(共15张PPT)
Unit
5 Revealing
nature
Period
5 Developing
ideas(Ⅱ)
写作培优课
写作素养提升
观察日记(Observational
journal)
【写作指导】
话题阐释
观察日记是过去考察较少的书面表达话题,属于应用文的一种。但是,这个话题是高中课文的主要话题之一,内容涉及科学实验,环境保护等。
文体概述
观察日记通常包含三个部分,一般是以实验的三个时间节点或者步骤为主要的叙述对象,描述实验对象的具体特征或者状态。
框架构建
Week
1 The
_______is
_______._______has
been_________________________________.?
Week
2 Something
has__________________________.It
grows
in__________________________.?
Week
3 It
has_______to_____________ .It
looks
like_____________________________________.?
【典题示例】
假定你是学生李华,你在家种了一些蒜苗,请你围绕蒜苗的生长写一篇观察日记。要点如下:
1.开始种的时间和状况;
2.种下一周后的情况;
3.收获时的情况。
注意:
1.词数100个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,使行文连贯;
3.框架已经给出。
Step
1 谋篇立意
体裁:
应用文
Tips:
Day
one:
Week
one:
Week
two:
时态:
一般现在时和现在完成时
人称:
第三人称
Step
2 语言支架
1.蒜瓣被种进土中,尖头朝上。
①garlic
cloves _____
②__________
尖头?
③用with复合结构翻译句子:
____________________________________________________________________
蒜瓣
sharp
ends
The
garlic
cloves
have
been
planted
into
the
soil,with
the
sharp
ends
facing
up.?
2.浇水之后,把花盆挪到温暖的地方。要经常给蒜浇水。
①container
_____
②_________
加水?
③用被动结构完成句子:
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________?
花盆
add
water
Water
has
been
added
and
the
container
was
put
in
a
warm
place.The
cloves
are
being
watered
regularly.
3.蒜瓣上发出了小小的芽。芽绿绿的,长得很好。
①___ bud
②_____
sprout
③用提示词翻译组句:
_________________________________________________________________
______________
芽
发芽
A
single
bud
has
sprouted
from
each
of
the
garlic
cloves.The
buds
are
green
and
grow
well.?
4.为了促进生长,花盆已经被移到有阳光的地方。
①_____________
For
better
growing
②移动到有阳光的地方
___________________?
③用现在完成时翻译句子:
__________________________________________________________
为了促进生长
move
to
a
sunny
place
For
better
growing,the
container
has
been
moved
to
a
sunny
place.?
5.蒜苗都已经长到了20厘米左右,绿油油的。到割苗的时候了。
①20厘米高 ________________?
②到……时候了
____________?
③翻译组句:
________________________________________________________________
_______________________
20
centimetres
tall
It’s
time
for...
The
garlic
sprouts
have
grown
to
around
20
centimetres
tall
and
are
really
green.It’s
time
for
cutting.?
6.别担心,很快还会再长出来的。
①别担心 ___________?
②快速生长
____________?
③翻译组句:
______________________________________________
Don’t
worry
grow
quickly
Don’t
worry.It
will
grow
quickly
again
after
cutting.?
Step
3 润色组篇
Day
one:
The
garlic
cloves
have
been
planted
into
the
soil,with
the
sharp
ends
facing
up.Water
has
been
added
and
the
container
was
put
in
a
warm
place.The
cloves
are
being
watered
regularly.
Week
one:
A
single
bud
has
sprouted
from
each
of
the
garlic
cloves.The
buds
are
green
and
grow
well.For
better
growing,the
container
has
been
moved
to
a
sunny
place.
Week
two:
The
garlic
sprouts
have
grown
to
around
20
centimetres
tall
and
are
really
green.It’s
time
for
cutting.Don’t
worry.It
will
grow
quickly
again
after
cutting.
【善积累?获新知】
★话题词汇识记
1.试验词汇:
experiment(试验),observation(观察),日记(journal),test(测试),mix(混合),plant(植物),item(物品),container(容器)
2.行为词汇
observe(观察),add(添加),put(放置),move(移动),keep(保持),cut(切割)
3.实用短语
put
in...place(放在……地方),do
sth.
regularly(经常做某事),add...to...(把……加入……),
mix
together(混合)
★话题好句背诵
1.(2019·北京高考)Whenever
a
person
is
added,everyone
else
pulls
the
rope
with
less
force.
每当添加一个人时,其他所有人都会用较少的力拉绳索。
2.(2019·天津高考)A
dog’s
eating
habit
requires
regular
training
before
it
is
properly
established.
狗的进食习惯需要有规律的训练才能很好地形成。
3.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Remove
the
skin
and
place
them
in
plastic
bags
or
containers
and
freeze.
去除皮肤,将其放入塑料袋或容器中并冷冻。(共34张PPT)
Unit
5 Revealing
nature
Period
4 Developing
ideas(Ⅰ)
阅读提能课
自主素养储备
Ⅰ.根据语境选词填空
characteristic,decline,blame,primitive,detect,root,link,centimetre
1.
_________sharks
were
one
of
the
top
ocean
living
things.
2.The
need
to
communicate
is
a
key
____________of
human
society.
3.After
returning
home,my
mother
did
not
______me.
4.Women
always
can
______the
air
of
other
women
from
their
husbands.
5.Pakistan
denies
any
____between
the
attack.
6.The
_______of
new
jobs
is
a
fact.
7.There
is
a
five-
__________wound
on
the
back
of
his
head.
8.The
____of
some
plants
can
be
used
as
medicine.
Primitive
characteristic
blame
detect
link
decline
centimetre
root
Ⅱ.用合适的介/副词填空
1.These
plants
and
flowers
are
native
__Southern
California.
2.If
you
speak
English,you
can
communicate
____business
people
from
other
countries.
3.How
did
you
drive
him
_____?
4.And
__some
ways,this
is
completely
understandable.
5.
____example,“dogs”
is
the
plural
of
“dog”.
6.Could
you
share
____us
your
personal
experiences
and
hobbies?
to
with
away
in
For
with
理解文章大意
Read
The
Secret
Language
of
Plants
and
fill
in
the
form
below.
Paragraphs
1&2
Lead
in
From
fantasy
to
________
Paragraphs
3&4&5
Ways
of
communication
for
plants
_________
______
an
amazing
______
Paragraph
6
Summary
Learning
_____about
plants
research
chemicals
sound
system
more
1.decline
v.减少;衰退;谢绝
n.(数量、价值、质量等的)减少,下降,衰落
【观察·悟】
※The
number
of
trees
larger
than
two
feet
across
has
declined
by
50
percent
in
California
forests.(话题典句)
在加利福尼亚州的森林中,两英尺以上的树木数量已经减少了50%。
※Civilizations
do
eventually
decline
and
disappear.
各种文明最后都会衰落、消亡。
知识素养积淀
※I
really
appreciate
your
invitation,but
I
must
decline
it.
非常感谢你们的邀请,但我不得不谢绝。
※The
American
economy
continued
to
show
signs
of
gradual/rapid/steady
decline
in
September.
9月份,美国经济继续呈现出逐渐/快速/持续衰退的迹象。
【内化?用】
写出黑体单词在语境中的含义。
①The
number
of
staff
has
declined
from
217,000
to
114,000.
(
)
②The
popularity
of
television
has
contributed
to
the
decline
of
movie
industry.
(
)
减少
衰落
2.
blame
v.
责怪;指责;把……归咎于
【观察·悟】
※How
can
I
blame
him?
It
wasn’t
intentional.
我怎么能怪他呢?那又不是有意的。
※She
doesn’t
blame
anyone
for
her
father’s
death.
她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。
※Police
are
blaming
the
accident
on
dangerous
driving.
警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。
※Which
driver
was
to
blame
for
the
accident?
哪位司机该为此次事故负责?
【生成?得】
①blame
sb./sth.
___sth. 因……指责某人/事
②blame
sth.
___sb./sth.
把……归咎于
③be
to
blame
(for
sth.)
(对坏事)_________?
for
on
负有责任
【内化?用】 语法填空。
①A
dropped
cigarette
is
being
_______(blame)
for
the
fire.
②Parents
are
too
likely
to
blame
schools
___the
educational
limitations
of
their
children.
③My
brother’s
trying
to
blame
all
this
___me.
④You
are
mainly
________(blame)
for
the
accident.?
blamed
for
on
to
blame
3.primitive
adj.原始的;低等的 派生:
primitively
adv.最初地
primitiveness
n.原始性;原始
【观察·悟】
※We
survived
the
ice
ages
with
primitive
technologies.
我们靠着原始的技术手段在冰河时代生存了下来。
※We
aim
to
make
you
a
natural
and
primitively
simple
house
living.
我们希望能为您创造出一种自然、古朴的家居。
【生成?得】
primitive→
__________adv.
primitively
【内化?用】
用primitive的正确形式填空。
①This
paper
__________introduces
the
principle
of
DNA.
②It’s
using
some
rather
________technology.
primitively
primitive
4.be
native
to
源于……的,原产于……
【观察·悟】
※Look
at
the
pictures
of
species
native
to
different
regions
of
China.
看一下中国不同地区的本地物种图片。
※I
prefer
to
use
the
plants
that
used
to
be
native
to
the
river
before
it
became
so
polluted.我更喜欢使用原生的河道植物,最好是那种污染得还不太严重的。
※Shanghai
also
is
likely
to
be
home
to
Volvo’s
new
China
headquarters.
上海还有可能成为沃尔沃新的中国总部。
【生成?得】
①be
______to 原产于;源于……的
②be
_____to
是……的所在地
native
home
【内化?用】
完成句子。
①Most
of
the
trees
___________(原生于)Sri
Lanka.?
②Mysterious
Antarctica
may
__________(是……的发源地)the
oldest
civilization.?
are
native
to
be
home
to
5.It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
chemicals
to
communicate
with
each
other.
一段时间以来,人们就知道植物使用化学物质相互交流。
【观察·悟】
It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
形式主语
主语从句
chemicals
to
communicate
with
each
other.
本句是一个it作形式主语的主语从句。
※It
is
an
honor
that
I
have
the
chance
to
answer
your
question.
能有机会回答你的问题是我的荣幸。
※It
is
true
that
he
has
made
a
very
important
discovery
in
chemistry.他的确在化学领域有了一个非常重要的发现。
※It
seems
that
they
are
going
to
win
the
match.
似乎他们就要赢得这场比赛。
※It
is
known
to
all
that
the
gun
powder
was
first
invented
by
the
Chinese.
所有人都知道火药最初是由中国人发明的。
【生成?得】用it
作形式主语的结构
(1)
It
is
+_____+that从句
It
is
a
____that...事实是……
(2)
It
is
+_______+that从句
It
is
_______that...
很自然……
(3)
It
+不及物动词+that从句
It
_____that...
似乎……
(4)
It
is+过去分词+that从句
It
is
________that...
据报道……
名词
fact
形容词
natural
seems
reported
【内化?用】
完成句子。
①_____________________(常识,众所周知)that
Chinese
people
are
very
intelligent.?
②____________(有必要)that
we
have
a
walk
now.?
③___________(碰巧)that
he
was
not
there
that
day.?
④________(据说)that
Cang
Jie
created
the
Chinese
writing
system.?
It
is
common
knowledge
It
is
necessary
It
happened
It
is
said
【备选要点】
1.detect
v.发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物) 派生:
detection
n.察觉
detective
n.侦探
【观察·悟】
※When
another
bean
plant
detects
the
chemicals
from
its
injured
neighbour,it
starts
to
release
its
own,different
chemicals.(教材典句)
当另一种豆类植物从其受害邻居那里察觉到化学物质时,它开始释放自己的不同
的化学物质。
※A
new
voice
technology
was
able
to
speak
to
a
receptionist
and
book
a
reservation
without
detection.
一种新的语音技术可以与一名接待员通话,并在没有被发现的情况下进行预订。
※Sherlock
Holmes
is
a
famous
detective
in
stories.
故事中的夏洛克·福尔摩斯是一个著名的侦探。
※Otherwise
it
has
no
detectable
effect
on
the
program
output.
除此之外,在程序的输出上没有可察觉的影响。
【生成?得】
①________ n.察觉
②________
n.侦探
③_________
adj.可觉察的
detection
detective
detectable
【内化?用】完成句子。
①_______________________is
vitally
important.?
早期查出癌症是极为重要的。
②Doctors
say
the
disease
is
probably
____________at
birth.?
医生说该疾病可能在出生时是无法觉察到的。
③Despite
careful
_____________,many
items
have
never
been
recovered.尽管进
行了悉心探查,许多物品还是一直没有找回。
④The
new
test
should
enable
doctors
to
_______________early.?
新的检测手段应该能够使医生们尽早查出这种疾病。?
Early
detection
of
cancers
not
detectable
detective
work
detect
the
disease
2.link
v.把……联系起来;连接
n.联系;纽带
【观察·悟】
※Plants
have
an
amazing
system
of
communication
that
can
link
nearly
every
plant
in
a
forest.(教材典句)
植物具有一个惊人的通讯系统,可以将森林中几乎所有植物连接在一起。
※Police
suspect
there
may
be
a
link
between
the
two
murders.
警方怀疑那两桩凶杀案可能有关联。
※The
two
spacecraft
will
link
up
in
orbit.
两艘宇宙飞船将在轨道上对接。
【生成?得】
①link
A
_______B
把A和B联系起来
②_______(with
sb./sth.)
(与……)连接,结合;使结合
?
to/with
link
up
【内化?用】
用正确的介词填空。
①The
video
cameras
are
linked
__a
powerful
computer.
②The
bands
have
linked
___for
a
charity
concert.
③Newspapers
have
linked
his
name
____the
singer.
to
up
with
3.Scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other.科学家们每天都在更多地了解植物之间相互交流的秘密方式。?
【观察·悟】
Scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other.
先行词 介词
which定语从句
本句是介词+which引导的定语从句,先行词是ways。
※The
way
that
you
look
at
problems
is
wrong.
你看问题的方法不对。
※Wallace
and
Darwin
agreed
on
the
way
in
which
different
forms
of
life
had
begun.华莱士和达尔文对不同类型的生物是如何起源的持相同的观点。
※The
way
you’re
doing
it
is
completely
crazy.
你这么个干法,简直发疯。
【生成?得】
the
way后接定语从句时的三种模式:
(1)the
way
+____从句(2)the
way
+________
从句
(3)the
way+_____?
that
in
which
从句
【内化?用】
一句多译。
这就是他做事情的方式
①_________________________.?
②_____________________________.?
③_____________________.?
This
is
the
way
that
he
did
it
This
is
the
way
in
which
he
did
it
This
is
the
way
he
did
it
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母写出正确的单词
1.Martin
was
looking
c
______________elegant
in
this
dress.
2.We
agreed
to
offer
him
a
lift
but
he
d
_______.
3.It
is
Jack,not
I,that
should
be
to
b
_____.
4.P
_______human
beings
lived
by
fishing,hunting
and
gathering.
5.The
d
_______of
crime
is
not
always
easy.
6.Doctors
always
l
___smoking
with
early
death.
7.We
got
to
the
r
___of
the
problem.
8.The
length
of
this
pencil
is
seventeen
c
_________.
课时素养达标
haracteristically
eclined
lame
rimitive
etection
ink
oot
entimetres
Ⅱ.根据语境和汉语提示写出正确的短语
1.Six
spoken
languages
are
considered
to
__________(源于)the
British.
?
2.In
order
to
________________(与……交流)colleagues
better,Mr
Wang
decided
to
improve
his
way
of
speaking.?
3.The
new
discovery
would
__________(赶走)all
the
troubles.?
4.The
Chinese
test
is
____________(在某些方面)like
the
American
SAT,except
that
it
lasts
more
than
twice
as
long.?
5.
___________(例如),how
much
would
you
have
to
pay
for
a
front
tooth?
?
6.Please
let
me
_________(与……分享)you
some
of
my
excitement
of
the
past
couple
of
weeks.
?
be
native
to
communicate
with
drive
away
in
some
ways
For
example
share
with(共23张PPT)
Unit
5 Revealing
nature
Period
3 Using
language语法精析课
过去完成时
语法精讲透析
【体验?悟】
阅读下面课文原句,回答以下问题。
※原句1
His
room
on
the
ship
was
crowded
with
samples
of
the
plants
and
animals
he
had
collected.
※原句2
Darwin
suspected
that
the
finches
had
evolved
from
a
common
ancestor,which
had
arrived
on
the
islands
a
long
time
before.
【生成?得】
①crowd这个动作发生在collect这个动作_____。
②evolve和arrive两个动作都发生在suspect这个动作_____。
之后
之前
【研学?析】
一、定义
过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成的动作或状态(亦可以说是“过去的过去”)。过去完成时由had加过去分词构成。
二、过去完成时的构成
1.过去完成时的肯定句
句型:
主语
+
had
+
过去分词...
过去完成时的肯定句由助动词had加过去分词构成:
※He
had
already
been
to
New
York
earlier
in
the
week.
本周早些时候他已经去过纽约了。
2.过去完成时的否定句
句型:
主语
+
had
+
not
+
过去分词...
过去完成时的否定句是在助动词had后加not,之后是过去分词:
※
At
that
time
we
hadn’t
met
her.
那时我们还没有见到她。
3.过去完成时的一般疑问句
句型:
Had
+
主语
+
过去分词...?
回答方式:
Yes,主语
+
had./
No,主语
+
had
+
not.
过去完成时的一般疑问句是将助动词had置于主语之前(had的第一个字母大写),在句尾加问号;这种语序是倒装语序:
※
He
said
he
had
visited
the
museum
two
years
ago.
他说他两年前就参观了这个博物馆。
※Had
you
visited
the
museum
before
you
graduated?
你毕业之前参观过这个博物馆吗?
Yes,I
had./No,I
hadn’t.
是的,我参观过。/没有,我以前没有参观过。
【内化?用】
①Jane
___________when
you
rang.?
你打电话时简刚走。
②The
country
___________________from
the
effects
of
the
war.?
这个国家尚未从战争的影响下复原。
③
By
six
o’clock
they
___________for
8
hours.?
到6点钟他们已经工作了8小时了。
had
just
left
had
not
yet
recovered
had
worked
三、过去完成时的用法
1.表示较早的过去
表示较早的过去,即某一时刻之前已完成的动作或状态。
※
In
1980,I’d
never
been
to
Paris.(=I
never
went
to
Paris
before
1980.)
1980年之前我从未去过巴黎。
※After
we
had
landed,the
plane
was
searched
thoroughly.
我们降落后,飞机被彻底搜查了一遍。
2.用于间接引语
过去完成时的作用有时完全相当于现在完成时的过去形式,在间接引语中多有这种情况。
※
Helen
said(that)she
had
moved
to
another
flat.
海伦说她已搬到另一套公寓去了。
3.用于宾语从句
过去完成时表示一个过去的动作先于另一个过去的动作的用法,多见于宾语从句。一般说来,主句中用了know(知道),realize(意识到),think(认为),suppose(猜想),guess(推测),find(找到),discover(发现),decide(决定),remember(想起),forget(忘记)等动词的一般过去时,如果宾语从句中的动作先于主句的动作,通常用过去完成时。
※
I
didn’t
think
to
ask
her
if
she
had
passed
her
examination.
我没有想问她是否考试及格了。
4.强调过去动作的完成
※
I
began
collecting
stamps
in
February
and
by
November
I
had
collected
more
than
2,000.
我从2月份开始集邮,到11月已收集到2
000多枚。
5.用于虚拟语气
过去完成时的这一用法,常见于以if
only等引导的感叹句:
※
If
only
we
had
listened
to
their
advice!
我们要是听了他们的意见就好了!
※
If
only
we
had
seen
her
before
she
died.
要是在她去世之前我们能见她一面该有多好。
过去完成时的这一用法还见于构成虚拟语气的条件从句和I
wish...(我希望……),I’d
rather...(我宁愿……)后的that从句中。
※
I’d
rather
you
hadn’t
been
present.
我宁愿你当时不在场。
※
If
I
had
asked
for
directions,I
wouldn’t
have
gotten
lost.
如果我问一下路,就不会迷失方向了。
6.表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算和意图
过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图,只适用于下列动词:
expect(期待),hope(希望),intend(打算),mean(打算),suppose(料想),think(认为),want(想要)等。
※
We
had
hoped
that
you
would
be
able
to
visit
us.
我们原本希望你会来拜访我们。
7.与过去完成时连用的时间状语
与过去完成时连用的时间状语可以是already(已经),yet(仍然),still(还),just(刚刚),hardly...when(刚……就),scarcely...when(刚……就),ever(曾经),never(从来没有)等,也可以是by(不迟于),before(在……之前),until(直到),as
soon
as(一……就)等引导的词组或从句:
※
When
I
came
back
at
midnight
she
still
hadn’t
finished.
我半夜回来时,她还没有做完。
※
The
game
had
hardly/scarcely/barely
begun
when
it
started
raining.
比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。
【内化?用】语法填空。
①When
she
heard
that
her
father
________(die)in
the
accident,she
burst
out
crying.?
②If
only
you
___________(work)with
greater
care!
?
③I
__________(mean)to
take
a
good
holiday
this
year,but
I
was
not
able
to
leave.?
had
died
had
worked
had
meant
【常温故?勤总结
】
两张图理解过去完成时
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.When
I
returned
home,
he
_______(leave).?
2.By
ten
yesterday
evening,
she
___________(finish)writing.?
3.He
__________(study)
English
for
five
years
before
he
came
here.?
4.It
___________(stop)
raining
when
I
woke
up
this
morning.?
5.I
__________(not
read)
the
book
because
I
had
read
it
before.?
6.She
said
she
____(be)
born
in
1992.
课时素养达标
had
left
had
finished
had
studied
had
stopped
didn’t
read
was
7.When
he
_____(come)to
China
two
years
ago
he
found
people
didn’t
understand
him
at
all
though
he
___________(learn)some
Chinese
in
his
own
country.?
8.I
saw
Han
Mei
yesterday.We
__________(not
see)
each
other
since
I
left
Beijing.?
9.When
I
got
to
his
home,
he
________(go)
to
bed.?
10.She
asked
if
Mr
Liu
____already
_____(come)
back.
came
had
learned
hadn’t
seen
had
gone
had
come
Ⅱ.句型转换
1.I
had
sold
the
ticket
when
she
came.(改为否定句)
__________________________________
2.They
began
to
climb
the
mountain
after
they
had
bought
all
the
food
and
drinks.(改为否定句)
___________________________________after
they
had
bought
all
the
food
and
drinks.?
3.Lucy
had
already
completed
the
project
when
I
arrived.(改为一般疑问)
____________________________when
you
arrived
yet??
I
hadn’t
sold
the
ticket
when
she
came.?
They
didn’t
begin
to
climb
the
mountain
Had
Lucy
completed
the
project
4.By
the
time
he
got
to
the
airport,
the
plane
had
taken
off.(改为一般疑问)
_____________________by
the
time
he
got
to
the
airport??
5.We
cooked
the
dumplings.
We
ate
them
up.(用过去完成时连接两句)
After
__________________________,
we
ate
them
up.?
Had
the
plane
taken
off
we
had
cooked
the
dumplings(共35张PPT)
Unit
5 Revealing
nature
Period
2 Understanding
ideas
要点内化课
自主素养储备
Ⅰ.根据语境选词填空
seed,distant,sample,suspect,ancestor,generate,disgrace,evolve
1.Their
best
friend
was
someone
in
a
______place
that
they
had
never
met.
2.He
seems
to
be
telling
the
truth
though
I
_______he’s
hiding
something.
3.His
colleagues
wanted
to
understand
how
a
tree
could
________enough
power.
4.City
is
a
human
creation,and
it
continues
to
______and
grow.
5.Each
of
these
words
is
a
living
____,which
is
able
to
take
root,and
grow
and
bear
fruit
in
our
hearts.
distant
suspect
generate
evolve
seed
6.With
a
microscope,he
observed
the
surface
of
the
_______.
7.He
did
not
know
from
which
part
of
Africa
his
________had
come.
8.He
considers
it
a
________for
a
man
to
fall
in
hand
with
his
wife.
sample
ancestor
disgrace
Ⅱ.根据语境和汉语提示填入适当的短语
1.Every
young
man
should
be
ready
to
_____________(响应号召)to
serve
our
country.?
2.To
be
lazy
is
considered
to
____________(是一种耻辱)in
our
society.?
3.Technological
changes
will
inevitably
______(导致)unemployment.?
4.The
old
town
square
________________(挤满了)people.?
5.The
world
will
be
different,and
we
will
have
to
be
prepared
to
________(适应)
the
change.?
answer
the
call
be
a
disgrace
lead
to
was
crowded
with
adapt
to
6.People
change
their
mind
for
__________(各种各样的)reasons.?
7.Great
historical
achievements
often
___________(进化自)simple
concepts.?
8.This
place
ought
to
_____________(被当作)one
of
the
top
sights
of
China.?
a
variety
of
evolve
from
be
regarded
as
词
汇
微
空
间
动词+-tion→名词
evolve(v.)进化
→evolution
(n.)演变
revolve(v.)旋转→_________(n.)革命
solve(v.)解决→_______(n.)解决办法
revolution
solution
1.distant
adj.遥远的;不同的 派生:
distantly
adv.遥远地
distance
n.远处;距离
【观察·悟】
※He
got
the
opportunity
of
visiting
distant
countries
yet
unknown.
他得到了访问遥远的未知国度的机会。
※Their
life
seemed
totally
distant
from
his
own.
他们的生活与他自己的生活似乎完全不同。
※I
heard
dogs
barking
distantly
in
the
hills.
我听见了远处山里的狗吠声。
※
We
suddenly
saw
her
in
the
distance.
我们突然在远处看见她。
知识素养积淀
【生成?得】
①________ adv.遥远地;依稀地
②________
n.远处;距离
distantly
distance
【内化?用】
用distant的正确形式填空。
①He
________remembers
that
the
islands
were
the
only
part
of
Britain.
②The
moon
is
really
______from
the
earth.
③After
walking
a
long
________,we
were
tired
and
hungry.
distantly
distant
distance
2.sample
n.样本
v.取样;品尝
【观察·悟】
※His
room
on
the
ship
was
crowded
with
samples
of
the
plants
and
animals.(教材典句)
他在船上的房间里堆满了动植物的样本。
※We
sampled
six
different
teas.
我们品尝了六种不同的茶。
※This
building
is
a
good
example
of
European
architecture.
这栋大楼是欧洲建筑的一个很好的范例。
※In
this
instance
she
admitted
that
he
was
wronged.
在这一点上她承认他被冤枉了。
【生成?得】
sample的近义词
①________n. 代表范例
②________n.
特定实例
example
instance
【内化?用】语法填空。
①He
was
fond
of
collecting
the
_______(sample)of
different
leaves.
②He
set
us
a
good
________(example)for
hard-working.
③In
most
________(instance),there
will
be
no
need
for
further
treatment.
samples
example
instances
3.evolve
v.进化
【观察·悟】
※Living
things,including
humans,had
evolved
from
lower
forms
of
life.(教材典句)
包括人类在内的生命都是从低级的生命进化而来的。
※
Language
is
constantly
and
gradually
evolving.
语言在不断地缓慢发展。
※
(2019·江苏高考)It
seems
obvious
that
evolution
should
select
for
larger
brains.
显然,物种进化会选择更大的大脑。
【生成?得】
①evolve
_____...into 从……进化到……
②________
n.进化
from
evolution
【内化?用】根据语境写出evolve的正确形式。
①The
British
political
system
__________over
several
centuries.?
②We
have
developed
a
new
theory
of
________.
完成句子。
③The
company
______________a
major
chemical
factory.?
这家公司已逐步发展成一个大型的化工厂。
has
evolved
evolution
has
evolved
into
4.suspect
v.猜想;怀疑
adj.不可信的;可疑的
n.嫌疑分子;可疑对象 同义
doubt
v.怀疑
【观察·悟】
※Doctors
suspect
he
may
have
a
heart
condition.(话题典句)
医生怀疑他可能有心脏病。
※The
evidence
of
the
theory
is
suspect.
这个理论的证据还是让人怀疑的。
※The
suspect
had
refused
to
give
any
details
of
his
identity.
嫌疑犯拒绝说出他的具体身份。
※I
doubt
whether
he
will
come
to
my
birthday
party.
我不确定他是否会参加我的生日聚会。
【生成?得】
①suspect
sth./that... _________……
②be
suspected
__doing
sth.
被怀疑做了某事
③suspect
sb.
_____
怀疑/猜想某人是……?
怀疑/认为
of
to
be
【内化?用】
用含有suspect的词块填空。
①Do
you
have
any
reasons
for
______________(怀疑他们)?
?
②____________(我怀疑)she
is
going
to
be
abroad.
?
③They
_______________(怀疑他)
betraying
state
secrets.?
suspecting
them
I
suspect
that
suspected
him
of
5.answer
the
call
响应号召;接听电话
【观察·悟】
※The
person
who
answered
the
call
was
not
the
captain’s
first
choice.(教材典句)
响应号召的那个人并不是船长的第一选择。
※You
must
have
fallen
asleep
just
now,because
it
took
you
a
long
time
to
answer
the
call.
你刚才肯定是睡着了,因为过了好长时间你才接电话。
※Many
medical
workers
answered
the
call
to
fight
against
COVID-19
when
they
heard
the
news.(时事典句)
许多医务工作者听到消息就响应号召去与新型冠状病毒肺炎作战。
【生成?得】
①answer
_____ 为自己辩护,顶嘴
②answer
___
对……负责
③answer
__
应答;
(对……)有反应
④answer
with
_______________
back
for
to
以……作出回应
【内化?用】
用含有answer的词块填空。
①When
your
father
scolds
you,you
shouldn’t
___________(顶嘴).?
②If
you
can’t
__________(对……负责)her
safety,you
shouldn’t
take
her
there.?
③This
course
will
_________(满足)the
needs
of
students.?
④The
crowd
_________________(对他报以)prolonged
applause.?
answer
back
answer
for
answer
to
answered
him
with
6.What’s
more,he
had
recently
received
a
letter
from
his
father
predicting
that
he
would
be
“a
disgrace
to
yourself
and
all
your
family”.而且,他最近收到父亲的来信,预言他将“让自己和整个家庭蒙羞”。
【观察·悟】
What’s
more,he
had
recently
received
a
letter
from
his
father
predicting
that
he
would
be
“a
disgrace
to
yourself
and
all
your
family”.
句中letter和predict之间是主谓关系,predict故用-ing形式。
※The
man
standing
by
the
door
is
my
father.
=The
man
who
is
standing
by
the
door
is
my
father.
站在门口的那个人是我的爸爸。
※The
pen
lying
on
the
table
belongs
to
you.
=The
pen
which
is
lying
on
the
table
belongs
to
you.
放在桌子上的笔是你的。
【内化?用】
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
①The
girl
________(stand)in
that
street
is
my
favorite
friend.
②What’s
the
language
_______(speak)in
that
area?
③We’ve
already
reached
the
target
___(set)in
the
program.
standing
spoken
set
7.Darwin
suspected
that
the
finches
had
evolved
from
a
common
ancestor,which
had
arrived
on
the
islands
a
long
time
before.达尔文怀疑这些雀科鸣禽是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的,该祖先很久以前就到达了这些岛上。
【观察·悟】
Darwin
suspected
that
the
finches
had
evolved
from
a
宾语从句
common
ancestor,
which
had
arrived
on
the
islands
a
非限制性定语从句
long
time
before.
本句包含两个从句,that引导的是宾语从句,which引导的是非限制性定语从句。
※I
didn’t
know
that
he
was
wounded
in
the
accident.
我原来不知道他在那场事故中受了伤。
※
I
knew
she
had
gone
to
a
farm,but
I
didn’t
know
which
farm
she
had
gone
to.
我知道她去了一个农场,但不知道她去了哪个农场。
※I
knew
she
would
go
to
a
farm,but
I
didn’t
know
which
farm
she
would
go
to.
我知道她要去一个农场,但是不知道她要去哪个农场。
※He
likes
to
read
books
which
are
written
by
foreign
writers.他喜欢外国作家写的书。
※This
is
the
pen
which
he
bought
yesterday.
这是他昨天买的钢笔。
【点拨迷津】
宾语从句讲述的如果是一种自然现象、客观真理、恒久不变的事实,则从句用一般现在时。
※The
teacher
tells/told
us
that
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun.
老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①The
house
which
__(be)by
the
lake
looks
nice.
②The
professor
who
_______(lecture)yesterday
is
from
Peking
University.
③She
says
she
______(go)to
the
farm
tomorrow.?
④He
told
me
that
he
___________(finish)his
homework
last
night.?
is
lectured
will
go
had
finished
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母写出正确的单词
1.When
the
virus
hit,he
handed
over
the
s
_______to
one
of
the
scientists
trying
to
stop
the
virus.
2.My
a
_______had
to
move
abroad
to
keep
away
from
the
war.
3.Each
g
_________will
grow
up
into
parents
whether
you
like
it
or
not.
4.This
theory
was
put
by
Li
Siguang,a
famous
Chinese
g
_______.
课时素养达标
amples
ncestor
eneration
eologist
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.There
appeared
to
be
a
man
in
black
_____________.?
远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。
2.I
________________________,Deputy
Gross
wasn’t
trying
to
be
a
hero;
he
was
just
doing
his
job.?
我猜想在那一刻,格罗斯副警长并不是试图成为一名英雄,他只是在做他的工作。
3.Humans
did
not
___________chimpanzees.?
人类不是由黑猩猩进化来的。
in
the
distance
suspect
that
at
that
moment
evolve
from
4.A
problem
occurred
while
you
were
trying
to
_____________.?
你试图接电话时出现了问题。
5.It’s
not
easy
to
________this
time
difference,but
it’s
something
that
goes
gradually,day
by
day.?
要适应时差是不容易的,不过这也是个逐渐的过程,一天天的就好了。
6.On
the
National
Day,the
whole
city
was
decorated
with
__________fresh
flowers
and
looked
like
an
ocean
of
flowers.?
在国庆节整个城市到处被各种各样的鲜花装饰,看上去似乎成了花的海洋。
answer
the
call
adapt
to
a
variety
of
Ⅲ.句型转换
1.The
boy
who
is
making
faces
is
my
son.
=___________________is
my
son.?
2.The
goods
that
are
bought
online
are
cheaper
than
those
in
stores.
=_____________________are
cheaper
than
those
in
stores.?
3.Tom
said
to
me,“I
told
Ada
about
the
meeting
already.”
=Tom
told
me
that
_____________________________________.?
The
boy
making
faces
The
goods
bought
online
he
had
told
Ada
about
the
meeting
already
4.It
is
the
place
where
he
once
lived.
=It
is
the
place
___________________.?
in
which
he
once
lived(共24张PPT)
Unit
5 Revealing
nature
Period
1 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
语篇研读课
自主素养储备
Ⅰ.新词相知
(一)连线相匹配的英语释义。
seed
distant
sample
suspect
ancestor
generate
a.to
bring
something
into
existence
or
effect
b.a
part
of
plant
that
gives
rise
to
a
new
individual
c.to
think
that
something
is
probably
true
or
likely
to
happen
d.part
of
something,used
as
an
example
e.situated,living,or
happening
far
away
f.an
animal
or
a
plant
from
which
a
species
has
evolved
答案:
bedcfa
(二)结合语境,从上面的方框中选择恰当的单词填空。
1.The
heat
energy
can
be
used
to
________electricity.
2.This
kind
of
dinosaur
was
not
the
________of
birds.
3.I
_______that
this
will
be
a
difficult
task
and
I
want
trusted
companions
with
me.
4.Surgery
is
often
used
to
obtain
a
_______to
diagnose
disease.
5.They
all
believe
that
God
is
in
the
sky,in
a
______place
called
heaven.
6.The
boy
wants
to
see
whether
the
____will
grow
into
real
watermelon
or
not.
generate
ancestor
suspect
sample
distant
seed
Ⅱ.短语熟记
选择恰当的短语补全下列语境
be
a
disgrace;lead
to;be
crowded
with;come
to
exist;
be
similar
to
1.We
should
take
harming
the
motherland
to
____________.?
2.They
say
that
this
will
not
______price
increases.?
3.Certain
knowledge
____________in
certain
places.?
4.The
main
street
______________cars
every
morning.?
5.Its
structure
may
___________that
of
another
box.?
be
a
disgrace
lead
to
comes
to
exist
is
crowded
with
be
similar
to
课文浅触
1.阅读A
Journey
of
Discovery,思考你对这个标题的理解。
2.What
is
On
the
Origin
of
Species?
Is
it
related
with
the
journey
of
discovery?
_______________________________________________________________________
It
is
a
book
about
Darwin’s
theory
of
evolution.It
was
published
after
the
journey.?
Step
1 While
reading
Ⅰ.Write
down
the
right
timeline
of
the
events
A.On
the
Origin
of
Species
caused
a
storm
in
1859.
B.Darwin
collected
different
samples
of
the
plants
and
animals
in
South
America.
C.Darwin
suspected
the
evolution
of
birds
in
a
particular
island.
D.A
young
man
without
completing
his
degree
answered
the
call.
E.The
captain
of
the
Beagle
wanted
someone
on
board.
答案:
EDBCA
探究素养提能
Ⅱ.Choose
the
best
answer.
1.Darwin
was
not
the
captain’s
first
choice
for
the
following
reasons
except_______.?
A.He
left
medical
school
without
completing
his
degree
B.The
captain
wanted
someone
who
would
make
profit
C.Even
his
father
predicted
that
he
would
be
a
disgrace
D.His
adventures
would
lead
to
the
most
important
scientific
discovery
of
all
time
2.Which
of
the
following
events
happened
first?
A.The
Beagle
reached
the
Galapagos
Islands.
B.The
young
man
left
Britain
on
the
ship.
C.Darwin
spent
some
time
in
South
America.
D.Darwin
explained
a
theory
in
his
book.
3.Why
wasn’t
Darwin’s
book
published
until
1859
and
immediately
caused
a
storm?
A.People
at
that
time
couldn’t
believe
the
theory
of
evolution.
B.Darwin
noticed
that
some
species
of
animals
were
very
similar
to
each
other.
C.Darwin’s
scientific
studies
were
not
so
convincing.
D.Darwin
didn’t
complete
his
journey
on
the
Beagle.
答案:
1～3.DBA
Ⅲ.Answer
the
following
questions.
1.Why
did
Darwin’s
father
predict
that
he
would
be
a
disgrace?
__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
2.What
did
Darwin
do
on
the
Galapagos
Islands?
____________________________________________________________________
_________________
Darwin
was
a
young
man
who
had
left
medical
school
without
completing
his
degree
and
his
father
didn’t
believe
in
him.?
He
saw
a
variety
of
new
species
and
noticed
a
difference
between
the
finches
on
each
of
the
islands.?
Ⅳ.Sentence
explanation.
Darwin
suspected
that
the
finches
had
evolved
from
a
common
ancestor,which
had
arrived
on
the
islands
a
long
time
before.
分析:
本句包含一个宾语从句和定语从句。
Step
2 Post-reading
Suppose
you
are
the
captain
of
the
Beagle,try
to
tell
Darwin’s
journey.
I
was
the
captain
of
the
Beagle.I
wanted
to
find
someone
who
would
1.
_____by
the
journey.Though
the
person
who
2.
_______________was
not
the
first
choice,I
chose
the
young
man
in
question,Charles
Darwin.He
studied
3.
__________new
species
in
their
natural
environments.He
collected
different
4.
_______of
the
plants
and
animals
and
filled
his
room
with
them
5.
_________.In
all
his
journey,he
was
always
in
deep
thought
about
the
6.
_____things
he
met.When
his
book
was
7.
_________,I
realized
8.
_____he
was
thinking
in
the
journey.We
all
were
9.
_______but
had
to
believe
his
theory
of
10.
________.I
felt
really
honored
to
be
with
him
along
the
journey
on
the
Beagle.?
profit
answered
the
call
a
variety
of
samples
on
the
ship
living
published
what
shocked
evolution
Pre-reading
On
the
Origin
of
Species,published
on
24
November
1859,is
a
work
of
scientific
literature
by
Charles
Darwin
which
is
considered
to
be
the
foundation
of
evolutionary
biology.Darwin’s
book
introduced
the
scientific
theory
that
populations
evolve
over
the
course
of
generations
through
a
process
of
natural
selection.Darwin
included
evidence
that
he
had
gathered
on
the
Beagle
journey
in
the
1830s
and
his
findings
from
research
and
experiment.
Ⅰ.Do
you
know
how
the
species
evolved
today?
1.Q:
How
many
paragraphs
does
the
passage
contain?
A:
________________.?
2.Q:
What
does
the
passage
mainly
talk
about?
A:
Darwin’s
_______of
discovery.
Seven
paragraphs
journey
Ⅱ.Fill
in
the
form
below.
A
Journey
of
Discovery
Who
Charles
Darwin
When
In
_____
What
His
__________on
a
ship
led
to
one
of
the
most
important
__________________of
all
time.
1831
adventures
scientific
discoveries
【主题情境思考】
Suppose
you
are
Darwin,how
do
you
think
the
human
species
will
evolve
in
the
future?
You
know
nowadays
people
spend
more
time
on
cellphones.So
will
the
eyesight
and
the
hands
of
humans
have
some
changes
in
the
future?
_______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________?
worse
and
worse.
of
computers
and
cellphones.And
maybe
the
eyesight
and
the
hands
will
be
now
is
that
the
brain
will
be
smaller
because
people
think
less
with
the
help
Human
beings
will
of
course
evolve
in
the
future.What
we
can
know
from
阅读理解
One
of
the
most
famous
scientists
to
study
adaptation
(适应能力)
was
Charles
Darwin.He
was
born
in
England
in
1809.He
wasn’t
the
best
student
in
his
school,
but
when
he
was
16,his
father
sent
him
to
a
medical
school.Charles
liked
spending
time
outdoors
observing
(观察)
nature
more
than
attending
medical
classes
and
dropped
out
without
graduating.
Next,Charles’
father
sent
him
to
school
to
become
a
minister
(牧师).This
time
he
made
it
to
graduation,but
he
didn’t
want
to
do
the
work
of
a
minister.His
friends
encouraged
him
to
follow
his
interest
in
science.
课时素养达标
After
graduation,Charles
was
invited
to
sail
on
the
Beagle
as
an
unpaid
scientist.He
wasn’t
the
first
choice,but
he
was
the
lucky
one
to
go.The
Beagle
was
to
travel
to
South
America
and
then
around
the
world.The
crew’s
task
was
to
make
maps
of
the
places
they
visited.
On
December
27th,1831
Charles
Darwin
sailed
from
England
on
the
Beagle.The
trip
was
planned
to
last
two
years.In
fact,it
lasted
five
years.During
this
time,he
saw
many
amazing
things.He
collected
lots
of
plants
and
animals
and
took
them
back
to
England
to
study.
Twenty-three
years
later,Darwin
published
an
scientific
paper
with
another
man
named
Wallace.Darwin
described
how
some
animals
have
adaptation
that
helps
them
survive.It
is
passed
on
to
offspring
(后代).Darwin’s
ideas
about
adaptation
are
still
very
important
to
the
study
of
living
things.
【语篇概述】查尔斯·达尔文是一位研究适应能力的著名的科学家。他最初上的是医学院,但没毕业就退学了。他的父亲又送他去上学当牧师。毕业后,查尔斯被邀请在贝格尔号上航行五年。在旅行途中他搜集了很多植物和动物,然后把它们带回英国研究。
1.Darwin
was
very
interested
in_______.?
A.attending
medical
classes
B.the
work
of
a
minister
C.sailing
around
the
world
D.science
2.The
Beagle
was
a(n)_______.?
A.ship B.plane C.plant D.animal
3.When
Darwin
published
the
scientific
paper,he
was_______years
old.?
A.twenty-three
B.twenty-two
C.forty-five
D.fifty
4.The
underlined
word
“It”
in
the
last
paragraph
refers
to
_______.?
A.adaptation
B.Darwin
and
Wallace
C.animals
D.Darwin’s
ideas
答案:
1～4.DADA
