高中英语必修5知识点总结
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高中英语必修5知识点
Unit 1 Great scientists
I. Phrases
1. put forward 提出
2. draw a conclusion 得出结论
3. be/get under control 在……控制下
be/get out of control失去控制，不能操纵
4. be absorbed in 专心
5. be to blame 应该受责备（用主动形式表示被动）
blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人
6. in addition 也，另外，此外
7. link...to... 将…和…连接或联系起来
8. die of 因…而死亡（内因）
die from 因…而死亡（外因）
9. lead to 导致，通向
10. make sense 有意义，说得通
11. apart from 除…之外，此外
12. contribute to 为…作贡献或捐款，导致，有助于
13. be enthusiastic about 对…热情
14. be curious about 对…好奇
15. cure sb. of illness 治好某人…病
16. point of view 态度，观点，看法
17.（be）strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
2.词汇：
1. put forward: 提出（计划、建议等）；将…提前；把钟表拨快
e.g. He put forward a good plan for this project. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。
Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟表拨快十分钟。
【词语联想】
put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄
put down: 放下；写下，记下
put off: 推迟；延期
put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧）
e.g. put on weight: 增加了体重
put on a new play: 上演新戏剧
put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷）
e.g. put up a poster: 张贴海报
put up a tent: 搭起帐篷
2. conclude: v. 作结论，断定
e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。
conclusion: n. 结论
【习惯用语】
★ draw a conclusion 作出结论
3. defeat vt.打败, 击败, 战胜； 使(希望, 计划等)失败, 挫败; 阻挠, 使无效
e.g. He finally conceded defeat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). 他最终承认了失败 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )。
◆ 区别: defeat, conquer, overcome
defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”, e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人。
conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”,如: e.g. conquer nature 征服自然。
overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, e.g. overcome difficulties 克服困难。
4. attend: v.
1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, lecture...) 出席；参加
e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定亲自赴会。
2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾；看护。 e.g. Which doctor is attending to (on) you 哪位医生护理你？
3）to go with 伴随 e.g. The work was attended with much difficulty. 这项工作带来许多困难。
5. expose...to... e.g.They had to be exposed to the enemy's gunfire.他们不得不冒着敌人的炮火。
6. blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人 e.g. He blamed the boy for his mistake.
★ be to blame: 应受责备，应负责任 Who is to blame for the mistake？这个错误应归咎于谁？
7. in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相当于 besides, what's more
e.g. I paid 100 Yuan in addition. 我又付了 100 元。
In addition to English, he has to study a second language.除了英语以外，他还要学习第二外国语。
◆ 区别: in addition to, except, besides,beside in addition to：除…之外，还有…，表示递进关系。
e.g. The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期，还有免费午餐。
except: 除…之外，表示在整体中排除，e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除我以外所有人都收到了请柬.
besides表示“除了……以外，还有……”，与in addition to 同义，
e.g. Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.王先生也去了。
We all agreed besides him.我们都同意, 他也同意。
beside : 在…旁边。表示方位。 e.g. Lily sits beside me in class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边。
同义句转换
1）He speaks French as well as English. e.g. He speaks French in addition to/besides English.
2) Apart from the salary, it’s not a bad job. e.g. In addition to/Except the salary, it’s not a bad job.
8. announce: 公布；宣告 e.g. He announced his decision. 他宣布了他的决定。
9. absorb v.
1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。
【习惯用语】
2）专心于
★ be absorbed in sth: 专心的，全神贯注的
The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注的阅读一篇故事。
10. challenge n.挑战; 挑战书; 邀请比赛; 要求决斗 vt. 向...挑战, 要求, 怀疑 ; vi. 挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议
e.g. meet the serious challenge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) 面对严峻挑战 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
unit 2 The United Kingdom
I. Phrases
1. consist of 由……组成
2. divide…into… 把……分成
3. at war (with…) （与……）交战中
4. break away ( from… ) 挣托（束缚）；脱离
5. educational / legal system 教育 / 立法制度
6. have a good / bad influence on … 对……有好/ 坏影响
7. take the place of 代替
8. break down (机器)破坏，损坏；（人）身体出毛病；（计划等）受挫，失败
9. make an error 出错
10. leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑
11. puzzle over / about 为…烦恼，困扰
12. debate sth. with sb. 与某人讨论、争辩
13. at your convenience 在你方便的时候
14. in / with relation to （介）关于……；和……相关
15. under construction 在建设中
词汇
1. consist of ＝ be made up of 由……组成 (没有进行时）
e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.＝Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.
2. 区别:
separate ... from (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来） divide...into 把…分开 （把整体分为若干部分）
e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups. The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.
3. debate about sth. e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days.
4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清；阐明;清楚；明了
e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation. Can you clarify the question
5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接
【习惯用语】
★ link A to B 将A和B连接起来
6. refer to
1)提及，指的是…… e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us
2) 参考；查阅；询问
e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.
3) 关系到；关乎 e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.
reference: n. 参考 e.g. reference books 参考书
7. to one's surprise (prep) “to one's + 名词” 表 “令某人……”
常见的名词有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等
e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.
8. ... found themselves united peacefully
“find +宾语＋宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语；不定式）”
e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.
You'll find him easy to get along with. They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.
9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….
e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.
get + n. + to do get + n. + doing
You'll get her to agree. I'll get the car going.
get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”
e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street.
10. break away (from sb / sth) 脱离；破除…
e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits. The man broke away from his guards.
break down (会谈)破裂，失败；(汽车等)出故障；(人的健康状况)变得恶劣；（情感）失控
e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning. His health broke down under the pressure of work.
break in 闯入；打岔
break off 中断，折断
break into 闯入
break out 爆发;发生
break up 驱散；分散，拆散
11. as well as 不仅…而且；既…又…
e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer. The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the street.
12. convenience: n.方便；便利 e.g. We bought this house for its convenience.
convenient: adj.
13. attraction:
1). 吸引；引力(不可数 n.) 2). 吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；精彩节目(可数 n.)
e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力 He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day.
A big city offers many and varied attractions. What are the principle attractions this evening
14. influence
1) v. 对…产生影响 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching
2)可数n. 产生影响的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school.
3) (不可数n.) 影响 e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.
Unit 3 Life in the Future
I. Phrases
1. make a deep/strong impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象 impress sb. with sth.= impress sth. on sb.使人记住某事
2. take up 拿起/占用/接受/开始/从事/继续/选修
speed up 加速 sweep up 打扫 / 横扫 /掠过 use up 用光 come up 过来 eat up 吃光
sit up 熬夜 / 坐正 turn up 出现 / 开大(音/水量)
3. remind sb. of sth. 使某人回想起某事 /提醒某人某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事
remind sb. that … 提醒某人……
4. as a result (of…) 结果 5. suffer from 遭受 6. be similar to 和…相似 7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事
8. the six of us 我们六人（共六人） 9. by/ for /through +( the / a ) lack of… 由于……的缺乏
be lacking in 缺乏(品质 /特点) lack for … 缺乏……
10. in no time 很快,立刻 11. on one’s feet (从病痛或挫折中)复原 12. in all directions 四面八方
13. Sb. lose / catch sight of …. 看不见 / 看见 Sb. / Sth. be in / out of sight 看得见 / 看不见
at first sight 第一眼 at the sight of… 一看见……就……
14. provided A with B 向A提供B 15. plenty of + [u] / [c] 许多 16. be previous to … 早于……
pare A with B compare A to B 把A与B作比较，把A比喻作B
18. for health reasons 出于健康原因 19. bend the rules 变通,放宽 20. on earth 究竟，到底
21. be under repair 在维修中 22. search for … 寻找
23. assist sb. in /with sth. = assist sb. in doing sth. = assist sb. to do sth. 帮忙,协助某人去做某事
24. go soft 变软 25. speak in whisper 低声地说 26. be optimistic about … 对……乐观
27. switch on / off the power 开 /关电源 28.explain to sb. sth.= explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
29. give off 发出（光/热等） 30. get / be caught in … 被困在……中
31. require sb. to do sth. =require that sb. (should ) do sth.要求某人做某事 Sth. require doing / to be done 某物需要被
32. be supposed to do 应该 33. be equipped with … 装备有…… 34. be essential for / to … 对……是必要的
词汇：
1. impression n. 印记；印象；感想；后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 从句；
e.g. My first impression of him was favourable.他给我的第一印象不错。
I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 我觉得他们不满于当时的状况。
知识拓展：impress v.给……留下深刻的印象；使铭记；使感动；常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给……留下深刻的印象；使铭记；
2. remind v.提醒；使想起；常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事；remind sb.＋(that)/wh-从句 提醒某人……；使某人想起……；remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到……；提醒某人某事
e.g. I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me 很抱歉，我记不起你的名字，你能提醒我一下吗？
You remind me of your father when you say that. 你说这样的话使我想起了你的父亲。
知识拓展：reminder n.提醒物；引起回忆的事物
3. constantly adv.始终；一直；重复不断地 e.g. Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。
知识拓展：constant adj.连续发生的；不断的；重复的；
4. previous adj.先前的；以往的；（时间上）稍前的
e.g. No previous experience is necessary for this job. 这一工作无需相关的经验。
知识拓展：previously adv. 先前的；早先
e.g. The building had previously been used as a hotel. 这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。
5. bend v.（bent bent）弯曲；使弯曲；弯腰；弯身；常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事；
bend sb.to sth. 迫使；说服 bend the truth 歪曲事实
e.g. It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不容易。
6. press v. 压；按；推；挤；坚持；敦促 n. 报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界
e.g. She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手绢捂住鼻子。
She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板。
7. switch n. & v. 用作名词表示“开关；转换”。用作动词表示“转换”。
e.g. She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.
第一个孩子出生后，她就由全日工作改为非全日工作。
Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按这两个键就可以在屏幕上的文件之间进行切换。
I can't work next week, will you switch with me 下个周末我不能上班，咱俩换个班好不好？
8. lack n. & v. 用作名词，表示：“缺乏；短缺”；用作动词，表示：“缺乏；短缺；没有；不足”。
e.g. a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能 He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。
知识拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏；没有；匮乏；不足
9. surroundings n.[pl.] 环境；surround v. 围绕；环绕 surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
e.g. Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 人人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。
启发学生思考问题，哪些单词用作名词时常用复数形式？
10. catch/gain/get sight of 发现，看出
lose sight of 看不见,忘记 lose one's sight 失明
at first sight 一见就；乍看起来 At first sight, the problem seems easy.
at (the) sight of 一看见就…… At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away.
be in sight 看得见，在眼前 The island is still in sight.
out of sight 看不见 Out of sight, out of mind.
11. take up
to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用（时间）；占据（空间）
to learn to or start to do sth 开始做（某项工作）；开始从事
to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受（建议或能得到的东西）
e.g. The table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地儿。
They have taken up golf. 他们学起打高尔夫球来了。
She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。
12. sweep up 打扫；清扫；横扫；涌向；快速地抱起
e.g. He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把将孩子抱进怀里。
Unit 4 Making the News
I. Phrases
1. be curious about 对……感到好奇
2.be to do 必将 / 将要 / 应该
3.go out on a story 外出采访
4. on one’s own 独自，*自己
of one’s own 自己的……
5. concentrate on 集中精力于……
6. be of interest = be interesting 有趣的
7. bring …with … 随身携带
8. have a nose for… 对……非常敏感
9. depend on 依赖
10. a trick of the trade 职业诀窍
11. accuse sb. of sth.= charge sb. with sth. 指控某人做某事
12. so as to do sth.(句中) 为了……
13. be supposed to have done 理应当 / 被认为做过某事
14. look forward to (doing) sth. 盼望做某事
15. be eager to do sth. /for sth. 渴望做……/……
16. get the wrong end of the stick 完全搞错了
17. tell the whole truth 说出全部真相
18. ahead of 在……前头
19. set (out)to do/ set about doing 着手做某事
20. pass… on to… 把……传递给……
21. make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会，预约
22. polish the style 润色语言风格
23. be / get absorbed in 专心于，集中精力于
24. in turn 依次，逐个地
25. defend…against… 为某人辩护
26. note down 记下
27.cover sth. / interview sb.报道某事 / 采访某人
28. do some research on… 对……做调查
29. work on 从事
30. last of all 最后
31. on purpose / by accident 故意地 / 偶然,意外地
32. arrange an interview (with sb. )安排采访
33. stick to 坚持
34. A rather than B A而不是B
35. account for 解释
36. through sb.’s analysis 通过某人的分析
词汇：
1. concentrate vi. 聚精会神，集中思想，多与 on 和 upon 或连用 Concentrate on your work. 集中精神工作。
e.g. A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.开车时驾驶员的注意力要集中在路上。
e.g.Industrial development is being concentrated in the west of the country.这个国家的西部正集中发展工业。
2. acquire vt. 获得, 学到，取得，拥有 acquired, acquiring
e.g. She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study.她认真学习而精通英语。
Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in born.
抽烟喝酒往往是一种后来习得的嗜好，并不是生来就有的。
3. accuse sb. of doing sth. 指责，指控 accused, accusing
e.g. The police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀。He was wrongly accused of stealing. 他误遭控告犯偷盗罪.
4. be of interest/ importance, value, use, help, ... = interesting/important/valuable/useful/helpful...
e.g. This is a matter of great importance. 这是一件非常重要的事。
The book is of great value to me. 这本书对我来说有很大价值。
5. journalist n.新闻记者；新闻工作者
e.g. He is a professional journalist ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). 他是一位专门的新闻从业人员
6. delighted a. 高兴的, 快乐的
e.g. I am really delighted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). 我真的很高兴。
【词语联想】
delight n. 高兴, 愉快 ； vt. 使高兴, 乐于； vi. 感到高兴(或愉快、快乐)
e.g.Singing is her chief delight. 唱歌是她的主要爱好。
【习惯用语】
take delight in 喜爱, 以...为乐
find delight in 喜爱, 以...为乐
have delight in 喜爱, 以...为乐
to sb.'s delight 令人高兴的是...
7. assist n. 帮助, 协助； vt. 帮助, 促进； vi. 协助, 参加
【习惯用语 】
assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人[做某事]
assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人[做某事]
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人[做某事]
◆ 区别: help, aid, assist 都含"帮助"、"援助"的意思。
help 系常用词, 意义较aid, assist 强, 指"以积极态度给予各方面的帮助", 强调"受助者得到帮助或好处", 并着重"受助者对帮助的需要"
e.g. Please help me arrange these papers.请帮我整理这些文件。
aid 属较正式用语, 强调"帮助受助者脱离困难或危险", 有时意味着"强者援助弱者"
e.g. They aided flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。
assist是正式用语, 多指"在提供帮助时, 帮助者起次要或起协助作用"
e.g. She assisted him in his experiments.
她协助他做实验。
8. case n. 情况，事实
e.g. Is that the case？是这么回事吗？
【习惯用语】
a hard case 无可救药或顽固不化的人; 难对付的人、处境困难或可怜的人、难办的事; 难治之症、古里古怪冒冒失失的家伙
as is often the case 这是常有的事
in any case 无论如何, 总之
in case of 万一..., 如果发生...
in no case 决不
in that case
in this case 假如这样的话
It is not the case… 情况不是这样; 并非事实。
This is not the case… 情况不是这样; 并非事实。
That is not the case… 情况不是这样; 并非事实。
just in case 以防(万一)
Unit 5 First aid
I.Phrases
1. give / offer / do first aid to sb
perform / carry out first aid on sb. 对某人实施急救
2. fall ill 生病
3. get injured / infected / burned 受伤 / 感染 / 烧伤
4. save one’s life 挽救某人的生命
5. sense of touch 触觉
6. electric shock 触电；电休克
7. take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞
8. squeeze out 榨出；挤出
9. over and over again 反复；多次
10. in place 在适当的位置；适当
11. put one’s hands on 找到
12. present sb. with sth.
present sth. to sb. 赠予/ 给予某人某物
13. a piece of jewellery 一件珠宝
14. cause / do damage to…. 使……受到危害/ 损害
15. a number of +n. (pl. ) 若干；许多
16. stick sth. to… 贴在…….上
17. make a difference 区别
词汇：
1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 给予伤员的急救。
短语联想
give/offer aid 援助 come to sb's aid 帮助某人 teaching aids 教具
medical aid 医疗救护 with the aid of 借助于
get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如：
The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候，电脑碰坏了。
My bike is getting (is being)repaired row. 我的自行车正在修理。
2. Protect 动词，“保护、维护”，用于句式“protect + 名词 + against/from + 名词”。例如：
e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. 他带着太阳镜以挡强烈的阳光。
【短语联想】
Keep... from... 不让/避免
stop... (from) ... 阻止
prevent...(from) ... 妨碍/防止
disable... from... 使……失去（能力/资格）
save... from... 挽救、拯救
3.depend on 取决于。例如：
e.g. The amount you pay depends on where you live. 你付多少取决于你住哪里。
词义拓展
depend on 依靠，依赖His family depends on him. 他的一家人全靠他养活。
依赖，信任We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday.相信你在星期五前能完成这项工作。
4. squeeze 动词，意思是“榨取”、“挤出”，例如：squeeze an orange 榨橘子
常用句式
squeeze + 名词 + out(of/from) + 名词，例如：
e.g. Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more money out of him.那些勒索者打算向他榨取更多的钱。
over and over again 再三地。例如： I’ve told you over and over again not to do that.我再三告诫你不要那样做。
5. hurt 既可作及物动词，作“伤害”、“使受伤”解，也可作不及物动词，作“疼痛”、“感到疼痛”解。既可表达身体的受伤，也可以表达情感的伤害。例如：
e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself. 小男孩从梯子上摔了下来 受了伤。
The driver hurt himself in the accident. 司机在事故中受了伤。
6. unless 除非……；如果不……。
7. icy adj. 冰凉的
-y 是个形容词后缀。如：
windy 有风的 hilly 多小山的 sleepy 困倦的
greeny 略呈绿色 spicy 辛辣的 woody 树木茂密的
thirsty 饥渴的 dirty 脏的 snowy 下雪的
8. in place 放在适当的地方。如：
e.g. The librarian put the returned books in place. 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。
Yon'd better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things. 你最好把你的东西放好，不然很难找。
9. sense n. 感觉
sense of touch 触觉 sense of sight 视觉 sense of hearing 听觉
sense of smell 嗅觉 sense of humour 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感
sense of hunger 饥饿感 the sixth sense 第六感
10. variety n. 多样, 种类,
【习惯用语】
★ a variety of… 各种各样……
【词语联想】
various a. 不同的, 各种的, 多方面的, 许多的
e.g. Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons.
由于种种原因,每个人赴会都迟到了。
英语作文句型
句型1表示原因
1.There are three reasons for this． 2.The reasons for this are as follows．
3.The reason for this is obvious． 4.The reason for this is not far to seek．
5.The reason for this is that．．． 6.We have good reason to believe that．．．
句型2 如此建议
1. Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
2.Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
3. Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
4.We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world．
5.We‘d better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams．
6.The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．
7.Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks．
句型3 如此开头
用于句首提出论题或现象的句型
问题的常用词：question, problem, issue
1. Recently, the issue of …… has been brought into public focus.近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
2. Recently the issue of whether or not … has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关
3. The issue whether it is good or not to …. has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.
______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
4. At present, some people think ….while others claim …Both sides have their merits.
目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。
5. When asked …, some people think….. while some prefer…说到_____，有人认为______，而另一些人则认为______。
6. When it comes to …, most people believe that …, but other people regard …as ….
提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.
7.When faced with…., quite a few people claim that …., but other people think as…
提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。
8. Nowadays there is a growing concern for … 9.Nowadays it is common to hear /see …
10.Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face .
句型4 如此比较（表示观点对比类写作套语）
关键词：opinion / view / attitude /hold / take / have / adopt
1.总起:
(1) Different people hold different opinions. (2) Opinions on whether… are divided into two groups.
(3) People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards … (4) People have different opinions on this problem.
(5) People take different views on this question.
2.表达观点一:
(1) …of them hold the opinion that …. (2) …of them are in favor of the idea that…
(3) People who are for/against the idea think
3. 表达不同观点之间的衔接:
(1) However, …of them hold a different view. / …of them hold the opposite opinion.
(2) People who are against it don’t think so. (3) However, each coin has two sides.
(4) Different from those…., …people think …. (5)On the other hand, … people object that ….
4.两种观点的对照
(1) There are different opinions among people as to … Some believe … while others hold …
(2) Some people believe … Others maintain … Still others claim …
(3) Some people suggest … Others , however , hold the opposite opinion .
(4) On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel …
(5) Some people claim that A is superior to B. Others , however , disagree with it.
(6) On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel …
(7) Some people argue that … Others , in contrast , believe that …
(8) Although more and more people come to believe … there are still others who insist that …
(9) On the contrary , there are people in favor of …
(10) There are some people who hold different opinions about …
句型5 如此结束
1.From what has been discussed / mentioned above , we may conclude that …
2.Therefore , it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that …
3.It is high time that something was done about …
4.From all the reasons / consideration above , it is evident / clear / obvious that …
5.Taking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that …
6.Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined(概述 )/ discussed /presented , I strongly recommend that …
7.It is clear , therefore , that …
8.All in all ,what really matters is , in fact , to …
9.It is essential that effective measure be taken to …
10.From what has been discussed above , we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion
that …
11. In conclusion ,the most important is …
12. On the whole , it is high time that every one …
13. As a result , we should take some effective steps to …
14. Judging by the figures / statistics , it is not difficult to see that …
15. Only in this way / in doing so, can we really …
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Unit 1 Great scientists
I. Phrases
1. put forward 提出
2. draw a conclusion 得出结论
3. be/get under control 在……控制下
be/get out of control失去控制，不能操纵
4. be absorbed in 专心
5. be to blame 应该受责备（用主动形式表示被动）
blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人
6. in addition 也，另外，此外
7. link...to... 将…和…连接或联系起来
8. die of 因…而死亡（内因）
die from 因…而死亡（外因）
9. lead to 导致，通向
10. make sense 有意义，说得通
11. apart from 除…之外，此外
12. contribute to 为…作贡献或捐款，导致，有助于
13. be enthusiastic about 对…热情
14. be curious about 对…好奇
15. cure sb. of illness 治好某人…病
16. point of view 态度，观点，看法
17.（be）strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
2.词汇：
1. put forward: 提出（计划、建议等）；将…提前；把钟表拨快
e.g. He put forward a good plan for this project. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。
Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟表拨快十分钟。
【词语联想】
put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄
put down: 放下；写下，记下
put off: 推迟；延期
put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧）
e.g. put on weight: 增加了体重
put on a new play: 上演新戏剧
put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷）
e.g. put up a poster: 张贴海报
put up a tent: 搭起帐篷
2. conclude: v. 作结论，断定
e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。
conclusion: n. 结论
【习惯用语】
★ draw a conclusion 作出结论
3. defeat vt.打败, 击败, 战胜； 使(希望, 计划等)失败, 挫败; 阻挠, 使无效
e.g. He finally conceded defeat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). 他最终承认了失败 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )。
◆ 区别: defeat, conquer, overcome
defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”, e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人。
conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”,如: e.g. conquer nature 征服自然。
overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, e.g. overcome difficulties 克服困难。
4. attend: v.
1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, lecture...) 出席；参加
e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定亲自赴会。
2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾；看护。 e.g. Which doctor is attending to (on) you 哪位医生护理你？
3）to go with 伴随 e.g. The work was attended with much difficulty. 这项工作带来许多困难。
5. expose...to... e.g.They had to be exposed to the enemy's gunfire.他们不得不冒着敌人的炮火。
6. blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人 e.g. He blamed the boy for his mistake.
★ be to blame: 应受责备，应负责任 Who is to blame for the mistake？这个错误应归咎于谁？
7. in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相当于 besides, what's more
e.g. I paid 100 Yuan in addition. 我又付了 100 元。
In addition to English, he has to study a second language.除了英语以外，他还要学习第二外国语。
◆ 区别: in addition to, except, besides,beside in addition to：除…之外，还有…，表示递进关系。
e.g. The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期，还有免费午餐。
except: 除…之外，表示在整体中排除，e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除我以外所有人都收到了请柬.
besides表示“除了……以外，还有……”，与in addition to 同义，
e.g. Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.王先生也去了。
We all agreed besides him.我们都同意, 他也同意。
beside : 在…旁边。表示方位。 e.g. Lily sits beside me in class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边。
同义句转换
1）He speaks French as well as English. e.g. He speaks French in addition to/besides English.
2) Apart from the salary, it’s not a bad job. e.g. In addition to/Except the salary, it’s not a bad job.
8. announce: 公布；宣告 e.g. He announced his decision. 他宣布了他的决定。
9. absorb v.
1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。
【习惯用语】
2）专心于
★ be absorbed in sth: 专心的，全神贯注的
The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注的阅读一篇故事。
10. challenge n.挑战; 挑战书; 邀请比赛; 要求决斗 vt. 向...挑战, 要求, 怀疑 ; vi. 挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议
e.g. meet the serious challenge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) 面对严峻挑战 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
unit 2 The United Kingdom
I. Phrases
1. consist of 由……组成
2. divide…into… 把……分成
3. at war (with…) （与……）交战中
4. break away ( from… ) 挣托（束缚）；脱离
5. educational / legal system 教育 / 立法制度
6. have a good / bad influence on … 对……有好/ 坏影响
7. take the place of 代替
8. break down (机器)破坏，损坏；（人）身体出毛病；（计划等）受挫，失败
9. make an error 出错
10. leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑
11. puzzle over / about 为…烦恼，困扰
12. debate sth. with sb. 与某人讨论、争辩
13. at your convenience 在你方便的时候
14. in / with relation to （介）关于……；和……相关
15. under construction 在建设中
词汇
1. consist of ＝ be made up of 由……组成 (没有进行时）
e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.＝Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.
2. 区别:
separate ... from (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来） divide...into 把…分开 （把整体分为若干部分）
e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups. The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.
3. debate about sth. e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days.
4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清；阐明;清楚；明了
e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation. Can you clarify the question
5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接
【习惯用语】
★ link A to B 将A和B连接起来
6. refer to
1)提及，指的是…… e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us
2) 参考；查阅；询问
e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.
3) 关系到；关乎 e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.
reference: n. 参考 e.g. reference books 参考书
7. to one's surprise (prep) “to one's + 名词” 表 “令某人……”
常见的名词有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等
e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.
8. ... found themselves united peacefully
“find +宾语＋宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语；不定式）”
e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.
You'll find him easy to get along with. They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.
9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….
e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.
get + n. + to do get + n. + doing
You'll get her to agree. I'll get the car going.
get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”
e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street.
10. break away (from sb / sth) 脱离；破除…
e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits. The man broke away from his guards.
break down (会谈)破裂，失败；(汽车等)出故障；(人的健康状况)变得恶劣；（情感）失控
e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning. His health broke down under the pressure of work.
break in 闯入；打岔
break off 中断，折断
break into 闯入
break out 爆发;发生
break up 驱散；分散，拆散
11. as well as 不仅…而且；既…又…
e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer. The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the street.
12. convenience: n.方便；便利 e.g. We bought this house for its convenience.
convenient: adj.
13. attraction:
1). 吸引；引力(不可数 n.) 2). 吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；精彩节目(可数 n.)
e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力 He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day.
A big city offers many and varied attractions. What are the principle attractions this evening
14. influence
1) v. 对…产生影响 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching
2)可数n. 产生影响的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school.
3) (不可数n.) 影响 e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.
Unit 3 Life in the Future
I. Phrases
1. make a deep/strong impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象 impress sb. with sth.= impress sth. on sb.使人记住某事
2. take up 拿起/占用/接受/开始/从事/继续/选修
speed up 加速 sweep up 打扫 / 横扫 /掠过 use up 用光 come up 过来 eat up 吃光
sit up 熬夜 / 坐正 turn up 出现 / 开大(音/水量)
3. remind sb. of sth. 使某人回想起某事 /提醒某人某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事
remind sb. that … 提醒某人……
4. as a result (of…) 结果 5. suffer from 遭受 6. be similar to 和…相似 7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事
8. the six of us 我们六人（共六人） 9. by/ for /through +( the / a ) lack of… 由于……的缺乏
be lacking in 缺乏(品质 /特点) lack for … 缺乏……
10. in no time 很快,立刻 11. on one’s feet (从病痛或挫折中)复原 12. in all directions 四面八方
13. Sb. lose / catch sight of …. 看不见 / 看见 Sb. / Sth. be in / out of sight 看得见 / 看不见
at first sight 第一眼 at the sight of… 一看见……就……
14. provided A with B 向A提供B 15. plenty of + [u] / [c] 许多 16. be previous to … 早于……
pare A with B compare A to B 把A与B作比较，把A比喻作B
18. for health reasons 出于健康原因 19. bend the rules 变通,放宽 20. on earth 究竟，到底
21. be under repair 在维修中 22. search for … 寻找
23. assist sb. in /with sth. = assist sb. in doing sth. = assist sb. to do sth. 帮忙,协助某人去做某事
24. go soft 变软 25. speak in whisper 低声地说 26. be optimistic about … 对……乐观
27. switch on / off the power 开 /关电源 28.explain to sb. sth.= explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
29. give off 发出（光/热等） 30. get / be caught in … 被困在……中
31. require sb. to do sth. =require that sb. (should ) do sth.要求某人做某事 Sth. require doing / to be done 某物需要被
32. be supposed to do 应该 33. be equipped with … 装备有…… 34. be essential for / to … 对……是必要的
词汇：
1. impression n. 印记；印象；感想；后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 从句；
e.g. My first impression of him was favourable.他给我的第一印象不错。
I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 我觉得他们不满于当时的状况。
知识拓展：impress v.给……留下深刻的印象；使铭记；使感动；常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给……留下深刻的印象；使铭记；
2. remind v.提醒；使想起；常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事；remind sb.＋(that)/wh-从句 提醒某人……；使某人想起……；remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到……；提醒某人某事
e.g. I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me 很抱歉，我记不起你的名字，你能提醒我一下吗？
You remind me of your father when you say that. 你说这样的话使我想起了你的父亲。
知识拓展：reminder n.提醒物；引起回忆的事物
3. constantly adv.始终；一直；重复不断地 e.g. Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。
知识拓展：constant adj.连续发生的；不断的；重复的；
4. previous adj.先前的；以往的；（时间上）稍前的
e.g. No previous experience is necessary for this job. 这一工作无需相关的经验。
知识拓展：previously adv. 先前的；早先
e.g. The building had previously been used as a hotel. 这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。
5. bend v.（bent bent）弯曲；使弯曲；弯腰；弯身；常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事；
bend sb.to sth. 迫使；说服 bend the truth 歪曲事实
e.g. It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不容易。
6. press v. 压；按；推；挤；坚持；敦促 n. 报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界
e.g. She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手绢捂住鼻子。
She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板。
7. switch n. & v. 用作名词表示“开关；转换”。用作动词表示“转换”。
e.g. She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.
第一个孩子出生后，她就由全日工作改为非全日工作。
Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按这两个键就可以在屏幕上的文件之间进行切换。
I can't work next week, will you switch with me 下个周末我不能上班，咱俩换个班好不好？
8. lack n. & v. 用作名词，表示：“缺乏；短缺”；用作动词，表示：“缺乏；短缺；没有；不足”。
e.g. a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能 He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。
知识拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏；没有；匮乏；不足
9. surroundings n.[pl.] 环境；surround v. 围绕；环绕 surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
e.g. Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 人人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。
启发学生思考问题，哪些单词用作名词时常用复数形式？
10. catch/gain/get sight of 发现，看出
lose sight of 看不见,忘记 lose one's sight 失明
at first sight 一见就；乍看起来 At first sight, the problem seems easy.
at (the) sight of 一看见就…… At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away.
be in sight 看得见，在眼前 The island is still in sight.
out of sight 看不见 Out of sight, out of mind.
11. take up
to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用（时间）；占据（空间）
to learn to or start to do sth 开始做（某项工作）；开始从事
to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受（建议或能得到的东西）
e.g. The table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地儿。
They have taken up golf. 他们学起打高尔夫球来了。
She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。
12. sweep up 打扫；清扫；横扫；涌向；快速地抱起
e.g. He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把将孩子抱进怀里。
Unit 4 Making the News
I. Phrases
1. be curious about 对……感到好奇
2.be to do 必将 / 将要 / 应该
3.go out on a story 外出采访
4. on one’s own 独自，*自己
of one’s own 自己的……
5. concentrate on 集中精力于……
6. be of interest = be interesting 有趣的
7. bring …with … 随身携带
8. have a nose for… 对……非常敏感
9. depend on 依赖
10. a trick of the trade 职业诀窍
11. accuse sb. of sth.= charge sb. with sth. 指控某人做某事
12. so as to do sth.(句中) 为了……
13. be supposed to have done 理应当 / 被认为做过某事
14. look forward to (doing) sth. 盼望做某事
15. be eager to do sth. /for sth. 渴望做……/……
16. get the wrong end of the stick 完全搞错了
17. tell the whole truth 说出全部真相
18. ahead of 在……前头
19. set (out)to do/ set about doing 着手做某事
20. pass… on to… 把……传递给……
21. make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会，预约
22. polish the style 润色语言风格
23. be / get absorbed in 专心于，集中精力于
24. in turn 依次，逐个地
25. defend…against… 为某人辩护
26. note down 记下
27.cover sth. / interview sb.报道某事 / 采访某人
28. do some research on… 对……做调查
29. work on 从事
30. last of all 最后
31. on purpose / by accident 故意地 / 偶然,意外地
32. arrange an interview (with sb. )安排采访
33. stick to 坚持
34. A rather than B A而不是B
35. account for 解释
36. through sb.’s analysis 通过某人的分析
词汇：
1. concentrate vi. 聚精会神，集中思想，多与 on 和 upon 或连用 Concentrate on your work. 集中精神工作。
e.g. A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.开车时驾驶员的注意力要集中在路上。
e.g.Industrial development is being concentrated in the west of the country.这个国家的西部正集中发展工业。
2. acquire vt. 获得, 学到，取得，拥有 acquired, acquiring
e.g. She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study.她认真学习而精通英语。
Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in born.
抽烟喝酒往往是一种后来习得的嗜好，并不是生来就有的。
3. accuse sb. of doing sth. 指责，指控 accused, accusing
e.g. The police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀。He was wrongly accused of stealing. 他误遭控告犯偷盗罪.
4. be of interest/ importance, value, use, help, ... = interesting/important/valuable/useful/helpful...
e.g. This is a matter of great importance. 这是一件非常重要的事。
The book is of great value to me. 这本书对我来说有很大价值。
5. journalist n.新闻记者；新闻工作者
e.g. He is a professional journalist ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). 他是一位专门的新闻从业人员
6. delighted a. 高兴的, 快乐的
e.g. I am really delighted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). 我真的很高兴。
【词语联想】
delight n. 高兴, 愉快 ； vt. 使高兴, 乐于； vi. 感到高兴(或愉快、快乐)
e.g.Singing is her chief delight. 唱歌是她的主要爱好。
【习惯用语】
take delight in 喜爱, 以...为乐
find delight in 喜爱, 以...为乐
have delight in 喜爱, 以...为乐
to sb.'s delight 令人高兴的是...
7. assist n. 帮助, 协助； vt. 帮助, 促进； vi. 协助, 参加
【习惯用语 】
assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人[做某事]
assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人[做某事]
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人[做某事]
◆ 区别: help, aid, assist 都含"帮助"、"援助"的意思。
help 系常用词, 意义较aid, assist 强, 指"以积极态度给予各方面的帮助", 强调"受助者得到帮助或好处", 并着重"受助者对帮助的需要"
e.g. Please help me arrange these papers.请帮我整理这些文件。
aid 属较正式用语, 强调"帮助受助者脱离困难或危险", 有时意味着"强者援助弱者"
e.g. They aided flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。
assist是正式用语, 多指"在提供帮助时, 帮助者起次要或起协助作用"
e.g. She assisted him in his experiments.
她协助他做实验。
8. case n. 情况，事实
e.g. Is that the case？是这么回事吗？
【习惯用语】
a hard case 无可救药或顽固不化的人; 难对付的人、处境困难或可怜的人、难办的事; 难治之症、古里古怪冒冒失失的家伙
as is often the case 这是常有的事
in any case 无论如何, 总之
in case of 万一..., 如果发生...
in no case 决不
in that case
in this case 假如这样的话
It is not the case… 情况不是这样; 并非事实。
This is not the case… 情况不是这样; 并非事实。
That is not the case… 情况不是这样; 并非事实。
just in case 以防(万一)
Unit 5 First aid
I.Phrases
1. give / offer / do first aid to sb
perform / carry out first aid on sb. 对某人实施急救
2. fall ill 生病
3. get injured / infected / burned 受伤 / 感染 / 烧伤
4. save one’s life 挽救某人的生命
5. sense of touch 触觉
6. electric shock 触电；电休克
7. take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞
8. squeeze out 榨出；挤出
9. over and over again 反复；多次
10. in place 在适当的位置；适当
11. put one’s hands on 找到
12. present sb. with sth.
present sth. to sb. 赠予/ 给予某人某物
13. a piece of jewellery 一件珠宝
14. cause / do damage to…. 使……受到危害/ 损害
15. a number of +n. (pl. ) 若干；许多
16. stick sth. to… 贴在…….上
17. make a difference 区别
词汇：
1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 给予伤员的急救。
短语联想
give/offer aid 援助 come to sb's aid 帮助某人 teaching aids 教具
medical aid 医疗救护 with the aid of 借助于
get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如：
The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候，电脑碰坏了。
My bike is getting (is being)repaired row. 我的自行车正在修理。
2. Protect 动词，“保护、维护”，用于句式“protect + 名词 + against/from + 名词”。例如：
e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. 他带着太阳镜以挡强烈的阳光。
【短语联想】
Keep... from... 不让/避免
stop... (from) ... 阻止
prevent...(from) ... 妨碍/防止
disable... from... 使……失去（能力/资格）
save... from... 挽救、拯救
3.depend on 取决于。例如：
e.g. The amount you pay depends on where you live. 你付多少取决于你住哪里。
词义拓展
depend on 依靠，依赖His family depends on him. 他的一家人全靠他养活。
依赖，信任We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday.相信你在星期五前能完成这项工作。
4. squeeze 动词，意思是“榨取”、“挤出”，例如：squeeze an orange 榨橘子
常用句式
squeeze + 名词 + out(of/from) + 名词，例如：
e.g. Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more money out of him.那些勒索者打算向他榨取更多的钱。
over and over again 再三地。例如： I’ve told you over and over again not to do that.我再三告诫你不要那样做。
5. hurt 既可作及物动词，作“伤害”、“使受伤”解，也可作不及物动词，作“疼痛”、“感到疼痛”解。既可表达身体的受伤，也可以表达情感的伤害。例如：
e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself. 小男孩从梯子上摔了下来 受了伤。
The driver hurt himself in the accident. 司机在事故中受了伤。
6. unless 除非……；如果不……。
7. icy adj. 冰凉的
-y 是个形容词后缀。如：
windy 有风的 hilly 多小山的 sleepy 困倦的
greeny 略呈绿色 spicy 辛辣的 woody 树木茂密的
thirsty 饥渴的 dirty 脏的 snowy 下雪的
8. in place 放在适当的地方。如：
e.g. The librarian put the returned books in place. 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。
Yon'd better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things. 你最好把你的东西放好，不然很难找。
9. sense n. 感觉
sense of touch 触觉 sense of sight 视觉 sense of hearing 听觉
sense of smell 嗅觉 sense of humour 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感
sense of hunger 饥饿感 the sixth sense 第六感
10. variety n. 多样, 种类,
【习惯用语】
★ a variety of… 各种各样……
【词语联想】
various a. 不同的, 各种的, 多方面的, 许多的
e.g. Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons.
由于种种原因,每个人赴会都迟到了。
英语作文句型
句型1表示原因
1.There are three reasons for this． 2.The reasons for this are as follows．
3.The reason for this is obvious． 4.The reason for this is not far to seek．
5.The reason for this is that．．． 6.We have good reason to believe that．．．
句型2 如此建议
1. Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
2.Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
3. Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
4.We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world．
5.We‘d better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams．
6.The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．
7.Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks．
句型3 如此开头
用于句首提出论题或现象的句型
问题的常用词：question, problem, issue
1. Recently, the issue of …… has been brought into public focus.近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
2. Recently the issue of whether or not … has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关
3. The issue whether it is good or not to …. has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.
______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
4. At present, some people think ….while others claim …Both sides have their merits.
目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。
5. When asked …, some people think….. while some prefer…说到_____，有人认为______，而另一些人则认为______。
6. When it comes to …, most people believe that …, but other people regard …as ….
提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.
7.When faced with…., quite a few people claim that …., but other people think as…
提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。
8. Nowadays there is a growing concern for … 9.Nowadays it is common to hear /see …
10.Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face .
句型4 如此比较（表示观点对比类写作套语）
关键词：opinion / view / attitude /hold / take / have / adopt
1.总起:
(1) Different people hold different opinions. (2) Opinions on whether… are divided into two groups.
(3) People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards … (4) People have different opinions on this problem.
(5) People take different views on this question.
2.表达观点一:
(1) …of them hold the opinion that …. (2) …of them are in favor of the idea that…
(3) People who are for/against the idea think
3. 表达不同观点之间的衔接:
(1) However, …of them hold a different view. / …of them hold the opposite opinion.
(2) People who are against it don’t think so. (3) However, each coin has two sides.
(4) Different from those…., …people think …. (5)On the other hand, … people object that ….
4.两种观点的对照
(1) There are different opinions among people as to … Some believe … while others hold …
(2) Some people believe … Others maintain … Still others claim …
(3) Some people suggest … Others , however , hold the opposite opinion .
(4) On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel …
(5) Some people claim that A is superior to B. Others , however , disagree with it.
(6) On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel …
(7) Some people argue that … Others , in contrast , believe that …
(8) Although more and more people come to believe … there are still others who insist that …
(9) On the contrary , there are people in favor of …
(10) There are some people who hold different opinions about …
句型5 如此结束
1.From what has been discussed / mentioned above , we may conclude that …
2.Therefore , it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that …
3.It is high time that something was done about …
4.From all the reasons / consideration above , it is evident / clear / obvious that …
5.Taking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that …
6.Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined(概述 )/ discussed /presented , I strongly recommend that …
7.It is clear , therefore , that …
8.All in all ,what really matters is , in fact , to …
9.It is essential that effective measure be taken to …
10.From what has been discussed above , we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion
that …
11. In conclusion ,the most important is …
12. On the whole , it is high time that every one …
13. As a result , we should take some effective steps to …
14. Judging by the figures / statistics , it is not difficult to see that …
15. Only in this way / in doing so, can we really …
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