(共61张PPT)
Unit 4
warming and listening
What natural disasters do you know about
Warming-up
volcano
Flood
firefighter
Fire
Drought
sandstorm
Tornado
Typhoon
Lightning
Tsunami (海啸）
snow slide (雪崩)
mudflow
earthquake
I.Look carefully at the two photos. Describe what you see in the photos .
Tang Shan earthquake
1989, San Francisco Earthquake
Houses fell down. ___________covered the ground . Buildings were destroyed.
Bricks
Roads got huge________.Many buses were caught in them.
cracks
Water pipes cracked and _______, so the _____________was cut off.
burst
water supply
The smoke of fires could be seen. The electricity lines were destroyed. ___________________was also cut off.
The electricity supply
Bridges fell down or were not safe for travelling.
_______________ were useless pieces of steel. The transportation was delayed.
Railway tracks
Many people died and were______. Families were killed and many children were left _______________.
without parents
injured
In a few terrible seconds, a large city____________. Everything was destroyed. It seemed that the world was_____________.
lay in ruins
at an end
How to reduce the damage
what should we do when the earthquake happens
Let’s do a test!
If you stay indoors, you may
2) If you stay outdoors, you may
What would you do in the following situations？
hide under a desk or other furniture, in the corner,
in a small kitchen or a toilet. It’s dangerous to jump downstairs.
keep away from the electrical lines and walls, run to the open field.
Listening
Listen to the tape and then tell
whether they are true or false.
1. The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.
2. Many huge buildings were shaking –bricks were falling.
F
T
3. A lot of people were buried under the ruins.
4. Some cows were killed in the fire.
5. He felt safer because he got away easily.
T
F
F
1. When did the earthquake begin
2. What did the speaker do after he woke up
Listen to the tape again and in
groups discuss these questions.
Around 5 o’clock in the morning.
He rushed outside as soon as
he woke up.
3. What did he see and hear outside
When he got outside he thought the world had come to an end. He heard people crying and shouting. He saw people running everywhere and bricks falling down from buildings. There were big fires too.
4. What happened to the man next to him
5. How did he get away from the city
6. Which of your adjectives describe the man’s feelings most closely
He was killed by bricks falling from a nearby building.
He got away from the city by boat.
Very shocked, devastated.
R: What was the first thing you
remember
Listening text
A report is asking a man to describe his experience in the San Francisco earthquake of 1906.
R=reporter M=man
M: Oh, my goodness. It was about 5 o’clock in the morning. I remember, I woke up when I was thrown out of the bed. When I tried to walk, the floor shook so that I fell. I felt terrified and rushed downstairs.
R: What did you see outside
M: Oh, I saw things I never want to see again. It seemed as if the end of the
world came. People were crying, shouting and running everywhere. bricks were falling down from some buildings while big ones were shaking… Lots of people were getting buried under bricks. There were great fires around us. It was terrible!
R: Did you realize what was happening
M: No. I asked a man standing next to
me what happened. Before he could answer, some bricks fell on him and he was killed.
R: That sounds frightening. Did you know where to find a safer place
M: Oh, no. Luckily I met a man who knew the way to a boat.
R: So…you got away easily
M: No, we didn’t. It was difficult because the streets had deep cracks. As we were carefully picking our way, some frightened cows rushed up Market Street and dropped into one of them. I’ll never forget the noise they made. Some of them had broken their legs and others were climbing upon each other to get out. Horrible!
R: How did you feel once you’d left the city
M: Umm. I felt safer because we were being cared for. The soldiers saved us. They brought us water and food. Thanks to them many of us are still alive!
For most of human history, people could only imagine what caused earthquakes to happen. So stories were told to explain this natural disaster. Here is such a story from India:
Four huge elephants hold up the earth. The elephants stand on the back of a bigger turtle. The turtle stands on an even bigger snake. When any of these huge magical animals move, the earth begins to shake!
Can you make up a story to explain how an earthquake happens. Try to explain in an interesting way and keep the story short.
Stories of earthquakes all over the world:
The earth floated on a great sea. When this moved, there was an earthquake.
Ancient Greece
A god drives a cart with the earth in it. The cart is pulled by dogs which have fleas. When the dogs stop pulling and begin to scratch, the earth shakes and there is an earthquake.
Russia
A giant catfish lives un the mud under the earth. The catfish likes to play tricks and can only be stopped by a certain god who protects the people from the earthquake by holding a large magical rock over the catfish. But if he relaxes and stops, the catfish moves and makes the earthquake.
Japan
Listening on Page 62
Listen to the tape and tell whether
they are true or false.
1. It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.
2. The plates are always moving.
3. If the plates stop move, there is an earthquake.
T
T
F
4. If the plates move, there is an earthquake.
5. Wherever you live, you are in an earthquake area.
6. China has two plates pushing on her and they make mountains and earthquakes.
F
F
T
Listen to the text and answer these questions.
Part 1:
1 Why do earthquakes happen
Earthquakes happen when two
moving plates jump and push against each other.
2 Why do California, China and Japan have a lot of earthquakes
California, Japan and China have a lot of earthquakes because they are placed in areas where different plates meet.
Part 2:
1 Do not build _______________________
______________.
2 Make sure you build _______________
__________________.
3 You must _________________________
________.
houses along a line where
two plates meet
houses on rock rather than on sand
make the houses as strong as possible
4 ______ buildings will fall down and
______ ones may ______.
Weak
strong
stay up
2.Listen again and choose the best answer.
1)The Pacific plate is moving at ________.
A. 3.5cm a year B. 5.3cm a year
C. 35cm a year D. 53cm a year
2)When the 1906 earthquake happened, the Pacific plate suddenly jumped _________ to the north.
4-5 meters B. 3-4 meters C. 5-6 meters D. 7-8 meters
3)The India plate is pushing on China from ________.
southwest to northeast B. northeast to southwest
C. southeast to northwest D. northwest to southeast
4)Which way in the following can’t reduce losses from earthquakes
A.not building where plates meet B. building on rock
C.building strong houses D.building weak houses
Part 1
Why do earthquakes happen Scientists believe that the surface of the earth is covered by a number of moving plates. Sometimes two plates move towards and push against each other. Sometimes they stop for years but at other times they jump and an earthquake is felt.
Listening text
Because of the movements of these plates, California, China and Japan have a lot of earthquakes. You can see the result in San Francisco where the Pacific plate meets the North American plate. When the 1906 earthquake happened, the Pacific plate jump 5 to 6 metres to the north.
Part 2
China is a country where many earthquakes happen. The Pacific plate is pushing China from the east and the Indian plate is pushing China from the southwest. The power of this movement created the Himalayas and Mount Qomolongma. It now causes earthquake in China. We cannot stop earthquakes but we can do things to make sure they do
not destroy whole cities. First it is not a good idea to build houses along the line where two plates meet. Second, if you think there may be an earthquake, make sure to build houses on rock rather than sand. Third, you must make the houses as strong as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.
2 When you listen the first time write down the three key words that are mentioned.
1 drop 2 cover 3 hold
Listening task on P66
2nd thing I must do: Make sure I hide under something like a table to protect myself from things falling on top of me.
3rd thing I must do: I must hold onto the furniture so it doesn’t move away from me during the earthquake.
1st thing I must do: I must drop to the floor and cover my head and neck with my hands.
3 Give more details about the three “things”
4 Any other advice you think useful:
If you are outside, you should ____________________________________________________________________
If you are in the living room, you should ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
keep away from power lines, trees, signs, cars and buildings.
make sure that the bookcases are fastened to the wall and the TV set is tied to a table so that they can’t move.
If you are in the house alone, you should
__________________________________
___________________________________
_____________
ring a family friend to tell them where you are and collect your personal earthquake bag.
Listening text
Practise and prepare
Ever since the San Francisco earthquake,
all children in California have been taught
what to do during an earthquake.
Part 1
Teachers: Now, students, do you remember
what we should do before an
earthquake comes
S1: We must make a list of things. It
should tell us what to do, where to be
safe and who to contact.
T: Good. So first what should we do
S2: We should “drop, cover and hold”.
T: Excellent. Now what does that mean
S1: We must drop to the floor and cover
our heads with our hands.
T: Right
S3: We must hold onto the furniture so it
doesn’t move away from us during the
earthquake.
T: Well done. So don’t forget. It’s always
“drop, cover and hold”.
Part 2
T: Now suppose you are outside when an earthquake comes. What should you do
S3: Go to an open space away from buildings, trees or power lines.
S1: I should tie the television to a table so it won’t move. I should make sure that the bookcases are already tied to the wall.
T: Fine, but what should you do if you
are alone when the earthquake starts
S2: Ring a family friend to tell them
where I am and collect my personal
earthquake bag.
T: Quite right. You’ve done a great job.
Now for your homework I want you to
think about what to put into your
earthquake bag. We’ll discuss tomorrow.(共17张PPT)
Unit 4 Reading
A Night The Earth Didn’t Sleep
What had happened in China in 2008
5.12.2008
Wenchuan, Sichuan
69,226 people were died
How much more do you know about an earthquake
What may happen in an earthquake
Many people may be killed……
People may lose their homes….
Many things may be destroyed…..
What did the government do after the earthquakes
7,28,1976 3:42 Tangshan,Hebei
Main idea of each part
Paragraph1
Paragraph2&3
Paragraph4
Signs before the earthquake.
The damage caused by the earthquake.
The recovery after the earthquake.
rise and fall, cracks, nervous, run, jump, crack and burst
began, in ruins, injured, destroyed, shocked
all hope, army, dig out, shelter, breathe
The water in the wells….
The well walls…
A smelly gas…
In the farmyards…
People saw…./heard…
In the city…
rose and fall
Para 1. Predictions of an earthquake:
cracks
come out of
nervous/ run out of/ jumped out of
light/ the sound of planes
cracked and burst
Para. Details
At _____ am, the __________ earthquake of the 20th century began .
_______ burst from holes in the ground.
Hard hills of the rock became rivers of ____.
________ covered the ground like red autumn leaves.
Two _______ and most of the bridges fell.
The railway tracks were now _________pieces of _______.
______ now filled the wells instead of water.
Water,food,and ______________ were hard to get.
2-3
Fill in the blanks
3:42
greatest
Steam
dirt
Bricks
dams
useless
steel
Sand
electricity
Para 2-3 data
nation
a huge crack cut
lay in ruins
died injured
killed injured
factories buildings homes
cows
pig
chickens dead
1/3
8km&30m
15
2/3
400,000
75% 90%
Tens of thousands of
Half a million
Millions of
How did the Chinese government do to help the people in Tangshan
Para. 4
The army sent…
The army organized…
Miners…
Shelters…
Fresh waters…
Post-reading
True ( T )or false( F ) statement :
1. Two-thirds of the nation felt the earthquake. ( )
2. All the people in Tangshan were died or
injured during the earthquake. ( )
3. All of the city’s hospitals, factories, buildings
and homes were damaged in the earthquake.( )
4. Later that afternoon, a terrible earthquake
shook Tangshan again. ( )
5. People slept outdoors after the earthquake.( )
F
F
F
T
T
One-third
Two-thirds
75%
90%
75%
consolidation
____________ happened in Tangshan. For a few days, water in the wells _____________. From the _______ of wells ___________ come out. Mice, chickens, pigs and even fish became ________. At 3a.m, everything began to ______.It seemed that the world was __________. __________ of the nation _____ it. ___________cut across the city. The city lay _______. Two-thirds of the people _____ or ___________. Then later that afternoon, another big quake _______ Tangshan. People began to wonder ____________________________. But all hope ____________. _______ came to help those ________. Slowly, the city began to ______________.
Strange things
rose and fell
cracks
a smelly gas
nervous
shake
at an end
One-third
felt
A huge crack
in ruins
died
were injured
shook
how long the disaster would last
was not lost
Soldiers
survivors
breathe again
Time:
Place:
Disaster:
Before the earthquake:
Damage:
Rescue:
On July 28, 1976
Tangshan, Hebei Province
A big earthquake
__________________happened
Many strange things
The city lay______.
More than _____________people were killed or injured
in ruins
400,000
___________soldiers were sent to help.
Most of the _______miners were rescued.
150,000
10,000
1.What does the writer means by the title “a night the earth didn’t sleep”
2. Why did the author say “ Slowly, the city began to breathe again.”
Can you answer these questions
Tang shan’s new look
The water in the wells….
The well walls…
A smelly gas…
In the farmyards…
People saw…./heard…
In the city…
1/3
8km&30m
15
2/3
400,000
75% 90%
Tens of thousands of
Half a million
Millions of
The army sent…
The army organized…
Miners…
Shelters…
Fresh waters…
Act Out(共32张PPT)
Unit 4
Language points
Language points
Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.
imagine: form a mental picture
imagine + n. /pron
imagine sb. to be
shake : vi/vt/n (shook ,shaken) 摇动，震动
shake hands with sb 与某人握手
=shake sb by the hand=shake sb’s hand
shake one’s head 摇头
shake one’s fist (at sb) 向某人挥拳
right away : at once ; in no time ; immediately
right now : at this very moment
Make up your mind___________.
I’ll return the book___________.
right now
right away
2.rise-rose-risen (vi.) 上升，升起，
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
1)上升，升起
2）站起来，起身，起床
He rose from his chair when the door bell rang.
3) （价格、温度、量等）增加，上涨，上升，增大
Prices are rising quickly
The river rose by three feet after the heavy rain.
raise-raised-raised
1)举起，抬起
Please raise your hands if you have any questions.
We raise the national flag every Monday morning.
2)抬高（价格等），提高（嗓门）
The businessmen raised the prices in order to earn
more money.
The teacher raised his voice so that everyone could
hear him.
2. The water in the village wells rose and fell.
rise: vi. (rose, risen) 升高,上涨,站起
raise: vt. 举起；提出；饲养；种植
1).He ______from his chair when the door bell rang.
2).Her job is _______chickens.
3).Her temperature is still_______.
4).He ______________in rank recently.
rose
raising
rising
has risen
3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. (Para 1, Line 3)
Smelly: adj. (smell + y)
wind---windy dream---dreamy sun---sunny
smell n./v (smelt/ smelled)
They were all hungry and the food ______good.
I can ______something burning in the kitchen.
Please throw the _______fish away.
smelt
smell
smelly
too ··· to ···=so ··· that ···=not ··· enough to
This book is too difficult for me to read.
=This book is so difficult that I can not read.
come out of / run out of/ jump out of
run out of 跑出来/ 用完，用尽
I usually run out of money at the end of every month.
4. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. (Para 1, L6)
burst: vi (burst, burst)爆裂,爆发
burst in: 突然进入（房间）
burst into sth: 突然发出
The tree burst into bloom / leaf. 树木开花/长叶。
burst out doing: 突然开始做某事
He burst into laughter.= He burst out laughing
He burst into tears.= He burst out crying.
burst sth open: 突然打开
5. It seemed as if the world…
1) as if 似乎，好像 = as though
She spoke to me as if she knew me.
她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我
似的。
2) as if 在表语从句中相当于that:
It seemed as if the meeting would never end.
看起来会议没完没了。
本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。
It seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was at an end!
It seemed that the world was __ ___ ___.
at
an
end
at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意;
by the end of 用于表示时间的场合到……结束的时候，用语过去完成时态; in the end 意思“最后、终于”。
Compare: at the end of
by the end of
in the end
Compare:
at the end of ,
by the end of ,
in the end
1. His father will return
home ______________
this year.
2. He will be a scientist
____________.
3. How many English
words had you learned
______________ last
term
at the end of
in the end
by the end of
seem link-v.似乎, 好像
1)seem+adj.
2) seem to do
这个问题看似很难,其实很简单
This problem_________________, but actually it is simple.
seems difficult
我好象以前在哪儿见到过他
I ________________________ him somewhere before.
seem to have seen
3) It seems that…
4) It seems as if…
好象一切正常
_____________________ everything is going on well.
It seems that
看来快要下雨了
_______________ it is going to rain.
It seems as if
7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. (Para 2, Line 5)
lie: v. (lay, lain) to be, remain 处于某种状态
e.g. The village lay in ruins after the war.
v. (lay, lain) 躺,位于
e.g. don’t lie in bed all morning.
v. (lied, lied) 撒谎
e.g. He lied about the reason for being late.
lay: v. (laid, laid) 产卵,下蛋,放置
e.g. He laid the book on the desk.
6. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city
lay in_____.
ruins
lie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be
kept in a certain state
in ruins : severely damaged or
destroyed
Compare: ruin ;
destroy ;
damage
①damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词,也可以用作名词,用作名词时常与to something 连用。
The accident did a lot of damage to his car.
②destroy 只能用作动词,指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解,也可以指希望、计划等打破。
The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town.
③ruin则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作 “使毁灭”、 “使崩溃”、 “弄糟”解;用作名词时,它表示 “毁灭”、 “瓦解”、 “废墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。
The fire ruined the castle.
The house has fallen into ruin.
The company is facing ruin.
The village ___in ruins after the war.
These machines have ____idle since the
factory closed.
An earthquake left the whole town_______.
His career is________.
lay
lain
in ruins
in ruins
Everywhere they looked nearly everything was_________.
destroyed
He ______ his girl friend’s prospects
ruined
Soft wood ________easily.
damages
7. Two-thirds of the people died or were _______ during the earthquake.
injured
More than 61% of the surface of the earth ____covered by water.
Seventy percent of the workers in this factory ____ young.
is
are
请根据提示完成下列句子。
1. ________ (三分之一) of the students in our class ______ (be) girls.
2. _________ (五分之三) of the soil __________ (wash) away by the flood last night.
3. ______ (一半) of the desks in this school ________ (make) in his company.
4. ______ (大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday ______ (be) interesting.
One-third
are
Three-fifths
was washed
Half
are made
Most
was
5. _________________ (数万) people _____________ (dance) in the big square now.
6. There were ____________ (一万) students taking part in the exam yesterday.
7. _________________ (百分之九十) of the mountain __________ (cover) by trees.
is covered
Tens of thousands of
are dancing
ten thousand
90% / 90 percent
Their criticisms _________him deeply.
Smoking will ________his health.
He was slightly ________in the car accident.
He got _________in the fighting.
What you said _____my feeling.
have hurt
injured
injured
wounded
hurt
Compare: injure;
hurt;
wound
injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physically
9. The number of people who were killed or
injured reached more than 400,000.
the number of…“…..的数量” 作主语时,谓语动词用单数 a number of…“很多，好些”作主语时,谓语动词用复数
The number of books in this library_____ reached 80,000 so far. A large number of books ____ stolen from the library.
has
were
reach vt. to achieve or obtain sth达成; 到达,获得
At last we reached a decision.
You’ll understand it when you reach my age. Your letter reached me last Friday.
[考点] last在此句中意为“持续，延续”。可单独使用，也可后接for +一段时间（for可以省略）。
8. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
[考例] The evening news comes on at seven o’clock and ______ only thirty minutes. (2004全国卷II)
A. keeps B. continues
C. finishes D. lasts
[点拨] 根据句意“……只持续30分钟”，排除C； keep意为“维持，保持”时，后接形容词作表语，排除A； continue指继续做某事；last指某事持续了多长时间。
9. All hope was not lost.
[考点] all...not = not all...意为“并不都……”，是部分否定。当all, both及every的合成词与not 连用时，表示部分否定；完全否定要用no, never, nowhere, none, neither, nothing， nobody等。
[考例] I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
(NMET 1997)
A. everything B. anything
C. something D. nothing
[点拨] 根据前面的“我同意你说的大部分”，暗示“我并不同意所有的”，可知是部分否定，选A。not...everything表示的是部分否定。
10. The army organized teams to dig out
those who were trapped and to bury the
dead.
dig out 挖掘；发现
bury : A. to place in the ground
B. to occupy (oneself) with deep
concentration; absorb
The dog buried the bone in the ground.
I buried myself in my studies.
bury oneself in= be buried in
devote oneself to= be devoted to
13.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。
all not = not all; some but not all.一些，但不是全部
Not all the children are left. 部分否定
(= Only some of them left early.)
Not all the children are noisy.
(= Some of the children are not noisy.)
none of ….. 全否定
None of us were allowed to go there.
None of these reports is very helpful.
否定句中有不定代词all, both, each,和含every的合成词时,表部分否定. Not可以在前面也可以在后面。
