Unit 4 A good read 重点知识点汇总 (2)+单元测试题（含答案）

牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit4重点知识点汇总
1009015476250Unit 4 A good read
Unit 4 A good read
1.使学生掌握本单元掌握Comic strip—Task重要的短语搭配与重点词汇的意思与运用；
2.对单元重点句型能够细致的理解，并能模仿句型进行写作；
3.能够将每个知识点灵活地运用到单项选择和词汇运用等基础题型当中。
【聚焦中考】：Unit4 必考知识点汇编
考点一：考查情态动词的用法
I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.
我必须用它们来够到电冰箱上的盒子。(教材第48页)
中考链接
—Must we take out the trash now?
—______. You can do it after class.
A. Yes, you must B. No, you can’t C. Yes, you may D. No, you needn’t
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“我们必须现在倒垃圾吗？”“不，你们不必。
可以下课后”。以must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t。
考点二：考查about的用法
I'm reading a book about Germany in World War II.
我在看一本关于第二次世界大战中的德国的书。(教材第49页)
中考链接
Robert Hunt sometimes advises the students _____ common problems.
A. in B. about C. with D. for
【答案】B
【解析】句意：罗伯特?亨特有时就学生的常见问题提出建议。advise sb about/on sth. 向某人就某事提出建议。用介词on或about引出建议的具体方面。故选B。
考点三：考查名词辨析
I shouted at them—the loud noise made them all fall over.
我朝他们大喊——响亮的声音使他们都摔倒了。(教材第51页)
中考链接
It’s better to keep your ____ down in public places if you’re with your friends.
sound B. noise C. voice D. throat
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为“在公共场合最好压低你的声音，即使和你的朋友在一起”。根据句意，这里指说话的声音，故选C。
考点四：考查词义辨析
I did not know what to say either.我也不知道说什么。(教材第51页)
中考链接
You can take ____ of two toy cars and leave the other for your brother.
A. both B. none C. either D. neither
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意“你可以拿这两个玩具车中的一个，把另一个留给你弟弟”可知，应用either表示“两者中任何一个”，故选C。
—What would you like, tea or coffee?
—_____, thanks. I just prefer a glass of water.
A. Both B. Neither C. Either
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你想要什么，茶还是咖啡？——都不要，谢谢。我更喜欢一杯水。A. Both两者都；B. Neither两者都不；C. Either两者之一。根据题意：茶和咖啡都不要，只要一杯水，所以用“两者都不”：neither。故选B。
考点五：考查“疑问词+不定式”的用法
I want some history books, but I don’t know where to find them.
我想借几本历史书，但是我不知道在哪里可以找到它们。(教材第58页)
中考链接
—Have you decided _____ to the beach?
—Not yet. It depends on the weather.
A. whom to go B. where to go C. when to go D. why to go
【答案】C
【解析】考查“疑问词+不定式”的用法。句意为“你决定何时去海滩了吗？”“还没有。这要取决于天气”。根据句意可知什么时候去还没有决定，因此用“疑问词when+不定式”结构。故选C。
—It’s important for us to know _________ all the subjects.
—Yeah, group work is my favorite.
A. how to study B. when to study C. which to study D. what to study
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——对于我们来说知道如何学习所有的科目是重要的。——是的，小组活动是我最喜欢的。A. how to study如何学习； B. when to study什么时候学习； C. which to study学习哪个，D. what to study学习什么，根据答语group work is my favorite可知，这里指的是学习方式，故选A。
考点六：考查help的用法
They help me relax after a busy day.
繁忙的一天之后它们帮我放松。(教材第61页)
中考链接
Ann often helps me ____ math after school.
A. for B. with C. on D. by
【答案】B
【解析】help sb. with sth.意为“在某方面帮助某人”。故选B。
易混淆单词和短语辨析
1. 辨析：yet, already
yet
已经；还；仍然，常用于疑问句和否定句中，一般位于句末。
already
已经，常用于肯定句中，一般位于助动词之后，实义动词之前，也可用在句末。
如：I’ve already finished the work. 我已经做完了那项工作。
Have you read the book yet? 你已经读完这本书了吗？
考题链接
①You ______ that question three times.
A. already asked B. have already asked
C. already have asked D. asked already
②I have _____ finished my work. Have you finished yours _______?
A. already; already B. yet; yet C. yet; already D. already; yet
答案：① B ②D
2. 辨析：voice, noise, sound
voice
一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌的声音。除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少指动物的声音。
noise
“噪音，喧闹声”，指不悦耳的吵闹声如嘈杂声、噪音等。
sound
泛指自然界的各种声音。
如：The girl has a beautiful voice.这个女孩嗓音很美。
Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。
Don’t make any noise!别吵闹！
考题链接
Her _______ is very sweet, but the ______ made me not hear clearly.
【答案】voice; noise
3. 辨析: also，too，either，as well
also
also是正式用语，通常放在句中，位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，用于肯定句中。
too
口语中用得较多，一般用于肯定句中，其位置一般在句末或句中，在句末时，too前可用逗号，也可不用。
either
—般只用于否定句，且放在句末。
as well
通常只用于肯定句句末。
例：My little brother can also swim.我的小弟弟也会游泳。
I’m in Row Three, too.我也在第三排。
If you don’t go, I won’t go, either.如果你不去，我也不会去。
I'm going to Nanjing and my sister’s going there as well.
我打算去南京，我妹妹也打算去那儿。
考题链接
用too，also，either或as well填空。
1）I'll go to see the film，_________．
2）If you don’t come here，I shouldn't，______．
3）I，________，will help him．
4）Jack can speak Chinese，and his brother can____speak Chinese．
答案：1）too 2) either 3) as well 4) also
4. 辨析：as, when, while
as
引导的从句中谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词，主、从句所述动作同时发生，意为“一边……一边……”。
when
意为“当……时候”，引导的从句中谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词，主、从句所述动作可同时发生，也可先后发生。
while
引导的从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词，也可表示对比。
如：She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。
I went to bed when I finished my homework.做完作业，我就去睡觉了。
Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。
5. 辨析：rise, raise
rise
不及物动词，意为“升起，上升”(rose, risen)。
raise
及物动词，意为“提高，筹集，抬起，举起” (raised, raised)。
如：The water in the river rose after the heavy rain. 大雨过后，河里的水位上涨了。
The teacher asks us to raise our hands if we have questions.
如果我们有问题，老师要我们举手。
考题链接
Voices were ___ when the discussion became more heated.
A.risen B.raised C.shouted D.improved
【答案】B
【解析】raise指将物体“举起，抬起”到高处，还有“提升，提出，养育”等意。rise指太阳、月亮等的“升起”及指事物的“上升”或“上涨”，该词不能用于被动语态，故该题选B。
6. 辨析：try to do sth., try doing sth.
try to do sth
努力去做某事，表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成。
try doing sth.
尝试着做某事，指为了达到某种目的而去尝试。
如：I try to study English hard.我要努力学习英语。
I try drinking the hot water.我试着喝这些热水。
7. 辨析：since, as, because
since
意为“既然”。表示稍加分析可得出来的双方都知道的原因。
as
意为“由于，鉴于”，引导的从句表示十分明显的原因。
because
意为“因为”，引导的从句表示直接的原因或理由，常用于回答why引导的问句。
如：Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.既然大家都来了，我们就开始开会吧。
As you weren’t there, I left a message.由于你不在那儿，我就留了个口信。
I was late because I was ill yesterday.我迟到是因为我昨天病了。
8. 辨析：alive, living
alive
意为“活着的，在世的”，常在连系动词之后作表语，不可在名词前作定语。
living
意为“活的，有生命的”，既可在连系动词之后作表语，又可在名词之前作定语。
如：We were happy that the little girl was alive.小女孩还活着，我们很高兴。
Is his grandfather still living?他爷爷还健在吗？
单元短语句型归纳
【短语集萃】
1. do with 处理
2. be interested in 对……感兴趣
3. be tired out筋疲力尽
4. fall down 倒下
5. stand up站起来，起立
6. all over 遍及
7. talk to sb.和某人交谈
8. hand in 上交
9. fall over 摔例
10. ask for请求（给予）
11. on time 准时
12. at a time 一次
13. for example 例如
14. the same as 和……一样
15. and so on 等等
16. more than超过，多于
17. publishing house 出版社
18. give sth. to sb.给某人某物
19. spare time空闲时间
20. by the time到……的时候
21. wake up 醒来
22. look down 向下看
23. shout at sb.朝某人喊
24. run away 逃跑
25. so far到目前为止
26. at first 起初
27. by the way 顺便问一下
28. in the future 将来
29. how long多长时间，多久
30. look for 寻找
31. an army of 一大群
32. less than不到，少于
33. open up开启，开创
34. translate... into...把……译成……
【典句必背】
Have you decided what to do with these books, hobo?
你已经决定用这些书做什么了吗，霍波？
What do you like to read in your spare time?你在业余时间喜欢看什么书？
After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could.
当我们的轮船触礁之后，我尽可能地游远点。
It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.
它向上移到我的胃和脖子上，直到它站在我的脸旁。
He was the same size as my little finger!他和我的小手指一样大！
I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes.
我努力抽出一只手，最后设法弄断了绳子。
Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.桑迪想知道哪里可以寻求帮助。
You must keep the books clean and tidy.你必须保持书干净、整洁。
You must not eat or drink in the library.你不可以在图书馆里吃、喝东西。
all the British publishing houses refused to publish it 所有的英国出版社都拒绝出版它
Mr Wu wants to find out about his students’ reading habits.
吴老师想查明他的学生的阅读习惯。
Who do you usually ask for advice on books?
你通常向谁寻求关于书的建议？
语法精讲：must和have to用法
一、must的用法
(1) must表示“必须”，“应该”。否定式must not(mustn’t)表示“不应该，不许可，不准，禁止”等。在回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用need not(needn’t)或don't have to 表示“不必”，而不用must not (mustn’t)。
如：The work must be finished as soon as possible.这件工作必须尽快完成。
You mustn’t speak like that.你不能那样说话。
—Must I be home before eight o’clock? 8点之前我必须回家吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to. 是的，必须回家。/不，不必。
(2) must表推测，
①一般只用于肯定句中，译成汉语“一定”，“必定”。如：
There must be some mistakes.肯定有一些错误。
You must be very tired.你一定很累了。
②如果表示对过去事情的推测，就用must+完成时。如：
You must have left your umbrella in the theatre.你一定把雨伞丢在剧院里了。
His car is still here. He must have gone by bus.
他的车还在这里，他一定乘公共汽车走了。
③当must表推测之意时，其否定形式常用can not而不用must not。
He can’t have been to your home. He doesn’t know your address.
他不可能到过你家，因为他不知道你的住址。
What can he be doing at this time of night?
夜晚都到这个时候了，他究竟在干什么呢？
(3) must表必然性
You must catch cold if you don’t put on more clothes.
如果你不多穿些衣服，必然感冒。
如：All men must die.人固有一死。
Truth must be out.真相总会大白。
二、have to的用法
(1) have to表示“必须”，“不得不”，在这个意义上与must很接近，但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to 表示的却是客观需要。
I have to go now.我得走了。（客观需要）
I must go now.我必须走。（主观看法）
You have to work hard to make a living.为了谋生你就得努力工作。（客观需要）
You must do what I tell you.你必须按照我告诉你的去做。（主观要求）
(2) have to有更多的时态形式：现在时，过去时，将来时等，而must只有现在时形式。
如：We had to be there at 8.我们得8点到那里。
I shall have to go to school tomorrow.明天我得去上学了。
(3) have to不能代替表推测的must，但在虚拟条件句中用had had to+动词原形表示与过去相反的情况。
如：You must be joking.你一定是在开玩笑。（不能用have to）
If I had had to do the work, I should have done it in a different way.
如果我不得不做这项工作，我会以不同的方式去做。（不能用must）
If I had had to run the factory, I would have had it run by able men.
如果我管理那家工厂的话，我就会让能人来管。（不能用must）
语法透视：疑问词+不定式
一、“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构有两种形式：
疑问词＋to＋动词原形
如：I don’t know what to say. 我不知道说什么。
Can you tell me how to make a paper boat? 你能告诉我怎样做一只纸船吗？
疑问词＋名词＋to＋动词原形
如：I don’t know which topic to choose. 我不知道选哪个题目。
二、“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构中的疑问词，包括疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词how, when, where等。这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语，这种结构可在句子中作以下成分：
主语：
如：Where to stay for the night is a problem. 晚上在哪儿过夜还是个问题。
宾语：
We must know how to operate the machine. 我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。
In one of his books, Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.在马克思的一本书中，他对如何学习一门外语提出了一些建议。（作介词on的宾语）3. 表语：
如：The question is which to choose. 问题是选哪个。
同位语：
如：The problem what to send them is unknown. 送什么给他们这个问题还不知道。
三、“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语时，相当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the bookshop?= Excuse me. Can you tell me how I can get to the bookshop？
四、“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，经常放在tell, show, teach, learn, know, wonder, discuss, remember, forget, find out等动词（词组）之后作宾语。如：
The teacher told the students how to do the experiment.
老师教学生如何做实验。（句中told含有taught的意思）
The young woman doesn’t know what to do.
那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。（句中what不能改换成how）
He tells me how to answer all the questions in English.
他告诉我怎样用英语回答所有的问题。（句中的how不能省去）
五、如何表达“怎么办”，在翻译“怎么办”时，许多同学译成how to do，实际上是犯了汉语式英语的错误，“怎么办”的实际意义是“做些什么”，故应用代词what作动词do的宾语，而不用副词how。只有在表达“怎样做这件事”时才说how to do it。
Unit4 单元测试
一、单项选择。（20分）
( )l Li Ming wag very when he heard the news that his composition won
the first prize，
A excited；exciting B excited；excited
C exciting；exciting D exciting；excited
( ) 2 Mary，with her parents， to America .They back in two weeks.
A have gone；will come B has gone；will come
C have been；have come D has been；come
( )3 A：When did they arrive?
B：They two hours ago .They here for two hours.
A arrived；have arrived B reached；have reached
C got；have been D arrived；have been
( )4 l'm sorry but I my book at home.
A forgot B forget C left D leave
( )5A Good luck with your Chinese exam.
B .
A Thank you B No，I’m not luckv.
C Good luck to you D You’re welcome.
( )6 You shouldn’t at Nick .Although he failed again，he tried his best.
A worry B smile C shout D laugh
( )7 Many poor children still don’t have enough books .
A to read B read C reading D reads
( )8 A：I don’t know if his uncle .
B：I think he if it doesn’t rain.
A will come；comes B will come；will come
C comes；comes D comes：will come
( )9 Henry a book named Gulliver’Travels for Sam yesterday.
A has bought B buys C bought Dwill buy
( )10 There are books in our school library than in yours.
A much more B a lot of more C a lot of D many more
二、完形填空．( 5分)
As a student, you must 1 a lot of interesting books. Most of the books come from the school 2 ,I guess .Perhaps you also get books from the public (公共)library in your town. Sometimes your parents or friends may give you books as presents. Besides, if you like reading and want to learn 3 ,you may buy books 4 .Do you know 5 books are made? Well, after a book is written, it passes 6 the hands of many different workers. Each one 7 very carefully，for there must not be any 8 in a book. Different people read it many times before it is printed(印刷).Millions of books are printed in our country every year. So people can get 9 to read .Now may I ask you a 10? How well do you take 11 of books? What have you learned about the care of books? When you bought some 12 books, do you put covers on them? Do you open 13?Sometimes new books break along the back if
you open 14 suddenly in the middle .I hope that you don’t 15 the pages carelessly .If
you do，you may tear(撕)them.
( )1 A read B watched C looked D seen
( 1 2 A headmaster's office B classroom C teacher's office D library
( )3 A much B more C most D few
( )4 A all B yourself C also D either
( )5 A what B why C which D how
( )6 A through B to C in D from
( )7 A does 13 is work C work D works
( )8 A mistakes B questions C wrong D thing
( )9 A more B enough C little D great
( )10 A matter B thing C word D question
( )11._A careful B after C out D care
( )12 .A more B new C well D nicer
( )13 A always B the books C it D carefully
( )14 A them B carefully C it D book
( )15 A break B throw C write D turn
三．阅读理解。(20分)
A
Jack London was a famous American writer. He was born on 12 January 1876. His family was very poor and Jack had to leave school to make money .He worked hard at many different jobs .Later Jack went back to school，but he did not stay long. In 1879．he went to Alaska (阿托斯加)to find gold. However he didn’t find any. Instead he found his ideas for his books and stories there. He came back home and started to write. He became rich and famous in his twenties. Jack London was not a happy man. He died young. When he died he was only forty years old.
阅读短文，根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)：
( )l As a boy，Jack had to leave school because his family was very poor.
( )2 He went to Alaska because he could go on with his studies there.
( )3 In fact he found ideas for writing on his way back to America.
( )4 He became rich and famous in his thirties.
( ) 5 Jack London died in 1916.
B
Reading newspapers has become an important part of everyday life. Some people read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning，others read newspapers as soon as they have free time during the day so that they can learn what is happening in the world.
Sometimes，we do not have enough time to read all the news carefully ,so we just take a quick look at the front page. At other times we may be in such a hurry that we only have a few minutes to look at the headlines(标题) of the passage. Newspapers are everywhere in the world .We can get many different kinds of newspapers in big cities but in some remote (遥远的)villages we can see few newspapers.
Some newspapers are published once a week，but most of the papers are published daily with many pages，some are even published twice a day!You know different people enjoy reading different newspapers .Some like world news，and others like short stories .They just choose what they are interested in.
Today，newspapers in English have the largest number of readers in the world the English language is so popular that many Chinese students are reading English newspapers such as China Daily or 21st Century .Also they get more and more information from the Internet.
( )1 People read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning to
A learn the latest(最新) news B meet their own different needs
C read the short stories D find the morning news
( )2 From the passage we can see that when they get newspapers.
A people read every page very carefully B people just read the headlines
C not everyone reads all the pages D people have no time to read them
( )3 Newspapers have so many pages because
A more and more people like to read them B people enjoy reading differently
C newspapers become cheaper D more pages mean more money
( )4 Newspapers are the most popular in the world.
A in English B in Chinese C in other language D with many pages
( )5 Besides(除了)newspapers，people also get information from .
A magazines B advertisements C e-mails D the Internet
四．按要求填写单词(1 5分)
A根据所给汉语提示填写单词。
1. There are several (字典)on the shell. You can choose one.
2 .You can (继续)to order what you want by calling our hotline.
3. Please (举起)your left hand if you can answer it.
4 The man wanted to know more about it so he did a (调查)
5 He likes to listen to my (建议)
B根据句意和首字母提示填写单词。
1 You have to read the m first and then you’ll know what to order.
2 There is something wrong with my s .I don’t want to eat anything.
3 Gulliver pulled his hand free and finally m to break the ropes.
4 You must r books on time so that other people can borrow them.
5 Can you t the English article into Chinese?
C用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Do you think watching TV is useful? No, I think it is (use).
2 Can you answer the question (correct)at once when the teacher asks you?
3 When you borrow books from the library，remember (take)care of them.
4 Thanks for (lend)these books to me.
5 If Gulliver runs away，those small men (stop)him.
五、根据短文内容及首字母提示填写单词。(I 5分)
What is a library for? Most libraries have books and other things to r 1 .Many of them have things to listen to .Some libraries even have c 2 .Very f 3 people would think of library as a place to live in.
One library in New York City b 4 a home for 250 people for a few days. There were people e 5 in the library .They slept wherever they could. W 6 did the people move into the library?
The people moved into the library b 7 the city wanted to close it to s 8 money. These 250 New Yorkers loved their library .They didn’t want to 1 9 it .So they moved in .They knew that the library couldn’t be closed if they were living inside it. At last，the city a 10 to keep
the library open，and then the people all went home.
1.r
2.c
3.f
4.b
5.e
6.w
7.b
8.s
9.l
10.a
六、书面表达。(15分)
A在横线上填人适当的词语，使句子完整，谈谈搞好“读书角”活动的建议．
e.g. Donate your own books that you have finished reading to the class library.
1 after you read some good books.
2 I have to make our reading activities well.
3 Choose a different student every week as a person on duty to .
4 Return your borrowed books .
5 Treat the books ,using a bookmark instead of dog-earing(折角) the pages.
B参照A部分的内容，提出班级借阅图书的三至四项规定。80词左右。
My Suggestions for Our Reading Corner
Reading is fun! We can explore new places and learn about animals，people and so much more through books. Set up a reading corner in our classroom so that we can get close to books in a relaxed environment.






参考答案：
一．1A 2 B3 D4 C5 A6 D7 A8 B9 C10 A
二．1 A2 D3 B4 B5 D6 A7 D8 A9 B10 D11 D12 B13 D14 A15 D
三．A)1 T2 F3 F4 F5 T
B)1 A2 C3 B4 A5 D
四．A)1 dictionaries 2continue 3raise 4survey 5advice
B)1 menu 2 stomach 3 managed 4 return 5 turn
C)1 useless2 correctly 3 to take 4lending 5 will stop
五．1 read 2 computers 3 few 4 became 5everywhere 6Why 7 because 8 save 9 lose 10 agreed
六．1 Recommend your favorite book(s) to your classmates/Share your ideas with your classmates
2 some suggestions/ideas/rules
3 tidy the shelves/mend any broken books
4 as soon as possible/put it where it is
5 with care/carefully/well