Unit 7 International Charities 重点知识点汇总+巩固练习（含答案）

牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit7重点知识点汇总
重点单词短语熟记
掌握重点句型
▲单词
八下
7
especially
adv.特别，尤其
[?s'pe??li]
八下
7
basic
adj.基础的，基本的
['be?s?k]
八下
7
education
n.教育
[?edj?ke??n]
八下
7
equal
adj.平等的
[?i?kw(?)l]
八下
7
right
n.权利
[ra?t]
八下
7
spread
n.扩散；分布；展开
[spred]
八下
7
interviewer
n.来访者
['?nt?vju??]
八下
7
blindness
n.失明
八下
7
mostly
adv.主要地，大部分地
['m??stli]
八下
7
case
n.病例；案列
[ke?s]
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7
cure
vt.治愈
[kj??]
八下
7
medical
adj.医学的，医疗的
[?med?k(?)l]
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7
treatment
n.治疗
[?tri?tm?nt]
八下
7
patient
n.病人
['pe???nt]
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7
afford
vt.买得起；能做
[?'f??d]
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7
go to hospital
去看病
八下
7
on board
在飞机（船、火车）上
八下
7
operate
vi.做手术
[??p?re?t]
八下
7
proud
adj.骄傲的，自豪的
[pra?d]
八下
7
reader
n.读者
['ri?d?]
八下
7
medicine
n.医学；药
['med?s?n]
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7
develop
vi.发展；加强
[d?'vel?p]
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7
treat
vt.治疗；处理
[tri?t]
八下
7
carry on
继续开展，继续下去
[?k?r??n]
八下
7
leaflet
n.传单；散页印刷品
['li?fl?t]
八下
7
hand out
分发；提出
八下
7
hold
vt.容纳 v.拿住,握住,保留
[h??ld]
八下
7
set
vi.&vt.设置;放置，安置
[set]
八下
7
set up
建起，设立
八下
7
including
prep.包括，包含
八下
7
war
n.战争
[w??]
八下
7
organize
组织
[???g?na?z]
八下
7
pale
adj.苍白的
[pe?l]
八下
7
matter
n.事情，问题，物质，素材
['m?t?]
八下
7
check
n.检查
[t?ek]
八下
7
secretary
n.秘书
[?sekr?tri]
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7
make up one's mind
决定
八下
7
India
n.印度
['?nd??]
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7
officer
n.官员
[??f?s?]
▲词组背诵
provide basic education
提供基础教育
higher/further education
高等教育/进步教育
prevent the spread of diseases
预防疾病的传播
because of blindness
由于失明
pocket money
零花钱
build a better world
建立一个更好的世界
be used as...
被用作...
go to hospital
去看病
on board
在飞机（船、火车）上
be proud to do sth
以做某事而自豪
operate on sb
给某人做手术
improve their lives
改善他们的生活
develop quickly
迅速发展
eye problem
眼疾
modern medicine
现代医学
carry on
继续开展
hand out
分发；提出
all over the world
全世界
with one's help
在某人的帮助下
in a few days
几天后
set up
建起，设立
World WarⅡ
第二次世界大战
look pale
看起来脸色苍白
have a check
检查一下
a secretary of a big company
一家大公司的秘书
make up one's mind
决定
work for the equal rights of girls an women
致力于女孩和妇女的平等权利
be afraid of
害怕...
【考点精讲】
一、核心词汇
1．especially adv.
[考点点拨]especially意为“特别，尤其”，较多地用于正式文体，指某事物超乎一般的重要、不寻常。如：
Their main exports are textiles, especially silk and cotton.
他们的主要出口货物是纺织品，特别是丝绸和棉布。
I like maple trees, especially in autumn
我喜欢枫树，尤其是秋天的枫树。
specially表示为了某一特定目的而“特意、专门”采用某一方式做某事。如：
The meeting is specially arranged for you.
这次会见是特意为你安排的。
2．spread扩散．
[考点点拨]spread作名词，意为“扩散；分布；展开”；spread还可作动词，意为“展开，摊开，使扩散”，过去式和过去分词都不变化。
Sue spreads the map out on the floor.
苏在地板上摊开地图。
The disease has spread across the whole world.
这种疾病已经在全世界扩散开来。
3．hold vt．
[考点点拨]意为“举行”。与hold有关的短语：
hold on等着；挺住；（电话用语）别挂断，等一下
hold off不开始，延迟，推迟
hold out维持，抵抗，使有可能
hold up支撑得住，承受住
如：
Can you hold on? I'll see if he's there.
等一下行吗？我去看一看他在不在那里。
She is holding up well under the pressure.
她承受住了压力。
We could get a new computer now or hold off until prices are lower.
我们现在就可以买新电脑，不然就等到降价再说。
二、核心句型
1. Many of our patients can't afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them我们的许多病人付不起钱去医院看病，所以我们得到他们身边去。
[考点点拨] afford to do sth付得起钱做某事，负担得起做某事。常与can，could，be able to连用，多用于否定句或疑问句。can't/couldn't afford to do sth付不起钱做某事，负担不起做某事。如：
I cannot afford to go because I don't have a bean.
我没法去，因为我身无分文。
We can't afford to pay such a price.我们付不起这个价钱。
2. I'm proud to help people see again and improve their lives.
帮助人们重见光明，改善他们的生活使我感到自豪。
[考点点拨] be proud of sth./doing sth.＝be proud to do sth.＝be proud+that从句，意为“对（做）某事感到自豪”。如：
I'm proud that I'm a Chinese.
＝I'm proud of being a Chinese.
＝I'm proud to be a Chinese.
我为自己是中国人而骄傲。
pride作名词，意为“骄傲”。take pride in为……而自豪。如：
Today I'm proud of my school and tomorrow my school will take pride in my success.
今天我以学校为荣，明天学校会以我的成功为傲。
3. But more money is needed to carry on with our work.
但是要继续我们的工作需要更多的钱。
[考点点拔] carry on with sth /carry on doing sth.＝continue to do sth. /continue doing sth继续做某事。如：
The doctor told her to carry on with the treatment.
医生叫她继续治疗。
4．What's the matter?怎么了？／有什么事吗？
[考点点拨] 类似结构：What's the trouble? /What's wrong?如果要表示“某人／某物怎么了？”，要在后面加“with sb．/sth”。如：
What's the matter with you? ＝What's the trouble with you? ＝What's wrong with you?你怎么啦？／你有什么麻烦吗？
“What's the matter (with…)?/What's the trouble
(with…)?/What's wrong (with…)?”这三个句型在充当宾语从句时语序不变。如：
Can you tell me what's the matter/the trouble/wrong with you?你能告诉我你怎么了吗？
5.…so she made up her mind to train as a nurse…
……所以她下决心接受培训当一名护士……
[考点点拨]make up one's mind下决心，打定主意；make up one's mind to do sth下决心／打定主意做某事。如：
I make up my mind to finish the work in two days.
我下决心在两天内完成这项工作。
6. She is getting used to travelling by plane.
她习惯了坐飞机往来于各地。
[考点点拨] be/get used to (doing) sth习惯于（做）某事。如：
He is used to taking notes of everything he did
他习惯把他所做的一切事情都记下来。
三、重点语法
一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
英语中共有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式。一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”“受”“给”“由”等词表示被动意义。如：
Millie(主语)cleans(谓语)the room(宾语)every day.（主动）
动作执行者 动作 动作承受者
The room(主语)is cleaned(谓语)by Millie every day.（被动）
动作承受者 动作 动作执行者
1．被动语态的用法
(1)当动作的执行者泛指或不言自明时，用被动语态。这时一般不需要by结构。如：
Word processing skills are taught in our computer
lessons.在我们的电脑课上传授文字处理技术。
(2)当不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者时，用被动语态。如：
Some new computers in our school were stolen last
night.昨天夜里我们学校里的一些新电脑被偷了。
(3)突出或强调动作的承受者时用被动语态。如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by结构。如：
The window was broken by Mike窗户被迈克打破了。
2．被动语态的构成
被动语态的构成形式是“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”。人称、数和时态的变化通过be动词的变化表现出来。
一般现在时的被动语态构成：am／is/are+及物动词的过去分词。如：
Visitors are requested not to touch the machines.
参观者们被要求不要触摸机器。
一般过去时的被动语态构成：was/were+及物动词的过去分词。如：
Millie was invited to Kate's birthday party last week.
上周米莉被邀请参加凯特的生日聚会。
3．主动语态变被动语态的方法
先把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，再把谓语变为被动结构(be+动词的过去分词)，最后把主动语态的主语放在介词by后面作宾语，将主格变为宾格。如：
Her mother cooks meals at home.
→ Meals are cooked by her mother at home.
家里的饭菜是她母亲做的。
4．主动语态变被动语态需要注意的问题：
(1)谓语动词的时态要与原句时态一致。如：
I bought a new bike.（改为被动语态）
我买了一辆新自行车。
误：A new bike is bought by me.
正：A new bike was bought by me
(2)含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，可以分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不变。一般变间接宾语为主语。如：
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.
→ I was given a present (by my uncle) on my birthday．
我叔叔在我生日时给了我一个礼物。
如果把直接宾语（指物）改为主语，要在间接宾语（指人）前加适当的介词to或for。如上句还可说：
A present was given to me (by my uncle) on my birthday．
注意：动词bring，give，lend，offer，pass，show，teach，tell等后面的间接宾语前常用介词to．动词buy, cook, get, keep, make, order, play, sing等后面的间接宾语前常用介词for。如：
My bike was lent to her.我的自行车借给她了。
A new shirt was made for me by Mum.
妈妈给我做了一件新衬衫。
5．在主动语态中以省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的，改为被动语态时不能省略to(要把to补充出来)。如：
I often see him play basketball in the playground.
→ He is often seen to play basketball (by me) in the playground.
我经常看见他在操场上打篮球。
【考点精练】
一、单项选择
( )1. (2014．广州)He is very surprised that all the houses in the village_______ white.
A．paint B．painted C. are painting D. are painted
( )2. (2014．临沂)Three bridges_______ over the river five years ago.
A．built B build C. were built D. are built
( )3. (2014．阜康、米泉)- Mary was heard _______ just now. What happened?
- John was telling her a joke.
A cry B. to cry C. laugh D. to laugh
( )4. The basketball match was really fantastic, ______ when Jeremy Lin scored in the last second.
A. probably B．especially C．exactly D．mostly
( )5. (2014．扬州) -Some children can't afford _______ necessary stationary.
- Let's donate our pocket money to them
A．buy B buying C．to buy D．be bought
( )6. (2014．山西) -Mum! I did best in our group discussion today.
- Well done! I_______ you.
A．am mad at B．am patient with C am proud of
( )7. (2014．江西) -Hi, John_______?
- It's Lucy, my dog. Her leg is hurt.
A. How are you B. What's the matter
C. Who's that D. What's Lucy like
二、根据汉语提示完成句子
1．(2014．常州)经常看到露西的父亲开车送她上学。
Lucy's father _____________________.
2．别浪费时间了！继续写吧。
Don't waste time! Carry______________ your writing.
3．我爸爸习惯于早起。
My dad______________ early.
4．你已经下决心留在这儿了吗？
Have you______________ stay here'?
参考答案
一、1—7 DCDBC CB
二、1.is often seen to drive her to school 2.on with 3. is used to getting up
4.made up your mind to
巩固练习
一、选择题
1．The sports you do， the you will be.
A. much; healthy B. more; healthier
C. much; healthier D. more; healthy
2． The Yellow River is the second _______river in China.
A. longer B. the longest
C. longest D. long
3． Rose sings ________ and her handwriting is __________ .
A. good ; good B. well ; good
C. good ; well D. well ; well
4．Students spend too much time_______computer games.
A．playing B．play C．plays D．played
5．—Tony is six and he is_______his sister Jane.How old is Jane?—Three.
A．twice as old as B．two years older than
C．as old as D．three years younger than
6．The fastest plane made by the USA can fly 10，000 meters______ the sound per hour.
A．less than B．more than C．faster than D．slower than
7．My brother is_______than me.
A．older three years B．old three years
C．older three year D．three years older
8．“Look.How_______the ice is！”Mike jumped up and down some times to prove it.
A．big B．thin C．soft D．thick
9．Without hard work, you can't______your dream.
A．choose B．encourage C．manage D．achieve
10．Tom is good at math______ I know.
A．as far as B．as well as C．as soon as D．as much as
二、完形填空
The sound of Music is one of the most popular American movies. people all over the world like it very much. And the Do Re Mi in the movie is also popular in the world. It can be heard everywhere.
The movie is a about a tutor, Maria. She was a young and outgoing(外向的)woman. She went to look a family with seven children. Their family was Von Trapp. Mr. Von Trapp was a captain. He and his family lived in Austria.
The family were very and tired after the children's mother, Mrs. Von Trapp died. took care of the children. They cried and shouted every day. The lonely father often became angry because of the children.
Maria was able to make the family by teaching them to sing lively songs and performing short, funny plays. At first the father was almost mad, the smiling faces of the children pleased him and made him happy again. Then Mr. Von Trapp fell in love with（爱上）Maria. At last they got married.
11．A. Few B. Many C. Some D. Several
12．A. song B. film C. voice D. sound
13．A. picture B. book C. story D. poem
14．A. for B. over C. at D. after
15．A. name B. house C. address D. street
16．A. sad B. happy C. excited D. surprised
17．A. Somebody B. Everybody C. Anybody D. Nobody
18．A. quiet B. noisy C. lovely D. lucky
19．A. clean B. happily C. happier D. more happily
20．A. so B. and C. but D. or
It must have been about two in the morning when I returned home. I tried to my wife by ringing the door-bell, but she was very deeply asleep. So I got a ladder from the shed in the garden, put it against the wall, and began climbing towards the bedroom .I was almost there when a sarcastic voice below said, "I don't think the windows need cleaning at this time of the night.” I and nearly fell off the ladder when I saw a policeman. "I enjoy at night,”I said, but I immediately felt sorry about in the way I did.
"So do I,” answered the policeman in the same tone. "Excuse my interrupting you. I hate to interrupt a man when he's busy working, but would you coming with me to the station?"
"Well, I'd prefer to stay here,”I said. "You see, I've forgotten_______.”
"Your what? ” he called.
"My key,” I shouted.
Fortunately, the shouting woke up my wife. She opened the window just as the policeman
had started to climb towards me.
21．A. wake up B. hurry up C. give up
22．A. door B. wall C. window
23．A. climbed up B. looked down C. ran away
24．A. climbing ladders B. cleaning windows C. opening doors
25．A. doing B. climbing C. answering
26．A. enjoy B. like C. mind
27．A. my key B. the ladder C. the door-bell
三、阅读理解
Experts (专家) say that students usually need eight to ten hours’ sleep at night, but most Chinese students do not get enough sleep. Some Chinese parents are usually glad to see their children studying late. They will think their children work very hard, but not all parents are happy about this. Once a mother told us that every morning her 10-year-old boy put up one finger (手指) with his eyes still closed, begging(请求) for one more minute to sleep. Like thousands of students — “early birds” in China, he has to get up before six every morning.
A report shows that without a good night’s sleep, students seem to be weaker than they should be. Many students have fallen asleep during class at one time or another. Too much homework is not the only reason why students stay up late. Some watch TV or play the computer games late into the night.
Experts have ever said that the students should develop good study habits. So some clever students never study late, they are able to work well in class.
28．The 10-year-old boy begged for one more minute to sleep because _____.
A. he didn’t have enough sleep
B. it wasn’t time for him to get up
C. he didn’t want to go to school
29．In this passage we know if students don’t get enough sleep, they may _____.
A. not work well in class
B. go to bed early
C. be weak in English
30． In this passage “early birds” means — persons who _____.
A. get up early
B. get up late
C. don’t want to sleep
31．The underlined (下划线的) words in the passage mean _____.
A. watch TV late
B. not go to bed until late
C. stay outside
32．According to the passage, which of the following is Right?
A. If you want to study better, you must work hard at night.
B. Sleeping less means working hard.
C. Students don’t have enough sleep because they have lots of homework to do.
Once a boy went to a palace to ask a wise man what the secret of happiness is. After talking with the boy, the wise man asked the boy to look around the palace and return in two hours. “And , I want to ask you to do something,”said the wise man .“As you look around, carry this spoon with you without making the oil spill (溢出).”
The boy began walking up and down the stairs of the palace, and he kept his eyes on the spoon all the time. After two hours, he returned. “Well,” asked the wise man, “what did you see in my palace?” The boy said that he had seen nothing.
“Then go back and enjoy my wonderful world,” said the wise man. The boy picked up the spoon and began to look around the palace again. This time, he saw many beautiful things in the palace. When he returned, the wise man asked, “but where are the drops of oil I give you?” The boy saw that the oil was gone.
“There is only one piece of advice I can give you,” said the wise man. “The secret of happiness is to see all wonders of the world and never to forget the drops of oil on the spoon.”
根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出正确选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡（填在答题卷）的相应位置上。
33．The boy visited the wise man for _______________?.
A. helping the wise man carry the oil
B. becoming famous
C. getting the secret of happiness
D. going sightseeing in the palace
34． The story happened _______________ .
A. in a university ?? B. in a palace
C. in a restaurant ??? D. in a boy’s home
35．Why did the boy see nothing for the first time to look around the wise man’s palace?
A. Because he kept his eyes on the spoon all the time.
B. Because he was blind.
C. Because there was nothing in it.
D. Because the oil was gone.
36．Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The wise man lived in the beautiful palace.
B. There were many beautiful things in the palace.
C. It was difficult for the boy to carry the spoon with him without making the oil spill.
D. The boy was invited to see a wise man.
37．According to the passage, we can know _______________?.
A. the boy didn't get the secret of the happiness at all
B. the wise man told the boy what was the happiness, but not directly
C. the secret of happiness is to see all wonders of the world
D. the wise man said nothing
句型转换
38．My parents are getting ready for my sister’s birthday party（改为同义句）
My parents are _______ ________ my sister’s birthday party.
39．We should take care of the old.（改为同义句）
We should _______ ________ the old.
40．I think people should protect the environment.（改为否定句）
I _______ think people ________ protect the environment.
41．Our school put off the sports meeting. The weather was terrible.（合为一句）
Our school put off the sports meeting ________ ________ the terrible weather.
42．There were a lot more pandas in China.（改为一般疑问句）
________ ________ a lot more pandas in China?
六、补充句子：根据首字母提示完成短文。
The Great Wall of China is the l___43．__ wall in the world. It goes from w__44．__ to east, over m___45．___, through valleys(山谷) and finally reaches the sea.
The Great Wall is more than 8,000 kilometers l 46． , six to seven meters high and four to five meters wide. In most places it is wide e___47．__ for five horses or ten men to walk side by side a___48．___ the top.
I t was very d___49．___ to build such a great wall in the old times. T___50．___ of men died when they built it. The Great Wall was made not only of stones, but millions of lives.
Today, the Great Wall becomes the place of i___51．___ not only to theC 52． people, but also to people all over the world.
参考答案
1．B
2．B
3．B
4．A
5．A
6．C
7．D
8．D
9．D
10．A
11．B
12．A
13．C
14．D
15．A
16．A
17．D
18．B
19．C
20．C
21．A
22．C
23．B
24．B
25．C
26．C
27．A
28．A
29．A
30．A
31．B
32．C
33．C
34．B
35．A
36．D
37．B
38．preparing for
39．look after
40．don’t；should
41．because of
42．Were there
43．longest
44．west
45．mountains
46．long
47．enough
48．at
49．difficult
50．Thousands
51．interest
52．Chinese