
At a recent meeting of scientists, a biologist named Sidney K. Pierce reported a surprising observation in these algae eating sea slugs. Pierce does his research at the University of South Florida in Tampa.
Pierce already knew that these sea animals, just like plants, have the right chemical tools to turn sunlight into food. Surprisingly, now he’s learned that sea slugs aren’t simply stealing what they need to do this from algae. They’ve also stolen the recipe for how to make chlorophyll (叶绿素)，a chemical that is vital to the process, and can make chlorophyll themselves. In other words, they have started to behave like their food.
“This could be a fusion (融合) of a plant and an animal－that’s just cool，”John Zardus told Science News. Zardus is an invertebrate zoologist at The Citadel in Charleston, S．C.. Invertebrates are animals that don’t have backbones ( like slugs), and zoology is the study of animals.
Inside their cells, plants have tiny structures called chloroplasts (叶绿体)．These chloroplasts turn carbon dioxide and water into sugar using sunlight and a chemical called chlorophyll, which is known as photosynthesis (光合作用). Like plants, algae that get eaten by sea slugs also use photosynthesis. When Pierce’s slug eats algae, it separates out chloroplasts. Instead of digesting and excreting (排泄) chloroplasts, the sea slug absorbs them inside its own cells. Pierce and his colleagues already knew that once a sea slug has chloroplasts inside its cells, it can use photosynthesis to make food, which means it may not even have to eat for the rest of its life (about a year)．
But the chloroplasts use up the chlorophyll during photosynthesis, and a fresh supply is needed. Where does it come from One idea was that when an animal absorbed chloroplasts, they came with a lifetime supply of chlorophyll.But as it turns out, that’s not the case with these sea slugs. They have stolen more than just chloroplasts.
这是一篇科普文。美国科学家最近发现了软体动物海蛞蝓的一种奇怪的生活习性：它能吸收植物的叶绿体，存入体内，自己进行光合作用，从而获取食物。
1．When people say“You are what you eat”，it generally means that ________.
A．the nutrition in a person’s diet affects his or her health
B．you’ll finally become something if you eat something
C．all people must be responsible for their actions
D．the diet cures more than the doctor
解析 句意理解题。根据下文所举实例可知，此句的意义不是你吃了什么就会变成什么。采用反证法可推知，此句的意义是“人如其食”，即饮食决定健康。
答案 A
2．We can infer from the text that John Zardus is a scientist who ________.
A．gives suggestions on the recipe
B．observes the evolution of the plant and animal life
C．studies animals without backbones
D．does research on the bones of animals
解析 推断题。根据短文中的“Invertebrates are animals that don’t have backbones(like slugs)，and zoology is the study of animals.”可知，invertebrates是无脊椎动物，zoology是动物学。由此可以判断John Zardus是一位研究无脊椎动物的科学家。
答案 C
3．Photosynthesis may be defined as the process of ________.
A．removing oxygen and increasing carbon dioxide
B．chloroplasts using chlorophyll to make sugar
C．digesting and excreting chloroplasts
D．absorbing water and sugar from the soil
解析 细节题。根据短文中的“These chloroplasts turn carbon dioxide and water into sugar using sunlight and a chemical called chlorophyll...”可知，光合作用就是利用叶绿素和阳光，将二氧化碳和水转化为糖的过程。
答案 B
4．According to the finding of Pierce and his colleagues, sea slugs, unlike other animals，________.
A．can store a lifetime supply of chlorophyll
B．never have the function of photosynthesis
C．often get eaten by plants like algae
D．can make their own chlorophyll
解析 细节题。根据短文中第四段中的“and can make chlorophyll themselves.In other words，they have started to behave like their food”和倒数第二段最后的“it can use photosynthesis to make food”可知，海蛞蝓与其他动物的区别是它们能自己制造叶绿素，并利用光合作用来为自己提供食物。
答案 D
1. I paid him ￡50 for the painting, but its true________must be at least ￡500.
A. price B. money
C. value D. importance
解析 value 指“价值”。
答案 C
2. His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any________of it.
A. explanation B. meaning
C. sense D. guess
解析 make sense of 意为“明白”、“理解”。比较：make sense 意为“有意义”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。如下面一题选D：
What he told us about the situation simply doesn’t make any________.
A. use B. reason
C. value D. sense
答案 C
3. You’ve just missed your ________， and you will have to wait for the next round.
A. chance B. turn
C. time D. part
解析 miss one’s turn 意为“错过机会”，注意下文的．..have to wait for the next round 所表示的语境。
答案 B
4．—Li Lin is very bright and studies hard as well.
—It’s no________he always gets the first place in any examination.
A. question B. doubt
C. problem D. wonder
解析 it’s no wonder (＋that从句)的意思是“难怪”，也可说成 No wonder (＋that从句)。
答案 D
5．—How can I use this washing machine
—Well, just refer to the________.
A. explanations B. expressions
C. introductions D. directions
解析 directions 的意思是“使用说明”，空格前的 refer to 意为“查看”、“参考”。
答案 D
6. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the________.
A. rooms number B. room number
C. room’s numbers D. room numbers
解析 room 为无生命名词，不用 room’s 这样的所有格形式，在此可直接用名词作定语。类似地，下面一题要选B，也是一样的道理(名词作定语通常用单数不用复数)：
The boy was very happy that his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a ________ yesterday.
A. shoes shop B. shoe shop
C. shoes’s shop D. shoe’s
答案 D
7．—Hello, I’d like to speak to Henry.
—Oh, which ________？ There are two________in our office.
A. Henrys；Henrys B. Henries；Henries
C. Henry；Henrys D. Henrys；Henries
解析 在通常情况下，专有名词具有“独一无二”性，因此它通常没有复数形式，即不可数。但是，专有名词的独一无二性有时是相对的，随着范围的扩大，这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内，只有一个星期六(Saturday), 一个星期日(Sunday)等，但是在一个月中甚至一年中，便有多个星期六，多个星期日了。所以我们有时可以说：We have spent many happy Sundays there. 我们在那儿度过了许多个愉快的星期日。另外一点值得注意的是，与一般的名词单数变复数不同，以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的专有名词，其直接加词尾 s，而不将y改为i。
答案 C
8. Electricity, like other forms of________， has greatly increased in price in recent years.
A. pressure B. force
C. strength D. energy
解析 从常识来考虑，electricity 属于 energy，结合全句的语境，只有D最合适。同样地，下面两题从常识和语境来考虑也应选D：
(1) Some countries are increasing their use of natural gas, and other forms of________.
A. source B. material
C. power D. energy
(2) The ________has become extremely tense. A war could break out any time between the two sides.
A. pollution B. friendship
C. condition D. situation
答案 D
9. In order to learn the________of the family business, Bill took a job as messenger boy in one of the offices.
A. ins and outs B. dos and don’ts
C. heads and tails D. p’s and q’s
解析 ins and outs 意为“细节”，dos and don’ts 意为“注意事项”，heads or tails 为掷钱币打赌时用语，意为“你赌正面还是赌反面”，p’s and q’s主要用于 mind one’s p’s and q’s，意为“留意自己的言行”。结合句意，选A最合适。
答案 A
10．—I’ve got an “A” in the examination.
—That’s a good________. You will surely win a second.
A. result B. news
C. start D. idea
解析 从语法上看，news 不可选，因为它不可数；从意义上看，D不可选，因为选D意思不通；比较A和C，选C最合适，因为 start与下文的 a second 相吻合。
答案 C1. They haven’t arrived yet but we________them at any moment.
A. are expected B. have expected
C. are expecting D. will expect
解析 用现在进行时表示目前的一种状态。
答案 C
2. I think you must be mistaken about seeing him at the theatre; I’m sure he________abroad all week.
A. is B. was
C. has been D. had been
解析 用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即他整个星期都在国外，所以你说你在剧院见过他，你一定是搞错了。
答案 C
3. The students________busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she________in the office.
A. had written, left B. were writing, has left
C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
解析 “把书忘在办公室”发生在“去取书”这一过去的动作之前，因此“忘了书”这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在“同学们正忙于……”这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。
答案 D
4. I tried to phone her, but even as I________she was leaving the building.
A. phoned B. would phone
C. had phoned D. was phoning
解析 注意even as 的意思，它表示“正当……的时候”或“恰当……的时候”。
答案 D
5. “I suppose you ________that report yet？” “I finished it yesterday, as a matter of fact.”
A. didn’t finish B. haven’t finished
C. hadn’t finished D. wasn’t finishing
解析 注意下文语境－－事实上，我昨天就做完了。从该回答的语气上推测，填空处应填现在完成时态。
答案 B
6．—Didn’t the guard see him breaking into the bank
—No, he________in the other direction.
A. was looking B. had looked
C. looked D. is looking
解析 表示当时正在进行的动作。
答案 A
7. How can you possibly miss the news It ________on TV all day long.
A. has been B. had been
C. was D. will be
解析 表示目前一种持续的状态。
答案 A
8. “I thought you might have got drunk.” “Yes, I________.”
A. almost have B. almost had
C. almost did D. might have
解析 句中的 might have got drunk是对过去情况的推测，故答句所指的情况也应在过去，故选C。
答案 C
9. With the development of science, more new technology________to the fields of IT.
A. has introduced B. is being introduced
C. is introduced D. was introduced
解析 技术应该是“被”引进，故用被动语态；根据语境句子应用现在进行时。
答案 B
10．“How about the dishes, Dear？” “The beef didn’t taste very good. It________too long.”
A. cooked B. had been cooked
C. was cooked D. had cooked
解析 从句意上看，“牛肉”应该是“被”煮，故句子要用被动语态；从时间上看，由于句中有 didn’t taste very good，所以“煮得太久”应该在这一过去时间之前，故用过去完成时。
答案 B
11. He kept a little notebook, in which________the names and addresses of his friends.
A. wrote B. was writing
C. was written D. were written
解析 in which were written the names and addresses...为倒装句式，其正常表达为 the names and addresses of his friends were written in the notebook。
答案 D
12. “Look! Everything here is under construction.” “What is the small building that________for？”
A. is being building B. has been built
C. is built D. is being built
解析 因为 building 应该是“被建”，故用被动语态；再根据前文的 look, under construction 等信息词可知，此处应用现在进行时态。
答案 D
13. Hundreds of jobs________if the factory closes.
A. lose B. will be lost
C. are lost D. will lose
解析 jobs与lose应为被动关系，故用被动语态；再根据条件状语从句中的一般现在时可知主句用一般将来时为宜。
答案 B
14. A red sky in the morning________to be a sign of bad weather.
A. says B. is saying
C. has said D. is said
解析 因为主语 a red sky 与谓语动词say之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。
答案 D
15．(2011·吉林二模)Mother told Jim to watch the milk until it boiled and then________off the gas.
A. turn B. turning
C. turned D. having turned
解析 句意：妈妈告诉吉姆看着牛奶直到煮开，然后关火。句中turn与watch并列，所以可以省略to。
答案 A
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
阅读理解
A
Depression is a serious medical condition with a variety of symptoms. Emotional symptoms include sadness, loss of interest in things you once enjoyed, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, restlessness, trouble concentrating or making decisions, anxiety，and thoughts of death or suicide. Physical symptoms include great tiredness, lack of energy，and changes in sleep patterns. There are many theories about the cause of depression.One common theory is that depression is caused by an imbalance of naturally occurring substances in the brain and spinal cord(脊髓)．
If you experience the symptoms of depression, Cymbalta may help. Cymbalta has been approved for the treatment of depression. It has been shown to improve symptoms of depression. Only your doctor can decide if Cymbalta is right for you.
Cymbalta comes in a capsule (胶囊) and should be taken once a day. Plus, Cymbalta can be taken with or without food. You should not break, open, or chew the capsule. Make sure you take only the dose your doctor prescribes.
Your symptoms may gradually begin to improve. Feeling the way you do now probably didn’t happen overnight. Feeling better may take a little time, too. For depression, patients may notice improvements in 1 to 4 weeks. Results may vary from person to person. Give Cymbalta time to work. And don’t stop taking it without talking to your doctor.
Of course, Cymbalta is not for everyone. Cymbalta is not approved for those under 18. As with any prescription medication, it helps to be aware of the most common side effects and potential risks associated with it.
The most common side effect of Cymbalta is nausea(恶心)．Other common side effects include dry mouth, sleepiness, increased sweating, decreased appetite, dizziness，and weakness. Cymbalta can increase your blood pressure. Your doctor should check your blood pressure before and while taking Cymbalta.
You should not take Cymbalta if：
●You have recently taken a type of antidepressant called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
●You have high eye pressure
●You are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant
本文为应用文，详细介绍了治疗抑郁症的药Cymbalta。
1．How should the Cymbalta capsule be taken
A．The capsule should be taken with food.
B．The capsule should be swallowed the whole.
C．The capsule should be chewed.
D．The capsule should be taken before meals.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段可知这种药制成了胶囊，应该一口吞下去。
答案 B
2．Which patient can’t Cymbalta be applied to
A．A middle aged man.
B．A school child.
C．An old lady.
D．A woman with two children.
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段第二句可知，Cymbalta不适合18岁以下的人群使用，故选B项“学童，小学生”。
答案 B
3．We can infer that after taking Cymbalta, you ________.
A．shouldn’t take a walk
B．shouldn’t drive a car
C．shouldn’t watch TV
D．shouldn’t take a bus
解析 推理判断题。根据第六段第二句可知吃药后，人可能感到昏昏欲睡和头晕，这时开车的话是非常危险的，故吃本药后不要开车，答案选B。
答案 B
4．If you are not satisfied with Cymbalta within two months, you can ________.
A．get your money back unconditionally
B．change the medicine free
C．return the medicine immediately
D．get your money back conditionally
解析 细节理解题。根据图片部分Promise可知，在两个月内如果对这种药不满意的话，退款是有条件限制的。
答案 D
B
Some say everyday miracles(奇迹) are predestined(注定的)－the right time for the appointed meeting. And it can happen anywhere.
In 2001,11 year old Kevin Stephan was a bat boy for his younger brother’s Little League team in Lancaster, New York. It was an early evening in late July. Kevin was standing on the grass away from the plate, where another youngster was warming up for the next game. Swinging his bat back and forth, giving it all the power an elementary school kid could give. The boy brought the bat back hard and hit Kevin in the chest. His heart stopped.
When Kevin fell to the ground, the mother of one of the players rushed out of the stands to his aid. Penny Brown hadn’t planned to be there that day, but at the last minute, her shift(换班)at the hospital had been changed to see her son’s performance. She was given the night off. Penny bent over the senseless boy, his face already starting to turn blue, and giving CPR, breathing into his mouth and giving chest compressions. And he revived in the end.
After his recovery, he became a volunteer junior firefighter, learning some of the emergency first－aid techniques that had saved his life. He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.
Kevin, now 18, was working in the kitchen when he heard people screaming, customers in confusion, employees rushing toward a table. He hurried into the main room and saw a woman there, her face turning blue, her hands at her throat. She was choking.
Quickly Kevin stepped behind her, wrapped his arms around her and clasped his hands. Then, using skills he’d first learned in Scouts. The food that was trapped in the woman’s throat was freed. The color began to return to her face.
“The food was stuck. I couldn’t breathe，” she said. She thought she was dying. “I was very frightened.”
Who was the woman
Penny Brown.
5．The author wrote the passage to show us that ________.
A．miracles are predestined and they can happen anywhere
B．whoever helps you in trouble will get a reward one day
C．God will help those who give others a helping hand
D．miracles won’t come without any difficulty sometimes
解析 主旨大意题。文章第一段点明了本文的写作目的：奇迹是注定的，无处不定。下文具体讲述了两个人的互救经历来证明这一观点。
答案 A
6．Which of the following statements is True of Kevin Stephan
A．He was hit on the face by a boy and almost lost his life
B．He was a volunteer junior firefighter, teaching the players first aid skills
C．He worked part time in a local restaurant to save money for college
D．He saved Penny Brown though he didn’t really know how to deal with food choke
解析 正误判断题。由第四段中He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.可知C项表述正确，符合题意。
答案 C
7．Why did Penny Brown change her shift and was given the night off that night
A．She was invited to give the players directions
B．She volunteered to give medical services
C．She was a little worried about his son’s safety
D．She came to watch her son’s game and cheered him
解析 细节推理题。由第三段中…， but at the last minute, her shift(换班)at the hospital had been changed to see her son’s performance.可以推出Penny Brown是为了看她儿子的比赛，为他加油。
答案 D
8．The underlined word “revived”(Paragraph3) most likely means ________.
A．came back to life B．became worse
C．failed D．moved
解析 猜测词义题。由本句前句中的Penny bent over the senseless boy 和下一段的After his recovery可以推出revived的意思为 苏醒； 醒了过来， 与senseless(昏迷，没有知觉)相对。
答案 A
1. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who________him, but failed.
A. has held B. had held
C. was holding D. would hold
解析 用过去进行时表示当时在持续的一种状态。
答案 C
2. When I arrived at the company, the manager________， so we had only time for a few words.
A. just went away B. had gone away
C. was just going away D. has just gone away
解析 由于下文说we had only time for a few words，说明“经理”正准备离开。
答案 C
3. “John took a photograph of you just now.”“ Oh, really I________.”
A. didn’t know B. wasn’t knowing
C. don’t know D. haven’t known
解析 “不知道”是对方告诉自己之前的事，故用一般过去时。
答案 A
4. “Mike is not coming to the football game this afternoon.”“ It’s a shame! He________！”
A. promises B. promised
C. will promise D. had promised
解析 根据语境，他“答应”发生在过去，故用一般过去时。
答案 B
5. Please call again. Jim________a bath just now.
A. has had B. was having
C. is having D. has
解析 just now 有两个意思：一是表示“刚才”，此时just now 为习语；二是表示“现在”、“眼前”、“就在此时”，此时 just 意为“正好”、“恰好”，用以修饰副词now。根据句子语境，句中的 just now 应取上面的第二个意思。
答案 C
6. New medicines and instruments________every day to extend life.
A. develop B. are being developed
C. are developing D. have developed
解析 从语境上看，develop 不仅要用被动语态，而且要用进行时态。
答案 B
7. I’ll come after the meeting if time________.
A. permits B. is permitting
C. is permitted D. has permitted
解析 该用法中的 permit 为不及物动词，不用被动语态。其中if time permits 也可换成 time permitting。
答案 A
8. The students________￡50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery.
A. give B. are given
C. have given D. to give
解析 谓语为 give sb.sth.结构的被动语态形式。
答案 B
9．“You’ve left the light on.” “Oh, so I have.________and turn it off.”
A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone
C. I go D. I’m going
解析 A和D两者均可表示将来，填入空格处似乎都可以。但实际上只有A是最佳的，因为根据上下文的语境来看，“我去把灯关掉”这一行为是说话人听了对方的话后临时想到的，而不是事先准备的。而按英语习惯：will 和 be going to后接动词原形均可表示意图，但意图有强弱之分，如果是事先考虑过的意图，要用 be going to；如果不是事先考虑过的，而是说话时刻才临时想到的意图，则用 will。
答案 A
10. “Your phone number again I________quite catch it.” “It’s 4331577”
A. didn’t B. couldn’t
C. don’t D. can’t
解析 根据上文的语境“请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗？”可知“没听清对方的电话号码”应是在说此话以前，故应用一般过去时态。此题容易误选C，认为此处要用一般现在时态，表示现在“没听清对方的话”。
答案 A1．—Who are making so much noise in the garden
—________the children.
A. It is B. They are
C. That is D. There are
解析 强调句型 It is the children who are making so much noise 之省略。
答案 A
2. It is________he often fails in exams________makes his parents worried about him.
A. what; that B. that; what
C. that; that D. / ; that
解析 为强调句型，被强调成分为主语从句 that he often fails in exams。
答案 C
3. It is the protection for the trees________really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.
A. what B. that
C. 不填 D. which
解析 为强调句型，句意为“真正重要的在于保护树，而不在于种多少树”。
答案 B
4. It is________my father worked________I work now.
A. where, that B. where, when
C. that, where D. that, that
解析 整个句子为 it was... that...格式的强调句式，即第二空要填that；第一空填where，where my father worked 为地点状语从句，为强调句的被强调部分。句意为“我现在在我父亲曾经工作过的地方工作”。
答案 A
5. What she says and does________nothing to do with me.
A. was B. were
C. has D. have
解析 what当整体，是单数，she says and does是个省略了that的定语从句。
答案 C
6. There________a dictionary and several books on the desk.
A. are B. must
C. have been D. is
解析 there be句型要求用“就近原则”，谓语动词须和邻近的名词一致。
答案 D
7. Nobody________seen the film. It’s a pity.
A. but Tom and Jack have
B. except Tom and Jack have
C. but my friends has
D. but I have
解析 主语是nobody，此时强调个体，用单数。
答案 C
8. No teacher and no student________.
A. are admitted B. is admitted
C. are admitting D. is admitting
解析 句意：“每个老师、每个学生都不被允许进入。”因teacher和student都是单数，强调个体，所以谓语动词须用单数。
答案 B
9. The writer and singer________coming to give us a presentation.
A. is B. are
C. were D. do
解析 作家兼歌手，实际上指同一个人，须用单数。
答案 A
10．________had the bell rung________the students took their seats.
A. Hardly；when B. No sooner；when
C. Hardly；than D. No sooner；then
解析 Hardly...when...，No sooner...than...，为固定搭配，若它们放句首，前面的从句用过去完成时且用半倒装，主句用一般过去时，用正常语序。
答案 A
11．________the baby fell asleep________the room.
A. After；did the mother leave
B. Not until；did the mother leave
C. Not until；the mother left
D. Soon after；the mother had left
解析 Not until放句首，主句倒装，从句用正常语序。
答案 B
12．It was________his mother came in________to prepare his lessons.
A. not until；did the boy begin
B. until；that the boy began
C. until；did the boy begin
D. not until；that the boy began
解析 Not until不放句首，主句、从句用正常语序。
答案 D
13．Busy________he was，he tried his best to help you.
A. as B. when
C. since D. for
解析 as引导让步状语从句，被强调、突出的部分必须前置。
答案 A
14. (2011·河北石家庄一模)Cheer up！________things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.
A．Taking B．To take
C．Take D．Taken
解析 考查“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。
答案 C
15．(2011·唐山市摸底)We’d say that never before________so moving a film as After Shock.
A．we had seen B．had we seen
C．we have seen D．have we seen
解析 考查倒装句。此处never before置于句首，其后的主句部分倒装。
答案 D
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
阅读理解
A
AMSTERDAM (AP)－She’s not afraid of pirates(海盗). She’s packed plenty of school books. And she’s going to miss her family and her dog, Spot.
Fourteen year old Laura Dekker jumped onto her boat Wednesday and sailed off from the Netherlands hoping to become the youngest person to make a voyage around the world by herself.
About 100 supporters waved as Laura and her father Dick Dekker left the southern Dutch harbor of Den Osse in her 11.5 meter long sailing boat Guppy, for Portugal where she plans to leave her father and begin her attempt to travel around the world.
Last week, Laura won a legal battle when a court released her from the guardianship(监护) of Dutch child protection agencies. They had blocked her initial plan to depart at age 13 over fears for her safety and psychological health during the trip, which will likely take around a year.
“I can be sailing now, and that’s great！”she told reporters Wednesday.
Laura raised the black Jolly Roger－like flag of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society above the two red masts(桅杆) before sailing out.
Laura, who was born on a sailing boat off the coast of New Zealand, has been working to counter objections to her voyage since the authorities stepped in last year. She got a bigger, stronger boat, took courses in first aid and practiced coping with sleep deprivation(缺乏)．She also made at least one trip by herself across the North Sea to England.
The Dutch court ruled that Laura’s preparations were adequate and it was up to her parents, who are divorced, to decide whether to let her make the attempt. Her mother, Babs Mueller, recently withdrew(撤销) her opposition to the plan.
Dekker’s case has fueled a global debate over the wisdom of allowing ever younger sailors to take on the great risks of sailing the high seas alone.
荷兰14岁少女Laura Dekker将独自驾驶帆船环球航行，挑战全球最年轻独自环球航行纪录。
1．How did Laura feel when she was setting off
A．Embarrassed. B．Surprised.
C．Excited. D．Anxious.
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段的“I can be sailing now，and that’s great！”一句可知，Laura出发时非常激动和开心。
答案 C
2．Which statement is true about Laura’s mother
A．She thinks highly of Laura’s adventure.
B．She no longer shows concern about Laura.
C．She decides to disapprove of Laura’s voyage.
D．She opposed Laura’s attempt at the beginning.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章的倒数第二段可知，Laura的母亲最近撤销了对女儿独自航行计划的反对，可见最初母亲反对女儿孤身去环球航行。
答案 D
3．What is the text mainly about
A．Laura’s love for nature.
B．A family that loves sailing.
C．Whether young children should travel alone.
D．A 14 year old Dutch girl attempts to set a sailing record.
解析 主旨大意题。根据全文的内容可知，本文主要讲述了14岁的荷兰姑娘Laura Dekker想孤身环球航行，成为世界上最年轻的孤帆环游世界的人的故事。
答案 D
4．What does the last paragraph suggest
A．It is unwise to allow young children to take risks.
B．Many young children are fond of exploring nature.
C．People have different opinions about Laura’s attempt.
D．More young children may follow Laura’s example.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Laura Dekker的案例激起全世界人们的讨论——让这么小的孩子独自驾船环游世界是否是明智的做法。可见人们对这一做法持不同的意见，故答案为C。
答案 C
B
Many Asian carp (鲤鱼) feast on plants and plankton (浮游生物) that make up the base of the food chain.They could do serious harm to the Great Lakes’ ecosystem.The following four species are causing the most concern：
●Grass carp：The first of the modern carp to invade America, grass carp were brought to Arkansas and Alabama in 1963 from China and Malaysia. They were introduced in the hope that they’d control pond weeds and other unwanted vegetation at fish farms.They did，and for years their introduction was considered a success. But as more and more got loose and wound up in the Mississippi and Missouri rivers，they began to lose some of their good quality. They can eat up to 100 percent of their body weight or more in plant matter every, day－denying that food to native fish－but they only digest about half，leaving the rest as waste.And some may carry parasites (寄生虫) that infect native fish.
●Bighead carp：An Arkansas fish farmer first brought bighead carp to the US from China in 1972 to clean out algae from fish farms. By the early 1980s，a few began appearing in open waters of the Mississippi and Ohio rivers after escaping from fish farms.Bighead carp are now found in at least 18 states，but their desire to eat algae hasn’t always been that strong－they prefer zooplankton (small animals present in the water) to phytoplankton (small plants present in the water)．
●Silver carp：Introduced in the 1970s，most likely via another Arkansas fish farm escape，silver carp are now legendary for launching themselves into the air when scared, often at the sound of motorboats.Their forceful leaps can injure any people on the water. If you’re a skier, you can’t ski where there are a great many silver carp. That just wouldn’t be smart.But it isn’t the only threat from silver carp－their main food is phytoplankton，the tiny algae that mussels (河蚌) need to survive.
●Black carp：Although black carp aren’t officially established in the US, many fishermen from the Gulf Coast to Illinois and Missouri have reported catching them more often lately. While their relatives feed themselves on plants and plankton overhead，black carp stay low to hunt snails and mussels，causing a great danger to Great Lakes mollusks (软体动物) that are already hurt by other invaders.
亚洲鲤鱼会对北美五大湖的生态系统造成严重破坏。本文介绍了四种亚洲鲤鱼。
5．Which of the following swim lowest in the water
A．Grass carp. B．Bighead carp.
C．Black carp. D．Silver carp.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句While their relatives feed themselves on plants and plankton overhead，black carp stay low to hunt snails and mussels可知，青鱼喜欢生活在水的底层。
答案 D
6．According to the text, grass carp ________.
A．are hunted mainly for food at present
B．were kept to clean fish farms at first
C．were introduced to America in the 1970s
D．appeared in the Mississippi River in the 1980s
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句They were introduced in the hope that they’d control pond weeds and other unwanted vegetation at fish farms可知，美国人最初引入草鱼是为了清理鱼塘。
答案 B
7．We can learn from the text that ________.
A．grass carp consume too much food that native fish rely on
B．bighead carp are a species of Asian carp that only feed on algae
C．silver carp were the first kind of Asian carp to invade America
D．black carp can now be found in most American states
解析 细节判断题。根据第二段末句They can eat up to 100 percent of their body weight or more in plant matter every day－denying that food to native fish可知，草鱼会吃掉很多本土鱼赖以生存的食物。deny此处是“拒绝给予”的意思。
答案 A
8．The purpose of the passage is most probably to ________.
A．list the food chain of Asian carp
B．draw people’s attention to the Great Lakes’ ecosystem
C．list the species of Asian carp
D．introduce four species of Asian carp that do harm to ecosystem
解析 写作目的题。本文主要介绍四种亚洲鲤鱼，它们会对北美五大湖的生态系统造成严重破坏。故文章的写作目的是D。
答案 D
1. Was________that I saw last night at the concert
A. it you B. not you
C. you D. that you
解析 为强调句的一般疑问句形式，其相应陈述句为 It was you that I saw...。
答案 A
2. It was ten o’clock ________he came back home.
A. when B. that
C. since D. after
解析 when 表示“当……的时候”，句首的 it 表示时间，全句意为“当他回到家时，时间是10点钟。”
答案 A
3. It was not until he came back ________he knew the police were looking for him.
A. which B. since
C. that D. before
解析 为 He didn’t know the police were looking for him until he came back 之强调形式。注意，not...until... 的强调句式通常为 It was not until...that...的形式。
答案 C
4. “How was ________they discovered the entrance to the underground palace？” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that B. he that
C. it when D. he which
解析 为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
答案 A
5. “Was it under the tree________you were away talking to a friend？” “Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.
A. that B. where
C. which D. while
解析 做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗？”“当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree you were away talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。
答案 D
6. It’s more than half a century________my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
A. when B. that
C. since D. while
解析 假若选B，将此句分析为强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century. 很显然， 句中的 more than half a century 是一段时间，然而它修饰的谓语动词 joined...became 却是两个终止性动词，这显然不合适。其实，此题应选C，属于“It is＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型，句意为“我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了”。此句的主句谓语也可以用现在完成时态(has been)，但在口语中多用一般现在时代替。
答案 C
7. It was lack of money, not of effort，________defeated their plan.
A. which B. as
C. that D. what
解析 整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 这一结构，干扰了许多同学对 it was lack of money that defeated their plan 这一强调句的认识和理解。考生有可能受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A。
答案 C
8. It was what he meant rather than what he said________annoyed me.
A. which B. as
C. what D. that
解析 此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that，被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said。句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。
答案 D
9．(2011·浙江温州十校联考)Never before ________to________what his parents expect of him more than it is today .
A．he has failed; live up to
B．he failed not; come up with
C．has he failed; live up to
D．did he failed; come up with
解析 考查倒装句。此处never置于句首，主句用部分倒装。
答案 C
10. The number of people invited________fifty, but a number of them________absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was；was
C. was; were D. were；were
解析 “the number of＋可数名词复数”作主语，表“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数；“a number of＋可数名词复数”作主语，表“许多……”，谓语动词用复数。
答案 C1. (2011·山东师大附中第七次质量检测)How much you earn is not very important.It is how you earn the money that________.
A．counts B．values
C．minds D．means
解析 考查动词词义的辨析。句意“你挣多少钱不重要。你怎么挣的这些钱才要紧。”根据句子的意思只能选A。
答案 A
2. We’re so busy that no one in the office can________for any other work.
A. spare B. be spared
C. share D. be shared
解析 spare 在表示“腾出或省去(多余的人或物)”。
答案 B
3. He regards that book ________one of the worst that he’s________read.
A. to be, ever B. to be, never
C. as, ever D. as, never
解析 regard...as...的意思“把……当作……”，其中的介词 as 不能换成 to be。
答案 C
4. “Did you get a job？” “No, I ________， but it’s no use.”
A. expected B. tried to
C. managed to D. planned
解析 I tried to 为 I tried to get a job 之省略。
答案 B
5. “Do you know that Jack________a postman for about six years？” “Yes, I see.”
A. has become B. has turned
C. has changed D. has been
解析 因为A、B、C均为终止性动词，均不能连用 for about six years 这样的一段时间。
答案 D
6. The thing that________is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.
A. matters B. cares
C. considers D. minds
解析 matter 在此的意思是“要紧”、“关系重大”。
答案 A
7. I don’t want the green coat. It is red and black colours that________me very well.
A. suit B. fit
C. suits D. fits
解析 填空句为强调句，强调主语 red and black colours，故其后的谓语要用复数，即排除C和D。另外，fit 与suit区别是：fit 表示“适合”或“合身”等(及物或不及物)，主要是指尺寸、大小、形状等方面的适合，而 suit 表示“适合”，主要指款式或花色等方面的适合。
答案 A
8. What’s the matter with the radio Why isn’t it ________？
A. broadcasting B. working
C. doing D. sounding
解析 work 在此的意思是“运作”、“运转”。
答案 B
9. To our surprise the stranger________to be an old friend of my mother’s.
A. turned out B. turned up
C. set out D. set up
解析 turn out 意为“结果是，原来是”等；turn up 意为“找到， 发现，出现，开大音量”等；set out 意为“开始，出发，陈述”等；set up 意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创(纪录)，提出”等。
答案 A
10. All the girls swam in the lake except two, who________halfway.
A. gave off B. gave up
C. gave away D. gave out
解析 give up 意为“放弃”；give out 意为“分发，发出(气味、热等)，发表，用尽，精疲力竭”；give away意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露，出卖”；give off 意为“发出(蒸汽、光等)，长出(枝、杈等)”。
答案 B
11. If the new arrangement doesn’t ________， we’ll go back to the old one.
A. work over B. work out
C. work up D. work in
解析 work out 在此表示“有预期结果”；work over 意为“调查，重做”；work up 意为“逐步建立，逐步发展”；work in 意为“配合，引进”。
答案 B
12. “Have great changes taken place in your village？” “Yes, A new school was________in the village last year.”
A. held up B. set up
C. sent up D. brought up
解析 set up 意为“建立”；hold up 意为“举起，支撑，继续下去，阻挡，拦截”；send up 意为“发出，射出，长出，使上升”；bring up 意为“教育，培养，提出”。
答案 B
13. I had to________because someone else wanted to use the phone.
A. give up B. put up
C. hang up D. ring up
解析 give up 指“放弃”，put up 指“举起，架起，修建，张贴”等，hang up 指“挂断(电话)”，ring up 指“给某人打电话”。
答案 C
14. Elephants would ________if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.
A. die down B. die out
C. die away D. die off
解析 die away 指“(声音、风、光线等)渐息，渐弱”；die down 指“(慢慢)熄灭，平静下来”；die off 指“一个一个地死去”；die out 指“(家族、种族、习俗、观念等)灭绝，绝迹”。
答案 B
15. My study of biology has______________much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.
A. taken off B. taken down
C. taken up D. taken away
解析 take up 意为“开始(学习或从事等)，继续，占去，接纳，提出”；take off意为“脱下，起飞，打折，请假”；take away 意为“取走”；take down 意为“写下，拆下”。
答案 C
读写同步加强专栏
?读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Ramesh’s childhood was fun. He played happily every day, but he wasn’t much trouble to his parents as he helped with the housework __1__ he was only ten.However, there was only one drawback. Ramesh __2__ studying. He just played inside and outside with his favorite friend Siraj.
He __3__ welcomed Siraj to his home and the two played together every day. Ramesh’s mother liked Siraj and __4__ him as her own son. But Siraj’s mother didn’t like Ramesh because her son loved to study. She __5__ he would act like Ramesh and lose interest in __6__，too.
But Ramesh’s mother had no bias(偏见)towards Siraj. She would even help him __7__ with book purchases and study tools. Therefore, Siraj __8__ playing with Ramesh.
One exam day, as Ramesh was __9__ to answer the paper, Siraj was writing __10__ on the paper. He had __11__ for the tests unlike Ramesh.When Ramesh couldn’t think of any __12__ to write down, he asked Siraj for some help.
Siraj did not think twice in giving his paper, but to his __13__，the teacher caught them and threatened to take them to the headmaster.Immediately Siraj said that he was __14__ from a high fever the previous night and Ramesh was nursing him, and had no __15__ to study.
Ramesh was surprised at Siraj’s __16__ and went red in the cheeks. He was __17__ to know that his best friend loved him so much and he so little.He __18__ to the teacher, acknowledging his mistake. And from that day on，he __19__ to take an interest in studies and be a better student.
The story told us that one can skip food and water, but the future will be __20__ if one skips studying regularly.
Ramesh和Siraj是一对好朋友。Ramesh厌学，而Siraj好学。一天考试的时候，Ramesh请求Siraj帮忙作弊，但却被老师发现了。Siraj编了一个善意的谎言为Ramesh开脱。Ramesh对Siraj心存感激，发誓以后要成为一名优秀的学生。
1．A.so B．unless
C．if D．though
解析 尽管他只有10岁，但他却能帮忙做家务活。前后构成让步关系，故选D。
答案 D
2．A.liked B．hated
C．quitted D．tried
解析 根据后一句He just played inside and outside with his favorite friend Siraj可知，他贪玩而不好学，但并没有辍学，故选B。
答案 B
3．A.hardly B．occasionally
C．always D．never
解析 根据上文He just played inside and outside with his favorite friend Siraj和下文the two played together every day综合推断，Ramesh总是欢迎Siraj到家玩，故选C。
答案 C
4．A.treated B．knew
C．respected D．imagined
解析 根据此空前的liked Siraj和下文But Ramesh’s mother had no bias towards Siraj可知，她对待Siraj如同自己的亲生儿子一样，故选A。
答案 A
5．A.believed B．wished
C．wondered D．feared
解析 由上文可知Ramesh讨厌学习，因此Siraj的母亲担心自己的儿子会像Ramesh一样。fear意为“害怕，担心”，符合语境，故选D。
答案 D
6．A.work B．study
C．life D．friendship
解析 由上文可知Ramesh讨厌学习，所以Siraj的母亲担心自己的儿子受Ramesh的影响而对学习失去兴趣，故选B。
答案 B
7．A.mentally B．professionally
C．legally D．financially
解析 Ramesh的妈妈给Siraj买书和学习用具，由此可知这里是说经济上的帮助，故选D。
答案 D
8．A.kept B．stopped
C．started D．practised
解析 由于Ramesh的母亲对自己好，所以Siraj继续和Ramesh玩。keep doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，符合语境，故选A。
答案 A
9．A.forgetting B．helping
C．struggling D．managing
解析 由下文作弊事件可知，Ramesh答题是艰难的。struggle to do sth.“艰难地做某事”，符合语境，故选C。
答案 C
10．A.anxiously B．smoothly
C．carelessly D．badly
解析 根据上文所讲的Ramesh与Siraj对学习的不同态度可知，Siraj答题非常顺利。smoothly意为“平稳地，顺利地”，符合语境，故选B。
答案 B
11．A.prepared B．paid
C．longed D．waited
解析 根据unlike Ramesh可判断，Siraj考试之前做了准备，故选A。
答案 A
12．A.problem B．plan
C．answer D．paper
解析 由下文语境可知，Ramesh请求Siraj帮忙，由此可知Ramesh想不出问题的答案，故选C。
答案 C
13．A.shame B．relief
C．delight D．surprise
解析 作弊被老师发现，对学生来说自然很惭愧，故选A。
答案 A
14．A.escaping B．changing
C．recovering D．suffering
解析 此时Siraj是在为Ramesh开脱，说自己头一天晚上发高烧。suffer from意为“遭受”，符合语境，故选D。
答案 D
15．A.right B．time
C．place D．motivation
解析 Siraj说他头一天晚上发高烧，而Ramesh忙于照顾他，所以没有时间去学习。故根据此语境可判断选B。
答案 B
16．A.marks B．comments
C．suggestions D．words
解析 此空应指上文Siraj对老师说的一番话，故选D。
答案 D
17．A.satisfied B．pleased
C．embarrassed D．worried
解析 根据went red in the cheeks可判断，Ramesh感到难堪，故选C。
答案 C
18．A.apologised B．listened
C．shouted D．smiled
解析 根据acknowledging his mistake可推断Ramesh是向老师道歉，故选A。
答案 A
19．A.agreed B．promised
C．left D．continued
解析 从那天起，Ramesh发誓要对学习感兴趣，力争成为一名更好的学生，故选B。
答案 B
20．A.distant B．safe
C．empty D．bright
解析 最后一句话的意思是：如果不学习，那就不会有未来。故选C。
答案 C
Ⅱ.书面表达
最近，一些学校纷纷设立“道德银行”，将每个学生所做的好人好事等以虚拟货币的形式记录在“道德银行”账户上。“道德币”的多少意味着该学生所做的志愿服务、好人好事的多少。“道德银行”的出现引起了人们的广泛争议。以下是两种不同的观点：
正方 反方
1.记录志愿者奉献社会、服务他人的善举 1.做好事带有较强的功利性
2.鼓励学生积极参与社会公益活动，促进社会和谐 2.用虚拟货币来激励助人为乐的行为从根本上提高不了学生的道德水准
请你结合以上素材写一篇100词左右的英语短文。
参考词汇：“道德银行”账户“moral bank”account；功利性utilitarianism
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【参考范文】
Recently “moral banks” have been opened in some schools.Each student is offered a “moral bank”account，which keeps a record of the good deeds he or she has done in the form of virtual money. People have different opinions about this phenomenon.
The supporters argue it can keep track of how many good deeds students have done and encourage them to be active in sharing public service activities and voluntary work, which will contribute to social harmony.
However，the critics say it is advocating utilitarianism because students know they can get a reward when doing a good deed. Essentially, it won’t improve students’ moral standards.
In my opinion，it is unwise to encourage students to help others by opening “moral bank” accounts.
1. If you want to sell your product you must________it.
A. advertise B. advertise for
C. advertise on D. advertise to
解析 advertise 可用作及物和不及物动词：用作及物动词时，其意为“为……做广告”、“登广告宣传”；用作不及物动词时，其意为“做广告”、“登广告”，此时通常后接介词 for，表示“做广告征求”。
答案 A
2. No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must________the people heart and soul.
A. serve B. serve for
C. serve to D. serve on
解析 serve 意为“为……服务”，可直接用作及物动词，其后不能按汉语意思误加介词 for。
答案 A
3. I________you yesterday, but you weren’t in.
A. rang B. rang to
C. rang with D. rang to
解析 ring 可以用作及物动词，表示“给……打电话”，故其后不用介词。
答案 A
4. Mr. Smith was in great need of money, so he________$2 000 for his car.
A. paid B. took
C. cost D. spent
解析 若单独说 He paid $2 000 for the car (他付了2 000美元买这车)是完全可以的，但问题是，本句前面有这样一句He was in great need of money (他急需要钱)，既然是“急需要钱”，又怎么还会花2000美元去买车呢？尤其还需注意的是 car 前的物主代词 his，这说明是为自己的车花2000美元，不合情理。此题的正确答案是B，take 在此表示“获得”、“得到”，句意为“他急需要钱，把自己的车以2000美元给卖掉了”。
答案 B
5. There are many kinds________， but I don’t know which to buy.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from
C. to choose D. for choosing
解析 choose 表示“选择”，其实是指“选择出来”(pick out)，而不是指“从……选择”，要表示后者的意思，要用 choose from，有时也用 choose among。
答案 B
6. The boy said that the fish his mother cooked tasted________.
A. good B. well
C. to be good D. to be well
解析 按英语语法，连系动词后通常接形容词作表语，而不接副词，据此可以排除选项B和D。但到底是应选A还是C呢？许多同学凭感觉认为 taste to be good 似乎很通顺，于是选了C。但是，错了，正确答案应是A。原因是用作连系动词的 taste 后习惯上不接to be。
答案 A
7. How I wish that I could________my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the net.
A. set out B. set off
C. set over D. set up
解析 set out 意为“陈述，陈列，出发，开始”；set off 意为“出发，动身”；set over 意为“移交，置于……上，指派……管理”；set up意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创(纪录)，提出”。
答案 A
8. The plan________just because people were unwilling to co operate(合作)．
A. broke down B. pulled down
C. turned down D. put down
解析 break down意为“中止，毁掉，压倒，停顿，倒塌”；pull down 意为“摧毁，推翻，使降低，使身体变差”；turn down 意为“拒绝，关小音量，减弱，降低”；put down 意为“放下，拒绝，镇压，削减，记下”。
答案 A
9. The government has________the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.
A. asked for B. called for
C. looked for D. paid for
解析 call for 意为“要求，提倡”；ask for 意为“请求，索要”；look for 意为“寻找”；pay for 意为“为……付钱”。
答案 B
10. John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to ________all his trousers to his measure.
A. let out B. give away
C. bring in D. make up
解析 let out 意为“放掉，泄露，放大，出租”；give away 意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露， 出卖，让步”；bring in 意为“生产， 挣得，介绍引进”；make up 意为“弥补，虚构，缝制，整理，和解，编辑，化妆”。
答案 A
