(共12张PPT)
Unit
3 The
world
of
science
单元脉图·素养导引
聆听经典·话题热身
【导语】
The
Big
Bang
Theory是电视剧The
Big
Bang
Theory(《生活大爆炸》)的主题曲,
该剧是一部以“科学天才”为背景的情景喜剧。?
注:
听音填空
The
Big
Bang
Theory
Our
whole
universe
was
in
a
hot
dense
state,
Then
nearly
fourteen
billion
years
ago
expansion
started.
Wait.
.
.
The
Earth
began
to
cool,
The
autotrophs
began
to
drool,
Neanderthals
①______________,
?
We
built
a
wall
(we
built
the
pyramids),
Math,
science,
history,
unraveling
the
mysteries,
That
all
started
with
②___________!?
developed
tools
the
big
bang
“Since
the
dawn
of
man”
is
really
not
that
long,
As
every
galaxy
was
formed
in
less
time
than
it
takes
to
sing
this
song.
A
fraction
of
a
second
and
the
elements
were
made.
The
bipeds
③_______________,
?
The
dinosaurs
all
met
their
fate,
They
④___________but
they
were
late,
?
And
they
all
died
(they
froze
their
asses
off),
The
oceans
and
pangea
See
ya,
wouldn’t
wanna
be
ya
stood
up
straight
tried
to
leap
Set
in
motion
by
the
same
big
bang!
It
all
started
with
the
big
bang!
It’s
expanding
ever
outward
but
one
day
It
will
cause
the
stars
to
go
the
other
way,
Collapsing
ever
inward,
we
won’t
be
here,
it
won’t
be
hurt,
Our
best
and
brightest
figure
that
it’ll
make
an
even
bigger
bang!
Australopithecus
would
really
have
been
sick
of
us,
Debating
out
while
here
they’re
catching
deer
(we’re
catching
viruses)
Religion
or
astronomy,
Encarta,
Deuteronomy
It
all
started
with
the
big
bang!
Music
and
mythology,
Einstein
and
astrology
It
all
started
with
the
big
bang!
It
all
started
with
the
big
BANG!
【词海拾贝】
universe
n.
宇宙
expansion
n.
膨胀
galaxy
n.
银河
expanding
adj.
扩展的,
扩充的
figure
n.
形状;
外形
astronomy
n.
天文学
【歌曲译文】
生活大爆炸
宇宙一度又烫又稠密
140亿年前终于爆了炸
等着瞧……
地球开始降温
自养生物来起哄
穴居人发明了工具
我们建长城(我们建金字塔)
数学
自然科学
历史
揭开神秘
一切由大爆炸开始
其实人类历史没有多久
星系形成时间比唱完这支歌还要短
元素在微秒间便形成了
两足动物直立行走
恐龙都得认命了
想要突变
没来得及
就死光光了(屁股都冻成了化石)
大洋和泛大陆
拜拜
才不想学你
都是爆炸惹的祸
一切从大爆炸开始
宇宙向外膨胀
但有一天
星球会反方向运动
向内坍塌
反正我们不在了
不会觉得疼
我们美好光辉的形象将引发一场更大的爆炸
南方古猿肯定不爽我们
在他们捉鹿时唧唧歪歪
(我们现在捉电脑病毒了)
宗教
天文
微软电子百科全书
旧约申命记
一切从大爆炸开始
音乐
神话
爱因斯坦
占星术
一切从大爆炸开始
一切从大爆炸开始(共27张PPT)
Unit
3 The
world
of
science
Using
language
语法精讲·深化学习
现在完成时的被动语态
【情境探究】
根据课文内容,
用所给词完成下列句子,
并把句子翻译成汉语,
体会句中使
用的时态和语态。
1.
This
evening,
I’ll
be
talking
to
Dr
Richard
Fairhurst,
whose
new
book
The
New
Age
of
Invention
___just
_____________(publish).
?
_________________________________________________________________
_______________
has
been
published
今天晚上,
我会对理查德·费尔赫斯特博士进行访谈,
他的新书《发明的新时
代》刚刚出版。
2.
I
guess
you
______________(ask)
about
the
title
of
your
book
before.
?
_____________________________________________
3.
In
addition,
important
advances
______________(make)
in
medicine
and
environmental
science
thanks
to
increasing
computer
power.
?
___________________________________________________________
4.
New
inventions
like
3D
printers
_____________(use)
to
make
replacement
hearts
and
bone
parts.
?
_____________________________________________________________
have
been
asked
我想你以前已经被问过关于你的书的书名的问题。
have
been
made
此外,
由于计算机能力的提高,
医学和环境科学也取得了重要进展。
像3D打印机这样的新发明已经被用来制造心脏和骨骼部分的替代物。
have
been
used
5.
I
_____also
________(tell)
that
you’re
an
inventor
yourself.
?
_________________________________
6.
Nothing
like
this
________________(invent)
yet
and
I’d
say
we’re
a
long
way
from
an
invention
like
that
at
the
moment!?
____________________________________________________________________
_____
have
been
told
我也被告知你本人就是一位发明家。
has
been
invented
还没有像这样的东西被发明,
而且我得说目前我们离这样的发明还有很长一段
路。
【要义详析】
现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,
但主语为动作的承受者,
表示“……已经被……”。
一、构成
肯定式
主语+have/has
been
done.
.
.
否定式
主语+have/has
not
been
done.
.
.
一般疑问式
Have/Has+主语+been
done.
.
.
?
特殊疑问式
疑问词+have/has+主语+been
done.
.
.
?
The
important
problem
has
been
discussed
for
nearly
two
weeks.
这个重要问题已经讨论了将近两周。
The
ink
has
not
been
removed
from
the
clothes.
衣服上的墨水还没去掉。
Haven’t
you
been
informed
of
the
date
of
the
interview?
还没有告诉你面试日期吗?
How
many
buildings
have
been
built
in
your
school?
你们学校已经盖了多少栋楼?
【即学活用】
(1)Already
this
year,
115
measles
cases
_________________in
the
USA,
compared
with
189
for
all
of
last
year.
?
今年美国已经报告了115例麻疹病例,
而去年全年共189例。
(2)The
books
_____________________by
the
students.
?
那些书还没有被学生们借走。
(3)
____the
sports
meeting
___________until
next
Friday??
运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗?
(4)How
many
people
_________________space
till
now??
迄今为止有多少人被发送进入太空?
have
been
reported
have
not
been
borrowed
Has
been
put
off
have
been
sent
into
二、用法
1.
现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样,
强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,
通常与
already,
yet,
just,
never,
recently等副词连用。
My
composition
has
already
been
polished
again
and
again.
我的作文已经被反复润色过了。
The
lost
boy
hasn’t
been
found
yet.
那个失踪的男孩还没有被找到。
Such
a
thing
has
never
been
heard
of
before.
这样的事以前从未听说过。(意为“现在才听说”)
2.
表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,
持续到现在,
并可能持续下去,
常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,
或用于“How
long.
.
.
?”句型中。
Financial
problems
of
the
company
have
been
discussed
for
nearly
two
hours.
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Modern
methods
of
tracking
polar
bear
populations
have
been
employed
only
since
the
mid-1980s.
追踪北极熊数量的现代方法自从20世纪80年代中期才被采用。
【名师点津】
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:
already
已经(常用于肯定句)
yet
已经
(常用于否定句或一般疑问句)
recently/lately最近
since
then从那时起
ever
since自那以来
ever曾经
so
far迄今为止
by
now到现在为止
for
a
long
time
很长一段时间
in
recent
years
在最近几年里
in/during/over
the
past/last
years
在过去的几年里
【即学活用】
(1)Nothing
_____________to
make
the
river
clean
again.
?
没有采取任何措施来使河流再次变清。
(2)The
child
___________________by
grandma
all
these
years.
?
这些年,
孩子一直由奶奶照看。
(3)____
the
book
______________into
many
languages??
这本书已经被翻译成多国语言了吗?
has
been
done
has
been
taken
care
of
Has
been
translated
(4)By
now
516
Confucius
Institutes
_________________in
142
countries
and
regions.
?
现在世界142个国家和地区已经建立了516所孔子学院。
(5)How
long
___the
exhibition
_________??
那个展览已经举行了多久了?
have
been
founded
has
been
held
3.
用在时间或条件状语从句中,
表示将来某时已完成的动作,
即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You
shouldn’t
leave
school
before
your
homework
has
been
finished.
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
The
teacher
won’t
leave
until
all
the
children
have
been
picked
up.
直到所有的孩子都被接走,
老师才离开。
【名师点津】
现在完成时的被动语态使用须知
使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题:
(1)现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词,
即
have/has和been,
两者缺一不可。
(2)现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别:
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候,
其结果对现在没有影响;
而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,
但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。
The
house
was
built
last
year.
这房子是去年建造的。
The
house
has
been
built.
这房子已经建好了。
(3)带有双宾语的动词,
如give,
send,
bring,
take,
teach,
show,
tell,
make,
sing,
write,
read,
sell,
buy,
pay,
lend,
pass,
promise等,
变为被动语态时,
一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,
若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时,
间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。
The
company
has
given
him
a
chance
to
work
abroad
recently.
→He
has
been
given
a
chance
to
work
abroad
recently
(by
the
company).
→A
chance
to
work
abroad
has
been
given
to
him
recently
(by
the
company).
最近公司给了他一个到国外工作的机会。
(4)被动语态的句子中的主语是行为动作的承受者。需要注意的是,
并不是所有的动词或词组都有被动形式。如:
happen,
take
place,
break
out,
belong
to,
cost,
last等不及物动词或词组就没有被动形式。
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
our
country
in
the
past
30
years.
过去30
年我们国家发生了巨大变化。
【即学活用】
用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
(1)They
have
found
a
good
place
to
build
a
temple
in
the
village.
→A
good
place
_____________to
build
a
temple
in
the
village.
?
(2)We
haven’t
decided
how
to
solve
that
difficult
technological
problem
yet.
→How
to
solve
that
difficult
technological
problem
_________________yet.
?
has
been
found
hasn’t
been
decided
(3)The
musician
along
with
his
band
members
have
given
ten
performances
in
the
last
three
months.
→Ten
performances
______________by
the
musician
along
with
his
band
members
in
the
last
three
months.
?
(4)He
has
sent
me
an
e-mail.
→I
_____________an
e-mail.
?
→An
e-mail
______________me.
?
have
been
given
have
been
sent
has
been
sent
to
【语法主题应用】
根据提示运用本课时所学语法知识填空
In
the
past
years,
our
life
1.
___________(change)a
lot.
Various
inventions
2.
__________(make)our
life
convenient
and
colorful.
Modern
transportation
and
communication
3.
__________(make)our
life
faster
and
easier.
Many
high—rise
buildings
4.
______________(build),
making
our
life
clean
and
comfortable.
What’s
the
most
important
is
that
great
changes
5.
__________
(take)
place
in
people’s
concept
of
life.
Now
people
not
only
care
more
about
their
own
health
but
also
our
planet’s
health.
In
a
word,
this
is
the
happiest
life
we
6.
_________(live).
?
has
changed
have
made
have
made
have
been
built
have
taken
have
lived
主题活动·话题实践
Activity
1 Careers
in
science?
Ⅰ.
话题词汇
表示职业的词
1.
physicist
物理学家
2.
chemist化学家
3.
mathematician数学家
4.
astronaut宇航员
5.
astronomer天文学家
6.
geographer
地理学家
7.
biologist
生物学家
8.
botanist
植物学家
9.
biochemist
生物化学家
10.
lawyer
律师
11.
dentist
牙医
12.
surgeon
外科医生
13.
engineer工程师
14.
accountant
会计师
15.
actress
女演员
16.
actor男演员
17.
director
导演
18.
merchant商人
19.
journalist
记者
20.
musician音乐家
21.
painter
画家
22.
artist
艺术家
Ⅱ.
话题情境
根据情景和提示完成对话
T:
Boys
and
girls,
today
let’s
talk
about
your
ambition.
What
will
you
want
to
be
in
the
future
and
why?
S1:
I
want
to
be
a
1.
________like
Qian
Xuesen,
who
made
great
contributions
to
the
first
rocket,
intercontinental
missile
and
satellites
of
our
country.
I
bet
without
him,
our
aerospace
industry
lags
far
behind
that
of
other
countries.
S2:
When
I
grow
up,
I
want
to
be
an
2.
_________.
I
hope
in
the
future,
I
will
have
the
chance
to
explore
space.
physicist
astronaut
S3:
My
dream
is
to
be
a
3.
_______I
want
people
to
appreciate
beautiful
things
together.
T:
Jim,
what
about
you?
J:
I.
.
.
I
want
to
be
a
4.
_______,
because
it’s
the
teachers
that
teach
us
knowledge
and
it’s
the
teachers
who
teach
us
how
to
be
a
man.
T:
Well
done.
All
the
students
did
very
well
.
Different
students
have
different
dreams.
But
whether
you
want
to
be
an
5.
________or
a
6.
_______,
only
through
our
hard
work
can
we
make
our
dreams
come
true.
painter.
teacher
engineer
scientist
Activity
2 Invention
stories?
Ⅰ.
情境句式
1.
The.
.
.
was
invented
by.
.
.
这个……是由……发明的。
2.
He
got
the
inspiration
from.
.
.
他从……得到灵感。
3.
For
the
sake
of
safety,
he
modified
it.
为了安全起见,
他改进了它。
4.
It’s
easy
to
install/operate/control/clean
out
它很容易安装/操作/控制/清洗……
5.
People
say
that
necessity
is
the
mother
of
creation.
人们说,
需要是创造之母。
6.
Imagination
is
not
only
necessary
in
literature
creation,
but
also
necessary
in
invention.
不仅文学创作需要想象力,
发明创造更需要想象力。
7.
I
wish
I
would
invent
a
kind
of
machine
which
can
help
to
deal
with
rubbish.
我希望能发明一种帮着处理垃圾的机器。
Ⅱ.
情境交流
你的好朋友刚从图书馆回来,
他去查阅了有关儿童安全座椅方面的知
识……
A:
I
hear
that
you
have
just
returned
from
the
library.
Can
you
share
with
me
the
knowledge
of
child
safety
seat
because
I’m
also
interested
in
it.
B:
Of
course.
What
do
you
want
to
know?
A:
When
was
it
invented
and
who
invented
it?
B:
1.
__________________________________________(它是在二十世纪六十年
代由沃尔沃公司发明)?
It
was
invented
by
Volvo
Company
in
the
1960s.
A:
Where
was
the
inspiration
from?
B:
2.
_________________________________________(他们从宇航员的座位得
到灵感)Their
seats
can
withstand
the
tremendous
force
of
the
capsule
lifting
and
lowering
to
keep
them
safe.
?
A:
Wonderful
!What
a
useful
invention!Has
it
been
improved
later?
B:
Yes.
Later
they
realized
the
importance
of
lateral
(侧面的)protection
for
children.
3.
___________________________________________________(所以为
了孩子们的安全,
他们改进了座位)Now
the
seats
are
not
only
safe
and
strong
but
also
4.
_______________.
(很容易安装)?
A:
How
clever
they
are
and
how
nice
you
are
!
Thank
you
for
your
sharing.
B:
You
are
welcome.
They
got
the
inspiration
from
astronauts’
seats.
So
for
the
sake
of
children’s
safety,
they
improved
the
seat.
are
easy
to
install(共66张PPT)
Unit
3 The
world
of
science
Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
根据语境写出正确的单词
1.
_____a
button 按下一个按钮
2.
_____an
arrow
射箭
3.
______reality
虚拟现实
4.
a
more
_______approach
一个更灵活的方法
5.
charge
the
_______
给电池充电
6.
a
_______spokesman
一位有能力的发言人
7.
______stuff
黏性材料
8.
meet
one’s
______
满足某人的愿望
press
shoot
virtual
flexible
battery
capable
sticky
desire
Ⅱ.
选词填空
think
of,
virtual
reality,
wearable
tech,
as
well
as,
in
addition,
thanks
to,
in
terms
of,
be
capable
of,
lead
to,
never
say
never
1.
As
long
as
there
is
a
ray
of
hope,
we
will
make
every
effort
and
_________
_____.
?
2.
_________the
donations,
the
poor
girl
could
be
operated
on
in
time.
?
3.
Geng
Shuang
is
a
handsome
foreign
Ministry
spokesman;
__________,
he
is
also
known
for
his
tough
manner.
?
never
say
never
Thanks
to
in
addition
4.
Now,
reduced
energy
supplies
and
environmental
pollution
have
_____more
advances
in
the
technology
of
new
energy
vehicles.
?
5.
________the
four
great
inventions
in
Ancient
China:
gunpowder,
papermaking,
printing
and
the
compass.
?
6.
She
pointed
out
the
illness
can
affect
adults
_________children.
?
7.
He
stood
out
__________competence
from
all
his
fellows.
?
8.
Get
the
latest
in
____________,
including
smart
watches,
exercise
trackers,
VR
headsets
and
more.
?
led
to
Think
of
as
well
as
in
terms
of
wearable
tech
9.
Generally
speaking,
more
advanced
civilization
would
____________seeing
much
farther.
?
10.
Several
groups
of
scientists
around
the
world
are
looking
for
additional
application
of
____________.
?
be
capable
of
virtual
reality
Ⅲ.
根据课文及汉语提示完成句子
1.
_______________golden
ages
of
invention
throughout
history.
?
历史上已经有发明创造的黄金时代。
2.
Advances
in
virtual
reality
and
wearable
tech,
_________the
flexible
battery,
mean
we
should
soon
be
seeing
further
development.
?
虚拟现实、可穿戴技术以及柔性电池的进步意味着我们将很快看到进一步的
发展。
There
have
been
as
well
as
3.
In
addition,
__________________________________medicine
and
environmental
science
thanks
to
increasing
computer
power.
?
此外,
由于计算机能力的增强,
医学和环境科学也取得了重大进展。
4.
In
terms
of
the
environment,
_______________________an
intelligent
walking
house.
?
从环境的角度,
现在可以制造智能的可行走的房屋。
5.
_____________using
GPS
technology
to
travel
to
different
places,
with
computing
technology
controlling
its
“legs”.
?
由计算机技术控制它的“腿”,
可以使用GPS科技到不同的地方旅行。
important
advances
have
been
made
in
it
is
now
possible
to
create
It’s
capable
of
阅读研析·合作学习
【主题导入】
Thanks
to
Edison,
he
brings
light
to
the
world.
It
is
the
invention
of
TV
set
that
makes
our
life
colorful.
Of
course,
the
role
that
smart
phones
are
playing
is
beyond
expression.
In
fact,
in
our
daily
life
there
are
many
inventions
which
make
our
life
increasingly
convenient.
I
must
say
that
the
present
day
is
a
new
age
of
inventions.
Can
you
list
some
inventions?
_________________________________________________________________
__________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Lighting
gloves:
lighting
gloves
increase
productivity
by
making
it
easier
to
operate
in
the
dark.
?
Tumbler
children’s
bowl:
this
kind
of
bowls
is
not
only
easy
to
clean
but
also
is
not
easy
to
knock
over.
Meanwhile,
it
can
be
used
as
children’s
toys.
?
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(1)What
is
the
theme
of
the
text
about?
A.
The
book
The
New
Age
of
Invention
has
been
published.
B.
The
present
day
is
a
new
age
for
inventions.
C.
The
great
age
of
invention
is
over.
D.
There
have
been
the
golden
ages
of
invention
throughout
history.
(2)Why
does
Richard
mention
the
four
great
inventions
in
Ancient
China?
A.
To
prove
the
golden
ages
of
invention
in
history.
B.
To
tell
us
the
importance
of
the
four
inventions.
C.
To
share
his
knowledge
about
the
four
inventions.
D.
To
compare
them
with
the
great
Western
inventions.
(3)What
new
inventions
are
NOT
mentioned
in
the
text?
A.
Virtual
reality
and
wearable
tech.
B.
The
flexible
battery
and
the
3D
printers.
C.
The
inventions
made
by
Richard.
D.
The
replacement
of
human
organs.
(4)What
is
Richard’s
attitude
to
inventing
a
time
machine?
A.
Negative.
B.
Optimistic.
C.
Critical.
D.
Supportive.
(5)What
do
we
know
about
the
new
great
inventions
today?
A.
All
of
them
are
tech-based.
B.
Computer
technology
helps
a
lot.
C.
The
solar
technology
is
always
eco-friendly.
D.
A
solution
to
a
problem
is
an
invention.
答案:
(1)～(5)BACBB
2.
Long
sentence
analysis.
译文:
就环境而言,
现在创造一个智能行走的房子是可能的。
译文:
_____________________,
它能用GPS技术到不同的地方去。
用计算技术控制它的腿
Reread
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
There
have
been
(1)
______(gold)
ages
of
invention
throughout
history.
Think
of
the
four
great
(2)
_________(invent)in
Ancient
China:
gunpowder,
papermaking,
(3)
________(print)
and
the
compass.
These
things
changed
the
world
forever.
Then
there
were
the
great
Western
inventions:
the
steam
engine,
the
telephone
and
the
radio,
now
most
of
(4)
______are
tech-based.
For
example,
advances
in
virtual
reality
and
(5)________(wear)
tech,
as
well
as
the
flexible
battery,
mean
we
should
soon
be
seeing
(6)_______(far)
developments.
In
addition,
important
advances
(7)
______________(make)
in
medicine
and
golden
inventions
printing
which
wearable
further
have
been
made
(8)_____________(environment)
science
thanks
to
increasing
computer
power.
New
inventions
(9)____
3D
printers
have
been
used
to
make
replacement
hearts
and
bone
parts.
In
terms
of
the
environment,
it
is
now
possible
(10)
________
(create)
an
intelligent
walking
house.
?
environmental
like
to
create
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
Do
you
think
the
present
day
is
a
new
age
for
inventions?
Why?(Critical
Thinking批判性思维)
____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________?
2.
How
should
you
do
in
the
new
age
of
invention?(Creative
Thinking创造性思
维)
____________________________________________________________________
___________
Yes.
Because
advances
in
science
around
us
are
huge
and
great,
such
as
virtual
reality,
wearable
tech,
flexible
battery.
I
will
try
my
best
to
solve
the
problem
in
the
scientific
ways,
like
inventing
some
new
things.
?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
press
v.
按
Presently
I
am
going
to
press
the
lever,
and
off
the
machine
will
go.
现在我要按一下操纵杆,
机器就开动了。
They
are
pressing
us
to
make
a
quick
decision.
他们正催促我们尽快做出决定。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)This
smart
keyboard
precisely
measures
the
cadence
with
which
one
types
and
the
pressure
fingers
apply
to
each
key.
这种智能键盘精确地测量打字的节奏和手指对每个键的压力。
Teenagers
may
find
it
difficult
to
resist
peer
pressure.
青少年可能觉得很难抗拒同龄人的压力。
【导图理词】
【熟词生义】
The
press
are/is
interested
in
sports.
新闻界对体育运动感兴趣。
(
)
新闻界
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①If
_______(press),
he
will
admit
that
he
knew
about
the
affair.
②She
pressed
her
face
_______the
window
but
saw
nothing
outside.
③Even
if
I
had
the
talent
to
play
tennis
I
couldn’t
stand
the
________(press).
(2)
___________________public
opinion,
Mr
Trump
got
down
to
addressing
the
death
of
the
black
man
due
to
police
brutality.
?
特朗普在公众舆论的压力下开始解决黑人因警察暴力执法而死亡的事件。
pressed
against
pressure
Under
the
pressure
of
2.
shoot
v.
射出(光,
亮等),
放射
A
faint
blue
light
shot
across
it,
darkening
to
purple,
and
presently
she
could
see
the
image
of
her
son,
who
lived
on
the
other
side
of
the
earth,
and
he
could
see
her.
一道微弱的蓝光从中射出,
加深变成紫色,
不久她就看到儿子的影像,
住在地球的另一边的儿子看到了她。
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Jeff
had
hunted
in
Lowa
before
Thanksgiving
with
his
dog,
Rosie,
but
the
gun
shots
had
scared
the
dog
off.
杰夫在感恩节之前和他的狗罗西在洛瓦打猎,
但是枪声把狗吓跑了。
He
shot
at
the
target,
but
missed
it.
他开枪打靶,
但没有打中。
He
could
have
shot
instead
of
passing.
他本应该射门,
不该传球。
【导图理词】
【熟词生义】
The
film
was
shot
over
six
months
beginning
in
the
spring
of
2017
in
and
around
Montreal.
从2017年春季开始,
这部电影开始在蒙特利尔及其周边地区拍摄,
整个拍摄周
期为6个多月。
(
)
v.
拍摄
【名师点津】
巧记shoot
shoot表示“射死”,
是及物动词,
后面直接跟宾语;
而shoot
at.
.
.
表示“向……开枪”,
这时shoot是不及物动词,
介词at不能换成to。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①He
ordered
her
to
shoot
__the
apple
with
one
of
her
arrows.
②The
cruel
man
took
a
____(shoot)at
the
camel,
but
missed.
(2)
写出下列句中shoot或shot的含义
①Suddenly,
a
beam
of
yellow
light
shot
across
the
room.
_____
②Spielberg’s
career
really
took
off
when
he
began
to
shoot
his
short
films.
_____
③He
missed
a
great
opportunity
to
shoot
at
goal.
_____
at
shot
射出
拍摄
射击
3.
in
addition
除此之外,
另外
The
company
provides
cheap
Internet
access.
In
addition,
it
makes
shareware
freely
available.
该公司提供廉价的互联网接入服务。此外,
它还免费提供共享软件。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In
addition,
most
newspapers
had
little
in
them
that
would
appeal
to
a
mass
audience.
此外,
大多数报纸的内容很少能吸引读者。
In
addition
to
his
salary,
he
has
a
bonus
of
1,
000
yuan
per
month.
除工资外,
他每个月还有1
000
元钱的奖金。
【名师点津】
in
addition与in
addition
to
1.
in
addition可用于句首、句中或句末,
用于句首或句中时,
通常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
2.
in
addition与
in
addition
to辨析
·in
addition“除此之外,
另外”,
是副词短语,
单独作状语。
·in
addition
to“除……之外(还)”,
是介词短语,
后接名词、代词或动名词。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①I
make
a
mistake
in
________(add).
②In
addition
__a
diet,
she
pursues
various
exercises
on
TV.
③The
blanket
will
provide
_________(addition)warmth
and
comfort
in
bed.
(2)
选词填空(in
addition/in
addition
to)
①I
can
post
the
letter
for
you.
__________,
doing
some
walking
does
me
good.
?
②____________the
school,
the
village
has
a
clinic,
which
was
also
built
with
government’s
support.
?
③____________swimming,
she
likes
playing
the
guitar.
?
addition
to
additional
In
addition
In
addition
to
In
addition
to
4.
capable
adj.
有能力的
It
is
capable
of
using
GPS
technology
to
travel
to
different
places,
with
computing
technology
controlling
its“legs”.
它能够使用
GPS
技术到不同的地方旅行,
通过计算技术控制它的“腿”。
Animals
in
the
zoos
have
lost
the
capability
to
catch/of
catching
food
themselves.
动物园里的动物已经失去了自己捕食的能力。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)用capable的适当形式填空
①She
looked
enthusiastic
and
_______.
②Though
the
job
is
beyond
my
_________,
I
will
try
my
best
to
do
it
well.
(2)
____________________________________________?
我完全有能力照顾自己。
(3)
The
society
was
looking
for
_______________________.
?
该协会在物色一位有能力的研究人员。
capable
capability
I’
m
quite
capable
of
taking
/to
take
care
of
myself.
a
capable
research
worker
5.
desire
n.
渴望;
欲望;
愿望
v.
渴望;
期望
But
what
remains
important
is
that
we
have
an
incredible
desire
to
think
and
create,
and
that’s
the
real
spirit
of
invention.
但重要的是,
我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望,
这才是真正的发明精神。
Fewer
people
desire
to
live
in
the
north
of
the
country.
想住在这个国家北方的人就更少了。
I
desire
that
he
should
call
me
on
Monday
morning.
我要求他周一早晨给我打电话。
(2019·天津高考)Reading
satisfies
my
desire
to
keep
learning.
阅读满足了我持续学习的愿望。
【导图理词】
【名师点津】
desire后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句用虚拟语气,
谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,
should
可以省略。
接宾语从句时,
从句用(should+)
do形式的动词有:
一坚持(insist);
二命令(order,
command);
三建议(suggest,
propose,
advise);
四要求(demand,
require,
request,
desire)。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①He
has
expressed
a
desire
_____(see)
you.
?
②It
was
desired
that
the
expert
___________(come)at
once.
?
③The
medicine
did
not
achieve
the
_______(desire)effect.
(2)一句多译
Everyone
____________________while
success
only
belongs
to
the
hard-working
people.
(desire
n.
)?
=Everyone
________________while
success
only
belongs
to
the
hard-working
people.
(desire
vt.
)?
每个人都渴望成功,
而成功只属于努力的人。
to
see
should
come
desired
has
a
desire
for
success
desires
to
succeed
6.
So
what
is
it
that
inspires
us
to
invent
things?
?
那么是什么激励我们发明东西呢?
【句式解构】
(1)本句是强调句型的特殊疑问句。强调句型的基本结构:
It
is
+被强调的部分+
that/
who
+
其他。该句中被强调的部分是特殊疑问词what。被强调的部分指物时,
其后只能用that;
当被强调的部分指人时,
其后用that/
who均可。
(2)句中的inspires
us
to
invent
things是inspire
sb.
to
do
sth.
结构,
意为“激励某人做某事”。
However,
it
was
Haydn
who
encouraged
Beethoven
to
move
to
Vienna.
然而,
正是海顿鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的。
It
was
not
until
he
left
his
motherland
that
he
realized
how
much
he
loved
it.
直到他离开祖国的时候,
他才意识到他是多么热爱祖国。
Was
it
in
Zhangjiajie
that
the
girl
in
the
wing
suit
lost
her
life?
那个翼装飞行的女孩是在张家界出事的吗?
Why
was
it
that
he
refused
to
answer
my
telephone?
他到底为什么拒接我的电话?
【名师点津】
强调句型小结
【知识延伸】辨析强调句型和定语从句
(1)强调句中的It没有实际意义,
It
be与that可同时被省略;
而定语从句中的It是主语,
It
be与that不可同时省略。
(2)强调句中的that不能省略,
即使前面的名词是事物时,
也不能将that换成which或其他词;
而定语从句中的that作宾语时可被省略,
并且当先行词是事物时可用which或其他词代替。
It
was
the
English
book
that
I
bought
yesterday.
昨天我买的就是这本英语书。(本句相当于对I
bought
the
English
book
yesterday中the
English
book进行强调)
It
is
the
English
book
(that/
which)
I
bought
yesterday.
这是我昨天买的英语书。(本句是对What
is
that?问句的回答,
that/
which引导的是定语从句,
that/
which可被省略)
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①It
was
in
the
small
house
__________was
built
with
stones
by
his
father
____
he
spent
his
childhood.
?
②__was
not
until
the
area
was
seriously
polluted
that
they
realized
that
it
was
high
time
to
take
action
to
stop
pollution.
?
③It’s
not
what
you
say
___what
you
do
that
matters.
(2)It
was
the
big
smiling
face
in
the
sky
_________________.
?
是空中的大笑脸使我们感到快乐。
that/
which
that
It
but
that
made
us
happy
(3)
_________________________________that
they
are
getting
along
well
with
each
other.
?
正是因为他们有很多共同之处,
他们才相处得很好。
It’s
because
they
have
a
lot
in
common
【要点拾遗】
1.
flexible
adj.
易弯曲的,
柔韧的
Leather
and
rubber
are
flexible,
but
glass
and
iron
are
not.
皮革和橡胶都是易弯曲的,
玻璃和铁则不然。
This
tube
is
flexible
but
tough.
这管子柔软但很坚固。
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Remember
that
goals
are
flexible.
记住目标很灵活。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①You
can
deal
with
it
_______(flexible).
②He
enjoyed
the
_________(flexible)
of
his
working
arrangement.
(2)We
need
___________________.
?
我们需要一个更为灵活的制度。
flexibly
flexibility
a
more
flexible
system
2.
in
terms
of就……而言;
在……方面
In
terms
of
the
environment,
it
is
now
possible
to
create
an
intelligent
walking
house.
就环境而言,
现在有可能建造一个智能步行屋。
What
they
have
done
is
good
for
the
environment
in
the
long
term.
从长期来看,
他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。
We
have
been
on
good
terms
with
our
neighbors
for
all
these
years.
这么多年来我们一直和邻居的关系很好。
【词块积累】
in
the
long/short
term
就长期/短期而言
be
on
good/bad
terms
with
sb.
与某人关系好/不好
come
to
terms
with.
.
.
妥协;
达成协议;
甘心忍受
on
one’s
terms
依照某人的条件
【熟词生义】
I
think
it’s
a
bit
unkind
to
describe
the
ship
in
those
terms.
(
)
我觉得用这样的措辞来形容这艘船有点不太厚道。
措辞,
言语
【即学活用】
(1)Our
teacher
urges
us
to
form
a
good
habit
of
learning,
which
we
think
will
benefit
us
______________.
?
老师要求我们形成良好的学习习惯,
就长期而言,
我们认为这将使我们受益。
(2)
___________________________(就绿色发展而言),
the
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
region
saw
its
average
PM2.
5
density
down
nearly
40
percent.
?
(3)I
have
had
good
results
_______________(就短期而言),
but
I
have
to
improve
______________(就长期而言).
?
(4)It’s
rather
difficult
for
a
selfish
person
______________________(和……关
系好)others.
?
in
the
long
term
In
terms
of
green
development
in
the
short
term
in
the
long
term
to
be
on
good
terms
with
3.
This
evening,
I’ll
be
talking
to
Dr
Richard
Fairhurst,
whose
new
book
The
New
Age
of
Invention
has
just
been
published.
今天晚上,
我会对理查德·费尔赫斯特博士进行访谈,
他的新书《发明的新时代》刚刚出版。?
【句式解构】
(1)本句是主从复合句。其中whose
new
book.
.
.
has
just
been
published是whose引导的非限制性定语从句,
whose在从句中作定语,
修饰名词book。
(2)new
book和The
New
Age
of
Invention是同位语,
共同作从句的主语。
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
First,
I
wanted
to
be
a
fireman,
whose
uniform
looked
so
cool.
首先,
我想成为一名消防员,
他的制服看起来很酷。
I
saw
some
trees
whose
leaves
were
black
with
disease.
我看到一些树,
树的叶子因为疾病都变黑了。
Now
I
want
to
show
my
great
gratitude
to
my
teacher,
without
whose
help
I
wouldn’t
have
such
rapid
progress.
在此我要向我的老师表示感谢,
没有他的帮助,
我不可能取得如此快速的进步。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In
recent
years
some
Inuit
people
in
Nunavut
have
reported
increases
in
bear
sightings
around
human
settlements,
leading
to
a
belief
that
populations
are
increasing.
最近几年,
努纳武特的一些因纽特人报告说,
在人类居住地附近观察到熊的数量增加了,
这使人们相信,
熊的数量正在增加。
【拓展延伸】whose引导定语从句
(1)whose是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词,
它是关系代词who的所有格,
在从句中作定语,
也就是说当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系,
表达“……的”意思时,
用关系代词whose
引导定语从句。
(2)它既可以指代人,
也可以指代物,
既可引导限制性定语从句,
也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
(3)whose引导定语从句时,
常可与of
which/of
whom引导的定语从句进行转换。
Madam
Curie
is
the
woman
whose
name
is
known
all
over
the
world.
Madam
Curie
is
the
woman,
the
name
of
whom
is
known
all
over
the
world.
居里夫人是一位被全世界所熟知的女科学家。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The
professor
______daughter
has
gone
abroad
is
very
famous
in
China.
②You
are
the
only
person,
the
advice
of
______he
might
listen
to.
③Wolves
are
highly
social
animals
______success
depends
on
cooperation.
(2)The
book
_________________________is
mine.
?
那本封面丢了的书是我的。
whose
whom
whose
of
which
the
cover
is
missing
4.
But
what
remains
important
is
that
we
have
an
incredible
desire
to
think
and
create,
and
that’s
the
real
spirit
of
invention.
但仍然重要的是,
我们有一种思考和创造的强烈渴望,
这才是真正的发明精神。?
【句式解构】
本句是主从复合句。其中what
remains
important是what引导的主语从句,
what在从句中作主语;
that
we
have.
.
.
to
think
and
create是that引导的表语从句,
that在表语从句中不作成分。
【知识延伸】
what引导名词性从句的用法:
(1)what除了引导主语从句,
还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
(2)what引导名词性从句在句中作成分时,
既有一定的含义,
又起连接作用,
在从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。
What
you
need
is
a
great
teacher
who
allows
you
to
make
mistakes.
(主语从句)
你所需要的是一个能允许你犯错的好老师。
(2019·江苏高考)This
is
what
the
developing
countries
need
the
most.
(表语从句)
这正是发展中国家最需要的。
I
have
no
idea
what
he’s
going
to
do
with
it.
(同位语从句)
我想不出来他会用它来做什么。
The
reason
why
I
love
western
music
is
that
the
piece
of
music
named
Fate
Symphony
by
Beethoven
has
inspired
me
a
lot
to
move
on
when
I
am
in
difficulty.
我喜欢西方音乐是因为那首贝多芬的《命运交响曲》在我遇到困难的时候给了我很多鼓励。
【名师点津】
主语从句与表语从句
1.
主语从句:
(1)引导词位于句首不能省略。
(2)主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数。
(3)为了防止句子头重脚轻,
常把形式主语it放在句首,
真正主语置于句末。如:
It
is
certain
that
he
will
win
the
match.
他一定会赢得这场比赛的。
(4)what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分,
如主语、宾语、表语,
而that
不能。
2.
表语从句:
that引导表语从句时不充当句子成分,
但不能省略。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①_____he
said
at
the
meeting
astonished
everybody
present.
②Do
not
put
off
till
tomorrow
_____you
can
do
today.
③My
suggestion
is
____we
should
make
a
list
of
_____we
should
need
before
going
shopping.
④Perseverance
is
a
kind
of
quality
and
that’s
_____it
takes
to
do
anything
well.
⑤__is
difficult
to
think
of
a
world
without
metals.
What
what
that
what
what
It
(2)一句多译
众所周知,
光速比声音的速度快。
__________________________________________________(what引导主语从句)?
_____________________________________________(it作形式主语)?
__________________________________________(as
引导的定语从句)?
What
is
known
to
us
is
that
light
travels
faster
than
sound.
It
is
known
to
us
that
light
travels
faster
than
sound.
As
is
known
to
us,
light
travels
faster
than
sound.
【拓视野·观天下】
1.
Premier
Li
Keqiang
met
the
press
at
4
pm
on
Tuesday
after
the
closing
of
the
third
session
of
the
13th
National
People’s
Congress.
周二下午4点,
在第十三届全国人民代表大会第三次会议结束后,
国务院总理李克强会见了记者。
2.
Dee
was
a
smart,
capable
and
attractive
woman
with
a
sense
of
humor.
迪依是一位聪明能干且有魅力的女人,
她还很有幽默感。
3.
Innovations
applied
in
the
latest
survey
include
the
application
of
the
BeiDou-3
Navigation
Satellite
System,
domestic
navigation
equipment,
the
airborne
gravimeter
and
3D
interactive
virtual
reality.
在最新的调查中应用的创新包括北斗3导航卫星系统的应用,
国内的导航设备,
航空重力仪和三维交互式虚拟现实。
4.
They
also
found,
when
using
electrical
stimulation,
they
were
able
to
increase
people’s
desires
to
yawn.
他们还发现,
使用电刺激可以增加人们打哈欠的欲望。(共100张PPT)
Unit
3 The
world
of
science
Developing
ideas
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
根据英文释义写出正确的单词
1.
______:
of
or
relating
to
the
mind
2.
____:
to
make
an
illness
go
away
3.
______:
to
fasten
or
join
one
thing
to
another
4.
_______:
to
allow
heat
or
electricity
to
pass
along
or
through
it
5.
_______:
a
written
or
spoken
description
of
sth.
that
has
happened
6.
_______:
to
a
complete
degree
or
to
the
full
or
entire
extent
7.
_________:
a
way
of
doing
sth.
,
especially
the
usual
or
correct
way
mental
cure
attach
conduct
account
entirely
procedure
8.
_______:
accepting
what
happens
or
what
people
do
without
trying
to
change
anything
or
oppose
them
9.
_______:
too
far
or
too
advanced
for
sb.
/sth.
10.
____________:
not
normal
or
ordinary
11.
________:
very
intelligent
or
skillful
12.
___________:
the
importance
of
sth.
,
especially
when
this
has
effect
on
what
happens
in
the
future
13.
________:
correct
and
true
in
every
detail
passive
beyond
extraordinary
brilliant
significance
accurate
14.
__________:
an
official
or
formal
statement,
especially
about
the
plans
of
a
government
or
an
organization
15.
__________:
a
scientific
test
that
is
done
in
order
to
study
what
happens
and
to
gain
new
knowledge.
16.
________:
connected
with
science.
17.
_____:
information,
documents
that
show
that
sth.
is
true
declaration
experiment
scientific
proof
Ⅱ.
根据语境用恰当的介词或副词填空
1.
People
really
wanted
to
know
if
lightning
was
really
produced
___electricity.
2.
He
raised
the
kite
____a
piece
of
string
tied
to
it.
3.
A
flash
of
lightning
hit
the
kite
and
electricity
was
conducted
_______the
string
to
the
key.
4.
More
than
one
generation
of
schoolchildren
have
been
amazed
by
his
bravery
and
his
scientific
approach
__looking
for
the
truth.
5.
If
Franklin
had
actually
touched
the
key,
he
would
certainly
have
died
_____
the
electric
shock.
by
with
through
to
from
6.
Some
have
even
questioned
the
story
about
the
apple
that
fell
on
Newton’s
head
and
led
him
to
come
up
____his
theory
of
gravity.
7.
While
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple,
there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
___the
head.
with
on
根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1.
However,
new
research
________that
the
story
_______fiction
instead
of
fact.
?
然而,
新的研究表明:
这个故事可能是虚构的而不是事实。
2.
A
metal
key
______________the
string.
?
线上拴了一把金属钥匙。
3.
This,
he
said,
_______that
lightning
was
a
form
of
electricity.
他说,
这就表明闪电是电的一种形式。
suggests
may
be
was
attached
to
proved
4.
Scientists
often
_____________________because
they
want
to
establish
the
facts.
?
科学家经常质疑已被接受的观点,
因为他们想要确定事实。
5.
People
_____________________by
Franklin’s
spirit
of
scientific
exploration
____by
the
facts
themselves.
人们更多的是受到了富兰克林的科学探索精神的
鼓舞,
而不是事实本身。?
question
accepted
ideas
have
been
more
inspired
than
阅读研析·合作学习
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(1)What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.
The
story
of
Franklin’s
experiment
is
true
or
not.
B.
The
aim
of
Franklin’s
experiment.
C.
The
procedure
of
Franklin’s
experiment.
D.
The
effect
of
Franklin’s
experiment.
(2)From
the
first
two
paragraphs,
what
do
we
know
about
the
experiment?
A.
Only
Franklin
wanted
to
know
the
relation
between
electricity
and
lightning.
B.
Franklin
taught
many
children
about
his
findings
in
different
schools.
C.
People
had
already
known
the
cause
of
lightning
before
Franklin’s
experiment.
D.
As
a
scientist,
Franklin
was
admired
for
his
attitude
to
science.
(3)What
people
are
inspired
by
in
Franklin’s
story?
A.
His
bravery
and
scientific
approach.
B.
The
kite
with
a
key
tied
to
the
string.
C.
The
stormy
weather
with
lightning.
D.
His
touching
on
the
metal
key.
(4)What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
story
of
Franklin’s
experiment?
A.
Doubtful
B.
Curious
C.
Objective
D.
Not
mentioned
(5)What
was
TRUE
from
Newton’s
story
we
know?
A.
The
scientists
didn’t
see
the
apple
falling
on
Newton’s
head.
B.
Scientists
like
to
question
everything
around
them.
C.
Everyone
can
prove
the
apple
really
hit
Newton
on
the
head.
D.
The
falling
apple
inspired
Newton
to
think
deeply
about
why.
答案:
(1)～(5)ADAAD
2.
Long
sentence
analysis.
译文:
_______________就是这位美国开国元勋和科学家在1752年的一次暴风
雨中_______________。
译文:
有些(科学家)甚至质疑关于落在牛顿头上,
___________________的苹果
的故事。
这个著名的故事
放飞了一只风筝
促使他提出重力理论
Fill
in
the
blanks
Benjamin
Franklin
once
carried
out
a
famous
experiment
(1)
________
(prove)
that
lightning
was
a
form
of
electricity.
He
raised
(2)__
kite
with
a
piece
of
string
tied
to
it
and
a
metal
key
(3)________
(attach)
to
the
string.
When
a
flash
of
lightning
hit
the
kite,
Franklin
got
an
electric
shock
by
(4)________
(touch)
the
key.
For
many
years,
schools
(5)
___________(teach)
the
story
of
the
experiment
in
order
to
establish
the
(6)_____(true).
However,
new
research
suggests
that
the
story
may
be
fiction
instead
of
fact
because
scientists
all
agree
that
if
Franklin
(7)
___________(touch)
the
key
actually,
he
would
certainly
to
prove
a
attached
touching
have
taught
truth
had
touched
have
died
(8)
_____the
electric
shock.
Admittedly,
fiction
is
often
(9)_____
__________(interest)
than
the
truth.
But
in
science,
facts
should
be
proved
by
experiments
and
research,
and
(10)________
great
a
story
is,
we
should
not
always
believe
everything
we
read
or
hear.
?
from
more
interesting
however
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
Do
you
think
the
stories
about
some
great
scientists
are
true?(Critical
Thinking批判性思维)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
2.
What
will
you
learn
from
the
stories
about
the
great
scientists?(Creative
Thinking创造性思维)
______________________________________________________________?
I
think
some
parts
of
the
stories
are
true,
and
some
are
not,
because
they
don’t
follow
the
common
sense,
for
example,
Franklin
touching
lightning.
?
I
will
learn
the
scientists’
spirit
of
scientific
exploration
from
the
stories.
要点精研·探究学习
1
.
beyond
prep.
无法……;
超过,
越过;
晚于,
迟于;
在另一边;
除……之外
Within
the
next
80
years,
our
lives
may
be
changed
beyond
recognition
by
3D
printing.
在接下来的80年里,
我们的生活可能被3D打印完全改变模样。
(2019·天津高考)
I’ve
never
exchanged
words
with
those
moms
beyond
small
talk,
but
they
wanted
to
help.
除了闲聊外我和那些妈妈们没有交流过,
但是她们想要帮忙。
Erin
had
done
beyond
what
almost
anyone
would
have
done,
finding
my
house
on
a
bitterly
cold
night.
Erin所做的已经超出了几乎任何人会做的范围,
在一个刺骨寒冷的夜晚找到我家。
The
situation
is
beyond
our
control.
我们已经无法控制这一局面。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)写出下列句子中beyond的含义
①Our
success
was
far
beyond
what
we
thought
possible.
(
)
②On
his
right
was
a
thriving
vegetable
garden
and
beyond
it
is
a
small
orchard
of
apple
trees.
(
)
③He
did
something
that
I
thought
was
beyond
me.
(
)
超出,
超过
在……另一边
远不及,
非某人所能理解
(2)The
town
has
changed
_________________.
?
小镇已经变得认不出来了。
(3)The
bicycle
was
_____________.
?
自行车已损坏得无法修理。
beyond
recognition
beyond
repair
2.
cure
n.
药剂;
疗法
vt.
治好(疾病);
治愈
Currently,
there’s
no
cure
for
Alzheimer’s,
but
scientists
are
researching
ways
to
improve
the
quality
of
life
for
people
living
with
the
disease.
目前还没有治愈阿尔茨海默病的方法,
但是科学家们正在研究提高患有这种疾病的人的生活质量的方法。
The
best
cure
for
boredom
is
hard
work.
治愈无聊的最好办法就是努力工作。
The
doctor
cured
many
patients
in
hospital
of
their
illness
at
last,
and
they
were
very
thankful
to
him.
最后这位医生治好了医院里的很多病人的病,
他们对他非常感激。
【导图理词】
【易混辨析】
cure
主要指治愈疾病
treat
普通用词,
指接受并诊治病人
heal
侧重指治愈伤口、伤痛等
【知识延伸】
和cure
sb.
of
用法类似的还有
inform
sb.
of
sth.
告知某人某事
suspect
sb.
of
doing
sth.
怀疑某人做某事
warn
sb.
of
sth.
警告某人某事
remind
sb.
of
sth.
提醒某人某事
convince
sb.
of
sth.
使某人相信某事
rob
sb.
of
sth.
抢劫某人某物
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
scientists
will
find
a
cure
___cancer
sooner
or
later.
②She
tried
every
means
to
cure
her
child
__the
bad
habit.
(2)With
the
help
of
my
parents
and
teachers,
I
______________________and
made
progress
in
my
study.
?
在父母和老师的帮助下,
我改正了一些缺点,
在学习上取得了进步。
for
of
cured
some
shortcomings
【补偿训练】
选词填空(treat/cure)
The
dentist
_______my
teeth,
but
he
didn’t
____them.
treated
cure
3.
attach
v.
系,
绑;
贴;
连接;
使附属;
使隶属
They’ve
attached
a
number
of
conditions
to
the
agreement.
他们在协议上附加了一些条件。
It’s
said
that
his
brother
works
in
the
hospital
attached
to
Shandong
University.
听说他哥哥在山东大学附属医院工作。
The
old
man
is
very
attached
to
old
customs
and
habits.
这个老人非常依恋旧的风俗习惯。
I
attach
great
importance
to
English
study
outside
the
classroom
and
I
often
turn
to
the
website
for
help,
where
I
read
a
great
number
of
articles
about
English
and
Western
culture.
我非常重视课堂以外的英语学习,
经常求助网站,
在网站上阅读大量的关于英语和西方文化的文章。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①You
are
required
to
attach
an
introduction
__your
innovation
so
that
others
can
know
how
to
use
it.
②One
day,
when
I
opened
my
book,
I
found
a
beautiful
card
________(attach)
to
the
first
page,
giving
me
best
wishes.
③We
should
attach
importance
to
_________(improve)
researchers’
salary
and
treatment.
④Please
find
my
application
letter
and
resume
in
the
__________(attach).
to
attached
improving
attachment
(2)
Just
as
this
sentence
reveals,
many
of
us
teenagers
________________
_______________________________________.
?
正如这句话所揭示的那样,
我们青少年中的许多人对我们手机的重视程度超过
了我们的朋友。
attach
much
more
importance
to
our
phones
than
to
our
friends
【补偿训练】句式改写
He
is
so
attached
to
the
network
games
that
he
often
plays
truant(逃课).
①___________________________,
he
often
plays
truant.
(用过去分词短语作状
语改写)?
②__________________________________________,
he
often
plays
truant.
(用
现在分词短语作状语改写)?
③So
attached
to
the
network
games
____that
he
often
plays
truant.
(改为倒装
句)?
Attached
to
the
network
games
Attaching
himself
to
the
network
games
so
much
is
he
4.
account
n.
记述;
描述;
报道;
账户
v.
说明;
解释
She
gave
an
accurate
account
of
the
case.
她对这次事件做了准确的描述。
(2019·天津高考)The
professor
warned
the
students
that
on
no
account
should
they
use
mobile
phones
in
his
class.
这位教授警告学生们,
在他的课堂上,
决不应该使用手机。
At
first
he
hesitated
on
account
of
the
expense.
起初因为费用问题,
他有点犹豫。
It
is
said
that
body
language
accounts
for
55
per
cent
of
a
first
impression
while
what
you
say
just
7
per
cent.
据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%,
而你说的话只占7%。
【导图理词】
【名师点津】
on
no
account是表示否定意义的短语,
放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装,
有类似用法的还有:
by
no
means,
in
no
way,
in
no
case,
on
no
condition,
under
no
circumstances,
at
no
time等。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①You’d
better
take
____account
your
own
strengths
and
weaknesses
before
choosing
a
major.
②The
witness
gave
us
___account
of
what
happened
briefly.
③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)According
to
the
World
Bank,
China
accounts
___about
30
percent
of
total
global
fertilizer
consumption.
(2)He
has
a
bad
name
____________his
dishonesty.
?
他因不诚实而声名狼藉。
into
an
for
on
account
of
(3)
We
should
on
no
account
give
up
the
plan.
(改为倒装句)
On
no
account
________________the
plan.
?
(4)In
developing
a
design,
we
must
take
account
of
many
factors.
(同义句改写)
In
developing
a
design,
we
must
____many
factors
_______________________.
?
should
we
give
up
take
into
account/consideration
5.
However,
neither
the
story
nor
the
details
of
the
experiment
are
entirely
true.
然而,
这个故事和这个实验的细节都不完全是真的。
【句式解构】
(1)本句是简单句,
句中neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
结构连接并列主语,
主谓一致适用于“就近原则”。
(2)neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
结构也可连接其他句子成分,
表示对两者的全部否定,
意为“既不……也不……”。
Without
motivation,
you
can
neither
set
a
goal
nor
reach
it.
没有动力,
你既不会设定目标,
更不会达到目标。
(2019·北京高考)Not
only
are
the
quantities
of
phytoplankton
in
the
ocean
changing
but
the
type
of
phytoplankton
is
changing.
不仅海洋中浮游植物的数量在变,
浮游植物的类型也在改变。
【名师点津】
主谓一致的“就近原则”
这一原则是指谓语动词的人称和数与最近作主语的词语保持一致,
常出现在这类句子中的连词有:
or,
either.
.
.
or.
.
.
,
neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
,
not
only.
.
.
but
also.
.
.
及there
be句型中。
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)Neither
he
nor
I
was
________(punish)by
our
teacher.
(2)Not
only
he
but
also
all
his
family
___(be)
fond
of
music.
(3)Love
__(be)
not
getting
but
giving.
(4)Nobody
except
you
________(deserve)
the
honor.
punished
are
is
deserves
【要点拾遗】
1.
injure
v.
使受伤,
弄伤
And
it
is
not
just
humans
who
are
benefiting—in
Brazil,
people
have
given
a
new
3D-printed
shell
to
a
turtle
injured
in
a
forest
fire!
而且不仅仅是人类受益——在巴西,
人们给了一只在森林大火中受伤的乌龟一个新的3D打印的壳!
(2019·天津高考)
A
war
injury
has
made
his
left
hand
stop
functioning,
and
he
has
often
been
in
prison.
一次战争使他的左手失去了知觉,
而且他经常入狱。
Luckily,
the
injured
were
sent
to
the
nearest
hospital
in
time.
幸运的是,
所有的伤员都被及时送往最近的医院。
【导图理词】
【巧学助记】
【易混辨析】
injure
表示身体或精神上各种性质及任何程度的伤害,
多表示意外受伤
hurt
多用来表示伤害身体或某一部位,
或表示剧烈的疼痛或精神上受到伤害
harm
表示人的心理、健康、权力或事业上的损害,
程度较轻
wound
主要指在战斗中武器或凶器等造成的外伤或剧烈的痛苦
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①They
are
required
to
process
the
food
that
we
eat,
to
recover
from
______
(injure)
and
for
several
other
bodily
functions.
②These
chemicals
come
from
the
_______(injure)
parts
of
the
plant
and
seem
to
be
an
alarm.
③The
young
woman
entered
the
pool
where
an
_______(injure)
dolphin
was
swimming.
④She
_______(injure)
herself
while
skating
last
week.
⑤A
bottle
of
acid
flew
into
the
streets,
________(injure)
24
people.
injury
injured
injured
injured
injuring
(2)选词填空(hurt,
injure,
harm,
wound)
①I’m
sorry,
I
____your
feeling,
but
I
didn’t
mean
to.
?
②As
we
all
know,
smoking
does
great
_____to
our
health.
③Don’t
lift
the
tool
box—you’ll
do
an
______to
yourself.
④Zhang
Guofu
covered
his
_______,
hid
his
military
medals
and
lived
a
normal
life.
hurt
harm
injury
wounds
2.
origin
n.
起源;
起因
British
biologist
Charles
Darwin
(1809-1882)
is
best
known
for
his
work
On
the
Origin
of
Species,
in
which
he
explains
changes
in
species
due
to
natural
selection.
英国生物学家查尔斯·达尔文(1809-1882)因他的著作《物种起源》而出名,
在书中他解释了自然选择导致物种变化。
Many
words
in
English
language
are
French
in
origin.
英语中的许多词源于法语。
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)
Many
buildings
on
the
campus
are
his
original
creations.
校园里的许多建筑都是他的原创。
We
originally
intended
to
stay
for
just
a
few
days.
我们起初只打算待几天。
The
disease
is
thought
to
have
originated
in
Africa.
这种疾病据说起源于非洲。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The
room
still
has
many
of
its
_______(origin)
features.
②The
particular
custom
has
its
______(origin)
in
Wales.
③_________(original),
he
followed
his
father’s
advice
to
major
in
business,
but
later
he
quitted
and
did
what
he
liked—being
a
history
teacher.
(2)Facts
_____________society,
composed
of
men
and
women,
and
we
should
therefore
look
for
answers
on
a
society-wide
basis.
?
事实来自社会,
来自男人和女人组成的社会,
因此我们应该在全社会的基础上
寻求答案。
original
origins
Originally
originate
from
(3)Opinions
vary
as
to
_______________.
?
关于人类的起源人们众说纷纭。
the
origin
of
man
3.
declaration
n.
声明,
宣告
Benjamin
Franklin
(1706-1790)
was
one
of
the
Founding
Father
of
the
United
States
and
helped
draft
the
Declaration
of
Independence.
本杰明·富兰克林(1706-1790)是美国的开国元勋之一,
他帮助起草了《独立宣言》。
The
declaration
was
published
in
August
1687.
这份宣言是1687年8月公布的。
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking
up
her
“Lifetime
Achievement”
award,
proud
Irene
declared
she
had
no
plans
to
retire
from
her
36-year-old
business.
在领回“终身成就奖”后,
自豪的艾琳宣布,
她没有打算从从事了36年的事业中退休。
Our
government
declared
that
China
will
not
be
the
first
to
use
nuclear
weapons.
我们政府宣布,
中国永远不会是第一个使用核武器的国家。
China
formally
declared
war
on
Japan
in
December,
1941.
中国在1941年12月正式对日宣战。
【导图理词】
【熟词生义】
All
income
must
be
declared.
必须申报所有的收入。
(
)
申报
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①When
they
asked
him
for
his
opinion,
he
declared
strongly
_______the
policy,
which
made
them
unhappy.
②The
judges
had
different
ideas
about
the
results
,
so
it
was
two
hours
before
the
results
____________(declare).
?
③He
wrote
a
letter
to
the
girl,
making
a
__________(declare)
of
love.
(2)Our
government
is
making
every
effort
to
___________on
poverty.
?
我国政府尽一切努力向贫穷宣战。
against
were
declared
declaration
declare
war
4.
conduct
v.
传导(热、电)
A
flash
of
lightning
hit
the
kite,
and
electricity
was
conducted
through
the
string
to
the
key.
一道闪电击中了风筝,
电流通过绳子传到钥匙上。
Just
last
year,
I
was
conducting
a
workshop
when
someone
knocked
at
the
classroom
door.
去年,
我正在教室组织研讨会,
这时有人敲教室的门。
The
guide
conducted
us
around
the
ruins
of
the
ancient
city.
导游引导我们游览了古城废墟。
Who
is
conducting
the
orchestra
tonight?
谁指挥今晚的管弦乐队呢?
【导图理词】
【熟词生义】
He
conducted
himself
far
better
than
expected.
他表现得比预想中要好的多。
(
)
表现
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Last
month,
a
new
weapon
test
_____________(conduct)
successfully.
?
②(2020·全国Ⅰ卷
)A
study
_________(conduct)
in
Youngstown,
Ohio,
for
example,
discovered
that
greener
areas
of
the
city
experienced
less
crime.
③______the
conduct
of
his
teacher,
the
naughty
boy
is
not
what
he
used
to.
④The
kind
of
metal
is
a
good
_________(conduct)
of
heat.
was
conducted
conducted
Under
conductor
(2)说出下列句子中conduct的含义
①Water
conducts
heat
faster
than
air.
(
)
②Actors
may
hire
agents
to
conduct
their
affairs.
(
)
③Your
conduct
is
not
consistent
with
what
you
say.
(
)
④Our
school
has
specially
set
aside
a
laboratory
for
him
to
conduct
experiments.
(
)
传导
管理
品行,
行为
组织并实施
5.
Franklin,
along
with
many
other
scientists,
has
inspired
us
and
taught
us
that
scientific
experiments
are
important
in
order
to
establish
the
truth
and
to
contribute
towards
later
scientific
discoveries
and
inventions.
富兰克林和其他许多科学家激励我们、教导我们,
科学实验对于确定真相和为以后的科学发现和发明作出贡献是重要的。?
【句式解构】
本句是主从复合句,
其中that引导宾语从句。has
inspired和taught是主句的并列谓语。
(2019·江苏高考)The
musician
along
with
his
band
members
has
given
ten
performances
in
the
last
three
months.
在过去的三个月里,
这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。
We
learn
a
language
in
order
to
communicate.
我们学习一种语言是为了交流。
【名师点津】
(1)主谓一致的“就前原则”:
由as
well
as,
with,
along
with,
like,
together
with,
rather
than,
except,
but,
including,
besides,
in
addition
to等引起的结构跟前面的主语保持一致。
(2)动词不定式作目的状语:
①不定式作目的状语可使用以下形式:
to
do,
only
to
do,
in
order
to
do,
so
as
to
do,
so/
such.
.
.
as
to
do。
②不定式用作目的状语有两个可能的位置,
一是在句首,
二是在句末。一般说来,
用于句首属于强调性用法,
即强调动词的目的。有时为了特别强调目的状语,
可以在不定式之前加上in
order或so
as,
即构成in
order
to
do
sth.
和so
as
to
do
sth.
结构,
但so
as
to
do不能用于句首。
(3)不定式作目的状语可以置于句首,
并且当需要强调时,
通常会置于句首。但位于句首的不定式不一定是目的状语。
To
cooperate
with
others
is
important.
(作主语)
同他人合作很重要。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Everybody
except
you
_____(look)
down
upon
me.
②You
rather
than
I
___(be)
going
to
go
camping.
(2)(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
She
makes
specific
plans
for
us
___________________all
of
us
are
in
good
health.
?
为了确保我们所有人健康,
她给我们制订了专门的计划。
(3)(2019·江苏高考)More
wind
power
stations
will
spring
up
_________________
for
clean
energy.
?
为了满足对清洁能源的需求,
更多的风力发电站将会涌现。
looks
are
in
order
to
make
sure
to
meet
the
demand
6.
But
scientists
all
agree
that
if
Franklin
had
actually
touched
the
key,
he
would
certainly
have
died
from
the
electric
shock.
但是科学家们一致认为如果富兰克林确实接触过钥匙的话,
他肯定就死于电击了。?
【句式解构】
(1)本句是主从复合句。其中that.
.
.
the
electric
shock是that引导的宾语从句;
该从句也是主从复合句,
其中if
Franklin.
.
.
the
key是条件状语从句,
该从句及其主句he
would
certainly
have
died
from
the
electric
shock都使用了虚拟语气。
(2)die
from是固定短语,
意为“死于”。
If
my
brother
were
here,
everything
would
be
all
right.
要是我哥哥在这儿,
一切都没问题了。(与现在事实相反)
If
I
had
enough
money,
I
would
take
the
beautiful
dress
for
my
daughter.
如果我的钱足够的话,
我就会为女儿买下这件漂亮的礼服。(与现在事实相反)
If
he
should
come
here
tomorrow,
I
would
talk
to
him.
如果他明天来这儿的话,
我就跟他谈谈。(与将来事实相反)
If
I
had
read
the
book,
I
would
have
told
you
about
it.
我如果读过那本书,
我就能告诉你关于这本书的情况了。(与过去事实相反)
If
it
should
rain/were
to
rain/rained
tomorrow,
we
would
have
to
put
off
the
sports
meeting.
如果明天下雨的话,
我们就得推迟运动会。(与将来事实相反)
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法:
情况
从句谓语动词
主句谓语动词
与现在事实相反
一般过去时(be动词用were)
would/should/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反
过去完成时
would/should/could/might+have+过去分词
与将来事实相反
一般过去时(be用were)/should+动词原形/were
to+动词原形
would/should/could/might+动词原形
【名师点津】
1.
在虚拟语气中be动词通常用were;
2.
有时可以把if从句中的if省略,
然后把should/
were/had提前。
If
you
had
taken
my
advice,
you
wouldn’t
have
made
such
a
mistake.
=Had
you
taken
my
advice,
you
wouldn’t
have
made
such
a
mistake.
如果你听取了我的建议,
你就不会犯这样的错误了。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①If
we
__________(drive)
in
turn,
you
wouldn’t
have
got
so
tired.
?
②If
there
_____no
air
or
water,
there
________no
living
things
on
the
earth.
?
③If
it
______________________________(snow)
tomorrow,
we
would
take
photos.
?
(2)Hadn’t
she
___________________first
aid,
the
boy
would
have
lost
his
life.
?
如果她不懂急救知识的话,
小男孩就没命了。
(3)Things
would
have
played
out
so
differently
if
I
___________________the
beggar.
?
如果我拒绝那个乞丐的话,
事情的结局会截然不同。
had
driven
were
would
be
were
to
snow/should
snow/snowed
had
the
knowledge
of
had
simply
said
no
to
7.
In
fact,
more
than
one
account
suggests
that
while
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple,
there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head.
事实上,
不止一个记载表明,
尽管牛顿肯定是受到一个落下的苹果的启发,
但没有证据表明苹果打中了他的头部。?
【句式解构】
(1)本句是主从复合句。其中that
while
Newton.
.
.
on
the
head是that引导的宾语从句;
该从句也是主从复合句,
其中while
Newton.
.
.
a
falling
apple是while引导的让步状语从句。
(2)there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head
中that引导的是同位语从句。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It
clearly
showed
that
while
likability
can
lead
to
healthy
adjustment,
high
status
has
just
the
opposite
effect
on
us.
这清楚地表明,
尽管讨人喜欢可以带动健康的调整,
但高地位却对我们产生相反的影响。
(2019·天津高考)My
husband
answered
it
while
I
was
on
the
phone
in
the
dining
room.
我在餐厅里接电话时,
我丈夫回应它。
【知识延伸】
(1)while作连词的用法:
①引导让步状语从句,
意思是“虽然,
尽管”,
只能用于句首。
②引导时间状语从句,
表示“在……(过程)中,
在……期间”。
③连接并列句,
表示对比关系时,
意思是“而,
然而”。
(2)同位语从句的用法:
①可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,
idea,
fact,
promise,
question,
doubt,
thought,
hope,
message,
suggestion,
words(消息),
possibility,
decision等。
②引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that,
whether;
连接代词有what,
who;
连接副词how,
when,
where等。
I
have
no
idea
why
he
resigned.
我不知道他为什么辞职。
Please
give
him
a
message
that
I
won’t
call
on
him
tomorrow.
请给他传个话儿,
就说我明天不去找他了。
He
must
answer
the
question
whether
he
agrees
with
it
or
not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
【易混辨析】
that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别
类 别
功 能
引导词that的作用
同位语从句
对前面的名词进行解释说明,
是名词的内容的体现
只起连接作用,
不作成分,
但一般不能省略
定语从句
对前面的名词进行修饰或限定
既替代先行词,
又在从句中充当主语或宾语
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①We
share
the
same
belief
____if
you
are
fortunate
enough
to
have
success,
you
should
put
something
back.
②I
have
no
idea
____he
beat
such
a
strong
rival.
that
how
(2)指出下列句中while的含义和作用
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While
the
sun’s
rays
can
age
and
harm
our
skin,
they
also
give
us
beneficial
Vitamin
D.
(
)
②(2019·浙江高考)Berlin
has
been
the
easiest
while
the
most
difficult
was
the
Czech
town
of
Pilsen.
(
)
③Strike
while
the
iron
is
hot.
(
)
“尽管,
虽然”,
引导让步状语从句
“然而”,
连接并列句
“趁着”,
引导时间状语从句
(3)判断下列句子中的画线部分是同位语从句还是定语从句
①The
suggestion
that
the
meeting
be
postponed
was
put
forward.
(
)?
②The
suggestion
that
he
put
forward
at
the
meeting
yesterday
was
turned
down.
(
)?
③The
news
that
I
have
passed
the
exam
is
true.
(
)
?
④The
news
that
he
told
me
just
now
is
true.
(
)?
同位语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
读写结合·表达升级
如何写科学实验报告
【文体感知】
Task
1 构架宏观建构:
整体理解?
1.
This
passage
tells
us
______________________________when
it
is
put
on
top
of
the
bottle,
from
which
hot
water
is
poured
out.
?
2.
Pay
attention
to
the
materials
and
procedure.
what
will
happen
to
the
boiled
egg
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
特色表达?
Magic
bottle
Materials
a
boiled
egg,
a
glass
bottle,
hot
water
Procedure
remove
the
shell
of
the
egg,
pour
hot
water
into
the
bottle,
shake,
pour
out
hot
water,
put
the
egg
on
top
of
the
bottle
Conclusion
the
egg
will
drop
into
the
bottle
【实践应用】
【模板构建】
(第一部分)The
experiment
is
designed
to
find
out
what
will
happen.
.
.
(实验目的)
(第二部分)I
prepared
a
boiled
egg,
a
glass
bottle
and
hot
water
to
do
the
experiment.
(实验器材)
First,
remove
the
shell
of
the
egg.
Then
carefully.
.
.
later.
.
.
After
that,
.
.
.
at
last,
(实验步骤,
注意表示动作先后顺序的连词)
(第三部分)
After
the
experiment,
we
can
draw
the
conclusion
that.
.
.
(实验结论)
【典题仿写】
假如你是李华,
请根据以下提示写一篇实验报告。
实验目的:
观察水的沸腾。
实验方法:
1.
在烧杯中放入适量的水;
2.
把温度计放到水中;
3.
点燃酒精灯,
仔细观察温度计和水的变化。
实验结果:
1.
水温在60℃以下时,
随着水温不断升高,
杯底气泡(bubble)越来越多,
有少量气泡上升;
2.
水温在60℃～90℃之间时,
杯底气泡逐渐减少,
气泡上升逐渐加快;
3.
水温达到100℃时,
气泡上升越来越快,
温度不再变化。
实验结论:
水在100℃时开始沸腾。
参考词汇:
烧杯beaker;
温度计thermometer;
酒精灯(alcohol
burner)
注意:
1.
词数80个左右;
2.
可适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯。
遣词造句
·完成句子
1.
This
experiment
___________________the
temperature
when
water
boils
and
what
happens
in
water
during
boiling.
?
该实验的目的是观察水沸腾时的温度及发生的变化。
2.
_________________________,
I
prepared
the
following
equipment:
water,
a
thermometer,
a
beaker
and
an
alcohol
burner.
为了做实验,
我准备了以下器材:
水、一个温度计、一个烧杯和一盏酒精灯。?
is
designed
to
observe
To
carry
out
the
experiment
3.
Now
you
can
see
that
______________________________________________,
plenty
of
bubbles
form
on
the
water
surface.
?
现在你能够看到,
当温度达到100
℃时,
大量的气泡会在水面形成。
4.
After
the
experiment,
I
can
draw
a
conclusion:
water
starts
boiling
at
100
degrees
centigrade
_________________________________________.
实验后,
我
可以得出结论:
水在100℃时开始沸腾,
另外大量的气泡会在沸腾时出现。?
·句式升级
5.
用that引导的主语从句、with复合结构改写句3。
Now
________________plenty
of
bubbles
form
on
the
water
surface
_______
_______________________________________.
?
when
the
temperature
reaches
100
degrees
centigrade
with
plenty
of
bubbles
appearing
during
boiling
it
can
be
seen
that
with
the
temperature
reaching
100
degrees
centigrade
6.
用that引导的同位语从句、while引导的时间状语从句改写句4。
After
the
experiment,
I
can
draw
a
conclusion
_____________________at
100
degrees
centigrade
___________________________during
the
boiling.
?
that
water
starts
boiling
while
plenty
of
bubbles
appear
完美成篇
This
experiment
is
designed
to
observe
the
temperature
when
water
boils
and
what
happens
in
water
during
boiling.
To
carry
out
the
experiment,
I
prepared
the
following
equipment:
water,
a
thermometer,
a
beaker
and
an
alcohol
burner.
Procedure:
First,
half-fill
the
beaker
with
water.
Then
put
the
thermometer
in
it.
Finally,
light
the
alcohol
burner
and
heat
the
water,
and
observe
the
number
of
the
thermometer.
Now
it
can
be
seen
that
plenty
of
bubbles
form
on
the
water
surface
with
the
temperature
reaching
100
degrees
centigrade.
After
the
experiment,
I
can
draw
a
conclusion
that
water
starts
boiling
at
100
degrees
centigrade
while
plenty
of
bubbles
appear
during
the
boiling.
【话题拓展】
1.
话题特点
实验报告是把实验目的、方法、过程、结果等记录下来,
经过整理写成的书面汇总材料。实验报告要明确体现实验目的、步骤和结果,
对具体实验现象的描述要客观准确,
分析要全面具体,
语言要简洁质朴、通俗易懂。
2.
话题词汇
①do/carry
out/conduct
an
experiment
做实验
②aim
目的;
目标 ③material材料
④procedure步骤
⑤stage
阶段
⑥result
结果
⑦draw/come
to
a
conclusion
得出结论
3.
话题句式
(1)描写实验目的:
①.
.
.
carry
out
an
experiment
to
find
out.
.
.
②The
aim
of
the
experiment
is
to
find.
.
.
③.
.
.
with
the
purpose
of
discovering.
.
.
(2)描写实验用品:
①To
carry
out/make/do/perform
the
experiment,
you
need.
.
.
②The
following
things
are
needed.
.
.
③The
following
apparatuses
are
used.
.
.
(3)描写实验方法或过程:
①.
.
.
make
good
preparations
for.
.
.
②It
is
important
that.
.
.
③.
.
.
do
the
experiment
as
follows.
④firstly,
secondly,
thirdly,
finally;
first,
then,
next,
after
that,
two
hours’
later;
after
several
days
⑤find
a
better
way
of
doing.
.
.
⑥make
a
good
study
of.
.
.
(4)描写实验结论:
①From
this
experiment
we
can
conclude.
.
.
②.
.
.
draw/come
to
the
conclusion
that.
.
.
③We
can
learn
from
the
experiment
that.
.
.
④We
can
find
out
that.
.
.
⑤You
can
see/discover.
.
.
⑥In
conclusion.
.
.
