(共11张PPT)
Unit
3
The
world
of
science
科学探索是新普通高中英语课程标准中规定的话题之一,
是培养学生英语学科核心素养和科学素养的一个重要维度,
该话题属于“人与社会”的主题。
During
the
Song
Dynasty,
the
Chinese
people
further
developed
the
making
of
the
compass,
paper,
gunpowder,
and
the
art
of
printing.
Together,
they
are
called
the
four
great
inventions
that
China
contributed
to
the
world.
As
early
as
the
Warring
States
period,
the
magnetic
force
of
magnetite
was
discovered,
and
a
sort
of
instrument
was
made
of
magnetite
to
show
directions.
This
was
certainly
the
earliest
compass
in
the
world.
During
the
Han
Dynasty,
people
made
a
spoon-like
compass.
A
small
spoon,
made
of
magnetite,
with
a
very
smooth
bottom,
was
placed
on
a
square
copper
plate.
The
center
of
the
plate
was
ground
smooth
to
make
it
easy
for
the
spoon
to
move.
When
the
spoon,
after
it
was
turned,
came
to
a
stop,
its
handle
would
point
to
the
south.
This
form
of
compass
was
further
improved
during
the
Song
Dynasty.
People
made
iron
needles
and
rubbed
them
on
a
piece
of
magnetite,
so
that
they
would
become
magnetic.
Then
one
such
needle
was
hung
with
a
thin
thread,
or
put
on
something
light
that
floated
on
the
water
in
a
bowl.
The
latter
was
the
compass
that
was
first
used
in
navigation.
China
was
the
first
country
in
the
world
to
use
the
compass
on
sea-going
ships.
Historical
records
show
that
in
1099-1102
the
compass
was
used
on
ships
sailing
to
or
from
Guangzhou.
It
was
generally
believed
that
paper
was
first
made
by
a
man
called
Cai
Lun
in
105
during
the
Eastern
Han
Dynasty.
However,
in
recent
decades,
earlier
paper
made
during
the
Western
Han
Dynasty
was
unearthed
in
Xinjiang,
Shaanxi
and
Gansu.
So
it
is
reasonable
to
believe
that
paper
was
invented
in
the
Western
Han
and
was
improved
by
Cai
Lun
in
the
Eastern
Han.
In
later
periods,
different
materials
were
used
for
making
paper,
and
its
quality
became
better
and
better.
The
famous
Xuan
paper,
produced
in
Xuanzhou,
Anhui
Province,
first
appeared
in
the
Tang
Dynasty.
Its
quality
was
so
good
that
all
calligraphers
and
painters
liked
to
use
it.
Even
today
it
is
still
considered
the
best
kind
of
paper
for
calligraphy
and
traditional
Chinese
painting.
During
the
Song
Dynasty,
bamboo
began
to
be
used
for
making
paper,
and
the
output
of
bamboo
paper
increased
rapidly.
In
751,
during
the
reign
of
Tang
Xuanzong,
the
Chinese
technique
of
making
paper
was
introduced
to
the
Arab
world,
and
from
there
to
Europe
in
1150.
In
other
words,
Europe
knew
how
to
make
paper
about
a
thousand
years
later
than
China.
【素养贴心语】
中国古代最伟大的四大发明分别是指南针、造纸
术、火药、印刷术,
这四种发明对中国古代的政治、经
济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用,
而且这些发明
经各种途径传至西方,
对世界文明发展史也产生了很大
的影响。不必说夜晚喷泉璀璨的灯火,
也不必说街边林
立的高楼大厦,
高速铁路与生活中常见的共享单车以及
方便的网购和扫码支付,
也被人们津津乐道,
称它们为“现代四大发明”!
现在的科技变化已远远超过了人类历史上百万年的改变,
已差不多可以用“忽如一夜春风来,
千树万树梨花开”来形容了。我们要多去了解目前科技日新月异的发展,
进行科技探索和创新活动,
培养科技创新素养。(共87张PPT)
Unit
3
The
world
of
science
Period
4 Developing
ideas 阅读提能课
Ⅰ.
新词相知
写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1.
I
can
quote
you
several
instances
of
being
be
rude.
(
)
2.
He
brought
out
the
significant
aspects
of
the
problem.
(
)
例子
重要的
3.
Hundreds
of
people
were
injured
when
the
train
went
off
the
rails.
(
)
4.
We
have
every
reason
to
believe
it
to
be
accurate.
(
)
5.
He
has
accepted
the
minor
task
of
difficulty
in
those
two
tasks.
(
)
受伤
精确的
小的
Ⅱ.
短语熟记
选词填空
along
with,
in
order
to,
instead
of,
neither
of,
come
up
with,
even
if,
due
to
1.
__________the
going
of
year,
this
book
will
be
more
precious.
?
Along
with
2.
Accidents
______driving
at
high
speed
were
very
common
that
weekend.
?
3.
It
would
be
too
late,
______the
weather
cleared
up.
?
4.
It
took
months
to
____________an
acceptable
plan
for
the
banks.
?
5.
_________the
two
boys
has
passed
the
geography
examination.
?
due
to
even
if
come
up
with
Neither
of
6.
_________admitting
his
mistakes,
he
shifted
the
blame
onto
others.
?
7.
__________ensure
success
we
must
have
a
complete
and
thorough
plan.
?
Instead
of
In
order
to
Ⅲ.
课文浅触
阅读课文,
完成下列习题。
Answer
the
following
questions.
1.
What
did
Franklin’s
experiment
want
to
prove?
___________________________________________________?
2.
What
can
inspire
others
from
Franklin’s
experiment?
______________________________?
He
wanted
to
know
if
lightning
was
produced
by
electricity.
The
spirit
of
scientific
exploration.
1.
injure
vt.
使受伤,
弄伤
【观察?悟】
※This
rough
life
threatened
to
injure
his
health,
but
he
didn’t
mind.
这种艰苦生活看来要损害他的健康,
但他并不介意。
※He
harmed
his
eyes
by
reading
in
dim
light.
在昏暗的光线下读书伤害了他的眼睛。
※He
damaged
my
car
with
a
stone.
他用石头砸坏了我的汽车。
※The
bullet
wounded
his
arm.
子弹打伤了他的一只胳膊。
【知识延伸】“伤害”辨析
damage
表示损害了表面,
损害了人或物的某个部分或使之完全失掉用途;
harm
表示人的心理、健康、权力或事业上的损害,
程度较轻;
hurt
多用来表示伤害身体或某一部位,
或表示剧烈的疼痛或精神上受到伤害;
injure
表示身体或精神上各种性质及任何程度的伤害,
多表示意外受伤;
wound
主要指在战斗中武器造成的外伤或剧烈的痛苦。
【内化?用】
选词填空(harm,
injure,
damage,
wound,
hurt)
①Her
heart
was
slightly
________as
a
result
of
the
disease.
②They
had
their
hearing
_______by
the
loud
noise
of
machines.
③His
words
____my
feelings.
damaged
harmed
hurt
④Several
children
were
_______in
the
accident.
⑤He
got
________in
the
battle.
injured
wounded
2.
along
with
与……一道,
与……一起,
共同,
连同,
和;
作伴;
随着
;
(除……外)又……;
加之
【观察?悟】
※(2019·江苏高考)
The
musician
along
with
his
band
members
has
given
ten
performances
in
the
last
three
months.
在过去的三个月里,
这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。
※An
ambulance
was
racing
along
with
its
sirens
wailing.
救护车响着警报急驰而过。
※Along
with
that,
you
learned
some
basic
grammar
to
assemble
the
words
into
sentences.
随之你学会了一些造句的基础语法。
【生成?得】
along
with使用的是_____原则,
谓语动词与前面主语一
致。
就远
【知识延伸】
采取就远原则的短语有:
but,
except,
besides,
including,
like,
with,
as
well
as,
as
much
as,
no
less
than,
in
addition
to,
combined
with,
rather
than,
together
with等。
※Nobody
but
two
students
is
in
the
classroom.
除了这两个学生,
没有人在教室。
※John,
rather
than
his
roommates,
is
to
blame.
约翰,
而不是他的室友,
应该受到责备。
【内化?用】
语法填空
①My
father,
no
less
than
I,
__(be)a
baseball
fan.
②Everybody
except
you
__(be)down
on
me.
③Tobacco
is
taxed
in
most
countries,
_____
____
alcohol.
在多数国家,
烟草和酒都要征税。
is
is
along
with
④She
came
to
dinner
_____
____
___
_______.
她和朋友一道来用餐。
along
with
her
friends
3.
neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
既不……也不……
【观察?悟】
※She
likes
neither
butter
nor
cheese.
她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。
※He
neither
speaks
French,
nor
understands
it.
他既不会讲法语,
也听不懂法语。
※Neither
he
nor
you
are
to
blame.
既不要他负责也不要你负责。
【生成?得】
neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
主要用于否定_____,
其意为“既
不……也不……”,
用于连接两个_________的词或短
语。
当neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
连接两个主语时,
也应遵循“_____
原则”。
两者
性质相同
就近
【知识延伸】
连接两个并列成分,
遵循“就近原则”的词语还有:
either.
.
.
or.
.
.
,
not.
.
.
but.
.
.
,
whether.
.
.
or.
.
.
,
not
only.
.
.
but
also.
.
.
【内化?用】
语法填空
①Either
my
father
or
my
brothers
___(be)coming.
②Not
only
the
students
but
also
the
teacher
______(wish)
for
a
holiday.
③Neither
you
nor
I
___(be)a
stranger
here.
are
wishes
am
4.
But
scientists
all
agree
that
if
Franklin
had
actually
touched
the
key,
he
would
certainly
have
died
from
the
electric
shock.
但科学家们都同意,
如果富兰克林真的碰了钥匙,
他肯定会死于电击。?
【观察?悟】
该句是主从复合句,
主句为:
scientists
all
agree;
宾语从句为:
if
Franklin
had
actually
touched
the
key,
he
would
certainly
have
died
from
the
electric
shock,
从句是if引导的一个虚拟条件句。
※If
he
had
come
here
yesterday,
he
would
have
seen
his
old
friend.
假如他昨天来这儿的话,
就会看见他的老朋友。
※If
it
had
rained
yesterday,
we
would
have
stayed
at
home.
如果昨天下雨的话,
我们就会待在家里。
【生成?得】
表示与过去事实相反的假设,
句型构成:
从句为过去完
成时+主句为___________________________。?
should(would)
have+
过去分词
【知识延伸】
区分
条件从句
主句
与现在事
实相反
If+主语+过去式
(be多用were
)
主语+would/should/
could/might+动词原形
与过去事
实相反
If+主语+had+过
去分词
主语+would/should/
could/might+have+过
去分词
区分
条件从句
主句
与将来
事实相反
If+主语+过去式
(be多
用were)/should+动词
原形/were
to+动词原形
主语+would/
should/could/
might+动词原形
【内化?用】
①If
I
____
____
this
article
earlier,
I
______
___
_____
_____
this
kind
of
mistake.
如果我早读过这篇文章,
我就不会犯这样的错误了。
②If
I
_____
rich,
I
______
____a
big
house.
如果我有钱,
我将买一所大房子。
had
read
would
not
have
made
were
would
buy
③If
it
_____
__
rain
tomorrow,
the
match
______
___
___
___.
如果明天下雨,
比赛就会被推迟。
were
to
would
be
put
off
【备选要点】
1.
brilliant
adj.
聪颖的,
才华横溢的
【观察?悟】
※He
has
got
brilliant
achievements
in
the
field
of
physics.
他在物理学方面已经取得了卓越的成就。
※He
was
a
journalist,
a
brilliant
intellectual,
and
a
Jew.
他是记者,
有才能的知识分子,
犹太人。
※Brilliant
star
is
so
beautiful.
灿烂的星星真美呀。
※If
you
get
a
chance
to
see
the
show,
do
go.
It’s
brilliant.
如果你有机会去看那场演出,
一定要去,
它太棒了。
【生成?得】
【内化?用】
①The
novel
is
considered
__
________
_____.
这部小说被认为是杰出的佳作。
②The
tournament
added
__
________
_____
to
the
annals
of
world
table-tennis.
这次比赛给世界乒乓球史增添了光辉的一页。
③The
stars
seem
brilliant
on
clear
nights.
译:
_____________________
a
brilliant
work
a
brilliant
page
晴朗的夜晚群星闪耀。
2.
attach
v.
系,
绑;
贴
【观察?悟】
※He
attached
his
horse
to
a
tree.
他把马系在了树上。
※(2019·江苏高考)Emma
had
never
taken
herself
as
a
crane
and
become
deeply
attached
to
humans.
Emma没有将自己看作是一只鹤,
而是深深地依恋上了人类。
※The
research
unit
is
attached
to
the
university.
(话题典句)
这个研究单位隶属于那所大学。
※He
is
deeply
attached
to
the
old
camera.
他非常爱惜那个旧相机。
【生成?得】
attach.
.
.
__.
.
.
将……系在……上
=fasten.
.
.
to.
.
.
=tie.
.
.
to.
.
.
be
________to
爱慕,
依恋;
隶属于
to
attached
【内化?用】
完成句子
①Please
______
these
labels
__your
hand
luggages.
请把这些标签系在您的手提行李上。
②China
will
not
______
_____
__
any
big
power.
中国不依附任何大国。
attach
to
attach
itself
to
③He
hopefully
waited
for
the
advantages
which
would
______
__
______.
他满怀希望地期待伴随财富而来的好处。
attach
to
wealth
3.
come
up
with
提出,
想到;
赶上
同义词组:
think
of
【观察?悟】
※She
came
up
with
a
new
suggestion
to
solve
the
problem
as
well.
她也提出了一种解决这个问题的新建议。
※We
have
to
come
up
with
the
practical
measures
to
prevent
the
air
pollution.
我们必须找到防止空气污染的切实可行的办法。
※I
had
to
run
to
come
up
with
him.
我得跑才能赶上他。
※The
snowdrops
are
just
beginning
to
come
up.
雪花莲刚刚开始长出地面。
【生成?得】
come
up:
__________,
(表示被提出)它的主语是_____。
come
up
with:
想出,
提出,
它的主语是___。
发生,
出现
事物
人
【内化?用】
①It’s
wonderful
for
you
to
_____
___
____
such
a
good
idea.
你能想出这么一个好主意真是太棒了!
②We
watched
the
sun
_____
___.
我们观看了日出。
come
up
with
come
up
③The
scientists
are
beating
their
brains
trying
to
come
up
with
a
solution
to
the
problem.
译:
______________________________________________
科学家正绞尽脑汁,
力求找到解决这个问题的办法。
4.
In
fact,
more
than
one
account
suggests
that
while
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple,
there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head.
?
事实上,
不止一种说法表明,
虽然牛顿确实是受到了一个苹果坠落的启发,
但没有证据表明它击中了牛顿的头部。
【观察?悟】
该句是主从复合句,
主句:
more
than
one
account
suggests;
宾语从句:
while
Newton
was
certainly
inspired
by
a
falling
apple,
there
is
no
proof
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head;
从句中while引导让步状语从句,
that
it
hit
him
on
the
head是同位语从句。
※While
I
admit
his
good
points,
I
can
see
his
shortcomings.
尽管我承认他的优点,
我还看到他的缺点。
※There
is
no
proof
that
genes
actually
affect
intelligence.
没有证据证明基因确实影响智力。
【生成?得】
(1)while除了引导时间状语从句,
还可以引导_____状语
从句,
意为“__________”。
(2)同位语从句中的that_______省略。
让步
尽管;
虽然
不可以
【内化?用】
①______
___
_____
__
_______,
it
is
interesting.
尽管工作有难度,
但是很有趣。
②So
far
_____
__
___
_____
____
spaceships
from
other
planets
do
exist.
至今还没有证据证明,
确实有从其他行星来的宇宙飞
船。
While
the
work
is
difficult
there
is
no
proof
that
5.
People
have
been
more
inspired
by
Franklin’s
spirit
of
scientific
exploration
than
by
the
facts
themselves.
富兰克林的科学探索精神比事实本身更能激励人们。
【观察?悟】
句中用more.
.
.
than.
.
.
结构作前后比较。
※You
get
more
tired
when
you
lift
a
heavy
load
than
a
light
one.
挑重的东西比挑轻的东西累人。
※I
have
collected
more
than
3
hundred
stamps
so
far.
到目前为止,
我已收集了300多张邮票。
※She
is
more
than
a
teacher
to
us.
She
is
our
friend.
对我们而言,
她不只是教师,
还是我们的朋友。
※You
have
already
repaid
me
more
than
I
have
helped
you.
你回报我的已大大超过我对你的帮助。
※The
hurt
and
pain
were
more
than
he
could
stand.
他无法承受那些伤害和痛苦。
【生成?得】
(1)more.
.
.
than.
.
.
中more是much或many的_______,
修饰形容词、副词、介词、动词或名词,
相当于
greater,
in
a
greater
degree,
表示“_________”。
(2)more
than
后跟名词或动名词,
相当于over,
not
just,
not
only,
表示“_________________”等。
比较级
比……更
不只是、不仅仅是
(3)more
than
后跟数词,
相当于over,
翻译成“_________”等,
强调某物数量上超出某一范围。
(4)more
than后跟动词、形容词、副词、或介词,
相当于very,
much,
not
only,
especially,
表示“_____________________”等。
(5)more
than后跟_____,
相当于not
only,
over等,
表示“不仅
仅是、超过、难以,
简直不能……”等,
从句中常用can或
could。
多、超过
不仅、十分、非常、很
从句
【内化?用】
①The
emperor
cares
_____
___
____
______
____
for
anything
else.
皇帝喜欢新衣服胜过其他任何东西。
②_____
____
____
_____
has
been
translated
into
foreign
languages.
不止一本书被译成了外语版本。
more
for
new
clothes
than
More
than
one
book
③The
teacher
was
_____
____
_______
____
what
you’ve
said.
老师对你的回答非常满意。
④How
he
manages
to
live
is
_____
____
_
____
___.
他是如何生活的,
我猜不透。
more
than
pleased
with
more
than
I
can
tell
写一个实验报告(Writing
an
experiment
report)
【写作指导】
话题阐释
实验报告是学生日常学习和考试经常碰到的话题之一。
文体概述
实验报告是对某实验的目的、步骤、现象、结论等进行论述的报告。
框架构建
Aim:
To
find
out
______(实验目的)?
Apparatus:
______
(实验用品)?
Here
are
the
steps
of
the
experiment.
Steps:
(实验步骤)
1.
Put
______in/on
______.
?
2.
Put
______filled
with
______and
then
put
______
into
______.
?
3.
Observe
______when
______,
and
make
a
note
of
it.
?
4.
Observe
______in/on
______while
______.
?
【典题示例】
请根据下面的内容提示,
用英语写一篇物理实验报告。
实验目的:
证明冰融化过程中温度不变
实验用品:
冰块,
大小烧杯,
温度计,
热水
实验步骤:
1.
在一个大烧杯中倒入热水;
2.
把装有冰块的小烧杯置入热水中,
在冰块中插入温度计;
3.
观察冰块的温度变化,
注意冰融化开始时的温度;
4.
观察冰融化过程中的温度变化。
实验结果:
冰全部融化为水的过程中温度不变。
实验结论:
冰在零摄氏度时才开始融化,
融化过程中温度不变。
注意:
1.
词数:
100左右;
2.
可适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:
烧杯beaker;
温度计thermometer;
观察observe
Step
1 谋篇立意
体裁:
应用文
要点提示
时态:
一般现在时
实验项目:
Temperature
changes
while
ice
is
melting
into
water
实验准备:
Apparatus(用品)
实验方法:
Method
人称:
第一人称
Step
2 语言支架
1.
了解冰融化成水时温度是否变化。
①find
___ 找到,
发现
②melt
into
_______
③用whether引导的从句作_____
out
融化成
宾语
翻译句子:
_______________________________________________
___________________?
To
find
out
whether
the
temperature
changes
while
ice
is
melting
into
water.
2.
在一个大烧杯里放些热水。将盛满冰块的小烧杯放
入热水中,
然后将温度计放入冰块中。
①__a
big
beaker 在大烧杯里
②be
filled
with
_____
③__________
把……放入
in
盛满
put.
.
.
into
④补全句子
Put
some
hot
water
in
a
big
beaker.
Put
a
small
beaker
_________ice
into
the
hot
water
and
then
___a
thermometer
____the
ice.
?
filled
with
put
into
3.
当冰开始融化时,
观察冰的温度,
并做好记录。观察冰融化
时的温度变化。
①_______the
ice
temperature
观察冰的温度
②make
______of
做记录?
③用when和while引导的状语从句完成句子
Observe
the
ice
temperature
_______________________,
and
_____________it.
Observe
the
changes
__________
________________it’s
melting.
?
observe
a
note
when
the
ice
begins
to
melt
make
a
note
of
in
the
ice’s
temperature
while
4.
所有的冰都已融化成水,
温度保持不变。
①_______the
same 保持不变
②________water
融化成水?
③连词成句:
All
ice
______________water
and
the
temperature
remains
the
same.
?
remain
melt
into
has
melted
into
5.
冰在零摄氏度开始融化,
温度不会改变直到全部融
化。
①_______do 开始做?
②用not.
.
.
until.
.
.
补全句子
Ice
____________when
it
is
0℃
and
the
temperature
__________________it
melts
completely.
?
begin
to
begins
to
melt
doesn’t
change
until
Step
3 润色组篇
Aim:
To
find
out
whether
the
temperature
changes
while
ice
is
melting
into
water.
Apparatus:
ice,
hot
water,
big
beaker,
small
beaker,
thermometer
Steps:
1.
Put
some
hot
water
in
a
big
beaker.
2.
Put
a
small
beaker
filled
with
ice
into
the
hot
water
and
then
put
a
thermometer
into
the
ice.
3.
Observe
the
ice
temperature
when
the
ice
begins
to
melt,
and
make
a
note
of
it.
4.
Observe
the
changes
in
the
ice’s
temperature
while
it’s
melting.
Result:
All
ice
has
melted
into
water
and
the
temperature
remains
the
same.
Conclusion:
Ice
begins
to
melt
when
it
is
0℃
and
the
temperature
doesn’t
change
until
it
melts
completely.
【善积累?获新知】
★话题词汇识记
1.
gunpowder
火药
2.
papermaking
造纸术
3.
printing
印刷术
4.
compass
指南针
5.
invent
发明
6.
virtual
虚拟的
7.
wearable
可穿戴的
8.
flexible
易弯曲的
9.
research
研究
10.
experiment
试验
11.
smartphone
智能手机
12.
conduct
传导(电)
13.
scientific
科学的
14.
science
and
technology
科学技术
15.
3D
printers
3D打印机
16.
new
energy
vehicles
新能源汽车
17.
Artificial
Intelligence
(AI)
人工智能
18.
Unmanned
Aerial
Vehicle(UAV)
无人机
19.
high
speed
railway
高铁
20.
5G
network
5G网络
★话题好句背诵
1.
Below
is
a
description
of
a
simple
scientific
experiment.
以下是一个简单的科学实验的描述。
2.
Here
are
the
steps
of
the
experiment.
下面是实验的步骤。
3.
When
all
these
things
are
ready,
you
can
begin
the
experiment.
当所有的事情都就绪后,
你就可以开始做实验了。
4.
The
purpose
of
the
experiment
is
to
observe
the
change
of
water
when
heated.
实验的目的是观察水在加热过程中的变化。
5.
To
carry
out
the
experiment,
you
need
the
following
things.
为了进行这项实验,
你需要以下用品。
Topic:
How
to
create
a
special
day
Ⅰ.
Work
in
groups
and
think
of
the
change
of
our
life
over
the
next
years.
Ⅱ.
Complete
the
following
speech
As
time
goes
by,
there
are
going
to
be
big
changes
in
our
everyday
life.
For
example,
when
_____________,
we
don’t
need
to
______________.
Just
take
some
____,
and
everything
will
be
OK.
When
we
are
____,
we
can
_______________________.
It
will
be
very
______,
just
like
___________now.
And
of
course,
if
we
want
to
see
we
are
hungry
cook
in
a
hurry
pills
free
go
anywhere
by
spacecraft
cheap
taking
a
taxi
______________________,
just
travel
down
there
____
___________________.
Maybe
there
will
be
a
lot
of
_______________living
there.
I
think
it’ll
be
very
____
________anywhere,
not
only
___________,
but
also
__
______________________.
?
what
is
like
under
the
sea
in
a
flying
object
like
UFO
cities
and
people
easy
to
travel
in
our
world
in
space
and
in
the
deep
sea(共14张PPT)
Unit
3
The
world
of
science
Period
3 Using
language语法精析课
现在完成时的被动语态
【体验·悟】
阅读下面课文原句,
回答以下问题。
原句1
This
evening,
I’ll
be
talking
to
Dr.
Richard
Fairhurst,
whose
new
book
The
New
Age
of
Invention
has
just
been
published.
原句2
I
guess
you
have
been
asked
about
the
title
of
your
book
before.
原句3
New
inventions
like
3D
printers
have
been
used
to
make
replacement
hearts
and
bone
parts.
【生成?得】
现在完成时的被动语态
基本
构成
have/
has
+been+_________的过去分词
表达的
意义
说话的时候_________的动作或出现的结
果,
主语是行为动作的_______。当主语为
第三人称单数的时候用___,
其他情况用
_____。
及物动词
已经完成
承受者
has
have
【研学·析】
Ⅰ.
现在完成时的被动语态的形式
1.
现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式为:
have/
has
+been
+done。
※The
experiment
has
been
done
successfully.
这个实验做得很成功。
2.
现在完成时的被动语态的否定式为:
have/
has
+not
+been
+done。
※The
important
project
has
not
been
finished
until
now.
那项重要的项目直到现在还没有完成。
3.
现在完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将have
/has提到主语的前面。
※Has
his
bike
been
repaired?
他的自行车修好了吗?
4.
现在完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为:
疑问词+have
/has
+been
+done?
※Who
has
been
invited?
谁受到了邀请?
【内化?用】
①This
book
_____________________many
languages.
?
这本书已被译为多国语言。
②These
flowers
________________,
so
you
can
go
home.
?
这些花已经被浇过水了,
你可以回家了。
③His
bikes
________________.
?
他的自行车已经都卖完了。
has
been
translated
into
have
been
watered
have
been
sold
out
Ⅱ.
现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1.
表示动作已经完成,
强调对现在造成的影响或结果,
经常与一些副词连用,
如already,
ever,
never,
recently,
lately,
just,
yet等,
通常把这些副词放在助动词have或has的后面,
有时候也可以放在句末。
※Tom’s
novel
has
not
been
published
yet.
汤姆的小说还没有出版。
2.
表示一直持续到现在的动作或状态,
经常与for
a
time,
since,
how
long,
so
far等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
※The
child
has
been
taken
care
of
by
Grandma
all
these
years.
这些年来,
孩子一直由奶奶照看。
※The
friendly
relations
and
cooperation
between
our
two
countries
have
been
enhanced
in
the
past
few
years.
我们两国之间的友好合作关系在近几年得到了加强。
【内化?用】
语法填空
①Enough
____________(say)here
on
this
question.
?
②Many
of
the
world’s
greatest
cities
______________
(build)on
the
banks
of
rivers.
?
③No
books
________________(buy)since
last
month.
?
has
been
said
have
been
built
have
been
bought
【常温故?勤总结】
现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1.
表示被动的动作发生在说话之前(即现在的过去),
强调对现在造成的影响和结果。
2.
表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,
持续到现在,
并可能将持续下去,
常与for或since引导的时间状语连用。(共54张PPT)
Unit
3
The
world
of
science
Period
2 Understanding
ideas要点内化课
Ⅰ.
根据语境选词填空
battery,
capable,
stuff,
desire,
virtual,
technology,
environmental,
incredible
1.
I
discovered
the
_________power
of
dreams.
2.
The
_____________effect
of
this
new
factory
could
be
disastrous.
incredible
environmental
3.
We
cannot
develop
our
national
economy
without
science
and
__________.
4.
This
is
a
______shopping
centre
offering
visitors
entry
to
well-known
goods.
5.
He
has
a
strong
______to
justify
himself.
6.
Let’s
throw
all
the
old
____out
of
the
house!
7.
He
is
quite
_______of
running
the
department
alone.
8.
He
is
using
your
mains
electricity
to
recharge
his
car
_______.
technology
virtual
desire
stuff
capable
battery
Ⅱ.
根据语境和提示词写出正确的单词
1.
_____________(environment)groups
plan
to
stage
public
protests
during
the
conference.
2.
The
government
_______(desire)
that
everyone
should
pay
attention
to
the
rule.
3.
________(pollute)is
one
of
the
most
important
issues
in
the
world
today.
Environmental
desired
Pollution
4.
A
woman
who
is
the
__________(interview)
on
a
radio
or
television
program.
5.
Her
son
was
filled
with
ambition
to
become
a
great
________(invent).
interviewer
inventor
Ⅲ.
根据语境填入适当的介词或副词
1.
Thanks
__
her
mother,
she
could
continue
her
research
work
in
Africa.
2.
The
meeting
started
____the
visiting
professor’s
speech.
3.
__addition
to
his
salary,
he
has
a
bonus
of
25
yuan
per
month.
to
with
In
4.
No
one
is
capable
__capturing
the
whole
truth.
5.
She
takes
private
pupils
as
well
__teaching
in
school.
6.
__terms
of
money,
I
can
lend
you
10,
000
yuan
now.
7.
The
children
were
led
__a
place
of
safety.
8.
Never
think
__yourself
as
the
wisest
person
in
the
world.
of
as
In
to
of
词
汇
微
空
间
动词
+-able
→
形容词
wear(vt.
)
穿戴 →
wearable
(adj.
)
可穿戴的
adjust
(vt.
)
调整
→_________(adj.
)
可调整的
respect
(vt.
)
尊敬
→__________(adj.
)
可敬的
adapt
(vt.
)
适应
→_________(adj.
)
可适应的
agree(vi.
)
同意
→_________(adj.
)
欣然同意的
adjustable
respectable
adaptable
agreeable
1.
capable
adj.
有能力的;
熟练的,
胜任的;
能干的,
能够……的
【观察?悟】
※
He
is
a
very
capable
administrator.
他是个十分能干的行政人员。
※She
is
capable
of
judging
works
of
art.
她有鉴赏艺术品的能力。
※Penny
is
capable
of
hard
work.
佩妮能胜任艰苦的工作。
【生成?得】
be
capable
__ 胜任;
具有……的能力
a
capable
man
_______________
一个有才干的人
of
【内化?用】
①She’s
__
____
_______
_______.
她是一位能力很强的教师。
②The
larger
firm
__
_______
__
providing
a
better
range
of
services.
较大的公司能够提供一系列更好的服务。
③She’s
a
very
capable
speaker.
译:
_____________
a
very
capable
teacher
is
capable
of
她能说会道。
2.
as
well
as
和……一样好;
也,
还;
除了……之外,
还有
【观察?悟】
※He
speaks
English
as
well
as
a
native
speaker.
(话题典句)
他讲英语和以英语为母语的人讲得一样好。
※The
girl
is
lively
as
well
as
healthy.
这女孩既活泼又健康。
※Hiking
is
good
exercise
as
well
as
fun.
(话题典句)
徒步旅行除了有趣之外,
还是很好的运动。
※I
am
going
to
London
and
my
sister
is
going
as
well.
我要到伦敦去,
我妹妹也要去。
【生成?得】
(1)as
well
as构成同级比较结构,
意为“___________
___”,
引导一个状语从句,
表示_____。
(2)连接两个并列的同等成分,
意为“不但……而
且……”,
“既……又……”,
这时相当于not
only.
.
.
but
also.
.
.
。
和……一样
好
比较
(3)当作复杂介词,
意思是“除了……之外,
还有”,
后面通常接名词或动名词,
相当于besides,
apart
from,
in
addition
to。
【知识延伸】
连接两个并列成分作主语时,
句子的谓语动词应该与前面那个名词或代词的人称或数保持一致。
※Mary
as
well
as
I
has
been
to
the
Great
Wall.
我和玛丽都去过长城。
【内化?用】
语法填空
①Her
students
as
well
as
her
husband
_____(be)
given
the
chance
to
visit
the
Great
Wall.
②You
can’t
expect
her
to
do
the
housework
as
well
as
_______(look)
after
the
children.
were
looking
③In
China,
as
well
as
in
Canada,
the
weather
changes
from
season
to
season.
译:
___________________________________________
中国的天气和加拿大一样随季节的变化而变化。
3.
in
addition
此外,
另外,
还有
【观察?悟】
※(2019·江苏高考)In
addition,
their
arms
that
are
unnecessary
for
moving
around
are
freed
for
other
purposes,
like
throwing
stones
or
signaling.
除此之外,
人类行走用不着手臂了,
它们可以用作其他目的,
如:
扔石块或打手势等。
※We
play
football
in
addition
to
playing
basketball.
除了打篮球外,
我们还踢足球。
※In
addition
to
giving
me
some
advice,
he
gave
me
some
money.
他不仅给我提了些忠告,
而且还给了我一些钱。
【生成?得】
in
addition
__
除……之外
in
addition
to中的to为_____,
所以后接动词作宾语时要
用动名词。
in
addition位于句末,
相当于
“______”。?
to
介词
as
well
【点拨迷津】
当主语后跟有in
addition
to引出的介词短语时,
谓语动词仍与其前的主语保持一致。
※The
teacher,
in
addition
to
his
students,
was
interested
in
the
book.
老师和他的学生都对这本书感兴趣。
【知识延伸】
besides
除……外还有(包括在之内)
as
well
as
除……外;
和,
还,
而且
in
addition
to
除……之外(还有)
apart
from
=besides除……外(尚有)
except
for
除……外(指具体的细节方面)
【内化?用】
用表示“除……外”有关词语填空
①I
know
nothing
about
her
______where
she
lives.
②His
composition
is
good,
___________________some
spelling
mistakes.
?
③The
room
is
empty
___________________a
broken
chair.
?
except
except
for/apart
from
except
for/apart
from
④There
are
three
others
in
the
room
____________
_________________________Mary.
?
besides/apart
from/in
addition
to/as
well
as
4.
thanks
to
多亏了……;
由于……的帮助
【观察?悟】
※Thanks
to
the
doctor,
I
am
well
again.
多亏这位医生,
我身体又康复了。
※Thanks
to
your
help,
I
finished
the
work
on
time.
多亏了你的帮助,
我才能按时完成工作。
※Thanks
for
lending
me
your
umbrella.
谢谢你借给我雨伞。
【生成?得】
(1)thanks
to相当于because
of.
.
.
或
with
the
help
of.
.
.
,
在此短语中,
to是一个_____,
后接名词或代词。
(2)thanks
for
=
thank
you
for
“为……感谢”强调感
谢的_____。
介词
原因
【知识延伸】“由于”辨析
due
to
用于较庄重的书面语中,
侧重“起因于”,
在句中多作表语,
有时作状语
owing
to
可以和due
to换用,
但在句中多作状语,
也可作表语
because
of
着重某种原因的理由,
在句中通常作状语
thanks
to
突出一种感激之情,
含“多亏”意味
【内化?用】
用due
to,
owing
to,
because
of,
thanks
to补全句子
①All
our
achievements
are
______his
support.
?
②_________his
assistance,
we
got
out
of
the
dark
cave
safely.
?
③________the
bad
weather,
we
didn’t
go
to
the
park.
?
④All
flights
have
been
cancelled
_________the
bad
weather.
?
due
to
Thanks
to
Owing
to
because
of
5.
in
terms
of
就……来说,
用……话来说,
根据
【观察?悟】
※How
do
the
two
techniques
compare
in
terms
of
application?
(话题典句)
这两种手法实际运用起来哪个好一些?
※In
terms
of
quantity,
production
grew
faster
than
ever
before.
(话题典句)
从数量上看,
产量增长的速度比以往任何时期都要快。
※He
referred
to
your
work
in
terms
of
high
praise.
他对你的工作大加赞扬。
【知识延伸】
In.
.
.
terms 在……方面
In
the
long
term
从长远来看
【内化?用】
①Paris
has
played
a
dominant
role
in
France,
not
just
__
_______
_____
but
also
in
economic
power.
不仅仅在政治方面,
而且在经济实力上巴黎在法国也
都一直处于支配地位。
②It
can
not
be
measured
__
_____
__
______.
这是不能用金钱衡量的。
in
political
terms
in
terms
of
money
③
The
agreement
should
have
very
positive
results
__
___
____
_____.
从长远来看,
这个协议将会产生非常积极的影响。
in
the
long
term
【备选要点】
1.
what’s
more
而且,
更重要的是
【观察?悟】
※He
is
clever,
and
what’s
more,
he
works
hard.
他很聪明,
而且学习很努力。
※The
car
broke
down
when
I
was
driving
home
from
work,
and
what’s
worse,
it
was
pouring
with
rain.
下班的路上,
我的汽车坏了,
更糟糕的是,
天下着大雨。
※What’s
more,
the
public
seems
to
support
increasing
government
spending
in
these
areas
更重要的是,
公众似乎支持在这些领域增加政府开支。
【生成?得】
what’s
worse表示“___________”,
相当于worse
still,
to
make
things
worse,
to
make
the
matter
worse,
even
worse,
作_________。
更糟糕的是
插入语用
【内化?用】
①____________,
I
even
didn’t
know
which
day
is
your
birthday!
?
更糟糕的是,
我甚至不知道你的生日是哪天!
②____________,
I’m
happy
to
help
other
people
who
need
help.
?
更重要的是,
我很开心去帮助需要帮助的人。
What’s
worse
What’s
more
2.
lead
to
引起,
导致,
造成
【观察?悟】
※Too
much
work
and
too
little
rest
often
leads
to
illness.
(话题典句)过度的劳累加上太少的休息常使人得病。
※He
walks
with
a
stick
but
still
leads
his
soldiers
into
battle.
他虽然拄着拐杖,
但依然带领士兵们投入战斗。
※Salesmen
do
their
best
to
lead
people
on
to
buy
things
they
do
not
need.
(话题典句)
生意人尽力怂恿人们买他们并不需要的东西。
※All
roads
lead
to
Rome.
(话题典句)
条条大道通罗马。
【生成?得】
(1)lead
to中to为_____,
后接名词或动词-ing形式。
(2)lead
sb.
to/into
sp.
__________________
(3)lead
sb.
to
___
sth.
引导、带领、怂恿某人做什么
=lead
sb.
into
doing
sth.
介词
把某人带到(进)某处
do
【内化?用】
①Lack
of
exercise
____
____
__
feelings
of
depression
and
exhaustion.
缺乏锻炼会导致抑郁和疲劳。
②Mother
had
___
___
__
______
the
new
baby
was
a
kind
of
present
for
me.
母亲让我相信新出生的宝宝是给我的一个礼物。
can
lead
to
led
me
to
believe
③He
took
Dickon
by
the
hand
__
____
____
____
___
_____.
他牵着Dickon的手把他领进屋。
to
lead
him
into
the
house
3.
It
is
capable
of
using
GPS
technology
to
travel
to
different
places,
with
computing
technology
controlling
its
“legs”.
?
它能够使用GPS技术去不同的地方旅行,
计算机技术控制它的“腿”。
【观察?悟】
句子中运用了with
的复合结构。with+名词/代词+doing,
doing现在分词与前面的宾语逻辑上是主谓关系。
※He
fell
asleep
with
the
lamp
burning.
他没熄灯就睡着了。
※He
sat
there
with
his
eyes
closed.
他闭目坐在那儿。
※I
can’t
go
out
with
all
these
clothes
to
wash.
要洗这些衣服,
我无法出去了。
【生成?得】
with+名词/代词+非谓语动词(to
do表示_________的动
作,
doing现在分词与前面的宾语逻辑上是_____关系,
done过去分词和前面的宾语逻辑上是_____关系)。
将来发生
主谓
动宾
【知识延伸】
with-复合结构的基本结构是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”,
具体说来还有以下几种形式:
(1)with+宾语+形容词
※She
often
sleeps
with
the
windows
open.
她常开着窗睡觉。
(2)with+宾语+副词
※He
stood
before
his
teacher
with
his
head
down.
他低着头站在老师面前。
(3)
with+宾语+名词
※He
died
with
his
daughter
yet
a
schoolgirl.
他去世时,
女儿还是个小学生。
(4)
with+宾语+介词短语
※She
said
good-bye
with
tears
in
her
eyes.
她含着眼泪说了声再见。
【内化?用】
用with的复合结构完成句子
①I
won’t
be
able
to
go
on
holiday
____
___
_______
_____
__.
因为妈妈生病,
我无法去度假。
②All
the
afternoon
he
worked
____
___
_____
______.
整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。
with
my
mother
being
ill
with
the
door
locked
③You
shouldn’t
speak
____
_____
______
___.
你不应该满嘴巴食物说话。
④He
was
lying
on
the
bed
____
___
___
______
___.
他和衣躺在床上。
⑤He
was
asleep
____
___
_____
___
___
_____.
他头枕着胳膊睡着了。
with
your
mouth
full
with
all
his
clothes
on
with
his
head
on
his
arms(共29张PPT)
Unit
3
The
world
of
science
Period
1 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
语篇研读课
Ⅰ.
新词相知
(一)连线相匹配英文释义。
1.
shoot
A.
an
instrument
for
finding
directions
2.
battery
B.
squeeze
or
press
together
3.
compute
C.
having
capacity
or
ability
4.
desire
D.
an
intention
to
want
things
5.
capable
E.
make
a
maths
calculation
6.
press
F.
a
device
that
produces
electricity
7.
compass
G.
send
forth
suddenly,
intensely
答案:
1～7.
GFEDC
BA
(二)根据汉语提示,
写出单词。
1.
He
has
expressed
a
______(渴望)
to
see
you.
2.
Will
you
charge
up
my
car
_______(电池)?
3.
We
had
to
rely
on
a
________(指南针)
and
a
lot
of
luck
to
get
here.
4.
There
was
no
one
at
the
reception
desk,
so
he
had
to
_____(按)
a
bell
for
service.
desire
battery
compass
press
5.
He
would
rather
_____(射出;
放射)
himself
than
compromise
his
principles.
6.
I’m
perfectly
_______(有能力的)
of
doing
it
myself,
thank
you.
7.
Ask
the
waiter
to
________(计算)
the
bill.
shoot
capable
compute
Ⅱ.
短语熟记
选择恰当的短语补全下列语境。
in
addition,
what’s
more,
look
down
on,
instead
of,
think
of,
as
well
as,
thanks
to,
in
terms
of,
be
capable
of,
start
with
1.
To
work
out
a
plan,
one
has
to
_________investigation.
?
2.
They
built
a
robot
which
_____________understanding
spoken
commands.
?
3.
The
robot
can
play
chess
better
than
humans
__________
intelligence.
?
4.
_________his
timely
help,
we
completed
the
hard
task
ahead
of
schedule.
?
start
with
was
capable
of
in
terms
of
Thanks
to
5.
Let’
s
share
in
our
troubles
________in
our
joys.
?
6.
They’re
trying
to
_______new
ways
to
protect
the
environment.
?
7.
I
wish
you
wouldn’t
____________this
kind
of
work.
?
8.
The
price
of
pork
is
too
high,
so
we
changed
to
eat
chicken
_________pork.
?
as
well
as
think
of
look
down
on
instead
of
9.
He
learns
something
quickly
and
___________,
he
remembers
what
he
has
learned.
?
10.
__________to
the
main
question,
there
are
secondary
matters
to
talk
about.
?
what’s
more
In
addition
Ⅲ.
课文浅触
1.
阅读The
New
Age
of
Invention,
体会当代的科技进步和发明创造给人们生活带来的变化。
2.
What
are
the
four
great
inventions
in
Ancient
China?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
3.
What
is
the
real
spirit
of
invention?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案:
2.
Gunpowder,
papermaking,
printing
and
compass.
3.
The
desire
to
think
and
create.
Step
1 Pre-reading
Richard
Fairhurst
was
best
known
for
his
book
“The
New
Age
of
Invention”
which
has
just
been
published.
The
interviewer
interviewed
him.
They
talked
about
the
inventions
from
Ancient
China
to
Modern
Times.
What
great
modern
inventions
did
he
mention?
___________________________________________
________________
Virtual
reality,
wearable
tech,
flexible
battery
and
computer
power.
?
Step
2 While
reading
Ⅰ.
Answer
the
following
questions.
1.
What
does
the
passage
mainly
about?
_______________________________________________
_________________?
2.
Do
you
think
the
great
age
of
invention
is
over?
________________________________________?
Interview
Richard
Fairhurst,
the
author
of
“The
New
Age
of
Invention”.
No,
we
are
in
the
great
new
age
of
technology.
Ⅱ.
Fill
in
the
form
below.
Book
______________________
Author
________________
How
many
questions
___
Richard
Fairhurst’s
job
Author
and
inventor
The
New
Age
of
Invention
Richard
Fairhurst
Six
Ⅲ.
Choose
the
best
answer.
1.
Which
is
not
the
Western
invention?
A.
The
radio.
B.
The
compass.
C.
The
steam
engine.
D.
The
telephone.
2.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
mentioned
in
the
new
age
technology?
A.
Virtual
reality.
B.
Wearable
tech.
C.
Flexible
battery.
D.
Gunpowder.
3.
What
inspires
us
to
invent
things?
A.
The
wheel
in
ancient
times.
B.
Reduced
energy
supplies.
C.
Advanced
in
technology.
D.
Desire
to
think
and
create.
4.
What
kind
of
the
invention
can
not
turn
into
reality
now?
A.
Time
machine.
B.
New
energy
vehicles.
C.
GPS
Tech.
D.
Virtual
reality.
答案:
1～4.
BDDA
Ⅳ.
Sentence
explanation.
句意:
今晚,
我要采访理查德·费尔赫斯特博士,
他的新
书《___________》刚刚出版。
新发明时代
Step
3 Post-reading
Ⅰ.
Try
to
retell
the
text.
The
interviewer
had
an
________with
the
author
of
new
book
The
New
Age
of
Invention,
______has
just
been
published.
They
talked
about
some
questions
about
the
new
age
of
_________.
Richard
thought
that
we
are
in
the
great
new
age
of
technology.
A
lot
of
interview
which
inventions
advances
in
______reality,
wearable
tech
and
environmental
science
can
be
seen
______to
increasing
computer
power.
_____remains
important
is
that
we
have
an
incredible
______to
think
and
create,
and
that’s
the
real
_____of
invention.
We’re
a
long
way
from
an
invention
like
the
time
machine
at
the
moment.
But,
as
they
say,
“Never
say
_____!
”
virtual
thanks
What
desire
spirit
never
Ⅱ.
Continuation
exercise.
If
I
have
a
time
machine,
____________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
If
I
have
a
time
machine,
the
first
thing
I
want
to
do
is
going
to
the
future
to
look
at
what
my
life
will
be
like.
If
I
have
a
time
machine,
I
will
return
to
my
high
school
because
that
was
a
golden
time
to
learn
and
to
enjoy.
To
be
honest,
if
I
really
have
a
time
machine,
maybe
I
will
do
nothing.
I
will
not
choose
to
go
to
the
past
nor
to
the
future.
Because
the
past
was
gone,
it’s
useless
to
change
them;
the
future
is
a
mystery,
and
that
is
the
charm.
【主题情境思考】
The
effect
of
technology
in
our
day-to-day
life
can
be
seen
or
felt
almost
everywhere.
What’s
the
difference
can
we
find
from
everyday
life
compared
to
the
past?
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________
【参考范文】
With
the
development
of
science
and
technology,
our
life
has
changed
a
lot.
First,
communication
has
been
advanced.
In
the
past
we
could
communicate
with
others
only
by
writing
letters
but
now
we
can
use
cellphones.
Second,
in
the
past,
if
we
wanted
to
see
a
movie,
we
had
to
go
to
the
cinema.
But
now
we
can
watch
TV
at
home.
Finally,
we
can
surf
the
Internet
for
some
information.
