2012年高考信息英语研讨会
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文档简介
(共187张PPT)
新课程 新理念 新高度 新措施
高考英语《考试说明》解读
高考改革步伐
2007年课标试卷地区5： 沪， 粤，鲁，琼，宁
2008年增加地区6： +1苏
2009年增加地区11： +5津，皖，辽，浙，闽；
2010年增加地区16： +5京，吉，黑，湘，陕。
（累计达16个省区市，课改卷基本定位八级程度。）
2011年20：+4山西、江西、河南、新疆,江西自主命题，其余三个省区使用全国新课标卷；
2012年+4云南、湖北、内蒙、河北
2013年+6 四川、广西、甘肃、重庆、青海、贵州
新课程高中英语要求：
重视提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力；逐步培养学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力。信息社会，学会获取信息和处理信息、分析和解决问题是每个公民必须具备的能力，高中阶段应该特别重视对这一能力的培养，使学生终身受益。
课改承载了强国、育人、创新的使命，贯穿了新的理念、新的框架、新的内容体系，提出了新的教学方式、新的教育功能。毫无疑问，新一轮的课改决不仅仅是换一套教科书，而是一场教育观念的更新、人才培养模式的改变，是一场涉及课堂教学方式、学习方式以及学校日常管理等全方位的变革。
新课程教学评价要求
终结性评价必须以考查学生综合语言运
用能力为目标，考试应包括口试、听力
考试和笔试等形式，全面考查学生综合
语言运用能力。口语测试应着重检测学
生的表达与沟通能力和交际的有效性。
听力测试（占考试比例不少于20%），着重检测学生理解和获取信息的能力，不应该把脱离语境的单纯辩音题或语法知识题作为考试内容。
笔试应当避免单纯语音知识题或语法知识题；应该增加具有语境的应用型试题的比例；适当减少客观题，增加有助于学生思维表达的主观题。
英语学业考试的命题应遵守以下原则
1. 要依据课程标准来确定考查内容与标准；
2. 要着重考查学生的综合语言运用能力，避免单纯考查语言知识；
3. 要充分考虑学生的实际生活和身心发展水平；
4. 要选用真实、地道的语言素材，根据语言实际使用情况命题；
5. 要确保试题的信度和效度，杜绝繁、偏、旧的试题，要控制题量；
6. 要根据试题的考查目的和考查重点，科学合理地制定评分标准。
（最新修订稿）
新课程改革下的考试说明解读
抓住基本点
（以不变应万变）
关注变化点
（挑战理想高分）
研究发展点！
（有可持续发展）
全国课标卷《考试说明》“2+5”：
I.试卷性质
II.考试内容
+5附录
附录1：语音 附录 2：语法项目
附录3：功能 附录4：话题
附录5：词汇表
全国课标卷 《考试说明》
I.试卷性质
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是由合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学历的考生参加的选拔性考试。高等学校根据考生的成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。因此，高考应有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分度。
II.考试内容
根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，依据中华人民共和国教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中课程方案（实验）和《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》，确定本学科考试内容。
全国课标卷结构
项目 考查内容 分值 时间
听力 听力理解 30分（20小题） 20分钟
知识 运用 单项填空 完形填空 45分（35小题） 25分钟
阅读 理解 阅读理解 阅读（7选5） 40分（20小题） 35分钟
写作 短文改错 书面表达 35分（2小题） 40分钟
150 120
课改原则：总体稳定 局部调整 稳中求进
大纲卷结构（含听力）
项目 考查内容 分值 时间
听力 听力理解 30分（20小题） 20分钟
知识运用 单项填空 完形填空 45分（35小题） 25分钟
阅读理解 阅读理解 40分（20小题） 35分钟
写作 短文改错 书面表达 35分（2小题） 40分钟
150 120
考试内容—考核目标与要求
一、语言知识
要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1-5），要求词汇量为3500左右。
注：各省市可以根据本地实际情况在《考试说明》中对词汇量进行适当调整，但不得低于2500个单词；同时，应制订计划，在一定时间内分期、分批增加至3500个动词。
考核目标与要求
二、语言运用
1、听力
要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：
1）理解主旨要义(中等2 ）
(8.What are two speakers talking about )
任何一段对话或独白总会围绕一个主旨或一个中心思想展开。有时，主旨要义会比较明确；有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白，考生需要自己去归纳、概括。
2）获取具体、事实性信息（较易、中等10 ）
为了说明和支持主旨，对话或独白总会出现一些具体信息，例如时间、地点、人物等。这些信息常常是听力部分的重点考查项目。
3）对所听内容作出推断（中等7 ）
话语发生的场合、说话者之间的关系等对话语含义的理解起着举足轻重的作用。这些背景知识的推断能力，在一定程度上可以体现一个人对口语的理解能力，因而也是听力测试所要考查的重点项目之一。
4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度（较难1 ）
(19.What is Dr Garfield’s opinion about dreaming )
一般来讲，说话者总会有说话的意图，或是提出问题或回答问题，阐述自己的想法，或表明自己的态度或意见，对此的理解或推断在一般交往中非常重要。有时，说话者的意图或观点是明确说出来的，有时则隐含在对话的字里行间，需要听者自己去揣摩、推断。
北京卷《说明》语言技能考查要求：
听 (2011年77% 满分人数7839)
主要考查理解和处理口头语言材料的能力。
1. 理解归纳话语的主旨要义（3）
2. 获取事实性信息（7）
3. 根据所获取的信息进行简单推断（5）
4. 理解说话者的意图、观点和态度
5. 记录或加工所获取的信息 （5）
(2011 four vegetable Melissa brown shorts)
（2010 wrong 3c56 system special credit)
解答听力试题能力
快速预测技能
快速理解关键信息的能力
快速反应、判断语气、语调意义的能力
边听、边记的技能
《考试说明》---语言运用
2、阅读
1）理解主旨要义（中等难度2-3）
(66.Which of the following might be the best title for the text )
2）理解文中具体信息（中下8-10）
命题专家往往要求考生根据不同的要求，阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻找所需的细节。这些细节对理解全文内容是关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。
3）根据上下文推理生词的词义（中1-2）
(64.What does the word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to )
能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。此外，阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义通过上下文推断出来。这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力，是合格的读者所必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读测试中检测的一种能力。
4）作出判断和推理（中上4-6）
(57.What can be inferred from the fact that milkman had the key to the boy’s house )
5）理解文章的基本结构（中）
如果作者希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。课标卷的阅读部分第二节即对此项语言能力专项进行考查。
6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度（难1-2）
每一篇文章都有特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递信息，或是讲授某个道理。而这些信息通常不是明确表达出来的，而是隐含在文章之中。因此，这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领悟作者的言外之意。
（2011年阅读试题中等难度试题量加大）
年份 总词汇量 短文词量 试题词量
2007 2014 1425 589
2008 1981 1283 698
2009 1941 1260 681
2010 1921 1397 524
2011 1837 1299 538
阅读量
北京卷读：
主要考查阅读理解不同文体语篇的能力。
1. 理解归纳语篇的主旨要义（2）
2. 获取事实性信息（6）
3. 利用上下文推测词义（1）
4. 推断隐含意义（5）
5. 理解作者意图、观点和态度（1）
6. 理解句子、段落之间的逻辑联系（5）
(针对新题型:7选5)
7. 理解语篇的基本结构
（46% 满分人数131）
不同文体2011：
A 记叙文（55%）：记叙一位老人实现自己小小梦想的故事。（2010对动物的关爱）
B 应用文（56%）：投稿要求。（2010记者人生价值追求）
C 议论文（53%）：针对上学期间是否过多使用现代科技进行论述，阐述观点（阅读二）。(2010D篇议论大学学费是个人还是政府支付）
D 说明文（34%）：说明铁路、高速、新能源对美国西部的影响。 (2010C篇说明不同文化背景的人际交际习惯差异所带来的影响）
阅读2 （35%） 一卷满分10人
体裁：议论文
话题：抽象思考能力和演讲能力的分析
与议论
考点：归纳定义1 逻辑推理 2
段落要义概括 1 判断例证1
阅读理解考查点：
除阅读7项技能外还渗透:
认知策略:
能借助情景和上下文推测词义和文章大意；能利用归纳逻辑手段分析和解决问题；
交际策略：
交际中善于克服障碍，维持交际。
文化意识：
初步了解英语语言与英语国家文化的关系；
在使用英语的过程中，能发现隐含在语言中的对他国文化的态度；
初步了解主要英语国家重要文化现象的渊源；
初步了解英语国家文化在日常生活和人们价值观的体现。
解答阅读理解试题能力
话题知识（背景知识熟悉度）
语言知识基础（词汇语法量增加）语篇理解的复杂度加大
读题能力。题干、选项的设计难度加大
读速策略
文化、情感水平
阅读新题型特点
语篇难度加大
文段结构清晰
题目设计人文
减少猜测概率
回读思考提高
《考试说明》---语言运用
3、写作
1）清楚、连贯地传递信息、表达意思；任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题，考生应该能够围绕主题，借助一些句型、词组等的支持，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。
2）有效运用所学语言知识。
语言的准确性是写作中不可忽略的一个重要方面，因为它直接或间接地影响到信息的传输。应用语法结构和词汇的准确程度是写作部分评分标准的一项重要内容，拼写和标点符号运用的正确与否也会在一定程度上影响到考生的成绩。
课标卷特点：起点低，要求高。
2011年短文改错的选材无论在内容上，还是文字上都比较简单，文中的错误也都是初、中级英语学习者写作时常犯的。例如考查了在短文中准确使用冠词、代词、名词、动词、连词等。与2010年课标卷相比基本一致，与大纲卷相比难度加大。
2011年课标卷短文改错
My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy (buying) a ticket to Hangzhou. I was going to visit a friend here (there) and after that I would go to Xiamen for (a) long holiday. I bought my ticket but (and) turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.
Luckily I had all my money on (in) my pocket, but the only clothes I had was (were) those I had on. It felt very strange to travel without any luggages (luggage) . When I finally arrived at my friend (friend’s) he lent to me (lent me) lots of clothes. I feel (felt) very happy that I could change my clothes at last.
2010年课标卷短文改错
My friend Nick told me (a) story about his experience back in the US, which was very interested (interesting). One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come (came) by to help. As the old man looked over the things on (in) the yard that were to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball (balls) for Christmas trees.
On the box was a card say (saying): “25 cents each.” “You will never sell these for that much,” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has brought (brought) the price up (down) to 10 cents a piece. Without a moment’s delay, my (his) neighbor picked up the box but (and) announced, “I’ll take them.”
2011年课标卷书面表达试题
假如你是李华，正在一所英国学校学习暑期课程，遇到一些困难，希望得到学校辅导中心的帮助。根据学校规定，你需书面预约，请按下列要点写一封信：
1、本人简介；
2、求助内容；
3、约定时间；
4、你的联系方式（Email:lihua@; Phone:12345678)
注意：
1、词数100左右
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3、开头和结束语已为你写好
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student taking summer courses in your university. I’m writing to ask for help. I came here last month and found my courses interesting. But I have some difficulties with note-taking and I have no idea of how to use the library. I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I’m anxious to get help from you. I have no class on Tuesday mornings and Friday afternoons. Please let me know which day is OK with you. You may email or phone me. Here are my email address and phone number: lihua@;12345678.
Look forward to your replay.
2011年书面表达试题（命题组）
要求考生具备扎实的语言基础知识，涉及了动词时态、语态的正确使用，要求正确使用一般将来时、现在进行时等；能够正确使用名词从句、定语从句、状语从句等；能够正确运用非谓语动词如不定式、分词短语等。好文的看点：考生要能够应用较多的语法结构和词汇、尽量使用复杂或较高级的词汇，有效地使用语句间的连接成分，使文章结构紧凑。试题的开放性加强。
北京卷--写
（1-45% 2-35:%=41% 30高分人数48）
主要考查根据写作任务的要求进行英语书面表达的能力。
1. 根据不同文体，使用恰当的语言形式完成书面交际任务
2. 运用正确的句式、词汇和语法叙述，描述，表达观点、态度和情感
3. 做到文章扣题， 内容充实（要点和细节结合），结构完整，逻辑性强，语意清晰
学习策略----交际策略
根据使用环境得体地使用语言
（情景作文）；
通过解释、重复、举例和实证等方式澄清或论证观点（开放作文）；
在真实交际中注意并遵守英语交际的基本礼仪；
善于克服语言障碍，维持交际。
（书面表达鼓励不同层次的考生克服语言障碍，运用已有词汇、语法等知识尽可能传达丰富的思想。）
完成情景作文的前提除了认真审题，了解体裁，确定内容要点及相关细节以外，还应当注重文章的连贯性，这样才能使文章中的内容与细节有逻辑性地结合在一起，准确完整地完成题目规定的写作任务。
优秀文2010：
On Saturday, I searched the Internet with my grandparents for some information. While grandpa was concerned with the hotels and grandma worried about the weather there, I focused on the train tickets. With my help, they got all the details quickly.
In the afternoon, I went to the train station to get the tickets I had booked on the Internet. Although there was a long queue, I got the tickets within 20 minutes.
In the evening, I helped my grandmother pack her suitcase for the trip. Nothing was missed ---umbrella in case it would rain; a map of Beidaihe, two pairs of sunglasses to prevent the burning sunlight and some T-shirts and slippers. Grandma patted on my head and praised me that I had grown up. I felt proud.
Early in the morning on Sunday, I waved them goodbye at the train station and wished them an interesting and relaxing trip. Seated on the chairs in the train, they smiled and waved back, eyes twinkling and faces brightened up.
Grandpa and grandma have devoted so much to me, from raising me up to teaching me life-philosophies. Now I’m grow-up, I feel a strong need and responsibility to pay them back. That’s the reason why I did this. I love my grandparents.
命题组评价：
本文完全完成了试题规定的任务，覆盖了所有的内容要点和细节，达到了预期的写作目的。整篇文章内容连贯、结构紧凑，描述每幅图的段落都以内容要点为段落主题句，细节为支撑句，脉络清晰。为了表达丰富的内容，考生运用了多样的句式和词汇，体现了考生较高的语言运用能力。
（一档文 ）
二挡文（15-17分）
Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.
First of all, I surfed the Internet to get some information about the trip. I searched the cost of the hotel and train tickets at the station. Next, I helped them prepare their luggage. I and my grandma put a map, two sunglasses, sweaters, laptops and an umbrellas into bag. Finally, I saw them off on the platform at night.
I thought what I did was very meaningful. And I was satisfied with myself for doing these things.
评价：本文完全完成了试题规定的任务，达到了预期的写作目的。 覆盖了所有的内容要点并且有细节支撑。文章的语言简洁，语言质量较高，考生所运用的句式和词汇能满足任务的要求，但是达不到内容丰富的要求。如果考生在叙述时能把时间的概念细化，买票排队和站台送行的场景细化，内容就会丰富很多。
三挡文（12-14分）
Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.
At first, I used the computer to find how to book the train tickets and my grandpa wanted to know where will they live, and which hotel is better. My grandma wanted to know what is the weather like in Beidaihe.
Then I went to the “Solding tickets station” to buy two tickets.
Return to home, I prepared two glasses and a map of Beidaihe for them and took some clothes, shoes in the box, at this time my grandma came in and let me take the unbrelly.
Finally, I took my grandparents to the train which from Beijing to Beidaihe, and said goodbye to them.
评价：
本文基本完成了试题规定的任务。文章覆盖了各幅图的内容要点，而且有相关细节支撑，内容比较连贯，有一定连接成分。考生的语言基本功还有待提高，文中有明显错误。
摘抄积累
背诵默写
缩写改写
中英互译
写作复习
高分考生谈写作：
我的方法是抄范文然后有空的时候读一读，范文要包括几种英语中常见的文体，例如：书信、看图作文等等，在范文中其实有很多语句你在写作文时候是可以借鉴的，但是首先是你要记得住。另外英语作文有别于语文作文，它只要求你能用你已经学过的句子把题目所要求的一点一地表达出来。
短文背诵可以帮助你在篇章理解中记忆单词、短语和句型，是记忆单词和短语的有效方法之一；“读书百遍，其意自见”，背诵的过程就是语言输入和积累的过程，对写作直接有效，真正做到写时“落笔生花”！当你背诵了30~50篇后，就会对英语的感觉开始发生改变----语感初步形成。
背诵是学习语言的硬道理、真工夫！最原始的却是最有效方法。
量化要求：Practice makes perfect!
知识底子厚，应考无压力，读写轻松过！
好词500;800;1000
好句100-300
好文50--100
有足够的语言输入，才会有流畅的语言输出！
Of all my teachers, Mr. More is the one who impresses me most. Though he is 34, he looks very young for his age. And he’s one of the most popular teachers in our school.
Compared with other teachers, Mr. Moore pays more attention to his way of teaching. He tries various ways to make his classes lively and interesting. In his opinion, we should not only know “what”, but also understand “why”. So, instead of giving us answers immediately, he encourages us to think by ourselves whenever he puts forward questions. With his help, we’ve learned how to asettle problems. What a wonderful world of “why” he leads us to! He is such a learned person that we all admire him very much. (记人)
欣赏与背诵:写人,叙事,记活动,发表观点
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s a famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather was fine. It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of us were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visited temples and told stories. On the way up I busy taking pictures since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passed quickly. Evening came. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive but the service was good. I was so tired that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow. (叙事)
Recently I’ve made a survey about the school uniforms and found out that students have 1 different opinions about wearing uniforms.
Many students are in favor of wearing school They say that it is good for training the students’ character. And it can help avoid sorting the students by their clothing.
However, some students are against wearing school uniforms, for they think it is very uncomfortable to wear school uniforms. In their mind, wearing school uniforms is no good for the development of students’ personalities.
On the whole, students have different ideas about wearing uniforms. It may help the student management, but not good for personality development. (发表观点)
《考试说明》5附录
语 音
词 汇
语 法
功 能
话 题
《课程标准》语音项目表为（附录1）
1. 基本读音（8项）
2. 重音（2项）
3. 读音的变化（4项）
4. 语调与节奏（3项）
5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语
交流中的运用
6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧
7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异。
《考试说明》语法项目表为（附录2）
1.名词 2.代词 3.数词 4.介词和介词短语
5.连词 6.形容词 7.副词 8.冠词
9.动词 10.时态 11.被动语态 12.非谓语动词
13.构词法 14.句子种类 15.句子成分
16.简单句的基本句型 17.主谓一致 18.并列复合句
19.主从复合句 20.间接引语 21.省略
22.倒装 23.强调 24.虚拟语气
2011全国 单项填空 动词7 句子2
23. Planning so far ahead ___ no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.（中等难度）
A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made
24. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ___ polite.
A. was just being B. will just be
C. had just been D. would just be
29. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ____ there.
A. had been lying B. has been lying
C. was lying D. has lain
27. The next thing he saw was smoke ___ from behind the house.
A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen
26. I can ___ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with B. put up with
C. turn to D. stick to
34. William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eye-sight was beginning to __.
A. disappear B. fall C. fail D. damage
22. Try ___ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
A. if B. when C. since D. as
31. The prize will go to the writer ____ story shows the most imagination.
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
2010年北京
课标卷
第一年
与大纲卷
相比难度
加大
单项填空
（通过率57%）
满分267人
动词-8
句子-5
（=13分）
考查点 题号 题量
介词 29 1
冠词 35（7%） 1
情态动词 23 1
非谓语动词 21、25 2
时态语态 22、24、26、28 4
语气 34 1
定语从句 27 1
状语从句 30（45%） 1
主语从句 33（40%） 1
宾语从句 31（36%） 1
表语从句 32（57%） 1
2011年北京
单项填空
与2010
保持一致
动词-9
句子-4
（=13分）
（通过率59%）
满分人数
增加1405人
考查点 题号 题量
介词 35（54%） 1
代词 34（73%） 1
情态动词 24 （60%） 1
非谓语动词 25、33（62%） 2
时态语态 21、23、27、32（62%） 4
语气 28（31%）30（45%） 2
定语从句 26（61%） 1
状语从句 29（72%） 1
主语从句 22（68%） 1
宾语从句 31（41%） 1
（2011动词考查点: 9小题-60%）
1. Experiments of this kind had been conducted in both the U.S and Europe well before the Second World War.(66%)
2. Tom has been working in the library every night over the last three months.(54%)
3. -- Bob has gone California.
-- Oh, can you tell me when he
left (74%)
4.--That must have been a long
trip.
-- Yeah, it took us a whole week
to get there. (57%)
5. – Where are the children The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
-- I wish they weren’t always
late. (31%)
6. It is important for the figures to be updated regularly. (68%)
7. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping on your feet. (62%)
8. Maybe if I had started science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.(45%)
9. -- I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him
--Don’t worry. He might not come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. (60%)
（2011从句考查点4小题--62%:）
1. What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honest and happiness.(68%)
2. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to others, which, of course, made all the others upset.(60%)
3. While volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball .(72%)
4. The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.(41%)
语法数量和质量要求的变化：
动词
时态增加2项（大纲8—课标10）：
将来进行时态和现在完成进行时态。
语态：表述宽泛，提高了要求（4-6）
现在进行时态被动语态
现在完成时态被动语态
非谓语动词：
表述宽泛，提高了考查要求。
句子：
增加了与句子相关的语法项目如补语、间接引语、省略句、倒装、强调等。
Dear Editor, （05全国卷）
Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They always say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years, and is well-known at home and abroad. So it should remain where it is. What’s more, moving may cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision which has to be made by people in Beijing.
2011(广东卷)
以下是一本图书的基本信息及相关报道。
基本信息：
书名：Battle Hymn of the tiger Mother
作者：Amy Chua,美籍华人，耶鲁大学教授
出版时间：2010
内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事
效应：引发中美教育方式孰优孰劣的讨论
相关报道：
中文版：2011初开始在中国销售
意外反应：多数中国妈妈不赞同作者的做法
最新消息：17岁的大女儿被哈佛大学和耶鲁大学录取
写作内容：
根据以上信息写一篇图书介绍，内容包括
图书的基本信息
图书的相关报道
写作要求：
只能用5个句子表达全部内容。
The book Battle Hymn of the tiger Mother written by Amy Chua, a Chinese American, who is a professor in Yale University, was published in 2010.
The book is about how the author educated her two daughters with Chinese traditional education mode, which brought about heated discussion about which is better between Chinese education mode and American education mode.
In early 2011, the book came onto the market in China.
Contrary to people’s expectation, most of the Chinese mothers are not in favor of the author’s way she educated children.
However, according to the latest news, her elder daughter has been admitted into Yale University as well as Harvard University.
(对考生从句，非谓语运用能力要求高)
英语新课标语法教学新理念
新课程标准提倡的高中语法教学要从用的角度出发。更重要的一点是，要发展学生比较强的语法意识。也就是说，语法教学不能只局限在语法的范畴内，必须与逻辑思维联系起来，与人说话的意识联系起来，与篇章语境联系起来，与题材、体裁联系起来,与词汇的用法联系起来，与文化联系起来。
高中英语课程标准指出；“高中阶段的语法教学，应从语言运用的角度出发，把语言的形 式、意义和用法有机地结合起来。要引导学生在语 境中了解和掌握语法的表意功能。”
（语法）课标对大纲的发展
强调语法的表意功能，而不是语法形式本身；
突出语法学习过程的观察、思考、归纳和语法规则的发现和认识过程；
突出语法的运用。
语法教学课例
教学目标
能够在不同语境中恰当地运用现在分词；
能够在语境中准确识别现在分词的功用；
能够了解中西文化差异，增进跨文化理解。
重点：
学生能够正确识别和使用现在分词做定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
难点：
在真实语境中恰当使用现在分词。
不同难度的练习
看图编故事
Company Logo
导入
文化
差异
小故事
第一课时分析
阅读课型
读前
读中
读后
作业
预测
情景
T/F/NI;
表格
讨论
中西
文化
差异
课文
复述
巩固操练
综合运用
导入
语言聚焦
单词填空
改写句子
描述图片
作业
第二课时语法
Objectives
By the end of this period, we will be able to:
● find out different uses of Present Participles
● make up stories by using Present Participles
● have an awareness of culture differences
My friend went back to his room and closed the door behind him.
She looked very embarrassed and said that it was a cheap one she had bought a long time ago.
2012/2/18
uschool.org
95
closing
,saying
Find sentences with similar meanings in the text.
设计意图：使用现在分词使句子更加简明、直接、生动。
Lead in
Read and underline
Martin
What did I learn about Chinese customs from my exciting exchange to China Well, the Chinese are extremely welcoming.
One evening, I was invited to a Chinese family dinner. I had a good appetite and the food was yummy. But my host kept on putting more food in my rice bowl.
They didn't seem to hear me saying “No, thank you” in my poor spoken Chinese.
This was a very special experience I had in China. In my culture, you don't get more food if you don't ask for more.
Jin Li
When I first arrived in San Francisco, I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things. Once I went to visit an American friend. After a splendid evening, I finished my cocoa and got ready to leave. As soon as we said goodbye, my friend went back to his room closing the door behind him. It made me feel that I was not really welcome.
Wang Lei
I've always been outgoing but since an embarrassing experience in a New York restaurant I've been much more cautious. I was enjoying my dessert and talking to my American friend Janice at the table when I noticed people staring at us. I asked Janice what was wrong and she told me that I was talking too loudly. She said that to some American people, it sounded like I was shouting. I whispered for the rest of the evening.
I guess.
Tom
I had a similar experience the last time I visited China. The Chinese are the friendliest people I have ever met. After my visit to a Chinese family, my friend's grandfather wouldn't let me go to the bus station alone. He insisted on walking me to the station to see me off. I kept saying that I knew the way myself, but it just did not work. What he did was amazing. This will not happen in many other cultures,、
I guess.
Tina
Chinese people are very modest too. Last time, when I visited China, we saw the tour guide wearing a very pretty fur coat on the day we left. I told her the coat suited her, but she looked very embarrassed, saying that it was a cheap one she had bought a long time ago. I was surprised. In my culture, when people say nice things about us, we feel very happy and say thanks.
Read the five passages again and underline Present Participles. Work in pairs to identify the use of each.
1. As soon as we said goodbye, my friend went back to his room closing the door behind him.
2. Well, the Chinese are extremely welcoming.
3. They didn’t seem to hear me saying “No, thank you” in my poor spoken Chinese.
4. I’ve always been outgoing but since an embarrassing experience in a New York restaurant ...
…
设计意图：回归文本，识别现在分词的用法。
状语
表语
宾补
定语
Language Practice1
Ss fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets (Ex 7 P41)
Hong Jin arrived at the University of Leeds on 20 January. It was (1)_______ (freeze) cold. (2)_______ (turn) on the tap in his flat, Hong Jin found that there was no (3)_______ (run) water. He called the landlord, (4)_______ (ask) what was wrong. The landlord said, “Oh dear, the pipes have frozen!”
设计意图：巩固现在分词用法。
Language Practice2
Rewrite the following sentences, using Present Participles. (Ex9 P41)
1. As I know a lot of people need my help, I became an education.
2. The Volcano erupted and killed all the dinosaurs.
3. When the detective climbed out of the window, he waved to his partner who was waiting for him in his car.
4. ...
设计意图：巩固现在分词做状语的用法。
Knowing
, killing
climbing
Language Practice3
Describe the following pictures by using Present Participle.
watch …
设计意图：练习使用现在分词描述图片。
Language in use
Make up a story about Liu Lei by using Present Participles.
watch …
设计意图：小组活动编故事，同时学会倾听和记录信息。
《课程标准》功能项目表为（附录3）
共11大项68小项。
1.社会交往 2.态度 3.情感
4.时间 5.空间 6.存在
7.特征 8.计量 9.比较
10.逻辑关系 11.职业
《课程标准》话题项目表为（附录4）
1.个人情况 2.家庭、朋友与周围的人
3.周围的环节 4.日常活动 5.学校生活
6.兴趣与爱好 7.个人情感 8.人际关系
9.计划与愿望 10.节假日活动 11.购物 12.饮食 13.健康 14.天气 15.文娱与体育 16.旅游与交通 17.语言学习 18.自然 19.世界与环境 20.科普知识与现代技术 21.热点话题 22.历史与地理 23.社会 24.文学与艺术
2011年阅读理解试题选材
A篇: 作者讲述童年轶事，追忆一段童年友谊以及儿时送奶的经历给自己留下了美好的记忆。
B篇：讲述英国高人俱乐部的成立，引发人们关注他们的衣食住行。
C篇：美国经济下滑引发蔬菜、水果、燃油飙升，自种蔬菜受欢迎。
D篇：四则招聘广告
文章选材内容贴近学生生活实际，理解难度不大。中档试题比例加大。
语言知识目标（附录5词汇表）
八级---词汇
运用词汇理解和表达不同的功能、意图和态度；
在比较复杂的情况下，运用词汇给事物命名、进行指称、描述行为和特征、说明概念等；
学会使用3300个左右的单词和400—500个习惯用语或固定搭配。
北京卷八级词汇的使用
项目 2010 2011
听力 interviewer interviewee appointment coach complaint section entertainment seek receptionist queue
完形 stage-design director instantly impress competent intention comment remark evaluate reliable punctual motto reflect identify confirm acknowledge foster accessible assign tease tryout session motivate commit preserve insist
课标卷八级词汇的使用
阅读 2010 2011
A abandon previous eventually sympathetic effectiveness complexity inspire reputation parachute downward community
B stage-design director instantly impress competent intention comment remark evaluate reliable punctual motto reflect identify confirm acknowledge foster accessible manuscript issue range finance unique additional anecdote nonfiction qualification version thoroughly submit feature contributor
课标卷八级词汇的使用
阅读 2010 2011
C expectation coincidental interrupt phenomenon non consequence inability psychological stereotype Theme thoroughly assume relate complex inspiration evaluation reflect reject regulation despite conservation
D individual resource funding economy invest mobility taxpayer academics incompetent capital generate transmission significance community grant section alternative scarify accommodation idea region negotiate construct abandon approve
课程标准词汇教学理念
英语新课程标准对词汇教学指出：“词汇教学理念与传统教学有很大不同。从目标描述来看对词汇教学的要求是从运用的角度出发，而不是从定义的角度入手。” 在具体情景中教授词汇，不但可以帮助学生理解，而且有助于他们在交际中恰当地使用所学词汇，从而体现外语教学的交际方向性。词汇的使用，是在语言运用过程中表现出来的。通过有意义的句子或篇章的学习，可以使学生学会单词的意思和用法。对于程度好的学生，教师可以采取英英释义的方法学习新单词。广义的词汇教学，要教文化、教交际、教思考、教学习、教语言。
新课程词汇教学4强调
1、强调对词汇的运用
2、强调词汇教学要结合语境
3、强调词汇学习要形成有效的学习策略
4、强调词汇学习要养成良好的学习习惯
（词汇）课标对大纲的发展
词汇量增加；
注重用词汇表达意义，而不是孤立地学习词汇；
更强调词汇的表意功能，强调学生要学会使用词汇来表达不同的功能、意图和态度。
坚实的英语基本功由三个支柱性的能力组成
一是名词的使用能力
二是动词的使用能力，
三是形容词的使用能力。
动词的使用能力，三方面的基本功：
一是动词的时态，
二是动宾的搭配，
三是动词的准确选用。
词汇复习---词不离句记忆词汇
1. Beijing, the Capital of China, is one of the largest cities in the world.
2. Sam enjoys collecting stamps.
3. The supermarket is next to the post office.
4. There are many books and magazines in our library.
5. I’m different from my twin sister. I love dancing, but she is interested in reading.
6. It snowed heavily last night and now the streets are covered with snow.
7. Edison had many inventions during his life.
8. More and more foreigners have come to visit China over these years.
9. The doctor said that Mary’s mother needed an operation.
10. The teacher is pleased with her honesty. She never tells lies.
11. When I am in trouble, my teacher always encourages me to face my difficulties.
12. With my teacher’s help, I have made great progress in English.
13. Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters---in other words, I am only child.
14. We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead of ourselves.
15. Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit.
16. Everyone has his favorite stars and there is nothing worng with that.
17. Tom didn’t play football yesterday because he had hurt his leg.
18. The water felt cool when I jumped into the pool.
19. You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practise your listening.
20. You can learn English not only from books but also from people around you.
21. The museum is quite near. Why not go there on foot
22. He spent so much time playing computer games that he was not interested in his lessons.
23. The Bird Nest is so beautiful that all of us want to visit it as soon as possible.
24. I enjoy my success when I win a game.
25. Playing table tennis is a lively activity.
26. I compared the copy with the original, and there wasn’t much difference.
27. Heavy traffic is causing serious delays on all routes to the coast.
28. Listening to the music has a calming influence on her.
29. She didn’t like the work because it lacked variety she was doing the same things all the time.
30. I get along with others easily, which is especially useful for a volunteer.
句不离文，文不离道。
加大无选项训练
这种训练方法就是要求考生在没有选项的情况下对空缺处进行补充。这种方法有利于考生对全文的语句和行文逻辑进行剖析，有助于培养发散性思维。并且，做完后思考自己在填词过程中所犯错误的过程也是提升自我改错能力的过程。
My father died when I was a few months old. After his death, my mother moved back to Louisville, Kentucky, where 1 had grown up. We lived in a small house with her older sister, Marion, and their mother. This was a time when being a single 2 was still considered unusual.
Key
My father died when I was a few months old. After his death, my mother moved back to Louisville, Kentucky, where 1 (she) had grown up. We lived in a small house with her older sister, Marion, and their mother. This was a time when being a single 2 (parent) was still considered unusual.
When I was small, there was a children’s book called The Happy Family, and it was a real piece of work. Dad worked all day long at the office, Mom cooked in the kitchen, and brother and sister always had friends sleeping over. The image of the family in this book was typical of the time. It looked 3 like my family, but luckily that wasn’t the way I heard it. The way my Aunt Marion read it to me made the story really 4 .
When I was small, there was a children’s book called The Happy Family, and it was a real piece of work. Dad worked all day long at the office, Mom cooked in the kitchen, and brother and sister always had friends sleeping over. The image of the family in this book was typical of the time. It looked 3 (nothing) like my family, but luckily that wasn’t the way I heard it. The way my Aunt Marion read it to me made the story really 4 (funning).
Kind-hearted and open-minded, my aunt was the one who played baseball with me, who took me horseback riding, who took me to the father-son dinners and who gave me lessons on how to drive. Believing that anything 5 was probably good for me, she 6 to get a loan so that I could go to Africa to work as a volunteer, which was my most important experience.
As a young girl, Aunt Marion always planned to have a large number of children of her own, but she never got married. This 7 that she was free to spend all her time taking care of me. Many people say we have a lot in common. She always 8 me to do my best. She never 9 to make me believe that I could do anything with my life that I wanted, if I only tried hard enough.
Kind-hearted and open-minded, my aunt was the one who played baseball with me, who took me horseback riding, who took me to the father-son dinners and who gave me lessons on how to drive. Believing that anything 5 (unsual) was probably good for me, she 6 (offered) to get a loan so that I could go to Africa to work as a volunteer, which was my most important experience.
As a young girl, Aunt Marion always planned to have a large number of children of her own, but she never got married. This 7 (meant) that she was free to spend all her time taking care of me. Many people say we have a lot in common. She always 8 (expected) me to do my best. She never 9 (failed) to make me believe that I could do anything with my life that I wanted, if I only tried hard enough.
For more than sixty years, Aunt Marion didn’t and still doesn’t think of herself. 10 she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, and she doesn’t think that her efforts have made much 11 I honor my aunt, who taught me the things my 12 couldn’t. So every June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I’ve sent her a Father’s Day card.
For more than sixty years, Aunt Marion didn’t and still doesn’t think of herself. 10 (Unless) she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, and she doesn’t think that her efforts have made much 11 (deference). I honor my aunt, who taught me the things my 12 (father) couldn’t. So every June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I’ve sent her a Father’s Day card.
模仿是最好的老师
创新源于模仿，模仿是学习英语的基础，也是创新的基础。只有在你通过模仿，真正掌握了英语的灵魂、精髓之后，才可能谈到自己的语言风格。要读各种不同类型的文章、名家的文章，重复地读过多遍而能真正理解了之后，就一丝不苟地去模仿。模仿得越像越好，这是英语学习的最基本的常识。
学习英语成功谈
重复是技能之母
“Repetition is the mother of skills.”重复是技能之母，任何技能的获得，均来自重复。重复原则与量的原则缺一不可，在学习英语中的任何技能（听、说、读、写），都必须在量的基础上再反复重复。熟练掌握的词和句一定是你重复过无数遍的，这些被重复的东西已经变成了你的一部分，因此你能把它们运用自如。
课标卷的启示
夯实知识基础
强化读写训练
学会灵活变通
关注社会 关注生活
把握试题，明确方向
试题—是为实现特定的检测目的，以问题化的形式、要求考生在有限时间内完成规定性指令的书面操作、并以量化形式、来描述考生在处理该学科问题时所表现的能力高低的载体。
明确试题功能
从学习心理学的角度看， 通过试题，考查考生是否能够将所学习的结果，进行成功的迁移。迁移成功与否，取决于两个条件：
一是，考生对相关知识的理解、掌握，以及考生的思维能力、对自己心理活动的自控能力；二是，考生对迁移的新情景的熟悉程度，是否有处理类似问题的经验、技能。通过试题外在呈现形式，检测考生内在的学科能力（学习迁移能力）心理特质。
学科能力考查
高分考生特点：
目标明确
计划缜密
全力以赴
不言放弃
成功的人擅于找方法
失败的人喜欢找借口
高分考生风格：敢于挑战自我
“一个人过去或现在的情况如何并不重要，将来想获得什么成就才是最重要的。”
“我们现在处在什么地方并不重要，重要的是看我们朝什么方向移动。”
高分考生风格：
“神射手之所以神，并不是他的箭好，而是因为他瞄得准。”
“一个人如果没有明确的目标，以及达成这项目标的具体计划，不管他如何努力，都像失去方向的轮船。就是辛勤的做事，也尚不足以使一个人获得成功”
高分考生风格：
“愚者错过机会，弱者等待机会，智者把握机会，强者创造机会。” “悲观者只看见机会后面的问题，乐观者却看见问题后面的机会。乐观者不仅能看到眼前的问题，还能发现问题后面的机会。发现机会是以自身的才能和努力为前提的。”
“遇事绝望，这正是很多人失败的根源。成功更多依赖的是人的再一次的尝试而不是天赋与才华。”
三步有效复习策略
第一步：依标整理
第二步：强化训练
第三步：查缺补漏
第一步：依据课标，整理知识
英语学习的基石：词汇+语法。挑战高分首先要过好词汇语法关：
核心词汇：1500 （1000+500）；核心语法：时态、语态、从句
词汇复习重点：强化中级记忆理解运用
词汇一通万事无忧！
认字能力强，阅读无障碍：理解准、读速快，拿高分！
用字能力强，写作无障碍：写得对、用得活，拿高分！
突破中级语法：
灵活运用动词时态: 321 语态：3+2
掌握复合句: 连词使用
突破非谓语动词: 明确逻辑主语
第二步 强化训练
训练目的：吃透试题，增强题感
训练计划：每次三套，两周见效
训练内容：真题演练，专题突破
第二步 强化训练
训练目的：吃透试题，增强题感
训练计划：每次三套，两周见效
训练内容：真题演练，专题突破
高三备考积极开展课题研究：
“任务驱动式复习”研究
“小组合作式”复习课研究
“讲练结合”复习课研究
“自我反思式” 试卷讲评课研究
“自评式”试卷讲评课研究
“自学式、讨论式”讲评课研究
“专项试题”讲评课
复习建议
复习备考有 “面” 有 “点”, 点面结合
词汇复习背中练, 练中用, 背练结合
语法复习用中练,练中用, 练用结合
技能提高练中悟法,贵在得法
挑战高分: 准确+速度!
复习 “十六”字诀
照纲—按考纲内容进行知识的梳理总结,提炼精华.
顾面—进行全面系统复习.
抓点—在全面复习基础上,抓住重点,突破难点.
理线—发现知识之间的关系.滚动加厚.
归类—深化知识,强化记忆.
助记—利用分类记忆,联想记忆,比较记忆,读写记忆,句意记忆,短文记忆等方法加强记忆.
精讲—突出重难点,语言简洁,画龙点睛.
善练—复习以基础题,常见题为主,打破思维定势，采用多种形式有效进行训练.
复习课设计原则
提炼升华
—站在学科高度看知识（抓本质、上高度，换角度）、杜绝简单重复
—构建知识体系
有的放矢
—了解学生问题、避免面面俱到
注重实效
—学生的参与程度
复习要能抓重点，突难度：
1、完形填空
完形考商
你是否通过读全文后才开始答题？
你能充分利用首句信息来答题吗？
你能否根据上下文的暗示来答题吗？
你会利用生活常识和社会经验来答题吗？
做完试题，你是否将答案代入检查？
（1）语篇突破
加大无词填空训练，目的是提高语篇理解的能力。无词填空训练，强迫你要依赖篇章进行选词，使文章通顺达意。不受干扰项的干扰，与读者对话是完成完形填空试题的良好习惯。选项中涉及了80个词语，但是有效词语只有20个（仅四分之一）。如果我们能依赖篇章，读懂作者，选项中的无用信息就不会占用宝贵的考试时间。
无词填空训练（建立依赖篇章填空的习惯）
At school many things happen to us. We may feel 1 _______ when we have success in a school play. We may feel sorry if we 2_______ an important game. We want to keep the memory for the 3_______ of our lives.
How to keep the 4 _______ Our English teacher, Miss Wang, has taught us a good way of 5_______ things to make our own yearbook. What is a yearbook A yearbook is a kind of book 6______ is used to keep the memory of exciting 7_______. It’s usually made at the end of the year. Last December, we began to make our yearbook.
First we chose the persons who had done something 8 _______, then some students 9______ them, some wrote down their stories, others took 10 _______ of them. Everyone in our class had something to do. 11 _______ our teacher helped us to put the things 12 _______. We had our first yearbook.
All of us put a lot of love into 13______ the yearbook. It is so 14 ______ that not only the students 15______ our parents and teachers will remember the special time for ever.
（带空通读，入境细读，回文查读）
At school many things happen to us. We may feel 1 excited when we have success in a school play. We may feel sorry if we 2 lose an important game. We want to keep the memory for the 3 rest of our lives.
How to keep the 4 memory Our English teacher, Miss Wang, has taught us a good way of 5 remembering things to make our own yearbook. What is a yearbook A yearbook is a kind of book 6 which is used to keep the memory of exciting 7 moments. It’s usually made at the end of the year.
Last December, we began to make our yearbook. First we chose the persons who had done something 8 special, then some students 9 interviewed them, some wrote down their stories, others took 10 photos of them. Everyone in our class had something to do. 11 Finally our teacher helped us to put the things 12 together. We had our first yearbook.
All of us put a lot of love into 13 making the yearbook. It is so 14 wonderful that not only the students 15 but our parents and teachers will remember the special time for ever.
（2）培养语感
背诵经典，提高语感。高考完形填空的短文都是精心挑选的，体裁与题材是考生比较熟悉的，一些经典的短文常被用作完形填空的练习，这些短文往往让读者爱不释手，回眸无限。在背诵中可以体会完形填空的出题思路和挖空角度，从而做到知己知彼。
高分考生谈完形：
王珂 （外国语大学）
我把完形填空看成“思维体操”，来锻炼我的逻辑推理判断能力。平时要多练、多悟。读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词、或不明白的地方，仍然快速读下去。但是做题时，不可能一气呵成。能做的，先做；不能做的，暂时放弃。待处理全文，甚至在处理的过程中，往往会有柳暗花明之时。另外在做题时，应把眼光放远一些，看文章是否有暗示词。要融入文中，设身处地地想一想主人公当时会有怎样的感受，会有怎样的举动，注意感情上的纠葛，体会作者的幽默，悟出文章的思想意义。
李海燕 （上海交通大学）
完形填空看穿了就是一种“填字游戏”，每一个空格在文章中都是有“填字”暗示的，关键是要找到这个暗示。找暗示的唯一方法就是“读”。答题最忌的就是读时逻辑不清，思维混乱，这样会造成很多错误。每小题几乎都要有上下文的支持，平时把这种“填字游戏”玩多了，考试时我有时甚至不看选项，就能将它“完形”了。
强化英语思维定势的培养
提高语言运用能力
1、通过朗读文段
朗读是将语言知识转化为语言能力的一种有效手段快速的读者总是善于利用语法结构，寻找词标。弄清了词标，就弄清了句子的结构。词标引导着读者流畅地阅读。
While your IQ tells you \how intelligent you are, your EQ tells you\ how well you use your intelligence. Professor Salovey, \who invented the term EQ, \gives the following description: At work, it is IQ \that gets you hired\ but it is EQ \that gets you promoted. Supported by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests \that when predicting someone's future success, their character, \as measured by EQ tests,\ might actually matter more than their IQ.
以句子结构模式为意义的朗读，将文气和语流紧密地联系在一起，全段全文一气呵成，充分再现了作者的思路。同时，通过朗读的熟练技巧将作者的思路转化了读者的思路，从而很好地训练了朗读者的英语思维定势。
2、通过句型训练
句型快速反映训练也是培养英语思维定势的有效办法。英语的基本句型有限，基本句型的扩展也是有规则的。将约定俗成的句型以及其规则同化到语言感知的思维定势之中。
常见的英语句型和语言固定结构有：
1）状语从句
2）定语从句
3）强调句型等的固定结构
4）动词句型
5）疑问句型
3、通过视觉感知进行训练。
在训练时使用学生没有读过的文章，只要找出句子的框架，并理解框架，说明他已具备思维定势。思维定势的强弱反映在理解句型的速度上。
快速理解以下短文里的句型
In a language program reading should not be regarded merely as a way of “stamping in “structures and vocabulary already met through listening and speaking. As texts are permanent (unlike speech), they give the learner the chance of grappling with his problems in his own time. Spoon—feeding the learner by limiting his reading to language he already knows does not allow this development to take place. On the other hand texts should not be too difficult or the learner will be discouraged.
为帮助学生掌握快速阅读理解短文的句型和话语结构，读后立即让学生填出原有结构功能作用的词。
（ ） a language program reading should not be regarded merely（ ）a way of “stamping in ”structures （ ）vocabulary already met through listening and speaking. （ ） texts are permanent (unlike speech), ( )give the learner the chance of grappling ( ) his problems in his own time. Spoon—feeding the learner ( ) limiting his reading to language he already knows ( ) not allow this development to take place. ( ) the other hand texts should not be too difficult ( ) the learner will be discouraged.
经过快速阅读理解和反复进行句型与话语结构练习，学生就会逐渐养成对英语上下关联的感觉，发展阅读以及听说写活动中的英语思维定势。
抓重点，突难度：
2、突破决定成败的阅读理解。
阅读考商
在阅读中遇到生词和难句时，还能保持原有的阅读心态吗？
是不是很难把握所读文章的主旨大意？
答题时，是否能在文章中找到答案依据？
解题过程中，准确率一般能到达80%吗？
考试时，往往解答哪些题型出错多？
明确影响阅读的因素
背景知识
缺乏必要的背景知识是造成阅读困难的主要原因之一.
词汇
词汇的扩充是阅读理解的主要组成部分.词汇量的大小预示着阅读能力的高低. 词汇量的缺乏,不能自动解码是构成阅读困难的首要原因.
句法结构
句法结构的陌生同样会给理解带来困难,不过句法所造成的理解障碍远不如词汇所带来的困难.
阅读策略
阅读策略是有效阅读的保证. 不正确运用阅读策略就很难在规定的时间内完成阅读任务.
兴趣
兴趣可以加深读者对材料的理解,而缺乏兴趣常常是有效阅读的障碍.
抓重点，突难度
3、突破最后一道关卡 “书面表达”
写作考商
在写作前你是否先列提纲？
是否先写初稿，然后再修改、定稿？
写作过程中，会注意语法使用，尤其时态的使用是否正确？
会尽量避开生僻的词汇和没有把握的表达方法吗？
会用简单的语句间的连接成分，使文章结构紧凑吗？
是否能在高考前背诵30-40篇优秀范文吗？
写作教学：
1）读写结合
阅读默写
复述短文
2）说写结合
看图说话
问答式作文讨论式短文
3）听写结合
边听边写
听后笔记
听写拼接
4）译写结合
单句翻译
翻译式作文
综合教学：阅读---讨论---写作
Pollution: balance cause damage destroy environment forbid harmony illegal ignore
liquid material nuclear phenomenon plastic
occur protect quality reduce rescue resist ruin smooth suffer surround survive system
Sports: accept adventure athlete audience ceremony benefit coach control defeat delay duty encourage entertainment equal fail injure inspire kick measure medal position reward rapid score stadium succeed struggle strength
复习新理念---话题语用
Feeling: admire amaze appreciate ashamed astonish awful anxious confident curious delight envy nervous optimistic patient puzzled quarrel regret respect scare sensitive
Education: academic arrange apply behave biology cause challenge character common congratulation courage culture degree devote experience express expert familiar graduate
intelligence instruction institute introduce interview junior lecture mention method normal novel opinion refer regular request
处理好五个关系，提高复习课实效性
1）“展”与“收”的关系。
一节课既要展得开，也要收的拢。
2）“详”与“略”的关系。
有所舍才有所获，有所不为才能有所为，当详则详，当略则略。
（核心内容高复现）
3）“密”与“疏”的关系。新课开篇，接踵而来的是“高密度” “重负荷”的运动，要遵循“注意”、“兴奋”的延展率，趁学生兴奋正浓，浓彩重笔，或讲、或练、或评、或辩，掀起高潮。高潮之后（25分钟左右）应以，疏缓的小插曲缓以养身。整个课堂疏密得体，使学生在愉悦中学会知识。
4）“断”与“续”的关系。45分钟不能均匀前进，善于借助短暂的“休止”，无形的“换气”，断续互补。创造富有节奏的台阶，避免沉闷呆板。
5）“深”与“浅”的关系。
处理教学内容必须遵循“可接受性”原则，根据学生认知水平，进行深入浅出的讲解。善于领悟复习内容的实质，得其精神。深课可以浅讲，浅课可以深教。深而有度，浅而有法，环环相套，节节相通。
能做到四个结合，实现复习过程最优化
1）教师主导作用与学生主体作用最佳结合
教师的主导作用要充分体现在调动学生学习的积极性、主动性上，把学习的主动权交给学生。教师备课应该在如何把握教学进程、预测学生学习中可能遇到的困难、鼓励学生学习积极性、教会学生学习等方面下工夫
影响学生主动学习的8因素
教师对教学及教学内容的热情及投入
教学内容与学生的相关程度
课程的内容结构
教学内容的难易程度
学生主动参与教学活动的程度
教学方法的多样化程度
教师与学生之间的相互理解与沟通
所采用的例证是否恰当具体、让学生产生共鸣
2）知识结构的内在规律与学生认知发展规律的最佳结合。
只研究知识结构，不重视研究学生的认知结构，就会影响教学效果。
3）掌握知识与发展能力的最佳结合。
活动的设计、练习的编写要重视学中用，用中学。
4）教的方法与学的方法的最佳结合。
使学生掌握科学的学习方法和有效的学习策略是教学过程的重要任务之一。
一堂课可以用四个量来衡量：信息量、思维量、媒体使用量和延伸量。
信息量: 学生在课堂中获得的所有信息的总量，包括文本信息、师生口语信息、教师肢体信息等。内容不仅是课本与练习，还应有课外信息。
思维量：学生在课堂中积极思维的时间与深度，是大脑的活动总量。思维量决定于教师或学生所提出的问题的质量。教师有意无意的替代，无疑会减少学生的思维量。
延伸量：指课堂教学延伸到课外的量。即当学生走出教室时带着多少问题，带着什么问题，还有多少继续学习这门学科的欲望。如果能够有足够的、学习能够承受的延伸量，就能实现新课程所提出的 “保持学生学习欲望”的目标。
充满智慧的教师一定具有“把希望寄托于课堂，把希望寄托于学生”，即把大面积提高学习成绩的希望寄托于课堂之内，寄托于学生身上。课堂的第一资源就是学生的差异，利用好这一资源的最有效的办法是：建立“学科小先生”，建立灵活的学习小组，让小组长和学科小先生帮助教师进行学习管理。教师“很轻松、很潇洒、很有成就感”。你将会为所培养的学生中有人达到了“教是为了不教”的境界而高兴。
构建新课程“三有，六让”课堂模式
有趣、有情、有理
目标让学生清楚
疑问让学生讨论
过程让学生经历
结论让学生得出
方法让学生总结
练习让学生选择
享受学习
享受教学
在我们的教学生涯中与学生共同成长！
新课程 新理念 新高度 新措施
高考英语《考试说明》解读
高考改革步伐
2007年课标试卷地区5： 沪， 粤，鲁，琼，宁
2008年增加地区6： +1苏
2009年增加地区11： +5津，皖，辽，浙，闽；
2010年增加地区16： +5京，吉，黑，湘，陕。
（累计达16个省区市，课改卷基本定位八级程度。）
2011年20：+4山西、江西、河南、新疆,江西自主命题，其余三个省区使用全国新课标卷；
2012年+4云南、湖北、内蒙、河北
2013年+6 四川、广西、甘肃、重庆、青海、贵州
新课程高中英语要求：
重视提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力；逐步培养学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力。信息社会，学会获取信息和处理信息、分析和解决问题是每个公民必须具备的能力，高中阶段应该特别重视对这一能力的培养，使学生终身受益。
课改承载了强国、育人、创新的使命，贯穿了新的理念、新的框架、新的内容体系，提出了新的教学方式、新的教育功能。毫无疑问，新一轮的课改决不仅仅是换一套教科书，而是一场教育观念的更新、人才培养模式的改变，是一场涉及课堂教学方式、学习方式以及学校日常管理等全方位的变革。
新课程教学评价要求
终结性评价必须以考查学生综合语言运
用能力为目标，考试应包括口试、听力
考试和笔试等形式，全面考查学生综合
语言运用能力。口语测试应着重检测学
生的表达与沟通能力和交际的有效性。
听力测试（占考试比例不少于20%），着重检测学生理解和获取信息的能力，不应该把脱离语境的单纯辩音题或语法知识题作为考试内容。
笔试应当避免单纯语音知识题或语法知识题；应该增加具有语境的应用型试题的比例；适当减少客观题，增加有助于学生思维表达的主观题。
英语学业考试的命题应遵守以下原则
1. 要依据课程标准来确定考查内容与标准；
2. 要着重考查学生的综合语言运用能力，避免单纯考查语言知识；
3. 要充分考虑学生的实际生活和身心发展水平；
4. 要选用真实、地道的语言素材，根据语言实际使用情况命题；
5. 要确保试题的信度和效度，杜绝繁、偏、旧的试题，要控制题量；
6. 要根据试题的考查目的和考查重点，科学合理地制定评分标准。
（最新修订稿）
新课程改革下的考试说明解读
抓住基本点
（以不变应万变）
关注变化点
（挑战理想高分）
研究发展点！
（有可持续发展）
全国课标卷《考试说明》“2+5”：
I.试卷性质
II.考试内容
+5附录
附录1：语音 附录 2：语法项目
附录3：功能 附录4：话题
附录5：词汇表
全国课标卷 《考试说明》
I.试卷性质
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是由合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学历的考生参加的选拔性考试。高等学校根据考生的成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。因此，高考应有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分度。
II.考试内容
根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，依据中华人民共和国教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中课程方案（实验）和《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》，确定本学科考试内容。
全国课标卷结构
项目 考查内容 分值 时间
听力 听力理解 30分（20小题） 20分钟
知识 运用 单项填空 完形填空 45分（35小题） 25分钟
阅读 理解 阅读理解 阅读（7选5） 40分（20小题） 35分钟
写作 短文改错 书面表达 35分（2小题） 40分钟
150 120
课改原则：总体稳定 局部调整 稳中求进
大纲卷结构（含听力）
项目 考查内容 分值 时间
听力 听力理解 30分（20小题） 20分钟
知识运用 单项填空 完形填空 45分（35小题） 25分钟
阅读理解 阅读理解 40分（20小题） 35分钟
写作 短文改错 书面表达 35分（2小题） 40分钟
150 120
考试内容—考核目标与要求
一、语言知识
要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1-5），要求词汇量为3500左右。
注：各省市可以根据本地实际情况在《考试说明》中对词汇量进行适当调整，但不得低于2500个单词；同时，应制订计划，在一定时间内分期、分批增加至3500个动词。
考核目标与要求
二、语言运用
1、听力
要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：
1）理解主旨要义(中等2 ）
(8.What are two speakers talking about )
任何一段对话或独白总会围绕一个主旨或一个中心思想展开。有时，主旨要义会比较明确；有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白，考生需要自己去归纳、概括。
2）获取具体、事实性信息（较易、中等10 ）
为了说明和支持主旨，对话或独白总会出现一些具体信息，例如时间、地点、人物等。这些信息常常是听力部分的重点考查项目。
3）对所听内容作出推断（中等7 ）
话语发生的场合、说话者之间的关系等对话语含义的理解起着举足轻重的作用。这些背景知识的推断能力，在一定程度上可以体现一个人对口语的理解能力，因而也是听力测试所要考查的重点项目之一。
4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度（较难1 ）
(19.What is Dr Garfield’s opinion about dreaming )
一般来讲，说话者总会有说话的意图，或是提出问题或回答问题，阐述自己的想法，或表明自己的态度或意见，对此的理解或推断在一般交往中非常重要。有时，说话者的意图或观点是明确说出来的，有时则隐含在对话的字里行间，需要听者自己去揣摩、推断。
北京卷《说明》语言技能考查要求：
听 (2011年77% 满分人数7839)
主要考查理解和处理口头语言材料的能力。
1. 理解归纳话语的主旨要义（3）
2. 获取事实性信息（7）
3. 根据所获取的信息进行简单推断（5）
4. 理解说话者的意图、观点和态度
5. 记录或加工所获取的信息 （5）
(2011 four vegetable Melissa brown shorts)
（2010 wrong 3c56 system special credit)
解答听力试题能力
快速预测技能
快速理解关键信息的能力
快速反应、判断语气、语调意义的能力
边听、边记的技能
《考试说明》---语言运用
2、阅读
1）理解主旨要义（中等难度2-3）
(66.Which of the following might be the best title for the text )
2）理解文中具体信息（中下8-10）
命题专家往往要求考生根据不同的要求，阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻找所需的细节。这些细节对理解全文内容是关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。
3）根据上下文推理生词的词义（中1-2）
(64.What does the word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to )
能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。此外，阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义通过上下文推断出来。这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力，是合格的读者所必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读测试中检测的一种能力。
4）作出判断和推理（中上4-6）
(57.What can be inferred from the fact that milkman had the key to the boy’s house )
5）理解文章的基本结构（中）
如果作者希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。课标卷的阅读部分第二节即对此项语言能力专项进行考查。
6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度（难1-2）
每一篇文章都有特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递信息，或是讲授某个道理。而这些信息通常不是明确表达出来的，而是隐含在文章之中。因此，这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领悟作者的言外之意。
（2011年阅读试题中等难度试题量加大）
年份 总词汇量 短文词量 试题词量
2007 2014 1425 589
2008 1981 1283 698
2009 1941 1260 681
2010 1921 1397 524
2011 1837 1299 538
阅读量
北京卷读：
主要考查阅读理解不同文体语篇的能力。
1. 理解归纳语篇的主旨要义（2）
2. 获取事实性信息（6）
3. 利用上下文推测词义（1）
4. 推断隐含意义（5）
5. 理解作者意图、观点和态度（1）
6. 理解句子、段落之间的逻辑联系（5）
(针对新题型:7选5)
7. 理解语篇的基本结构
（46% 满分人数131）
不同文体2011：
A 记叙文（55%）：记叙一位老人实现自己小小梦想的故事。（2010对动物的关爱）
B 应用文（56%）：投稿要求。（2010记者人生价值追求）
C 议论文（53%）：针对上学期间是否过多使用现代科技进行论述，阐述观点（阅读二）。(2010D篇议论大学学费是个人还是政府支付）
D 说明文（34%）：说明铁路、高速、新能源对美国西部的影响。 (2010C篇说明不同文化背景的人际交际习惯差异所带来的影响）
阅读2 （35%） 一卷满分10人
体裁：议论文
话题：抽象思考能力和演讲能力的分析
与议论
考点：归纳定义1 逻辑推理 2
段落要义概括 1 判断例证1
阅读理解考查点：
除阅读7项技能外还渗透:
认知策略:
能借助情景和上下文推测词义和文章大意；能利用归纳逻辑手段分析和解决问题；
交际策略：
交际中善于克服障碍，维持交际。
文化意识：
初步了解英语语言与英语国家文化的关系；
在使用英语的过程中，能发现隐含在语言中的对他国文化的态度；
初步了解主要英语国家重要文化现象的渊源；
初步了解英语国家文化在日常生活和人们价值观的体现。
解答阅读理解试题能力
话题知识（背景知识熟悉度）
语言知识基础（词汇语法量增加）语篇理解的复杂度加大
读题能力。题干、选项的设计难度加大
读速策略
文化、情感水平
阅读新题型特点
语篇难度加大
文段结构清晰
题目设计人文
减少猜测概率
回读思考提高
《考试说明》---语言运用
3、写作
1）清楚、连贯地传递信息、表达意思；任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题，考生应该能够围绕主题，借助一些句型、词组等的支持，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。
2）有效运用所学语言知识。
语言的准确性是写作中不可忽略的一个重要方面，因为它直接或间接地影响到信息的传输。应用语法结构和词汇的准确程度是写作部分评分标准的一项重要内容，拼写和标点符号运用的正确与否也会在一定程度上影响到考生的成绩。
课标卷特点：起点低，要求高。
2011年短文改错的选材无论在内容上，还是文字上都比较简单，文中的错误也都是初、中级英语学习者写作时常犯的。例如考查了在短文中准确使用冠词、代词、名词、动词、连词等。与2010年课标卷相比基本一致，与大纲卷相比难度加大。
2011年课标卷短文改错
My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy (buying) a ticket to Hangzhou. I was going to visit a friend here (there) and after that I would go to Xiamen for (a) long holiday. I bought my ticket but (and) turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.
Luckily I had all my money on (in) my pocket, but the only clothes I had was (were) those I had on. It felt very strange to travel without any luggages (luggage) . When I finally arrived at my friend (friend’s) he lent to me (lent me) lots of clothes. I feel (felt) very happy that I could change my clothes at last.
2010年课标卷短文改错
My friend Nick told me (a) story about his experience back in the US, which was very interested (interesting). One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come (came) by to help. As the old man looked over the things on (in) the yard that were to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball (balls) for Christmas trees.
On the box was a card say (saying): “25 cents each.” “You will never sell these for that much,” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has brought (brought) the price up (down) to 10 cents a piece. Without a moment’s delay, my (his) neighbor picked up the box but (and) announced, “I’ll take them.”
2011年课标卷书面表达试题
假如你是李华，正在一所英国学校学习暑期课程，遇到一些困难，希望得到学校辅导中心的帮助。根据学校规定，你需书面预约，请按下列要点写一封信：
1、本人简介；
2、求助内容；
3、约定时间；
4、你的联系方式（Email:lihua@; Phone:12345678)
注意：
1、词数100左右
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3、开头和结束语已为你写好
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student taking summer courses in your university. I’m writing to ask for help. I came here last month and found my courses interesting. But I have some difficulties with note-taking and I have no idea of how to use the library. I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I’m anxious to get help from you. I have no class on Tuesday mornings and Friday afternoons. Please let me know which day is OK with you. You may email or phone me. Here are my email address and phone number: lihua@;12345678.
Look forward to your replay.
2011年书面表达试题（命题组）
要求考生具备扎实的语言基础知识，涉及了动词时态、语态的正确使用，要求正确使用一般将来时、现在进行时等；能够正确使用名词从句、定语从句、状语从句等；能够正确运用非谓语动词如不定式、分词短语等。好文的看点：考生要能够应用较多的语法结构和词汇、尽量使用复杂或较高级的词汇，有效地使用语句间的连接成分，使文章结构紧凑。试题的开放性加强。
北京卷--写
（1-45% 2-35:%=41% 30高分人数48）
主要考查根据写作任务的要求进行英语书面表达的能力。
1. 根据不同文体，使用恰当的语言形式完成书面交际任务
2. 运用正确的句式、词汇和语法叙述，描述，表达观点、态度和情感
3. 做到文章扣题， 内容充实（要点和细节结合），结构完整，逻辑性强，语意清晰
学习策略----交际策略
根据使用环境得体地使用语言
（情景作文）；
通过解释、重复、举例和实证等方式澄清或论证观点（开放作文）；
在真实交际中注意并遵守英语交际的基本礼仪；
善于克服语言障碍，维持交际。
（书面表达鼓励不同层次的考生克服语言障碍，运用已有词汇、语法等知识尽可能传达丰富的思想。）
完成情景作文的前提除了认真审题，了解体裁，确定内容要点及相关细节以外，还应当注重文章的连贯性，这样才能使文章中的内容与细节有逻辑性地结合在一起，准确完整地完成题目规定的写作任务。
优秀文2010：
On Saturday, I searched the Internet with my grandparents for some information. While grandpa was concerned with the hotels and grandma worried about the weather there, I focused on the train tickets. With my help, they got all the details quickly.
In the afternoon, I went to the train station to get the tickets I had booked on the Internet. Although there was a long queue, I got the tickets within 20 minutes.
In the evening, I helped my grandmother pack her suitcase for the trip. Nothing was missed ---umbrella in case it would rain; a map of Beidaihe, two pairs of sunglasses to prevent the burning sunlight and some T-shirts and slippers. Grandma patted on my head and praised me that I had grown up. I felt proud.
Early in the morning on Sunday, I waved them goodbye at the train station and wished them an interesting and relaxing trip. Seated on the chairs in the train, they smiled and waved back, eyes twinkling and faces brightened up.
Grandpa and grandma have devoted so much to me, from raising me up to teaching me life-philosophies. Now I’m grow-up, I feel a strong need and responsibility to pay them back. That’s the reason why I did this. I love my grandparents.
命题组评价：
本文完全完成了试题规定的任务，覆盖了所有的内容要点和细节，达到了预期的写作目的。整篇文章内容连贯、结构紧凑，描述每幅图的段落都以内容要点为段落主题句，细节为支撑句，脉络清晰。为了表达丰富的内容，考生运用了多样的句式和词汇，体现了考生较高的语言运用能力。
（一档文 ）
二挡文（15-17分）
Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.
First of all, I surfed the Internet to get some information about the trip. I searched the cost of the hotel and train tickets at the station. Next, I helped them prepare their luggage. I and my grandma put a map, two sunglasses, sweaters, laptops and an umbrellas into bag. Finally, I saw them off on the platform at night.
I thought what I did was very meaningful. And I was satisfied with myself for doing these things.
评价：本文完全完成了试题规定的任务，达到了预期的写作目的。 覆盖了所有的内容要点并且有细节支撑。文章的语言简洁，语言质量较高，考生所运用的句式和词汇能满足任务的要求，但是达不到内容丰富的要求。如果考生在叙述时能把时间的概念细化，买票排队和站台送行的场景细化，内容就会丰富很多。
三挡文（12-14分）
Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.
At first, I used the computer to find how to book the train tickets and my grandpa wanted to know where will they live, and which hotel is better. My grandma wanted to know what is the weather like in Beidaihe.
Then I went to the “Solding tickets station” to buy two tickets.
Return to home, I prepared two glasses and a map of Beidaihe for them and took some clothes, shoes in the box, at this time my grandma came in and let me take the unbrelly.
Finally, I took my grandparents to the train which from Beijing to Beidaihe, and said goodbye to them.
评价：
本文基本完成了试题规定的任务。文章覆盖了各幅图的内容要点，而且有相关细节支撑，内容比较连贯，有一定连接成分。考生的语言基本功还有待提高，文中有明显错误。
摘抄积累
背诵默写
缩写改写
中英互译
写作复习
高分考生谈写作：
我的方法是抄范文然后有空的时候读一读，范文要包括几种英语中常见的文体，例如：书信、看图作文等等，在范文中其实有很多语句你在写作文时候是可以借鉴的，但是首先是你要记得住。另外英语作文有别于语文作文，它只要求你能用你已经学过的句子把题目所要求的一点一地表达出来。
短文背诵可以帮助你在篇章理解中记忆单词、短语和句型，是记忆单词和短语的有效方法之一；“读书百遍，其意自见”，背诵的过程就是语言输入和积累的过程，对写作直接有效，真正做到写时“落笔生花”！当你背诵了30~50篇后，就会对英语的感觉开始发生改变----语感初步形成。
背诵是学习语言的硬道理、真工夫！最原始的却是最有效方法。
量化要求：Practice makes perfect!
知识底子厚，应考无压力，读写轻松过！
好词500;800;1000
好句100-300
好文50--100
有足够的语言输入，才会有流畅的语言输出！
Of all my teachers, Mr. More is the one who impresses me most. Though he is 34, he looks very young for his age. And he’s one of the most popular teachers in our school.
Compared with other teachers, Mr. Moore pays more attention to his way of teaching. He tries various ways to make his classes lively and interesting. In his opinion, we should not only know “what”, but also understand “why”. So, instead of giving us answers immediately, he encourages us to think by ourselves whenever he puts forward questions. With his help, we’ve learned how to asettle problems. What a wonderful world of “why” he leads us to! He is such a learned person that we all admire him very much. (记人)
欣赏与背诵:写人,叙事,记活动,发表观点
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s a famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather was fine. It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of us were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visited temples and told stories. On the way up I busy taking pictures since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passed quickly. Evening came. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive but the service was good. I was so tired that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow. (叙事)
Recently I’ve made a survey about the school uniforms and found out that students have 1 different opinions about wearing uniforms.
Many students are in favor of wearing school They say that it is good for training the students’ character. And it can help avoid sorting the students by their clothing.
However, some students are against wearing school uniforms, for they think it is very uncomfortable to wear school uniforms. In their mind, wearing school uniforms is no good for the development of students’ personalities.
On the whole, students have different ideas about wearing uniforms. It may help the student management, but not good for personality development. (发表观点)
《考试说明》5附录
语 音
词 汇
语 法
功 能
话 题
《课程标准》语音项目表为（附录1）
1. 基本读音（8项）
2. 重音（2项）
3. 读音的变化（4项）
4. 语调与节奏（3项）
5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语
交流中的运用
6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧
7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异。
《考试说明》语法项目表为（附录2）
1.名词 2.代词 3.数词 4.介词和介词短语
5.连词 6.形容词 7.副词 8.冠词
9.动词 10.时态 11.被动语态 12.非谓语动词
13.构词法 14.句子种类 15.句子成分
16.简单句的基本句型 17.主谓一致 18.并列复合句
19.主从复合句 20.间接引语 21.省略
22.倒装 23.强调 24.虚拟语气
2011全国 单项填空 动词7 句子2
23. Planning so far ahead ___ no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.（中等难度）
A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made
24. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ___ polite.
A. was just being B. will just be
C. had just been D. would just be
29. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ____ there.
A. had been lying B. has been lying
C. was lying D. has lain
27. The next thing he saw was smoke ___ from behind the house.
A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen
26. I can ___ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with B. put up with
C. turn to D. stick to
34. William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eye-sight was beginning to __.
A. disappear B. fall C. fail D. damage
22. Try ___ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
A. if B. when C. since D. as
31. The prize will go to the writer ____ story shows the most imagination.
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
2010年北京
课标卷
第一年
与大纲卷
相比难度
加大
单项填空
（通过率57%）
满分267人
动词-8
句子-5
（=13分）
考查点 题号 题量
介词 29 1
冠词 35（7%） 1
情态动词 23 1
非谓语动词 21、25 2
时态语态 22、24、26、28 4
语气 34 1
定语从句 27 1
状语从句 30（45%） 1
主语从句 33（40%） 1
宾语从句 31（36%） 1
表语从句 32（57%） 1
2011年北京
单项填空
与2010
保持一致
动词-9
句子-4
（=13分）
（通过率59%）
满分人数
增加1405人
考查点 题号 题量
介词 35（54%） 1
代词 34（73%） 1
情态动词 24 （60%） 1
非谓语动词 25、33（62%） 2
时态语态 21、23、27、32（62%） 4
语气 28（31%）30（45%） 2
定语从句 26（61%） 1
状语从句 29（72%） 1
主语从句 22（68%） 1
宾语从句 31（41%） 1
（2011动词考查点: 9小题-60%）
1. Experiments of this kind had been conducted in both the U.S and Europe well before the Second World War.(66%)
2. Tom has been working in the library every night over the last three months.(54%)
3. -- Bob has gone California.
-- Oh, can you tell me when he
left (74%)
4.--That must have been a long
trip.
-- Yeah, it took us a whole week
to get there. (57%)
5. – Where are the children The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
-- I wish they weren’t always
late. (31%)
6. It is important for the figures to be updated regularly. (68%)
7. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping on your feet. (62%)
8. Maybe if I had started science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.(45%)
9. -- I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him
--Don’t worry. He might not come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. (60%)
（2011从句考查点4小题--62%:）
1. What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honest and happiness.(68%)
2. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to others, which, of course, made all the others upset.(60%)
3. While volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball .(72%)
4. The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.(41%)
语法数量和质量要求的变化：
动词
时态增加2项（大纲8—课标10）：
将来进行时态和现在完成进行时态。
语态：表述宽泛，提高了要求（4-6）
现在进行时态被动语态
现在完成时态被动语态
非谓语动词：
表述宽泛，提高了考查要求。
句子：
增加了与句子相关的语法项目如补语、间接引语、省略句、倒装、强调等。
Dear Editor, （05全国卷）
Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They always say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years, and is well-known at home and abroad. So it should remain where it is. What’s more, moving may cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision which has to be made by people in Beijing.
2011(广东卷)
以下是一本图书的基本信息及相关报道。
基本信息：
书名：Battle Hymn of the tiger Mother
作者：Amy Chua,美籍华人，耶鲁大学教授
出版时间：2010
内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事
效应：引发中美教育方式孰优孰劣的讨论
相关报道：
中文版：2011初开始在中国销售
意外反应：多数中国妈妈不赞同作者的做法
最新消息：17岁的大女儿被哈佛大学和耶鲁大学录取
写作内容：
根据以上信息写一篇图书介绍，内容包括
图书的基本信息
图书的相关报道
写作要求：
只能用5个句子表达全部内容。
The book Battle Hymn of the tiger Mother written by Amy Chua, a Chinese American, who is a professor in Yale University, was published in 2010.
The book is about how the author educated her two daughters with Chinese traditional education mode, which brought about heated discussion about which is better between Chinese education mode and American education mode.
In early 2011, the book came onto the market in China.
Contrary to people’s expectation, most of the Chinese mothers are not in favor of the author’s way she educated children.
However, according to the latest news, her elder daughter has been admitted into Yale University as well as Harvard University.
(对考生从句，非谓语运用能力要求高)
英语新课标语法教学新理念
新课程标准提倡的高中语法教学要从用的角度出发。更重要的一点是，要发展学生比较强的语法意识。也就是说，语法教学不能只局限在语法的范畴内，必须与逻辑思维联系起来，与人说话的意识联系起来，与篇章语境联系起来，与题材、体裁联系起来,与词汇的用法联系起来，与文化联系起来。
高中英语课程标准指出；“高中阶段的语法教学，应从语言运用的角度出发，把语言的形 式、意义和用法有机地结合起来。要引导学生在语 境中了解和掌握语法的表意功能。”
（语法）课标对大纲的发展
强调语法的表意功能，而不是语法形式本身；
突出语法学习过程的观察、思考、归纳和语法规则的发现和认识过程；
突出语法的运用。
语法教学课例
教学目标
能够在不同语境中恰当地运用现在分词；
能够在语境中准确识别现在分词的功用；
能够了解中西文化差异，增进跨文化理解。
重点：
学生能够正确识别和使用现在分词做定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
难点：
在真实语境中恰当使用现在分词。
不同难度的练习
看图编故事
Company Logo
导入
文化
差异
小故事
第一课时分析
阅读课型
读前
读中
读后
作业
预测
情景
T/F/NI;
表格
讨论
中西
文化
差异
课文
复述
巩固操练
综合运用
导入
语言聚焦
单词填空
改写句子
描述图片
作业
第二课时语法
Objectives
By the end of this period, we will be able to:
● find out different uses of Present Participles
● make up stories by using Present Participles
● have an awareness of culture differences
My friend went back to his room and closed the door behind him.
She looked very embarrassed and said that it was a cheap one she had bought a long time ago.
2012/2/18
uschool.org
95
closing
,saying
Find sentences with similar meanings in the text.
设计意图：使用现在分词使句子更加简明、直接、生动。
Lead in
Read and underline
Martin
What did I learn about Chinese customs from my exciting exchange to China Well, the Chinese are extremely welcoming.
One evening, I was invited to a Chinese family dinner. I had a good appetite and the food was yummy. But my host kept on putting more food in my rice bowl.
They didn't seem to hear me saying “No, thank you” in my poor spoken Chinese.
This was a very special experience I had in China. In my culture, you don't get more food if you don't ask for more.
Jin Li
When I first arrived in San Francisco, I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things. Once I went to visit an American friend. After a splendid evening, I finished my cocoa and got ready to leave. As soon as we said goodbye, my friend went back to his room closing the door behind him. It made me feel that I was not really welcome.
Wang Lei
I've always been outgoing but since an embarrassing experience in a New York restaurant I've been much more cautious. I was enjoying my dessert and talking to my American friend Janice at the table when I noticed people staring at us. I asked Janice what was wrong and she told me that I was talking too loudly. She said that to some American people, it sounded like I was shouting. I whispered for the rest of the evening.
I guess.
Tom
I had a similar experience the last time I visited China. The Chinese are the friendliest people I have ever met. After my visit to a Chinese family, my friend's grandfather wouldn't let me go to the bus station alone. He insisted on walking me to the station to see me off. I kept saying that I knew the way myself, but it just did not work. What he did was amazing. This will not happen in many other cultures,、
I guess.
Tina
Chinese people are very modest too. Last time, when I visited China, we saw the tour guide wearing a very pretty fur coat on the day we left. I told her the coat suited her, but she looked very embarrassed, saying that it was a cheap one she had bought a long time ago. I was surprised. In my culture, when people say nice things about us, we feel very happy and say thanks.
Read the five passages again and underline Present Participles. Work in pairs to identify the use of each.
1. As soon as we said goodbye, my friend went back to his room closing the door behind him.
2. Well, the Chinese are extremely welcoming.
3. They didn’t seem to hear me saying “No, thank you” in my poor spoken Chinese.
4. I’ve always been outgoing but since an embarrassing experience in a New York restaurant ...
…
设计意图：回归文本，识别现在分词的用法。
状语
表语
宾补
定语
Language Practice1
Ss fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets (Ex 7 P41)
Hong Jin arrived at the University of Leeds on 20 January. It was (1)_______ (freeze) cold. (2)_______ (turn) on the tap in his flat, Hong Jin found that there was no (3)_______ (run) water. He called the landlord, (4)_______ (ask) what was wrong. The landlord said, “Oh dear, the pipes have frozen!”
设计意图：巩固现在分词用法。
Language Practice2
Rewrite the following sentences, using Present Participles. (Ex9 P41)
1. As I know a lot of people need my help, I became an education.
2. The Volcano erupted and killed all the dinosaurs.
3. When the detective climbed out of the window, he waved to his partner who was waiting for him in his car.
4. ...
设计意图：巩固现在分词做状语的用法。
Knowing
, killing
climbing
Language Practice3
Describe the following pictures by using Present Participle.
watch …
设计意图：练习使用现在分词描述图片。
Language in use
Make up a story about Liu Lei by using Present Participles.
watch …
设计意图：小组活动编故事，同时学会倾听和记录信息。
《课程标准》功能项目表为（附录3）
共11大项68小项。
1.社会交往 2.态度 3.情感
4.时间 5.空间 6.存在
7.特征 8.计量 9.比较
10.逻辑关系 11.职业
《课程标准》话题项目表为（附录4）
1.个人情况 2.家庭、朋友与周围的人
3.周围的环节 4.日常活动 5.学校生活
6.兴趣与爱好 7.个人情感 8.人际关系
9.计划与愿望 10.节假日活动 11.购物 12.饮食 13.健康 14.天气 15.文娱与体育 16.旅游与交通 17.语言学习 18.自然 19.世界与环境 20.科普知识与现代技术 21.热点话题 22.历史与地理 23.社会 24.文学与艺术
2011年阅读理解试题选材
A篇: 作者讲述童年轶事，追忆一段童年友谊以及儿时送奶的经历给自己留下了美好的记忆。
B篇：讲述英国高人俱乐部的成立，引发人们关注他们的衣食住行。
C篇：美国经济下滑引发蔬菜、水果、燃油飙升，自种蔬菜受欢迎。
D篇：四则招聘广告
文章选材内容贴近学生生活实际，理解难度不大。中档试题比例加大。
语言知识目标（附录5词汇表）
八级---词汇
运用词汇理解和表达不同的功能、意图和态度；
在比较复杂的情况下，运用词汇给事物命名、进行指称、描述行为和特征、说明概念等；
学会使用3300个左右的单词和400—500个习惯用语或固定搭配。
北京卷八级词汇的使用
项目 2010 2011
听力 interviewer interviewee appointment coach complaint section entertainment seek receptionist queue
完形 stage-design director instantly impress competent intention comment remark evaluate reliable punctual motto reflect identify confirm acknowledge foster accessible assign tease tryout session motivate commit preserve insist
课标卷八级词汇的使用
阅读 2010 2011
A abandon previous eventually sympathetic effectiveness complexity inspire reputation parachute downward community
B stage-design director instantly impress competent intention comment remark evaluate reliable punctual motto reflect identify confirm acknowledge foster accessible manuscript issue range finance unique additional anecdote nonfiction qualification version thoroughly submit feature contributor
课标卷八级词汇的使用
阅读 2010 2011
C expectation coincidental interrupt phenomenon non consequence inability psychological stereotype Theme thoroughly assume relate complex inspiration evaluation reflect reject regulation despite conservation
D individual resource funding economy invest mobility taxpayer academics incompetent capital generate transmission significance community grant section alternative scarify accommodation idea region negotiate construct abandon approve
课程标准词汇教学理念
英语新课程标准对词汇教学指出：“词汇教学理念与传统教学有很大不同。从目标描述来看对词汇教学的要求是从运用的角度出发，而不是从定义的角度入手。” 在具体情景中教授词汇，不但可以帮助学生理解，而且有助于他们在交际中恰当地使用所学词汇，从而体现外语教学的交际方向性。词汇的使用，是在语言运用过程中表现出来的。通过有意义的句子或篇章的学习，可以使学生学会单词的意思和用法。对于程度好的学生，教师可以采取英英释义的方法学习新单词。广义的词汇教学，要教文化、教交际、教思考、教学习、教语言。
新课程词汇教学4强调
1、强调对词汇的运用
2、强调词汇教学要结合语境
3、强调词汇学习要形成有效的学习策略
4、强调词汇学习要养成良好的学习习惯
（词汇）课标对大纲的发展
词汇量增加；
注重用词汇表达意义，而不是孤立地学习词汇；
更强调词汇的表意功能，强调学生要学会使用词汇来表达不同的功能、意图和态度。
坚实的英语基本功由三个支柱性的能力组成
一是名词的使用能力
二是动词的使用能力，
三是形容词的使用能力。
动词的使用能力，三方面的基本功：
一是动词的时态，
二是动宾的搭配，
三是动词的准确选用。
词汇复习---词不离句记忆词汇
1. Beijing, the Capital of China, is one of the largest cities in the world.
2. Sam enjoys collecting stamps.
3. The supermarket is next to the post office.
4. There are many books and magazines in our library.
5. I’m different from my twin sister. I love dancing, but she is interested in reading.
6. It snowed heavily last night and now the streets are covered with snow.
7. Edison had many inventions during his life.
8. More and more foreigners have come to visit China over these years.
9. The doctor said that Mary’s mother needed an operation.
10. The teacher is pleased with her honesty. She never tells lies.
11. When I am in trouble, my teacher always encourages me to face my difficulties.
12. With my teacher’s help, I have made great progress in English.
13. Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters---in other words, I am only child.
14. We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead of ourselves.
15. Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit.
16. Everyone has his favorite stars and there is nothing worng with that.
17. Tom didn’t play football yesterday because he had hurt his leg.
18. The water felt cool when I jumped into the pool.
19. You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practise your listening.
20. You can learn English not only from books but also from people around you.
21. The museum is quite near. Why not go there on foot
22. He spent so much time playing computer games that he was not interested in his lessons.
23. The Bird Nest is so beautiful that all of us want to visit it as soon as possible.
24. I enjoy my success when I win a game.
25. Playing table tennis is a lively activity.
26. I compared the copy with the original, and there wasn’t much difference.
27. Heavy traffic is causing serious delays on all routes to the coast.
28. Listening to the music has a calming influence on her.
29. She didn’t like the work because it lacked variety she was doing the same things all the time.
30. I get along with others easily, which is especially useful for a volunteer.
句不离文，文不离道。
加大无选项训练
这种训练方法就是要求考生在没有选项的情况下对空缺处进行补充。这种方法有利于考生对全文的语句和行文逻辑进行剖析，有助于培养发散性思维。并且，做完后思考自己在填词过程中所犯错误的过程也是提升自我改错能力的过程。
My father died when I was a few months old. After his death, my mother moved back to Louisville, Kentucky, where 1 had grown up. We lived in a small house with her older sister, Marion, and their mother. This was a time when being a single 2 was still considered unusual.
Key
My father died when I was a few months old. After his death, my mother moved back to Louisville, Kentucky, where 1 (she) had grown up. We lived in a small house with her older sister, Marion, and their mother. This was a time when being a single 2 (parent) was still considered unusual.
When I was small, there was a children’s book called The Happy Family, and it was a real piece of work. Dad worked all day long at the office, Mom cooked in the kitchen, and brother and sister always had friends sleeping over. The image of the family in this book was typical of the time. It looked 3 like my family, but luckily that wasn’t the way I heard it. The way my Aunt Marion read it to me made the story really 4 .
When I was small, there was a children’s book called The Happy Family, and it was a real piece of work. Dad worked all day long at the office, Mom cooked in the kitchen, and brother and sister always had friends sleeping over. The image of the family in this book was typical of the time. It looked 3 (nothing) like my family, but luckily that wasn’t the way I heard it. The way my Aunt Marion read it to me made the story really 4 (funning).
Kind-hearted and open-minded, my aunt was the one who played baseball with me, who took me horseback riding, who took me to the father-son dinners and who gave me lessons on how to drive. Believing that anything 5 was probably good for me, she 6 to get a loan so that I could go to Africa to work as a volunteer, which was my most important experience.
As a young girl, Aunt Marion always planned to have a large number of children of her own, but she never got married. This 7 that she was free to spend all her time taking care of me. Many people say we have a lot in common. She always 8 me to do my best. She never 9 to make me believe that I could do anything with my life that I wanted, if I only tried hard enough.
Kind-hearted and open-minded, my aunt was the one who played baseball with me, who took me horseback riding, who took me to the father-son dinners and who gave me lessons on how to drive. Believing that anything 5 (unsual) was probably good for me, she 6 (offered) to get a loan so that I could go to Africa to work as a volunteer, which was my most important experience.
As a young girl, Aunt Marion always planned to have a large number of children of her own, but she never got married. This 7 (meant) that she was free to spend all her time taking care of me. Many people say we have a lot in common. She always 8 (expected) me to do my best. She never 9 (failed) to make me believe that I could do anything with my life that I wanted, if I only tried hard enough.
For more than sixty years, Aunt Marion didn’t and still doesn’t think of herself. 10 she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, and she doesn’t think that her efforts have made much 11 I honor my aunt, who taught me the things my 12 couldn’t. So every June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I’ve sent her a Father’s Day card.
For more than sixty years, Aunt Marion didn’t and still doesn’t think of herself. 10 (Unless) she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, and she doesn’t think that her efforts have made much 11 (deference). I honor my aunt, who taught me the things my 12 (father) couldn’t. So every June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I’ve sent her a Father’s Day card.
模仿是最好的老师
创新源于模仿，模仿是学习英语的基础，也是创新的基础。只有在你通过模仿，真正掌握了英语的灵魂、精髓之后，才可能谈到自己的语言风格。要读各种不同类型的文章、名家的文章，重复地读过多遍而能真正理解了之后，就一丝不苟地去模仿。模仿得越像越好，这是英语学习的最基本的常识。
学习英语成功谈
重复是技能之母
“Repetition is the mother of skills.”重复是技能之母，任何技能的获得，均来自重复。重复原则与量的原则缺一不可，在学习英语中的任何技能（听、说、读、写），都必须在量的基础上再反复重复。熟练掌握的词和句一定是你重复过无数遍的，这些被重复的东西已经变成了你的一部分，因此你能把它们运用自如。
课标卷的启示
夯实知识基础
强化读写训练
学会灵活变通
关注社会 关注生活
把握试题，明确方向
试题—是为实现特定的检测目的，以问题化的形式、要求考生在有限时间内完成规定性指令的书面操作、并以量化形式、来描述考生在处理该学科问题时所表现的能力高低的载体。
明确试题功能
从学习心理学的角度看， 通过试题，考查考生是否能够将所学习的结果，进行成功的迁移。迁移成功与否，取决于两个条件：
一是，考生对相关知识的理解、掌握，以及考生的思维能力、对自己心理活动的自控能力；二是，考生对迁移的新情景的熟悉程度，是否有处理类似问题的经验、技能。通过试题外在呈现形式，检测考生内在的学科能力（学习迁移能力）心理特质。
学科能力考查
高分考生特点：
目标明确
计划缜密
全力以赴
不言放弃
成功的人擅于找方法
失败的人喜欢找借口
高分考生风格：敢于挑战自我
“一个人过去或现在的情况如何并不重要，将来想获得什么成就才是最重要的。”
“我们现在处在什么地方并不重要，重要的是看我们朝什么方向移动。”
高分考生风格：
“神射手之所以神，并不是他的箭好，而是因为他瞄得准。”
“一个人如果没有明确的目标，以及达成这项目标的具体计划，不管他如何努力，都像失去方向的轮船。就是辛勤的做事，也尚不足以使一个人获得成功”
高分考生风格：
“愚者错过机会，弱者等待机会，智者把握机会，强者创造机会。” “悲观者只看见机会后面的问题，乐观者却看见问题后面的机会。乐观者不仅能看到眼前的问题，还能发现问题后面的机会。发现机会是以自身的才能和努力为前提的。”
“遇事绝望，这正是很多人失败的根源。成功更多依赖的是人的再一次的尝试而不是天赋与才华。”
三步有效复习策略
第一步：依标整理
第二步：强化训练
第三步：查缺补漏
第一步：依据课标，整理知识
英语学习的基石：词汇+语法。挑战高分首先要过好词汇语法关：
核心词汇：1500 （1000+500）；核心语法：时态、语态、从句
词汇复习重点：强化中级记忆理解运用
词汇一通万事无忧！
认字能力强，阅读无障碍：理解准、读速快，拿高分！
用字能力强，写作无障碍：写得对、用得活，拿高分！
突破中级语法：
灵活运用动词时态: 321 语态：3+2
掌握复合句: 连词使用
突破非谓语动词: 明确逻辑主语
第二步 强化训练
训练目的：吃透试题，增强题感
训练计划：每次三套，两周见效
训练内容：真题演练，专题突破
第二步 强化训练
训练目的：吃透试题，增强题感
训练计划：每次三套，两周见效
训练内容：真题演练，专题突破
高三备考积极开展课题研究：
“任务驱动式复习”研究
“小组合作式”复习课研究
“讲练结合”复习课研究
“自我反思式” 试卷讲评课研究
“自评式”试卷讲评课研究
“自学式、讨论式”讲评课研究
“专项试题”讲评课
复习建议
复习备考有 “面” 有 “点”, 点面结合
词汇复习背中练, 练中用, 背练结合
语法复习用中练,练中用, 练用结合
技能提高练中悟法,贵在得法
挑战高分: 准确+速度!
复习 “十六”字诀
照纲—按考纲内容进行知识的梳理总结,提炼精华.
顾面—进行全面系统复习.
抓点—在全面复习基础上,抓住重点,突破难点.
理线—发现知识之间的关系.滚动加厚.
归类—深化知识,强化记忆.
助记—利用分类记忆,联想记忆,比较记忆,读写记忆,句意记忆,短文记忆等方法加强记忆.
精讲—突出重难点,语言简洁,画龙点睛.
善练—复习以基础题,常见题为主,打破思维定势，采用多种形式有效进行训练.
复习课设计原则
提炼升华
—站在学科高度看知识（抓本质、上高度，换角度）、杜绝简单重复
—构建知识体系
有的放矢
—了解学生问题、避免面面俱到
注重实效
—学生的参与程度
复习要能抓重点，突难度：
1、完形填空
完形考商
你是否通过读全文后才开始答题？
你能充分利用首句信息来答题吗？
你能否根据上下文的暗示来答题吗？
你会利用生活常识和社会经验来答题吗？
做完试题，你是否将答案代入检查？
（1）语篇突破
加大无词填空训练，目的是提高语篇理解的能力。无词填空训练，强迫你要依赖篇章进行选词，使文章通顺达意。不受干扰项的干扰，与读者对话是完成完形填空试题的良好习惯。选项中涉及了80个词语，但是有效词语只有20个（仅四分之一）。如果我们能依赖篇章，读懂作者，选项中的无用信息就不会占用宝贵的考试时间。
无词填空训练（建立依赖篇章填空的习惯）
At school many things happen to us. We may feel 1 _______ when we have success in a school play. We may feel sorry if we 2_______ an important game. We want to keep the memory for the 3_______ of our lives.
How to keep the 4 _______ Our English teacher, Miss Wang, has taught us a good way of 5_______ things to make our own yearbook. What is a yearbook A yearbook is a kind of book 6______ is used to keep the memory of exciting 7_______. It’s usually made at the end of the year. Last December, we began to make our yearbook.
First we chose the persons who had done something 8 _______, then some students 9______ them, some wrote down their stories, others took 10 _______ of them. Everyone in our class had something to do. 11 _______ our teacher helped us to put the things 12 _______. We had our first yearbook.
All of us put a lot of love into 13______ the yearbook. It is so 14 ______ that not only the students 15______ our parents and teachers will remember the special time for ever.
（带空通读，入境细读，回文查读）
At school many things happen to us. We may feel 1 excited when we have success in a school play. We may feel sorry if we 2 lose an important game. We want to keep the memory for the 3 rest of our lives.
How to keep the 4 memory Our English teacher, Miss Wang, has taught us a good way of 5 remembering things to make our own yearbook. What is a yearbook A yearbook is a kind of book 6 which is used to keep the memory of exciting 7 moments. It’s usually made at the end of the year.
Last December, we began to make our yearbook. First we chose the persons who had done something 8 special, then some students 9 interviewed them, some wrote down their stories, others took 10 photos of them. Everyone in our class had something to do. 11 Finally our teacher helped us to put the things 12 together. We had our first yearbook.
All of us put a lot of love into 13 making the yearbook. It is so 14 wonderful that not only the students 15 but our parents and teachers will remember the special time for ever.
（2）培养语感
背诵经典，提高语感。高考完形填空的短文都是精心挑选的，体裁与题材是考生比较熟悉的，一些经典的短文常被用作完形填空的练习，这些短文往往让读者爱不释手，回眸无限。在背诵中可以体会完形填空的出题思路和挖空角度，从而做到知己知彼。
高分考生谈完形：
王珂 （外国语大学）
我把完形填空看成“思维体操”，来锻炼我的逻辑推理判断能力。平时要多练、多悟。读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词、或不明白的地方，仍然快速读下去。但是做题时，不可能一气呵成。能做的，先做；不能做的，暂时放弃。待处理全文，甚至在处理的过程中，往往会有柳暗花明之时。另外在做题时，应把眼光放远一些，看文章是否有暗示词。要融入文中，设身处地地想一想主人公当时会有怎样的感受，会有怎样的举动，注意感情上的纠葛，体会作者的幽默，悟出文章的思想意义。
李海燕 （上海交通大学）
完形填空看穿了就是一种“填字游戏”，每一个空格在文章中都是有“填字”暗示的，关键是要找到这个暗示。找暗示的唯一方法就是“读”。答题最忌的就是读时逻辑不清，思维混乱，这样会造成很多错误。每小题几乎都要有上下文的支持，平时把这种“填字游戏”玩多了，考试时我有时甚至不看选项，就能将它“完形”了。
强化英语思维定势的培养
提高语言运用能力
1、通过朗读文段
朗读是将语言知识转化为语言能力的一种有效手段快速的读者总是善于利用语法结构，寻找词标。弄清了词标，就弄清了句子的结构。词标引导着读者流畅地阅读。
While your IQ tells you \how intelligent you are, your EQ tells you\ how well you use your intelligence. Professor Salovey, \who invented the term EQ, \gives the following description: At work, it is IQ \that gets you hired\ but it is EQ \that gets you promoted. Supported by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests \that when predicting someone's future success, their character, \as measured by EQ tests,\ might actually matter more than their IQ.
以句子结构模式为意义的朗读，将文气和语流紧密地联系在一起，全段全文一气呵成，充分再现了作者的思路。同时，通过朗读的熟练技巧将作者的思路转化了读者的思路，从而很好地训练了朗读者的英语思维定势。
2、通过句型训练
句型快速反映训练也是培养英语思维定势的有效办法。英语的基本句型有限，基本句型的扩展也是有规则的。将约定俗成的句型以及其规则同化到语言感知的思维定势之中。
常见的英语句型和语言固定结构有：
1）状语从句
2）定语从句
3）强调句型等的固定结构
4）动词句型
5）疑问句型
3、通过视觉感知进行训练。
在训练时使用学生没有读过的文章，只要找出句子的框架，并理解框架，说明他已具备思维定势。思维定势的强弱反映在理解句型的速度上。
快速理解以下短文里的句型
In a language program reading should not be regarded merely as a way of “stamping in “structures and vocabulary already met through listening and speaking. As texts are permanent (unlike speech), they give the learner the chance of grappling with his problems in his own time. Spoon—feeding the learner by limiting his reading to language he already knows does not allow this development to take place. On the other hand texts should not be too difficult or the learner will be discouraged.
为帮助学生掌握快速阅读理解短文的句型和话语结构，读后立即让学生填出原有结构功能作用的词。
（ ） a language program reading should not be regarded merely（ ）a way of “stamping in ”structures （ ）vocabulary already met through listening and speaking. （ ） texts are permanent (unlike speech), ( )give the learner the chance of grappling ( ) his problems in his own time. Spoon—feeding the learner ( ) limiting his reading to language he already knows ( ) not allow this development to take place. ( ) the other hand texts should not be too difficult ( ) the learner will be discouraged.
经过快速阅读理解和反复进行句型与话语结构练习，学生就会逐渐养成对英语上下关联的感觉，发展阅读以及听说写活动中的英语思维定势。
抓重点，突难度：
2、突破决定成败的阅读理解。
阅读考商
在阅读中遇到生词和难句时，还能保持原有的阅读心态吗？
是不是很难把握所读文章的主旨大意？
答题时，是否能在文章中找到答案依据？
解题过程中，准确率一般能到达80%吗？
考试时，往往解答哪些题型出错多？
明确影响阅读的因素
背景知识
缺乏必要的背景知识是造成阅读困难的主要原因之一.
词汇
词汇的扩充是阅读理解的主要组成部分.词汇量的大小预示着阅读能力的高低. 词汇量的缺乏,不能自动解码是构成阅读困难的首要原因.
句法结构
句法结构的陌生同样会给理解带来困难,不过句法所造成的理解障碍远不如词汇所带来的困难.
阅读策略
阅读策略是有效阅读的保证. 不正确运用阅读策略就很难在规定的时间内完成阅读任务.
兴趣
兴趣可以加深读者对材料的理解,而缺乏兴趣常常是有效阅读的障碍.
抓重点，突难度
3、突破最后一道关卡 “书面表达”
写作考商
在写作前你是否先列提纲？
是否先写初稿，然后再修改、定稿？
写作过程中，会注意语法使用，尤其时态的使用是否正确？
会尽量避开生僻的词汇和没有把握的表达方法吗？
会用简单的语句间的连接成分，使文章结构紧凑吗？
是否能在高考前背诵30-40篇优秀范文吗？
写作教学：
1）读写结合
阅读默写
复述短文
2）说写结合
看图说话
问答式作文讨论式短文
3）听写结合
边听边写
听后笔记
听写拼接
4）译写结合
单句翻译
翻译式作文
综合教学：阅读---讨论---写作
Pollution: balance cause damage destroy environment forbid harmony illegal ignore
liquid material nuclear phenomenon plastic
occur protect quality reduce rescue resist ruin smooth suffer surround survive system
Sports: accept adventure athlete audience ceremony benefit coach control defeat delay duty encourage entertainment equal fail injure inspire kick measure medal position reward rapid score stadium succeed struggle strength
复习新理念---话题语用
Feeling: admire amaze appreciate ashamed astonish awful anxious confident curious delight envy nervous optimistic patient puzzled quarrel regret respect scare sensitive
Education: academic arrange apply behave biology cause challenge character common congratulation courage culture degree devote experience express expert familiar graduate
intelligence instruction institute introduce interview junior lecture mention method normal novel opinion refer regular request
处理好五个关系，提高复习课实效性
1）“展”与“收”的关系。
一节课既要展得开，也要收的拢。
2）“详”与“略”的关系。
有所舍才有所获，有所不为才能有所为，当详则详，当略则略。
（核心内容高复现）
3）“密”与“疏”的关系。新课开篇，接踵而来的是“高密度” “重负荷”的运动，要遵循“注意”、“兴奋”的延展率，趁学生兴奋正浓，浓彩重笔，或讲、或练、或评、或辩，掀起高潮。高潮之后（25分钟左右）应以，疏缓的小插曲缓以养身。整个课堂疏密得体，使学生在愉悦中学会知识。
4）“断”与“续”的关系。45分钟不能均匀前进，善于借助短暂的“休止”，无形的“换气”，断续互补。创造富有节奏的台阶，避免沉闷呆板。
5）“深”与“浅”的关系。
处理教学内容必须遵循“可接受性”原则，根据学生认知水平，进行深入浅出的讲解。善于领悟复习内容的实质，得其精神。深课可以浅讲，浅课可以深教。深而有度，浅而有法，环环相套，节节相通。
能做到四个结合，实现复习过程最优化
1）教师主导作用与学生主体作用最佳结合
教师的主导作用要充分体现在调动学生学习的积极性、主动性上，把学习的主动权交给学生。教师备课应该在如何把握教学进程、预测学生学习中可能遇到的困难、鼓励学生学习积极性、教会学生学习等方面下工夫
影响学生主动学习的8因素
教师对教学及教学内容的热情及投入
教学内容与学生的相关程度
课程的内容结构
教学内容的难易程度
学生主动参与教学活动的程度
教学方法的多样化程度
教师与学生之间的相互理解与沟通
所采用的例证是否恰当具体、让学生产生共鸣
2）知识结构的内在规律与学生认知发展规律的最佳结合。
只研究知识结构，不重视研究学生的认知结构，就会影响教学效果。
3）掌握知识与发展能力的最佳结合。
活动的设计、练习的编写要重视学中用，用中学。
4）教的方法与学的方法的最佳结合。
使学生掌握科学的学习方法和有效的学习策略是教学过程的重要任务之一。
一堂课可以用四个量来衡量：信息量、思维量、媒体使用量和延伸量。
信息量: 学生在课堂中获得的所有信息的总量，包括文本信息、师生口语信息、教师肢体信息等。内容不仅是课本与练习，还应有课外信息。
思维量：学生在课堂中积极思维的时间与深度，是大脑的活动总量。思维量决定于教师或学生所提出的问题的质量。教师有意无意的替代，无疑会减少学生的思维量。
延伸量：指课堂教学延伸到课外的量。即当学生走出教室时带着多少问题，带着什么问题，还有多少继续学习这门学科的欲望。如果能够有足够的、学习能够承受的延伸量，就能实现新课程所提出的 “保持学生学习欲望”的目标。
充满智慧的教师一定具有“把希望寄托于课堂，把希望寄托于学生”，即把大面积提高学习成绩的希望寄托于课堂之内，寄托于学生身上。课堂的第一资源就是学生的差异，利用好这一资源的最有效的办法是：建立“学科小先生”，建立灵活的学习小组，让小组长和学科小先生帮助教师进行学习管理。教师“很轻松、很潇洒、很有成就感”。你将会为所培养的学生中有人达到了“教是为了不教”的境界而高兴。
构建新课程“三有，六让”课堂模式
有趣、有情、有理
目标让学生清楚
疑问让学生讨论
过程让学生经历
结论让学生得出
方法让学生总结
练习让学生选择
享受学习
享受教学
在我们的教学生涯中与学生共同成长！
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