高中英语人教版高考二轮语法专题： 第一部分 动词 课件 （189张 ppt）

(共189张PPT)
第一部分　词法篇—动词
语法专题
经典品味　洞察考向
专题精析　考点突破
内容索引
精选模拟　强化训练
经典品味　洞察考向
考查时态。文章叙述了熊猫妈妈对孩子的照顾，用了一般过去时，空格处也需用一般过去时且为主动形式，故用drive的过去式drove。
　考点一
动词的时态和语态
Ⅰ.语法填空考点聚焦
考向1　一般时的主动语态
1.However，it
stayed
with
her
and
learned
about
the
ways
of
the
forest.
Then，after
two
and
a
half
years，the
mother
(drive)
the
young
panda
away.(2016·四川)
典题
试做
drove
答案
解析
此处指这种循环日复一日地不断持续下去，由冒号后内容的时态可知这种情况是客观事实，故用一般现在时态。
2.This
cycle
(go)
day
after
day：The
walls
warm
up
during
the
day
and
cool
off
during
the
night
and
are
thus
always
a
timely
offset(抵消)
for
the
outside
temperatures.(全国Ⅱ)
答案
解析
goes
考查时态和被动语态。根据语境及allow
sb.
to
do
sth.这一用法可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态形式。
考向2　被动语态
1.So
it
was
a
great
honour
to
be
invited
backstage
at
the
not?-for?-profit
Panda
Base，where
ticket
money
helps
pay
for
research.I___________
(allow)
to
get
up
close
to
these
cute
animals
at
the
600-?acre
centre.
(全国Ⅰ)
答案
解析
was
allowed
根据句意筷子是被制造的。此处为含有情态动词的被动语态might
be
done。
2.Truly
elegant
chopsticks
might
(make)
of
gold
and
silver
with
Chinese
characters.(2016·全国Ⅲ)
答案
解析
be
made
考查时态和被动语态。大熊猫为世界各地的人们所喜爱是个客观事实，故用一般现在时；panda与love之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is
loved。
3.The
giant
panda
(love)
by
people
throughout
the
world.
(四川)
答案
解析
is
loved
根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般现在时。
Ⅱ.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)
考向1　文中前后时态不一致
1.It
is
always
crowded
with
customers
at
meal
times.
Some
people
even
had
to
wait
outside.
My
uncle
tells
me
that...(全国Ⅰ)
答案
解析
have
考查一般现在时的用法。我认为这是一个好主意。根据上下文可知，此处并不是过去的看法，而是现在的看法。
2.I
thought
that
it
is
a
good
idea.
It
does
not
cost
much，yet
we
can
still
learn
a
lot.(全国Ⅱ)
答案
解析
think
根据上下文可知此处应用一般过去时态。
3.However，my
parents
didn’t
seem
to
think
so.
They
always
tell
me
what
to
do
and
how
to
do
it.(全国Ⅲ)
答案
解析
told
根据主句内容my
father
would
lift
my
sister
可知while引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。故chat改成chatted。
4.While
they
chat，my
father
would
lift
my
sister
and
me
up
to
sit
on
the
top
of
the
fridge.(浙江)
答案
解析
chatted
5.Dad
and
I
planned
to
do
something
on
Mother’s
Day.
We
get
up
early
in
the
morning.
Dad
cleaned
the
house，and
then
went
shopping.(四川)
由前句中的planned和后句中的cleaned，went可知此处用一般过去时。
答案
解析
got
studies与show之间为主动关系，所以删除been。
考向2　谓语动词的结构形式错误
1.Lots
of
studies
have
been
shown
that
global
warming
has
already
become
a
very
serious
problem.(全国Ⅰ)
答案
解析
句子的主语为A
woman，谓语为saw，crying为宾补，and连接的是两个谓语，而不是两个宾补，所以telling改为told。
2.A
woman
saw
him
crying
and
telling
him
to
wait
outside
the
shop.
(全国Ⅱ)
答案
解析
told
was
scared
与
begun是由and连接的两个并列谓语，由was
scared可知应用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began，begun是其过去分词，所以begun改为began。
3.Tony
was
scared
and
begun
to
cry.(全国Ⅱ)
答案
解析
began
因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。因permit与reporter之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式作后置定语。
考点二　非谓语动词
Ⅰ.语法填空考点聚焦
考向1　作定语
1.But
my
connection
with
pandas
goes
back
to
my
days
on
a
TV
show
in
the
mid?-1980s，when
I
was
the
first
Western
TV
reporter_________
(permit)
to
film
a
special
unit
caring
for
pandas
rescued
from
starvation
in
the
wild.(全国Ⅰ)
答案
解析
permitted
不定式to
eat作定语，修饰前面的不定代词something。句意为：25天中，她寸步不离她的孩子，甚至不去找东西吃！
2.For
25
days，she
never
left
her
baby，not
even
to
find
something
______(eat)！(四川)
答案
解析
to
eat
句中已有谓语动词arranges，故应考虑此处填非谓语动词。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。
3.Abercrombie&Kent，a
travel
company
in
Hong
Kong，says
it
regularly
arranges
quick
getaways
here
for
people
_____(live)
in
Shanghai
and
Hong
Kong.(全国Ⅰ)
living
答案
解析
由句子结构可知，include后缺宾语，而include后需跟动名词作宾语。
考向2　作主语、宾语(补足语)或表语
1.My
ambassadorial
duties
will
include
(introduce)
British
visitors
to
the
120-?plus
pandas
at
Chengdu
and
others
at
a
research
centre
in
the
misty
mountains
of
Bifengxia.(全国Ⅰ)
答案
解析
introducing
句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，该句结构为It
takes＋时间＋to
do
sth.。
2.It
took
years
of
work
(reduce)
the
industrial
pollution
and
clean
the
water.(新课标全国Ⅰ)
答案
解析
to
reduce
3.In
addition
to
their
simple
beauty，what
makes
the
adobe
dwellings
admirable
is
their
ability
to
“air
condition”
a
house
without
(use)
electric
equipment.(全国Ⅱ)
介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。
答案
解析
using
4.I
heard
a
passenger
behind
me
shouting
to
the
driver，but
he
refused
(1)
(stop)
until
we
reached
the
next
stop.
Still，the
boy
kept
(2)
(ride).(新课标全国Ⅱ)
(1)refuse后接动词作宾语时，要用其不定式形式，即refuse
to
do
sth.“拒绝做某事”。
答案
解析
to
stop
(2)keep后接动名词作宾语，意为“继续做某事”。故填riding。
答案
解析
riding
5.One
morning，I
was
waiting
at
the
bus
stop，worried
about
_____
(be)
late
for
school.(新课标全国Ⅱ)
空格前面是介词about，后面的动词应使用v.?-ing形式，因此应填being。
答案
解析
being
考向3　作状语
1.Skilled
workers
also
combine
various
hardwoods
and
metal
________(create)
special
designs.(全国Ⅲ)
考查动词不定式作目的状语。句中已有谓语combine，故此处应考虑填非谓语动词，combine
various
hardwoods
and
metal的目的是to
create
special
designs，故填动词不定式。
答案
解析
to
create
2.The
Chinese
have
used
chopsticks
for
five
thousand
years.People
probably
cooked
their
food
in
large
pots，
(use)
twigs(树枝)
to
remove
it.(全国Ⅲ)
考查现在分词作方式状语。句中已有谓语cooked，且无其他连接词，use与主句主语存在主动关系，故填现在分词形式作方式状语。
答案
解析
using
考向4　祈使句及其他固定句式结构
1.It
could
be
anything—gardening，cooking，music，sports—but
whatever
it
is，
(make)
sure
it’s
a
relief
from
daily
stress
rather
than
another
thing
to
worry
about.(全国Ⅱ)
根据句子结构可知，此处为祈使句，故谓语要用动词原形。
答案
解析
make
2.If
you
find
something
you
love
doing
outside
of
the
office，you’ll
be
less
likely
(bring)
your
work
home.(全国Ⅱ)
固定表达be
likely
to
do...很可能做某事。
答案
解析
to
bring
3.When
a
new
day
breaks，the
walls
have
given
up
their
heat
and
are
now
cold
enough
______(cool)
the
house
during
the
hot
day；at
the
same
time，they
warm
up
again
for
the
night.(全国Ⅱ)
“形容词＋enough＋动词不定式”为一常用句式。
答案
解析
to
cool
Ⅱ.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)
考向1　主动与被动的混用
Every
day
he
makes
sure
that
fresh
vegetables
and
high
quality
oil
are
using
for
cooking.(全国Ⅰ)
考查被动语态。fresh
vegetables
and
high
quality
oil与use之间为被动关系。be
used
for被用于。
答案
解析
used
考向2　形容词化的现在分词与过去分词之间的混用
1.It
was
both
excited
and
frightening
to
be
up
there！(浙江)
it为这句话的形式主语，真正的主语是to
be
up
there，主语是物的时候，表语应该用现在分词形式的形容词。故excited改成exciting。
答案
解析
exciting
2.Mom
was
grateful
and
moving.(四川)
主语是Mom，故用?-ed形容词作表语。
答案
解析
moved
考向3　固定结构以及平行结构中非谓语动词的形式错误
1.I
showed
them
I
was
independent
by
wear
strange
clothes.
(全国Ⅲ)
此处用动名词作介词by的宾语。
答案
解析
wearing
2.He
would
ask
who
we
were
and
pretend
not
to
knowing
us.
(浙江)
pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式pretend
not
to
do。故knowing改成know。
答案
解析
know
3.We
can
choose
between
staying
at
home
and
take
a
trip.(全国Ⅱ)
此处为between...and...结构，根据前面的staying
at
home可知，此处也要用动名词形式，与前面保持一致。
答案
解析
taking
4.The
position
of
the
classroom
with
its
view
made
me
felt
like
I
was
dreaming.(浙江)
make后跟复合宾语，当宾补为动词且与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系时，用动词原形。
答案
解析
feel
5.I
enjoyed
sit
close
to
the
windows
and
looking
at
the
view.(浙江)
动词enjoy后要接动名词作宾语。
答案
解析
sitting
6.It’s
been
a
month
since
I
came
to
this
new
school
and
I
really
want
share
with
you
some
of
the
problems
I
have
been
experiencing.(四川)
want后跟带to的不定式作宾语。
答案
解析
∧
to
7.We’ve
been
spending
a
lot
of
time
sing
in
karaoke
bars.(四川)
spend
some
time
(in)
doing
sth.花费时间做某事。
答案
解析
singing
8.I
might
have
to
retire
again
next
year
just
get
some
more
of
these
biscuits.(陕西)
句意为：我也许明年得再退休一次，只是为了能得到更多的饼干。故此处用动词不定式表示目的。
答案
解析
∧
to
9.My
favorite
picture
at
the
party
is
of
my
coach
and
me
enjoy
the
biscuits
with
happy
laughter！(陕西)
分析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词是is，enjoy所表示的动作用来说明my
coach
and
me的状态，且它们之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
答案
解析
enjoying
10.
Have
tea
in
the
late
afternoon
provides
a
bridge
between
lunch
and
dinner，which
might
not
be
served
until
8
o’clock
at
night.
(新课标全国Ⅱ)
分析句式结构可知句子的主语应为Have
tea
in
the
late
afternoon这部分，动词原形不能作句子的主语，所以应该用动名词形式作主语。
答案
解析
Having
考点三　情态动词和虚拟语气
Ⅰ.语法填空考点聚焦
考向1　常见情态动词
Mum：Are
they
there?
Oh，my
goodness.
I
_____
have
put
them
in
there
when
the
phone
rang.(新课标全国样卷)
动词原形前常跟情态动词或助动词。根据句意，是对过去发生的动作的最有把握的猜测，故肯定句中用must
have
done形式。
答案
解析
must
Ⅱ.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)
考向1　情态动词后动词形式的错用
1.Then
he
and
my
mother
would
have
had
a
drink
while
she
prepared
dinner
and
they
would
talk
about
his
day
and
hers.(浙江)
考查情态动词基本用法。根据语境知，此处是描述的过去的一种习惯，故用would
do表示“过去常常做”。would
have
done表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。
答案
解析
2.We
must
found
ways
to
protect
our
environment.(全国Ⅰ)
情态动词后面要接动词原形。
答案
解析
find
考向2　虚拟语气中情态动词或谓语动词形式的错用
1.Some
classmates
suggest
we
can
go
to
places
of
interest
nearby.
(全国Ⅱ)
考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句的谓语动词要用should
do形式，should可以省略，故答案有两种改法。
答案
解析
should
或Some
classmates
suggest
we
can
go
to
places
of
interest
nearby.
2.If
you
are
me，would
you
talk
to
them？(四川)
此处是虚拟语气，表示与现在情况相反，所以要把are改为were。
答案
解析
were
一、动词在语法填空中的考查
在语法填空中，动词的考查主要考虑时态、语态、非谓语动词、语气、主谓一致等。近三年全国卷最常考的谓语动词是一般过去时或者主语是第三人称单数的一般现在时，并会涉及到主谓一致与虚拟语气的考查，情态动词还未考过；被动语态常会涉及一般现在时或一般过去时的被动语态；而非谓语动词主要考查其基本形式：to
do(即to＋原形)，doing(即-?ing形式)，done(即?-ed形式)。
完全
解读
应对策略
1.句中若缺少谓语，注意要考虑所给动词的时态和语态。
(1)判断时态首先要确定时间，然后根据动作发生的状态来判断应该运用哪种时态。有时也可以根据空格后和该句中已经存在的谓语动词的并列关系来确定时态。
(2)句中缺少谓语，且与主语存在被动关系，考虑根据时间和动作存在的方式，确定相应时态的被动语态。注意：只有及物动词才有被动语态。
2.如果句中已有谓语动词，并确定所给动词要填写为非谓语动词，就要考虑是v.?-ing形式、过去分词形式还是动词不定式。
分析非谓语动词在句中作何成分，再根据各非谓语动词特点确定填哪种形式。
(1)对于不定式的考查，需注意不定式的时态和语态，熟记常考跟不定式作宾语的动词以及一些常考句式。
(2)现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果或伴随，且与句子主语构成逻辑上的主动关系。另外，现在分词的一般式作状语，往往表示动作与谓语动词同时或相继发生；现在分词的完成式作时间状语，往往表示动作先于谓语动词发生。现在分词作定语表示动作的主动或正在进行；动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作；此外，应熟记能用动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语。
(3)过去分词可作状语、定语或补语，表示被动与完成；若作表语常考的为形容词性化的过去分词；过去分词不可作主语或宾语。
(4)独立主格和with复合结构的非谓语动词要考虑与复合宾语的逻辑关系。
3.对于情态动词在语法填空中的考查，主要注意情态动词的一般用法以及“情态动词＋have
done”；而对于虚拟语气的考查除了注意情态动词的选用，还需注意一般过去时与过去完成时在虚拟语气中的考查。
二、动词在短文改错中的考查
短文改错中对于谓语动词的考查点常会涉及到考查上下文时态不一致、被动语态漏掉be或过去分词拼写错误，句中出现多个谓语动词且无连词的错误；非谓语动词形式错误常会涉及本该用不定式或动名词却用了原形，不定式符号to的多用或少用也常考，在介词或某些动词后本应接动名词的却用了原形、本应用现在分词的却用了过去分词等。
情态动词与虚拟语气在短文改错中的考查常涉及情态动词后的动词形式错误或be动词遗漏，情态动词混用或虚拟语气中情态动词以及时态的错用。
应对策略
做动词类改错题时，需注意以下几个方面：
1.判断一般现在时与一般过去时是否错用;
2.and，but，so，or等并列连词前后的时态是否一致；
3.除了时态，还要注意主谓是否一致；
4.看是否考查虚拟语气；
5.看谓语部分是否缺少动词，特别是be动词；
6.看动词的形式是否正确，尤其是第三人称单数形式是否错用；
7.看主动语态和被动语态是否错用；
8.作主语或宾语不能用动词原形，通常改为?-ing形式或不定式。因在短文改错中，只能改一个词，如果主语是原形，就只能改为?-ing形式了；
9.熟记其后只能接?-ing或只能接to
do作宾语的动词；
10.介词后要用动词的?-ing形式。注意区分to是介词还是不定式符号；
11.熟记一些固定短语或句式中的非谓语动词形式；
12.根据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系来确定用-?ing形式还是用?-ed形式；
13.别混淆谓语动词与非谓语动词；
14.看句中情态动词是否运用正确；
15.看是否考查虚拟语气；若是考查虚拟语气，注意分清主句与分句中的时态关系以及不同句式中的虚拟语气构成形式。
专题精析　考点突破
专题1　动词的时态和语态
专题2　非谓语动词
专题3　情态动词和虚拟语气
专题1　动词的时态和语态
◆动词的时态和语态的形式
?
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
主动
被动
主动
被动
主动
被动
主动
被动
一般
do/
does
am/is/are
done
did
was/were
done
shall/
will
do
shall/will
be
done
should/would
do
should/
would
be
done
进行
am/is/are
doing
am/is/are
being
done
was/were
doing
was/were
being
done
shall/
will
be
doing
shall/will
be
being
done
should/would
be
doing
should/would
be
being
done
完成
have/
has
done
have/has
been
done
had
done
had
been
done
shall/will
have
done
shall/will
have
been
done
should/would
have
done
should/
would
have
been
done
完成
进行
have/
has
been
doing
had
been
doing
?
shall/will
have
been
doing
?
should/would
have
been
doing
?
◆动词时态的核心考点
1.一般现在时考点分析
(1)表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受时态限制)。
Time
and
tide
wait
for
no
man.
(2)表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
Ice
feels
cold.
These
oranges
taste
good.
They
always
care
for
each
other
and
help
each
other.
(3)表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时，如see，hear，smell，taste，feel，notice，agree，believe，like，hate，want，think，belong
to，seem等。
He
likes
his
bike.
All
the
students
here
belong
to
No.1
Middle
School.
(4)在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。
I’ll
write
to
her
when
I
have
time.
(5)少数用于表示起止或转移等的动词如come，go，leave，arrive，fly，return，start，begin，open，close，end，stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排肯定会出现的状态时，只用一般现在时。
The
shop
closes
at
11：00
p.m.
every
day.
Tomorrow
is
Wednesday.
2.一般过去时考点分析
(1)一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的具体时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示)；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事。
We
met
her
in
the
street
yesterday.
When
he
was
young，he
took
cold
baths
regularly.
I
didn’t
expect
to
see
you
studying
at
the
library.
(2)如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词仍用过去时。
He
told
me
he
read
an
interesting
novel
last
night.
(3)表示两个紧接着发生的动作，由以下词语连接，常用一般过去时。如：but，and，when，as
soon
as，immediately，the
moment，the
minute等。
He
bought
a
watch
but
lost
it.
The
moment
she
came
in，she
told
me
what
had
happened
to
her.
(4)常用一般过去时的句型。
Why
didn’t
you
think
of
that?
I
didn’t
notice
it.
I
forgot
to
tell
you
I
had
been
there
with
my
brother
before.
I
didn’t
recognize
him.
3.一般将来时考点分析
(1)表示未来的动作或状态，常用will/shall＋动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow，next
week等。
We
will
have
a
meeting
tomorrow.
We’ll
die
without
air
or
water.
(2)表示趋向行为的动词如come，go，start，begin，leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。
The
students
are
leaving
on
Sunday.
(3)一般将来时的其他表达方式be
going
to
do，be
to
do，be
about
to
do的用法及区别：
①be
going
to在口语中常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事、必然或很可能发生的事，也可用来表示自然现象。
The
railway
is
going
to
be
open
on
October
1st.
②be
to
do表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。
A
meeting
is
to
be
held
at
3：00
o’clock
this
afternoon.
You’re
to
be
back
before
five
o’clock.
③be
about
to
do表示“即将，正要”，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。
Autumn
harvest
is
about
to
start.
注意：be
going
to
do表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；shall/will
do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。be
going
to表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。
If
it
is
fine，we’ll
go
fishing.[√]
If
it
is
fine，we
are
going
to
go
fishing.[×]
4.现在进行时考点分析
(1)表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一定是讲话时正在进行的动作；表示近期特定的安排或计划；go，come等表示移动的动词可用进行时代替将来时；与always，often等频度副词连用，表示经常反复的行为或某种感彩。
He
is
working
on
a
paper.
She
is
teaching
English
and
learning
Chinese.
I
am
meeting
Mr.
Wang
tonight.
We
are
leaving
on
Friday.
The
girl
is
always
talking
loud
in
public.
(2)下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。
①表示心理状态、情感的动词：like，love，hate，care，remember，believe，want，mind，wish，agree，mean，need等。
②表示存在状态的动词：appear，exist，lie，remain，seem，belong
to等。
③表示行为结果的动词：allow，accept，permit，promise，admit，complete等。
④表示感官的动词：see，hear，notice，feel，smell，sound，taste，look等。
5.过去完成时考点分析
(1)常用过去完成时的几种情况。
①在by，by
the
end
of，by
the
time，until，before，since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句的句子中。
By
the
end
of
last
year，we
had
produced
20,000
cars.
The
train
had
left
before
we
reached
the
station.
②表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等，常用had
hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述动词的过去式接不定式的完成式，即：hoped/planned...＋to
have
done。
We
had
planned
to
finish
the
work
before
dark，but
we
were
held
up
by
a
heavy
rain.
③“时间名词＋before”在句中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词＋ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去时。
He
said
his
first
teacher
had
died
at
least
10
years
before.
Xiao
Hua
left
school
3
years
ago.
④在hardly/scarcely...when...，no
sooner...than...句式中，主句常用过去完成时，表示“一……就……”。当hardly，scarcely，no
sooner置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。
We
had
no
sooner
been
seated
than
the
bus
started.＝No
sooner
had
we
been
seated
than
the
bus
started.
(2)在before或after引导的时间状语从句中可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
After
he
(had)
left
the
room，the
boss
came
in.
We
arrived
home
before
it
snowed.
6.过去将来时考点分析
过去将来时表示从过去的观点来预计以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，这种时态常用于宾语从句中，主句常是一般过去时。
He
always
said
that
he
would
study
hard
at
that
time.
7.过去进行时考点分析
过去进行时表示在过去某个时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
He
was
reading
an
interesting
book
this
time
yesterday.
8.现在完成时考点分析
(1)现在完成时除可以和for，since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during/in/over
the
last(past)
few
years(months，weeks...)，in
recent
years，so
far，up
to
now等。
(2)下列句型中常用现在完成时。
It
is(has
been)＋一段时间＋since从句
This(That/It)
is
the
first(second...)
time
that＋现在完成时
This(That/It)
is
the
best/finest/most
interesting...＋that＋现在完成时
(3)在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替将来完成时。
I
shall
post
the
letter
as
soon
as
I
have
written
it.
If
you
have
done
the
experiment，you
will
realize
the
theory
better.
Don’t
get
off
the
bus
until
it
has
stopped.
9.注意几组时态的区别
(1)一般过去时与现在完成时：
①时间上有差异：凡含有过去时间的，如ago，last
year，just
now，the
other
day等均用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。
②结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。
(2)过去完成时与一般过去时：过去完成时强调的是“过去的过去”；如出现同一主语连续几个动作(“连谓”)的形式则只用一般过去时即可。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.This
proverb
is
saying
we
have
to
let
things
go
in
their
natural
course.
Being
too
anxious
to
help
an
event
develop
often
______(result)
in
the
contrary
to
our
intention.
2.By
the
time
you
have
finished
this
book，your
meal
(get)
cold.
3.I’ll
go
to
the
library
as
soon
as
I
finish
what
I
(do).
results
will
get
am
doing
题组训练1
4.Did
you
predict
that
many
students
(sign)
up
for
the
dance
competition?
5.In
order
to
find
the
missing
child，villagers
(do)
all
they
can
over
the
past
five
hours.
6.This
is
the
first
time
we
(see)
a
film
in
the
cinema
together
as
a
family.
have
been
doing
have
seen
would
sign
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题1处错误)
1.As
I
tell
you
last
time，I
made
three
new
friends
here.
2.My
soccer
coach
retired
last
week.
I
wanted
to
do
something
special
for
him
at
his
retirement
party.
My
mum
makes
the
best
biscuits
in
the
world，so
I
decide
to
ask
her
for
help.(2014·陕西)
3.I
was
taking
a
train
to
London’s
Victoria
Station.
I
had
noticed
that
the
carriage
was
noisy
and
filled
with
people.(2014·浙江)
told
decided
4.The
teacher
told
us
that
the
sun
rose
in
the
east.
5.Suddenly
Mary，my
best
friend，asking
me
to
let
her
copy
my
answers.
6.Do
you
want
to
know
why
we
move
last
week?
rises
asked
moved
7.I
knew
that
they
will
be
worried
about
me
because
I
was
so
far
away，and
that
my
mother
would
not
sleep
if
she
knew.
8.Thank
you
for
all
you
had
done
for
me.
Mom，though
I
may
not
often
say
it，I
do
love
you.
have
would
◆动词被动语态的核心考点
动词的被动语态的构成方式：be＋过去分词，口语中也用“get/become＋过去分词”表示。被动语态的基本用法：不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态；强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态(by短语有时可以省略)。
1.使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题
(1)主动变为被动时双宾语的变化。
My
friend
gave
me
an
interesting
book
on
my
birthday.
An
interesting
book
was
given
to
me
(by
my
friend)
on
my
birthday.
I
was
given
an
interesting
book
(by
my
friend)
on
my
birthday.
(2)主动变为被动时，宾语成主语；(作补语的)不定式前需加to(位置不变)。
The
boss
made
him
work
all
day
long.
He
was
made
to
work
all
day
long
(by
the
boss).
(3)短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。
The
children
were
taken
good
care
of
(by
her).
Your
pronunciation
and
spelling
should
be
paid
attention
to.
(4)情态动词，be
going
to，be
to，be
sure
to，have
to等结构变为被动语态时，只需将它们后面的动词原形变为“be＋过去分词”。
We
can
repair
this
watch
in
two
days.
This
watch
can
be
repaired
in
two
days.
(5)当句子的谓语为say，believe，expect，think，know，write，consider，report等时，被动语态有两种形式：①谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。②用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。
People
say
he
is
a
smart
boy.
He
is
said
to
be
a
smart
boy.
It
is
said
that
he
is
a
smart
boy.
People
know
paper
was
made
in
China
first.
Paper
was
known
to
be
made
in
China
first.
It
is
known
that
paper
was
made
in
China
first.
类似句型有：It
is
said/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thought
that...
2.不能用被动语态的几种情况
(1)所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。
(2)表示状态的谓语动词，如：last，hold，contain，fit，cost等。
(3)表示归属的动词，如have，own，belong
to等。
(4)表示“希望、意图、喜好”的动词，如：wish，want，hope，like，love，hate等。
(5)宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。
(6)宾语是同源宾语、不定式、动名词等，谓语动词不用被动语态。
3.主动形式表被动意义
(1)当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时；当cut，read，sell，wear，write，wash等作为不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。
The
fish
smells
good.
This
kind
of
cloth
washes
easily.
These
novels
won’t
sell
well.
My
pen
writes
smoothly.
The
door
won’t
lock.
(2)当break
out，take
place，shut
off，turn
off，work
out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。
The
plan
worked
out
successfully.
The
lamps
on
the
wall
turned
off.
(3)want，require，need后面的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。
(4)be
worth
doing用主动形式表示被动含义。
(5)在“be＋形容词＋to
do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。
This
kind
of
water
isn’t
fit
to
drink.
The
girl
isn’t
easy
to
get
along
with.
注意：be
to
blame(受谴责)，be
to
rent(出租)也用主动形式表被动。
4.被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况
be
seated坐着；be
hidden躲藏；be
lost迷路；be
drunk喝醉；be
dressed穿着
5.被动语态与系表结构的区别
此处的系表结构指“连系动词＋用作表语的过去分词”结构，它与被动语态的形式完全一样。要注意它们的区别：
被动语态强调动作；系表结构表示主语的特点或状态。
The
book
was
sold
by
a
certain
bookstore.(被动语态)
The
book
is
well
sold.(系表结构)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.If
you
listen
to
rap
music，you
will
notice
how
the
lyrics(歌词)
__________(speak)
in
the
background
of
the
songs.
2.He
was
seen
(run)
into
the
classroom
by
us.
3.Such
a
thing
has
never
(hear)
of
before.
4.Don’t
worry.
The
hard
work
that
you
do
now
(repay)
later
in
life.
5.You
were
warned
not
(eat)
too
much
meat.
6.Great
changes
(take)
place
in
our
school
since
2010.
are
spoken
to
run
been
heard
will
be
repaid
to
eat
have
taken
题组训练2
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题1处错误)
1.A
talk
on
American
culture
will
be
giving
in
the
school
hall
this
weekend.
2.When
you
get
the
paper
back，pay
special
attention
to
what
have
marked.
3.He
has
bought
this
bicycle
since
he
attended
middle
school.
given
∧
been
had
4.They
are
living
with
their
parents
for
the
moment
because
their
own
house
is
rebuilt.
5.I
still
remember
the
soup
made
by
my
grandmother
was
tasted
so
delicious
that
the
whole
family
enjoyed
it.
∧
being
Ⅲ.语法填空(动词的时态和语态专练)
A
university
graduate
described
as
a
“respectable
and
intelligent”
woman
1.
(seek)
professional
help
after
being
convicted
of(证明有……罪)
shoplifting
for
the
second
time
in
six
months.
Aha
Luz，recently
studying
for
PhD
2.
(tell)
she
would
end
up
behind
bars
unless
she
can
control
the
desire
to
steal
from
shops.
Luz，who
3.
(live)
with
her
partner
in
Fitzwdliam
Road，Cambridge,4.
(admit)
stealing
clothes
worth
9.95
pounds
from
Lewis
in
Oxford
Street，London，on
March
9.
is
seeking
has
been
told
lives
admitted
Philip
Lomoyne，prosecuting(起诉)，said
Luz
5.
(select)
some
clothes
from
a
display
and
6.
(take)
them
to
the
ladies’
toilet
in
the
store.
When
she
came
out
again
she
7.
(wear)
one
of
the
skirts
she
8.
(select)，having
taken
off
the
anti-?theft
security
alarm.
She
9.
(stop)
and
caught
after
leaving
the
store
without
paying，Mr.
Lomoyne
said.
He
added
that
she
was
upset
on
her
arrest
and
10.
(apologize)
for
her
actions.
selected
took
was
wearing
had
selected
was
stopped
apologized
◆书面表达中谓语动词易错点聚焦
1.中式英语比比皆是
(误)I
very
like
listen
music
and
every
day
I
also
will
see
some
newspapers.
(正)I
like
listening
to
music
very
much
and
every
day
I
read
some
newspapers
as
well.(习惯性动作用一般现在时)
(误)I
don’t
know
I
should
do
what.
(正)I
don’t
know
what
I
should
do.
2.句子没有谓语动词或一个句子中出现多个谓语
(误)The
windows
broken.
(正)The
windows
broke.
(正)The
windows
are
(were)
broken.
(误)Today，the
largest
number
of
people
speak
English
may
be
in
China.
(正)Today，the
largest
number
of
people
who
speak
English
may
be
in
China.
(正)Today，the
largest
number
of
people
speaking
English
may
be
in
China.
3.动词的时态、语态及系动词be的乱用
(误)Recently，the
CCTV
and
some
TVs
began
to
take
some
measures.
(正)Recently，the
CCTV
and
some
TVs
have
begun
to
take
some
measures.
(误)She
liked
it
very
much
and
reads
it
to
the
class.
(正)She
liked
it
very
much
and
read
it
to
the
class.
(误)People
were
used
to
believe
that
the
earth
was
flat.
(正)People
used
to
believe
that
the
earth
was
flat.
(误)Our
village
has
taken
place
great
changes.
(误)Great
changes
have
been
taken
place
in
our
village.
(正)Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
our
village.
专题2　非谓语动词
◆非谓语动词的形式及句法功能
种类
时态
主动
被动
主语
宾语
宾补
表语
定语
状语
不定式
一般式
to
do
to
be
done
√
√
√
√
√
√
进行式
to
be
doing
×
完成式
to
have
done
to
have
been
done
动名词
一般式
doing
being
done
√
√
×
√
√
×
完成式
having
done
having
been
done
分词
现在
一般式
Doing
being
done
×
×
√
√
√
√
完成式
having
done
having
been
done
过去
一般式
done(vi.)表完成
done(vt.)表被动与完成
×
×
√
√
√
√
◆非谓语动词的核心考点
1.非谓语动词作状语
(1)不定式作状语
①表示目的
I
stopped
the
car
to
take
a
short
break
as
I
was
feeling
tired.
②不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，动词不定式前常加only。
George
returned
after
the
war，only
to
be
told
that
his
wife
had
left
him.
(2)现在分词作状语
①一般式doing
表示动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，与句子的主语是主动关系。
The
sun
began
to
rise
in
the
sky，bathing
the
mountain
in
golden
light.(主动关系)
②完成式having
done
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。
I
got
to
the
office
earlier
that
day，having
caught
the
7：30
train
from
Paddington.
③被动式having
been
done
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，与句子的主语是被动关系。
Having
been
asked
to
work
overtime
that
evening，I
missed
a
wonderful
film.(被动意义，非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前)
(3)过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语时，与句子主语之间是被动关系。
Seen
from
the
top
of
the
mountain，the
city
is
very
beautiful.(被动关系)
2.非谓语动词作定语
(1)现在分词作定语
现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。
Laura
was
away
in
Paris
for
over
a
week.When
she
got
home，there
was
a
pile
of
mails
waiting
for
her.
(2)不定式作定语
不定式作定语表示未做的事情。
His
first
book
to
be
published
next
month
is
based
on
a
true
story.
不定式作定语的特殊用法：
①下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance，right，courage，promise，time，opportunity，way，the
first，the
second，the
last，the
only等。
②不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。
There
is
no
one
to
look
after
her.
③不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。
She
is
now
looking
for
a
room
to
live
in.
(3)过去分词作定语
过去分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作的被动或完成。
You
cannot
accept
an
opinion
offered
to
you
unless
it
is
based
on
facts.
His
first
book
published
last
month
is
based
on
a
true
story.
注意：表示心理状态的动词-?ing形式，意为“令人……的”；动词?-ed形式，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的look，expression，tears，smile，voice等名词。
3.非谓语动词作宾语
(1)动词afford，promise，refuse，expect，hope，learn，offer，wish，want，fail，plan，agree，forget，like，prefer，decide，manage，try，arrange，determine，desire等后面接不定式作宾语；动词come，get，grow后接不定式作宾语时，意为“逐渐地……”。
David
refused
to
accept
my
invitation.
She
has
a
hot
temper，but
you
will
grow
to
like
her.
注意：下列单词或短语后可接“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语：teach，decide，wonder，show，learn，forget，ask，find
out，advise，discuss等。
I
don’t
know
how
to
deal
with
this
kind
of
matter.
(2)动词admit，appreciate，avoid，consider(考虑)，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，risk，resist，suggest等后要接动词?-ing形式作宾语。
Bill
suggested
holding
a
meeting
on
what
to
do
for
the
Expo
during
the
vacation.
动词短语can’t
stand，give
up，feel
like，keep
on，insist
on，look
forward
to，put
off，devote...to，object
to，be
busy
(in)，get
down
to，have
difficulty/trouble
(in)，have
a
good/wonderful/hard
time
(in)，have
fun等后要接动词-?ing形式作宾语。
I
had
great
difficulty
(in)
finding
the
suitable
food
on
the
menu
in
that
restaurant.
介词后要接动名词作宾语，如what
about，how
about，be
fond
of，be
good
at等的介词后接动名词。注意on/upon
doing
sth.＝as
soon
as
引导的从句，作此意讲时on/upon后也可以接名词。
On
his
arrival/On
arriving
at
the
station，he
found
the
train
had
just
started.
注意：表示一种倾向多接动名词作宾语；表示某一特定的或具体的行动，多接不定式作宾语。
I
like
listening
to
music，but
today
I
don’t
like
to.
want，require，need表“需要”讲，后用不定式时，要用其被动形式；用动名词时，用其主动形式(表被动意义)。
The
patient
required
to
be
examined.
The
patient
required
examining.
4.非谓语动词作主语
(1)动名词作主语
Hearing
how
others
react
to
the
book
you
have
just
read
creates
an
added
pleasure.
It
is
no
use
crying
over
spilt
milk.(动名词短语作主语，it作形式主语)
(2)不定式作主语
To
see
is
to
believe.＝Seeing
is
believing.
It
is
important
to
respect
people.(不定式短语作主语，it作形式主语)
5.非谓语动词作宾补
(1)分词作补语的区别
①现在分词作宾补的两大特征：一是宾语与现在分词有主谓关系；二是现在分词所表示的动作正在进行。可接现在分词作宾补的动词(短语)常见的有：have，see，hear，find，get，leave，notice，watch，keep，start，set，catch，smell，feel，send，listen
to，look
at等。
I
looked
up
and
noticed
a
snake
winding
its
way
up
the
tree
to
catch
its
breakfast.
I
won’t
have
you
speaking
to
your
dad
like
that.
I
heard
an
English
song
being
sung
by
a
little
girl
when
I
passed
by
her
room
yesterday.(被动，正在进行)
②过去分词作宾补的两大特征：一是及物动词的过去分词作宾补与宾语有动宾关系；二是不及物动词的过去分词作宾补与宾语有主谓关系，多用来表示动作已完成。可接过去分词作宾补的动词有：have，see，hear，find，leave，want，make等。
Claire
had
her
luggage
checked
an
hour
before
her
plane
left.
I
was
surprised
to
find
my
hometown
changed
so
much.
(2)不定式作补语
①接带to的不定式作宾补，此类动词(短语)有：advise，allow，ask，cause，command，encourage，expect，forbid，force，get，hate，invite，leave，like，mean，order，permit，persuade，prefer，request，tell，want，warn，wish，call
on，depend
on/upon，long
for，wait
for等。
I
didn’t
mean
you
to
hear
it.
We’re
all
longing
for
the
new
term
to
begin.
I’m
sorry，I
can’t
go
out
with
you.I
have
an
urgent
thing
to
settle.
②接不带to的不定式作宾补的动词(短语)有：make，have，let等使役动词以及see，watch，notice，observe，look
at，feel，hear，listen
to等感官动词。如果这些动词或短语用于被动语态，则to不可省略。动词help后的不定式符号to可以省略，也可以保留。
Let
those
in
need
understand
that
we
will
go
all
out
to
help
them.
She
was
seen
to
enter
the
manager’s
office
ten
minutes
ago.
(3)with＋宾语＋宾补
The
man
felt
very
happy
with
so
many
children
sitting
around
him.
John
received
an
invitation
to
dinner，and
with
his
work
finished，he
gladly
accepted
it.
With
a
lot
of
difficult
problems
to
settle，the
newly
elected
president
is
having
a
hard
time.
6.非谓语动词作表语
(1)动名词作表语时，说明主语的内容。
The
queen’s
work
is
laying
eggs.
(2)不定式作表语时，说明主语尚未发生的动作，或表示将来的动作。
His
ambition
is
to
go
to
Harvard
University.
注意：现在分词或过去分词作表语时，通常为分词化的形容词。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He
suddenly
appeared
in
class
one
day，
(wear)
sunglasses.
2.She
wished
that
he
was
as
easy
(please)
as
her
mother，who
was
always
delighted
with
perfume.
3.
(build)
in
1192，the
bridge
is
over
800
years
old.
4.
(collect)
stamps
seems
to
be
his
main
hobby.
5.I
didn’t
talk
much
to
the
man
(sit)
next
to
me.
wearing
to
please
Built
Collecting
sitting
题组训练
6.She
avoided
(answer)
the
teacher’s
questions.
7.It
has
been
his
dream
(travel)
round
the
world.
8.Weather
(permit)，we’ll
have
an
outing
tomorrow.
answering
to
travel
permitting
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题1处错误)
1.I
also
shared
with
my
friends
many
photos
taking
in
Beijing.
2.Last
year，she
decided
study
abroad.
3.He
isn’t
good
at
talk
but
he
gets
on
well
with
other
people.
4.I
look
forward
to
see
her
again
in
the
near
future.
5.Well，I
had
better
to
stop
now.
taken
∧
to
talking
seeing
6.We
sat
by
the
fire，have
our
barbecue.
7.
Felt
hungry，we
built
a
fire
by
the
lake
and
barbecued
a
fish.
8.I
tried
hard
to
do
it.Suddenly，Mary，my
best
friend，asking
me
to
let
her
copy
my
answers.
having
Feeling
asked
Ⅲ.语法填空(非谓语动词专练)
There
is
a
wonderful
story
about
a
young
girl
who
had
no
family
and
no
one
1.
(love)
her.
One
day,2.
(feel)
very
sad
and
lonely，she
was
walking
through
a
grassland
when
she
noticed
a
small
butterfly
3.
(catch)
in
a
thorny
bush.The
young
girl
carefully
released
the
butterfly.Instead
of
4.
(fly)
away，the
little
butterfly
changed
into
a
beautiful
fairy.
“In
return
for
your
wonderful
kindness，”the
good
fairy
said
to
the
girl，“I
will
give
you
any
wish
that
you
would
like
5.
(get).”
to
love
feeling
caught
flying
to
get
The
little
girl
thought
for
a
moment
and
then
replied，“I
want
to
be
happy.”
6.
(lean)
toward
her，the
fairy
whispered
in
her
ear
and
then
disappeared.
With
the
little
girl
7.
(grow)
up，there
was
no
one
in
the
land
happier
than
she
was.Everyone
wanted
to
make
themselves
8.
(tell)
the
secret
of
happiness
by
her.She
would
only
smile
and
answer，“The
secret
of
my
happiness
is
that
I
listened
to
a
good
fairy
when
I
was
a
little
girl.”
Leaning
growing
told
When
she
was
dying，the
neighbors
all
gathered
around
her,9._______(fear)
that
her
unbelievable
secret
of
happiness
would
die
with
her.So
they
begged
her
10.
(tell)
them
what
the
good
fairy
said.The
lovely
old
woman
simply
smiled
and
said，“She
told
me
that
everyone，no
matter
how
old
or
young，how
rich
or
poor，had
need
of
me.”
fearing
to
tell
◆书面表达中非谓语动词易错点聚焦
1.缺少非谓语动词的主动与被动意识
(误)We
thought
it
wrong
for
her
to
punish.
(正)We
thought
it
wrong
for
her
to
be
punished.
(误)The
man
lay
on
his
back，with
his
whole
body
burying
in
the
sand.
(正)The
man
lay
on
his
back，with
his
whole
body
buried
in
the
sand.
2.缺少搭配意识
(误)Would
you
please
stop
to
watch
TV？You
have
watched
it
for
too
long.
(正)Would
you
please
stop
watching
TV？You
have
watched
it
for
too
long.
(误)Your
suit
needs
to
iron.
(正)Your
suit
needs
ironing.
(正)Your
suit
needs
to
be
ironed.
3.缺少前后主谓一致意识
(误)Before
handing
in
your
test
paper，it
is
necessary
to
go
over
the
whole
paper.
(正)Before
handing
in
your
test
paper，you
should
go
over
the
whole
paper.
(正)Before
you
hand
in
your
test
paper，you
should
go
over
the
whole
paper.
4.缺少结构意识
(误)Time
permits，I’ll
talk
for
another
hour.
(正)Time
permitting，I’ll
talk
for
another
hour.
(误)Having
not
been
in
the
city
long，I
was
still
a
stranger
there.
(正)Not
having
been
in
the
city
long，I
was
still
a
stranger
there.
专题3　情态动词和虚拟语气
◆情态动词的核心考点
1.can/could和be
able
to的用法
(1)can和be
able
to都表示能力，意思上没多大区别。但can只有现在和过去时，而be
able
to则有更多的形式。但当成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could而用was/were
able
to来表示。这时was/were
able
to
相当于managed
to，表示经过一番努力，终于能够完成某事。
Her
mother
can
speak
French.
The
wounded
man
was
still
able
to
get
to
the
village
and
was
saved
by
the
villagers
in
the
end.
(2)can/could表示猜测“可能”，一般用于疑问句和否定句。
—Can
the
news
be
true?
—It
can’t
be
true.
Someone
is
knocking
at
the
door.Who
could
it
be?
(3)can可以表示理论上的可能性，指常有的行为或情形，意为“有时会……”。
Anybody
can
make
mistakes.
(4)表示请求、允许(表请求时，口语中常用could代替can使语气更委婉，回答时用can)。
Can
I
go
now?
—Could
I
come
to
see
you
tomorrow?
—Yes，you
can.(否定答语可用No，I’m
afraid
not.)
(5)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。
How
can
that
be
true？I
can’t
believe
my
eyes
and
ears.
How
could
you
be
so
careless?
(6)can的特殊用法。
can
but只有；can’t
but不得不；can’t...too再……也不为过，越……越好
I
can
but
wait.
I
can’t
but
wait.
You
can’t
be
too
patient
to
the
customers.
2.may和might的用法
(1)表示允许、请求，might比may的语气更委婉一些。
—May
I
watch
TV
now?
—Yes，you
may.(Yes，please.)
—No，you
mustn’t.(No，you’d
better
not.)
(2)表示可能性时，might比may的可能性小，may表示的可能性比can小(主要用于陈述句、肯定或否定句，疑问句用can代替)。
The
story
may
not
be
true.
(3)表示祝愿(不用might)
May
you
succeed!
(4)may/might
as
well最好还是……，不妨
You
might
as
well
do
it
now.
(5)may/might
well很可能
He
may
well
be
late
for
class.
3.must，have
to和ought
to的用法
(1)must
①表示“必须，应该，一定要”。强调主观看法，只有现在时形式，否定式是must
not(mustn’t)。must开头的问句，其否定回答要用needn’t或don’t
have
to来表达。
We
must
do
it
now.
—Must
I
hand
in
the
paper
today?
—Yes，you
need.
—No，you
needn’t/don’t
have
to.
②表示必然的结果。
All
men
must
die.
③还可表示主语固执、偏要做他人不希望做的事。
It
can’t
help；he
must
do
that.
(2)have
to着重客观需要，能用于更多时态(过去时或将来时)。
He
will
have
to
be
there
before
ten.
(3)ought
to表示义务和责任，意为“应该”，比should语气要强。
You
ought
to
take
care
of
yourself.
4.need和dare的用法
(1)need表示“需要，必要”，只能用于否定句和疑问句。在肯定句中，常用must和have
to代替。
You
don’t
need
to
do
it
at
once.
Need
I
come?
(2)dare表示“敢”，通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。
I
daren’t
ask
her
for
a
rise.
Dare
you
go
home
alone
at
eleven
in
the
evening?
I
don’t
know
whether
he
dare
try.
(3)need和dare的特殊用法
①need表“需要”时，可用want，require代替。
The
desk
needs
repairing/to
be
repaired.
＝The
desk
wants/requires
repairing/to
be
repaired.
②dare作实义动词时，在肯定句中要接to，在疑问句和否定句中to可省去。
He
dares
to
catch
a
snake.
I
do
not
dare
(to)
complain.
Do
you
dare
(to)
swim
in
the
river?
5.will和would的用法
(1)will
①表示请求、建议，常用于第二人称。
Will
you
please
go
with
me?
②表示意愿、决定、允许。
I
will
never
do
that
again.
③表示习惯性动作或某种倾向，意为“总是，惯于”，通常用于第三人称。
Rosa
will
always
be
late
for
school.
(2)would
①表示请求、建议，比will委婉，指现在时间，多用于第二人称。
Would
you
like
a
cup
of
tea?
②表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向。
We
would
play
badminton
on
Sundays.
6.shall和should的用法
(1)shall
用于第一、三人称，在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求。
Shall
I
come
in?
When
shall
he
be
able
to
leave
the
hospital?
用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示命令、允诺或威胁。
You
shall
do
as
your
father
says.
He
shall
have
the
book
when
I
finish
reading.
He
shall
be
punished.
(2)should
①表示责任、义务，意为“应该”。
You
should
listen
to
your
doctor’s
advice.
②表示惊讶语气，意为“竟然”。
You
should
wear
slippers
in
class.
③用于条件句，表示“假如，万一”；省去if，should可提至句首。
Should
you
be
late，apologize
to
the
teacher.
7.情态动词表示推测或判断的用法
情态动词
对现在和未来的推测
对过去的推测
使用场合
must
must＋do
must
have
done
肯定句
may/might
may/might＋do
may/might
have
done
肯定句、否定句
can/could
can/could
do
can/could
have
done
否定句、疑问句(could可用于肯定句)
should
用来表示一种估计的情况，意为“按理会/估计会”should
do
should
have
done
肯定句、否定句、疑问句
情态动词＋have
done的用法：
(1)should
have
done表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做”，而shouldn’t
have
done则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”。
You
should
have
told
me
about
it
earlier.
You
shouldn’t
have
said
such
words
to
your
parents.
(2)ought
to
have
done表示“本应该做某事而实际上未做”，而ought
not
to
have
done则意为“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”。
You
ought
to
have
told
me
about
it
earlier.
You
ought
not
to
have
said
such
words
to
your
parents.
(3)needn’t
have
done表示“本无必要做某事而实际上做了”。
You
needn’t
have
walked
so
quickly
since
time
was
enough.
(4)could
have
done表示“本来有可能做某事而事实上未做到”。
I
could
have
come
on
time，but
my
car
broke
down
on
the
way.
(5)may/might
have
done表示“过去可能发生过某事”或“本来应该/可以做某事(实际上没做)”。
You
might
have
given
him
more
help，but
you
were
so
busy.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.
I
don’t
know
where
she
is，she
be
in
Wuhan.
2.The
road
is
wet.It
have
rained
last
night.
3.You
be
punished
if
you
cheat
in
the
exam.
4.Don’t
worry.I’ve
just
sent
an
ambulance
to
you.They
be
there
any
second.
5.If
people
eat
natural
plant
poisons
by
mistake，they
_____
go
to
hospital
without
delay.
6.I
have
gone
to
the
school
library，but
it
rained
heavily，so
I
did
not.
may
must
shall
should
must
should
题组训练1
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题1处错误)
1.You
had
better
not
to
have
stayed
there，but
you
did.
2.My
punishment
lasted
a
year.Meanwhile，I
found
out
that
with
more
patience
I
must
make
my
toys
last.My
attitude
changed
from
then
on.
3.I
have
been
practising
for
three
weeks
now，but
I
still
couldn’t
get
used
to
it—in
fact，I’ve
nearly
killed
three
people.
could/might
can’t
4.Thank
you
for
all
you
have
done
for
me.Mom，though
I
may
often
say
it，I
do
love
you.
5.Judging
from
what
you
said，he
ought
succeed.
∧
not
∧
to
◆虚拟语气的核心考点
1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)，而主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。
If
I
were
you，I
would
buy
that
house.
If
he
had
time，he
should
go
with
you.
(2)表示与过去事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/could＋have＋过去分词”。
If
he
had
taken
my
advice，he
would
have
succeeded
in
passing
the
examination.
(3)表示与将来事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should/were
to＋动词原形”，而主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。
If
it
were
to
rain
tomorrow，the
football
match
would
be
put
off.
(4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
If
they
had
worked
hard，they
would
be
very
tired
now.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)
2.虚拟语气用于名词性从句
(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
①“wish＋宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”。表示现在没有实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”或“could/should＋have＋过去分词”。
I
wish
it
were
spring
all
the
year
round.
I
wish
I
had
known
the
answer.
I
wish
I
could
fly
like
a
bird.
②在表示“建议、要求、命令”等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
常见的这类动词有：suggest，advise，propose，demand，require，insist，request，command，order等。
She
suggested
we
(should)
leave
here
at
once.
The
doctor
ordered
she
(should)
be
operated
on.
(2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。
表示“建议、要求、命令”等的名词，如advice，idea，order，demand，plan，proposal，suggestion，request等，其后的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
His
suggestion
that
we
(should)
go
to
Shanghai
is
wonderful.
My
idea
is
that
they
(should)
pay
100
dollars.
(3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。
在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“(should＋)动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信或理应如此等。
It
is
necessary
that
we
(should)
clean
the
room
every
day.
It
was
a
pity/a
shame
that
you
(should)
be
so
careless.
It
will
be
desired
that
she
(should)
finish
her
homework
this
afternoon.
注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气；反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述语气。
It
is
a
pity
that
you
can’t
swim.
3.虚拟语气在其他场合的运用
(1)虚拟语气在as
if/though，even
if/though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况，则用would/could/might＋动词原形。
He
spoke
as
if
he
had
known
it.
You
look
as
if
you
didn’t
care.
Even
if
she
were
here，she
could
not
solve
the
problem.
(2)虚拟语气用于定语从句中。
这种从句常用于句型“It
is
(high)
time
(that)...”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或“should＋动词原形”，意为“(现在)该……”。
It’s
time
that
I
picked
up/should
pick
up
my
daughter.
(3)虚拟语气用在if
only引导的感叹句中，对现在的虚拟用一般过去时(be用were)；对过去的虚拟用过去完成时。
If
only
I
were
a
pilot.
If
only
I
had
taken
his
advice.
(4)虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。
①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。
It
would
be
better
for
you
not
to
stay
up
too
late.
Would
you
be
kind
enough
to
close
the
door?
②用于一些习惯表达法中。
Would
you
like
something
to
drink?
I
would
rather
not
tell
you.
(5)would
rather虚拟语气的用法。
would
rather
sb.
did
sth.是对现在的虚拟；
would
rather
sb.
had
done
sth.是对过去的虚拟。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He
walked
in
as
if
he
(buy)
the
school.
And
the
word
quickly
got
around
that
he
was
from
New
York
City.
2.If
you
(tell)
me
the
news
yesterday，I
wouldn’t
be
so
worried
now.
3.Sorry，I
am
too
busy
now.If
I
(have)
time，I
would
certainly
go
for
an
outing
with
you.
4.If
I
were
you
I
(explain)
to
Harry
what
happened.
had
bought
had
told
had
would
explain
题组训练2
5.It’s
time
that
our
government
(take)
measures
to
improve
the
quality
of
the
buildings.
6.Mr.
Li
insisted
that
the
sports
meeting
(put)
off
because
of
the
bad
weather.
7.She
would
have
come
here，but
she
(go)
to
the
hospital
to
look
after
her
sick
mother.
8.He
was
very
busy
yesterday，otherwise
he
(come)
to
the
party.
took/should
take
(should)
be
put
went
would
had
come
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题1处错误)
1.If
I
was
10
years
younger，I
would
start
all
over
again.
2.If
we
had
enough
rain
last
year，we
could
have
gained
a
good
harvest.
3.The
expression
on
his
face
suggested
that
he
be
very
tired.
4.George
is
going
to
talk
about
the
geography
of
his
country，but
I’d
rather
he
focuses
more
on
its
culture.
were
∧
had
was
focused
5.The
chairman
demanded
that
people
present
made
every
effort
to
protect
the
polar
bear
against
dying
out.
6.
Was
I
to
be
a
teacher
in
the
future，first
of
all，I
would
try
my
best
to
give
students
lessons.
make
Were
Ⅲ.语法填空(情态动词和虚拟语气专练)
Lucy
is
an
outgoing
lady.She
1.
play
many
kinds
of
musical
instruments.Actually，she
2.
play
the
piano
when
she
was
8
years
old.Lucy
also
keeps
taking
exercise
every
day.She
says
that
she
has
to
do
some
sports
because
she
3.
keep
slim.“You
4.
get
fat
soon
if
you
don’t
take
exercise
every
day.”
She
usually
says
to
her
friends.
As
for
her，an
elegant
lady
should
try
to
keep
fit.
However，last
week，she
found
that
she
5.
put
on
weight
and
her
husband
can
could
must
shall
might
suggested
that
she
6.
lose
weight.
And
these
days
she’d
rather
that
she
7.
(take)
more
exercise
every
day.
However，she
is
always
lacking
in
time
because
she
ought
to
take
care
of
her
children.
One
night
after
supper，she
walked
quickly
in
order
to
go
dancing
at
the
Tomorrow
Park
and
she
was
late.
On
her
way，she
thought
that
the
dancing
must
8.
(begin)，and
the
coach
9.
have
taught
or
shown
many
new
moves.
She
was
afraid
that
her
friends
might
10.
(leave)
before
she
got
there.
She
was
regretful
then.
should
took
have
begun
could
have
left
She
11.
have
had
supper
earlier，or
she
could
have
taken
a
taxi，and
indeed
she
needn’t
12.
(take)
a
bath
in
advance.
When
she
reached
the
park
finally，she
found
nobody
was
there.
She
remembered
suddenly
that
it
had
been
reported
on
the
radio
that
there
would
be
a
heavy
rain
that
night.
should
have
taken
◆书面表达中情态动词与虚拟语气易错点聚焦
1.表达的单调性
例如在写一封回信向好友表达建议时，重复使用You
should...既显得单调，同时强硬的语气影响了交际效果。
我们可以灵活多样地表达建议，如You’d
better.../You
might
as
well.../Why
not...？等。
—Need
I
tell
him
everything
that
has
happened
to
his
father？
(误)—Yes，you
need.
(正)—Yes，you
must.
(误)The
King
was
so
hot?-tempered
that
no
one
dared
tell
him
the
bad
news.
(正)The
King
was
so
hot?-tempered
that
no
one
dare
(dared
to)
tell
him
the
bad
news.
(误)You’d
not
better
quarrel
with
your
neighbors
whatever
happens.
(正)You’d
better
not
quarrel
with
your
neighbors
whatever
happens.
2.情态动词搭配错误
3.虚拟语气的表达错误
特别注意时间错综句的虚拟语气的表达错误：从句与主句或上下文所表达的时间不一致，部分考生仍照搬某种形式，因未按照句中所表述的时间关系，而用错虚拟形式。如：
(误)If
I
were
you，I
wouldn’t
miss
the
film
last
night.
(正)If
I
were
you，I
wouldn’t
have
missed
the
film
last
night.
(误)If
she
comes
tomorrow，I
would
tell
her
the
news.
(正)If
she
came
tomorrow，I
would
tell
her
the
news
(正)If
she
should
come
tomorrow，I
would
tell
her
the
news.
(正)If
she
were
to
come
tomorrow，I
would
tell
her
the
news.
(误)If
only
she
didn’t
miss
the
train
the
other
day.
(正)If
only
she
hadn’t
missed
the
train
the
other
day.
(误)Without
your
help，we
didn’t
make
so
much
progress.
(正)Without
your
help，we
wouldn’t
have
made
so
much
progress.
(误)It’s
time
that
they
go
home.
(正)It’s
time
that
they
went/should
go
home.
(误)If
his
television
set
had
not
been
stolen
yesterday，he
would
have
watched
TV
now.
(正)If
his
television
set
had
not
been
stolen
yesterday，he
would
watch
TV
now.
(误)If
she
didn’t
miss
the
train，she
is
here
now.
(正)If
she
hadn’t
missed
the
train，she
would
be
here
now.
精选模拟　强化训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
(一)
1.Scientists
have
discovered
that
(stay)
in
the
cold
could
help
us
lose
weight.
2.When
the
time
came
for
me
to
say
goodbye
to
my
friends
in
the
village，I
wanted
to
reward
the
old
woman
for
the
trouble
I
(cause)
for
her.But
she
refused.
3.Animals
that
are
able
to
copy
sounds
may
enjoy
(practice)
new
sounds.When
they
are
kept
outside
of
their
natural
environment，they
may
copy
unusual
sounds.
staying
had
caused
practicing
4.A
major
accident
in
southern
Sweden
happened
today.It’s
reported
that
this
afternoon
a
ship
crashed
into
a
bridge.Unluckily，seven
cars
and
six
trucks
are
said
(fall)
into
the
water.
5.It
is
an
activity
(hold)
by
an
American
charity
organization.
6.No
physical
cause
could
________find).Finally
the
doctor
said
to
the
man，“Unless
you
tell
me
what’s
on
your
conscience，I
can’
t
help
you.”
7.This
allowed
people
(have)
a
day
or
two
out
now
and
then，which
gave
them
a
taste
for
leisure
and
seaside.
to
have
fallen
held
be
found
to
have
8.Mrs.
Woo
Mei
Fong
said
that
her
husband
had
just
left
for
work
when
she
(feel)
that
her
house
was
moving.
She
ran
outside
at
once
with
her
children.
9.In
the
spring，snow
(melt)
and
the
workers
start
working
again.
10.One
day
when
Laennec
was
walking
in
the
park，he
saw
some
girls
_______(play)
with
a
see-?saw(跷跷板).
11.In
most
cases，a
healthy
diet
can
help
you
decrease
the
risk
of
_______(get)
some
diseases
like
diabetes
and
cancer.
felt
melts
playing
getting
12.He
agreed
to
our
suggestion
that
we
(put)
on
a
play
at
the
English
Evening.
13.It
is
reported
that
his
new
book
(publish)
by
that
company
next
year.
14.Though
they
did
all
they
could
(help)
them，times
were
tough
for
them.
15.It
remains
(see)
whether
you
can
get
a
better
education，even
if
you
are
in
a
private
high
school.
(should)
put
will
be
published
to
help
to
be
seen
(二)
16.He
drove
in，parked，and
(hurry)
home
to
go
to
bed.
17.In
the
movie
After
Earth，Will
Smith’s
character
_____(say)，“Fear
is
not
real.It
is
a
product
of
thoughts
you
create.”
18.If
it
(turn)
cold
again，they’ll
dive
back
down.
19.I
learned
that
he
was
21
years
old，
(study)
Asian
literature
and
history
at
Sydney
University.
20.Starting
a
new
school
term
is
always
exciting.It
is
a
chance
_____(see)
your
friends
again.
hurried
says
turns
studying
to
see
21.
(stress)
to
everyone
the
importance
and
value
of
these
historic
sites，the
government
has
strengthened
regulations
to
protect
them.
22.I
(think)
about
what
you’ve
said
and
I’ve
decided
to
take
your
advice.
23.I
wondered
why
John
kept
it
a
secret.It
was
not
until
he
________
______(ask)
three
times
that
he
told
me
the
truth.
24.
(attract)
by
the
latest
electronic
toys，the
little
boy
stood
in
front
of
the
windows，without
moving.
25.It
was
the
fourth
time
she
(shop)
online
for
hours.
To
stress
have
been
thinking
had
been
asked
Attracted
had
shopped
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题1处错误)
(一)
1.I
saw
with
my
own
eyes
that
a
doctor
fights
all
night
to
save
a
baby’s
life.
2.Apart
from
that，“Blurt
Out”
is
pretty
good
for
Chinese
students
to
learn
English
idioms
and
improving
oral
English.
3.I
work
really
hard，often
study
late
into
the
night!
fought
improve
studying
4.
Take
all
these
factors
into
consideration，I
sincerely
hope
that
I
can
get
help
from
you
and
expect
the
media
to
do
something
for
this.
5.We
could
hear
the
sound
of
the
rain
and
our
footsteps
mixing
with
our
laughter.
6.Of
course，I
know
become
a
broadcaster
calls
for
extra
devotion
and
more
time
after
school
is
necessary
for
a
better
performance.
或Of
course，I
know
become
a
broadcaster
calls
for
extra
devotion
and
more
time
after
school
is
necessary
for
a
better
performance.
∧
to
Taking
mixed
becoming
7.A
young
woman
passes
by
saw
the
little
boy
and
could
read
the
desire
in
his
pale
blue
eyes.
8.First
of
all，we
should
love
our
motherland，caring
about
the
development
of
our
hometowns
and
take
an
active
part
in
our
school’s
activities.
9.We
should
not
leave
the
tap
water
run
or
waste
any
materials
in
the
laboratory
class.
passing
care
running
或I
suggest
that
our
school
must
take
measures
to
encourage
more
students
to
take
part
in
sports.
10.I
suggest
that
our
school
must
take
measures
to
encourage
more
students
to
take
part
in
sports.
11.This
morning，when
I
was
walking
on
the
street，I
saw
that
two
travelers
were
reading
a
map，looked
puzzled.
12.I
have
just
gone
to
British
Museum
and
Hyde
Park
recently.
should
looking
been
13.Though
I
speak
to
them
only
in
simple
English
that
day，I
believe
in
future
I
will
make
greater
progress.
14.This
afternoon，our
teacher
asked
us
list
what
our
parents
had
done
for
us.
15.Our
school
conducts
a
survey
on
reading
last
week.According
to
the
results，most
students
believe
reading
is
important.
∧
to
spoke
conducted
(二)
16.But
now
we
often
discuss
and
try
to
solve
the
problems
raising
by
the
teachers
or
ourselves.
17.I
have
told
one
more
worker
will
be
needed
this
year
and
I
think
you
are
fit
for
it.How
about
joining
us?
18.The
ability
express
one’s
idea
somehow
decides
how
far
one
can
get
along
in
one’s
college.
∧
been
raised
∧
to
19.Even
when
it
comes
to
shake
hands，ladies
come
first.
20.It
has
been
a
long
time
since
we
meet
in
China
last
time.
21.The
express
company
will
get
all
these
goods
received
delivering
to
the
customers
today.
22.Every
time
my
father
finds
me
listening
to
rock
music，he
always
shouted，“Shut
it
off.It’s
awful!
”
shaking
met
delivered
shouts
23.He
called
to
tell
me
that
she
was
in
hospital，otherwise
I
have
known
nothing
about
it.
24.I
am
writing
to
share
my
opinion
on
fashion
with
you，for
I
had
just
heard
that
you
are
disappointed
because
you
can’t
afford
famous
brands.
25.A
man
immediately
gave
his
first
aid
and
I
had
joined
in
without
hesitation.
∧
would
have
Ⅲ.语法填空
A
boy
quarreled
with
his
parents
and
ran
away
from
home.He
had
a
hard
life
1.
any
contact
with
his
family
for
years.Later
he
wanted
to
go
home
2.
he
was
afraid
that
his
parents
might
not
welcome
him.
考查介词。根据句意“他多年没和他的家人联系，过着艰苦的生活。”可知应填介词without。
答案
解析
without
but
答案
解析
考查连词。根据句意“后来他想回家，但是他害怕他的父母可能不欢迎他。”此处表示转折，所以填but。
Finally
he
decided
to
write
a
letter
to
his
father
3.
(express)
his
desire
to
return
home
and
begging
his
pardon.In
his
letter
he
asked
his
father
to
tie
a
white
ribbon
on
the
tree
near
his
house
by
the
side
of
the
railway
lines
if
he
was
ready
to
welcome
him
4.
home.If
he
did
not
see
the
ribbon
on
the
tree，he
would
think
that
his
family
did
not
welcome
him
and
then
he
would
leave
home
forever.
考查非谓语动词。本句不缺少谓语动词，而express与句子的主语he之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故此处用现在分词expressing作定语。
答案
解析
expressing
back
考查副词。根据句意“如果他父亲准备欢迎他回家”可知，应填back。
答案
解析
He
boarded
the
train
and
waited
very
5.
(nervous)
as
the
train
was
about
to
pass
by
his
home.
To
his
great
surprise，the
tree
6
(decorate)
with
hundreds
of
white
ribbons,
答案
解析
考查词性转换。此处应用nervous的副词形式修饰动词waited，故填nervously。
nervously
was
decorated
考查时态和语态。tree和decorate之间是被动关系，且指的是过去的事情，所以用was
decorated。
答案
解析
7.
danced
in
the
wind.His
family
did
not
want
him
to
miss
8.___
sight
of
the
ribbon
and
the
welcome
signal，
答案
解析
考查关系代词。本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是white
ribbons，从句中缺主语，故填which。
which
the
考查冠词。此处表示特指，所以填the。
答案
解析
so
9.
covered
the
whole
tree
with
ribbons
to
show
their
whole?-hearted
10._________(happy)
and
willingness
to
welcome
him
back.
考查代词。句意为：所以他们用丝带覆盖了整棵树。“they”在这里指他的家人。
答案
解析
they
happiness
考查词性转换。空格和willingness并列，所以填happy的名词形式
happiness。
答案
解析
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2016·河北衡水中学一模)
I
believe
anyone
can
make
themselves
something
good
to
eat.Cooking
is
a
lot
of
easier
for
us
than
most
of
us
think.Last
Sunday
my
parent
were
away
on
business.I
left
alone，with
no
one
to
cook
for
me.
As
I
had
a
good
chance
to
cook
myself
a
wonderful
meal.Early
in
the
morning
I
went
to
the
market，buying
some
beefsteak
and
tomatoes
and
then
came
back.
parents
∧
was
So
bought
Before
cooking，I
put
a
few
oil，salt
and
sugar
on
the
steak
and
mixed
it
together.When
the
pot
was
hotter
enough
I
began
to
fry
the
steak.Then
I
cooked
some
tomato
soup
with
the
egg
in
it.The
food
tasted
deliciously！
little
them
hot
an
delicious
本课结束