中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Spending
Your
Money
on
Others
Brings
Happiness
Spending
as
little
as
$5
a
day
on
someone
else
could
significantly
bring
you
happiness,
the
team
at
the
University
of
British
Columbia
found.
Their
experiments
on
more
than
630
Americans
showed
they
were
measurably
happier
when
they
spent
money
on
others—
even
if
they
thought
spending
money
on
themselves
would
make
them
happier.
"We
wanted
to
test
our
theory
that
how
people
spend
their
money
is
at
least
as
important
as
how
much
money
they
earn,"
said
Elizabeth
Dunn,
a
psychologist
at
the
University
of
British
Columbia.
They
asked
their
600
volunteers
first
to
rate
their
general
happiness,
report
their
annual
income
and
detail
their
monthly
spending
including
bills,
gifts
for
themselves,
gifts
for
others
and
donations
to
charity.
"No
matter
how
much
income
each
person
made,
those
who
spent
money
on
others
reported
greater
happiness,
while
those
who
spent
more
on
themselves
did
not,"
Dunn
said
in
a
statement.
Dunn's
team
also
surveyed
16
employees
at
a
company
in
Boston
before
and
after
they
received
an
annual
profit-sharing
bonus
of
between
$3,000
and
$8,000.
"Employees
who
devoted
more
of
their
bonus
to
pro-social
spending
experienced
greater
happiness
after
receiving
the
bonus,
and
the
manner
in
which
they
spent
that
bonus
was
a
more
important
predictor
of
their
happiness
than
the
size
of
the
bonus
itself,"
they
wrote
in
their
report.
They
gave
their
volunteers
$5
or
$20
and
half
got
clear
instructions
on
how
to
spend
it.
Those
who
spent
the
money
on
someone
or
something
else
reported
feeling
happier
about
it.
"These
findings
suggest
that
very
minor
alterations
in
spending
allocations
—
as
little
as
$5
—
may
be
enough
to
produce
real
gains
in
happiness
on
a
given
day,"
Dunn
said.
【读后习题】
第
1
题
According
to
the
passage,
_______．
A.
the
more
money
you
spend
on
others,
the
happier
you
are
B.
spending
money
on
others
can
bring
you
happiness
C.
Elizabeth
Dunn
is
a
psychologist
from
Harvest
Business
School
D.
five
hundred
volunteers
took
part
in
the
experiment
第
2
题
The
16
employees
mentioned
in
the
passage
_______.
A.
were
given
clear
instructions
on
how
to
spend
the
bonus
B.
had
more
happiness
than
the
size
of
the
bonus
itself
C.
experienced
greater
happiness
after
receiving
their
bonus
D.
felt
happier
after
they
contributed
much
of
the
bonus
to
charities
第
3
题
Dunn’s
statement
suggested
that
_______.
A.
those
who
spent
money
on
others
felt
happier
no
matter
how
much
they
earned
B.
those
who
spent
more
money
on
themselves
felt
happier
C.
people
thought
spending
money
could
make
themselves
happier
D.
the
money
spent
was
as
important
as
the
money
earned
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Spending
Your
Money
on
Others
Brings
Happiness
Spending
as
little
as
$5
a
day
on
someone
else
could
significantly
bring
you
happiness,
the
team
at
the
University
of
British
Columbia
found.
Their
experiments
on
more
than
630
Americans
showed
they
were
measurably
happier
when
they
spent
money
on
others—
even
if
they
thought
spending
money
on
themselves
would
make
them
happier.
每天在别人身上花5美元就能给你带来不小的快乐，这是不列颠哥伦比亚大学研究小组的发现。他们对630多名美国人进行了实验，实验结果表明，当他们把钱花在别人身上时，他们明显更快乐；即使他们认为把钱花在自己身上会让他们更快乐。
"We
wanted
to
test
our
theory
that
how
people
spend
their
money
is
at
least
as
important
as
how
much
money
they
earn,"
said
Elizabeth
Dunn,
a
psychologist
at
the
University
of
British
Columbia.
“我们想验证我们的理论，即人们如何花钱起码和他们赚多少钱一样重要。”不列颠哥伦比亚大学的心理学家伊丽莎白·邓恩说。
They
asked
their
600
volunteers
first
to
rate
their
general
happiness,
report
their
annual
income
and
detail
their
monthly
spending
including
bills,
gifts
for
themselves,
gifts
for
others
and
donations
to
charity.
他们首先让600名志愿者对自己的总体幸福感进行评估，报告他们的年收入，并详细列出他们每月的支出情况，包括账单、给自己的礼物、给他人的礼物以及对慈善机构的捐赠。
"No
matter
how
much
income
each
person
made,
those
who
spent
money
on
others
reported
greater
happiness,
while
those
who
spent
more
on
themselves
did
not,"
Dunn
said
in
a
statement.
邓恩在一份声明中说：“不管每个人的收入有多少，为别人花钱的人表示感到更快乐，而为自己花钱更多的人却不是如此。”
Dunn's
team
also
surveyed
16
employees
at
a
company
in
Boston
before
and
after
they
received
an
annual
profit-sharing
bonus
of
between
$3,000
and
$8,000.
邓恩的团队还对波士顿一家公司的16名员工进行了调查，考察了他们在获得3000美元至8000美元的年度分红前后的情况。
"Employees
who
devoted
more
of
their
bonus
to
pro-social
spending
experienced
greater
happiness
after
receiving
the
bonus,
and
the
manner
in
which
they
spent
that
bonus
was
a
more
important
predictor
of
their
happiness
than
the
size
of
the
bonus
itself,"
they
wrote
in
their
report.
“将更多奖金用于亲社会行为的员工在拿到奖金后会更快乐，而他们花奖金的方式比奖金本身的多少更能预示他们的幸福感。”
他们在报告中写道。
They
gave
their
volunteers
$5
or
$20
and
half
got
clear
instructions
on
how
to
spend
it.
Those
who
spent
the
money
on
someone
or
something
else
reported
feeling
happier
about
it.
他们给志愿者5美元或20美元，其中一半人得到了明确指示该如何花掉这笔钱。那些把钱花在别人身上或其他事情上的人说他们感到更快乐。
"These
findings
suggest
that
very
minor
alterations
in
spending
allocations
—
as
little
as
$5
—
may
be
enough
to
produce
real
gains
in
happiness
on
a
given
day,"
Dunn
said.
邓恩说：“这些研究结果表明，在特定某一天里，只需稍稍改变一下支出分配，哪怕只有5美元，就足以让人真正感到快乐。”
【读后习题】
第
1
题
According
to
the
passage,
_______．正确答案
B
A.
the
more
money
you
spend
on
others,
the
happier
you
are
B.
spending
money
on
others
can
bring
you
happiness
C.
Elizabeth
Dunn
is
a
psychologist
from
Harvest
Business
School
D.
five
hundred
volunteers
took
part
in
the
experiment
习题答疑
Spending
as
little
as
$5
a
day
on
someone
else
could
significantly
bring
you
happiness,
the
team
at
the
University
of
British
Columbia
found.
文章开头两段讲到，研究发现，每天在别人身上花5美元就能给人带来不小的快乐。因此，B选项（在别人身上花钱会给你带来快乐）正确。
A选项（在别人身上花钱越多，你越快乐）文章并未提及，因此排除。C选项称Elizabeth
Dunn是哈佛商学院的心理学家。而文章对Elizabeth
Dunn的描述是“a
psychologist
at
the
University
of
British
Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学的心理学家）”。因此，排除C选项。D选项（五百人参与了该试验）也排除，因为文章提到“Their
experiments
on
more
than
630
Americans
showed...”
综上所述，本题答案选B:
spending
money
on
others
can
bring
you
happiness。
第
2
题
The
16
employees
mentioned
in
the
passage
_______.
正确答案
D
A.
were
given
clear
instructions
on
how
to
spend
the
bonus
B.
had
more
happiness
than
the
size
of
the
bonus
itself
C.
experienced
greater
happiness
after
receiving
their
bonus
D.
felt
happier
after
they
contributed
much
of
the
bonus
to
charities
习题答疑
Dunn's
team
also
surveyed
16
employees
at
a
company
in
Boston…
"Employees
who
devoted
more
of
their
bonus
to
pro-social
spending
experienced
greater
happiness
after
receiving
the
bonus,
and
the
manner
in
which
they
spent
that
bonus
was
a
more
important
predictor
of
their
happiness
than
the
size
of
the
bonus
itself,"
they
wrote
in
their
report.
They
gave
their
volunteers
$5
or
$20
and
half
got
clear
instructions
on
how
to
spend
it.
从上面第2段内容可知，将更多奖金用于利社会行为的员工在拿到奖金后会更快乐。这一描述和答案D（将大部分奖金用于慈善事业的人感到更快乐）符合。
选项B（感到比奖金本身大小还多的快乐）和选项C（拿到奖金后感到更快乐）断章取义，将感到快乐的条件（devoted
more
of
their
bonus
to
pro-social
spending）去除，因此排除。
从上面第4段内容可知，只有一半人得到了明确指示该如何花掉这笔钱。因此答案A（全部得到明确指示…）排除。
综上所述，本题答案选D:
felt
happier
after
they
contributed
much
of
the
bonus
to
charities。
第
3
题
Dunn’s
statement
suggested
that
_______.
正确答案
A
A.
those
who
spent
money
on
others
felt
happier
no
matter
how
much
they
earned
B.
those
who
spent
more
money
on
themselves
felt
happier
C.
people
thought
spending
money
could
make
themselves
happier
D.
the
money
spent
was
as
important
as
the
money
earned
习题答疑
"No
matter
how
much
income
each
person
made,
those
who
spent
money
on
others
reported
greater
happiness,
while
those
who
spent
more
on
themselves
did
not,"
Dunn
said
in
a
statement.
根据题干关键词Dunn's
statement（陈述、声明），将答案来源锁定在上面一段内容。
本段讲，邓恩在一份声明中说：“不管每个人的收入有多少，为别人花钱的人表示感到更快乐，而为自己花钱更多的人却不是如此。”
答案A和以上说法完全符合。因此本题答案选A:
those
who
spent
money
on
others
felt
happier
no
matter
how
much
they
earned。
【深度讲解】
Spending
as
little
as
$5
a
day
on
someone
else
could
significantly
bring
you
happiness,
the
team
at
the
University
of
British
Columbia
found.
重点词汇词组
as…as…
（用于比较）像…一样…；和…一样…
as+adj.+as
Her
skin
is
as
white
as
snow.
她的肌肤像雪一样白。
as+adv.+as
He
runs
as
fast
as
Mike
does.
他跑得像迈克一样快。
Their
experiments
on
more
than
630
Americans
showed
they
were
measurably
happier
when
they
spent
money
on
others—
even
if
they
thought
spending
money
on
themselves
would
make
them
happier.
重点词汇词组
measurably
adv.
明显地；显著地
e.g.
Working
conditions
have
changed
measurably
in
the
last
ten
years.
在过去的十年里，工作条件发生了明显的变化。
even
if
即使；纵然
e.g.
Even
if
someone
breaks
your
heart,
there
is
always
someone
willing
to
mend
it.
即使有人让你心碎,总有人愿意修补它。
Justice
must
be
done
even
if
the
sky
falls.
即使天塌了，也要伸张正义。
even
though
虽然；尽管
辨析：even
if
表示即使会发生某事（还未发生），而even
though
表示虽然已经发生了某事。
e.g.
Even
though
he
was
getting
angry,
his
voice
remained
level.
即使他生气了，他的声音还是很平静。
"We
wanted
to
test
our
theory
that
how
people
spend
their
money
is
at
least
as
important
as
how
much
money
they
earn,"
said
Elizabeth
Dunn,
a
psychologist
at
the
University
of
British
Columbia.
句子解析
本句基本结构为“主+谓+宾”，“that
how…”为theory的同位语从句，解释说明了theory的内容，其结构可再划分为：
that
how
people
spend
their
money
is
at
least
as
important
as
how
much
money
they
earn.
其基本结构为“主+系+表”，其中主语为how引导的主语从句；“as
how
much…”为比较状语从句。
重点词汇词组
earn
①
v.
挣得；赚得；挣钱
e.g.
Businesswomen
can
earn
high
salaries
in
Los.
在洛杉矶，女商人可以挣得高薪。
earn
a
living
谋生
earn
a
fortune
赚大钱；发大财
②
v.
赢得；博得
e.g.
Romsey
earned
high
praise
from
his
boss.
罗姆西赢得了老板的高度赞扬。
They
asked
their
600
volunteers
first
to
rate
their
general
happiness,
report
their
annual
income
and
detail
their
monthly
spending
including
bills,
gifts
for
themselves,
gifts
for
others
and
donations
to
charity.
重点词汇词组
rate
①
v.
评价；评估；估价
e.g.
They
rated
him
highly
as
a
colleague.
作为同事，他们对他评价很高。
He
is
highly
rated
as
a
poet.
他作为一名诗人受到了很高的评价。
②
v.
划分等级；分等
e.g.
The
schools
were
rated
according
to
their
exam
results.
这些学校是按考试成绩排名次的。
③
n.
速度；进度；比率；率；价格；费用
detail
①
v.
详细说明；详述
e.g.
The
report
detailed
the
human
rights
abuses
committed
during
the
war.
报告详细叙述了战争期间发生的侵犯人权事件。
②
n.
细节；细微之处；详细情况；（某事物的）资料；信息
e.g.
I
want
to
know
more
about
it
in
detail.
我想多了解一些细节。
She
told
me
every
detail
of
her
trip.
她把她旅行的每一个细节都告诉了我。
"No
matter
how
much
income
each
person
made,
those
who
spent
money
on
others
reported
greater
happiness,
while
those
who
spent
more
on
themselves
did
not,"
Dunn
said
in
a
statement.
【句子解析】
状No
matter
how
much
income
each
person
made,
主those
定who
spent
money
on
others
谓reported
宾greater
happiness,
while
主those
定who
spent
more
on
themselves
谓did
not
.
本句为基本结构为“主1+谓1+宾1，while+主2+谓2”，其中while为并列连词，意为“然而；而”，表示前后关系的对比或转折；“no
matter
how…”为让步状语从句，“who
spent
money
on…”为定语从句修饰第一个those，“who
spent
more
on…”为定语从句，修饰第二个those。
重点词汇词组
No
matter
how
无论如何…；不管怎样…
e.g.
No
matter
how
hard
it
is,
just
keep
going
because
you
only
fail
when
you
give
up.
不管有多难，都要坚持下去，因为只有当你放弃的时候，你才会失败。
06．
"Employees
who
devoted
more
of
their
bonus
to
pro-social
spending
experienced
greater
happiness
after
receiving
the
bonus,
and
the
manner
in
which
they
spent
that
bonus
was
a
more
important
predictor
of
their
happiness
than
the
size
of
the
bonus
itself,"
they
wrote
in
their
report.
句子解析
主Employees
定who
devoted
more
of
their
bonus
to
pro-social
spending
谓experienced
宾greater
happiness
状after
receiving
the
bonus,
and
主the
manner
定in
which
they
spent
that
bonus
谓was
宾a
more
important
predictor
of
their
happiness
状than
the
size
of
the
bonus
itself.
本句为and连接的两个并列句，前一句基本结构为“主+谓+宾”，“who
devoted…”为定语从句，修饰主语employees；后一句基本结构为“主+系+表”，“in
which
they…”为定语从句，修饰主语manner，“than
the
size…”为比较状语从句。
重点词汇词组
devote
v.
致力；献身；倾注（时间、精力等）
e.g.
He
decided
to
devote
the
rest
of
his
life
to
scientific
investigation.
他决定将余生奉献给科学研究。
She
gave
up
work
to
devote
more
time
to
her
children.
她放弃工作，把更多的时间花在孩子身上。
experience
①
v.
经历；经受；遭受；感受；体会；体验
e.g.
It
was
the
first
time
she
had
experienced
real
fear.
这是她第一次体验到真正的恐惧。
He's
a
man
who
has
experienced
suffering.
他是一个经历过苦难的人。
②
n.
经验；实践；经力；阅历；体验
07.
"These
findings
suggest
that
very
minor
alterations
in
spending
allocations
—
as
little
as
$5
—
may
be
enough
to
produce
real
gains
in
happiness
on
a
given
day,"
Dunn
said.
重点词汇词组
suggest
①
v.
建议；提议
suggest
(that)
e.g.
I
suggest
that
you
take
a
taxi.
我建议你坐出租车。
suggest
doing
Charles
suggested
going
for
a
picnic,
and
we
all
agreed.
查尔斯提议去野餐，我们都同意了。
②
v.
表明；显示
e.g.
A
recent
poll
suggests
some
surprising
changes
in
public
opinion.
最近的一项民意调查显示，公众舆论发生了一些令人惊讶的变化。
③
v.
暗示；暗指
e.g.
Are
you
suggesting
I
look
fat
in
these
trousers?
你是在暗示我穿这条裤子看起来很胖吗?
alteration
n.
变动；改动；改变；变更
e.g.
We
will
have
to
make
a
slight
alteration
to
the
plans.
我们将不得不对计划稍加修改。
The
dress
will
not
need
much
alteration.
这件裙子不需要太多修改。
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