(共56张PPT)
Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Period
2 Understanding
ideas要点内化课
自主素养储备
Ⅰ.根据语境和提示词写出正确的单词
1.If
I
pay
off
all
my
_____
(debt)
I’ll
have
no
money.
2.I
wasn’t
________
(inform)
of
the
decision
until
it
was
too
late.
3.______
(rare)
have
I
seen
such
a
scene.
4.Her
________
(reject)
of
him
seems
to
have
made
him
go
back
into
his
shell.
5.____________
(persevere)
can
make
you
smile
at
last.
6.Express
your
________
(criticize)
to
matters
you
understand.
7.I
am
________
(delight)
to
see
all
so
happy.
8.The
prevention
and
control
work
has
achieved
notable
________
(outcome).
debts
informed
Rarely
rejection
Perseverance
criticism
delighted
outcomes
词
汇
微
空
间
v.+
-ion→
名词
reject拒绝;否决→rejection
拒绝;否决
infect传染;感染→________
传染;感染
connect连接→__________
连接
construct建造→___________
建造
correct改正→_________
改正
invent发明→_________
发明
suggest建议→_________
建议
infection
connection
construction
correction
invention
suggestion
Ⅱ.根据语境及汉语提示写出短语
1.You
are
needed
in
this
world—don’t
ever
_______(放弃)!?
2.Reporters
should
_______(坚持)
investigating
the
facts.?
3.Let’s
_______________(举例)
a
discussion
database
with
10,000
main
topics
and
100,000
response
documents.?
4.I
____________________________(和……有共同之处)
the
others.?
5.I
______________(对……感兴趣)
the
ten-week
trip
next
spring.?
6.She
___________(拒绝)
every
offer
of
help.?
give
up
stick
to
take
for
example
have
something
in
common
with
am
interested
in
turned
down
7.Their
expenses
reached
________(总共)
1,000
pounds.?
8.This
city
has
a
population
of
_________(超过)
1,000,000.?
9.I
_________(梦见)
seeing
her
last
night.?
10.This
can
_____________(被认为是)
a
great
achievement.?
a
total
of
more
than
dreamt
of
be
regarded
as
1.debt
n.债务,欠款 同义词:
bill
n.账单 派生词:
debtor
n.借方;债务人
debtee
n.
债权人;债主
【观察·悟】
(2019·天津高考)Most
of
his
adult
life
has
been
a
losing
struggle
against
debt
and
misfortune.(高考典句)
他成年后的大部分时间,都在与债务和不幸作斗争。
知识素养积淀
We’re
in
debt
to
the
bank
to
the
tune
of
$40
million.
我们对银行的欠债总额已达4,000万美元。
He
borrowed
more
money
than
he
could
repay
and
thus
got
into
debt.他借的钱超出了偿还能力,因此,他开始负债。
He
wrote
the
novels
to
get
out
of
debt.
他为了还清债务而写了这些小说。
【生成?得】
①be
________debt
(to
sb.)
欠/不欠(某人的)债?
②get
into/
out
of
debt
_____________
【熟词生义】
I
shall
be
forever
in
her
debt.(
)
我将永远欠她人情。
in/out
of
负债/还清债务
n.人情债
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①He
was
already
__
debt
through
gambling
losses.
②Within
a
few
months,
he
was
out
__
debt
and
making
money
once
again.
③After
she
lost
her
job,
she
got
____
debt.
in
of
into
2.inform
v.通知,告知 同义词:
announce
v.通知
反义词:
hide
v.隐藏
派生词:
information
n.信息
【观察·悟】
If
you
saw
the
accident,
please
inform
the
police.
如果你看见那次事故的发生,请告知警察。
You
ought
to
inform
the
police
about/of
that
man
who’s
been
hiding
in
the
bushes
outside
your
gate.
那人一直藏在你门外的矮树丛中,你应该把这情况告诉警察。
I
informed
him
that
he
must
start
at
twelve
o’clock.
我通知他必须12点钟出发。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Be
sure
to
stay
on
topic
and
not
offer
irrelevant
information.(高考典句)
一定要紧扣主题,不要提供不相关的信息。
【生成?得】
①inform(sb.)
________
sth.
将某事告知(某人)
②inform
sb.____/wh-clause
通知某人……
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①We
shall
inform
you
________
the
date
of
our
arrival.
②If
more
___________
(inform)
is
needed,
they
will
ask.
完成句子。
③We
regret
to
______________we
cannot
help
you.?
我们很遗憾地通知您,我们无法帮助您。
about/of
of/about
information
inform
you
that
that
3.rarely
adv.很少,难得 同义词:
seldom
adv.很少
hardly
adv.几乎不
反义词:
always
adv.总是;一直
often/frequently
adv.经常
【观察·悟】
Everyone
knows
that
success
rarely
happens
overnight,
but
perhaps
not
many
know
that
a
lot
of
highly
successful
writers
have
previously
faced
rejection.(教材典句)
每个人都知道成功不是一蹴而就的,但也许没有多少人知道,许多非常成功的作家曾经面临过拒绝。
The
high
speed
and
massive
scale
of
China’s
response
are
rarely
seen
in
the
world.(时事典句)
中国反应速度之快、规模之大,世所罕见。
Rarely
have
I
seen
such
a
scene.
我难得看到这样的场面。
【生成?得】
rarely用于句首时须采用_________语序。
【联想空间】
rare
adj.罕见的;珍贵的
部分倒装
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①You
shouldn’t
miss
the
opportunity
to
see
the
play—it’s
______
(rare)
put
on.
②Rarely
___
(do)
I
meet
Mr
Eldon
before.
完成句子。
③I
__________________________in
my
composition.?
我很少在作文中犯拼写错误。
rarely
did
rarely
make
spelling
mistakes
【拓展训练】
完成句子。
①Increased
uptake
of
electric
vehicles
_______________________for
a
win-win-win
for
society.?
增加电动汽车的使用为社会创造了一个难得的三赢机会。
②Efforts
will
also
be
made
to
protect
___________.?
此外,还得努力保护稀有物种。
creates
a
rare
opportunity
rare
species
4.persevere
v.锲而不舍,坚持不懈 同义词:
insist/persist
v.坚持 派生词:
perseverance
n.毅力;不屈不挠
【观察·悟】
They
will
work
under
pressure,
persevere,
and
dedicate
themselves
to
the
cause
of
nuclear
safety.(时事典句)
他们将在压力下工作,坚持不懈,致力于核安全事业。
We
must
persevere
in/with
the
tough
work.(话题典句)
我们一定要坚持这项艰苦的工作。
While
a
lot
of
hard
work
and
a
touch
of
luck
play
a
part,
perseverance
is
the
key.(教材典句)
虽然大量艰苦的工作和一点点的运气起作用,但坚持是关键。
【生成?得】
persevere
_______
(doing)
sth.坚持(做)某事
in/with
【语境巧记】
The
early
settlers
persevered
in
the
face
of
hardship
and
danger.They
lost
half
their
number
to
disease
and
hunger,
but
their
perseverance
paid
off.They
have
persevered
in
pursuing
their
dreams
for
years.
早期的定居者面对困难和危险,仍然坚持不懈。因为疾病和饥饿,他们失去了一半人,但他们的毅力得到了回报。他们多年来一直坚持追求自己的梦想。
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①She
persevered
_______
her
studies
and
graduated
near
the
top
of
her
class.
②In
spite
of
difficulties,
she
persevered
in
________
(learn)
to
speak
French.
③He
is
slow
to
learn,
but
shows
great
____________
(persevere).
in/with
learning
perseverance
5.guarantee
v.&n.保证,确保 同义词:
assure/
ensure
v.保证;确保
【观察·悟】
So,
it
seems
that
talent
alone
isn’t
enough
to
guarantee
success.(教材典句)
所以,看来单凭天赋并不足以保证成功。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Data
security
measures
are
guaranteed.
(高考典句)数据安全措施是有保证的。
I
will
guarantee
to
prove
every
statement
I
made.
我将保证实现我的每一项声明。
In
the
meantime,
agricultural
production
and
stable
prices
of
farm
product
should
be
guaranteed.
同时,要保证农业生产和农产品的价格稳定。
The
car
is
less
than
a
year
old,
and
therefore
it
is
still
under
guarantee.
这辆汽车用不到一年,因此仍在保修期内。
【生成?得】
①guarantee
_____sth.
保证做某事?
②guarantee
___
保证,担保(用多久)
③______
guarantee
在保修期内
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①Our
goods
_____________(guarantee),
so
you
may
return
any
bad
ones.?
②The
camera
is
guaranteed
___
twelve
months.
③The
computer
was
still
______
guarantee.
to
do
for
under
are
guaranteed
for
under
6.delighted
adj.愉快的,高兴的 同义词:
happy/
glad/
pleased
adj.高兴的 反义词:
sad
adj.悲伤的
【观察·悟】
They
were
delighted
and
began
to
dance
happily.
他们很高兴,开始快乐地跳舞。
I
was
delighted
to
hear
the
news
of
your
success.
听到你成功的消息我非常高兴。
The
boy
was
delighted
with
his
new
toy.
男孩有了新玩具后很高兴。
【生成?得】
①be
delighted
_____sth.
很高兴做某事?
②be
delighted
____...
因……高兴
【知识延伸】
delight
v.
(使)高兴
n.高兴
in/with
delight
高兴地
to
one’s
delight
令某人高兴的是
delightful
adj.
令人高兴的
to
do
with
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①They
were
delighted
____
the
result.
②He
was
delighted
______(find)
that
book.?
③We
were
absolutely
________
(delight)
when
she
said
she
would
come.
with
to
find
delighted
【拓展训练】语法填空。
①I
did
not
expect
that
he
should
promise
_______
delight.
②___
her
great
delight
she
passed
the
examination
with
first-class
honours.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)It
gave
me
a
new
appreciation
for
his
strange
and
_________
(delight)
words.
in/with
To
delightful
7.After
a
total
of
twelve
rejections,
one
publisher
eventually
agreed
to
print
500
copies
of
her
first
book,
and
as
we
know,
Harry
Potter
became
a
global
success,
with
over
400
million
books
sold
and
translated
into
more
than
seventy
different
languages.在遭到总共十二次拒绝后,一个出版商最终同意印刷500本她的第一本书,我们都知道,《哈利·波特》在全球获得了成功,售出了超过4亿本书,并被翻译成了七十多种不同的语言。?
【观察·悟】
(2019·江苏高考)China’s
image
is
improving
steadily,
with
more
countries
recognizing
its
role
in
international
affairs.(伴随状语)
(高考典句)中国的形象正在稳步提升,更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。
I
can’t
go
out
with
all
these
clothes
to
wash.(原因状语)
因为要洗这些衣服,我无法出去。
He
often
sleeps
with
the
windows
open.(伴随状语)
他经常开着窗睡觉。
With
the
expansion
of
testing
that
enables
better
diagnosis
of
COVID-19,
the
number
of
new
cases
in
the
world
will
increase
further.
随着诊断新型冠状病毒肺炎的检测工作的扩展,全球新病例将进一步增加。
【生成?得】
在with复合结构中,复合结构作介词with的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由
名词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当,在句
中表状态或说明背景情况,常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等___语或定语。具体
结构如下:
(1)with
+
名词
+
过去分词
(强调名词是过去分词动作的_____者或动作_____完
成)
(2)with+名词
+
现在分词(强调名词是现在分词动作的_____者或某动作、状态
_____进行)
状
承受
已经
发出
正在
(3)with+名词+不定式(不定式动作_____发生)
(4)with+名词+形容词(强调名词的特性或状态)
(5)with+名词+副词
(6)with+名词+介词短语
【点拨迷津】with复合结构的位置
(1)作状语时可以在句子前面或后面,在前面时常用___号与句子隔开;
(2)作定语时则常在所修饰的名词之___,一般不用逗号隔开。
尚未
逗
后
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①All
the
afternoon
he
worked
with
the
door
______
(lock).
②With
prices
_____
(going)
up
so
fast,
we
can’t
afford
luxuries.
③With
a
lot
of
work
_____(do),
he
wasn’t
allowed
to
go
out.?
完成句子。
④It
was
cold
outside,
so
the
boy
ran
into
the
room
_______________.?
外面天气很冷,所以那个男孩跑进屋子时,鼻子红红的。
locked
going
to
do
with
his
nose
red
【备选要点】
1.pace
n.速度,进度
v.踱步 同义词:
speed
n.速度step
n.步
【观察·悟】
The
Amazon
rainforest
slows
the
pace
of
global
warming.(时事典句)亚马孙雨林减缓了全球变暖的速度。
Whatever
you
want
to
learn,
the
app
allows
you
to
go
at
your
own
pace.无论你想学什么,这个应用程序都可以让你按照自己的节奏前进。
She
works
so
fast
that
I
can’t
keep
pace
with
her.
她工作得很快,我跟不上她的速度。
He
gets
up,
and
begins
to
pace
up
and
down.
他起身并开始踱来踱去。
【生成?得】
①keep
pace
(____)
(与……)并驾齐驱;齐头并进
②__...pace
以……步伐
③pace
up
and
down
_________
with
at
踱来踱去
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①The
work
progressed
__
a
fast
pace.
②Rodney
knew
I
was
trying
very
hard
to
keep
pace
____
him.
完成句子。
③Stop
__________________!?
别再走来走去了!
at
with
pacing
up
and
down
2.dread
v.
&
n.畏惧;惧怕 同义词:
fear/
fright/
horror/
terror
n.害怕 反义词:
bravery
n.勇敢confidence
n.信心
courage
n.勇气
派生词:
dreadful
adj.可怕的
【观察·悟】
These
are
the
words
that
every
writer
dreads
receiving,
but
words
every
writer
knows
well.(教材典句)
这是每个作家都害怕收到的话,却是每个作家都很熟悉的话。
I
dread
to
think
what
will
happen
in
the
next
few
days.
我不敢想接下来的几日内将会发生什么。
They’re
often
associated
with
feelings
of
dread.
它们常常与恐惧感联系在一起。
He
told
me
a
dreadful
story.
他给我讲了一个可怕的故事。
【生成?得】
dread
__________sth.害怕做某事?
doing/to
do
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①I
dread
___________(see)
him
again.?
②They
told
us
the
________
(dread)
news.
完成句子。
③Every
smartphone
user
knows
_________________his
battery
percentage
plunge
into
single
digits.?
每个智能手机用户都知道看到自己的电池百分比降到个位数的恐惧。
to
see/seeing
dreadful
the
dread
of
seeing
3.I
wasn’t
going
to
give
up
until
every
single
publisher
turned
me
down,
but
I
often
feared
that
would
happen.?
直到每个出版商都拒绝我,我才会放弃,但我经常担心会发生那种事。
【观察·悟】
William
didn’t
speak
until
he
finished
his
meal.
直到吃完饭威廉才讲话。
They’ll
keep
looking
until
they
get
what
they
need.
他们会一直寻找,直到得到他们需要的东西。
It
was
not
until
she
took
off
her
dark
glasses
that
I
realized
she
was
a
famous
film
star.
直到她摘下墨镜,我才意识到她是个著名的电影明星。
Not
until
the
early
years
of
the
19th
century
did
man
know
what
heat
is.
直到19世纪早期,人类才知道什么是热。
【生成?得】
until作连词用时,引导时间状语从句。在使用时要注意以下几点:
(1)如果主句的谓语动词是_____性动词(即动作可以延续一段时间的动词),如
work,live,stay,study,play,wait等,那么主句常用_____式,表示动作一直延续到
until所表示的时间为止。这时until可译作“直到……为止”。
(2)如果主句的谓语动词是_________动词(即动作不能延续一段时间的动词),如
come,go,leave,begin,start,finish等,那么这个主句常用_______,表示某一动作到
until所表示的时间才发生。not...until...意为“直到……才……”。
延续
肯定
非延续性
否定式
(3)从句表示的动作如果还没有发生,也常用_________时而不用一般将来时,也就
是说当主句用一般将来时(或主句是祈使句时),until引导的时间状语从句要用一
般现在时。
(4)对含有“not...until...”结构的句子进行强调时,须用it
is/
was
________...that...。?
(5)如果把“it
is/was...that...”这个强调结构的框架去掉,句子就须用_____语序。若
是一个复合句时,要倒装___句中的主谓部分。
【点拨迷津】until和
till
同义词,意为“直到”,till多用于口语,until可以放在句___,till不能。
一般现在
not
until
倒装
主
首
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①He
won’t
stop
until
he
______
(cross)
the
finishing
line.
②Continue
in
this
direction
_______
you
see
a
sign.
完成句子。
③She
___________________she
finished
her
homework.?
她直到做完作业,才去睡觉。
④It
was
________I
saw
Margaret
the
next
morning
____
I
felt
happy.?
直到第二天早上见到玛格丽特,我才感到高兴。
crosses
until/till
didn’t
go
to
bed
until
not
until
that
⑤Not
until
I
began
to
work
___________how
much
time
I
had
wasted.?
直到我开始工作,我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。
【拓展训练】
完成句子。
①He
________
TV
________________last
night.?
他昨晚看电视一直看到午夜。
②We
_______notice
this
matter
________________.?
直到昨天我们才注意到这件事。
did
I
realize
watched
until
/till
midnight
did
not
until/till
yesterday
4.Keep
trying
and
eventually
you
will
read
the
words
“We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...”?
继续尝试,最终你会读到“我们很高兴通知你……”
【观察·悟】
=If
you
keep
trying,
eventually
you
will
read
the
words
“We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...”
Ask
him
again,
and
he
will
tell
you.
=If
you
ask
him
again,
he
will
tell
you.
你再问他一次,他会告诉你的。
Hurry
up,
or/or
else/otherwise
you
will
be
late
for
class.
=If
you
don’t
hurry
up,
you
will
be
late
for
class.
如果你不快点,你上课会迟到的。
【生成?得】
(1)祈使句(表条件)+
____
+
陈述句(表顺承结果),相当于If
you...,
you
will....;
(2)祈使句(表条件)+
_________________+
陈述句(表相反结果),意为“否则/要不
然……”相当于If...not...,
you
will...;?
(3)“祈使句
+
and/
or
+
陈述句”结构可以转换为含有_____状语从句的复合句,前
面的祈使句相当于条件状语从句。
【点拨迷津】and和or要不要?
“祈使句
+
and/
or
+
陈述句”结构和含有条件状语从句的复合句互换时,and和or
要去掉。
and
or
else/or/otherwise
条件
【内化?用】
(1)语法填空。
①Think
it
over
____
you
will
find
the
answer.
②Seize
the
chance,
___________
you’ll
regret
it.
(2)句型转换。
③Work
hard
and
you
will
be
successful.
=_______________,
you
will
be
successful.?
④If
you
don’t
do
as
you’re
told,
you’ll
be
in
trouble.
=_______________,
___________
you’ll
be
in
trouble.?
and
or/otherwise
If
you
work
hard
Do
as
you’re
told
or/otherwise
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Consumer
spending
is
in
health,
increasing
__
a
4%
annual
pace
from
July
to
September.
2.Despite
the
vast
amount
of
___________
(inform)
available
on
the
Web,
61
percent
of
students
had
only
one
or
two
websites
open.
3.I
was
annoyed
at
her
________
(reject)
of
my
offer.
4.If
you
persevere
__
work,
you’ll
succeed
in
the
end.
5.They
see
________
(criticize)
everywhere
and,
by
their
overreaction,
make
things
worse.
课时素养达标
at
information
rejection
in
criticism
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.We
were
poor
but
we
never
___________.?
我们穷,但从没有负债。
2.Consumers
are
confident
that
economic
growth
will
continue
____________.?
消费者对经济将继续快速增长很有信心。
3.He
______________his
new
address.?
他告诉了我他的新地址。
4.I
_______________what
may
happen.?
我害怕想可能发生的事。
got
into
debt
at
a
fast
pace
informed
me
of
dread
thinking
of
5.
__________have
time
to
take
a
long
travel
in
a
year.?
一年中我很少有时间去长途旅行。
6.Every
day
__________________his
meetings.?
他坚持每天开会。
7.Can
you
______________there
before
noon??
你能保证在中午之前到那里吗?
8.I
_________________you
that
everything
goes
well.?
我很高兴地告诉你,一切都很顺利。
Rarely
do
I
he
perseveres
with/in
guarantee
to
get
am
delighted
to
tell
9.We
won’t
go
home
_________________.?
直到雨停了我们才回家。
10.
_________________________________,
some
animals
and
plants
are
facing
the
danger
of
dying
out.?
由于越来越多的森林遭到破坏,一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。
until
the
rain
stops
With
more
and
more
forests
damaged(共25张PPT)
Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Period
3 Using
language语法精析课
动词-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语
语法精讲透析
【体验?悟】
阅读下面教材原句,体会动名词和不定式作宾语的用法。
These
are
the
words
that
every
writer
dreads
receiving,
but
words
every
writer
knows
well.
J.D
Salinger
started
writing
short
stories
in
high
school,
but
later
struggled
to
get
his
works
published.
When
it
was
eventually
published,
the
book
became
an
immediate
best-seller
and
went
on
to
sell
millions
and
millions
of
copies.
【生成?得】
动名词具有名词的性质,能在句子中作_____。动词不定式中to只是一种符号,称为
小品词,不是介词。动词不定式没有_____和___的变化,在句子中也可以作___语。
【研学?析】
一、有些动词或短语后面必须用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。
【语境巧记】记忆“动名词作宾语的动词”口诀
考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想,避免错过继续练,否认完成就欣赏,禁止想象才
冒险,不禁介意准逃亡,难以忍受始反对,想要成功坚持忙,习惯放弃有困难,导致专
心防道歉。
人称
数
宾
宾语
解析:
第一句包含的动词:
consider,
suggest/advise,
look
forward
to,
excuse/pardon
第二句包含的动词:
admit,
delay/put
off,
fancy
(想象,想要)/recall
第三句包含的动词:
avoid,
miss,
keep/keep
on,
practice
第四句包含的动词:
deny
(否认,拒绝),
finish,
enjoy/
appreciate
第五句包含的动词:
forbid,
imagine,
risk
第六句包含的动词:
can’t
help,
mind,
allow/
permit,
escape
第七句包含的动词:
can’t
stand
(难以忍受),
set
about(开始,着手),object
to
(反对)
第八句包含的动词:
feel
like
(想要),
succeed
in
(成功),
stick
to
(坚持),
insist
on
(坚持,强调,坚决要求),
be
busy
(in)
(忙于)
第九句包含的动词:
be
used/accustomed
to
(习惯于……),
give
up(放弃),
have
difficulty/trouble
(in)
(做某事有困难)
第十句包含的动词:
lead
to
(导致),
devote
to
(将……奉献给)
,
prevent...from...(预防,防止),
apologize
for(为……道歉)
Practice
doing
this
type
of
breathing
several
times
per
day.
每天练习做这种形式的呼吸数次。
I
consider
waiting
a
bit
longer
before
I
give
up.
我考虑在放弃之前再等待一段时间。
二、用不定式作宾语的动词
1.有些动词后面必须用不定式作宾语,不能用动名词。
【语境巧记】记忆“不定式作宾语的动词”口诀
决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮。
decide/
determine,
learn,
want,
expect/
hope/
wish,
refuse,
manage,
care,
pretend,
offer,
promise,
choose,
plan
,
agree,
ask/
beg,
help
He
finally
learned
to
play
the
piano
with
the
help
of
the
teacher.在老师的帮助下,他最终学会了弹钢琴。
People
wanted
to
know
who
this
talented
designer
was.
人们想知道这位天才的设计者是谁。
2.find,
make,
think,
consider等动词后如果是不定式作宾语,补语是形容词(或名词),常用it作形式宾语,把不定式后移。
I
find
it
difficult
to
work
with
him.
我发现很难和他一起工作。
He
made
it
a
rule
to
get
up
at
five.
他规定每天5点起床。
三、既能接动名词又能接不定式作宾语的词或短语
1.有些动词后面接动名词和不定式均可,意思没有差别,如start,
begin,
continue等。
2.有些动词后面可以接动名词或者不定式作宾语,但意思有些差异,如:
like,
love,
hate等。
We
like
swimming,
but
we
don’t
like
to
swim
this
afternoon.
我们喜欢游泳,但今天下午不想游。(like
swimming指“经常性的喜欢”,like
to
swim指“一次性喜欢”)
3.下列动词既可跟动词不定式也可跟现在分词形式作宾语,但意义明显不同。
remember
to
do
sth.记住要做某事(还未做)
remember
doing
sth.记住曾做过某事(已做)
forget
to
do
sth.忘记要做某事(还未做)
forget
doing
sth.忘记曾做过某事(已做)
I
remember
posting
the
two
parcels.
我记得已寄走两个包裹。(动名词表示过去)
I
remember
to
post
the
two
parcels.
我记得要寄两个包裹。(不定式表示将来)
4.动名词在demand,
deserve,
need,
require,
want等动词后面作宾语时,表示被动的意思,相当于加不定式的被动式。
My
shoes
need
mending/
to
be
mended.
我的鞋需要修。
Your
hair
wants
cutting/
to
be
cut.
你的头发需要剪。
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①I
wish
______(live)
on
the
moon
one
day.?
②We
can’t
afford
_____(go)
abroad
this
summer.?
③He
chose
_________(believe)
what
she
had
said.?
④Let’s
finish
_____
(do)
the
work
together.
⑤I
suggest
________(travel)
abroad
next
month.
to
live
to
go
to
believe
doing
traveling
【常温故?勤总结
】
英语中有的动词只能跟动名词作宾语;有的动词只能跟动词不定式作宾语;但有的动词的宾语既可以是动名词又可以是动词不定式。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.I
hope
_______(have)
a
good
rest
this
weekend.?
2.If
we
don’t
start
out
now,
we
must
risk
_______
(miss)
the
train.
3.I
arrange
_______(wash)
clothes
tomorrow
morning.?
4.I
am
expecting
_______(hear)
from
you
soon.?
5.I
have
promised
______(give)
the
children
some
books.?
课时素养达标
to
have
missing
to
wash
to
hear
to
give
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.You
should
now
______________________as
much
as
possible.?
现在你应该尽可能多地练习说英语。
2.He
plans
_______________________.?
他计划环球旅行。
3.We
don’t
allow
__________________.?
我们不允许在办公室里吸烟。
4.Don’t
you
remember
_____________before??
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
practise
speaking
English
to
travel
around
the
world
smoking
in
the
office
seeing
the
man
5.I
regret
________,
but
I
have
no
choice.?
我很遗憾这样做,但我实在没办法。
to
do
this
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·长春高一检测)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I
was
staying
in
Destin
for
a
few
days
with
my
family.One
morning,
I
got
up
early
1.________
(go)
for
a
walk
on
the
beach.As
I
was
walking,
I
noticed
at
least
a
hundred
or
more
empty
beer
cans
which
2.
________
(leave)
in
one
concentrated
area
in
front
of
a
hotel.I
was
3.
________
(fascinate)
by
the
beach,
woods
and
nature
so
I
wanted
to
keep
4.
________
(they)
clean.Naturally,
I
picked
up
a
few
to
take
to
a
nearby
rubbish
can
5.
________
my
way
back
to
the
hotel.I
saw
6.
________
man
walking
down
the
beach
with
a
rubbish
bag
picking
up
the
cans.I
helped
him
get
the
rest
and
walked
back
to
my
place,
but
I
couldn’t
help
7.
________
(think)
about
that
man
and
how
we
need
more
people
like
that
in
the
world.It
really
gave
me
some
8.
________
(inspire).
In
the
following
days
when
I
stayed
in
Destin,
I
always
went
for
a
walk
with
a
rubbish
bag.The
rubbish
bag
was
9.
________
(total)
full
by
the
time
I
got
back
to
my
hotel.I
did
not
want
to
get
any
thanks
but
I
hoped
10.
________
I
did
could
inspire
someone
to
do
the
same
as
well.
【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。当我在德斯丁的时候,有一天,我去海滩散步,我注意到至少有一百个或更多空啤酒罐在酒店前面的一个集中区域。我把一些空啤酒罐倒入垃圾箱里。后来我看见一个人也在这么做,我就帮助了他。在接下来的日子里,我总是带一个垃圾袋装垃圾,希望环境变得更好。
1.【解析】to
go。考查非谓语动词。句意:
一天早上,我起得很早去海滩散步。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词,故go只能作非谓语,此处表示早起的目的是去海边散步,故用不定式to
go。
2.【解析】were
left。考查动词时态和语态。句意:
当我走着的时候,我注意到至少有一百个或更多的空啤酒罐被丢在了酒店前的一个集中区域。本句为定语从句修饰先行词beer
cans,且先行词在从句中作主语,与谓语动词leave构成被动语态,且为复数;根据上文noticed可知应用一般过去时,故填were
left。
3.【解析】fascinated。考查形容词。句意:
我被海滩、树林和大自然迷住了,所以我想保持它们干净。固定短语be
fascinated
by“被吸引/迷住”,人作主语需用-ed结尾的形容词,故填fascinated。
4.【解析】them。考查代词。keep为谓语动词,后跟人称代词宾格作宾语,故填them。
5.【解析】on。考查介词。句意:
在我回酒店的路上。短语on
one’s
way“在路上;在途中”为固定搭配,故填on。
6.【解析】a。考查冠词。句意:
我看见一个人提着垃圾袋走在海滩上捡罐子。此处表示“一个人”,为泛指,且man以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。
7.【解析】thinking。考查非谓语动词。句意:
但我情不自禁地想起了那个人,以及我们在这个世界上多么需要更多那样的人。can’t
help
doing
sth.“情不自禁做某事”后跟现在分词,故填thinking。
8.【解析】inspiration。考查名词。句意:
它给了我一些启发。some为形容词,修饰名词,故填inspiration。
9.【解析】totally。考查副词。句意:
我回到酒店的时候垃圾袋已经完全装满了。full为形容词,需要副词修饰,故填totally。
10.【解析】what。考查连接词。句意:
我希望我所做的也能激励人们做同样的事情。本句为宾语从句,且从句中缺少宾语,指代事情,故用what。
【点睛】can’t
help
to
do和can’t
help
doing的区别
can’t
help
to
do:
不能帮助做……。这里的help为帮助的意思。
can’t
help
doing:
情不自禁做……。这里的help主要为了构成短语。
一般来说can’t
help
to
do后面帮助的事情还没有发生,是在回答不能够去帮助做这件事情,因此后面接的是动词不定式。
can’t
help
doing一般是描述已经发生的事情,即情不自禁地做了某事或者说是形容自己对某事没有抵抗力,即表示的是一般情况。后面一般接名词。(共48张PPT)
Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Period
4 Developing
ideas
(Ⅰ) 阅读提能课
自主素养储备
Ⅰ.根据语境选词填空
enthusiastic,contest,
upset,
elect,
worthy,
mere,
outline,
permanent,
literary,
embarrassed
1.They
______
him
chairman.
2.He
is
___________
about
helping
others.
3.The
incident
left
a
__________
impression
on
him.
4.I’m
always
_____
when
I
don’t
get
any
mail.
5.Don’t
scold
him,
he
is
a
_____
child.
elected
enthusiastic
permanent
upset
mere
6.She
was
___________
when
they
asked
her
age.
7.She
won
a
gold
medal
for
her
fine
performance
in
the
______.
8.He
saw
the
______
of
the
house
in
the
moonlight.
9.Dickens’
A
Tale
of
Two
Cities
is
a
_______
classic.
10.This
is
a
_______
English-Chinese
dictionary.
embarrassed
contest
outline
literary
worthy
Ⅱ.根据语境及汉语提示写出短语
1.He
____________(为……自豪)
what
he
had
done.?
2.He
___________(关心)
the
safety
of
his
workers.?
3.I
like
to
read
books
in
general
and
English
book
___________(尤其).?
4.He
never
apologizes,
___________(即使)
he
knows
that
he
is
wrong.?
5.The
advertising
campaign
didn’t
_______________(有影响)
sales.?
6.The
group
______________(由……组成)
132
doctors
and
nurses.?
7.The
cause
is
_________(值得)
our
continued
support.?
was
proud
of
cared
about
in
particular
even
though
have
an
effect
on
was
made
up
of
worthy
of
8.You
must
__________(意识到)
the
fact
that
he
is
weak
in
English.?
9.We’ve
just
___________(偶然遇见)
an
old
friend.?
10.She
ran
____(好像)
someone
were
after
her.?
be
aware
of
come
across
as
if
课文浅触
1.Why
has
the
author
thought
it
would
be
good
for
people
if
they
were
blind
and
deaf
for
a
few
days
during
their
early
adult
life?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________?
2.What
do
we
learn
from
the
last
paragraph
of
the
text?
__________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
Because
it
would
make
them
experience
the
pain
and
inconvenience
of
being
blind
and
deaf,
thus
they
would
value
the
life
of
ordinary
people.
Even
though
we
are
ordinary
people,
we
should
make
full
use
of
our
senses
to
enjoy
our
life
and
do
some
meaningful
things.?
1.worthwhile
adj.重要的,值得做的 同义词:
worthy
adj.值得尊敬的;值得赞赏的 反义词:
useless
adj.没用的
【观察·悟】
Even
though
being
a
scout
has
its
challenges,
I
feel
it
is
worthwhile.(教材典句)
尽管当侦察兵有很多挑战,但我觉得这是值得的。
(2019·江苏高考)Melissa,
his
daughter,
felt
it
more
than
worthwhile
to
save
his
music,
to
which
she
fell
asleep
each
night
when
she
was
young.他的女儿梅丽莎觉得保存他的音乐是非常值得的,她小时候每晚都伴着这些音乐入睡。
知识素养积淀
It
might
be
worthwhile
to
write/
writing
to
them.
给他们写一封信也许是值得的。
【点拨迷津】
worthwhile用于下列句型:
It
is
worthwhile
doing
sth./
to
do
sth.做某事是值得的
但不能说:
sth.is
worthwhile
doing/
to
do
【知识延伸】worth“家族”
(1)worth
adj.值得的
be
worth
sth.
值……
be
worth
_____
值得做
(2)worthy
adj.值得尊敬/赞赏的;值得……的
sth.be
worthy
__
sth.
……值得……
sth.be
worthy
of
being
done
=sth.be
worthy
to
be
done
某事值得做
doing
of
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①It
is
worthwhile
______________(visit)
the
Great
Wall.?
②There
is
nothing
worthy
__
mention.
【拓展训练】
句型转换。
①The
museum
is
certainly
worth
a
visit.
=The
museum
is
certainly
worth
_______.
②The
film
is
worthy
of
being
seen.
=The
film
is
worthy
_________.?
visiting/
to
visit
of
visiting
to
be
seen
2.enthusiastic
adj.热心的;热衷的 同义词:
eager
adj.热切的
keen
adj.渴望的
派生词:
enthusiastically
adv.热心/情地
enthusiasm
n.热心;热情
【观察·悟】
(2019·天津高考)Touched
by
their
enthusiastic
expression
of
affection.
Mabry
thanked
them
all.(高考典句)
被他们热情的表情感动了,马布里感谢了他们所有人。
He
is
enthusiastic
about
helping
others.他热心助人。
She’s
very
enthusiastic
to
read
a
novel.她非常喜欢读小说。
(2019·天津高考)With
high
motivation
and
enthusiasm,
we
can
keep
on
learning.(高考典句)
有了高度的动力和热情,我们可以继续学习。
【生成?得】
(1)be
enthusiastic
_____...
对……热心/情
(2)be
enthusiastic
_____sth.
喜欢做某事?
about
to
do
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①He
is
enthusiastic
_____
folk
music.
②He
joined
in
the
class
discussion
______________(enthusiastic).?
③The
Harry
Potter
series
sparked
great
__________
(enthusiastic)
among
children.
about
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
3.upset
adj.心烦意乱的,烦恼的
v.(使)烦恼
【观察·悟】
Why
are
you
so
upset?
(教材典句)你为什么这么烦恼?
(2019·江苏高考)The
task
was
so
hard,
and
Steve,
angry
and
upset,
said
he
was
quitting.(高考典句)
任务太难了,史蒂夫又生气又沮丧,说他要辞职了。
Try
not
to
get
too
upset
about
it.
尽量不要过于为此烦恼。
The
news
completely
upset
them.
这消息使他们极为心烦。
【生成?得】
be/
get
upset
_____
为……烦恼
【熟词生义】
He
upset
a
bottle
of
ink.(
)
他打翻了一瓶墨水。
about
v.打翻
【内化?用】
(1)语法填空。
①She’s
upset
_____
losing
the
money.
(2)完成句子。
②He
_________________you
didn’t
reply
to
his
letters.?
你没有给他回信,他很不安。
③The
bad
news
_________.?
坏消息使他心烦意乱。
about
was
very
upset
that
upset
him
4.embarrassed
adj.难堪的,尴尬的
【观察·悟】
I
felt
embarrassed,
even
though
no
one
could
see
me.(教材典句)
虽然没人能看到我,但是我还是觉得很尴尬。
When
I
am
taken
out
to
a
restaurant
I
always
get
embarrassed
about
ordering.
被请去饭店吃饭时,我总是在点菜时遭遇尴尬。
He
was
embarrassed
to
admit
the
truth.
他尴尬地承认了事实。
【生成?得】
(1)be/
get
embarrassed
_____
(doing)
sth.
对(做)某事感到难堪
(2)be
embarrassed
_____sth.
尴尬地做某事?
【联想空间】embarrass“一家人”
(1)embarrass
vt.使尴尬
(2)embarrassing
adj.令人难堪/尴尬的
(3)embarrassment
n.难堪;尴尬
to
one’s
embarrassment
令某人尴尬的是
with
embarrassment
难堪地
about
to
do
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①I
was
___________
(embarrass)
by
his
comments
about
my
clothes.
②I
would
be
a
little
embarrassed
_____
what
just
happened.
③She
had
been
too
embarrassed
______(ask)
her
friends.?
embarrassed
about
to
ask
5.I
have
often
thought
it
would
be
a
blessing
if
each
human
being
were
stricken
blind
and
deaf
for
a
few
days
at
some
time
during
his
early
adult
life.
我经常想,如果每个人在他成年早期的某个时候,都能失明失聪几天,那将是一件幸事。?
【观察·悟】
(2019·天津高考)“If
I
were
in
that
situation,
I
would
want
someone
to
try
to
find
me,”
she
said.(高考典句)
她说:
“如果我在那种情况下,我会希望有人来找我。”
If
it
had
not
been
for
your
help
yesterday,I
could
not
have
caught
the
bus.
如果昨天没有你的帮助,我不会赶上公交车。(事实是你昨天已经帮助了我,所以我赶上了车)
If
things
were
to
be
twice,
all
would
be
wise.
假如凡事都可以重新做一次,人人皆可成为聪明人。(事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)
If
I
asked
him,
I’m
sure
he’d
help
us.
如果我向他提出要求,他肯定会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做)
【生成?得】
(1)对现在情况的虚拟:
条件从句中谓语动词用_________时,主句用“would/
should/
might/
could+
_________”形式,表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。
(2)对过去情况的虚拟:
条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用“would/
could/
should/
might+
have+_______________”形式。
(3)对将来情况的虚拟:
条件从句中谓语动词可用______
do,_____
to
do或动词的
_______三种形式表示,主句用“would/
should/
might/
could+_________”形式。
一般过去
动词原形
动词的过去分词
should
were
过去式
动词原形
【点拨迷津】
在条件从句中,如果谓语动词是be的形式,不管主语是单数还是复数,一般都用
were。
【内化?用】
完成句子。
①___________,
I
would
choose
to
work
in
a
small
town.?
如果我是你,我会选择在小城镇工作。
②It
__________,
the
crops
would
be
saved.?
如果下雨,庄稼就会得救。(实际上不会下雨)
If
I
were
you
should
rain
③If
____________________,
what
would
you
buy??
如果你有足够的钱,你会买什么?
you
had
enough
money
6.On
the
first
day,
I
should
want
to
see
the
people
whose
kindness
and
gentleness
and
companionship
have
made
my
life
worth
living.在第一天,我应该想看到那些人,他们的善良,温柔和友谊,使我的生命值得活下去。?
【观察·悟】
(2019·天津高考)No
sooner
did
she
leave
my
doorstep
than
I
had
emails
from
two
women
whose
kids
go
to
my
son’s
nursery
and
who
recognized
my
face.(高考典句)
=
No
sooner
did
she
leave
my
doorstep
than
I
had
emails
from
two
women
the
kids
of
whom
go
to
my
son’s
nursery
and
who
recognized
my
face.
她一离开我家门口,我就收到两个女人的邮件,她们的孩子和我的儿子上一家托儿所,她们认出了我。
He
lives
in
a
room
whose
window
faces
north.
=He
lives
in
a
room
the
window
of
which/
of
which
the
window
faces
north.他住在一个窗户面朝北的房间里。
【生成?得】
(1)whose是定语从句中一个常用的关系___词,在从句中作___语,也就是说当先行
词与从句中某个名词有所属关系,表达“……的”意思时,用关系代词whose
引导定
语从句,它既可以指代___,也可以指代___,既可引导_______定语从句,也可以引导
_____________从句。
(2)whose引导定语从句时,通常可与of
______/
of
______引导的定语从句进行转
换。
代
定
人
物
限制性
非限制性定语
which
whom
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①This
is
Miss
Lin
the
story
of
______
I
have
told
you.
②The
company
the
name
of
______
was
Notco
was
in
Australia.
③The
boss
of
the
company,
______
name
was
Mr
Little,
told
the
story.
whom
which
whose
【备选要点】
1.elect
v.选举,推选 同义词:
vote
v.投票
派生词:
election
n.选举
【观察·悟】
You
ran
for
Head
of
the
Student
Committee
but
weren’t
elected.(教材典句)
你竞选学生委员会主席,但没有当选。
Italian
cities
Milan-Cortina
were
elected
host
of
the
2026
Winter
Olympic
Games
at
the
134th
session
of
the
International
Olympic
Committee
(IOC)
on
Monday.(时事典句)
意大利城市米兰/科尔蒂纳丹佩佐在周一国际奥委会第134次会议上,被选为2026年冬季奥运会的主办城市。
We
elected
him
to
be/
as
monitor.
我们选他当班长。
They
elected
me
to
the
Board
of
Directors.
他们选举我进入董事会。
I
may
vote
for
her
at
the
next
election.
下届选举我可能选她。
【生成?得】
(1)elect
sb.
________... 选举某人当……?
(2)elect
sb.__
sth.
选某人进……
【点拨迷津】
elect后表示职务的名词前通常不加___词。
to
be/
as
to
冠
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①They
elected
him
_____(be)
President.?
②After
only
a
year
in
the
sports
club,
the
youngest
player
was
elected
__
the
committee.
③It’s
impossible
to
tell
who
will
win
the
next
_______
(elect).
to
be
to
election
2.appreciative
adj.感激的 同义词:
grateful
adj.感激的thankful
adj.感谢的
【观察·悟】
Darkness
would
make
him
more
appreciative
of
sight;
silence
would
teach
him
the
joys
of
sound.(教材典句)
黑暗会使他更加感激光明;
静寂会教会他感受声音的喜悦。
I
am
appreciative
of
her
kindness.我感激她的善良。
【生成?得】
(be)appreciative
__
sth.对……感激的
of
【熟词生义】
He
becomes
more
appreciative
of
the
meaning
of
life
and
its
permanent
spiritual
values.(
)
他对生活的意义和它永恒的精神价值变得更具欣赏力了。
【联想空间】
①appreciate
v.____________
②appreciate
_____
sth.
感激做某事
③I
would
appreciate
__
if...
要是……我会感激
④appreciation
n.
感激;欣/鉴赏
adj.有欣/鉴赏力的
感激;欣/鉴赏
doing
it
【内化?用】
语法填空。
①We
have
been
very
appreciative
__
their
support.
②In
fact,
research
shows
that
people
are
more
___________
(appreciate)
of
gifts
they
ask
for
than
ones
they
don’t.
③We
shall
appreciate
_______
(hear)
from
you
again.
④I
would
appreciate
__
if
you
could
take
my
application
into
consideration.
⑤Receivers
of
gifts
didn’t
associate
the
price
with
their
level
of
___________
(appreciate).
of
appreciative
hearing
it
appreciation
3.Use
your
eyes
as
if
tomorrow
you
would
be
stricken
blind.?
用你的眼睛,就好像明天你就会失明。
【观察·悟】
She
loves
the
boy
as
if
she
were
his
mother.
她爱这男孩,就好像她是他的妈妈一样。
He
talks
about
Rome
as
if
he
had
been
there
before.
他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。
Tom
raised
his
hands
as
if
he
was
going
to
say
something.
汤姆举起手好像要说什么。
【生成?得】
as
if从句的语气和时态:
(1)as
if
从句中当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实
时,用_____语气。
(2)as
if
从句中当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的
情况时,用_____语气。
①从句表示对现在的虚拟,谓语动词用_________时。
②从句表示与过去的虚拟,谓语动词用_________时。
③从句表示与将来的虚拟,谓语动词用“___________________________”。?
陈述
虚拟
一般过去
过去完成
would/
could/might+
动词原形
【点拨迷津】
(1)
as
if一般可由as
though来代替。
(2)as
if引导方式状语从句,表示“事情是怎么做的”或“一个人或事物是什么样
的”。
【联想空间】
as
if在look,
seem,
feel,
taste,
smell,
sound等系动词后引导_____从句。
表语
【内化?用】
完成句子。
①He
talks
as
if
___________.?
他说话的样子,好像他认识我。(事实是他不认识我)
②He
talks
as
if
_________________.?
他说起话来好像曾经出过国。(事实是他从未出过国)
③He
opened
his
mouth
________________something.?
他张开嘴好像要说什么。(事实是他没什么可说的)
④She
left
the
room
hurriedly
as
if
_____________.?
她匆忙离开房间好像生气的样子。(事实是她真的生气了)
he
knew
me
he
had
been
abroad
as
if
he
would
say
she
was
angry
⑤It
looks
as
if
___________.?
我们似乎要迟到了。(事实是我们真的要迟到了)
⑥You
look
as
if
______________.?
你看上去好像并不在乎。(事实是你很在乎)
we’ll
be
late
you
didn’t
care
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The
Summer
Palace
is
worthwhile
__________(go)
to
have
a
visit.?
2.He’s
very
enthusiastic
_____
dancing.
3.I
was
upset
_____
what
has
happened.
4.Tom
is
genuinely
___________
(appreciate)
of
all
the
success
he’s
had.
5.This
phenomenon
is
worthy
of
____________(study).?
6.I
______
(mere)
suggest
you
should
do
it
again.
7.Kindness
and
_________
(gentle)
are
often
more
effective
than
force.
8.Harmony
was
the
soul
of
our
______________
(companion).
课时素养达标
going/
to
go
about
about
appreciative
being
studied
merely
gentleness
companionship
9.Make
___
outline
before
trying
to
write
a
composition.
10.His
ignorant
behaviour
at
the
dinner
table
caused
much
______________
(embarrass).
an
embarrassment
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.The
film
is
worthy
____________________again.?
这部电影值得再看一遍。
2.She
______________________the
new
teaching
method.?
她对新的教学方法很热心。
3.They
__________________the
break-up
of
their
parents’
marriage.父母婚姻
的破裂让他们烦恼。?
4.I
_________________if
you
could
help
me.?
如果你能帮我,我将十分感激。
to
be
seen/of
being
seen
is/was
enthusiastic
about
are/were
upset
about
would
appreciate
it
5.She
tried
the
medicine,
and
____________,
relief
from
pain
quickly
followed.?
她试服了这种药,令她高兴的是,疼痛很快减轻了。
to
her
delight(共22张PPT)
Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Period
5 Developing
ideas(Ⅱ)
写作培优课
写作素养提升
写一次个人经历
(Writing
about
an
experience)
【写作指导】
话题阐释
描写个人经历是对“个人生活与社会生活”话题的考查,是高考常考话题,主要涉及记叙文、应用文。此类应用文主要包括日志、书信、演讲稿等。
文体概述
描述个人经历是记叙文的一种,要写清楚经历事件的六要素,即五个W和一个H:
What,
When,
Where,
Who,
Why,
How。一般以第一或第三人称叙述,常用一般过去时。
框架构建
1.经历的起始:
When,
Where,
Why
and
Who
Last
summer
holiday,
I
_______.It
was
very
_______.I
went
to
_______with
_______.He
taught
me
_______.?
2.经历的经过:
What
and
How
At
first,
I
was
afraid
of
_______.And
I
_______in
the
water.But
Father
said
_______and
he
would
_______.Then
I
began
to
_______,
but
I
couldn’t
_______.
It
made
me
upset.Then
Father
told
me
_______,
how
to
_______.Slowly,
I
could
_______.?
3.经历的结局和影响:
Ending
and
Effect
In
fact,
it
was
_______.I
learned
it
_______.I
was
excited
when
_______.?
【典题示例】
还记得发生在你身上最难忘的一次经历吗?某英文报纸正在以“An
unforgettable
experience”为题进行征文活动。请你写一篇100词左右的英语短文,描述一次难忘的经历,并谈谈你的感想。
Step
1 谋篇立意
体裁:
记叙文
话题:
个人经历
时态:
一般过去时
人称:
第一人称
Tips
事件、导入
事件过程
个人感想
Step
2 语言支架
1.上学期我的腿在一场足球比赛中受了重伤,我不得不卧床休息两周。
①Last
term
my
leg
was
badly
hurt
in
a
football
match.
②I
had
to
stay
in
bed
for
two
weeks.
③用and合并为一句:
_____________________________________________________________________
__________?
Last
term
my
leg
was
badly
hurt
in
a
football
match,
and
I
had
to
stay
in
bed
for
two
weeks.
2.当我在家担心功课的时候,我的同学汤姆来帮忙。
①I
was
worried
about
school
work
at
home.
②My
classmate
Tom
came
to
help.
③用含有while引导的时间状语从句合并为一句:
_________________________________________________________________
_____
While
I
was
worried
about
school
work
at
home,
my
classmate
Tom
came
to
help.?
3.他告诉了我老师在课堂上教的东西,帮我解决了很多数学问题。
①The
teacher
taught
in
class.
②He
helped
me
a
lot
with
my
math
problems.
③用what引导的宾语从句合并为一句:
___________________________________________________________________
_________?
He
told
me
what
the
teacher
taught
in
class,
and
helped
me
a
lot
with
my
math
problems.
4.我深受感动,因为他一直教我,直到我回到学校。
①I
was
deeply
moved.
②He
kept
teaching
me.
③I
returned
to
school.
④用because和until引导的状语从句将①②③句合并为一句:
_________________________________________________________________
I
was
deeply
moved
because
he
kept
teaching
me
until
I
returned
to
school.?
5.我很高兴能赶上我的同学们。
①I
was
glad.
②I
caught
up
with
my
classmates.
③用that引导的宾语从句合并成一句:
_________________________________________
I
was
glad
that
I
caught
up
with
my
classmates.?
Step
3 润色组篇
An
unforgettable
experience
Everyone
has
some
unforgettable
experiences.
Last
term
my
leg
was
badly
hurt
in
a
football
match,
and
I
had
to
stay
in
bed
for
two
weeks.While
I
was
worried
about
school
work
at
home,
my
classmate
Tom
came
to
help.He
told
me
what
the
teacher
taught
in
class,
and
helped
me
a
lot
with
my
math
problems.I
was
deeply
moved
because
he
kept
teaching
me
until
I
returned
to
school.I
was
glad
that
I
caught
up
with
my
classmates.
From
then
on,
we
became
best
friends.I
truly
understood
that
a
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed.
【典题操练】
请描述一次难忘的经历,写一篇100词左右的短文。主要内容如下:
1.一天,在我去学校的路上,我遇到了一场交通事故,一个女孩被摩托车撞了,伤得很严重。
2.我本能地冲过去救她。我把她抱在怀里,叫了救护车,很快就把我们送到了附近的医院。
3.经过紧急治疗,女孩恢复了健康。
这可能是我一生中最难忘的经历。
【范文】
One
day
on
my
way
to
school,
I
ran
across
a
traffic
accident,
in
which
a
girl
was
seriously
injured
by
a
motorcycle.
I
rushed
to
her
rescue
instinctively.
I
lifted
her
in
my
arms
and
called
for
an
ambulance,
which
took
us
quickly
to
a
nearby
hospital.
After
emergency
treatment,
the
girl
came
back
to
life.
I
felt
at
ease
when
I
knew
that
she
had
only
suffered
from
minor
bone
fractures
and
would
recover
in
a
couple
of
weeks.
I
left
the
hospital
without
giving
my
name,
but
my
heart
was
full
of
joy
and
peace.
Not
until
then
did
I
understand
the
meaning
of
the
proverb,
“Helping
others
is
the
source
of
happiness.”
This
may
be
the
most
unforgettable
experience
of
my
life.
【善积累?获新知】
★话题词汇识记
1.表示坚持的词汇:
persist
(in)
/
persistence
坚持;persevere
(with)/
perseverance
坚持不懈;insist
(on)
坚持;stick
to坚持;hold
on
to
坚持;keep
at
坚持;maintain
保持
2.表示积极、向上的词汇:
active活跃的;take
an
active
part
in积极参加;energetic充满活力的;energy
精力,活力;be
full
of
energy
充满活力;positive积极的;optimistic乐观的;play
a
positive
role起积极作用;enthusiastic
热情的,热心的;be
enthusiastic
about对……充满热情;enthusiasm热情
★话题好句背诵
1.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Not
only
is
likability
related
to
positive
life
outcomes,
but
it
is
also
responsible
for
those
outcomes,
too.
讨人喜欢不仅与积极的人生结果有关,而且也对那些结果负有责任。
2.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)If
you
work
out
bright
and
early
in
the
morning,
you
will
be
more
likely
to
stick
to
healthy
food
choices
throughout
the
day.
如果你一大早就开始锻炼,那么你很有可能一整天都会坚持选择健康的食物。
3.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Much
to
the
family’s
surprise,
Dennis
stuck
to
his
promise!
让家里人大吃一惊的是,丹尼斯信守了他的诺言!
4.(2018·浙江高考)No
one
will
ever
know
what
mix
of
talent,
ambition,
energy
and
luck
made
Dickens
such
a
distinguished
writer.
没有人会知道是什么混合的天赋,雄心,精力和运气使狄更斯成为如此杰出的作家。
5.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running
is
cheap,
easy
and
it’s
always
energetic.跑步便宜、简单,而且总是充满活力。
6.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The
results
showed
that
those
who
chatted
with
their
server
reported
significantly
higher
positive
feelings
and
a
better
coffee
shop
experience.
结果表明,与服务员聊天的人有明显的积极的情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。
7.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)You
will
want
to
continue
to
focus
on
positive
choices.你会想继续关注积极的选择。
8.关于意志力的谚语:
Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.
有志者,事竟成。
【写作点拨】
写个人经历类记叙文主要有以下要点:
①记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。通常使用顺序给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索;
②过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。常用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时;
③引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。(共29张PPT)
Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Period
1 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
语篇研读课
自主素养储备
Ⅰ.新词相知
(一)连线相匹配的英语释义
debt
inform
rarely
nevertheless
persevere
criticism
classic
guarantee
delighted
outcome
a.a
work
of
art
recognized
as
being
of
high
quality
and
lasting
value
b.despite
anything
to
the
contrary
c.effect
or
result
d.not
at
all
often
e.disapproval
expressed
by
pointing
out
faults
or
shortcomings
f.keep
on
doing
sth.
which
is
unpleasant
or
difficult
g.money
or
goods
or
services
owed
by
one
person
to
another
h.give
a
security
or
assurance
i.greatly
pleased
j.give
information
or
knowledge
to
答案:
debt—g;inform—j;rarely—d;nevertheless—b;persevere—f;criticism—e;
classic—a;guarantee—h;delighted—i;outcome—c
(二)结合语境,从上面的表格中选择适当的单词填空
1.I’d
be
most
________
if
you
will.
2.We
can’t
_________
the
punctual
arrival
of
trains
in
fog
weather.
3.If
you
see
something
suspicious,
______
the
police
at
once.
4.Our
defeat
was
expected;
___________,
it
was
disappointing.
5.She
______
went
anywhere
except
to
her
office.
delighted
guarantee
inform
nevertheless
rarely
Ⅱ.短语熟记
选择恰当的短语补全下列语境
give
up;
stick
to;
have
something
in
common
with;
be
interested
in
1.I
think
you
may
______________our
new
product.?
2.She
doesn’t
_______easily.?
3.I
____________________________my
sister.?
4.We
must
_______our
task
till
it
is
finished.?
be
interested
in
give
up
have
something
in
common
with
stick
to
课文浅触
1.Did
the
success
of
the
famous
writers
happen
overnight?
____________________________________________________?
2.What
is
the
key
to
success?
____________
No.Many
of
them
had
been
rejected
before
being
successful.
Perseverance.
Step
1 While-reading
Ⅰ.Skim
the
passage
and
answer
the
following
questions
1.What
does
the
passage
mainly
talk
about?
______________________________
2.How
many
parts
does
the
passage
contain?
______________________________________________________
探究素养提能
Perseverance
is
the
key
to
success.?
Three.Part
1
(Para.
1),
Part
2
(Paras.
2-4)
and
Part
3
(Para.
5).?
Ⅱ.Fill
in
the
form
about
the
structure
of
the
passage
Title
1.
_______________________
Part
1
Success
rarely
happens
2._________.
Part
2
Some
successful
writers,
such
as
J.K.
Rowling,
J.D.Salinger,
the
three
sisters
from
Victorian
England,
have
previously
faced
3.________.
Part
3
The
key
to
success
is
4.____________.
We
Regret
to
Inform
You...
overnight
rejection
perseverance
Ⅲ.Choose
the
best
answer
1.Which
is
not
true
for
many
successful
writers?
A.They
read
“We
regret
to
inform
you...”
from
the
publishers.
B.They
spent
much
time
writing
their
works.
C.They
succeeded
overnight.
D.They
ever
faced
rejection.
2.What
did
J.K.
Rowling
do
when
she
received
the
rejection
letters?
A.She
was
glad
because
she
had
something
in
common
with
her
favorite
writers.
B.She
stuck
them
on
the
wall.
C.She
went
on
writing.
D.She
posted
the
letters
on
the
Internet.
3.What
is
the
criticism
J.D.
Salinger
received
for
his
stories?
A.Too
difficult
for
children.
B.Too
long.
C.Children
would
not
be
interested
in
it.
D.People
don’t
know
the
central
character
well
enough.
答案:
1～3.CCD
Ⅳ.Sentence
explanation
When
she
received
her
first
rejection
letter,
she
decided
that
it
meant
she
now
had
something
in
common
with
her
favourite
writers,
and
stuck
it
on
her
kitchen
wall.
分析:
本句是主从复合句。When
she
received...letter是when引导的_____状语从
句;that
it
meant...是that引导的_____从句,作动词decided的宾语;she
now
had...是
省略引导词____的宾语从句,作meant的宾语。
句意:
_______________________,她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家___
_________,并把它贴在了厨房的墙上。
时间
宾语
that
当她收到第一封拒绝信时
有
了共同点
Step
2 Post-reading
Retell
the
text
A
lot
of
highly
successful
writers
previously
faced
rejection,
but
they
1.__________
(persevere).
After
J.K.Rowling
received
a
total
of
twelve
2._________(reject),
one
publisher
eventually
agreed
3.
_______(print)
500
copies
of
her
first
book—
Harry
Potter,
which
became
4.__
global
success.?
persevered
rejections
to
print
a
Despite
rejections
from
several
publishers,
J.D.Salinger
refused
to
give
5.___.When
his
novel
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
was
6._________(eventual)
published,
the
book
became
an
immediate
best-seller.
Perhaps
the
overall
prize
for
7.____________(persevere)
should
go
to
Bronte
sisters
from
Victorian
England
who
dreamt
of
seeing
their
words
in
print.This,
however,
was
a
time
8._____
women
were
not
encouraged
to
become
writers.Nevertheless,
the
sisters
didn’t
stop
9.______(try).Today
their
novels
are
regarded
as
classic
of
world
literature.
up
eventually
perseverance
when
trying
From
their
experiences
we
learn
that
talent
alone
isn’t
enough
10.__
_________(guarantee)
success.While
a
lot
of
hard
work
and
a
touch
of
luck
play
a
part,
perseverance
is
the
key.?
to
guarantee
Pre-reading
Ⅰ.Lead
in
Your
teens
are
a
time
when
most
are
relatively
free
of
the
responsibilities.This
is
a
great
time
to
experiment,
fail,
and
bounce
back.Learn
how
to
ride
out
failure
and
persevere.Life
is
full
of
challenges.
The
teens
are
a
great
time
to
toughen
up
and
start
teaching
yourselves
how
to
be
emotionally
and
mentally
resilient
enough
to
weather
both
the
joys
and
hardships
to
come.
Ⅱ.Think
and
answer
1.When
is
a
time
when
most
of
you
are
free
of
responsibility?
__________
2.What
should
you
do
in
your
teens?
___________________________________________________________________
_________?
The
teens.?
We
should
experiment,
fail,
bounce
back
and
learn
how
to
ride
out
failure
and
persevere.
【主题情境思考】
1.What
will
you
do
when
you
receive
the
rejection
letter
if
you
are
J.K.
Rowling?
___________________________________________
2.What
should
we
do
for
our
success?
________________________________________________________________
Maybe
I
will
be
discouraged,
but
I
won’t
give
up.?
Stick
to
our
passion
for
long-term
goals,
and
persevere
even
when
we
fail.?
(2020·诸暨高一检测)
Three
Feet
from
Gold
Darby’s
uncle
was
caught
by
the
“gold
fever”
in
the
gold-rush
days,
and
went
west
to
dig
and
grow
rich.After
months
of
labor,
he
was
rewarded
by
the
discovery
of
the
shining
ore
(矿石).He
needed
machinery
to
bring
the
ore
to
the
surface.So,
with
the
“strike”,
he
returned
home.And
with
the
help
of
Darby,
he
borrowed
a
lot
of
money.After
buying
the
machinery
and
having
it
shipped,
Uncle
and
Darby
went
back
to
work
the
mine.
课时素养达标
The
first
car
of
ore
was
mined.And
the
returns
proved
they
had
one
of
the
richest
mines
in
Colorado!
Down
went
the
drills!
Up
went
the
hopes
of
Uncle
and
Darby!
Then
something
happened!
The
vein
(矿脉)
of
gold
ore
disappeared!
They
drilled
on,
but
all
in
vain.Finally,
they
decided
to
quit
and
sold
the
machinery
to
a
junk
man
for
a
few
hundred
dollars.The
junk
man
called
in
a
mining
engineer
to
look
at
the
mine
and
do
a
little
calculating.The
engineer’s
calculations
showed
that
the
vein
would
be
found
just
three
feet
from
where
the
Darbys
had
stopped
drilling!
The
junk
man
took
millions
of
dollars
in
the
vein,
because
he
knew
enough
to
seek
experts’
advice
before
giving
up.
Most
of
the
money
which
went
into
the
machinery
was
borrowed
through
the
efforts
of
Darby,
who
was
then
a
very
young
man.The
money
came
from
his
relatives
because
of
their
faith
in
him.He
paid
back
every
dollar
of
it,
although
he
was
years
in
doing
so.
Long
afterwards,
Mr
Darby
made
another
discovery
that
desire
can
be
changed
into
gold.This
discovery
came
after
he
went
into
the
business
of
selling
life
insurance.Remembering
that
he
lost
a
huge
fortune,
for
he
stopped
three
feet
from
gold,
Darby
profited
by
the
experience
in
his
chosen
work,
saying
to
himself,
“I
stopped
three
feet
from
gold,
but
I
will
never
stop
because
men
say
‘no’
when
I
ask
them
to
buy
insurance.”
Darby
sold
more
than
a
million
dollars
in
life
insurance
annually.He
owes
his
“stick-ability”
to
the
lesson
he
learned
from
his
“quit-ability”
in
the
gold
mining
business.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。Darby的叔叔发现了金矿,在Darby和亲戚的帮助下买了钻探设备,但金矿脉却消失了,他们只好把设备卖给了一个旧货商。旧货商找到一个采矿工程师去看矿井,发现Darby只差3英尺就钻探到了金矿。后来Darby从事销售人寿保险业务,由于有前车之鉴,他坚持不放弃,终于成功了。作者想告诉我们,除非我们坚持下去,否则我们无法实现我们的目标。
1.Darby’s
uncle
went
back
home
to
_______.?
A.receive
his
reward
B.seek
financial
support
C.look
for
more
helpers
D.consult
an
engineer
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段So,
with
the
“strike”,
he
returned
home.And
with
the
help
of
Darby,
he
borrowed
a
lot
of
money.可知,Darby的叔叔回到家寻求财政支持。故答案为B。
2.From
the
passage,
we
can
know
Darby
_______.?
A.was
unable
to
pay
off
the
debts
B.mined
his
gold
from
the
failure
C.learned
a
lesson
from
selling
insurance
D.devoted
himself
to
making
new
discoveries
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I
stopped
three
feet
from
gold,
but
I
will
never
stop
because
men
say
‘no’
when
I
ask
them
to
buy
insurance.”和最后一段Darby
sold
more
than
a
million
dollars
in
life
insurance
annually.可知,Darby从失败中挖掘出了他人生的金子。故答案为B。
3.The
author
intends
to
tell
us
that
_______.?
A.hopes
and
difficulties
exist
side
by
side
B.correct
decisions
stem
from
correct
judgment
C.we
should
catch
it
when
opportunity
comes
D.we
won’t
reach
our
goals
unless
we
insist
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段He
owes
his
“stick-ability”
to
the
lesson
he
learned
from
his
“quit-ability”
in
the
gold
mining
business.(他的“坚持能力”要归功于他从金矿行业的“退出能力”学到的教训。)可知,作者想告诉我们,除非我们坚持下去,否则我们无法实现我们的目标。故答案为D。
