高中英语人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists课件（6份打包）

(共19张PPT)
UNIT
1　SCIENCE
AND
SCIENTISTS
美
文
导
入
素养解读：培养探究科学、崇尚科学的精神和正确的科学观；了解科学的本质和科学家的特质；懂得科学探究的基本步骤和要素；培养发散性思维和综合运用语言的能力；能够对科学家及其所从事的科研工作进行描述、发表看法，并针对自己的个性特长和兴趣专长，畅谈自己的职业志向和人生规划。
主题：科学
学科素养：人与自然
难度系数：★★★
[语篇导读]爱迪生，大家都熟悉吧！本文介绍了天才发明家爱迪生关于思考和工作的一些观点。让我们来一起了解一下吧！
Thomas
Edison
was
one
of
ten
said
to
be
the
greatest
genius①of
his
age.
【1】There
are
only
a
few
men
in
all
of
the
history,
who
have
changed
the
lives
of
other
men
as
much
as
the
inventor②
of
the
first
useful
electric
light.
But
Edison
could
never
be
happy
only
because
someone
said
he
was
a
genius.
【2】He
said
what
people
called
genius
was
mostly
hard
work.
But
Edison
was
a
dreamer
as
well
as③a
worker.
From
his
earliest
days
as
a
child
he
wondered
about
the
secrets
of
nature.
He
tried
to
understand
the
secrets;
then,
he
tried
to
learn
what
could
usefully
be
done
with
them.
Edison
enjoyed
thinking.
He
knew
that
most
people
will
do
almost
anything
instead
of④
the
difficult
work
of
thinking,
especially⑤
if
they
do
not
think
very
often.
But
he
knew,
too,
that
thinking
can
give
men
enjoyment
and
pleasure.
Edison
could
not
understand
how
anyone
could
be
uninterested⑥
in
life.
As
he
loved
to
think,
he
also
loved
to
work.
On
the
day
he
became
75
years
old,
someone
asked
him
what
ideas
he
had
about
life.
“Work，”
he
answered.
“Discovering
the
secrets
of
nature
and
using
them
to
make
men
happier.
”
He
said
he
had
enough
inventions
in
his
mind
to
give
him
another
100
years⑦
of
work.
【1】There
are
only
a
few
men
in
all
of
the
history,
who
have
changed
the
lives
of
other
men
as
much
as
the
inventor
of
the
first
useful
electric
light.
○句型精析
分析：“who
have
changed
the
lives
of
other
men
as
much
as
the
inventor
of
the
first
useful
electric
light”是who引导的定语从句修饰前面的名词a
few
men。“in
all
of
the
history”为there
be句型里的时间状语。
译文：在整个历史上，像发明第一台实用电灯那样改变别人生活的人很少。
【2】He
said
what
people
called
genius
was
mostly
hard
work.
分析：“what
people
called
genius
was
mostly
hard
work”为he
said的宾语从句；在宾语从句中，“what
people
called
genius”为从句的主语，what作call的宾语。
译文：他说，人们所说的天才大多是努力工作。
①genius
/'d?i?ni?s/
n．天才；天资；天赋
②inventor
/?n'vent?/
n．发明家
③as
well
as
既……又……；除……之外(也);
此外
④instead
of代替；作为……的替换
⑤especially
/?'spe??li/
adv.
尤其；特别；专门
⑥uninterested
/?n'?ntr?st?d/
adj.
不感兴趣的
⑦another
100
years
另外100年
○课标词汇
单句语法填空
1．A
sudden
stop
can
be
a
very
frightening
experience,
_____________(especial)
if
you
are
travelling
at
high
speed.
2．After
the
trip,
my
family
became
quite
_______________
(不感兴趣的)
in
camping.
○词汇突击
完成句子
3．I
am
in
Grade
1
now,
I’ll
study
here
for
___________.
我现在在一年级，我将在这里再学习三年。
4．The
weather
in
England
is
very
changeable
and
it
attracts
the
English
________________
the
outsiders.
英国的天气多变，它吸引了英国人和外来者。
【答案】1．especially　2．uninterested
3．another
three
years　4．as
well
as
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
能够理解并掌握名词性从句中的表语从句；
通过课文学习，了解如何进行科学研究，体验科学家的精神品质并进行描述；
通过学习新的词汇和句子，掌握表达有趣的科学经历的常用语言结构；
熟悉科学精神的文体结构，能够快速获取信息。
【素养提升】
通过了解科学家的生活经历，培养自己分析问题和解决问题的能力；
能够写一篇与科学精神相关的应用文；
感悟科学家的周密观察，勇于探索，培养自己的科学精神，用自己的知识为人类服务。(共23张PPT)
UNIT
1　SCIENCE
AND
SCIENTISTS
单元要点回顾
知识要点
重点内容
阅读词汇
1．contradictory
adj.
__________________________
2．germ
n．
_____________________
3．household
n．
_____________________
4．intervention
n．
_____________________
5．substantial
adj.
_____________________
6．microscope
n．
_____________________
7．protein
n．
_____________________
相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的　
微生物；细菌；病菌　
一家人；家庭；同住一所房子的人　
介入；出面；干涉　
大量的；价值巨大的；重大的　
显微镜　
蛋白质　
知识要点
重点内容
阅读词汇
8．cell
n．
____________________________
9．virus
n．
________________
10．finding
n．
____________________________
11．vaccine
n．
________________
12．rainbow
n．
________________
13．concrete
n．
____________
adj.
________________________
14．telescope
n．
________________
细胞；小房间；单间小牢房　
病毒　
发现；调查结果；判决　
疫苗　
彩虹　
混凝土　
混凝土制的；确实的；具体的　
望远镜　
知识要点
重点内容
写作词汇
1．__________
n．证据；证明；检验
2．__________
adj.
数量多的；各种各样的
3．__________
vt.
&vi.
怀疑；不信任
n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
4．__________
vt.
把……归咎于；责怪；指责
n．责备；指责
5．__________
n．把手；拉手；柄
vt.
处理；操纵；搬动
proof　
multiple　
suspect　
blame　
handle　
知识要点
重点内容
写作词汇
6．__________
n．联系；纽带
vt.
把……连接起来；相关联
7．__________
adj.
未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的
8．__________
adj.
干净的；纯的；纯粹的
9．__________
n．减少；降低；减少量
vt.
&vi.
减少；减小；降低
10．__________
n．统计数字；统计资料；统计学
link　
raw　
pure　
decrease　
statistic　
知识要点
重点内容
写作词汇
11．__________
vt.
使改观；使改变形态
vi.
改变；转变
12．__________
n．思想；思维；见解
13．__________
adj.
可靠的；固体的；坚实的
n．固体
14．__________
vt.
投射；投掷
15．__________
n．阴影；影子；背光处
transform　
thinking　
solid　
cast　
shadow　
知识要点
重点内容
写作词汇
16．__________
vt.
倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)
17．__________
n．领导；领导地位；领导才能
18．__________
vt.
追溯；追踪；查出
n．痕迹；遗迹；踪迹
19．__________
adj.
优秀的；杰出的；明显的
20．__________
adj.
抽象的；理性的n.
摘要
21．__________
n．概念；观念
pour　
leadership　
trace　
outstanding　
abstract　
concept　
知识要点
重点内容
写作词汇
22．__________
prep.
除……之外(还)
adv.
而且；此外
23．__________
adj.
聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
24．__________
adv.
此外；再者
25．__________
n．弱点；过错
26．__________
n．改变；转换；轮班
vi.
&vt.
转移；挪动；转向
besides　
brilliant　
furthermore　
fault　
shift　
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
1．________
adj.
极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的
→__________
adv.
严厉的；严重地
2．__________
v．使沮丧
→__________
adj.
懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的
3．__________
vt.
感染
→__________
n．感染
→__________
adj.
感染的
severe　
severely　
frustrate　
frustrated　
infect　
infection　
infectious　
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
4．__________
vi.
认购；订购
→__________
n．同意；订购
5．__________
adj.
最初的；开始的；第一的
→__________adv.
最初地；开始
6．__________
vt.
保卫；防守；辩解
→__________
n．保卫；防护
subscribe　
subscription　
initial　
initially　
defend　
defence　
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
7．__________
v．帮助
→__________
n．帮助
→__________
n．助手
8．__________
n．礼物；天赋
→__________
adj.
有天赋的；天才的
9．__________
adj.
稳定的；平稳的；稳步的
→__________
adv.
稳定地；平稳地
assist　
assistance　
assistant　
gift　
gifted　
steady　
steadily　
知识要点
重点内容
拓展词汇
10．__________
n．天文学
→___________n．天文学家
11．__________
adj.
生动的；鲜明的；丰富的
→__________
adv.
生动地；强烈地
astronomy　
astronomer　
vivid　
vividly　
知识要点
重点内容
重点短语
1．最终地；彻底地
__________________
2．被感染
__________________
3．同意；赞同
__________________
4．水泵
__________________
5．怀疑……
__________________
once
and
for
all　　
be
infected
with　
subscribe
to　
water
pump　
suspect...
of...　　
知识要点
重点内容
重点短语
6．被责备
__________________
7．幸亏；由于
__________________
8．突然开始；爆发
__________________
9．主管；掌管
__________________
10．患(病)；染上(小病)
__________________
11．最重要的是；尤其是
__________________
be
to
blame　
thanks
to　
break
out　
in
charge
of　
come
down　
above
all　
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
1．这个女人似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水，所以她每天都让人把水送到家里来。
_____________________the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
It
seemed
that　
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
2．通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售洁净水，见证了霍乱对于世界各地的威胁大幅减少。
Through
Snow’s
tireless
efforts,
water
companies
began
to
sell
clean
water,
and
the
threat
of
cholera
around
the
world
________
a
substantial
decrease.
saw　
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
3．此外，通过使用地图和统计数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
Moreover,
in
his
use
of
maps
and
statistics,
Snow
transformed____________
scientists
study
diseases.
the
way　
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
4．许多科学家认为是人类活动造成了全球变暖。
Many
scientists
subscribe
to
the
view
that
_________
human
activity
________
has
caused
global
warming.
it
is　
that　
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
5．引起感冒的病毒不仅种类繁多，而且转化迅速，这意味着它们可以迅速产生抗药性。
Cold?causing
viruses
are__________
of
multiple
kinds,
they
__________
transform
rapidly,
meaning
they
can
quickly
develop
resistance
to
medicine.
not
only　
also　
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
6．当被问到“我们中国人能制造导弹吗？”，他坚决地回答：“为什么不呢？我们中国人能做别人做的东西。”
______________“Can
we
Chinese
possibly
make
missiles？”，
his
reply
was
a
determined
“Why
not？We
Chinese
are
able
to
make
the
same
things
that
other
people
make.
”
When
asked　
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
7．《钱学森的故事》的作者们把他描述为一个具有“伟大的科学思想和科学精神”的人，他以自己的努力、成就和献身精神爱国报国，是一个非常受人尊敬的人。
______________the
authors
of
the
Story
of
Qian
Xuesen
as
a
man
with
“great
scientific
thought
and
scientific
spirit”
who
was
patriotic
and
served
his
homeland
with
effort,
achievement,
and
devoted,
Qian
was
an
extremely
well?respected
man.
Described
by　
知识要点
重点内容
重点句式
8．在钱的领导下，中国发展了东风导弹，接着是第一代长征火箭。
Under
Qian’s
leadership,
China
developed
the
Dongfeng
missiles,
_____________
the
first
generation
of
Long
March
rockets.
9．好像科学就在我们身边。
It
seems
__________science
is
all
around
us.
重点语法
表语从句(predicative
clause)
followed
by　
as
if　(共42张PPT)
UNIT
1　SCIENCE
AND
SCIENTISTS
Period
Four　Assessing
Your
Progress－Video
Time
课前自主预习
¤重点单词
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
1
vivid
/'v?v?d/
adj.
?
生动的；鲜明的；丰富的
?
1．place
sth.
under
the
microscope
__________________
2．even
though
__________________
3．write
down
____________________
4．come
to
a
conclusion
____________________
5．look
for
____________________
¤重点词块
把某物放在显微镜下　
即使　
写下　
得出结论　
寻找　
6．采取新的测试
____________________
7．从……受益
____________________
8．好像
____________________
9．更好的理解……
________________________________
10．提出；想出
____________________
take
new
measurements　
benefit
from...　　
as
if/though　
get/have
a
better
understanding
of...　
come
up
with　
1．(P10)It
seems
__________________(好像)science
is
all
around
us.
(it
seems
as
if...
)
2．(P10)__________________(重要的是)
is
not
only
what
they
observe
in
the
world
around
them
and
what
questions
they
ask,
but
also
how
they
use
evidence
or
data
to
answer
the
questions.
(名词性从句中的主语从句)
¤重点句式
3．(P10)People
__________________(好奇的人们)
usually
have
a
mixture
of
seemingly
contradictory
desires.
(定语从句)
【答案】1．as
if　2．What
matters　3．who
are
curious
课堂新知讲练
1．conclusion
n．结论
(P10)Some
of
the
key
issues
that
scientists
face
are
what
calculations
they
do
and
how
they
analyse
their
data
to
draw
conclusions
about
the
questions
they
ask.
【翻译】科学家面临的一些关键问题是，他们进行了哪些计算，以及如何分析他们的数据，从而就他们提出的问题得出结论。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)conclude
sth.
with
sb.
/sth.
就某事与某人达成协议
conclude
sth.
from...
从……推断出……
to
conclude
总而言之
【用法详解】
(2)conclude
sth.
with
sth.
以……结束……
conclude
sth.
by
doing
sth.
以……结束……
(3)arrive
at/come
to/
draw/
make/
reach
a
conclusion
得出结论
in
conclusion
总之；最后
Aristotle
concluded
that
heavy
objects
always
fell
faster
than
light
ones．
亚里士多德推断出重物总比轻物下落得快。
They
came
to
a
conclusion
that
it
was
a
thief
who
had
stolen
their
diamond
necklace．
他们断定是小偷偷走了他们的钻石项链。
【易混辨析】
conclude
“结束，终止”，较正式，常用于社交、会议等正式场合。
complete
常指经历长时间之后“完成，结束”，其后可接建筑、
工程、书籍等名词。
finish
作“结束，完成”讲时一般可与
complete
换用，但不及
complete
正式，可接动名词作宾语。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He
concluded
________
their
remarks
that
they
were
not
in
favor
of
the
plan．
(2)He
concluded
his
speech
________
a
famous
saying：no
pains,
no
gains．
完成句子
(3)_____________,
good
interpersonal
skills
are
a
must
for
our
future
social
life．
总之，良好的人际交往技巧对我们未来的社会生活是必需的。
【答案】(1)from　(2)with　(3)In
conclusion
2．benefit
from从……中受益
(P10)This
is
because
they
want
everyone
to
benefit
from
their
work!
【翻译】这是因为他们希望每个人都能从他们的工作中受益！
benefit
v．&n．有助于；受益；利益；好处
benefit
from/by…从……中受益
for
the
benefit
of…为了……(的利益)
be
beneficial
to
sth．/sb．
(＝be
of
benefit
to
sth．/sb．)
对……有益
【用法详解】
I
am
sure
everyone
will
benefit
a
lot
from
this
activity．
我相信每个人都会从这次活动中受益良多。
Today
we
benefit
from
countless
inventions
and
innovations．
今天，我们受益于无数的发明和创新。
Using
computers
properly
has
a
beneficial
effect
on
children’s
learning．
合理使用计算机对孩子们的学习有益。
The
agreement
signed
between
China
and
Finland
in
April,2017
would
be
beneficial
to
the
economic
and
social
development
of
the
two
countries．
2017年4月中国和芬兰之间签订的协议将对两国的经济和社会发展有益。
【语境串记】
The
new
railway
benefits
this
area
in
many
ways．Especially，it
is
more
beneficial
to
the
local
people．For
the
benefit
of
more
people，we
should
build
more
railways．
这条新铁路使这个地区在许多方面受益。特别是，它对当地人民更有益。为了更多的人的利益，我们应该修建更多的铁路。
【针对练习】
单句填空
(1)The
doctor
told
him
a
good
diet
was
beneficial
______________
his
health．
句型转换
(2)The
new
rules
will
be
beneficial
to
every
employee
in
the
firm．
＝The
new
rules
will
be_____________to
every
employee
in
the
firm．
完成句子
(3)Reading
a
lot
__________________your
English．
多读书对提高英语有好处。
【答案】(1)to　(2)of
benefit　(3)is
beneficial
to
improving
(P10)It
seems
as
if
science
is
all
around
us．
【翻译】似乎科学就在我们身边。
【句式剖析】
本句是as
if引导的状语从句，as
if＝as
though
“似乎是；好像是”。as
if/as
though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，可用陈述语气。
◇句式解读
as
though的意义和用法与as
if相同，意为“似乎；好像”，用来引导方式状语从句，如果从句表示的情况是事实，使用陈述语气，主句的谓语多为look,
seem,
taste,
smell,
sound等词；如果从句表示的情况不是事实，则用虚拟语气，形式如下：
【归纳拓展】
(1)从句的动词在时间上与主句动词同时发生，从句动词用过去时。
(2)从句的动词在时间上先于主句的动词发生，从句的动词用had
done。
(3)从句的动词在时间上比主句的动词晚发生，从句的动词用would/could/might＋do。
It
seems
as
though
it
were
spring
already．
好像已经是春天了。
He
likes
to
talk
big
as
if/though
he
was
an
important
person．
他老爱说大话，就仿佛他是一位要人似的。
Papa
was
thinking
about
what
was
said,
as
if
the
salvation
of
the
world
would
depend
upon
it．
爸爸正在考虑说什么，好像拯救世界就靠他说的话一样。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He
opened
his
mouth
as
if______________
(say)
something．
(2)He
behaved
as
if
nothing__________________(happen)．
完成句子
(3)She
speaks
English
so
fluently
as
if_____________in
America．
她英语说得很流利，好像在美国学过似的。
(4)He
behaved
________________
nothing
had
happened．
他表现得若无其事。
【答案】(1)to
say　(2)had
happened
(3)she
had
studied
English　(4)as
if
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The
players
______________
(select)
from
the
whole
country
are
expected
to
bring
us
honor
in
this
summer
game．
2．Brian
is
gifted
in
______________(write)
music;
he
is
very
likely
to
be
a
Beethoven．
3．This
phenomenon
is
neither
good
______________bad;
it
is
a
fact
of
college
life,
today
and
in
the
past．
4．The
boy
made
trouble
for
his
teacher
because
he
was
accused
______________
destroying
property．
5．I
was
about
to
go
to
bed
______________
the
telephone
rang．
6．That
evening,
______________
I
will
tell
you
more
about
later,
I
ended
up
working
very
late．
7．If
you’re
______________(will)to
build
trust
in
a
relationship
again，we
have
some
steps
you
can
take
to
get
you
there.
8．They
speak
English
not
only
in
class
______________in
the
dormitory.
9．Their
personal
life
was
regularly
discussed
by
people
who
did
not
know
them
but
talked
as
if
they
______________
(be)
close
friends.
10．We
don’t
know
the
reason
why
they
have
broken
______________
with
each
other.
【答案】1．selected　2．writing　3．nor　4．of　5．when　6．which　7．willing　8．but　9．were　10．up
4．A
lot
of
questions
____________________
at
the
meeting，which
made
things
more
complicated.
5．If
you
want
to
make
progress
in
your
study,
______________________，
you
must
be
strict
with
yourself.
【答案】1．get
along
well
with　2．broke
down
3．In
addition　4．came
up　5．above
all
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．I
felt
a
little
dizzy，_____________I
had
just
woken
from
a
long
sleep.
我觉得有点头晕，好像刚从长睡中醒来。
2．Team
leaders
must
ensure
that
all
members
__________
______________
their
natural
desire
to
avoid
the
embarrassment
associated
with
making
mistakes.
团队领导必须确保所有的成员克服他们的本能欲望以避免因犯错而带来的尴尬。
3．Native
English
speakers
can
understand
each
other
_____________they
don’t
speak
the
same
kind
of
English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相理解。
4．Sometimes
it
is
kindness
______________
plays
a
more
significant
role
in
our
life.
有时在生活中更有意义的是善举而不是成绩。
5．Don’t
use
words,
expressions
or
phrases_____________
with
specific
knowledge.
不要使用只有具有特定知识的人才知道的词汇、表达或短语。
【答案】1．as
if/though　2．get
over　3．even
if/though
4．rather
than
grade
that　5．known
only
to
people(共169张PPT)
UNIT
1　SCIENCE
AND
SCIENTISTS
Period
Three　Using
Language
课前自主预习
(Talking
about
scientific
phenomena)
Ⅰ．Translation
Try
to
translate
and
remember
the
following
useful
expressions：
1．...
can/can’t
exist
in
the
form
of
a
solid/gas
and
a
liquid/plasma...
_______________________________________
¤SPEAKING
2．...
is
both
a
...
and
a
...
at
the
same
time...
_______________________________________
3．How
light/sound
is
reflected...
_______________________________________
4．...
the
existence
of
other...
_______________________________________
5．This
occurs
when...
_______________________________________
6．If
you...
,
it
will
become...
______________________________________________
7．That
demonstrates...
______________________________________________
8．This
experiment/research
shows...
______________________________________________
9．Through
this,
we
know
that...
______________________________________________
10．We
can
prove
that...
______________________________________________
11．This
evidence
proves...
______________________________________________
Ⅱ．Read,
translate
and
recite
Read
and
translate
the
following
sentences
and
then
recite
them
1．As
time
went
on,
Einstein’s
theory
proved
to
be
correct.
____________________________________
2．When
a
new
product
comes
into
being,
it
must
be
tested
out
before
it
is
put
into
use.
____________________________________
【答案】
1．……可以/不能以固体/气体和液体/等离子体的形式存在……
2．同时既是一……也是一……
3．光/声是如何反射的……
4．……其他的存在……
5．这发生在……(时候)
6．如果你……，它就会变成……
7．这展示了……
8．这个实验/研究显示……
9．通过这个，我们知道……
10．我们可以证明……
11．这个证据证明……
3．China
has
become
the
third
country
in
the
world
that
has
conducted
extra?vehicular
activity
in
space,
which
is
another
milestone
on
China’s
space
journey.
____________________________________
4．It
costs
billions
of
dollars
to
carry
out
the
space
research,
with
little
information
brought
back.
____________________________________
5．With
the
rapid
development
of
science
and
technology,
a
variety
of
high?tech
products
have
spilled
over
into
each
field
in
living.
____________________________________
【答案】
1．随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论被证明是正确的。
2．当有新产品问世时，在投入使用之前，一定要进行检验。
3．中国成为世界上第三个可以在太空进行舱外活动的国家，这是中国太空之旅的又一个里程碑。
4．人类花费数十亿美元用于太空研究，但收效甚微。
5．随着科学技术的迅速发展，各种各样的高科技产品渗透到生活中的各个领域。
¤重点单词
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
1
cast
?
vt.
?
投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷
2
shadow
?
n.
?
阴影；影子；背光处
3
rainbow
?
n.
?
彩虹
4
pour
?
vt.
?
倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)
5
concrete
?
n.
adj.
?
混凝土
混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
6
mechanic
/m?'k?n?k/
n.
?
机械师；机械修理工
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
7
defend
/d?'fend/
vt.
?
保卫；防守；辩解
8
assistant
/?'s?st?nt/
n.
?
助理；助手
9
missile
/'m?sa?l/
n.
?
导弹
10
leadership
/'li?d???p/
n.
?
领导；领导地位；领导才能
11
outstanding
/a?t'st?nd??/
adj.
?
优秀的；杰出的；明显的
12
gifted
/'ɡ?ft?d/
adj.
?
有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
13
abstract
/'?bstr?kt/
adj.
n．
?
抽象的；理性的(文献等的)摘要
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
14
concept
/'k?nsept/
n.
?
概念；观念
15
astronomer
/?'str?n?m?(r)/
n.
?
天文学家
16
telescope
/'tel?sk??p/
n.
?
望远镜
17
brilliant
/'br?li?nt/
adj.
?
聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
18
fault
/f??lt/
n.
?
弱点；过错
19
shift
/??ft/
n.
vi.
&vt.
?
改变；转换；轮班
转移；挪动；转向
1．have
an
impact
on...
____________________
2．attend
school
____________________
3．break
out
____________________
4．switch...
to...
____________________
5．air
force
____________________
¤重点词块
对……有影响　
上学　
突然开始；爆发　
把……转换到……　
空军　
6．defend...
against...
____________________
7．pursue
graduate
studies
__________________
8．over
the
course
of...
____________________
9．conduct
research
____________________
10．over
difficulties
____________________
11．in
charge
of
__________________
12．discourage
sb.
from
doing
sth.
________________
保护……不受……　
攻读研究生　
在……的过程中　
进行研究　
克服困难　
主管；掌管　
　　阻碍某人做某事　
13．承担；呈现
____________________
14．在某人的带领下
____________________
15．追溯到
____________________
16．在前沿科学研究领域
____________________________
17．脱颖而出；突出
____________________
18．熟悉……
____________________
19．患(病)；染上(小病)
____________________
take
on　
under
sb.
’s
leadership　
trace
back
to　
in
the
area
of
frontier
science
research　
stand
out　
be
familiar
with...　　
come
down　
20．总的来说；通常
____________________
21．问答环节
____________________
22．站立；站起来
____________________
23．指出
____________________
24．愿意做某事
____________________
25．最重要的是；尤其是
____________________
in
general　
question
and
answer
period　
stand
up　
point
out　
be
willing
to
do
sth.　　
above
all　
1．(P7)
_________________
(被……的作者们所描述)
the
Story
of
Qian
Xuesen
as
a
man
with
“great
scientific
thought
and
scientific
spirit”
who
was
patriotic
and
served
his
homeland
with
effort,
achievement,
and
devotion,
Qian
was
an
extremely
well?respected
man.
(过去分词作状语)
¤重点句式
2．(P8)__________________
(当被问到)
“Can
we
Chinese
possibly
make
missiles？”，his
reply
was
a
determined
“Why
not?
We
Chinese
are
able
to
make
the
same
things
that
other
people
make.
”(省略句)
3．(P8)Under
Qian’s
leadership，China
developed
the
Dongfeng
missiles，______________(被……的第一代所跟随)
Long
March
rockets.
(过去分词作状语)
4．(P8)However，__________________(可能造就他……的是)
such
an
outstanding
and
creative
scientist
was
probably
his
strong
interest
in
other
things,
such
as
music
and
drawing.
(主语从句)
5．(P8)The
first
was
the
steady
state
theory，_____________
______________________
(它认为)
that
the
universe
has
no
beginning
or
end.
(定语从句)
【答案】
1．Described
by
the
authors
of　
2．When
asked
3．followed
by
the
first
generation
of
4．what
might
have
made
him　
5．which
holds
Ⅰ．阅读课文，判断信息正误
(　　)1．Born
in
Beijing
in
1911,
Qian
attended
schools
in
Beijing
and
then
entered
Shanghai
Jiao
Tong
University
to
study
Railway
Mechanical
Engineering.
(　　)2．Qian
went
to
United
States
in
1935
to
pursue
his
graduate
studies.
(　　)3．After
overcoming
some
difficulties
during
his
final
few
years
in
the
US，Qian
returned
to
China
in
1955．
¤课文预读
(　　)4．When
asked
“Can
we
Chinese
possibly
make
missiles？”
Qian’s
reply
was
yes.
(　　)5．Stephen
Hawking
was
the
most
famous
and
gifted
scientist
in
physics.
(　　)6．Stephen
Hawking
is
brilliant，brave,
determined，although
sometimes
he
was
careless.
【答案】1－6　FTTTFT
Ⅱ．阅读课文，选择正确选项
(　　)1．How
old
was
Qian
Xuesen
when
China
successfully
launched
its
first
man?made
satellite?
A．49
years
old.
B．59
years
old.
C．69
years
old.
D．79
years
old.
(　　)2．We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that________.
A．China
was
in
great
need
of
scientists
in
the
1950s.
B．Qian
Xuesen
was
not
welcome
in
the
United
States.
C．Art
never
gave
Qian
Xuesen
inspiration
in
his
research.
D．Qian
Xuesun
had
nothing
to
do
with
Shenzhou
rockets.
(　　)3．Hawking
first
got
his
fame
by
__________.
A．using
the
computers
and
wheelchair
B．graduating
from
Cambridge
University
C．pointing
out
a
professor’s
maths
mistake
D．doing
his
own
work
on
the
big
bang
theory
(　　)4．From
the
second
text
we
know
the
nature
of
Hawking’s
being__________.
A．brave
and
careful
B．determined
and
brilliant
C．careless
and
disabled
D．learned
and
humorous
(　　)5．Where
does
this
text
of
“A
WORLD
OF
PURE
THOUGHT”
probably
come
from?
A．A
medical
journey.
B．A
tourist
brochure.
C．A
science
textbook.
D．An
agricultural
magazine.
【答案】1－5　BADBC
课堂新知讲练
1．pour
vt.
倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)
(P7)A
non?Newtonian
fluid
is
strange
because
you
can
pour
it
like
a
liquid,
but
if
you
put
any
pressure
on
it,
it
suddenly
becomes
hard
as
concrete.
【翻译】非牛顿流体很奇怪，因为你可以像液体一样倒它，但如果你对它施加任何压力，它会突然变得像混凝土一样硬。
◇词汇拓讲
【用法详解】
Messages
poured
in
with
offers
of
support．
提供支持的信息纷至沓来。
The
crowd
suddenly
poured
into
the
store．
人群突然涌进商店。
He
was
severely
wounded．Blood
poured
out
of
the
wound．
他受了重伤。血从伤口涌出。
He
was
so
worried
that
sweat
began
to
pour
down
his
face．
他太担心了，汗水从脸上淌下来。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I
poured
the
milk
from
the
bottle
______
the
cups．
(2)After
the
conference
the
people
poured
__________
in
crowds．
(3)We
were
sailing
on
the
sea
when
it
suddenly
poured
________．
(4)He
poured
______
all
his
power
but
couldn’t
make
it．
【答案】(1)into　(2)out　(3)down　(4)in
2．break
out(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
(P7)However,
after
the
Songhu
Battle
broke
out
in
1932,
Qian
made
the
decision
to
switch
his
major
to
aviation
because
he
realised
that
China
needed
its
own
powerful
air
force
to
protect
and
defend
the
country．
【翻译】然而，1932年淞沪战役爆发后，钱决定转到航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。
【用法详解】
Never
break
in
while
others
are
talking．
别人说话时不要插嘴。
Sometimes
unexpected
always
breaks
out
in
this
area．
这一领域有时总是发生意想不到的事情。
Our
car
broke
down
and
we
had
to
draw
it
to
a
garage．
我们的车坏了，我们不得不把它拖到修车厂去。
It
was
money
trouble
that
broke
up
their
marriage．
钱的问题使他们的婚姻破裂了。
【特别提醒】
break
out,
happen,
occur,
take
place等动词(短语)表示“发生”，是不及物动词用法，没有被动语态。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)The
Second
World
War_____________
in
September
1939．
第二次世界大战于1939年9月爆发。
(2)We
had
to__________
as
we
had
lost
the
key．
我们把钥匙弄丢了，不得不破门而入。
(3)Don’t
_____________when
he
is
telling
the
story．
他讲故事的时候不要打断他。
(4)Peace
talks
_____________in
the
Middle
East．
中东的和平谈判破裂了。
【答案】(1)broke
out　(2)break
into
the
house
(3)break
in　(4)broke
down
3．defend
vt．保卫；防守；辩解
(P7)However,
after
the
Songhu
Battle
broke
out
in
1932,
Qian
made
the
decision
to
switch
his
major
to
aviation
because
he
realised
that
China
needed
its
own
powerful
air
force
to
protect
and
defend
the
country．
【翻译】然而，1932年淞沪战役爆发后，钱决定转到航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。
(1)defend…from/against(doing)…保护……免受……
defend
oneself
against
sth．保护自己不受……；为自己辩护
(2)defence
n．防御；辩护；保卫
defensive
adj．防御性的；自我保护的
【用法详解】
Students
should
be
ready
to
explain
and
defend
their
views．
学生应该准备好解释和捍卫自己的观点。
The
dam
was
built
to
defend
the
road
from
being
washed
away
by
the
sea．
修建水坝是为了保护公路不被海水冲毁。
They
tried
to
defend
themselves
against
the
enemy
with
all
their
might．
他们竭尽全力防御敌人。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The
fort
cannot
be
defended
________
an
air
attack．
(2)Like
their
children,
parents
are
often________(defend)about
their
private
lives．
(3)The
drunken
man
in
worn?out
clothes
made
a
gesture
in
____________(defend)．
完成句子
(4)All
the
policemen
have
been
trained
to
____________the
sudden
attacks．
所有的警察都受过防御突然袭击的训练。
(5)Our
duty
is
to
____________________its
enemies．
我们的职责是保卫祖国不受敌人的侵犯。
【答案】(1)against/from　
(2)defensive　(3)defence
(4)defend
themselves
against/from
(5)defend
our
country
/motherland
from/against
4．in
charge主管；掌管
(P8)He
received
a
hero’s
welcome
from
his
homeland
and
was
put
in
charge
of
not
only
developing
China’s
rocket
science
but
also
its
space
and
missile
programme．
【翻译】他在祖国受到了英雄般的欢迎，并被任命不仅负责发展中国的火箭科学，而且还负责中国太空和导弹计划。
(1)charge
n．费用；主管；vt．&
vi．收费；控诉；充电
(2)charge
sb．
for
sth．为某物向某人收取费用
charge
sb．
with
sth．控告某人某事
(3)take
charge
of
掌管；负责
in
the
charge
of
sb．受某人的管理(表被动)
【用法详解】
Going
to
public
concerts
is
often
free
of
charge．
去听公开的音乐会通常是免费的。
The
column
of
the
newspaper
is
in
the
charge
of
Mr．Green．
报纸的专栏由格林先生负责。
The
department
was
badly
organized
until
she
took
charge
of
it．
这个部门在她负责之前组织得很糟糕。
I’ll
be
in
charge
of
the
whole
gallery
next
week
when
the
director
is
away．
下周主任不在时，我将负责整个画廊。
【语境串记】
The
man
in
charge
of/taking
charge
of
the
activity
said
that
the
tickets
were
free
of
charge．In
other
words,
they
wouldn’t
charge
us
for
the
tickets．
负责这项活动的人说门票是免费的。换句话说，他们不会向我们收取门票费用。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)As
long
as
you’ve
paid
in
advance
we
won’t
_____________
delivery．
只要你预先付款，我们就不收运费。
(2)The
man_____________
the
company
was
charged
________
spreading
rumors
on
the
Internet．
掌管这家公司的那个人被指控在网上散布谣言。
(3)A
week
later,
I
volunteered
_____________
English
study
in
my
class．
一周以后，我自愿负责班级里的英语学习。
【答案】(1)charge
you
for　(2)in
charge
of；with
(3)to
take
charge
of
5．trace
vt．追溯；追踪；查出
n．痕迹；遗迹；踪迹
(P8)Because
much
of
the
technology
behind
the
Shenzhou
rockets
can
also
be
traced
back
to
Qian’s
research,
Qian
earned
the
name
of
“the
father
of
China’s
aerospace”．
【翻译】由于神舟火箭背后的许多技术都可以追溯到钱的研究，钱赢得了“中国航天之父”的称号。
trace
back
to
追溯到……
trace…to…追查……到……
【用法详解】
Will
the
police
be
able
to
trace
them
to
their
hiding
place?
警察能追踪到他们的藏身之处吗？
His
family
traces
back
to
the
Norman
Conquest．
他的家族可追溯到诺曼征服时期。
The
burglar
had
left
several
traces
of
his
presence．
窃贼留下了他出现过的几个痕迹。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)At
last
the
noise
was
traced
________
a
fault
in
the
pipes．
(2)His
father
claims
to
be
able
to
trace
the
family
back
________
many
centuries
ago．
(3)These
quotations
cannot
readily
__________(trace)
to
their
sources．
(4)________(trace)
of
blood
were
found
in
the
bathroom．
【答案】(1)to　(2)to　(3)be
traced　(4)Traces
6．gifted
adj．有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
(P8)Stephen
Hawking
was
one
of
the
most
famous
and
gifted
scientists
in
physics．
【翻译】斯蒂芬·霍金是物理学中最著名和最有天赋的科学家之一。
be
gifted
with有……天赋，天生就……
a
gifted
dancer/musician
天才舞蹈演员/音乐家
have
a
gift
for对……有天赋
【用法详解】
He
is
gifted
with
the
ability
to
understand
a
diverse
range
of
people
and
their
cultures．
他有能力理解各种各样的人和他们的文化。
The
gifted
architect
designed
one
splendid
building
after
another．
这位天才的建筑师设计了一座又一座辉煌的建筑。
Most
of
the
best
lawyers
and
salespeople
really
have
a
gift
for
persuasion．
大多数最好的律师和销售人员都有说服别人的天赋。
【特别提醒】
talented与gifted均有“有才华的；天才的”。名词gift/talent对应的短语都可写成have
a
gift/talent
for表示“对……有天赋”。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Man
is
the
only
creature
that
is
gifted______
speech．
(2)English
skills
can
only
be
improved
when
one
makes
use
of
the
language,
but
many
people
are
not__________(gift)
with
that
opportunity．
(3)I
believe
my
father
is
a
__________(talent)
man．
完成句子
(4)Your
cooking
is
amazing
and
you
really
__________food．
你的厨艺太棒了，你对食物真的很有天赋。
(5)Each
person
is
special
and____________
unique
talents．
每个人都是特殊的，都有独特的才能。
【答案】(1)with　(2)gifted　(3)talented
(4)have
a
gift/talent
for　(5)is
gifted
with
7．come
down患(病)；染上(小病)
(P8)Since
he
came
down
with
a
disease
which
caused
him
to
lose
the
use
of
most
of
his
muscles,
his
world
became
one
of
abstract
thought．
【翻译】自从他得了一种病，使他的大部分肌肉无法活动，他的世界就变成了一个抽象的思想世界。
【用法详解】
He
came
down
with
a
bad
cold
last
week．
他上星期得了重感冒病倒了。
The
plane
came
down
safely
despite
the
mist．
尽管有雾，飞机还是安全降落了。
Ask
the
waiter
what
our
bill
comes
to．
问问服务员我们的账单总共多少钱。
The
whole
weekend
was
so
wonderful
I
haven’t
come
down
yet．
整个周末过得这么精彩，我到现在还没有平静下来。
Why
is
it
that
you’ve
come
out
against
the
proposal
he
put
forward?
你为什么反对他提出的建议？
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I
watched
the
archaeologists
come
__________
into
the
valley．
(2)Is
this
your
necklace,
Mary？I
came
________
it
when
I
was
cleaning
the
bathroom
this
morning．
(3)I
hope
you
can
come
up
________
a
better
plan
than
this．
(4)He
came
________
from
France
last
week,
just
to
see
us．
完成句子
(5)
It’s
already
10
o’clock．I
wonder
__________that
she
is
two
hours
late
on
such
a
short
trip．
已经10点了。我不知道她怎么会在这么短的路程上晚了两个小时。
(6)In
a
few
moments
she
suddenly
______________
______________
life．
过了一会儿她突然苏醒了。
【答案】(1)down　(2)across　(3)with　(4)over
(5)how
it
come
about　(6)came
to
8．besides
prep．除……之外(还)
adv．而且；此外
(P9)Besides
being
brilliant,
he
was
brave,
though
sometimes
careless
in
what
he
said
or
did．
【翻译】除了才华横溢之外，他还很勇敢，尽管有时言行不一。
beside
prep．在旁边；除……之外(还)
adv．而且；此外
表示“此外”的词和短语还有furthermore,
in
addition,
what’s
more。
【用法详解】
He
had
other
people
to
take
care
of
besides
me．
除了我之外，他还有其他人需要照顾。
I
don’t
like
this
souvenir．Besides,
it
costs
too
much．
我不喜欢这个纪念品。此外，它太贵了。
【词语辨析】
词语
用法
besides
表示一种累加关系，意思是“除了……之外还有……”
except
表示一种排除关系，意思是“除了……之外”
except
for
主要表示从整体中排除部分，意思是“除……之外”，
所排除的情况往往不影响整体或大局
词语
用法
except
that/
when/where
后面要接从句，表示“除了……之外”
apart
from
表示“除了……之外”，与except用法相似；还有可作“除了……之外(还有)，此外”讲时，相当于in
addition
to
或besides
but
作介词用时，意思是“除……之外”，相当于except，通常与no,
all,
nobody,
everything等连用
His
performance
was
very
good
except
for
a
small
fault．
除了一个小错误，他的表演很好。
Apart
from
some
spelling
mistakes,
the
composition
is
fairly
good．
除了几处拼写错误外，这篇作文还算不错。
Bicycling
is
good
exercises;
besides,
it
does
not
pollute
the
air．
骑自行车是很好的运动；此外，它不污染空气。
—How
about
your
journey
to
Mount
Emei?
你的峨眉山之旅怎么样？
—Everything
was
wonderful
except
that
our
car
broke
down
twice
on
the
way．
除了我们的车在路上坏了两次之外，一切都很好。
【针对练习】
辨析besides,
except,
except
for,
except
that，apart
from,
but
(1)There
were
more
bottles
of
beer____________
the
two
he
gave
us．
(2)__________，
the
sweater
is
made
of
pure
wool．Very
soft．
(3)We
work
every
day
____________Sunday．
(4)The
weather
was
good
____________
an
occasional
shower．
(5)I
know
nothing
about
him
____________
he
lives
next
door．
(6)I’ve
finished
all
my
homework
____________
the
last
question．
(7)I
have
nothing
to
do
__________
wait．
【答案】(1)besides/apart
from　(2)Besides
(3)except　(4)except
for　(5)except
that
(6)apart
from/except　(7)but
9．above
all最重要的是；尤其是
(P9)Above
all,
Hawking
was
willing
to
admit
his
faults．
【翻译】最重要的是，霍金愿意承认自己的错误。
above
all最重要的是；首先
all
in
all
总而言之
after
all毕竟；终究；归根结底
at
all完全；全然；究竟；竟然
first
of
all首先
in
all总计；总的说来
【用法详解】
I
would
like
to
buy
a
house
—
modern,
comfortable,
and
above
all
in
a
quiet
place．
我想买一栋房子——现代化、舒适，最重要的是要在一个安静的地方。
Although
they
had
difficulties,
I
heard
they
have
succeeded
after
all．
虽然他们有困难，但我认为他们还是成功了。
All
in
all,
I
have
a
good
life．I
am
happy
to
have
found
many
things
I
can
do，like
writing
and
computer
programming．
总而言之，我生活得挺好。我很高兴地发现我能做许多事情，比如写作和计算机编程。
【词语辨析】
词汇
用法
例句
all
in
all
意为“总而言之”，表示对某人或某事物做出评价性结论
All
in
all，her
condition
is
greatly
improved．
总的来说，她的健康状况大大好转。
in
all
意为“总共”，表示总的数量
We
numbered
20
in
all．
我们共计20人。
词汇
用法
例句
above
all
意为“首先，最重要的是”，强调要引起特别注意
Above
all，a
real
poet
is
a
master
of
words．
最重要的是，真正的诗人是语言大师。
after
all
意为“毕竟，终究”，表示让步
You
should
forgive
him
for
his
forgetfulness；after
all，he
is
over
seventy．
你应该原谅他的健忘，毕竟他都七十多岁了。
词汇
用法
例句
first
of
all
意为“首先，第一”，强调次序
First
of
all，a
pen
should
fit
comfortably
in
your
hand
and
be
easy
to
use．
首先，一支钢笔拿在手里应该很舒服并且便于使用。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The
girl
was
anxious
and
began
to
tremble．________
all,
it
was
the
first
time
that
she
had
been
on
the
stage．
(2)To
make
members
of
a
team
perform
better,
the
trainer
first
________
all
has
to
know
their
strengths
and
weaknesses．
完成句子
(3)_____________，what
you
had
done
did
annoy
him
greatly．
总而言之，你所做的事确实使他很生气。
(4)He
visited,
_____________,
fifteen
galleries
in
China．
他总共参观了中国的15家画廊。
(5)_____________,
you
should
know
what
profession
suits
you．
首先，你应该知道什么职业适合你。
【答案】(1)After　(2)of　(3)All
in
all
(4)in
all　(5)Above
all
10．fault
n．弱点；过错
(P9)Above
all,
Hawking
was
willing
to
admit
his
faults．
【翻译】最重要的是，霍金愿意承认自己的错误。
【用法详解】
find
fault
with挑剔；批评；抱怨
at
fault有错；有责任
He
always
finds
fault
with
Tom’s
composition．
他总是挑剔汤姆的作文。
In
my
opinion,
both
of
the
drivers
were
at
fault．
在我看来，两个司机都有责任。
His
greatest
fault
is
that
he
talks
too
much．
他最大的缺点是话太多。
【易混辨析】
易混词
辨析
例句
fault
多指性格、心智状态、情绪、行为或习惯中的“缺点”
I
like
him
despite
his
faults．
尽管他有缺点，我还是喜欢他。
易混词
辨析
例句
error
可指任何错误，也可指笔误，印刷上或计算机上的错误
This
book
contains
a
lot
of
printer’s
error．
这本书有许多印刷错误。
mistake
指判断或理解方面的错误，或是由于缺乏思考或疏忽而造成的错误
I
used
your
ink
by
mistake．
我错用了你的墨水。
【针对练习】
辨析fault,
error,
mistake
(1)Regardless
of
how
often
I
correct
him,
he
always
makes
the
same____________．
(2)Be
aware
of
how
often
you
complain
or
find
________
with
others．
(3)He
overlooked
a
spelling
____________
on
the
first
page．
【答案】(1)mistake　(2)fault　(3)error
11．shift
n．改变；转换；轮班vt.&vt.转移；挪动；转向
(P9)Qian
changed
his
major
because
of
a
shift
in
personal
interest．
【翻译】钱学森因为个人兴趣的转变而换了专业。
shift
about四处飘荡
shift
off(将……)从……移走；推卸，逃避
shift
to
使移向，使转向
【用法详解】
They
were
taking
turns
to
be
on
the
night
shift．
他们轮流上夜班。
They
shifted
about
for
several
years．
他们东奔西跑了好几年。
The
rain
shifted
dust
off
the
street．
雨把街上的尘土冲走了。
He
shifted
his
luggage
up
to
his
flat．
他把行李搬到楼上的公寓里。
【针对练习】
写出句中shift的词性和词义
(1)After
the
guard
recovered
from
his
injury,
he
went
on
the
night
shift
again．__________
(2)Lend
me
a
hand
to
shift
this
box,
will
you？________
(3)I
began
to
shift
my
focus．__________
(4)This
accident
caused
a
dramatic
shift
in
public
opinion．__________
【答案】(1)名词，轮班　(2)动词，挪动
(3)动词，转移　(4)名词，改变
1．(P8)When
asked
“Can
we
Chinese
possibly
make
missiles？”，
his
reply
was
a
determined
“Why
not？We
Chinese
are
able
to
make
the
same
things
that
other
people
make．”
【翻译】当被问到“我们中国人能制造导弹吗？”，他坚决地回答：“为什么不呢？别人能做的东西，我们中国人同样能做。”
◇句式解读
【句式剖析】
这里的when
asked是一个省略结构，相当于“when
he
was
asked…”。
在使用时间、地点、条件、让步或原因等之类的状语从句时，如果其中谓语部分含有be的任何一种形式，而主语又与主句的主语相一致或主语为it时，为避免重复，使语言生动、自然、简洁，常可以省略从句的主语和谓语的部分，特别是动词be。这种现象称为状语从句的省略。
【归纳拓展】
When
(he
was)
still
a
boy
of
ten，he
started
working
to
support
himself．
当他是10岁孩子的时候，他就开始工作养家。
Once
(it
was)
published，his
work
became
famous
for
the
absence
of
rhyme
at
the
end
of
each
line．
一经出版，他的作品就因每行末尾不押韵而著称。
Though
(he
had
been)
defeated
many
times，he
didn’t
lose
heart．
他虽然被打败了很多次，但他从未放弃。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Unless
________(invite),
he
will
not
come
back
to
the
company．
(2)After
________
(complete),
the
airport
will
have
above
50%
plants
coverage．
(3)Film
has
a
much
shorter
history,
especially
when
________
(compare)to
such
art
forms
as
music
and
painting．
句型转换
(4)When
she
was
very
young，she
began
to
learn
to
play
the
piano．
→_____________,
she
began
to
learn
to
play
the
piano．
【答案】(1)invited　(2)completed　(3)compared
(4)When
very
young
2．(P7)Described
by
the
authors
of
the
Story
of
Qian
Xuesen
as
a
man
with
“great
scientific
thought
and
scientific
spirit”
who
was
patriotic
and
served
his
homeland
with
effort,
achievement,
and
devotion,
Qian
was
an
extremely
well?respected
man．
【翻译】《钱学森的故事》的作者把他描述为一个具有“伟大的科学思想和科学精神”的人，他以自己的努力、成就和献身精神爱国报国，是一个非常受人尊敬的人。
【句式剖析】
句中“described…”为过去分词做状语，和后面的主语Qian是被动关系。
非谓语动词作状语
(1)不定式作状语表示结果、目的(可与so
as
to/in
order
to替换，但是so
as
to不可置于句首)或原因(表示原因只用在表示喜、怒、哀、乐等表语形容词后)。
【归纳拓展】
(2)分词作状语：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。现在分词作结果状语时表示自然而然的结果；不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加only。
(3)部分过去分词源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动和完成，而表示一种状态。常见的有：lost(迷路的)，seated(坐着的)，hidden(躲着的)，lost/absorbed/buried
in(沉溺于)，dressed
in(穿着)，tired
of(厌烦的)，faced
with(面对着)。
Ordinary
soap,
used
correctly,
can
deal
with
bacteria
effectively．
正确使用普通肥皂，可以有效地杀菌。
Around
13,500
new
jobs
were
created
during
the
period,
exceeding
the
expected
number
of
12,000
held
by
market
analysts．
在此期间新增了大约13,500个工作岗位，超过了市场分析师预期的12,000个。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The
national
park
has
a
large
collection
of
wildlife,
________(range)
from
butterflies
to
elephants．
(2)Jim
has
retired,
but
he
still
remembers
the
happy
time
____________
(spend)
with
his
students．
【答案】(1)ranging
(2)spent
3．(P8)Under
Qian’s
leadership,
China
developed
the
Dongfeng
missiles,
followed
by
the
first
generation
of
Long
March
rockets．
【翻译】在钱的领导下，中国发展了东风导弹，接着是第一代长征火箭。
【句式剖析】
句中“followed
by
the
first
generation
of
Long
March
rockets”是过去分词做定语，修饰missiles。
非谓语动词作定语
(1)现在分词作定语
现在分词的主动式作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。现在分词的被动式作定语与所修饰名词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，表示该动作被动和完成。
【归纳拓展】
(2)过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上存在被动关系，并表示该动作的被动或完成。
(3)不定式作定语
①不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后，表示将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系，若该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。
②被修饰的名词是抽象名词时用不定式作定语，常见的抽象名词：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。
③the
first，the
second，the
last，the
next，the
only等作名词或者它们作形容词用来修饰名词或代词时，常用不定式作定语。
At
the
start
of
this
year,
foreigners
living
in
Italy
amounted
to
4．56
million．
今年年初，居住在意大利的外国人数量达到了456万。
The
producer
comes
regularly
to
collect
the
cameras
returned
to
our
shop
for
quality
problems．
生产商定期来取因质量问题退回到我们店的相机。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)In
art
criticism,
you
must
assume
the
artist
has
a
secret
message____________
(hide)
within
the
work．
(2)To
return
to
the
problem
of
water
pollution,
I’d
like
you
to
look
at
a
study__________(conduct)
in
Australia
in
2012．
(3)Amie
Salmon,
disabled,
is
attended
throughout
her
school
days
by
a
nurse
__________(appoint)
to
guard
her．
(4)Mrs．White
showed
her
students
some
old
maps
__________(borrow)
from
the
library．
【答案】(1)hidden　(2)conducted
(3)appointed　(4)borrowed
课文读练专训
Ⅰ．配对练习
1．Qian
went
to
the
United
States
in
1935______________．
2．After
overcoming
some
difficulties
during
his
final
few
years
in
the
US,
__________．
3．Qian
read
a
lot
and
was
extremely
knowledgeable,
____________．
4．Since
he
came
down
with
a
disease
which
caused
him
to
lose
the
use
of
most
of
his
muscles,
__________．
5．Hawking’s
own
work
on
the
big
bang
theory
was
soon
proven________________
．
A．to
pursue
his
graduate
studies
B．Qian
returned
to
China
in
1955
C．by
astronomers
with
telescopes
D．his
world
became
one
of
abstract
thought
E．Qian
was
an
extremely
well?respected
man
F．especially
in
the
area
of
frontier
science
research
G．though
sometimes
careless
in
what
he
said
or
did
【答案】1－5．ABFDC
Ⅱ．课文语法填空
When
Qian
Xuesen
was
young,
he
realised
China
needed
air
force
1．____________(defend)
the
country,
so
he
went
to
America
to
study
aviation．As
a
graduate
2．______________(assist)
at
an
institute,
he
helped
conduct
important
research
into
rocket
propulsion．Finally,
he
became
a
pioneer
in
jet
and
rocket
technology．
3．__________
Qian
Xuesun
returned
to
China
in
1995,
he
was
put
4．__________
charge
of
developing
China’s
rocket
science,
space
and
missile
programme．Under
his
leadership,
China
made
5．____________(outstand)
progress
in
rockets,
missiles
and
man?made
satellites．Because
of
this,
he
earned
the
name
of
“the
father
of
China’s
aerospace”．
Stephen
Hawking
was
a
6．__________(gift)
scientist．Since
he
came
7．____________
with
a
disease
causing
him
unable
to
walk
or
speak,
his
world
became
one
of
abstract
thought．There
was
a
theory
on
the
origin
of
the
universe
explaining
the
universe
8．____________(begin)at
a
single
point
in
time
and
space．
His
own
work
on
the
big
bang
theory
was
proven
by
astronomers
with
9．__________(telescope)and
a
new
star
was
born．
He
was
brilliant,
brave
and
determined．And
he
was
willing
to
admit
his
faults．This
10．__________(combine)
of
his
characteristics
made
him
one
of
the
greatest
thinkers
of
modern
times．
【答案】1．to
defend　2．assistant　3．When　4．in
5．outstanding　6．gifted　7．down
　8．began
9．telescopes　10．combination
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．When
the
wind
shifted
from
south
________________
north,
it
began
to
get
cold．
2．He
bowed
to
the
________________(astonish)
people
and
left
without
a
word．
3．The
exports
are
________________(steady)
increasing
year
by
year．
4．You
should
make
________________
abstract
of
what
the
professor
says．
5．Could
I
speak
to
whoever
is
________________
charge
of
International
Sales,
please?
6．The
children
were
having
fun,
chasing
each
other’s
________________(shadow)．
7．The
dream
was
so
vivid
________________
he
felt
himself
to
be
awake．
8．Derartu
is
________________
outstanding
athlete
and
deserved
to
win．
9．Kalan
called
his
________________(assist),
Hashim,
to
take
over
while
he
went
out．
10．The
exhibition
________________
(trace)
the
history
of
graphic
design
in
America
from
the
19th
century
to
the
present．
【答案】1．to　2．astonished　3．steadily　4．an　5．in　6．shadows　7．that　8．an　9．assistant　10．traces
3．Sales
in
our
company
______________________
due
to
the
outbreak
of
the
terrible
disease．
4．You
can
take
as
many
as
you
like,
because
they
are
______________________．
5．The
fire
______________________
during
the
day,
and
therefore
almost
no
one
was
injured．
6．Sylvia’s
been
______________________
ever
since
her
mother
became
so
ill．
【答案】1．find
fault
with　2．above
all　3．came
down
4．free
of
charge　5．broke
out　6．cast
down
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．It
is
one
of
the
funniest
things
_____________so
far
this
year．
这是今年互联网上发现的最有趣的事情之一。
2．His
car
________________
this
afternoon
when
he
headed
to
the
hospital．
今天下午去医院的路上他的车抛锚了。
3．We
took
shelter
from
the
rain
that_____________
in
a
bus
stop．
我们在公共汽车站躲避倾盆大雨。
4．______________,
the
couple
made
a
surprise
visit
to
the
hospital
before
heading
to
the
reception．
在一名婚礼摄影师的跟随下，这对新人在前往婚宴前突然造访了医院。
5．Nowadays
the
priority
for
travelling_____________
shopping
_____________food
and
scenery．
如今，旅游的重点从购物转向了美食和风景。
【答案】1．found
on
the
Internet
2．broke
down
on
the
way
3．was
pouring
down　
4．Followed
by
a
wedding
photographer
5．is
shifted
from;
to
写作高效提升
写一篇关于科学精神的短文
动笔前，你的大体构思：____________________
◎单元写作目标
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．I
am
glad
to
learn
that
you
hope
to
become
a
scientist
in
the
future．
我很高兴得知你希望将来成为一名科学家。
2．I
am
very
happy
to
learn
that
you
develop
an
interest
in
science．
得知你对科学产生了兴趣，我很高兴。
◎话题佳句
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
3．They
pay
attention
to
various
aspects
of
the
research
problem
and
keep
exploring．
他们关注研究问题的各个方面，不断探索。
4．Scientists
need
to
be
imaginative
and
willing
to
experiment
bravely
with
new
ideas
and
methods．
科学家需要有想象力，愿意大胆地用新的想法和方法进行实验。
【回味无穷的结尾句】
5．Work
hard
and
wish
you
success．
努力工作，祝你成功。
6．Hope
you
are
remembered
for
your
great
contributions
to
the
world
one
day．
希望有一天你对世界做出的巨大贡献会被人们记住。
【写作任务】
假定你是李华，收到好友John的来信。John希望自己将来能成为一名科学家，来信咨询科学家需要具备哪些品质。请给他回一封电子邮件。
◎写作范例
要点如下：
1．对John的梦想表示支持；
2．科学家应具备的品质。
注意：
1．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．词数80左右，邮件的格式已给出，不计入总词数。
【写作指导】
【遣词造句】
Ⅰ．用本单元所学单词或短语填空
1．______________
adj．绝妙的；聪颖的；明亮的
2．______________
adv．此外；再者
3．______________
科学精神
4．______________
同意
5．______________
另外
Ⅱ．本单元语块、语法运用
1．完成句子
(1)我很高兴得知你希望将来成为一名科学家。
I
am
glad
to
learn
that
you
hope_____________in
the
future．
(2)科学家应该对某些事情感兴趣和好奇。
Scientists
should
be_____________and
_____________certain
things．
(3)他们关注研究问题的各个方面，不断探索。
They
pay
attention
to
various
aspects
of
the
research
problem
and_____________．
(4)科学家往往才华横溢，聪明能干，能够提出独立的意见和方法。
Scientists
are
often
____________，__________
and
able
to
form
independent
opinions
and
methods．
2．句式升级
(5)将句(2)升级为含有名词性从句的句子
__________________________________________
(6)将句(3)升级为分词作状语的句子
____________________________________________
Keys：
Ⅰ．1．brilliant
　2．furthermore
　3．scientific
spirit
4．subscribe
to
　5．what’s
more/in
addition
Ⅱ．(1)to
become
a
scientist
(2)interested
in;
curious
about
(3)keep
exploring
　(4)brilliant;
intelligent
(5)Scientists
should
subscribe
to
the
view
that
they
should
be
interested
in
and
curious
about
certain
things．
(6)Paying
attention
to
various
aspects
of
the
research
problem,
they
keep
exploring
it．
【连句成篇】
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Firstly,
scientists
should
subscribe
to
the
view
that
they
should
be
interested
in
and
curious
about
certain
things．Paying
attention
to
various
aspects
of
the
research
problem,
and
keep
exploring．In
addition,
scientists
need
to
be
imaginative
and
willing
to
experiment
bravely
with
new
ideas
and
methods．As
we
all
know,
scientists
are
often
brilliant,
intelligent
and
able
to
form
independent
opinions
and
methods．Furthermore,
caution
and
persistence
are
necessary
for
scientists
to
succeed．
Becoming
a
scientist
is
not
easy．Work
hard
and
wish
you
success．
Yours，
Li
Hua
袁隆平是一位杰出的科学家，请你根据以下所提供的信息，写一篇关于袁隆平的简介。要点如下：
1．袁隆平被誉为“杂交水稻之父”；
2．1930年出生于北京，大学毕业后，一直从事农业教育和杂交水稻的研究；
◎写作练笔
3．他培植出的高产水稻，很大程度上解决了中国人的吃饭问题；
4．他获得了“国家最高科学技术奖”。
注意：1．词数：80词左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：高产的high?yield；国家最高科学奖Highest
Science
and
Technology
Award
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Yuan
Longping,
who
is
praised
as
“Father
of
Hybrid
Rice”，
was
born
in
Beijing
in
1930．Since
he
graduated
from
university,
he
has
been
working
as
an
educator
on
farming
and
a
researcher
on
hybrid
rice．
The
high?yield
rice
bred
by
him
has
partly
solved
the
feeding
problem
of
so
many
people
in
our
country．Because
of
this,
he
received
the
“Highest
Science
and
Technology
Award
of
China”．Yuan
Longping
is
also
a
well?known
expert
in
the
world．He
has
made
outstanding
achievements
in
agricultural
science
and
is
highly
thought
of
by
us
Chinese
people．(共98张PPT)
UNIT
1　SCIENCE
AND
SCIENTISTS
Period
Two　Learning
About
Language
课前自主预习
¤重点单词
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
1
thinking
/'θ??k??/
n.
?
思想；思维；见解
2
protein
/'pr??ti?n/
n.
?
蛋白质
3
cell
/sel/
n.
?
细胞；小房间；单间牢房
4
virus
/'va?r?s/
n.
?
病毒
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
5
finding
/'fa?nd??/
n.
?
发现；调查结果；(法律)判决
6
initial
/?'n??l/
adj.
?
最初的；开始的；第一的
7
framework
/'fre?mw??k/
n.
?
框架；结构
8
solid
/'s?l?d/
adj.
n．?
?
可靠的；固体的；坚实的固体
1．make
sense
________________________
2．not
only...
but
also...
__________________
3．get
down
to
__________________
4．combine...
with...
__________________
5．global
warming
__________________
6．on
the
wrong
side
of
__________________
¤重点词块
讲得通，有意义；明智；理解　
不但……而且……　
着手做；认真做　
结合；混合　
全球变暖　
在错的一边　
7．cross
the
street
__________________
8．an
important
part
of
our
life
__________________
9．deal
with
__________________
10．be
ready
to
do
sth.
__________________
11．打开
__________________
12．而不是
__________________
13．副作用
__________________
穿过马路　
我们生活中重要的一部分　
处理；解决；对付　
准备做某事　
turn
on　
rather
than　
side
effects　
14．……的一种形式
__________________
15．下定决心做某事
__________________
16．尤其；特别
__________________
17．依赖；依靠
__________________
18．集中；专注
__________________
19．实行；执行
__________________
20．最终；最后
__________________
a
form
of...　
be
determined
to
do
sth.
in
particular　
depend
on/upon　
focus
on　
carry
out　
in
the
end　
1．(P4)Cold?causing
virus
are
__________________
(不仅种类繁多),
they
also
transform
rapidly,
meaning
they
can
quickly
develop
resistance
to
medicine.
(not
only...
but
also...
)
2．(P4)Many
scientists
subscribe
to
the
view
that
__________________
(是人类活动)has
caused
global
warming.
(强调句)
¤重点句式
3．(P4)__________________(不是不寻常的)for
an
athlete
to
be
well?known
while
he
is
active,
and
quickly
forgotten
when
his
athletic
career
is
over.
(it形式主语)
4．(P4)Scientists
have
collected_______________(数据多于预期)to
prove
the
theory.
(more...
than...
)
5．(P5)What
was
the
finding_______________(斯诺宣布的)？(定语从句)
【答案】
1．not
only
of
multiple
kinds　
2．it
is
human
activity
that　
3．It
is
not
unusual　
4．more
data
than
expected　
5．that/which
Snow
announced　
表语从句(predicative
clause)
1．What
surprised
us
most
is
__________
he
spoke
English
so
well.
最使我们惊讶的是他英语说得这么好。
2．The
problem
is
__________
has
got
away
with
the
document.
问题是谁把文件带走了。
¤必备语法
3．As
John
Lennon
once
said,
life
is
__________
happens
to
you
while
you
are
busy
making
other
plans.
正如约翰·列侬曾经说过的，生活就是当你忙于制订其他计划时发生在你身上的事。
【答案】1．that　2．who　3．what
课堂新知讲练
1．make
sense
讲得通，有意义；明智；理解
(P4)Targeting
the
host
rather
than
the
infection
was
a
bit
non?traditional
but
made
sense
because
it
was
tricky
to
target
the
virus.
【翻译】以宿主为目标而不是以感染为目标有点非传统，但也说得通，因为以病毒为目标是很棘手的。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)make
sense
of
理解；明白
make
no
sense
没道理；没意义
(2)in
a
sense
在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in
no
sense
决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)
(3)There
is
no/little
sense
in
doing
sth.
做某事没道理
【用法详解】
I
thought
what
he
said
made
sense
and
I
got
in
touch
with
him.
我认为他所说的有道理，并与他取得了联系。
Planning
so
far
ahead
makes
no
sense
－
so
many
things
will
have
changed
by
next
year.
提前这么久做计划没有意义，许多事情到第二年可能已经变了。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Can
you
make
sense
________
what
this
American
is
saying?
你听得懂这个美国人在说些什么吗？
(2)It__________________
to
work
out
the
plan
before
it
is
too
late.
在还不算太晚之前来制订这个计划是明智的。
(3)__________________about
the
future.
为将来的事情担忧是毫无意义的。
【答案】(1)of　(2)makes
sense　(3)There’s
no
sense
in
worrying
2．advance
n．发展；进步
vt.
促进；前进；提前
(P4)Though
these
scientists
have
made
substantial
advances
in
their
research,
further
proof
is
needed
to
make
sure
such
drugs
are
not
so
severe
that
they
harm
the
body.
【翻译】尽管这些科学家在他们的研究中取得了重大进展，但还需要进一步的证据来确保这些药物不会严重到伤害身体的地步。
make
great
advances
in在……方面取得进步
in
advance预先；提前
advanced
adj.
高级的；先进的
be
advanced
to被选拔为……
【用法详解】
China
has
made
great
advances
in
economy
in
the
past
forty
years.
在过去的四十年中国在经济方面取得了巨大进步。
He
worked
so
well
that
he
was
soon
advanced
to
the
position
of
secretary.
他工作做得如此好，以至于不久就被提升为秘书。
I’d
appreciate
it
if
you
could
let
me
know
in
advance
whether
or
not
you
would
come.
如果你能让我提前知道你是否会来，我将不胜感激。
【语境串记】
With
the
help
of
the
advanced
technology,
we
can
complete
the
task
in
advance.
借助于先进的技术，我们可以提前完成任务。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The
factory
bought
in
the
most
__________
(advance)
equipment.
(2)He
was
advanced
__________
his
present
job
two
years
ago.
完成句子
(3)Mary__________________
thanks
to
the
help
of
Mr.
Brown.
幸亏布朗先生的帮助，玛丽在学业上取得了很大进步。
【答案】(1)advanced　(2)to
(3)has
made
great
advances
in
her
study
3．particular
adj.
特殊的；特别的；挑剔的
(P5)What
was
Snow’s
discovery
in
two
particular
streets
in
London?
【翻译】斯诺在伦敦两条特别的街道上发现了什么？
be
particular
about/over
对……讲究/挑剔
be
particular
to
do
sth.
特地做某事
in
particular
尤其；特别；格外
particularly
adv.
尤其；特别；格外
【用法详解】
We
are
particularly
grateful
to
him
for
his
timely
help.
我们特别感谢他的及时帮助。
She
has
already
tried
her
best.
Please
don’t
be
too
particular
about
her
job.
她已经尽了最大的努力。请不要对她的工作太挑剔。
The
company
has
launched
several
types
of
cars
this
year,
and
one
in
particular
appeals
to
the
young.
该公司今年推出了几种车型，其中有一款特别吸引年轻人。
【语境串记】
The
boy
is
particularly
interested
in
making
model
planes
but
he
is
not
particular
about
what
he
eats.
这个男孩对制作飞机模型特别感兴趣，但他对吃的东西并不挑剔。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)She
is
very__________________
her
appearance.
她对自己的外表很挑剔。
(2)Parents
and
coaches__________________
should
act
as
better
examples
for
children.
父母和教练尤其应该为孩子们树立更好的榜样。
(3)I
have__________________
to
do
this
evening.
今晚我没什么特别要做的事。
【答案】(1)particular
about　(2)in
particular
(3)nothing
particular
4．get
down
to着手做，认真做
(P5)This
was
when
you
should
have
calmed
down
and
got
down
to
doing
some
solid
work.
【翻译】这时你应该冷静下来，做一些扎实的工作。
get
across
把……表达清楚；使理解
get
through
通过；完成
get
over
克服；恢复过来
get
in
插话；收获
get
around
传播；流传
get
away
逃离；摆脱
get
along
with
与……和睦相处；取得进展
【用法详解】
【特别提醒】
get
down
to短语中的to是介词，其后面接名词或动名词作宾语。
The
chief
editor
got
down
to
his
work.
主编开始着手工作了。
She
talks
so
much
that
you
can’t
get
a
word
in.
她说得太多了，你一句话也插不进去。
I’m
going
to
get
down
to
studying
architecture
this
term.
这学期我要开始认真学习建筑。
I
don’t
think
that
your
lecture
got
across
to
the
audience,
for
they
appeared
quite
puzzled.
我认为听众没有理解你的演讲，因为他们显得很困惑。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)They
have
just
come
here
to
get
down
to
________
(repair)the
damaged
statues.
(2)With
the
election
out
of
the
way,
the
government
can
get
down
________
business.
用get的短语填空
(3)He
can’t
______________
his
colleagues,
so
he
feels
lonely.
(4)Let’s
start.
There’s
a
lot
of
work
to
__________.
(5)How
can
the
people
in
the
underdeveloped
countries
______________
from
poverty?
【答案】(1)repairing　(2)to　(3)get
along
with
(4)get
through　(5)get
away
1．(P4)Many
scientists
subscribe
to
the
view
that
it
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
global
warming.
【翻译】许多科学家认为是人类活动造成了全球变暖。
【句式剖析】
本句是一个强调句型，强调的是主语human
activity，正常的语序为：human
activity
has
caused
global
warming。
◇句式解读
(1)强调句型可以强调的句子成分通常为主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等，一般不强调谓语动词、表语、让步状语等。当强调的是主语时，其谓语动词应和被强调的人和物保持人称、数的一致。强调谓语动词时用“do/does/did＋动词原形”。
【归纳拓展】
(2)强调句型基本结构：
陈述句式：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who(指人)＋句子其余部分。
一般疑问句式：Is/Was
it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其余部分？
特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词＋is/was
it＋that＋句子其余部分？
(3)含有“not...
until...
”的句式：It
is/was
not
until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其余部分。
(4)强调句型的判断：将强调句结构中的It
is/was...
that/who...
去掉，如果句子所剩下的部分不缺少任何成分，仍是一个完整的句子，这个句子就是强调句，否则就是其他从句。
Was
it
Mary
that
you
met
in
the
street
yesterday?
昨天你在街上遇见的是玛丽吗？
What
was
it
that
prevented
him
from
coming
on
time?
是什么使得他没按时来？
It
was
not
until
I
returned
home
that
my
mother
went
to
bed.
直到我回家我妈妈才上床睡觉。
It
was
when
we
were
returning
home
that
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.
正是当我们回家的时候我意识到帮助那些困难中的人的感受是多么好。
【针对练习】
按要求进行句型转换
(1)My
mother
always
gives
me
encouragement
whenever
I
meet
with
difficulties.
→_______________________(强调句子主语)
(2)
It
was
at
the
cinema
that
I
met
an
old
friend
of
mine.
→_______________________(改为一般疑问句)
(3)
It
was
Tom
that
broke
the
window?
→_______________________(改为特殊疑问句)
【答案】(1)It
is
my
mother
that/
who
always
gives
me
encouragement
whenever
I
meet
with
difficulties.
(2)Was
it
at
the
cinema
that
I
met
an
old
friend
of
mine?
(3)Who
was
it
that
broke
the
window?
2．(P4)Cold?causing
virus
are
not
only
of
multiple
kinds,
they
also
transform
rapidly,
meaning
they
can
quickly
develop
resistance
to
medicine.
【翻译】引起感冒的病毒不仅种类繁多，而且转化迅速，这意味着它们可以迅速产生抗药性。
【句式剖析】
“Not
only...
but
also...
”是连词词组，用来连接两个并列的句子成分，but或also有时可以省略。
(1)“not
only...
but
(also)．.
.
”通常连接两个并列成分，如主语、谓语、宾语等，还可连接两个句子。
(2)“not
only...
but
(also)．.
.
”连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要和but
also后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。有类似用法的结构还有“not...
but...
”，“
either...
or...
”，“neither...
nor...
”等。
【归纳拓展】
(3)“not
only...
but
(also)．.
.
”连接两个并列分句，且not
only位于句首时，not
only所在的分句要部分倒装，
但but
(also)后的句子不倒装。
Not
only
does
the
sun
give
us
light
but
also
it
gives
us
heat.
太阳不仅给我们光还给我们热。
Not
only
the
students
but
also
the
teacher
was
against
the
plan.
不仅学生们反对这个计划，老师也反对。
He
not
only
explained
to
us
why
he
was
late,
but
also
apologized
to
us.
他不仅向我们解释了他迟到的原因，还向我们道歉了。(连接两个谓语)
【特别提醒】
(1)“not
only
A
but
also
B”
强调B，谓语动词的单复数与B保持一致；
(2)“A
as
well
as
B”
强调A，谓语动词的单复数与A保持一致。
Not
only
I
but
also
he
looks
down
upon
those
who
always
rely
on
others.
不仅我而且他都瞧不起那些总是依靠别人的人。
The
architect
as
well
as
some
experts
is
to
attend
the
conference
tomorrow.
那位建筑师和一些专家明天要参加会议。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Not
only
I
but
also
he
__________(attach)importance
to
recycling
garbage.
(2)He
not
only
exercises
outdoors
__________
reads
books
indoors
every
weekend.
(3)Not
only
had
she
__________(provide)
the
old
man
with
accommodations,
but
she
had
also
bought
a
single
for
him.
完成句子
(4)__________________has
got
stuck
in
the
traffic
jam.
不仅学生们，老师也被困在了交通堵塞中。
(5)He
played__________________
during
his
school
time.
他在上学期间不仅打保龄球，还打垒球。
(6)Not
only__________________，but
they
also
are
short
of
water
and
food.
他们不仅被困在森林里，而且缺水缺粮。
【答案】(1)attaches
(2)but　(3)provided
(4)Not
only
the
students
but
also
the
teacher
(5)not
only
bowling
but
also
softball
(6)do
they
get
stuck
in
the
forest
突
破
语
法
【例句观察】
①The
trouble
is
that
I
have
lost
his
address.
②Fame
and
personal
gain
is
what
they’re
after.
③The
question
is
who
we
should
trust.
④—Are
you
still
thinking
about
yesterday’s
game?
—Oh,
that’s
what
makes
me
feel
excited.
?观察领悟
【我的领悟】
句①②③④中画线部分都是引导的
__________
从句，其中，that在从句中不做任何成分，句②中what在从句中作__________；句③的who在从句中作__________；句④的what在从句中作__________。
Keys:
表语；
宾语；宾语；主语
一、定义及类型
在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样。表语从句位于连系动词后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。
?表语从句
常见的系动词的三种类型：
A．表示特征和状态：be,
look,
sound,
taste,
smell,
seem,
appear等
B．表示由一类状态转为另一类状态：get,
become,
grow,
turn,
fall,
go,
come,
run等
C．表示某种状态的：remain,
keep,
prove,
continue,
stay等
The
trouble
is
that
we
are
short
of
money.
问题是我们资金短缺。
That
is
why
stone
walls
are
used
instead
of
fences
around
New
England
fields.
这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。
At
that
time,
it
seemed
as
if
I
couldn’t
think
of
the
right
word
anyhow.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
二、表语从句的引导词
引导表语从句的词有连词that,
whether，连接代词和连接副词，以及as
if,
as
though,
because等连词。
类别
引导词
用法
从属
连词
that
只起连接作用，不做句子成分，无实际意义
whether
只起连接作用，不做句子成分，意为“是
否”不能用if
替换
类别
引导词
用法
连接
代词
who,
what，whom,
whose，which等
用法与宾语从句的一样
连接
副词
when,
where,
why,
how　
用法与宾语从句的一样
其他
连词
because
主句主语一般不用reason
as
if
/
as
though
表语从句表示的情况发生的可能性较小时，常用虚拟语气
1．由that引导
The
fact
is
that
he
doesn’t
really
try.
事实是他没有做真正的努力。
It
seems
that
he
was
late
for
the
train.
看来他没赶上火车。
It
seems
to
me
that
we
should
answer
for
this.
在我看来，我们似乎应该对此事负责。
My
idea
is
that
we
should
start
making
preparations
right
now.
我的意见是我们应该马上开始做准备工作。
2．由whether引导
The
question
is
whether
the
film
is
worth
seeing.
问题是这部电影是否值得一看。
The
question
remains
whether
they
will
be
able
to
help
us.
问题还是他们能否帮我们。
【温馨提示】
whether
可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
3．由连接代词引导
He
is
no
longer
what
he
was.
他已经不是以前的他了。
You
are
not
who
I
thought
you
were.
你已不是我过去所想象中的你。
What
I
want
to
know
is
which
road
we
should
take.
我想知道的是我们应走哪条路。
4．由连接副词引导
That
was
when
I
was
fifteen.
这是我15岁时发生的事。
That’s
where
I
first
met
her.
那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。
That’s
why
he
didn’t
come.
这就是他没有来的缘故。
That’s
where
you
are
wrong.
这就是你不对的地方。
The
problem
is
how
we
can
find
him.
问题是我们如何找到他。
5．由as
if
,
as
though引导
It
looked
as
if
he
had
understood
this
question.
看起来他好像理解这个问题了。
Now
it
was
as
though
she
had
known
Millie
for
years.
现在好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。
At
that
time,
it
seemed
as
if
I
couldn’t
think
of
the
right
word.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
6．由because引导
It’s
just
because
he
doesn’t
know
her.
这是仅仅因为他不认识她。
That’s
because
you
can’t
appreciate
music.
这是因为你不能欣赏音乐。
【温馨提示】
because
可引导表语从句，但与之同义的since,
as,
for等也不用于引导表语从句。
三、连词that的省略问题
引导表语从句的that通常不省略，但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略。
The
trouble
is
(that)
he
is
ill.
糟糕的是他病了。
My
idea
is
(that)
we
should
do
it
right
away.
我的意见是我们应该马上干。
四、表语从句中应注意的问题
1．表语从句一定要用陈述语序
(×)The
question
is
when
can
he
arrive
at
the
hotel.
(√)The
question
is
when
he
can
arrive
at
the
hotel.
2．不可以用
if，而用whether连接表语从句(的情况)
(1)位于介词后要用whether，位于句首时要用whether；
(2)引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether。
(×)The
question
is
if
the
enemy
is
marching
towards
us.
(√)The
question
is
whether
the
enemy
is
marching
towards
us.
3．不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致
(√)The
question
is
who
will
travel
with
me
to
Beijing
tomorrow.
(√)The
question
is
why
he
cried
yesterday.
4．that,
why,
because引导表语从句的区别
(1)that,
why,
because都可引导表语从句。表示原因的名词(reason,
cause)作句子主语时，后面的表语从句常用that
引导，不可用because。
The
reason
why
he
was
late
was
that
he
missed
the
first
train
this
morning.
他迟到的原因是他错过了今天早上的第一班火车。
(2)
because
引导的表语从句常用于“that’s
because...
”结构，说明的是原因。
why
引导的表语从句常用于“that’s
why
...
”结构，说明的是结果。
I
was
late
for
school
this
morning.
That’s
because
I
stayed
up
too
late
last
night.
今天早上我上学迟到了。那是因为我昨晚熬夜了。
I
stayed
up
too
late
last
night.
That’s
why
I
was
late
for
school
this
morning.
我昨晚熬夜了。这就是我今天早上上学迟到的原因。
5．主语是表示建议、命令、要求、计划(suggestion，advice，proposal，order，command，demand，request，requirement，plan)等的名词时，表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
My
suggestion
is
that
we
(should)
set
off
early
tomorrow.
我的建议是我们明天早点出发。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The
traditional
view
is
____________we
sleep
because
our
brain
is
“programmed”
to
make
us
do
so.
2．See
the
flags
on
top
of
the
building?
That
was
__________
we
did
this
morning.
3．The
energy
is
____________makes
the
cells
able
to
do
their
work.
?针对练习
4．What
I
want
to
know
is
____________
he
likes
the
gift
given
by
us.
5．The
problem
is
____________
we
can
get
to
take
the
place
of
Ted.
6．The
reason
why
he
failed
is
____________
he
was
too
careless.
7．The
trouble
is
____________
we
are
short
of
tools.
8．America
was
____________
was
first
called
“India”
by
Columbus.
9．What
he
really
means
is
____________
he
disagrees
with
us.
10．I
had
neither
a
raincoat
nor
an
umbrella.
That’s
____________
I
got
wet
through.
【答案】1．that　2．what　3．what　4．whether　5．who　6．that　7．that　8．what　9．that　10．why
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．You
are
saying
that
everyone
should
be
equal,
and
this
is
__________________
.
你说每个人都应该是平等的，这是我不同意的地方。
2．What
made
the
school
proud
was
__________________
had
been
admitted
to
key
universities.
让学校感到骄傲的是，超过90%的学生被重点大学录取。
3．__________________
fewer
and
fewer
students
showed
interest
in
her
lessons.
她不能理解的是为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣。
4．What
your
father
wants
to
know
is
__________________
getting
on
with
your
studies.
你父亲想知道的是你的学习情况如何。
5．What
surprised
me
was_______________
he
said
it.
使我吃惊的不是他说什么，而是他说话的方式。
【答案】1．where
I
disagree
2．that
more
than
90%
of
the
students
3．What
she
couldn’t
understand
was
why
4．how
you
are　
5．not
what
he
said
but
the
way
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．This
research
has
done
much
to
__________(促进；进步)
our
understanding
of
language
learning.
2．She
has
already
tried
her
best.
Please
don’t
be
too
____________(挑剔的)
about
her
job.
3．There
is
__________(可靠的)
evidence
to
show
he
wasn’t
there
when
the
crime
took
place.
4．His
__________(最初的)
reaction
to
this
matter
is
excellent.
5．I
want
to
know
what
your
__________(思想；见解)
is
on
this
question.
6．Scientists
have
recently
provided
us
with
some
worrying
____________(发现；研究结果)．
7．An
unknown
__________(病毒)
has
just
attacked
my
computer.
8．Fish
was
a
major
source
of
________________(蛋白质)
for
the
working
man.
9．Those
______________(细胞)
divide
and
give
many
other
different
types.
10．This
bridge
over
the
river
has
a
steel
____________(框架)．
【答案】1．advance　2．particular　3．solid　4．initial
5．thinking　6．findings　7．virus　8．protein
9．cells　10．framework
3．________________
you
______________
Jim
is
to
blame
for
the
failure
of
the
experiment.
4．See,
your
computer
has
broken
down
again！It
doesn’t
__________________
to
buy
the
cheapest
brand
of
computer
just
to
save
a
few
dollars.
5．The
meeting
room
is
non?smoking
area.
I
would
like
to
warn
you
__________________
that
if
you
smoked
here
you
would
be
fined.
【答案】1．get
over　2．get
down
to　3．Not
only;
but
also　4．make
sense
5．in
advance
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．___________________
asking
questions
if
you
don’t
listen
to
the
answer.
如果你不听答案，提问题就没有意义了。
2．It
was________________
that
I
realized
the
importance
of
team
work.
直到上学期，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。
3．___________________
Spanish,
but
she’s
also
good
with
computers.
她不仅会说西班牙语，而且电脑也操作得很好。
4．Tang
Poetry
is__________________
the
next
class,
scheduled
on
July
20
in
the
school
library.
唐诗是我们下节课要学的内容，预定于7月20日在学校图书馆进行。
5．__________________
he
can
come
to
Jenny’s
birthday
party
or
not.
他是否能来参加珍妮的生日聚会还不确定。
【答案】1．There
is
no
sense
in　
2．not
until
last
term
3．Not
only
does
she
speak
4．what
we
are
going
to
learn
5．It
is
uncertain
whether(共126张PPT)
UNIT
2　BRIDGING
CULTURES
Period
One　Reading
and
Thinking
课前自主预习
¤重点单词
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
1
severe
/s?'v??(r)/
adj.
?
极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的
2
contradictory
/?k?ntr?'d?kt?ri/
adj.
?
相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
3
infection
/?n'fek?n/
n.
?
感染；传染
4
subscribe
/s?b'skra?b/
vi.
?
认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
5
proof
/pru?f/
n.
?
证据；证明；检验
6
multiple
/'m?lt?pl/
adj.
?
数量多的；多种多样的
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
7
household
/'ha?sh??ld/
n.
?
一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人
8
suspect
/s?'spekt/
/'s?spekt/
vt.
&vi.
n．
?
怀疑；疑有；不信任
犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
9
blame
/ble?m/
vt.
n.
?
把……归咎于；责怪；指责
责备；指责
10
handle
/'h?ndl/
n.
vt.
?
把手；拉手；柄
处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)
11
intervention
/??nt?'ven?n/
n.
?
介入；出面；干涉
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
12
link
/l??k/
n.
vt.
?
联系；纽带
把……连接起来；相关联
13
raw
/r??/
adj.
?
未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的
14
pure
/pj?(?)r/
adj.
?
干净的；纯的；纯粹的
15
substantial
/s?b'st?n?l/
adj.
?
大量的；价值巨大的；重大的
序号
重点词汇
音标
词性
英译汉
词义
汉译英
16
decrease
/'di?kri?s/
/d?'kri?s/
n.
vt.
&vi.
?
减少；降低；减少量
(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
17
statistic
/st?'t?st?k/
n.
?
统计数字；统计资料；统计学
18
transform
/tr?ns'f??m/
vt.
vi.
?
使改观；使改变形态
改变；转变
19
microscope
/'ma?kr?sk??p/
n.
?
显微镜
(说明：此表格为学生巩固本课时的词汇所设计，所选单词均为教材词汇表中黑体部分，建议反复使用。根据单词写出汉语意思，或根据所给出的汉语写出英语单词，以加深印象。请使用者根据词汇表自行检查效果。下同)
1．最终地；彻底地
_________________
2．同意；赞同
_________________
3．水泵
_________________
4．幸亏；由于
_________________
5．过去常常做某事
_________________
6．感到沮丧
_________________
¤重点词块
once
and
for
all　
subscribe
to　
water
pump　
thanks
to　
used
to
do
sth.
feel
frustrated　
7．最后；迟早
_________________
8．照料
_________________
9．生孩子
_________________
10．通常；一般而言
_________________
11．be
determined
to
do
sth.
________________
12．suspect...
of...
_________________
13．be
to
blame
for
_________________
in
time　
attend
to　
give
birth
to　
in
general　
决定做某事　
怀疑……　
对……应负责任　
14．what
is
more
_________________
15．as
a
result
of
_________________
16．be
linked
to
...
_________________________
_________________
17．raw
material
_________________
18．pure
water
_________________
19．on
the
decrease
_________________
20．transform...
into...
_________________
更重要的是；而且　
由于　
与……连接；与……有关联，
与……有联系　
原材料　
纯净水　
在减少；在降低　
把……转变成……　
1．(P2)
As
a
young
doctor,
John
Snow
became
frustrated
because
no
one
knew
____________
(如何阻止或治疗)
cholera.
(“特殊疑问词＋to
do”作宾语)
2．(P2)
He
discovered
that
in
two
particular
streets
the
cholera
outbreak
was
__________________
(如此严重以至于)
more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days.
(so...
that...
句式)
¤重点句式
3．(P2)
Snow
began
by
marking
on
a
map
the
exact
places
__________all
those
____________had
lived(那些死去的人都住在哪里)．(定语从句)
4．(P2)
__________________
(好像；似乎)
the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
(it
seems
that句式)
5．(P2)
Accordingly,
he
_____________(把泵的把手拿走)
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
(have
sth.
done)
【答案】
1．how
to
prevent
or
treat　
2．so
severe
that　
3．where;
who
died　
4．It
seemed
that　
5．had
the
handle
of
the
pump
removed　
Ⅰ．阅读课文JOHN
SNOW
DEFEATS
“KING
CHOLERA”，匹配段落大意
¤课文预读
(　)Paragraph
1
(　)Paragraph
2
(　)Paragraph
3
(　)Paragraph
4
(　)Paragraph
5
A.
Finally
“King
Cholera”
was
defeated.
B．John
Snow
wanted
to
use
his
knowledge
to
solve
cholera.
C．He
got
interested
in
two
theories
explaining
how
cholera
killed
people.
D．He
needed
to
prove
the
second
theory
was
correct.
E．He
finally
found
out
that
dirty
water
was
the
cause
of
cholera.
【答案】1－5　BCDEA
Ⅱ．阅读课文，判断信息正误
(　　)1．Cholera
causes
severe
diarrhoea,
dehydration,
but
never
causes
death.
(　　)2．In
the
early
18th
century,
millions
of
people
died
from
the
outbreak
of
cholera
in
Europe.
(　　)3．In
general,
doctors
in
those
days
had
two
contradictory
theories
to
explain
how
cholera
spread.
(　　)4．John
Snow
discovered
that
in
two
particular
streets，the
outbreak
of
cholera
was
so
severe
that
more
than
5,000
people
died
in
ten
days.
(　　)5．With
enough
evidence,
John
Snow
was
able
to
announce
that
the
pump
water
carried
cholera
germs.
(　　)6．Fortunately,
we
now
know
how
to
prevent
cholera
because
of
the
work
of
John
Snow.
【答案】1－6　FFTFTT
Ⅲ．阅读课文，选择正确选项
(　　)1．According
to
John
Snow’s
view,
______.
A．Queen
Victoria
suffered
a
lot
from
bad
health
B．a
cure
had
been
found
for
cholera
before
his
time
C．Cholera’s
cause
had
to
be
discovered
in
order
to
control
it
D．thousands
of
terrified
people
knew
what
they
should
do
(　　)2．Which
of
the
following
theories
did
John
Snow
believe
in?
A．A
cloud
of
dangerous
gas
would
float
around
until
it
found
its
victims.
B．People
absorbed
cholera
into
their
bodies
with
their
meals.
C．People
got
infected
with
cholera
because
of
cold
and
hunger.
D．People
suffered
from
cholera
because
they
were
not
clean.
(　　)3．Before
1854,
when
cholera
broke
out,
______.
A．many
thousands
of
people
died
B．people
with
cholera
could
be
cured
C．John
Snow
began
to
know
its
cause
D．John
Snow
became
inspired
(　　)4．How
did
people
defeat
“King
Cholera”？
A．By
not
polluting
the
river
again.
B．By
eating
healthy
diets.
C．By
delivering
the
water
from
other
rivers.
D．By
stopping
drinking
the
polluted
water.
(　　)5．What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A．John
Snow
was
a
well?known
doctor
in
London.
B．The
cause
of
cholera
was
the
polluted
water.
C．The
source
of
all
drinking
water
supplies
should
be
examined.
D．How
John
Snow
found
the
cause
of
cholera
and
defeated
it.
【答案】1－5　CBADD
课堂新知讲练
1．severe
adj.
极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的
(P2)This
illness
causes
severe
diarrhoea,
dehydration,
and
even
death.
【翻译】这种疾病会导致严重的腹泻、脱水，甚至死亡。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)be
severe
on...
对……严厉
be
severe
with
oneself
严于律己
(2)severe
weather
恶劣的天气
severe
disease严重的疾病
severe
looks严肃的表情
(3)severely
adv.
严重地；严格地；严厉地
【用法详解】
We
must
be
severe
with
ourselves.
我们必须对自己严格。
The
professor
is
rather
severe
on
his
students.
这位教授对他的学生相当严厉。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I
do
not
like
to
be
severe________
anyone,
but
our
own
situation
is
serious.
(2)You
should
first
of
all
be
severe
________yourself
and
set
an
example
to
your
kids.
(3)A
fire
had
__________(severe)damaged
the
warehouse.
【答案】(1)on　(2)with　(3)severely
2．infection
n．感染；传染
(P2)Another
was
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
infection
from
germs
in
food
or
water.
【翻译】另一种说法是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。
(1)infect
vt.
使感染；传染
be
infected
with...
感染上……，传染上……
(2)infectious
adj.
感染的；传染性的
【用法详解】
Anyone
with
a
bad
cold
may
infect
the
people
around
him.
任何患重感冒的人都有可能传染给他周围的人。
The
severe
injuries
will
soon
become
infected.
重伤的人很快就会被感染。
Some
people
can
be
infected
with
the
disease
and
have
mild
symptoms.
有些人可能感染了这种疾病，症状轻微。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Every
year,
there
are
people
unlucky
enough
to
be
infected
________
the
flu.
(2)Don’t
you
find
her
enthusiasm
________(infect)?
完成句子
(3)Are
you
sure
there
is
______________now?
你确定现在没有感染的危险吗？
(4)The
composer_____________
terrible
bacteria
and
soon
died.
这位作曲家感染了可怕的细菌，不久之后就死了。
【答案】(1)with　(2)infectious
(3)no
danger
of
infection
(4)was
infected
with
3．subscribe
vi.
认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
(P2)Snow
subscribed
to
the
second
theory.
【翻译】斯诺赞同第二种理论。
(1)subscribe
to
订阅(报纸、杂志等)；签字认可，同意；向……捐赠
subscribe
for
预定；认购
(2)subscription
n．订金；订阅；签署
subscriber
n．订户；捐献者
【用法详解】
I
would
like
to
subscribe
to
a
Dictionary
of
American
Slang.
我想订一本《美国俚语词典》。
We
subscribed
to
a
few
journals.
我们订了几本杂志。
I
was
unwilling
to
subscribe
to
the
contract,
but
it
seemed
that
I
had
no
choice.
我不愿意在合同上签字，但我似乎别无选择。
Only
mad
people
would
subscribe
to
such
views.
只有疯子才会赞同这种观点。
How
many
shares
did
you
subscribe
for
in
the
new
company?
你在这家新公司认购了多少股份？
【语境串记】
The
subscriber
never
subscribes
to
the
view
that
he
is
richer
than
others.
捐助者从不认为自己比别人富有。
【针对练习】
指出下列各句中subscribe
to的含义。
(1)I
can’t
subscribe
to
your
plan
because
it
is
not
reasonable.
________
(2)They
refused
to
subscribe
to
the
agreement.________
(3)We
subscribe
to
an
animal
protection
society.________
(4)Which
journals
does
the
library
subscribe
to?________
单句语法填空
(5)She
used
to
subscribe
________
an
environmental
action
group.
【答案】(1)同意　(2)签名　(3)捐赠　(4)订阅　(5)to
4．suspect
vt.
&.
vi.
怀疑；疑有；不信任
n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
(P2)Snow
suspected
that
the
water
pump
was
to
blame.
【翻译】斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。
suspect
vt.
怀疑；认为；n.
犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
suspect
sb.
to
be＋n.
/adj.
怀疑某人……
suspect
sb.
of
doing
sth.
怀疑某人做了某事
be
suspicious
of/about...
对……怀疑
【用法详解】
The
above
complaints
are,
I
suspect,
just
the
tip
of
the
iceberg.
我想，以上的抱怨只是冰山一角。
He
resigned
after
being
suspected
of
theft.
他被怀疑有偷窃行为，随后就辞职了。
【特别提醒】
accuse
sb.
of
sth.
指控某人某事
warn
sb.
of
sth.
警告某人某事
cheat
sb.
of
sth.
欺骗某人某事
inform
sb.
of
sth.
通知某人某事
remind
sb.
of
sth.
提醒某人某事
rob
sb.
of
sth.
抢劫某人某事
convince
sb.
of
sth.
使某人相信某事
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)—What
happened
to
him?
—He
__________________
at
the
party
last
night,
and
the
police
were
looking
into
the
matter.
他被怀疑在昨天的聚会上偷了戒指，警察正在调查这个事件。
(2)I
began
to
__________________
me.
我开始怀疑他邀请我的动机。
句型转换
(3)I
suspect
that
he
is
the
pickpocket.
(用suspect
sb.
to
be...
改为简单句)
I
suspect__________________
.
【答案】(1)was
suspected
of
stealing
the
ring
(2)suspect
his
motivation
in
inviting
(3)him
to
be
the
pickpocket
5．blame
vt.
责怪；指责；把……归咎于
n.
指责；责备
(P2)Snow
suspected
that
the
water
pump
was
to
blame.
【翻译】斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。
(1)
blame
sb.
for...
因……而指责某人
blame
sth.
on
sb.
把……归咎于某人
be
to
blame
for
sth.
因某事而指责某人(
主动形式表被动意义)
(2)
take
/
bear
the
blame
承担责任
put/place
the
blame
on
sb.
把责任推到某人身上
【用法详解】
But
I
often
had
crazy
dreams
in
which
I
was
to
blame
for
Miller’s
accident.
但我经常做疯狂的梦，在这场事故中我应该为Miller的事故负责。
Lots
of
people
find
it
hard
to
get
up
in
the
morning,
and
put
the
blame
on
the
alarm
clock.
很多人发现早上起床很难，就把责任推到闹钟上面。
【语境串记】
Don’t
always
blame
your
own
failure
on
others.
Sometimes
you
yourself
are
to
blame,
that
is
to
say，you
should
take
the
blame
for
failure.
不要总是把自己的失败归咎于别人。有时候你自己应该受到责备，也就是说，你应该为失败承担责任。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)They
think
the
blame
should
be
placed
__________the
conductor.
(2)Mrs.
Green
stood
up
in
defence
of
the
16?year?old
boy,
saying
that
he
was
not
the
one
__________(blame)．
完成句子
(3)The
police
had
figured
out
the
cause
of
the
traffic
accident
and
it
was
the
lorry
driver
that
should
____________________
it.
警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，是那位卡车司机应为此负责。
【答案】(1)on　(2)to
blame
(3)take
the
blame
for
6．handle
n．把手；拉手；柄
vt.
处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)
(P2)Accordingly,
he
had
the
handle
of
the
pump
removed
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
【翻译】因此，他把泵的把手拿下来，这样它不能使用。
the
handle
of
a
knife
刀柄
turn
the
handle
转动把手
【用法详解】
He
refused
to
allowed
his
secretary
to
handle
secret
documents.
他拒绝让他的秘书处理机密文件。
I’m
afraid
this
isn’t
the
proper
way
to
handle
the
case.
恐怕这不是处理此事的恰当方法。
Press
the
button
and
you
can
easily
handle
the
machine.
按下这个按钮，你就可以轻松地操作机器了。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)__________________
and
you
will
open
the
safe.
转动把手，你就能打开保险柜。
(2)The
pilot
knows
how
to
__________________
.
飞行员知道如何驾驶飞机。
(3)Fortunately,
we
know
________________________
like
this.
幸运的是，我们知道如何处理这样的情况。
【答案】(1)Turn
the
handle
(2)handle
a
plane
(3)how
to
handle
situations
7．link
n．联系；纽带vt.
把……连接起来；相关联
(P3)Moreover，Snow
was
later
able
to
show
a
link
between
other
cases
of
cholera
and
the
different
water
companies
in
London.
【翻译】而且，斯诺后来还指出了其他霍乱病例和伦敦不同供水公司之间的联系。
link...
to/with把……与……连接；联系
be
linked
with把……与……联系起来
【用法详解】
Fingerprints
linked
the
suspect
to
the
crime.
指纹证实了犯罪嫌疑人的犯罪行为。
Yellow
is
linked
with
confidence,
self?respect
and
friendliness.
黄色一般与自信、自尊和友好相关。
【特别提醒】
“和……有联系”的其他短语：be
associated
with;
be
connected
with;
be
related
to
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)He
________closely
__________in
the
public
mind
________
horror
movies.
在公众心目中，他总是和恐怖电影紧密联系在一起。
(2)There
are
many
serious
health
problems
which
__________________
smoking.
→We
always
__________
many
serious
health
problems
__________
smoking.
有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。
【答案】(1)is;
linked;
with　(2)are
linked
with;
link;
with/to
8．decrease
n．减少；降低；减少量
vt.
&vi.
(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
(P3)Through
Snow’s
tireless
efforts,
water
companies
began
to
sell
clean
water,
and
the
threat
of
cholera
around
the
world
saw
a
substantial
decrease.
【翻译】
通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售洁净水，霍乱对世界各地的威胁大幅减少。
(1)a
decrease
in...
……的减少
on
the
decrease在减少
(2)decrease(from...
)to...
(从……)减少到……(表示减少后的量)
decrease
by...
减少了……
(表示减少的量)
decrease
in...
在……方面减少
【用法详解】
There
has
been
some
decrease
in
imports.
进口有所减少。
This
species
of
bird
is
decreasing
in
number
every
year.
这种鸟的数量每年都在减少。
They
decreased
the
size
of
the
group
from
25
to
15．
他们把小组人数从25人减少到15人。
The
number
of
cyclists
running
traffic
lights
is
on
the
decrease.
骑自行车闯红灯的人数正在减少。
According
to
the
statistics,
the
output
of
the
grain
decreased
by
ten
percent
last
year.
据统计，去年粮食产量下降了百分之十。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)
The
number
of
the
students
in
each
class
is
____
the
decrease.
(2)
The
decrease______
sales
was
almost
20
percent.
(3)The
production
of
wheat
has
decreased
________20%
because
of
the
dry
weather.
(4)The
latest
warm
period
has
caused
the
number
of
glaciers
to
decrease
________
150
in
1850
to
26
today.
【答案】(1)on　(2)in　(3)by　(4)from
9．thanks
to幸亏；由于
(P3)Fortunately,
we
now
know
how
to
prevent
cholera,
thanks
to
the
work
of
John
Snow.
幸运的是，多亏了约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。
【用法详解】
【易混辨析】
?
状语
表语
定语
说明
thanks
to
√
×
×
“多亏”，指好的方面
owing
to
√
√
×
可与due
to互换
due
to
√
√
√
一般不放在句首
because
of
√
×
×
着重某个结果的原因
Thanks
to
his
efforts,
it
is
more
successful
than
we
have
expected.
由于他的努力，比我们预期的更成功。
They
decided
to
lend
him
the
money
owing
to/due
to/because
of
his
good
reputation.
由于他的好名声，他们决定借钱给他。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Thanks
____________
the
timely
rain,
the
crops
were
saved.
辨析填词：thanks
to/due
to/because
of/owing
to
(2)He
was
out
of
work
__________
a
physical
injury.
(3)Most
of
the
problems
were
________
human
error.
(4)________________your
help,
I
got
the
position
advertised
in
the
newspaper.
(5)The
town
was
cut
off
from
the
rest
of
the
world____________
heavy
snow.
【答案】(1)to　(2)due
to/owing
to/because
of
(3)due
to/owing
to
(4)Thanks
to/Owing
to/Because
of
(5)due
to/owing
to/because
of
10．transform
vt.
使改观；使改变形态
vi.
改变；转变
(P3)Moreover,
in
his
use
of
maps
and
statistics,
Snow
transformed
the
way
scientists
study
diseases.
【翻译】此外，通过使用地图和统计数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
(1)
transform...
into...
把……变成……
transform...
from...
to...
把……从……变成……
be
transformed
from...
to...
由……变成……；由……迁到……
(2)transformation
n．转变；变化
【用法详解】
In
only
20
years
the
country
has
been
transformed
into
an
advanced
industrial
power.
这个国家只用了20年时间就变成了一个先进的工业强国。
The
movie
transformed
her
almost
overnight
from
an
unknown
schoolgirl
into
a
well?known
star.
这部电影让她几乎一夜之间从一位不知名的女学生变成一个众所周知的明星。
【特别提醒】
“把……变成……”的表达方式还有：
(1)translate...
into...
把……变成……；把……翻译成……
(2)change/turn...
into...
把……变成……
(3)divide...
into...
把……变成……；把……划分成……
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The
Browns
have
transformed
their
garage
________
a
guest
house.
(2)In
recent
years
his
ideas
have
undergone
a
complete
__________
(transform)．
(3)His
characters______________(transform)
by
success
and
wealth
since
years
ago.
完成句子
(4)They
successfully
__________________
__________________
a
global
one.
他们成功地把这家公司变成了一家全球性的公司。
(5)The
art
gallery
__________________
______________
an
old
railway
station.
美术馆是由旧火车站改建而成的。
【答案】(1)into　
(2)transformation
(3)have
been
transformed
(4)transformed
the
company
into
(5)was
transformed
from
1．(P2)It
seemed
that
the
woman
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
【翻译】这个女人似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水，所以她每天都让人把水送到家里来。
◇句式解读
【句式剖析】
本句是主从复合句。It
seemed
that...
(看来……)，that
引导主语从句，it是形式主语。另外这个句子里还有“so...
that...
”(如此……以至于……)和“have
sth.
done”
(让某事被做)这两个结构。
【归纳拓展】
(3)“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的用法有以下几种：
have
sb.
/sth.
doing让某人做某事(动作具有持续、进行含义)
have
sb.
do让某人做某事
have
sth.
done让/请别人做某事；遭受到
It
turned
out
that
we
were
wrong.
结果证明我们错了。
It
happened
that
he
was
out
that
day.
碰巧他那天出去了。
He
was
so
foolish
that
he
accepted
her
invitation.
他接受她的邀请真是太傻了。
It
is
so
good
a
camping
spot
that
I’d
like
to
go
there
again.
这个露营地点如此好，以至于我想再去一次。
There
were
so
few
guests
that
the
host
felt
sad.
宾客如此之少，主人为此感到伤心。
It
is
such
a
heavy
box
that
I
can’t
lift
it.
这个箱子如此重以至于我提不起来。
They
are
such
lovely
children
that
we
all
love
them.
这些孩子非常可爱，我们都喜欢他们。
【特别提醒】
当“so＋形容词/副词”及such...
放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
So
afraid
was
he
in
the
darkness
that
he
didn’t
dare
to
move
an
inch.
在黑暗中，他太害怕了，一步也不敢动。
Such
a
difficult
question
did
I
find
it
is
that
I
can’t
work
it
out.
我发现这个题太难，我算不出。
They
tried
to
have
her
talking,
but
no
use.
他们想让她说话，但没用。
She
had
planned
to
have
her
daughter
marry
Laurie.
她本打算让女儿嫁给劳里。
As
we
left
we
had
a
photograph
taken
together.
临走时，我们一起照了相。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)__________________that
you
disagree
on
the
plan.
在我看来你不同意这个计划。
(2)__________________
the
harvest
was
bad
that
year.
那年碰巧收成不好。
(3)We
did__________________
we
were
invited
to
share
our
idea
and
experience
with
all
the
students
of
our
school.
我们做得很好，以至于被邀请与学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。
(4)She
is
_____________we
all
like
her.
她是一个非常可爱的女孩，我们都喜欢她。
(5)In
order
to
make
herself
more
beautiful,
she____________
yesterday.
为了使自己更漂亮，她昨天把头发剪了。
(6)It
is
not
a
good
idea
to
______________all
the
time.
让机器一直运转不是一个好主意。
【答案】(1)It
seems
to
me　(2)It
happened
that
(3)so
well
that　(4)so
lovely
a
girl
that/such
a
lovely
girl
that
(5)had
her
hair
cut　(6)have
the
machine
running
2．(P3)Through
Snow’s
tireless
efforts,
water
companies
began
to
sell
clean
water,
and
the
threat
of
cholera
around
the
world
saw
a
substantial
decrease.
【翻译】通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售洁净水，霍乱对世界各地的威胁大幅减少。
【句式剖析】
“the
threat
of
cholera
around
the
world
saw
a
substantial
decrease”是一个以无生命的名词词组作主语的句式。“无生命的名词＋see/find/witness…”意为“……经历、发生、见证、目睹某事”。
有些动词，如see,
find,
witness等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时经历、发生、见证或目睹某事。
【归纳拓展】
The
city
has
seen
great
changes
since
1990．
自1990年以来，这个城市发生了巨大的变化。
The
twentieth
century
witnessed
two
world
wars.
二十世纪经历了两次世界大战。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)________________
the
improvement
of
people’s
life.
这棵老树见证了人们的生活得到了改善。
(2)________________him
wandering
alone
in
the
evening.
傍晚，他独自一人在寂静的街道上徘徊。
英译汉
(3)The
last
ten
years
have
witnessed
great
changes
in
our
city.
_______________________________________
(4)The
street
light
found
the
girl
crying.
_______________________________________
【答案】(1)The
old
tree
has
seen　(2)The
quiet
street
found
(3)过去十年我们的城市发生了巨大的变化。
(4)街灯下那个女孩在哭。
3．(P3)Moreover,
in
his
use
of
maps
and
statistics,
Snow
transformed
the
way
scientists
study
diseases.
【翻译】此外，通过使用地图和统计数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
【句式剖析】
本句是主从复合句。“scientists
study
diseases”是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰“the
way”。
在含有定语从句的复合句中，the
way作先行词时有以下三种情况：
(1)关系词在定语从句中作状语，关系词用in
which，that或省略。
(2)关系词在从句中作主语，关系词用that或which。
(3)关系词在从句中作宾语，关系词用that,
which或省略。
【归纳拓展】
During
those
times,
music
can
help
you
in
the
same
way(that/in
which)it
helped
me.
在那些时候，音乐可以像帮助我一样帮助你。
He
found
a
way
which/that
led
to
success.
他找到了一条通向成功的路。
The
way(that/which)he
told
me
sounds
ridiculous,
but
I
will
give
it
a
try.
他告诉我的方法听起来很可笑，但我要试一试。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)What
surprised
me
was
not
what
he
said
but
the
way
________
he
said
it.
(2)No
one
will
support
the
way
________
he
mentioned
at
the
meeting.
(3)Is
this
the
way
__________
was
against
by
many
people?
完成句子
(4)The
Smiths
are
praised
for__________________their
children.
史密斯夫妇因教育孩子的方式而受到称赞。
(5)I
don’t
know_________________
such
a
big
fire.
我不知道汤姆是怎么在这么大的火灾中幸存下来的。
(6)Is
this
the
way
you
can
imagine_________________
?
这是你能想象到的减少空气污染的方法吗？
【答案】(1)in
which/that/省略　(2)that/which/省略
(3)which/that　(4)the
way
they
bring
up
(5)the
way
Tom
survived
(6)to
reduce/of
reducing
the
air
pollution
课文读练专训
Ⅰ．配对练习
1．Cholera
used
to
be
one
of
the
most
feared
diseases
in
the
world
_____________.
2．As
a
young
doctor,
John
Snow
became
frustrated_______.
3．Another
was
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
infection
________________.
4．As
a
result
of
this
evidence,
John
Snow
was
able
to
announce
________________.
5．The
people
who
drank
this
water
were
much
more
likely
to
get
cholera
________________.
A．how
to
prevent
cholera
B．from
germs
in
food
or
water
C．that
the
pump
water
carried
cholera
germs
D．that
more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days
E．than
those
who
drank
pure
or
boiled
water
F．because
no
one
knew
how
to
prevent
or
treat
cholera
G．until
John
Snow
showed
how
it
could
be
overcome
【答案】1．G　2．F　3．B　4．C　5．E
Ⅱ．课文语法填空
John
Snow
was
a
famous
doctor
in
London
in
the
19th
century.
He
was
so
expert
that
he
attended
to
Queen
Victoria
1．__________
she
gave
birth.
However,
he
was
frustrated
because
no
one
knew
how
to
prevent
or
treat
cholera,
one
of
the
most
feared
2．__________(disease)
in
the
world.
At
that
time,
there
were
two
3．__________(contradict)
theories
to
explain
how
cholera
spread.
One
was
that
bad
air
caused
the
disease.
John
Snow
subscribed
4．__________
the
other
that
cholera
was
caused
by
an
5．____________(infect)
from
germs
in
food
or
water.
6．______________(consequent),
when
an
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
London
in
1854,
Snow
began
to
investigate.
He
marked
on
a
map
7．____________
exact
places
where
all
those
who
died
had
lived.
With
the
help
of
the
map,
he
got
a
valuable
clue
about
the
cause
of
the
disease
and
he
suspected
that
the
water
pump
was
8．______________(blame)．So
he
had
the
handle
of
the
pump
9．____________(remove)
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
Through
this
intervention,
the
disease
was
stopped
in
its
tracks.
By
using
maps
and
statistics,
Snow
10．__________
(transform)
the
way
scientists
study
diseases.
For
this
reason,
Snow
is
considered
the
father
of
modern
epidemiology.
【答案】1．when　2．diseases　3．contradictory
4．to　5．infection　6．Consequently　7．the
8．to
blame　9．removed　10．transformed
Ⅲ．课文概要写作
根据课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Cholera
used
to
be
one
of
the
most
feared
diseases
and
John
Snow
wanted
to
prevent
it(要点1)．There
were
two
theories
about
cholera
and
he
tried
to
prove
the
second
one
was
correct(要点2)．Finally,
John
Snow
found
out
the
cause
of
cholera
and
solved
it(要点3).
Therefore,
John
Snow
is
considered
the
father
of
modern
epidemiology(要点4)．
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Before
the
1830s,
most
newspapers
were
sold
through
annual
__________(subscribe)
in
America,
usually
from
$8
to
$10
a
year.
2．A
large
number
of
people
were
__________(severe)
injured
in
the
accident.
3．____________(suspect)
the
traveler
of
carrying
drugs,
the
customs
official
stopped
him
and
went
through
his
suitcase.
4．Either
he
or
his
wife
is
__________(blame)
for
the
bad
behavior
of
the
boy.
5．Most
food
webs,
for
instances,
consists
of
many
weak
________(link)
rather
than
a
few
strong
ones.
6．They
____________(defeat)
their
enemies
before
they
could
get
help.
7．Although
her
relatives
didn’t
think
she
could
live
for
three
months,
the
old
doctor
finally
cured
her
______her
disease.
8．Experts
warn
that
medical
waste
from
hospitals,
if
not
__________(handle)
properly,
may
contribute
to
spreading
diseases.
9．__________(decrease)
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
to
protect
the
environment，more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials.
10．The
fats
in
fish
are
thought
to
help
prevent
heart
disease.
But
it
seems
________
many
people
don’t
cook
fish
at
home.
【答案】1．subscriptions　2．severely　3．Suspecting
4．to
blame　5．links　6．had
defeated　7．of
8．handled　9．To
decrease　10．that
4．The
police
__________
him
_____________
having
taken
the
money.
5．The
spokesman
said
that
the
poor
safety
standards
___________________
for
last
Sunday’s
accident.
6．It
is
obvious
that
lung
cancer
_____________
heavy
smoking.
【答案】1．Thanks
to　2．once
and
for
all
3．be
infected
with　4．suspected;
of
5．were
to
blame　6．is
linked
to
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．It
is
my
honor
to
be
here
to
share
with
you
my
opinions
on_______________
in
senior
high
school.
我很荣幸能在这里和大家分享关于高中学什么的看法。
2．The
houses
in
the
city
are___________________
families
with
low
income
can’t
afford
to
buy
one.
城市里的房子太贵了，低收入家庭买不起。
3．__________________
he
explained
the
sentence
to
us
was
not
difficult
to
understand.
他向我们解释这个句子的方式并不难理解。
4．__________________
most
houses
have
been
destroyed
by
the
storm.
看来大多数房屋都被暴风雨毁坏了。
5．Tom__________________
an
hour
before
his
plane
left.
汤姆的行李在飞机起飞前一小时被检查了。
【答案】1．what
to
learn　2．so
expensive
that　3．The
way
that　4．It
seems
that　5．had
his
luggage
checked