(共33张PPT)
Module
6
Old
and
New
Reading
and
Vocabulary
(Ⅱ)
Learning
aims
1.
To
learn
some
language
points
in
the
passage.
2.
To
improve
the
ability
to
solve
problems.
temple
relic
site
construction
carving
（1）Something
made
by
cutting
away
material
from
wood
or
stone.
（2）It
is
another
word
for
building.
（3）An
object
or
a
tradition
that
has
survived
from
a
period
of
time
that
no
longer
exists.
（4）It
is
another
word
for
location.
（5）It
is
a
place
of
great
importance
to
Buddhists.
carving
construction
relic
site
temple
Leading
-
in
1.
The
Great
Wall
of
China
is
the
longest
man-made
structure
ever
built.
中国的长城是有史以来最长的人工建筑。
(1)过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句
The
lecture
given
by
Professor
Wang
was
wonderful.
which
was
given
by
Professor
Wang
The
house
built
last
year
will
be
sold
to
a
foreigner.
which
was
built
last
year
Language
points
(2)
structure
n.
①构造,
结构
今天我们学习了大脑的构造。
We
learnt
about
the
structure
of
the
brain
today.
②
建筑物（可与building互换）
埃菲尔铁塔是世界上最著名的建筑物之一。
The
Eiffel
Tower
is
one
of
the
most
famous
structures
in
the
world.
1.
(2019·北京卷)Earth
Day,________(mark)on
22
April
,
is
an
annual
event
aiming
to
raise
public
awareness
about
environmental
protection.
2.(2020?全国Ⅱ卷)The
beautiful
long
branches
(cover)
with
pink-colored
buds
make
fantastic
decorations.
【高考链接】
covered
marked
2.
date
vi.始于（某一历史时期）
Most
of
the
Great
Wall
dates
from
the
Ming
Dynasty…
长城的大部分城墙的建造时间要追溯到明代……
date
from
=
date
back
to
可追溯到；始于
无进行时，无被动语态，多用于一般现在时。
这座教堂可追溯到1840年。
This
church
dates
back
to/from
1840.
这座古塔可追溯到公元1世纪。
The
old
tower
dates
from/back
to
the
first
century
AD.
【知识拓展】
①dated
adj.有日期的，陈旧的
②out
of
date
过时的；过期的
③up
to
date
现代的；直到最近
Though
this
kind
of
clothes
is
beginning
to
be
out
of
date,
she
is
very
happy
to
wear
it.
尽管这种衣服不再流行，她仍乐意穿着。
date
from/date
back
to
常指以“现在为起点”往前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时，且无被动语态。若句中有信息提示从过去某一时间往前推，则用过去时态。
【即学即练】
There
stands
a
castle
on
the
top
of
the
hill,
which
__________________the
15th
century.
山顶上有一座城堡，这座城堡要追溯到15世纪。
dates
from/back
to
【误区警示】
3.
accommodate
vt.为（某人）提供住宿(膳宿、座位等)；帮忙；给……提供方便；适应
The
airport
is
designed
to
accommodate
80
million
passengers
a
year.
这个飞机场被设计客流量为每年8千万人次。
The
hall
can
only
accommodate
up
to
200
people.
这个大厅最多只能容纳200人。
That
hotel
can
only
accommodate
50
guests.
那个宾馆仅可为50名客人提供住宿。
【知识拓展】
(1)
accommodate
(oneself)
to
使（某人）适应于
accommodate
sb.
with
sth.在某方面帮助某人
Each
of
the
students
needs
to
accommodate
to
the
new
schedule
quickly.
每个学生需要迅速适应新的时间表。
【误区警示】
短语
accommodate
oneself
to
中的
to
为介词，故其后的宾语应用
doing
形式。
【即学即练】
他无法使自己适应艰苦的工作。
He
can’t
_____________________________the
hard
work.
accommodate
himself
to
doing
4.
be
of+抽象名词
=be+抽象名词的形容词
A
temple
is
a
place
of
great
importance
to
Buddhists.
寺庙对佛教徒来说是一个很重要的地方。
(1)
be
of+抽象名词
=be+抽象名词的形容词
be
of
great/much
value/importance/use/help
=be
very
valuable/important/useful/helpful
It
is
very
important
for
students
to
spend
enough
time
studying.
=It
is
of
great
importance
for
students
to
spend
enough
time
studying.
对学生来说,
有足够的时间学习非常重要。
(2)
be
of
a/an/the
same
+n.表示“属于（某一共同范畴、特征等）”,
其中的名词没有相对应的形容词形式。
The
two
are
of
an
/the
same
age,
but
are
of
different
heights.
这两个人年龄相同，但身高不同。
【即学即练】
2.不论你提什么建议,
对我们都会有价值。
__________________________________________________________________________________
1.
童年教育对一个人的成长至关重要。
翻译句子
Children
education
is
to
____________________to
a
man’s
growth.
Whatever
advice
you
may
offer
,
it
is
of
value
to
us.
be
of
great
importance
5.
Mao
Zedong
wrote
a
poem
in
which
he
dreamed
of
“walls
of
stone
to
hold
back
clouds
and
rain
till
a
smooth
lake
rises
in
the
narrow
gorges”.
毛泽东写过一首词，在词中，他想象了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的壮丽景观。
(1)
dream
of
向往,
梦想
Now
Alia
waited
for
the
war
to
end
and
dreamed
of
peace
and
a
new
library.
现在阿莉娅等待战争的结束,期望和平的到来。
(2)
hold
back
阻挡，阻止；抑制(感情等)；隐瞒；犹豫不决
She
couldn’t
hold
back
her
tears
when
she
heard
the
news.
当听到这则新闻的时候她无法抑制自己的泪水。
I
think
he’s
holding
something
back;
he
knows
more
than
he
admits.
我认为他有所隐瞒;
他知道的比他承认的要多。
【知识拓展】
hold
up
举起；延迟;
耽误
hold
off
推迟;
拖延
hold
on
等着;
(困境或危险中)坚持住;
别挂断
hold
one’s
breath
屏住呼吸
hold
on
to
抓住；保持；不放弃
catch/get/grab/seize/take
hold
of
抓住;
拿住;
握住
Do
not
__________the
truth.
不要隐瞒事实真相。
He
_____________the
rock
to
stop
himself
slipping.
他抓住石头以免自己滑倒。
The
pupil
________________to
ask
the
teacher
a
question.
这个学生举起手问了老师一个问题。
【即学即练】
hold
back
held
on
to
held
up
his
hand
6.
Now
his
dream
has
come
true.
如今，他的理想已经变成了现实。
come
true意为“(预言、梦想等)成为事实，实现”，为不及物动词短语，意思等同于realize,
但realize为及物动词，后面需要跟表示事物的名词作宾语。
His
dream
of
being
a
scientist
has
come
true.
=He
has
realized
his
dream
of
being
a
scientist.
他成为一名科学家的理想实现了。
7.provide
vt.
提供，供给
n.
供给，供应
provide
sth.
for
sb.=provide
sb.
with
sth.
为某人提供某物
Somehow
she
managed
to
provide
her
children
with
food
and
clothing.
不管怎样,她总设法使她的孩子有饭吃,
有衣穿。
【拓展】
(1)
providing/provided
=
supposing
=
if
假如，如果，以……为条件
I
shall
go
providing
(that)
it
doesn’t
rain.
假如不下雨我就去。
Supposing
he
is
not
at
home,
what
then?
假如他不在家,那怎么办?
(2)
offer
sb.
sth.
=
offer
sth.
to
sb.
8.
suggest
v.建议；暗示，表明
Sun
Yat-sen,
who
was
the
leader
of
the
1911
Revolution,
first
suggested
the
idea
of
a
dam
across
the
Yangtze
River
in
1919.
在1919年，领导了辛亥革命的孙逸仙（中山）先生就首次提出了要在长江修筑大坝的设想。
(2020·
天津高考)To
help
us
prepare
for
the
exam,
the
teacher
suggested
reading
through
our
notes.?为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议(我们)通读笔记。
I
suggested
him
giving
up
smoking.
我建议他戒烟。
【归纳拓展】
1.
suggest
(sb.)
doing…
建议(某人)做某事。
2.
suggest表示“建议”时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气；其名词suggestion对应的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也用虚拟语气，从句谓语部分用“should+动词原形”,
should可省略。
3.
suggest表示“暗示”时，其宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
【即学即练】完成句子
1.
I
suggest
you
___________him
some
specific
questions
about
his
past.
2.
He
suggested
_________(make)a
trip
to
Beijing
instead
of
staying
at
home.
3.
The
expression
on
his
face
suggested
that
he
___(be)
not
satisfied
with
the
result.
(should)
ask
making
was
9.
The
dam
will
generate
electricity
equal
to
about
40
million
tons
of
coal
without
causing
so
much
air
pollution.
大坝将要生产相当于燃烧约4
000万吨煤所产生的电量，但不会造成那么严重的空气污染。
equal
(1)
adj.
相等的；平等的
equal
to
等于；胜任
He
is
equal
to
this
task.
他能胜任这项任务。
(2)
vt.
等于；比得上；与……匹敌
Two
plus
two
equals
four.
二加二等于四。
None
of
us
can
equal
her
as
a
dancer.
作为一位舞蹈者没有人能与她相匹敌。
(3)
equally
adv.同样地；相等地
They
share
the
housework
equally
between
them.?
他们平等分担家务。
10.
Some
of
them
are
being
removed
and
some
are
being
put
into
museums.
其中有一部分被转移，还有一部分被博物馆收藏。
remove
vt.
(1)
迁移，移居
Our
company
has
removed
from
Qingdao
to
Shanghai.
我们的公司从青岛搬到了上海。
(2)
拿走，移动
Remove
your
hand
from
my
shoulder.
把你的手从我肩膀上拿开。
(3)
脱掉，摘掉
He
removed
his
hat
and
gloves.
他摘掉了帽子和手套。
(4)
除掉，排除
These
reforms
will
not
remove
poverty.
这些改革并不能消除贫困。
(5)
免职，解雇
The
manager
has
been
removed
from
his
post.
这位经理被免职了。
1.
How
many
people
________________________?
这个大厅能容纳多少人？
2.
__________________there
being
such
a
beautiful
place
in
such
a
wild
area.
我从来没梦想到在这样的野外竟然有如此漂亮的地方。
Class
exercises
完成句子。
can
this
hall
accommodate
I
never
dreamed
of
3.
At
last
,
his
dream
of
studying
computer
in
Beijing
University
_________.
最后，他在北京大学学习计算机的梦想实现了。
4.
The
custom
_____________the
8th
century
when
people
knew
little
about
the
Earth
where
they
lived.
这个习俗追溯至八世纪，那时人们对他们所生活的地球所知甚少。
came
true
dates
back
to
Homework
Review
language
points
we
have
learned
this
class.
Stick
to
it,
and
you’ll
succeed.
只要人有恒，万事都能成。(共28张PPT)
Module
6
Old
and
New
Listening
&
Speaking
&
Writing
1.
To
understand
the
new
words
in
the
listening
part.
2.
To
get
the
main
information
from
the
listening
passage.
Learning
aims
Discussion
Do
you
know
some
listening
strategies？
If
you
are
going
to
write
a
conversation,
will
you
stress
the
usage
of
intonation
of
the
sentences?
Leading
-
in
2.
A
film
about
a
dam.
3.
The
Yangtze
River.
4.
Students
from
Vietnam.
Listening
for
the
subjects.
The
1st
dialogue:
The
2nd
dialogue:
The
3rd
dialogue:
The
4th
dialogue:
1.
A
map
of
China
Listening
practice
a
map
of
China
Three
Gorges
Dam
Maps
of
the
World
Listen
to
the
passage
again
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
Dialogue
1
The
woman
is
looking
for
_______________
as
she
is
trying
to
find
the
__________________
from
it
.
The
man
recommends
a
book
called
_________________.
Three
Gorges
Dam
in
Egypt
absolutely
fascinating
Dialogue
2
The
man
saw
a
film
about
a
dam
last
night,
but
it
wasn’t
about
the
__________________
.
It
was
another
dam
_________
and
he
thought
it
was
____________________.
Dialogue
3
The
woman
took
a
_____
that
went
up
the
______________
to
visit
the
Three
Gorges
Dam
____________.
And
she
thought
the
trip
was
____________________.
boat
Yangtze
River
in
December
absolutely
wonderful
Dialogue
4
The
man
was
writing
_________
to
some
people
from
_________
who
he
met
on
the
boat.
Actually
those
people
were
_________
organised
by
the
government.
an
email
Vietnam
on
a
visit
Listen
and
try
to
finish
off
activities
2
and
3
on
Page
57.
The
keys
to
activity
2
1.
Egypt
2.
Maps
of
the
World
3.
December
4.
The
government
The
keys
to
activity
3
1.
that/
which
2.
that/
which
3.
who
4.
/
5.
who
Pronunciation:
Read
the
sentences
and
underline
the
attributive
clauses.
The
keys
:
1.
that
I
have
seen
2.
which
is
the
world’s
oldest
and
longest
canal
3.
which
has
brought
an
end
to
the
danger
of
flooding
4.
which
takes
you
all
the
way
along
the
Yangtze
River
5.
which
is
the
third
longest
in
the
world
Function
and
Everyday
English:
Match
good
nice
hot
big
cold
surprised
pleased
silly
interesting
tired
excellent
wonderful
boiling
enormous
freezing
astonished
delighted
ridiculous
fascinating
exhausted
Choose
two
of
the
adjectives
above
and
make
a
dialogue
with
your
seatmate.
For
example:
A:
Is
it
cold
outside?
B:
Cold?
It’s
absolutely
freezing!
The
keys
to
activity
2
on
Page
58:
1.
enormous
2.
fascinating
3.
wonderful
Writing
Read
the
email
and
answer
the
questions.
1.
Does
the
writer
of
the
email
live
in
Zigui
County?
No,
she
doesn’t.
2.
Why
did
she
want
to
visit
the
region?
Because
it
is
where
her
grandparents
had
lived.
3.
What
had
changed
since
the
last
time
she
was
there?
The
area
has
been
flooded
because
of
the
Three
Gorges
Dam.
Can
you
find
out
the
structure
of
this
essay?
The
structure
of
the
email
Paragraph
1
:
the
reason
why
the
writer
travelled
to
that
place
Paragraph
2
:
the
changes
of
that
place
Paragraph
3:
express
the
writer’s
feelings
Discussion
Discuss
the
following
questions
with
your
partner:
1.
Which
place
are
you
going
to
write
about?
2.
Why
do
you
want
to
talk
about
that
place?
3.
What
changes
have
taken
place
in
that
area?
4.
How
do
you
feel
about
the
change?
根据下列信息写一篇120～150个词的文章，说说你们城市广场的变化。
十年前
现在
广场很小
广场是以前的四倍大
没有花草
广场周围摆放了很多花，广场中间增设了音乐喷泉（music
fountain）
没有大屏幕
有了宣传（promote）城市的大屏幕
嘈杂，到处是卖东西的小贩
干净，人们在广场上锻炼、跳舞
【写作训练】
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
our
city
square.
Now
the
size
of
the
square
is
four
times
what
it
was
ten
years
ago.
In
the
past,
there
were
no
plants
or
flowers
but
now
there
are
many
flowers
around
the
square
and
in
the
centre
of
the
square
stands
a
music
fountain.
There
is
also
a
screen
promoting
the
city’s
image
on
【参考范文】
the
square,
which
couldn’t
be
seen
ten
years
ago.
In
the
past
the
square
was
noisy
with
sellers
selling
all
kinds
of
goods
while
now
the
square
is
so
clean
that
many
people
do
physical
exercise
or
dance
here.
What
great
changes!
Language
Points
1.
bring
an
end
to
sth./bring
sth.
to
an
end
结束，终止
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
is
a
hydro-electric
project
which
has
brought
an
end
to
the
danger
of
flooding.
三峡大坝是一项水力发电工程，它结束了洪灾的危害。
They
brought
the
project
to
an
end
last
month.
他们上个月就把工程结束了。
【知识拓展】
come
to
an
end
结束，完结
put
an
end
to
结束……
from
beginning
to
end
从头到尾
in
the
end
最后，终于
at
the
end
of
在……末端
by
the
end
of
到……末为止
carry
sth.
through
to
the
end
把某事进行到底
【即学即练】
完成句子
The
first
world
war
_________________
in
1945.
第一次世界大战在1945年结束。
They
didn’t
_________________________until
an
agreement
was
reached.
直到双方达成协议，他们才结束了战斗。
came
to
an
end
bring
an
end
to
the
fight
2.
freezing
adj.
冷冰冰的;
极冷的
Real
friendship
does
not
freeze
in
winter.
真正的友谊遇到寒冬也不会冻结。
Freezing,
isn’t
it?
冷极了,
不是吗?
【点津】
(1)与freezing相关搭配:
freezing
point凝固点;
freezing
cold
极冷
(2)
freeze用作不及物动词时意为
“结冰;
冻结”。另外该词还有“酷寒;
冻僵”之意。其过去式和过去分词分别为froze,
frozen。
(3)当freeze为及物动词时,
意思是“使结冰;
使凝固”,
后面可直接跟名词作宾语。
The
north
wind
has
frozen
the
water
in
the
pool
in
the
garden.
北风使花园里的池水结冰了。
【即学即练】
1.
Two
men
were
_______________
on
the
mountain
because
it
was
_________
cold.
因为天气太冷了，那两个人在山上被冻死了。
2.The
orange
trees
should
be
watered
at
the
exact
moment
when
the
temperature
drops
to
the
______
point.
气温降至零度时，橘子树需要在特定的时刻浇
水。
frozen
to
death
freezing
freezing
Homework
Write
a
short
conversation
which
ends
with
another
of
the
strong
adjectives
from
the
list
in
activity
1
on
Page
58.
Kill
two
birds
with
one
stone.
一石二鸟。(共28张PPT)
Module
6
Old
and
New
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary（Ⅰ）
1.To
learn
some
information
about
Old
and
New.
2.To
master
some
words
to
express
Old
and
New.
3.To
grasp
the
meaning
of
culture.
Learning
aims
A
wide
piece
of
flat
land
where
planes
can
take
off
and
land.
airport
Leading
-
in
A
canal
is
a
man-made
river,
made
to
allow
water
to
flow
from
one
area
to
another
area.
e.g.
the
Panama
Canal
Canal
连接着加勒比海和太平洋的巴拿马运河由法国人始建于1881年。
The
Panama
Canal,
which
connects
the
Caribbean
Sea
with
the
Pacific
Ocean,
was
first
built
by
the
French
in
1881.
cliff
A
high,
steep(陡峭的),
or
overhanging
face
of
a
mountain
在攀登悬崖的时候，他的腿摔断了。
He
broke
his
legs
while
climbing
a
cliff.
In
order
to
control
and
make
use
of
the
Nile
river,
people
built
the
Aswan
Dam.
为了控制和利用尼罗河水，人们修建了阿斯旺大坝。
dam
A
barrier(障碍物)
built
across
a
river
to
control
the
flow
or
raise
of
the
level
of
water.
gorge
峡谷
A
gorge
is
a
deep,
narrow
passage
with
steep
rocky
sides.
reservoir
Do
you
know
the
reservoir
that
provides
water
for
your
town?
A
natural
or
artificial
pond
or
lake
used
for
storing
and
controlling
water.
How
much
do
you
know
about
them?
He
who
has
never
been
to
the
Great
Wall
is
not
a
true
man.
The
Great
Wall
of
China
水调歌头·游泳
(1956.06)
才饮长沙水，
又食武昌鱼。
万里长江横渡，
极目楚天舒。
不管风吹浪打，
胜似闲庭信步，
今日得宽馀。
子在川上曰：
逝者如斯夫！
风樯动，
龟蛇静，
起宏图。
一桥飞架南北，
天堑变通途。
更立西江石壁，
截断巫山云雨，
高峡出平湖。
神女应无恙，
当惊世界殊。
largest
1.5
500
Wu
Gorge
Qutang
Gorge
Xiling
Gorge
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
Summarize
the
main
idea
of
each
part.
Part
1
(Para
1-2)
Part
2
(Para
3)
Part3
(Para
4-5)
Brief
introduction
to
the
Dam
The
reason
for
the
building
of
the
Dam
(Advantages
of
the
Dam)
Disadvantages
of
the
Dam
Fast
Reading
1.What
is
the
purpose
of
building
the
Three
Gorges
Dam
?
To
control
flooding
and
provide
hydro-electric
power
for
the
central
region
of
China.
2.What
is
the
size
of
the
Three
Gorges
Dam
?
It
is
nearly
200
metres
high
and
1.5
kilometres
wide.
Scan
the
passage
and
answer
the
following
questions:
3.
What
is
the
greatest
advantage
of
hydro-
electric
power
station
compared
with
using
coal
for
generating
electricity?
It
won’t
cause
serious
air
pollution
and
global
warming.
1.
Mao
Zedong
d_______
of
a
smooth
lake
in
the
Three
Gorges.
2.
His
dream
has
c_____
true.
3.
The
power
of
the
Yangtze
River
has
been
h________
by
the
Three
Gorges
Dam.
reamed
ome
arnessed
Paragraph
Ⅰ
Careful
Reading
1.
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
is
the
biggest
construction
project
in
the
world.
2.
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
is
only
built
to
control
flooding.
（F）
in
China
（F）
and
provide
hydro-electric
power
Paragraph
Ⅱ
3.
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
is
the
largest
hydro-
electric
power
station.
4.
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
costs
most
in
the
construction
project
in
history.
（T）
（T）
1.
Sun
Yat-sen
first
suggested
the
idea
of
a
dam
across
the
Yangtze
River
in
_______.
A.
1911
B.
1919
2.
________
of
China's
energy
is
produced
by
burning
coal.
A.
3/4
B.
2/3
3.
Burning
coal
causes
_________.
air
pollution
and
global
warming
B.
nothing
Paragraph
Ⅲ
1.
The
reservoir
has
_______
many
places.
2.
People
who
have
moved
from
their
homes
are
____________________
in
different
areas.
flooded
living
a
happy
new
life
Paragraph
Ⅳ
1.
What’s
the
result
of
the
project
of
the
Three
Gorges
Dam?
It
has
flooded
some
of
China’s
most
famous
historical
sites.
2.
What
do
we
do
for
historical
relics?
Some
of
them
are
being
removed
and
some
are
being
put
into
museums.
Paragraph
Ⅴ
Consolidation:
Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
text.
In
1919,
Sun
Yat-sen
__________
the
idea
of
a
dam
across
the
Yangtze
River.
Three
quarters
of
China’s
energy
is
produced
by
____________.
But
burning
coal
causes
__________________
and
increases
_______________.
burning
coal
suggested
serious
air
pollution
global
warming
Post
-reading
The
dam
will
_________
electricity
________
about
40
million
tons
of
coal
without
causing
so
much
air
pollution.
Mao
Zedong
also
__________
a
dam
to
__________
clouds
and
rain.
Now
his
dream
has
__________.
generate
equal
to
dreamed
of
hold
back
come
true
The
dam
can
control
________
and
provide
_____________
power
for
the
central
region
of
China.
The
dam
is
nearly
200
metres
_____
and
1.5
kilometres
_____.
It
is
the
_______
hydro-electric
power
station
and
dam
in
the
world
and
has
cost
more
than
_________
construction
project
in
history.
flooding
hydro-electric
high
wide
largest
any
other
At
the
same
time,
the
dam
also
causes
many
people
to
______
from
their
homes.
But
now
they’re
____________________.
About
800
historical
relics
have
been
__________.
Some
of
them
are
______
________
and
some
are
_____________________.
move
living
a
happy
new
life
submerged
being
being
put
into
museums
removed
Discussion
1.
What
are
the
advantages
and
the
disadvantages
of
the
Three
Gorges
Dam?
2.
Do
you
think
the
advantages
are
more
important
than
the
disadvantages?
Homework
1.
Find
more
about
the
Three
Gorges
Dam.
2.
Learn
some
information
about
Old
and
New.
All
work
and
no
play
makes
Jack
a
dull
boy.
只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。(共26张PPT)
Module
6
Old
and
New
Grammar
1.
To
learn
the
attributive
clause.
2.
To
learn
some
language
points.
Learning
aims
试比较：
1.
This
is
the
place
where
I
lived
ten
years
ago
.
The
school
,
where
I
once
studied
,
was
built
thirty
years
ago.
2.
He
is
a
man
who
I
can
ask
for
help.
His
father
,
who
works
in
Beijing,
came
back
yesterday.
Leading
-
in
限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。
GRAMMAR
1
Non-defining
attributive
clauses
1.非限制性定语从句位于名词之后，不作限定性描述，仅作说明和补充，通常用逗号隔开。
Peter,
who
had
been
driving
all
day,
suggested
stopping
at
the
next
town.
彼得开了整整一天车，他建议在下一个城镇停留。
She
gave
me
this
dictionary,
which
she
had
bought
in
the
bookshop.
她送给我的这本词典，是她在书店买的。
2.
在限制性定语从句中，如果关系代词在从句中作宾语，常可省略。非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略，不能用that引导。关系代词跟在介词之后不能省略。
1)
The
letter
which/that
I
received
was
from
Ben.
=
The
letter
____
__________
was
from
Ben.
2)
In
the
dark
street,
there
wasn’t
a
person
to
whom
she
could
turn
for
help.=
…,
there
wasn’t
a
person
________________
she
could
turn
to
for
help.
I
received
whom/who/
不填
3.
关系代词
as可引导非限制性定语从句,
代替整个主句的意思,其位置比较灵活,
可位于句首、句中、句末;
which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句后。
As
we
all
know,
English
is
easy
to
learn.
English,
as
we
all
know,
is
easy
to
learn.
He
failed
the
exam,
which
made
his
father
angry.
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
类别
意义
功能
形式
关系代词,副词
限制性定语从句
起限定作用,若省略,原句意义不完整
修饰先行词
通常紧接先行词后,无逗号
关系词可由that代替，也可省略
非限制性定语从句
补充说明,若省去,不影响句意
修饰先行词或整句
有逗号与主句隔开
关系词不可由that代替,也不能省略
【高考链接】
1.
(2018·北京高考)She
and
her
family
bicycle
to
work,
_____
helps
them
keep
fit.
A.which
B.who
C.as
D.that
【解题关键】句意:她和她的家人骑自行车去上班，
这有助于他们保持健康。考查非限制性定语从句，
此处，which指代前面整个句子。as表示“正如”，
不符合句意，可排除。
2.(2020·
天津高考)Dr.Rowan, secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago,
has
had
to
do
all
his
own
typing.?
A.whose
B.of
whom
C.of
which
D.which
【解题关键】句意:
Dr.Rowan的秘书两周前辞职了,所以他不得不自己打字。whose关系限定词,谁的;of
whom介词+关系词;of
which介词+关系词;which关系代词。分析句子成分可知,主语为人,后边has
had
to
do为谓语,定语从句部分为“secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago”,从句中不缺主干成分,且Dr.Rowan和“secretary”之间有所属关系,故本题选A。
GRAMMAR
2
Contraction
of
attributive
clauses
Read
the
sentences
and
find
out
the
meaning
of
them
and
underline
the
relative
clauses.
1.I
met
a
man
my
grandfather
worked
with
thirty
years
ago.
2.I
met
a
man
who
my
grandfather
worked
with
thirty
years
ago.
3.I
wanted
to
visit
the
house
that
my
grandparents
lived
in.
4.The
bus
which
I
took
back
to
my
birth
place
was
full
of
visitors
from
other
parts
of
China.
Summary
当引导定语从句的关系代词充当宾语时，可以省略。
当引导定语从句的关系代词充当主语时，则不能省略。
Rules
of
the
contraction
of
attributive
clauses.
有些定语从句可以缩略为各种短语，如分词短语、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语及动词不定式短语等，且句意不受影响。我们称这一语法现象为定语从句的缩略。
缩略为分词短语：
1.
有些定语从句可直接略去作主语的关系代词（who,
which,
that）和部分谓语（am,
is,
are,
was,
were）等，使之缩略为现在分词短语或过去分词短语作后置定语。
(1)
I
know
the
men
(who
are)
sitting
in
that
car.
我认识坐在那辆汽车里的那些人。
(2)
The
boys
helped
the
people
(that
were
)hurt
in
the
accident.?
那些男孩子救助了事故中受伤的人们。
(3)
The
problem
(which
is)
bothering
everybody
is
the
lack
of
money.
令大家麻烦的问题是缺少资金。
(4)
The
book
(that
has
been)
given
to
him
is
an
English
novel.
给他的那本书是一部英语小说。
2.
有些定语从句不能按上述方法直接缩略，而需变动词为分词。这类定语从句一般缩略为现在分词短语，且在缩略时要考虑现在分词的时态和语态特征。
例如：
(1)
The
man
who
owns
that
car
will
be
fined
for
illegal
parking.
→The
man
owning
that
car
will
be
fined
for
illegal
parking.
那辆汽车的主人将因违章停车而被处以罚款。
(2)
Bill,
who
had
taken
chemistry
in
high
school
,offered
to
help
him.
?→Bill,
having
taken
chemistry
in
high
school
,
offered
to
help
him.
比尔在高中学过化学，他主动提出帮助他。
Language
Points
make
sense
讲得通;有意义;有道理
If
you
take
away
the
attributive
clauses,
do
the
sentences
still
make
sense?
如果你把定语从句拿掉，这些句子仍然有意义吗？
What
he
said
doesn’t
make
any
sense.
他说的话毫无意义。
It
makes
good
sense
that
they
keep
cattle
on
the
hillside.
他们在山坡上养牛很有道理。
【知识拓展】
make
a
lot
of/some/no
sense
很有/有一定/没有道理
make
sense
of
...
弄懂，理解（主语常为人）
in
a/some
sense
从某种意义上讲
in
no
sense/way
绝不
there
is
no
sense
in
doing
sth.
做某事毫无道理
I
don’t
make
sense
of
what
she
said.
我不理解她的话。
This
sentence
makes
no
sense.
这个句子没有意义。
There
is
no
sense
in
worrying
about
the
past.
为过去的事情担忧是毫无意义的。
【即学即练】
This
sentence
just
doesn’t
______________,
no
matter
how
you
read
it.
无论你怎样读这个句子，它就是没有任何意义。
2.
Can
you
_____________this
poem?
你看得懂这首诗吗？
make
any
sense
完成句子。
make
sense
of
Class
exercises
1.English
is
a
language
shared
by
several
diverse
cultures,
each
of
them
uses
it
differently.
改错。
which
2.
He
may
win
the
competition,
in
that
case
he
is
likely
to
get
into
the
national
team.
which
Homework
Make
a
summary
of
the
use
of
the
Attributive
Clauses.
Early
to
bed
and
early
to
rise
makes
a
man
healthy,
wealthy,
and
wise.
早睡早起，富裕、聪明、身体好。(共29张PPT)
Module
6
Old
and
New
Cultural
Corner
1.
To
learn
the
new
words
and
phrases
about
the
text.
2.
To
improve
the
abilities
of
scanning,
skimming
and
fast
reading.
3.
To
know
about
The
Empire
State
Building
and
other
famous
tall
buildings
in
the
world.
Learning
aims
the
Empire
State
Building
帝国大厦
Leading
-
in
Taipei
101
台北101大楼
Petronas
Towers
吉隆坡石油双塔
Sears
Tower
西尔斯大厦
Jin
Mao
Building
金茂大厦
International
Finance
Centre
国际金融中心
CITIC
Plaza
中信广场
Shun
Hing
Square
信兴广场（地王大厦）
Answer
the
following
questions.
What
is
the
tallest
building
in
the
world?
What
is
the
tallest
building
in
the
US?
What
is
the
tallest
building
in
mainland?
When
were
most
of
the
tallest
buildings
in
the
world
built?
When
were
the
World
Trade
Centre
destroyed?
Read
the
passage
quickly
and
make
notes
about
the
figures
in
the
passage.
102
1931
6,500
5
500
The
Empire
State
Building
is
102
storeys
high
It
was
completed
in
May
1931.
The
whole
building
has
6,500
windows.
From
the
observatory
at
the
top,
on
a
clear
day
you
can
see
5
US
states.
Lightning
strikes
the
Empire
State
Building
about
500
times
a
year.
Fast
reading
The
Empire
State
Building,
New
York
According
to
the
notes,
make
some
sentences
about
the
information
of
the
Empire
State
Building
and
speak
out
in
groups.
Read
the
table
on
page
59
and
answer
some
questions
in
groups.
1.
How
many
of
the
World’s
Top
10
tallest
buildings
are
in
China?
2.
How
high
is
the
Sears
Tower
in
Chicago?
3.
In
which
year
was
Jin
Mao
Building
in
Shanghai
built?
Careful
reading
1.
6
of
them
2.
442m
3.
1999
Choose
the
best.
1
.The
writer’s
purpose
in
writing
this
text
is
to
____.
A.
share
some
information
about
the
Empire
State
Building
B.
tell
readers
to
visit
the
Empire
State
Building
C.
describe
the
events
happening
to
the
Empire
State
Building
D.
introduce
the
tallest
buildings
in
the
world
A
2.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?______
A.
The
building
was
as
weighty
as
the
earth
that
was
dug
out
for
the
construction.
B.
Facts
have
proved
that
the
Empire
State
Building
remains
the
tallest
building
in
the
USA.
C.
From
the
observatory
at
the
top
of
the
building
you
can
see
fire
US
states
on
a
clear
day.
D.
The
Empire
State
Building
was
built
to
make
people
have
a
better
view
of
the
city.
C
Language
points
Point
out
and
explain
some
difficulties
in
the
passage.
1.
in
the
1990s
and
in
the
twenty-first
century
2.
in
the
construction
of
the
building
3.
on
a
clear
day
4.
on
a
foggy
day
5.
The
building
has
102
storeys.
1.
It
was
the
tallest
building
in
the
world
until
the
World
Trade
Centre
was
built
in
New
York
in
1972.
它一直是世界上最高的建筑，直到1972年纽约的世贸中心建成。
until
conj.
直到……
until与till
表示“直到”之意，引导时间状语从句。当主句动词为延续性动词时，句子用肯定形式；当主句动词为非延续性动词时，句子用否定形式。
He
waited
until/till
his
mother
came
back.
他一直等到他妈妈回来。
I
won’t
leave
here
until
you
ask
me
to
go.
你叫我走我才走。
Not
until置于句首引起主句的部分倒装。
Not
until
many
years
passed
did
he
realize
he
was
wrong.直到多年过去了他才意识到自己错了。
【名师点津】
【知识拓展】
not…until句式的强调句型:
It
is
/
was
not
until…that…。例如：
（1）I
didn’t
notice
it
until
yesterday.
（改为强调句）
It
was
not
until
yesterday
that
I
noticed
it.
(2)
I
didn’t
feel
happy
until
I
saw
Mary.
（改为强调句）
It
was
not
until
I
saw
Mary
that
I
felt
happy.
1.(2018·天津高考)__________
only
________the
car
pulled
up
in
front
of
our
house
that
we
saw
Lily
in
the
passenger
seat.?直到汽车停在我们家门前，我们才看到莉莉坐在副驾驶座上。
It
was
when
【高考链接】完成句子。
2.
(2017?天津高考)___________
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
that
I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.
在我回到公寓时，我第一次遇见了我的新邻居。
It
was
when
2.
strike
v.
（1）打,
击
He
struck
the
table
with
his
fist.
他用拳头击桌子。
（2）(钟)敲响
The
clock
has
just
struck
5.
钟刚刚敲了5下。
(3)罢工(课、市)
They
strike
for
better
working
conditions.
他们为了更好的工作条件而罢工。
(4)
(疾病、痛苦、灾害等)侵袭
It
was
not
long
before
the
typhoon
struck
again.
不久台风又袭击而来。
(5)
划(火柴)
The
little
girl
struck
a
match.
这个小女孩擦亮了一根火柴。
(6)
打动,感动,给……以印象
I
was
struck
by
the
beauty
there.
我被那里的美景打动了。
(7)
突然想到，突然发现
It
struck
me
that
there
was
no
one
at
home.
我突然想起家里没人。
3.
crash
v.碰撞；坠毁，飞机失事；（计算机）死机
n.碰撞；坠落；撞击声；爆炸声
In
1945,
a
US
military
plane,
which
was
flying
over
Manhattan
on
a
foggy
day
,
crashed
into
the
building
just
above
the
78th
floor.
【知识拓展】
with
a
crash
轰隆（哗啦、咔嚓）一声
crash
into/through
把……撞碎；撞到（进）……
go
crashing
into
冲进……
1.The
plane
crashed
_______
the
skyscraper
on
Sept.
11.
9月11号那天，飞机轰然撞到摩天大楼上。
The
system
________this
morning,
so
we
haven’t
been
able
to
do
anything.
今天上午，系统瘫痪了，因此我们什么也做不了了。
【即学即练】
into
crashed
Homework
Get
more
information
about
the
world’s
top
10
tallest
buildings（2004).
A
good
medicine
tastes
bitter.
良药苦口。
