江苏省徐州市一高2021届高三下学期“五一”假期作业（一）英语试题 Word版含答案（无听力音频有文字材料）
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| 名称 | 江苏省徐州市一高2021届高三下学期“五一”假期作业（一）英语试题 Word版含答案（无听力音频有文字材料） |  | |
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徐州市第一中学2021届高三“五一”假期作业（一）
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1. What will the man do next?
A. Switch off the TV. B. Turn down the TV. C. Quit studying.
( )2. At what age might the woman retire?
A. 55 years old. B. 65 years old. C. 60 years old.
( )3. What is small for the woman?
A. The T?shirt. B. The hat. C. The skirt.
( )4. What does the man mean?
A. The film can be seen online.
B. The film is worth the money.
C. He'd rather not have bought the ticket.
( )5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At home. B. At a drug store. C. At a hospital.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
( )6. What does the man like about his hometown?
A. It has low living costs. B. It has varied nightlife. C. The weather is mild.
( )7. What is the weather like in October in the man's hometown?
A. Cloudless. B. Cold. C. Wet.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
( )8. What time was the plane originally scheduled to leave?
A. At 3：00. B. At 4：00. C. At 5：00.
( )9. Why is the woman worried?
A. The weather is bad.
B. The report is not finished.
C. An appointment will be delayed.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
( )10. Why does the man's brother go to the man's place?
A. To study. B. To work. C. To travel.
( )11. Where does the man work in the morning?
A. At a university. B. At a restaurant. C. At a bookstore.
( )12. What language is the woman taking up?
A. French. B. Spanish. C. Japanese.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
( )13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Their future job choices. B. Their next?term courses. C. Their next?term professors.
( )14. What subject does the man probably prefer?
A. History. B. Politics. C. Art.
( )15. What do the woman's parents expect her to be?
A. A restaurant manager. B. A politician. C. A teacher.
( )16. What is the woman good at doing?
A. Dealing with people. B. Working with kids. C. Painting pictures.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
( )17. How did the servants deal with their earnings in Victorian times?
A. They paid for the housing. B. They bought food and clothes.
C. They sent them to their families.
( )18. What was a nurse's main duty?
A. Cooking meals. B. Looking after children. C. Educating children.
( )19. How did the Victorian upper class parents treat their children actually?
A. Cruelly. B. Kindly. C. Strictly.
( )20. What will the speaker talk about next?
A. Lower class families. B. Upper class children's situation.
C. Comparisons between upper and lower classes.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
9/11 Memorial and Ground Zero Walking Tour
In remembrance of the events that took place on September 11, 2001, take this 2.5?hour walking tour. Walk through the space of the former World Trade Center in New York City (NYC). A guide with a personal connection to the events of that day shares stories of tragedy and heroism. Please wear comfortable shoes.
Lower East Side Food and Culture Tour
Take a deep dive into the food culture of Manhattan's Lower East Side during this 3?hour guided small group tour. Follow your guide to hidden treasures for tastes of everything from pancakes to Chinese dumplings. Along the way, your guide will cast light on the neighborhood's rich, varied food culture, which helps you understand NYC as a whole. Children aged 5 years and younger are welcome at no charge. Tour runs rain or shine.
Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Tour
Get up close and personal with Ellis Island and the Statue of Liberty on this 4.5?hour tour. Listen to the live narration from your guide and learn about the history of both spots. Jump the queue and enjoy access to reserve line boarding the ferry. Then take in the amazing views of southern Manhattan as you cross New York Harbor. Food or drinks of any kind are not permitted.
Big Apple Helicopter Tour
It might seem impossible to see the highlights of NYC in just 15 minutes. But this helicopter tour makes it a reality. Listen to commentary from your pilot as you fly by the Statue of Liberty, Central Park and other landmarks. You'll see more of the city on this tour than an entire day of exploring on foot. Reservations are required.
( )21. Which tour is perfect for those expecting a quick look of NYC?
A. Big Apple Helicopter Tour.
B. Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Tour.
C. Lower East Side Food and Culture Tour.
D. 9/11 Memorial and Ground Zero Walking Tour.
( )22. What do we know about Lower East Side Food and Culture Tour?
A. It is a night tour. B. It involves treasure hunting.
C. It is child?friendly. D. It will be canceled if it rains.
( )23. What can tourists do on Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Tour?
A. Share their first hand stories. B. Take some water with them.
C. Have a bird?view of southern Manhattan. D. Enjoy special right to board the ferry.
B
Compared with solar and wind energy, which are booming, tidal(潮汐的) power is a loser in the clean?energy competition. But if you did want to build a tidal power station, there are few better sites than the mouth of the River Severn, in Britain. Its tidal range, the difference in depth between high and low tides, of around 15 metres is among the largest in the world.
Engineers and governments have been toying with the idea since at least 1925. But none of the suggested projects has materialised. Price is one objection. A study thought that tidal energy might cost between ￡216 and ￡368 ($306－521) per MWh of electricity by 2025, compared with ￡58－75 for seagoing wind turbines(轮机) and ￡55－76 for solar panels. Environmentalists also worry that any plant would change the tides, making life harder for wildlife.
An engineer called Rod Rainey thinks he has a way around both problems. He plans to replace the conventional turbines of previous plans with a much older technology. Specifically, he plans to span(横跨) the river mouth with a line of water wheels. This is a design that dates back to the early days of the Industrial Revolution. Examples can be found fixed to the sides of old watermills(水磨)．
But there would be nothing old?fashioned about Mr Rainey's wheels. Thirty metres high and sixty wide, they would be made from ordinary steel. Two hundred and fifty of them, along with the supporting structures, would be floated into place and secured to the seabed, creating a line 15km long. Together, they could supply power at an average rate of 4GW. That is about as much as two biggish nuclear power stations would manage. Substituting one of the wheels with a set of locks would provide a shipping channel about twice the width of Panama Canal, permitting upstream ports such as Avonmouth and Cardiff to continue operating.
( )24. What is special about the mouth of the River Severn?
A. The tidal range there is about 15 metres.
B. It has the largest tidal range in the world.
C. The tidal power station has been built there.
D. Its power plant makes life harder for wildlife.
( )25. What was people's initial attitude towards tidal power?
A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Controversial. D. Doubtful.
( )26. What are the locks used for?
A. Support. B. Transportation.
C. Securing wheels. D. Producing electricity.
( )27. What's the best title for the text?
A. Rainey invented turbines B. Rainey's tidal power station
C. Tidal power in the River Severn D. An old idea might be made practical
C
At any discussion of a job offer, money or the overall remuneration(报酬) package can be a deal breaker. Negotiating an attractive deal, however, can be hard for many job candidates because they lack the necessary give?and?take skills or simply because they are too concerned that pushing for a good package can cost them the job.
These factors, and many more, certainly can be hurdles(障碍), but it doesn't mean that you give up trying to get the best deal you can get with the opportunity that is almost in your hands. Needless to say, if money isn't a big factor in your decision, you still need to make sure that the deal you're accepting is fair compared to what's offered in the market. Selling__yourself__short once can impact on your future salaries and set you back financially.
Here are common mistakes that many job seekers commit in negotiating money and other perks(津贴)．
Negotiate too early. Timing is of the essence in any negotiation, and negotiating a salary too early in the process can cost you dearly. Many employers, in fact, rank this as one of the biggest mistakes job candidates often make. The timing to begin a salary discussion is after you and your future employer are nearly sure that you've been selected for the position. This gives you an edge—as a selected candidate—to negotiate from a point of strength. However, be mindful of how far this money discussion is from the final decision.
Abandon professionalism. It is common that people, after going through a pretty long recruitment process, can be shocked that the salary offered is significantly below their expectations. If you find yourself in this situation, don't just abandon your professional attitude and lose your temper. This will likely get you nowhere except out the door.
There are two options for this situation: the first is that the employer is inflexible on the budget, and in this case, you may just leave it there and make a graceful exit from the hiring process. The second option is that there is some negotiation room for the hiring manager with other decision makers in the organisation. If this is the case, you may be surprised that a final push with a positive attitude and a well?delivered presentation about your skills and market price can get you closer to your expected package. Still, if this is not acceptable, you don't have to take it.
( )28. What might negotiating money mean to most job seekers in Paragraph 1?
A. The key to landing a job.
B. The chance to get promoted.
C. The demand for being a leader.
D. The reason for high unemployment rate.
( )29. What does the underlined part “Selling yourself short” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Caring about wages only. B. Accepting a low?paid job.
C. Refusing other good job offers. D. Ignoring vital career planning.
( )30. What does the author advise job seekers to do when they negotiate salaries?
A. Put forwards their doubts directly.
B. Lower their expectations properly.
C. Insist on their requirements firmly.
D. Choose the best timing of negotiation.
( )31. What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To help people apply for jobs more effectively.
B. To help employers find outstanding employees.
C. To help job seekers handle salary negotiation correctly.
D. To help workers avoid some common mistakes in their work.
D
Exposing living tissue to subfreezing temperatures for long can cause permanent damage. Microscopic ice crystals(结晶体) cut cells and seize moisture(潮气), making donor organs unsuitable for transplantation. Thus, organs can be made cold for only a few hours ahead of a procedure. But a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds(化合物)—similar to those found in particularly hardy(耐寒的) animals—could lengthen organs' shelf life.
Scientists at the University of Warwick in England were inspired by proteins in some species of Arctic fish, wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezing, allowing them to flourish in extreme cold. Previous research had shown these natural antifreeze molecules(分子) could preserve rat hearts at －1.3 degrees Celsius for up to 24 hours. But these proteins are expensive to extract(提取) and highly poisonous to some species. “For a long time everyone assumed you had to make synthetic(人造的) alternatives that looked exactly like antifreeze proteins to solve this problem，” says Matthew Gibson, a chemist at Warwick who co?authored the new research. “But we found that you can design new molecules that function like antifreeze proteins but do not necessarily look like them.”
Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water. Scientists do not know exactly how this process prevents ice crystal formation, but Gibson thinks it might throw water molecules into push?pull chaos that prevents them from turning into ice. To copy this mechanism, he and his colleagues synthesised spiral?shaped molecules that were mostly water?repellent—but had iron atoms at their centres that made them hydrophilic, or water?loving. The resulting compounds were surprisingly effective at stopping ice crystals from forming. Some were also harmless to the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, indicating they might be safe for other animals.
“These compounds are really cool because they are not proteins—they are other types of molecules that nonetheless can do at least part of what natural antifreeze proteins do，” says Clara do Amaral, a biologist at Mount St. Joseph University, who was not involved in the research. Gibson's antifreeze compounds will still need to be tested in humans, however, and may be only part of a solution. “We don't have the whole picture yet，” do Amaral adds. “It's not just one magical compound that helps freeze?tolerant organisms survive. It's a whole suite of adaptations.”
( )32. What will happen if organs are kept for a long time in temperatures below zero?
A. They will have ice crystal formation inside.
B. They will not suffer permanent damage.
C. They will have longer shelf life.
D. They will be fit for transplantation.
( )33. What can we learn about natural antifreeze proteins?
A. They look like Gibson's antifreeze compounds.
B. They are composed of antifreeze molecules harmless to other species.
C. They are spiral?shaped and have iron atoms at their centres.
D. They can be found in organisms living in freezing cold weather.
( )34. How are antifreeze molecules prevented from ice crystals?
A. By creating compounds both water?repellent and water?loving.
B. By extracting the proteins from some hardy animals.
C. By making synthetic alternatives like antifreeze proteins.
D. By copying spiral?shaped molecules mostly water?resistant.
( )35. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Push?pull chaos might prevent water molecules from turning into ice.
B. The final solution to preserving donor organs has been found recently.
C. Chemicals inspired by Arctic animals could lengthen organs' shelf life.
D. Gibson's antifreeze compounds can do what natural antifreeze proteins do.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Politeness is the practical application of good manners, the goal of which is to make all of the parties relaxed and comfortable. It's a flexible management of words and actions, by which we make other people have a better opinion of us and themselves. It seeks to build a positive relationship. __36__．
However, in the rush of daily life being polite is social behaviour that we find rare nowadays. __37__. They don't even take the time to look around. This has led to the loss of simple social rules some might take for granted and that are particularly powerful.
__38__， people become less and less attentive to others' feelings, for human interaction(互动) is almost lost. Take for instance the rudeness we tolerate when a person is looking at his phone when talking to us.
Being polite is not just a simple social elegance. __39__. These days “Please” and “Thank You” are forgotten. And not many people are aware that these two simple words can easily open or close any door to us. Unfortunately, they often forget to say these words.
Hope is not lost. There are many ways we can improve our behaviour to achieve skills in politeness. There are simple things we can do to be considered as a polite and well?mannered person. __40__， they will respect you back. Just make a change in our behaviour to start. Use simple words like “Excuse me”， “Please”， and “Thank you” every day. Be kind to receive kindness. Care and politeness will get you far in all aspects of life.
A. As technology progresses
B. People have become more self?absorbed
C. As long as you show your politeness for people
D. Since for many people being polite remains a challenge
E. Many languages have specific means to show politeness
F. It aims to respect a person's need to be liked and understood
G. It's also about being kind, caring and respectful to another person
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I'm a US?born citizen and have been married to my wonderful husband for over 4 years. He entered the __41__ illegally over 7 years ago. He had come legally with a visa(签证) other times before with his parents. As he became older he made __42__ decisions that forced him to leave his country without telling his family. He now deeply regrets that __43__ because he is living in fear of deportation(驱逐) every day. We have two children together. My daughter, 10, is from another __44__ but in every way that counts, he is her “Dad”. Our son is 3 and loves his father. My husband is very __45__ and full of ambition but sadly he cannot continue his education here. We have great jobs and are very happy __46__ here. Recently a friend was pulled over for __47__ with an expired(过期的) license. He is also an illegal alien and has a(n) __48__ son to care for, so he does not have a lot of options. His country does not have programmes for blind children.
We have spoken to three different __49__ and paid thousands of dollars only to find out that we don't have many options. The __50__ thing we can do to obtain residency for my husband is to return to his country and apply there, and hope that he doesn't have to __51__ ten years to return. This is not an option because he is our provider! I lie awake at night __52__ this. I'm worried that because our friend was living with us, so __53__ the immigration(移民) office finds out our friend is illegal they may come to __54__ my home and find out my husband is illegal. This is no way to live! I cannot be __55__ from my husband for ten years, and his country is too dangerous for us to live there. I pray that one day soon there will be a change in immigration laws that allows families to stay together.
( )41. A. college B. country C. organisation D. contest
( )42. A. wise B. correct C. bad D. slow
( )43. A. decision B. process C. purpose D. accident
( )44. A. school B. relationship C. world D. station
( )45. A. tall B. rich C. intelligent D. strict
( )46. A. living B. standing C. studying D. travelling
( )47. A. riding B. speaking C. swimming D. driving
( )48. A. blind B. ugly C. poor D. small
( )49. A. scientists B. journalists C. professors D. lawyers
( )50. A. only B. different C. unusual D. good
( )51. A. climb B. learn C. practise D. wait
( )52. A. dealing with B. staring at C. thinking about D. looking for
( )53. A. because B. once C. although D. before
( )54. A. remove B. destroy C. search D. manage
( )55. A. carried B. pushed C. attracted D. separated
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dujiangyan was built over 2，200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China. It is __56__ oldest man?made water system in the world. This amazing engineering achievement is still used today to irrigate over 6，000 square kilometres of farmland, take away floodwater and provide water for fifty __57__(city) in the province.
In ancient times, the region in __58__ Dujiangyan now stands suffered from regular floods __59__(cause) by the overflow from the Minjiang River. Li Bing, the governor of the region, together with his son, decided to find a way to solve the problem.
The simplest way was to build a dam, __60__ this would ruin the Minjiang River. So Li designed a series of channels that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing __61__(free). Better still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making it __62__(suit) for farming.
Once the system was finished, no more floods occurred and people were able to live peacefully. Today, Dujiangyan __63__(admire) by scientists from around the world because of one feature. __64__(like) modern dams where the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, making it possible for ecosystem and fish populations __65__(exist) in harmony.
56. __________ 57. __________ 58. __________ 59. __________ 60. __________
61. __________ 62. __________ 63. __________ 64. __________ 65. __________
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你班外教Ms King任教期满即将回国。作为班长，你将代表班级在告别会上发言致谢，并赠送纪念品。内容包括：
1. 感激之情；2. 礼物寓意；3. 美好祝愿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I'd just returned from the local hospital where I'd held my first grandchild in my arms for the first time. What a beautiful child! She was named after her grandmother, Betsy. How I wished that my wife were here to see the healthy baby of Grace, our only daughter.
I knew what Betsy would have wanted and expected me to do on this grand occasion of the birth of our granddaughter, so I headed for her favourite department store to select a gift for our daughter.
Shopping here would cause me to feel that Betsy was still with me and could share the joy of the birth of her first granddaughter.
There was a clerk, an attractive middle?aged woman with her name tag “JOY”. Her fingers lingered over a pair of diamond earrings. “How about these？” she said to an elderly man. He held them up. “Oh yes, these are very pretty，” he said. He then turned to me, “What do you think? Would these be a good anniversary gift for my wife？”
“They'll be a wonderful anniversary gift，” I said, and I wondered how many years he and his wife had been married. I thought of all the years Betsy and I had shared. “When your wife wears them, they'll remind her of your love.”
“That's precisely what I want them to do，” he said, smiling.
Joy asked, “What anniversary will this be？”The old man's eyes sparkled as he answered, “You'll never guess.” Joy then said, “Well, diamonds are traditionally given for the sixtieth anniversary.”
“You're wrong，” he said. “It's our first anniversary！”Joy looked as surprised as I felt, as the man said, “I still can't believe my good fortune the second time around, finding someone as wonderful as my wife Helen.”
“Congratulations，” Joy said. “Your wife is lucky to have such a generous husband. The first anniversary is supposed to be a paper gift.”
“Do you think I should—or even could—ask Helen to wait 59 years for her diamonds？”
Joy's eyes opened wide, “Oh, I didn't mean—”
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
The old man said to Joy, “I hope you young people will remember to live each day with meaning.”
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
While she wrapped them, I took a deep breath and asked Joy, “Do you have dinner plans？”
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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徐州市第一中学2021届高三“五一”假期作业（一）
英语试题参考答案与解析
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分；共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
1～5 ABCCB 6～10 BAACC 11～15 BCACA 16～20 BCBBA
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
21～23 ACD 24～27 AABD 28～31 ABDC 32～35 ADAC
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国纽约四个值得一游的著名景点。
21. A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“It might seem impossible to see the highlights of NYC in just 15 minutes. But this helicopter tour makes it a reality.(似乎不可能在15分钟内看到纽约的精华之处。但这次直升机之旅使它成为现实。)”可知，Big Apple Helicopter Tour可以在十五分钟之内浏览到纽约最精彩的地方。故选A。
22. C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Children aged 5 years and younger are welcome at no charge.”可知，在下东区美食之旅中，五岁及以下的儿童免费。故选C。
23. D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Jump the queue and enjoy access to reserve line boarding the ferry.”可知，在自由女神像和埃利斯岛之旅中，乘客可以不用排队并享受到预约服务登上渡轮。故选D。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。潮汐能发电站虽然计划已久，但由于成本及环境影响的考虑，很长时间以来都没有得以实现。而名叫Rod Rainey的工程师最近想到了解决问题的办法，虽然用的是过去的科技，但在轮机上做了很大改进，这样在保证海洋生物和环境安全的同时也可大量发电。
24. A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Its tidal range, the difference in depth between high and low tides, of around 15 metres is among the largest in the world.(它的潮汐差，即最低和最高潮汐的深度差，大约是15米，是世界上最大的潮汐之一。)”可知，the mouth of the River Severn最大的特点就是潮汐差很大。故选A项。
25. A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“Engineers and governments have been toying with the idea since at least 1925.”和最后一句“Environmentalists also worry that any plant would change the tides, making life harder for wildlife.”可知，工程师对潮汐电站的想法漫不经心，环境主义者担心它会给海洋生物带来危险，所以最初人们对建潮汐发电站都是不支持的。故选A项。
26. B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句中的“a set of locks would provide a shipping channel about twice the width of Panama Canal, permitting upstream ports such as Avonmouth and Cardiff to continue operating”可知，locks的主要作用是提供一条比巴拿马运河宽一倍的水上运输渠道，保证上游的港口能够正常运行。故选B项。
27. D 解析：主旨大意题。联系全文可知，文章主要讲Rod Rainey用古老的方法代替传统的轮机进行潮汐发电，打破River Severn不适宜潮汐发电的旧思想。故选D项。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者主要就求职者如何进行薪资商定提出了一些看法和建议。
28. A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“At any discussion of a job offer, money or the overall remuneration package can be a deal breaker.”可知，在任何一个工作机会的讨论中，钱或者整体的报酬福利条件可能都会成为一个协议的破坏者，即商讨报酬是成功得到一份工作的关键。故选A。
29. B 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文的“if money isn't a big factor in your decision, you still need to make sure that the deal you're accepting is fair compared to what's offered in the market”和下文的“once can impact on your future salaries and set you back financially”可知，如果钱不是一个对你做决定影响大的因素，你也要确保你将要接受的待遇相对市场水平而言是公平合理的，轻视自己会影响你未来的薪资水平并使你在经济上落后。由此可知，画线部分在该语境中指的是“接受低薪的工作”。sell sb/yourself short意为“低估，轻视，小瞧(某人或自己)”。
30. D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Timing is of the essence in any negotiation ... The timing to begin a salary discussion is after you and your future employer are nearly sure that you've been selected for the position.”可知，作者建议求职者要选择合适的薪资商定时间。故选D。
31. C 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者主要就商定薪资问题向求职者提供了自己的看法及建议，故作者写作本文的目的是帮助求职者正确地处理薪资商定问题。故选C。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过在北极的一些动物身上发现的一种天然防冻物质而获得灵感，从而想办法制造出防冻化合物。
32. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Microscopic ice crystals(结晶体) cut cells and seize moisture... unsuitable for transplantation.”可知，器官内会形成冰晶，且不再适合移植。
33. D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“proteins in some species of Arctic fish, wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezing, allowing them to flourish in extreme cold(北极鱼、树蛙和其他生物体中防止血液结冰的蛋白质，使它们能在极度寒冷中成长并繁衍)”可知，这种天然的防冻蛋白可以在生活在严寒气候中的一些生物身上找到。
34. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water.(大多数天然抗冻分子都有吸引或防水的区域。)”可知，防冻分子只有形成吸水或者防水的化合物才能防止器官上形成冰晶。
35. C 解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句“But a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds—similar to those found in particularly hardy animals—could lengthen organs' shelf life.”是承上启下的过渡句。上文说器官容易晶化，但是一种类似于从耐寒的动物身上发现的天然防冻物质的化合物有助于延长器官的生命。文章的主体内容就是介绍这种化合物的制造灵感和过程。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
36～40 FBAGC
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。礼貌是良好礼仪的表现，但是随着生活节奏的加快，人们对礼貌似乎有所忘却，也能够容忍不礼貌的行为。礼貌用语虽小，但能够在很多方面影响我们的生活。
36. F 解析：该空上句提到，礼仪试图建立积极的人际关系。F项与上句承接自然，且两句在句式结构上相同。故选F项。
37. B 解析：该空下句提到，人们甚至不愿意花时间观察周围事物。B项与下句联系紧密，不愿花时间看周围是人们以自我为中心的一种表现形式。故选B项。
38. A 解析：该空下句提到，人们变得越来越不关心他人的感受。A项在语境上和下句联系紧密。且越来越不关心和随着科学发展都表现出动作的渐变，在逻辑上也能很好的衔接。故选A项。
39. G 解析：该空上句提到，礼貌不仅仅是一个简单的社会礼仪。G项的意思和上句是递进关系，尤其通过上句的not just 和本句的 also可以看出两句联系紧密。故选G项。
40. C 解析：该空下句提到，他们也会尊重你。C项和下句构成条件状语从句，且该主从句的意义符合逻辑关系和文意。故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
41～45 BCABC 46～50 ADADA 51～55 DCBCD
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的丈夫是一位在美国的非法移民，尽管一家人生活比较富足，但是她却整天处于丈夫可能会被遣送回国的担忧之中。
41. B 解析：由上句中的“I'm a US?born citizen”和下文中的“leave his country”可知，作者是一个在美国出生的公民，而她的丈夫却是七年前偷渡到美国的。
42. C 解析：从下句中的“deeply regrets”可知，后来，作者的丈夫作出了一个荒唐的决定，偷偷离开了自己的国家来到美国，当时连他的父母都没有告知。
43. A 解析：上句中的“As he became older he made __42__ decisions”有提示，现在，作者的丈夫整天担心自己被驱逐，所以他非常后悔当初那个鲁莽的决定。
44. B 解析：根据本空后的描述“...but in every way that counts, he is her ‘Dad’”可推断出，10岁大的女儿是作者与前夫的孩子，所以这里表示她本属于另一个亲属关系。
45. C 解析：与本空后的“ambition”由and连接构成并列关系，所以可推知，作者的丈夫应该是非常有才能的，抱负很大，但是，让人叹息的是，他无法在美国继续接受教育。
46. A 解析：从本空前的“great jobs”可知，他们两个人的工作都不错，在美国生活得很幸福。
47. D 解析：根据本空后的“expired license”推断，作者的朋友因为持过期驾照开车惹上了麻烦。
48. A 解析：下句中的“for blind children”有提示，他也是一位非法移民，并且有一个失明的孩子需要照顾。
49. D 解析：从后文的“my husband is illegal”可知，因为想帮助丈夫申请合法的移民手续，他们向三位不同的律师寻求专业帮助。
50. A 解析：由上句的描述可知，他们别无选择，丈夫唯一能申请到合法移民的办法就是回到他的国家，然后在那儿申请。
51. D 解析：联系空前的“doesn't have to”以及空后的“ten years”可知，这样的话要想回到美国，他还得再等十年。
52. C 解析：与本空前的“lie awake”构成伴随，作者彻夜难眠，一直在考虑这件事该怎么办。
53. B 解析：分析整句可知，“the immigration(移民) office finds out our friend is illegal”为条件。一旦移民局的人发现他们的朋友是非法移民，他们的家也许会被搜查。
54. C 解析：联系空后的“find out my husband is illegal”可知，他们会搜查“我”的家。
55. D 解析：如果作者的丈夫被遣送回国的话，他们就会被强行分开十年之久。be separated from“与……分离”。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四川省著名的水利工程——都江堰。都江堰始建于古代，主要目的是保护下游免受水患。
56. the 解析：考查冠词。由空格后的形容词最高级oldest判断出此处应该用定冠词the。故填the。
57. cities 解析：考查名词的数。根据空格前的fifty可判断出此处用city的复数形式。故填cities。
58. which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：在古代，都江堰现在所处的地方常常会遭受从岷江溢出的洪水侵袭。分析句子结构可知此处是定语从句，先行词是the region，指物，关系词在句中充当in的宾语，介词之后不能用关系词that，故用关系代词which。故填which。
59. caused 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，此处应该用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语floods和cause是被动关系，故用过去分词。故填caused。
60. but 解析：考查连词。句意：最简单的方式是修建大坝，但这样会毁掉岷江。分析句子结构可知此处应填连词；根据句意可知，前后部分是转折意义，故用并列连词but。故填but。
61. freely 解析：考查副词。句中的flowing是现在分词，应该用副词修饰，free的副词形式是freely。故填freely。
62. suitable/suited 解析：考查固定句型。句意：更妙的是，多余的水可以被引入干燥的成都平原，使得这个平原适宜耕种。根据固定句型make sth/sb＋宾语补足语(名词、形容词、分词、介词短语)可知此处应该用suit的形容词形式suitable/suited。故填suitable/suited。
63. is admired 解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此句缺少谓语动词，主语Dujiangyan和admire之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，由Today判断时态为一般现在时，主语是三单形式。故填is admired。
64. Unlike 解析：考查介词。句意：不像现在那些由距墙隔断水流的大坝，都江堰的水可以自然而然地流过岷江。根据句意判断，此处应该用介词like的否定形式是unlike。故填Unlike。
65. to exist 解析：考查固定句型。根据固定句型：make it ＋ adj. ＋for sb/sth to do “使得做某事对于某人来说是……的”，可知此处应该用不定式形式。故填to exist。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
One possible version：
Hi, everybody，
On this special occasion, I feel much honoured to represent the class to express our sincere gratitude to Ms King for her excellent work.
Thanks to Ms King's generous help as well as her great devotion and efforts, we've become more interested and done better in our English, which will be of great importance to our further study. Ms King, here's a pen container, a souvenir that we've specially prepared for you. Hopefully you'll like it. This pen container is made of bamboo, which is evergreen and hollow inside so that in Chinese culture it's a symbol of being young and modest. What makes it special is that we've all signed on it, making it a good reminder of the happy time we spent together. Now, I'd also like to wish you a pleasant journey home and always young and happy!
Thank you very much!
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
The old man said to Joy, “I hope you young people will remember to live each day with meaning.” And he continued, “Please don't ever put anything off until later.” We watched him walk proudly out of the store. Then Joy turned to me, “Now, how can I help you？” I explained the situation and the occasion and told her that I also wanted a similar pair of diamond earrings for my daughter because I knew that Betsy would have loved them too. “I don't have another pair like that. How about some pearl earrings instead？” To my puzzled look she said, “Pearls bring people good fortune，” and she held out a beautiful pair of earrings set with glittering pearls.
Paragraph 2：
While she wrapped them, I took a deep breath and asked Joy, “Do you have dinner plans？” I explained that I'd like to wait a bit before I went back to the hospital—gave Grace and her husband some time alone with baby. “Would you be interested in joining me in a bite to eat？” I asked. “I'd love to，” she replied, her eyes sparkling like diamonds. And, this was the beginning of the end to my months of heartbreak following Betsy's death.
听力材料
Text 1
W: Could you turn the TV down? I'm trying to study, and the noise is bothering me.
M: I'm sorry. I'll watch this movie later.
Text 2
W: When I'm 65 I will get Social Security payments from the government.
M: That means you have twenty years to go and then you can quit your job.
Text 3
W: The T?shirt from Grandma looks nice on me. But the skirt she gave me isn't big enough.
M: What about the hat Grandma gave you?
W: It's quite large, but I like it.
Text 4
W: How did you like the film?
M: Well，I walked out after half an hour. I've never seen such bad acting. I think I'm going to read film reviews online before going to the cinema next time, so I won't waste my money.
Text 5
M: Excuse me, I'm looking for something for a stomachache.
W: I see, sir. How long have you had this problem?
M: For a few days.
W: You could try this medicine. It may help. But I think you should see a doctor.
Text 6
W: Where in Canada are you from, Ken?
M: I'm from Toronto.
W: Oh，I've never been there. What's it like?
M: It's a big city, but it's not too big. The nightlife is colourful. I enjoy it.
W: Is it expensive there?
M: Yeah, a little bit.
W: And what's the weather like in Toronto?
M: Well, it's pretty cold in the winter, and very hot and wet in the summer. It's nice in the spring and fall, though. You can always see the clear sky then.
Text 7
M: Sophia，I've just confirmed our flight online, and it looks like we'll be delayed by an hour. The fight is now scheduled to leave at 4：00 due to the heavy wind.
W: Then we're in trouble. We won't be able to get to Chicago by 6：00 for the dinner with Mr O'Neil.
M: Don't worry. I'll talk to him. I'm going to call him to speak about our report.
W: Don't forget to apologise to him about being late.
Text 8
W: Are you staying by yourself again this summer vacation?
M: No，I'm not. My brother and sister are staying with me right now.
W: Really？What are they doing this summer?
M: Well, my brother is on vacation now. He always wants to come and visit the city.
W: What about your sister?
M: She has a part?time job at the university.
W: And do you have anything special to do?
M: Nothing special. I work as a waiter in the morning. And in the afternoon, I read books bought from a bookstore days ago. What about you, June? Are you in school this summer?
W: Yes, I am.
M: Oh, are you taking French and Spanish again?
W: Well, I'm not taking them, but I'm starting Japanese.
M: Really？That's exciting.
Text 9
M: My history professor says I should think about a job in politics. But I don't think I'd make a good politician.
W: Why not?
M: You know me. I'm not good at dealing with people. And politicians have to work with people all the time.
W: That's true. So what do you think you want to do?
M: I think I will be a good artist. I love painting pictures.
W: That reminds me of a problem I'm having. You know my parents have a restaurant, right? They want me to be the manager.
M: And you want to?
W: No way. A restaurant manager has to manage other people. It'd be terrible. I'm too disorganised. Honestly, I want to be a teacher because I like working with kids, and I'm good at it.
M: That's true.
Text 10
W: Good morning, everyone. Today we're going to look at the wide differences in family life between the rich and the poor in Victorian times. Let's begin with the upper classes. In Victorian times, the upper classes made up less than 3%of the population, yet held more than 90%of the country's wealth. Most of their servants were very poorly paid, but were always living in the homes of upper?class Victorian families, so they didn't have to pay for housing, food and clothing. The money which they did earn, they sent to their families. Many servants came from the countryside. Among them were cooks, cleaners, gardeners and so on. The family would also employ a child's nurse whose main role was to care for the children. She was responsible for teaching the children how to behave and taking care of them when they were ill. Nurses did not, however, educate the children. Generally, children from wealthy families didn't attend school outside the family home. Tutors would come to the house to do this. Now, the Victorian upper classes have the reputation of being quite cruel; but this wasn't always the case. They were also quite generous. Some schools were set up with money from the upper classes so that poor children could have some form of education. Additionally, most Victorian parents were very proud of their children. This goes against the common idea that parents were very strict with their children. In fact, the opposite was generally the rule. However, the situation for lower class families was very different. Let's have a look.
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1. What will the man do next?
A. Switch off the TV. B. Turn down the TV. C. Quit studying.
( )2. At what age might the woman retire?
A. 55 years old. B. 65 years old. C. 60 years old.
( )3. What is small for the woman?
A. The T?shirt. B. The hat. C. The skirt.
( )4. What does the man mean?
A. The film can be seen online.
B. The film is worth the money.
C. He'd rather not have bought the ticket.
( )5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At home. B. At a drug store. C. At a hospital.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
( )6. What does the man like about his hometown?
A. It has low living costs. B. It has varied nightlife. C. The weather is mild.
( )7. What is the weather like in October in the man's hometown?
A. Cloudless. B. Cold. C. Wet.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
( )8. What time was the plane originally scheduled to leave?
A. At 3：00. B. At 4：00. C. At 5：00.
( )9. Why is the woman worried?
A. The weather is bad.
B. The report is not finished.
C. An appointment will be delayed.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
( )10. Why does the man's brother go to the man's place?
A. To study. B. To work. C. To travel.
( )11. Where does the man work in the morning?
A. At a university. B. At a restaurant. C. At a bookstore.
( )12. What language is the woman taking up?
A. French. B. Spanish. C. Japanese.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
( )13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Their future job choices. B. Their next?term courses. C. Their next?term professors.
( )14. What subject does the man probably prefer?
A. History. B. Politics. C. Art.
( )15. What do the woman's parents expect her to be?
A. A restaurant manager. B. A politician. C. A teacher.
( )16. What is the woman good at doing?
A. Dealing with people. B. Working with kids. C. Painting pictures.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
( )17. How did the servants deal with their earnings in Victorian times?
A. They paid for the housing. B. They bought food and clothes.
C. They sent them to their families.
( )18. What was a nurse's main duty?
A. Cooking meals. B. Looking after children. C. Educating children.
( )19. How did the Victorian upper class parents treat their children actually?
A. Cruelly. B. Kindly. C. Strictly.
( )20. What will the speaker talk about next?
A. Lower class families. B. Upper class children's situation.
C. Comparisons between upper and lower classes.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
9/11 Memorial and Ground Zero Walking Tour
In remembrance of the events that took place on September 11, 2001, take this 2.5?hour walking tour. Walk through the space of the former World Trade Center in New York City (NYC). A guide with a personal connection to the events of that day shares stories of tragedy and heroism. Please wear comfortable shoes.
Lower East Side Food and Culture Tour
Take a deep dive into the food culture of Manhattan's Lower East Side during this 3?hour guided small group tour. Follow your guide to hidden treasures for tastes of everything from pancakes to Chinese dumplings. Along the way, your guide will cast light on the neighborhood's rich, varied food culture, which helps you understand NYC as a whole. Children aged 5 years and younger are welcome at no charge. Tour runs rain or shine.
Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Tour
Get up close and personal with Ellis Island and the Statue of Liberty on this 4.5?hour tour. Listen to the live narration from your guide and learn about the history of both spots. Jump the queue and enjoy access to reserve line boarding the ferry. Then take in the amazing views of southern Manhattan as you cross New York Harbor. Food or drinks of any kind are not permitted.
Big Apple Helicopter Tour
It might seem impossible to see the highlights of NYC in just 15 minutes. But this helicopter tour makes it a reality. Listen to commentary from your pilot as you fly by the Statue of Liberty, Central Park and other landmarks. You'll see more of the city on this tour than an entire day of exploring on foot. Reservations are required.
( )21. Which tour is perfect for those expecting a quick look of NYC?
A. Big Apple Helicopter Tour.
B. Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Tour.
C. Lower East Side Food and Culture Tour.
D. 9/11 Memorial and Ground Zero Walking Tour.
( )22. What do we know about Lower East Side Food and Culture Tour?
A. It is a night tour. B. It involves treasure hunting.
C. It is child?friendly. D. It will be canceled if it rains.
( )23. What can tourists do on Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Tour?
A. Share their first hand stories. B. Take some water with them.
C. Have a bird?view of southern Manhattan. D. Enjoy special right to board the ferry.
B
Compared with solar and wind energy, which are booming, tidal(潮汐的) power is a loser in the clean?energy competition. But if you did want to build a tidal power station, there are few better sites than the mouth of the River Severn, in Britain. Its tidal range, the difference in depth between high and low tides, of around 15 metres is among the largest in the world.
Engineers and governments have been toying with the idea since at least 1925. But none of the suggested projects has materialised. Price is one objection. A study thought that tidal energy might cost between ￡216 and ￡368 ($306－521) per MWh of electricity by 2025, compared with ￡58－75 for seagoing wind turbines(轮机) and ￡55－76 for solar panels. Environmentalists also worry that any plant would change the tides, making life harder for wildlife.
An engineer called Rod Rainey thinks he has a way around both problems. He plans to replace the conventional turbines of previous plans with a much older technology. Specifically, he plans to span(横跨) the river mouth with a line of water wheels. This is a design that dates back to the early days of the Industrial Revolution. Examples can be found fixed to the sides of old watermills(水磨)．
But there would be nothing old?fashioned about Mr Rainey's wheels. Thirty metres high and sixty wide, they would be made from ordinary steel. Two hundred and fifty of them, along with the supporting structures, would be floated into place and secured to the seabed, creating a line 15km long. Together, they could supply power at an average rate of 4GW. That is about as much as two biggish nuclear power stations would manage. Substituting one of the wheels with a set of locks would provide a shipping channel about twice the width of Panama Canal, permitting upstream ports such as Avonmouth and Cardiff to continue operating.
( )24. What is special about the mouth of the River Severn?
A. The tidal range there is about 15 metres.
B. It has the largest tidal range in the world.
C. The tidal power station has been built there.
D. Its power plant makes life harder for wildlife.
( )25. What was people's initial attitude towards tidal power?
A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Controversial. D. Doubtful.
( )26. What are the locks used for?
A. Support. B. Transportation.
C. Securing wheels. D. Producing electricity.
( )27. What's the best title for the text?
A. Rainey invented turbines B. Rainey's tidal power station
C. Tidal power in the River Severn D. An old idea might be made practical
C
At any discussion of a job offer, money or the overall remuneration(报酬) package can be a deal breaker. Negotiating an attractive deal, however, can be hard for many job candidates because they lack the necessary give?and?take skills or simply because they are too concerned that pushing for a good package can cost them the job.
These factors, and many more, certainly can be hurdles(障碍), but it doesn't mean that you give up trying to get the best deal you can get with the opportunity that is almost in your hands. Needless to say, if money isn't a big factor in your decision, you still need to make sure that the deal you're accepting is fair compared to what's offered in the market. Selling__yourself__short once can impact on your future salaries and set you back financially.
Here are common mistakes that many job seekers commit in negotiating money and other perks(津贴)．
Negotiate too early. Timing is of the essence in any negotiation, and negotiating a salary too early in the process can cost you dearly. Many employers, in fact, rank this as one of the biggest mistakes job candidates often make. The timing to begin a salary discussion is after you and your future employer are nearly sure that you've been selected for the position. This gives you an edge—as a selected candidate—to negotiate from a point of strength. However, be mindful of how far this money discussion is from the final decision.
Abandon professionalism. It is common that people, after going through a pretty long recruitment process, can be shocked that the salary offered is significantly below their expectations. If you find yourself in this situation, don't just abandon your professional attitude and lose your temper. This will likely get you nowhere except out the door.
There are two options for this situation: the first is that the employer is inflexible on the budget, and in this case, you may just leave it there and make a graceful exit from the hiring process. The second option is that there is some negotiation room for the hiring manager with other decision makers in the organisation. If this is the case, you may be surprised that a final push with a positive attitude and a well?delivered presentation about your skills and market price can get you closer to your expected package. Still, if this is not acceptable, you don't have to take it.
( )28. What might negotiating money mean to most job seekers in Paragraph 1?
A. The key to landing a job.
B. The chance to get promoted.
C. The demand for being a leader.
D. The reason for high unemployment rate.
( )29. What does the underlined part “Selling yourself short” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Caring about wages only. B. Accepting a low?paid job.
C. Refusing other good job offers. D. Ignoring vital career planning.
( )30. What does the author advise job seekers to do when they negotiate salaries?
A. Put forwards their doubts directly.
B. Lower their expectations properly.
C. Insist on their requirements firmly.
D. Choose the best timing of negotiation.
( )31. What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To help people apply for jobs more effectively.
B. To help employers find outstanding employees.
C. To help job seekers handle salary negotiation correctly.
D. To help workers avoid some common mistakes in their work.
D
Exposing living tissue to subfreezing temperatures for long can cause permanent damage. Microscopic ice crystals(结晶体) cut cells and seize moisture(潮气), making donor organs unsuitable for transplantation. Thus, organs can be made cold for only a few hours ahead of a procedure. But a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds(化合物)—similar to those found in particularly hardy(耐寒的) animals—could lengthen organs' shelf life.
Scientists at the University of Warwick in England were inspired by proteins in some species of Arctic fish, wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezing, allowing them to flourish in extreme cold. Previous research had shown these natural antifreeze molecules(分子) could preserve rat hearts at －1.3 degrees Celsius for up to 24 hours. But these proteins are expensive to extract(提取) and highly poisonous to some species. “For a long time everyone assumed you had to make synthetic(人造的) alternatives that looked exactly like antifreeze proteins to solve this problem，” says Matthew Gibson, a chemist at Warwick who co?authored the new research. “But we found that you can design new molecules that function like antifreeze proteins but do not necessarily look like them.”
Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water. Scientists do not know exactly how this process prevents ice crystal formation, but Gibson thinks it might throw water molecules into push?pull chaos that prevents them from turning into ice. To copy this mechanism, he and his colleagues synthesised spiral?shaped molecules that were mostly water?repellent—but had iron atoms at their centres that made them hydrophilic, or water?loving. The resulting compounds were surprisingly effective at stopping ice crystals from forming. Some were also harmless to the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, indicating they might be safe for other animals.
“These compounds are really cool because they are not proteins—they are other types of molecules that nonetheless can do at least part of what natural antifreeze proteins do，” says Clara do Amaral, a biologist at Mount St. Joseph University, who was not involved in the research. Gibson's antifreeze compounds will still need to be tested in humans, however, and may be only part of a solution. “We don't have the whole picture yet，” do Amaral adds. “It's not just one magical compound that helps freeze?tolerant organisms survive. It's a whole suite of adaptations.”
( )32. What will happen if organs are kept for a long time in temperatures below zero?
A. They will have ice crystal formation inside.
B. They will not suffer permanent damage.
C. They will have longer shelf life.
D. They will be fit for transplantation.
( )33. What can we learn about natural antifreeze proteins?
A. They look like Gibson's antifreeze compounds.
B. They are composed of antifreeze molecules harmless to other species.
C. They are spiral?shaped and have iron atoms at their centres.
D. They can be found in organisms living in freezing cold weather.
( )34. How are antifreeze molecules prevented from ice crystals?
A. By creating compounds both water?repellent and water?loving.
B. By extracting the proteins from some hardy animals.
C. By making synthetic alternatives like antifreeze proteins.
D. By copying spiral?shaped molecules mostly water?resistant.
( )35. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Push?pull chaos might prevent water molecules from turning into ice.
B. The final solution to preserving donor organs has been found recently.
C. Chemicals inspired by Arctic animals could lengthen organs' shelf life.
D. Gibson's antifreeze compounds can do what natural antifreeze proteins do.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Politeness is the practical application of good manners, the goal of which is to make all of the parties relaxed and comfortable. It's a flexible management of words and actions, by which we make other people have a better opinion of us and themselves. It seeks to build a positive relationship. __36__．
However, in the rush of daily life being polite is social behaviour that we find rare nowadays. __37__. They don't even take the time to look around. This has led to the loss of simple social rules some might take for granted and that are particularly powerful.
__38__， people become less and less attentive to others' feelings, for human interaction(互动) is almost lost. Take for instance the rudeness we tolerate when a person is looking at his phone when talking to us.
Being polite is not just a simple social elegance. __39__. These days “Please” and “Thank You” are forgotten. And not many people are aware that these two simple words can easily open or close any door to us. Unfortunately, they often forget to say these words.
Hope is not lost. There are many ways we can improve our behaviour to achieve skills in politeness. There are simple things we can do to be considered as a polite and well?mannered person. __40__， they will respect you back. Just make a change in our behaviour to start. Use simple words like “Excuse me”， “Please”， and “Thank you” every day. Be kind to receive kindness. Care and politeness will get you far in all aspects of life.
A. As technology progresses
B. People have become more self?absorbed
C. As long as you show your politeness for people
D. Since for many people being polite remains a challenge
E. Many languages have specific means to show politeness
F. It aims to respect a person's need to be liked and understood
G. It's also about being kind, caring and respectful to another person
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I'm a US?born citizen and have been married to my wonderful husband for over 4 years. He entered the __41__ illegally over 7 years ago. He had come legally with a visa(签证) other times before with his parents. As he became older he made __42__ decisions that forced him to leave his country without telling his family. He now deeply regrets that __43__ because he is living in fear of deportation(驱逐) every day. We have two children together. My daughter, 10, is from another __44__ but in every way that counts, he is her “Dad”. Our son is 3 and loves his father. My husband is very __45__ and full of ambition but sadly he cannot continue his education here. We have great jobs and are very happy __46__ here. Recently a friend was pulled over for __47__ with an expired(过期的) license. He is also an illegal alien and has a(n) __48__ son to care for, so he does not have a lot of options. His country does not have programmes for blind children.
We have spoken to three different __49__ and paid thousands of dollars only to find out that we don't have many options. The __50__ thing we can do to obtain residency for my husband is to return to his country and apply there, and hope that he doesn't have to __51__ ten years to return. This is not an option because he is our provider! I lie awake at night __52__ this. I'm worried that because our friend was living with us, so __53__ the immigration(移民) office finds out our friend is illegal they may come to __54__ my home and find out my husband is illegal. This is no way to live! I cannot be __55__ from my husband for ten years, and his country is too dangerous for us to live there. I pray that one day soon there will be a change in immigration laws that allows families to stay together.
( )41. A. college B. country C. organisation D. contest
( )42. A. wise B. correct C. bad D. slow
( )43. A. decision B. process C. purpose D. accident
( )44. A. school B. relationship C. world D. station
( )45. A. tall B. rich C. intelligent D. strict
( )46. A. living B. standing C. studying D. travelling
( )47. A. riding B. speaking C. swimming D. driving
( )48. A. blind B. ugly C. poor D. small
( )49. A. scientists B. journalists C. professors D. lawyers
( )50. A. only B. different C. unusual D. good
( )51. A. climb B. learn C. practise D. wait
( )52. A. dealing with B. staring at C. thinking about D. looking for
( )53. A. because B. once C. although D. before
( )54. A. remove B. destroy C. search D. manage
( )55. A. carried B. pushed C. attracted D. separated
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dujiangyan was built over 2，200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China. It is __56__ oldest man?made water system in the world. This amazing engineering achievement is still used today to irrigate over 6，000 square kilometres of farmland, take away floodwater and provide water for fifty __57__(city) in the province.
In ancient times, the region in __58__ Dujiangyan now stands suffered from regular floods __59__(cause) by the overflow from the Minjiang River. Li Bing, the governor of the region, together with his son, decided to find a way to solve the problem.
The simplest way was to build a dam, __60__ this would ruin the Minjiang River. So Li designed a series of channels that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing __61__(free). Better still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making it __62__(suit) for farming.
Once the system was finished, no more floods occurred and people were able to live peacefully. Today, Dujiangyan __63__(admire) by scientists from around the world because of one feature. __64__(like) modern dams where the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, making it possible for ecosystem and fish populations __65__(exist) in harmony.
56. __________ 57. __________ 58. __________ 59. __________ 60. __________
61. __________ 62. __________ 63. __________ 64. __________ 65. __________
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你班外教Ms King任教期满即将回国。作为班长，你将代表班级在告别会上发言致谢，并赠送纪念品。内容包括：
1. 感激之情；2. 礼物寓意；3. 美好祝愿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I'd just returned from the local hospital where I'd held my first grandchild in my arms for the first time. What a beautiful child! She was named after her grandmother, Betsy. How I wished that my wife were here to see the healthy baby of Grace, our only daughter.
I knew what Betsy would have wanted and expected me to do on this grand occasion of the birth of our granddaughter, so I headed for her favourite department store to select a gift for our daughter.
Shopping here would cause me to feel that Betsy was still with me and could share the joy of the birth of her first granddaughter.
There was a clerk, an attractive middle?aged woman with her name tag “JOY”. Her fingers lingered over a pair of diamond earrings. “How about these？” she said to an elderly man. He held them up. “Oh yes, these are very pretty，” he said. He then turned to me, “What do you think? Would these be a good anniversary gift for my wife？”
“They'll be a wonderful anniversary gift，” I said, and I wondered how many years he and his wife had been married. I thought of all the years Betsy and I had shared. “When your wife wears them, they'll remind her of your love.”
“That's precisely what I want them to do，” he said, smiling.
Joy asked, “What anniversary will this be？”The old man's eyes sparkled as he answered, “You'll never guess.” Joy then said, “Well, diamonds are traditionally given for the sixtieth anniversary.”
“You're wrong，” he said. “It's our first anniversary！”Joy looked as surprised as I felt, as the man said, “I still can't believe my good fortune the second time around, finding someone as wonderful as my wife Helen.”
“Congratulations，” Joy said. “Your wife is lucky to have such a generous husband. The first anniversary is supposed to be a paper gift.”
“Do you think I should—or even could—ask Helen to wait 59 years for her diamonds？”
Joy's eyes opened wide, “Oh, I didn't mean—”
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
The old man said to Joy, “I hope you young people will remember to live each day with meaning.”
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Paragraph 2：
While she wrapped them, I took a deep breath and asked Joy, “Do you have dinner plans？”
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徐州市第一中学2021届高三“五一”假期作业（一）
英语试题参考答案与解析
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分；共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
1～5 ABCCB 6～10 BAACC 11～15 BCACA 16～20 BCBBA
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
21～23 ACD 24～27 AABD 28～31 ABDC 32～35 ADAC
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国纽约四个值得一游的著名景点。
21. A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“It might seem impossible to see the highlights of NYC in just 15 minutes. But this helicopter tour makes it a reality.(似乎不可能在15分钟内看到纽约的精华之处。但这次直升机之旅使它成为现实。)”可知，Big Apple Helicopter Tour可以在十五分钟之内浏览到纽约最精彩的地方。故选A。
22. C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Children aged 5 years and younger are welcome at no charge.”可知，在下东区美食之旅中，五岁及以下的儿童免费。故选C。
23. D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Jump the queue and enjoy access to reserve line boarding the ferry.”可知，在自由女神像和埃利斯岛之旅中，乘客可以不用排队并享受到预约服务登上渡轮。故选D。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。潮汐能发电站虽然计划已久，但由于成本及环境影响的考虑，很长时间以来都没有得以实现。而名叫Rod Rainey的工程师最近想到了解决问题的办法，虽然用的是过去的科技，但在轮机上做了很大改进，这样在保证海洋生物和环境安全的同时也可大量发电。
24. A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Its tidal range, the difference in depth between high and low tides, of around 15 metres is among the largest in the world.(它的潮汐差，即最低和最高潮汐的深度差，大约是15米，是世界上最大的潮汐之一。)”可知，the mouth of the River Severn最大的特点就是潮汐差很大。故选A项。
25. A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“Engineers and governments have been toying with the idea since at least 1925.”和最后一句“Environmentalists also worry that any plant would change the tides, making life harder for wildlife.”可知，工程师对潮汐电站的想法漫不经心，环境主义者担心它会给海洋生物带来危险，所以最初人们对建潮汐发电站都是不支持的。故选A项。
26. B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句中的“a set of locks would provide a shipping channel about twice the width of Panama Canal, permitting upstream ports such as Avonmouth and Cardiff to continue operating”可知，locks的主要作用是提供一条比巴拿马运河宽一倍的水上运输渠道，保证上游的港口能够正常运行。故选B项。
27. D 解析：主旨大意题。联系全文可知，文章主要讲Rod Rainey用古老的方法代替传统的轮机进行潮汐发电，打破River Severn不适宜潮汐发电的旧思想。故选D项。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者主要就求职者如何进行薪资商定提出了一些看法和建议。
28. A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“At any discussion of a job offer, money or the overall remuneration package can be a deal breaker.”可知，在任何一个工作机会的讨论中，钱或者整体的报酬福利条件可能都会成为一个协议的破坏者，即商讨报酬是成功得到一份工作的关键。故选A。
29. B 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文的“if money isn't a big factor in your decision, you still need to make sure that the deal you're accepting is fair compared to what's offered in the market”和下文的“once can impact on your future salaries and set you back financially”可知，如果钱不是一个对你做决定影响大的因素，你也要确保你将要接受的待遇相对市场水平而言是公平合理的，轻视自己会影响你未来的薪资水平并使你在经济上落后。由此可知，画线部分在该语境中指的是“接受低薪的工作”。sell sb/yourself short意为“低估，轻视，小瞧(某人或自己)”。
30. D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Timing is of the essence in any negotiation ... The timing to begin a salary discussion is after you and your future employer are nearly sure that you've been selected for the position.”可知，作者建议求职者要选择合适的薪资商定时间。故选D。
31. C 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者主要就商定薪资问题向求职者提供了自己的看法及建议，故作者写作本文的目的是帮助求职者正确地处理薪资商定问题。故选C。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过在北极的一些动物身上发现的一种天然防冻物质而获得灵感，从而想办法制造出防冻化合物。
32. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Microscopic ice crystals(结晶体) cut cells and seize moisture... unsuitable for transplantation.”可知，器官内会形成冰晶，且不再适合移植。
33. D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“proteins in some species of Arctic fish, wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezing, allowing them to flourish in extreme cold(北极鱼、树蛙和其他生物体中防止血液结冰的蛋白质，使它们能在极度寒冷中成长并繁衍)”可知，这种天然的防冻蛋白可以在生活在严寒气候中的一些生物身上找到。
34. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water.(大多数天然抗冻分子都有吸引或防水的区域。)”可知，防冻分子只有形成吸水或者防水的化合物才能防止器官上形成冰晶。
35. C 解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句“But a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds—similar to those found in particularly hardy animals—could lengthen organs' shelf life.”是承上启下的过渡句。上文说器官容易晶化，但是一种类似于从耐寒的动物身上发现的天然防冻物质的化合物有助于延长器官的生命。文章的主体内容就是介绍这种化合物的制造灵感和过程。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
36～40 FBAGC
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。礼貌是良好礼仪的表现，但是随着生活节奏的加快，人们对礼貌似乎有所忘却，也能够容忍不礼貌的行为。礼貌用语虽小，但能够在很多方面影响我们的生活。
36. F 解析：该空上句提到，礼仪试图建立积极的人际关系。F项与上句承接自然，且两句在句式结构上相同。故选F项。
37. B 解析：该空下句提到，人们甚至不愿意花时间观察周围事物。B项与下句联系紧密，不愿花时间看周围是人们以自我为中心的一种表现形式。故选B项。
38. A 解析：该空下句提到，人们变得越来越不关心他人的感受。A项在语境上和下句联系紧密。且越来越不关心和随着科学发展都表现出动作的渐变，在逻辑上也能很好的衔接。故选A项。
39. G 解析：该空上句提到，礼貌不仅仅是一个简单的社会礼仪。G项的意思和上句是递进关系，尤其通过上句的not just 和本句的 also可以看出两句联系紧密。故选G项。
40. C 解析：该空下句提到，他们也会尊重你。C项和下句构成条件状语从句，且该主从句的意义符合逻辑关系和文意。故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
41～45 BCABC 46～50 ADADA 51～55 DCBCD
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的丈夫是一位在美国的非法移民，尽管一家人生活比较富足，但是她却整天处于丈夫可能会被遣送回国的担忧之中。
41. B 解析：由上句中的“I'm a US?born citizen”和下文中的“leave his country”可知，作者是一个在美国出生的公民，而她的丈夫却是七年前偷渡到美国的。
42. C 解析：从下句中的“deeply regrets”可知，后来，作者的丈夫作出了一个荒唐的决定，偷偷离开了自己的国家来到美国，当时连他的父母都没有告知。
43. A 解析：上句中的“As he became older he made __42__ decisions”有提示，现在，作者的丈夫整天担心自己被驱逐，所以他非常后悔当初那个鲁莽的决定。
44. B 解析：根据本空后的描述“...but in every way that counts, he is her ‘Dad’”可推断出，10岁大的女儿是作者与前夫的孩子，所以这里表示她本属于另一个亲属关系。
45. C 解析：与本空后的“ambition”由and连接构成并列关系，所以可推知，作者的丈夫应该是非常有才能的，抱负很大，但是，让人叹息的是，他无法在美国继续接受教育。
46. A 解析：从本空前的“great jobs”可知，他们两个人的工作都不错，在美国生活得很幸福。
47. D 解析：根据本空后的“expired license”推断，作者的朋友因为持过期驾照开车惹上了麻烦。
48. A 解析：下句中的“for blind children”有提示，他也是一位非法移民，并且有一个失明的孩子需要照顾。
49. D 解析：从后文的“my husband is illegal”可知，因为想帮助丈夫申请合法的移民手续，他们向三位不同的律师寻求专业帮助。
50. A 解析：由上句的描述可知，他们别无选择，丈夫唯一能申请到合法移民的办法就是回到他的国家，然后在那儿申请。
51. D 解析：联系空前的“doesn't have to”以及空后的“ten years”可知，这样的话要想回到美国，他还得再等十年。
52. C 解析：与本空前的“lie awake”构成伴随，作者彻夜难眠，一直在考虑这件事该怎么办。
53. B 解析：分析整句可知，“the immigration(移民) office finds out our friend is illegal”为条件。一旦移民局的人发现他们的朋友是非法移民，他们的家也许会被搜查。
54. C 解析：联系空后的“find out my husband is illegal”可知，他们会搜查“我”的家。
55. D 解析：如果作者的丈夫被遣送回国的话，他们就会被强行分开十年之久。be separated from“与……分离”。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四川省著名的水利工程——都江堰。都江堰始建于古代，主要目的是保护下游免受水患。
56. the 解析：考查冠词。由空格后的形容词最高级oldest判断出此处应该用定冠词the。故填the。
57. cities 解析：考查名词的数。根据空格前的fifty可判断出此处用city的复数形式。故填cities。
58. which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：在古代，都江堰现在所处的地方常常会遭受从岷江溢出的洪水侵袭。分析句子结构可知此处是定语从句，先行词是the region，指物，关系词在句中充当in的宾语，介词之后不能用关系词that，故用关系代词which。故填which。
59. caused 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，此处应该用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语floods和cause是被动关系，故用过去分词。故填caused。
60. but 解析：考查连词。句意：最简单的方式是修建大坝，但这样会毁掉岷江。分析句子结构可知此处应填连词；根据句意可知，前后部分是转折意义，故用并列连词but。故填but。
61. freely 解析：考查副词。句中的flowing是现在分词，应该用副词修饰，free的副词形式是freely。故填freely。
62. suitable/suited 解析：考查固定句型。句意：更妙的是，多余的水可以被引入干燥的成都平原，使得这个平原适宜耕种。根据固定句型make sth/sb＋宾语补足语(名词、形容词、分词、介词短语)可知此处应该用suit的形容词形式suitable/suited。故填suitable/suited。
63. is admired 解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此句缺少谓语动词，主语Dujiangyan和admire之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，由Today判断时态为一般现在时，主语是三单形式。故填is admired。
64. Unlike 解析：考查介词。句意：不像现在那些由距墙隔断水流的大坝，都江堰的水可以自然而然地流过岷江。根据句意判断，此处应该用介词like的否定形式是unlike。故填Unlike。
65. to exist 解析：考查固定句型。根据固定句型：make it ＋ adj. ＋for sb/sth to do “使得做某事对于某人来说是……的”，可知此处应该用不定式形式。故填to exist。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
One possible version：
Hi, everybody，
On this special occasion, I feel much honoured to represent the class to express our sincere gratitude to Ms King for her excellent work.
Thanks to Ms King's generous help as well as her great devotion and efforts, we've become more interested and done better in our English, which will be of great importance to our further study. Ms King, here's a pen container, a souvenir that we've specially prepared for you. Hopefully you'll like it. This pen container is made of bamboo, which is evergreen and hollow inside so that in Chinese culture it's a symbol of being young and modest. What makes it special is that we've all signed on it, making it a good reminder of the happy time we spent together. Now, I'd also like to wish you a pleasant journey home and always young and happy!
Thank you very much!
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
The old man said to Joy, “I hope you young people will remember to live each day with meaning.” And he continued, “Please don't ever put anything off until later.” We watched him walk proudly out of the store. Then Joy turned to me, “Now, how can I help you？” I explained the situation and the occasion and told her that I also wanted a similar pair of diamond earrings for my daughter because I knew that Betsy would have loved them too. “I don't have another pair like that. How about some pearl earrings instead？” To my puzzled look she said, “Pearls bring people good fortune，” and she held out a beautiful pair of earrings set with glittering pearls.
Paragraph 2：
While she wrapped them, I took a deep breath and asked Joy, “Do you have dinner plans？” I explained that I'd like to wait a bit before I went back to the hospital—gave Grace and her husband some time alone with baby. “Would you be interested in joining me in a bite to eat？” I asked. “I'd love to，” she replied, her eyes sparkling like diamonds. And, this was the beginning of the end to my months of heartbreak following Betsy's death.
听力材料
Text 1
W: Could you turn the TV down? I'm trying to study, and the noise is bothering me.
M: I'm sorry. I'll watch this movie later.
Text 2
W: When I'm 65 I will get Social Security payments from the government.
M: That means you have twenty years to go and then you can quit your job.
Text 3
W: The T?shirt from Grandma looks nice on me. But the skirt she gave me isn't big enough.
M: What about the hat Grandma gave you?
W: It's quite large, but I like it.
Text 4
W: How did you like the film?
M: Well，I walked out after half an hour. I've never seen such bad acting. I think I'm going to read film reviews online before going to the cinema next time, so I won't waste my money.
Text 5
M: Excuse me, I'm looking for something for a stomachache.
W: I see, sir. How long have you had this problem?
M: For a few days.
W: You could try this medicine. It may help. But I think you should see a doctor.
Text 6
W: Where in Canada are you from, Ken?
M: I'm from Toronto.
W: Oh，I've never been there. What's it like?
M: It's a big city, but it's not too big. The nightlife is colourful. I enjoy it.
W: Is it expensive there?
M: Yeah, a little bit.
W: And what's the weather like in Toronto?
M: Well, it's pretty cold in the winter, and very hot and wet in the summer. It's nice in the spring and fall, though. You can always see the clear sky then.
Text 7
M: Sophia，I've just confirmed our flight online, and it looks like we'll be delayed by an hour. The fight is now scheduled to leave at 4：00 due to the heavy wind.
W: Then we're in trouble. We won't be able to get to Chicago by 6：00 for the dinner with Mr O'Neil.
M: Don't worry. I'll talk to him. I'm going to call him to speak about our report.
W: Don't forget to apologise to him about being late.
Text 8
W: Are you staying by yourself again this summer vacation?
M: No，I'm not. My brother and sister are staying with me right now.
W: Really？What are they doing this summer?
M: Well, my brother is on vacation now. He always wants to come and visit the city.
W: What about your sister?
M: She has a part?time job at the university.
W: And do you have anything special to do?
M: Nothing special. I work as a waiter in the morning. And in the afternoon, I read books bought from a bookstore days ago. What about you, June? Are you in school this summer?
W: Yes, I am.
M: Oh, are you taking French and Spanish again?
W: Well, I'm not taking them, but I'm starting Japanese.
M: Really？That's exciting.
Text 9
M: My history professor says I should think about a job in politics. But I don't think I'd make a good politician.
W: Why not?
M: You know me. I'm not good at dealing with people. And politicians have to work with people all the time.
W: That's true. So what do you think you want to do?
M: I think I will be a good artist. I love painting pictures.
W: That reminds me of a problem I'm having. You know my parents have a restaurant, right? They want me to be the manager.
M: And you want to?
W: No way. A restaurant manager has to manage other people. It'd be terrible. I'm too disorganised. Honestly, I want to be a teacher because I like working with kids, and I'm good at it.
M: That's true.
Text 10
W: Good morning, everyone. Today we're going to look at the wide differences in family life between the rich and the poor in Victorian times. Let's begin with the upper classes. In Victorian times, the upper classes made up less than 3%of the population, yet held more than 90%of the country's wealth. Most of their servants were very poorly paid, but were always living in the homes of upper?class Victorian families, so they didn't have to pay for housing, food and clothing. The money which they did earn, they sent to their families. Many servants came from the countryside. Among them were cooks, cleaners, gardeners and so on. The family would also employ a child's nurse whose main role was to care for the children. She was responsible for teaching the children how to behave and taking care of them when they were ill. Nurses did not, however, educate the children. Generally, children from wealthy families didn't attend school outside the family home. Tutors would come to the house to do this. Now, the Victorian upper classes have the reputation of being quite cruel; but this wasn't always the case. They were also quite generous. Some schools were set up with money from the upper classes so that poor children could have some form of education. Additionally, most Victorian parents were very proud of their children. This goes against the common idea that parents were very strict with their children. In fact, the opposite was generally the rule. However, the situation for lower class families was very different. Let's have a look.
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