Unit 3 重要词汇解析
Kind
● kind 用作名词,意为“种类”。如:
What kind of animal do you like 你喜欢哪种动物?
kinds of意为“各种各样的”,后接可数名词的复数形式。如:
There are kinds of flowers in the park. 公园里有各种各样的花。
● kind 用作形容词,意为“友好的;亲切的”。如:
Mr Smith is always kind. 史密斯先生对人总是很友好。
词组be kind to sb. 意为“对某人亲切”。如:
Mr Wu is very kind to his students. 吴老师对他的学生很亲切。
● kind of的用法
kind of 用作状语,后接形容词或副词,用来表示程度,意为“有点儿;有几分”,相当于a little。如:
This apple is kind of big. 这个苹果有点儿大。
He does his homework kind of carefully. 他做作业时有几分细心。
【经典例句】
1. What kind of animals do you like 你喜欢哪种动物?
2. Mrs Green is always kind to us. 格林夫人对我们总是很友好。
3. This question is kind of difficult. =This question is a little difficult. 这个问题有点儿难。
4. I kind of love this TV show. 我有点儿喜欢这部电视剧。
【启发点拨】
●kind作名词,意为“种类”。常用短语kinds of意为“各种各样的”,后接可数名词的复数形式。如:kinds of colors 各种各样的颜色
●kind作形容词,意为“友好的;亲切的”,be kind to sb. 意为“对某人亲切”。如:
Julia is kind to the new student. 朱莉娅对这名新来的学生很友善。
●kind of意为“有几分;有点儿”,是一个表示程度的副词词组,可修饰形容词、动词等,相当于a little。
friendly
● 形容词friendly由名词friend加后缀-ly构成,用作表语或定语。如:
I think dogs are very friendly to people. 我认为狗对人类很友好。(作表语)
The friendly dolphins are my favorite animals. 友善的海豚是我最喜爱的动物。(作定语)
● friendly用于构成词组be friendly to sb.,意为“对某人友好”。如:
You should be friendly to your little brother. 你应当对你弟弟友好些。
● friendly用于构成词组be friendly with sb.,意为“与某人友好相处”。如:
I’m happy to hear that you are friendly with your brother. 听到你和你的弟弟友好相处我很高兴。
【经典例句】
1. A friendly dog is coming to us. 一条友好的狗向我们走来。
2. You should be friendly to Jack. 你应当对杰克友好些。
3. The students in our class are friendly with each other. 我们班的同学们彼此之间都很友好。
sleep
1. Please be quiet! The baby is sleeping now. 安静点儿!这个婴儿正在睡觉。
2. My father often has a short sleep at noon. 我爸爸经常在中午小睡一会儿。
【启发点拨】
●作动词,意为“睡;睡觉”,强调睡眠的持续状态。如:sleep badly 睡得不好
●作名词,意为“睡觉;睡眠”。如:go to sleep睡着;入睡
leaf 的意思为“树叶”,其复数形式为leaves。
扩展: 以f 或fe结尾的名词变成复数形式,先要把f 或fe变成v,再加es。以后我们将会陆续学到这种类型的名词。
Unit 3重点句型汇总
Section A
1. Let’s see the pandas first.
let’s是let us的缩写。let常用 let sb. do sth. 结构表示“让某人做某事”。如:
Let him do it by himself. 让他自己做吧。
first是副词,意为“首先;第一”,作状语,修饰动词或句子。如:
I think you should finish your homework first. 我认为你首先应完成作业。
2. —Why does he like koalas
—Because they’re kind of interesting.
why作疑问副词,意为“为什么”,引导表原因的句子,答句应以because开头。
—Why are you late 你为什么迟到了?
—Because my bike is broken. 因为我的自行车坏了。
kind of意为“有几分,有点儿”,是一个表示程度的副词词组,可修饰形容词、动词等。如:
That girl is kind of shy. 那个女孩有点儿害羞。
I kind of love this TV show. 我有几分喜欢这部电视剧。
Section B
1. She likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
play with意为“和……玩儿”。如:
He likes to play soccer with his friends. 他喜欢和朋友们一起踢足球。
grass是不可数名词,意为“草;草坪”,没有复数形式。
2. She’s very beautiful, but she’s very shy, so please be very quiet.
so是并列连词,用来连接两个表因果关系的句子。前面的分句表示原因,后面so引导的分句表示结果。如:I am tired, so I want to have a rest. 我累了,所以想休息。
3. Isn’t he cute
这是一个否定疑问句,其构成是 “be动词(情态动词或助动词)否定式 + 主语 + 其他”, 通常根据事实回答,但翻译时,一般将 “yes”译成 “不”,将 “no”译成 “是的”。
—Can’t you play chess 难道你不会下棋吗
—No, I can’t. 是的,我不会。
疑难解析
1. Let’s see the pandas first. 让我们先看熊猫吧。
(1) 这是一个祈使句,let’s为 let us的缩写,let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”。
Let him help you. 让他来帮助你。
(2) first 在句中用作副词,意为“首先”,first可以放在句首,也可以放在句末。
Let’s play basketball first. 我们先打篮球吧。
First let’s do our homework. 首先,我们做作业。
2. She likes to play with her friends and eat grass. 她喜欢和朋友们一起玩耍并且喜欢吃青草。
(1) like to do sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”,句中有两个并列的动词不定式 to play with her friend和 eat grass作like的宾语,后面的 eat grass省略了动词不定式符号。在英语中,当两个不定式并列作某一个动词的宾语时,后一个可省略不定式符号to。如:
She likes to play basketball and sing. 她喜欢打篮球和唱歌。
(2) play with sb. 意为“与……一起玩”, play with sth. 意为“玩……东西”。如:
He often plays with his sister. 他经常和他的妹妹一起玩。
Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。
3. He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.他白天睡觉,但是在晚上起来吃树叶。
(1) during the day 意为“在白天”,相当于in the day或 in the daytime。at night意为“在晚上”,night前不加冠词。如:
My father works at night and sleeps in the day. 我父亲晚上工作,白天睡觉。
(2) leaves是名词leaf 的复数形式。有些以f结尾的名词变为复数时,要把 f变为 v,再加-es。如:
knife→knives, life→lives等。
语法点滴
谈谈why引导的特殊疑问句
一、用来询问发生某一动作或存在某一情况的原因、理由,一般由because引导的状语从句来作答。如:
1. —Why do you like the lions 你为什么喜欢这些狮子?
—Because they’re very cute. 因为它们很可爱。
2. —Why do they want to go to China 他们为什么想要来中国?
—Because they want to learn Chinese. 因为他们想学习汉语。
注意:有时why引导的特殊疑问句可以和 What ... for ... 句式进行替换。如:
Why does he come here = What does he come here for 他为什么来这儿?
二、 用来表示向对方提出一种建议,常见的句型为:Why don’t you + 动词原形... (常可以简化为:Why not + 动词原形... ),其答语多用That’s a good idea!或Good idea!等。如:
1. —Why don’t you go to the park tomorrow (=Why not go to the park tomorrow ) 你明天为什么不去公园呢?
—Good idea! 好主意!
2. —Why don’t you buy a cake for your mother (=Why not buy a cake for your mother ) 你为什么不给你妈妈买块儿蛋糕呢?
—That’s a good idea! 好主意!
Unit 4 重点句型汇总
Section A
1. I work with people and money. People give me their money or get their money from me.
work with ... 意为“和……打交道”。如:
Do you like to work with young people 你喜欢和年轻人一起工作吗?
get sth. from sb. 意为“从某人那儿得到某物”。如:
I have come to get my bike from Jack. 我来向杰克要我的自行车。
money作不可数名词,意为“钱;货币”,一般可被some, much, a little等修饰。如:
The man has much money. 这个男人有许多钱。
2. Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
sometimes是频率副词,表示“有时”,类似的词还有usually, always,often, never等。如:
Sometimes I visit my friends on Sundays. 有时我星期天去看望朋友。
This street is usually quiet. 这条街通常很安静。
固定短语:in the day在白天;at night在晚上
3. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.
when引导的是一个时间状语从句。它所引导的从句既可放在主句后,也可放在主句前,放在主句前时,一般用逗号隔开。如:
When Ann’s parents aren’t at home, she is a little afraid. 当父母不在家时,安有点儿害怕。
go out to dinner意为“出去吃饭”。go out意为“出去”,与go out连用的词组还有go out for a walk“散步”等。
Section B
1. Then come and work for us as a ________.
work for意为“为……工作”。如课本中的句子:Do you work for a magazine
as作介词,意为“作为;当作”,后面常跟职业名词或表身份特征的名词。如:
My brother works as a policeman. 我哥哥是一名警察。
2. We are an international school for children of 5-12.
of 5-12作后置定语,修饰children,表示“5-12岁”。如:
They are girls of 12-15. 他们是12至15岁的女孩。
短语归纳
Unit 3
want to do sth 想要做某事
kind of稍微,有点,有些 = a bit = a little
South Africa 南非
like to do sth 喜欢做某事
play with和……一起玩,玩耍,玩弄
be quiet 保持安静 = keep quiet
during the day 在白天 = in the day
at night 在晚上 = in the night
get up 起床
20 hours every day 每天20个小时 = 20 hours a day
look at 看,瞧
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