人教版英语2021年中考二轮复习题型突破二：阅读理解（含答案）

题型二　阅读理解
话题1　广告图表
Passage 1
[素材选自English in Mind Book 3]
旅游胜地——波兰
Poland is a beautiful country with a long history. It also has lots of interesting things to see. Here is our list of the best places to visit.
Kazimierz Dolny
This is a small town in central eastern Poland on the eastern bank of the Vistula River. Since the 19th century the town has become a popular holiday place, especially for artists. It's about a two?hour car ride from the capital city Warsaw, so it's also a great place to spend weekends.
Mazury Lake District
The Mazury Lake District is in the east of Poland. It is well?known because it is made up of about 2, 700 lakes which are connected by a network of canals(运河) and rivers. It's a great place for fishing, boating or water sports.
Cracow
Cracow's Main Market Square was Europe's largest market at that time. You can also find Sukiennice, the oldest shopping mall in the world. In Cracow, you can visit Auschwitz, the concentration camp (集中营). More than 1.5 million people died there, over 90% of whom were Jews(犹太人). It's a very special experience.
Zakopane
Zakopane is in a large valley(峡谷) between the Tatra Mountains and Gubalowka Hill in the south. And it's a great place for skiing. Bialka Tatranska is a wonderful village in the south with many mountain activities such as sledging and skating, and is only 20 kilometers from Zakopane.
1. Where does Kazimierz Dolny lie?
A. Near the capital city Warsaw.
B. In the center of Poland.
C. To the east of the city Warsaw.
D. On the bank of the Vistula River.
2. What is the Mazury Lake District very famous for?
　 　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　

A. A canal. B. Some rivers.
C. Many lakes. D. Water sports.
3. How many Jews died in the concentration camp of Auschwitz?
A. Over 1.5 million. B. Over 1.35 million.
C. Over 0.75 million. D. Over 150 thousand.
4. If Ben is interested in skiing, which is the best place to go?
A. Kazimierz Dolny. B. Zakopane.
C. Cracow. D. Mazury Lake District.
5. 全国创新考点 图片理解In which kind of magazine can we find the passage?

话题2　说明介绍
Passage 2(2020杭州改编)
Traffic lights are red, yellow and green. They are very important signals(信号). Traffic lights are usually placed at busy street corners to help control traffic. Sometimes, they are on streets near schools and shops, too. Most young children are taught what each of the colored lights means, so everybody can stay safe.
The first traffic signals were used for trains. The signals were put alongside railway tracks(轨道). The color red was used to mean “stop” because it warned people of danger. A red light was also the easiest color to see from a distance. Train drivers could see the red “stop” light ahead and had enough time to slow down and stop their trains. A green light was used to mean “take care” and a white meant “go”．
However, there were many dangerous accidents on the train tracks. Some train drivers thought a star shining in the night sky was a white light that meant “go”. So the signals were swapped. The “go” light was changed to green and the “take care” light was changed to white.
During these times, people travelled by train or in carts pulled by horses. Years later, when cars were built, people began to drive them because they could travel much faster than horses. However, the road rules for drivers were not very clear and many people were hurt crossing the roads. Yellow warning signs had to be placed beside the roads to remind drivers to take care and allow people to cross safely.
Today, towns and cities all over the world have traffic lights. Red and green lights match the signals used on the railways. Yellow lights are easy to see, so they are used to warn drivers that they should slow down and prepare to stop.
1. Why was the color red used to mean “stop”？
A. It reminded people of traffic rules.
B. It helped trains run smoothly.
C. It gave people a warning of danger.
D. It was the first color people thought of.
2. What were the first traffic signals used for?
A. Trains. B. Airplanes. C. Buses. D. Cars.
3. Why were there so many accidents when the cars appeared at first?
A. Because the driver's skill was bad.
B. Because the traffic was busy.
C. Because there were too many cars on the road.
D. Because drivers were not very clear about the traffic rules.
4. Put the following in the right order about the “take care” light's development.
①A white light.　②A green light.
③A yellow light.
A. ①②③ B. ②③① C. ①③② D. ②①③
5. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The advantages of traffic lights.
B. The history of traffic lights.
C. The importance of traffic lights.
D. The meanings of traffic lights.
Passage 3
[素材选自ACTIVE SKILLS FOR READING Book 1]
无家可归的大象
“Last night, there were 20 elephants on my farm，” said one man in Kenya. “We shouted and threw things to send them away, but they broke the fences(栅栏) and ate all my crops. What can I do？”
Elephants are fascinating animals, but they cause serious problems for the farmers near Mount Kenya National Park. The animals often leave the park and go into the farms outside it. There, they eat crops and break houses.
“The problem began when more people came to Mount Kenya and started new farms，” a government official explains. “The land was used by elephants in the past. At some times of the year, elephants go from one part of the area to another. They remember their ways, and they walk through anything that's there—like a farm field or even a house.”
Farmers and their children used to sleep in their fields every night. If elephants came, they built fires or played drums loudly to scare them away. But the next day, the farmers were too tired to do their work. They spent most of their time and energy trying to keep elephants away from their fields. Then, a local organization built electric fences to keep the elephants out. However, these fences are expensive to build, and the farmers must repair them often.
Now the government of Kenya has a new idea. It wants the people around the park to start business for tourists. People around the world love elephants, and many tourists want to see elephants close up. The government hopes that in this way, people and elephants will live together happily.
1. Why do elephants do these harmful things to human?
A. Because they feel bored.
B. Because they are hungry.
C. Because humans don't feed them well.
D. Because humans take away their homes.
2. How did farmers and children protect their fields?
A. They used fires and loud noises.
B. They built many strong fences.
C. They stayed awake the whole night.
D. They built walls around the fields.
3. What will the government of Kenya do with the problem?
A. Lock up the elephants.
B. Develop the local tourism.
C. Build fences for the farmers.
D. Call for more love to elephants.
4. Put the following in the right order according to the passage.
①People took up the land where the elephants used to live.
②The government came up with its idea of starting business for tourists.
③People used different kinds of tools to drive the elephants away.
④The elephants ate crops and broke houses of the farmers.
A. ①②③④ B. ①④③②
C. ②①④③ D. ④③①②
5. Which of the following can be the best title?
A. What Poor People Do in Kenya
B. Fascinating But Dangerous Elephants
C. Get Along Well with Elephants
D. Train Elephants to Perform Well Soon
话题3　科普知识
Passage 4
[素材选自One Story A Day Book 11]
树叶为什么会变色
Every year, as summer changes to autumn, the trees turn color—changing from summer greens to a little bit of red, orange, and yellow. It's a truly wonderful sight!
When I was a boy, my grandmother used to tell me that a strange little man came in the night with a paint brush to paint the leaves those wonderful colors. And I believed her. But as I grew older, there was doubt about it. As always, science had the answer.
Trees need food, just like all living things. Leaves produce food for the trees. Leaves use sunlight to change water and carbon dioxide into glucose(葡萄糖). The process by which leaves do this is known as photosynthesis(光合作用). That's a big word, but it just means “combining things with light”. A chemical called chlorophyll(叶绿素) helps make this happen. Chlorophyll is the reason why leaves are green in the summer.
However, Canadian winters are long, cold and dark. There isn't enough sunshine in winter for the leaves to make food. In autumn, as the days shorten, the trees get a signal to slow down. It's time to take a rest. Trees have enough food stored to last all winter.
When the leaves stop making food, they no longer need to make chlorophyll. Slowly, the chlorophyll disappears. Remember, this is the chemical that makes leaves green. As the chlorophyll goes away, so does the green color.
I still think of my grandmother's explanation sometimes. And although I know better now, whenever I look at the beautiful autumn trees, I can almost see a happy little man with a paint brush.
1. The writer thought________ changed the color of leaves in autumn when he was a child.
A. the wind B. a little man C. a goddess D. his grandmother
2. What can NOT help leaves produce food for the trees?
A. Water B. CO2 C. Soil D. Sunlight
3. Why do leaves become red, orange and yellow in autumn?
A. Because the trees need more food in the winter.
B. Because the chlorophyll goes away in the leaves.
C. Because green color has a chemical change with sunlight.
D. Because cold and dark environment can make new colors.
4. Which of the following shows the structure(结构)of the passage？(①＝Paragraph 1　②＝Paragraph 2...)
A. ①②③；④⑤；⑥ B. ①；②③④；⑤⑥
C. ①②；③④⑤⑥ D. ①②；③④⑤；⑥
5. Which of the following is the main idea of this text?
A. What food do trees need during a year?
B. How does a magic story become science?
C. What magic science we have now!
D. Why do leaves change colors in autumn?
Passage 5
[素材选自READING EXPLORER Book 2]
揭秘青春期的莽撞行为
It seems that teens may do wild, even dangerous things. This was thought to be the “foolishness of youth”. Now scientists have discovered a new theory of why teens act that way.
Recently, scientists discovered that our brains are far from fully developed though they are almost at their full size at age six. Only during adolescence (青春期) do our brains truly “grow up”. During this time, they go through great changes until age 25. Such changes make us better at balancing impulses (冲动行事) with following rules.
But brain scientist B. J. Casey points out the teen brain inspires(激发)such behavior in order to help teens prepare for adult life. The brain does this by changing the way teens measure risks and rewards. When teens think about rewards, their brains give out more chemicals that create pleasure than an adult brain would. This__makes__the__rewards__seem__more__important__than__the__risks.
Research also found it makes social connections seem especially rewarding. So teens need to meet new people. Because it's still developing, a teen brain can change to deal with new situations. So it connects social rewards with even more pleasure. In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends, which may make them more successful in life.
Unluckily, the hope for greater rewards can sometimes lead teens to make bad decisions. However, it also means teens are less afraid to try new things or to be independent. The scientists' findings suggest that the impulses of the teen brain can help teens leave their parents' care.
1. What have the scientists discovered now?
A. The reason why teens do some wild and dangerous things.
B. The fact that teens become foolish and crazy.
C. The theory why teens act in a wild way.
D. The plan that teens want to take care of their parents.
2. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Our brains. B. Scientists.
C. Shapes and sizes. D. Developments.
3. What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. In order to get the reward, they can avoid the risk.
B. In order to get the reward, they won't think about the risk.
C. In order to avoid the risk, they can drop the reward.
D. In order to get the reward, they have to keep away the risk.
4. Why are teens' brains easy to deal with new situations?
A. Their brains are bigger.
B. Their brains run quickly.
C. Their brains don't think about useless things.
D. Their brains are still developing.
5. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Function of the Brain
B. The Differences Between Youth and Adults
C. A Real Reason
D. Foolishness of Youth
话题4　教育引导
Passage 6(2020恩施改编)
A number of years ago, a man went to visit a circus(马戏团) in New York. He was able to walk around looking at the lions, monkeys, bears and other circus animals. As he was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped. He found that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope tied to their front leg. No chains, no cages. It was clear that the elephants could, at any time, escape from their ropes but for some reason, they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and didn't try to get away. “Well，”the trainer said, “when they are very young and much smaller, we use the same size rope to tie them and, at that age, it's enough to hold them. As they grow up, they still believe they can not break away. They believe the rope can hold them, so they never try to break free.”
“How could it be？” said the man. These animals could at any time break free from ropes. But because they were always stuck right where they were, they believed they couldn't.
Just like the poor elephants, how many of us go through life believing that we can not do something, just because we failed at it once before?
Failing is part of learning.
1. Where were the animals kept according to the passage?
A. In the circus. B. In the zoo. C. In the forest. D. In the park.
2. What does the underlined word “escape” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Being killed by people.
B. Staying there quietly.
C. Running away.
D. Being protected by people.
3. How were the elephants held?
A. By a strong rope.
B. In cages.
C. With chains.
D. By a small rope.
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The elephants were held in this way when they were young.
B. There were many kinds of animals in the circus.
C. The animals were trained to perform.
D. The elephants believe the ropes can't hold them.
5. What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Well begun is half done.
B. The early bird catches the worm.
C. We should never give up trying.
D. One tree can't make a forest.
话题5　外国文化
Passage 7
[素材选自Keynote Book 2]
芝加哥市旗
Many cities in the United States have flags, but few are as loved as Chicago's. “Today，” says Whet Moser from Chicago magazine, “I went to get hair cut. When I sat down in the barber's(理发店的) chair, there was a Chicago flag on the box that the barber kept all his tools in. In the mirror, there was a Chicago flag on the wall behind me.”
The flag is also a symbol of Chicago pride. As flag expert Ted Kaye says, “When a police officer or a fireman dies in Chicago, often it's not the flag of the United States on his body. It can be the flag of the city of Chicago. That's how deeply the flag has gotten into the civic imagery(市民形象) of Chicago.”
Like any good flag, the Chicago flag's design is simple and its symbolism is clear. The white areas represent(代表) three Chicago neighborhoods. The strips(条纹)represent the river and the lake. Its simple but bold design is acclaimed by flag experts and is probably also the reason why it has become so popular.
Roman Mars moved to Chicago in 2005, and he also fell in love with the flag. Mars is the host and creator of 99% Invisible—a popular radio show about design and architecture(建筑学). In Mars' own words, “I also think that people love Chicago more because the flag is so cool.”
1. Where did the writer find Chicago Flag in the barber?
A. On the barber's chair and desk.
B. On the barber's mirror and window.
C. On the barber's tool box and wall.
D. On the barber's door and floor.
2. If a dead man is covered with a Chicago flag, we can infer that the man must be ________.
A. a hero B. a general C. an artist D. a citizen
3. The underlined word “acclaimed” in Paragraph 3 possibly means ________.
A. is designed by B. is praised by C. is encouraged by D. is accepted by
4. Which of the following shows the structure of this article？(①＝Paragraph 1　②＝Paragraph 2...)

5. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The popularity of the Chicago flag.
B. The designer of the Chicago flag.
C. The shape of the Chicago flag.
D. The meaning of the Chicago flag.
话题6　人物经历
Passage 8(2020江西改编)
In 2007, Barrington Irving became the youngest person to fly alone around the world. He was just 23 years old—and he built the plane himself.
Irving's interest in flying started when he was 15.Gary Robinson was a customer of his parents' bookstore. One day, Robinson asked Irving if he was interested in flying. Irving didn't think he was smart enough. But the next day, Robinson took Irving to an airport. He showed Irving inside the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a Boeing 777. That experience changed Irving's life.
Irving really wanted to fly, but flight school was expensive. To achieve his dream, he worked different jobs. At home, he practiced flying on a video game. In the end, he got enough money for flight school. At flight school, Irving achieved his dream of learning how to fly. Next, he planned to build his own plane and fly alone around the world.
Building the plane was difficult. Irving asked more than 50 companies for airplane parts. Most said no, but he persisted(坚持不懈) in asking. Three years later, an airplane company agreed to build a plane using the parts. Soon, his airplane was ready to fly.
On March 23, 2007, Irving began his round?the?world trip. When he landed back in Miami, a cheering crowd of people was there to welcome him.
Irving saw many young people in the crowd, and this had a powerful effect on him. He wanted to use his experience to help other young people achieve their own dreams.
1. What did Irving's parents do according to the text?
A. Pilots.
B. Bookstore keepers.
C. Teachers of flight school.
D. Local doctors.
2. Why was Gary Robinson important in Irving's life?
A. He got Irving interested in flying.
B. He sent Irving to a flight school.
C. He helped Irving build a plane.
D. He taught Irving how to fly.
3. What is the correct order of the events about Irving?
①Irving got the parts for his plane.
②Irving flew around the world.
③Irving met Gary Robinson.
④Irving learned to fly.
A. ③④①② B. ③①④② C. ②③①④ D. ②③④①
4. Which of the following words best describe Irving?
A. Clever and honest.
B. Humorous and responsible.
C. Polite and powerful.
D. Hard?working and persistent.
5. What is the text mainly about?
A. How to become a pilot.
B. The process of building a plane.
C. Stick to your dreams.
D. How to enter a flight school.
话题7　热点
Passage 9
燃灯校长——张桂梅
Zhang Guimei showed us how to be a good teacher and the importance of a teacher in students' lives.
In 2009, Zhang Guimei founded the Huaping High School for Girls in Lijiang, Yunnan Province. This is a special high school which did not ask for tuition fees(学费) from girls in poor families. In 2003, Zhang began to raise money for the school, but her efforts were often met with suspicion and even misunderstanding. During 2003 and 2007, Zhang spent her spare time asking people to make donations(捐款) for her school. However, the money she got was not enough. In 2007, after her dream was reported by the media(媒体), the government promised to help her project.
Zhang carries on strict school rules. She plans every minute of her students' timetable. At 5：20 a．m., she wakes up all the girls. They must take a nap in the afternoon. They are only allowed three hours a week outside of the school. And long hair is not allowed in school. She wants to change the lives of many girls from poor families through education.
Eleven years later, over 1，600 girl students have graduated from the school and received higher education—including many famous universities in China.
When people asked why she made so many efforts to help girls in the mountains to receive better education, she just said, “I believe it is really important for girls to receive education. I hope they can live happier than me. And it will be the greatest comfort to me.”
1. When was the Huaping High School for Girls set up?
A. In 2003. B. In 2005. C. In 2007. D. In 2009.
2. What does the underlined word “suspicion” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Support. B. Understand. C. Doubt. D. Trust.
3. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A. All the students get up early to study.
B. There are strict rules in the school.
C. Long hair is not allowed in the school.
D. Zhang is a kind mother for the students.
4. Why did Zhang make so many efforts to help those girls?
A. Because she was asked to do so by their parents.
B. Because she thought girls were as clever as boys.
C. Because she wanted them to live more happily than her.
D. Because those girls' parents had paid lots of attention to their study.
5. What is the best title for the text?
A. A Good And Strict Teacher
B. A Common High School for Girls
C. A Famous High School in China
D. Girl Students from Poor Families
Passage 10
热点：拥抱经典——央视四大名著上B站
There is a hot discussion about bullet screen(弹幕), which has become a special way of social communication.
Recently, TV plays of the“Four Great Classics” made by CCTV have been shown on the bullet screen video website and has got wide attention. Young people enjoy classics in a more lively way.
How to treat the popularity of classics in bullet screen? It should be said that the wonderful stories and great performances have made the “Four Great Classics” popular among people all the time.
On the screen, there are fans of the “Four Great Classics” explaining the knowledge of the works, discussing the roles in the plays, or sharing their ideas about the works. Some people said watching TV plays of the “Four Great Classics” with bullet screen offered a feeling of reviewing childhood with thousands of people. Others said while watching the plays with bullet screen, not only the story that was wonderful, but also the joy of many people watching the programs in groups is great.
Classics have always been enjoyed and loved by people, and the ways of watching TV plays in different times are different. The communication form is another improvement of the classics with the help of science and technology.
In a wider view, communication forms also bring new energy into the cultural industry. With the support of technology, the contents(内容) and forms are much richer, and users can communicate in any time. The new way of communication makes the classics spread widely.
1. When watching TV plays with bullet screen, you can ________．
A. be easier to feel tired
B. not turn the bullet screen off
C. communicate with others
D. talk with others face by face
2. The “Four Great Classics” are________ among people all the time.
A. strange B. popular C. boring D. important
3. What can fans of the “Four Great Classics” do on the screen?
A. They can tell their own stories about their childhood.
B. They can make friends with thousands of people.
C. They can play an important role in the program.
D. They can share the knowledge of the works.
4. What plays an important role in spreading the classics?
A. Communcation ways. B. Hobbies.
C. Contents. D. Knowledge.
5. Which of the following can be the best title?
A. The History of Bullet Screen
B. Chinese “Four Great Classics”
C. Why Classics Are Loved by People
D. Bullet Screen: A New Way of Watching
参考答案
题型二　阅读理解
Passage 1
1. D　2. C　3. B　4. B　5. A
Passage 2
1. C　2. A　3. D　4. D　5. B
Passage 3
1. D　2. A　3. B　4. B　5. C
Passage 4
1. B　2. C　3. B　4. D　5. D
Passage 5
1. C　2. A　3. B　4. D　5. C
Passage 6
1. A　2. C　3. D　4. D　5. C
Passage 7
1. C　2. A　3. B　4. A　5. A
Passage 8
1. B　2. A　3. A　4. D　5. C
Passage 9
1. D　2. C　3. B　4. C　5. A
Passage 10
1. C　2. B　3. D　4. A　5. D