Chapter 2 Protecting our environment 学案

初一下第二单元学案
课 题 第二单元同步知识复习巩固
授课时间：2012-2- 备课时间：2012-2-22
教学目标 复习巩固第二单元Reading同步知识
重点、难点 复习第二单元Reading的重点单词和短语
考点及考试要求 单词和短语的情景用法
教学内容
Step One Warming up Hello! 亚伯拉罕·林肯 (Abraham Lincoln)（１８０９年－１８６５年），美国第１６任总统，首位共和党总统。林肯出生于社会低层，具有勤劳、俭朴、谦虚和诚恳的品格。他为推动美国社会向前发展作出了巨大贡献，受到美国人民的崇敬。他曾说这么一句话：I am a slow walker,but I never walk backwards.我走得很慢，但是我从来不会后退。 So, Zhoujianji, what do you think of the sentence Step Two Revision Come on!复习巩固第一单元重点词组：1.Why not...... 表示征求对方的意见和建议，表示“为什么不……呢”
Why not do sth=why don’t you do sth=what /how about doing sth为什么下午不和我们一起去购物呢？Why not go shopping with us this afternoon 2.used to1) used to do sth过去常常做某事小明过去常常很晚才睡觉。Xiao ming used to stay very late in the evening.2) be used to do sth被用于做某事电脑可以被用来做很多事情。Computers can be used to do many things 3) be used to (doing) sth习惯于某事你还习惯深圳的天气吗？Are you used to the weather in Shenzhen 3.提供的说法1) offer=give为某人提供什么,offer 常常表示主动提供offer sth to sb=give sth to sboffer sb sth=give sb sth她给我端了杯茶。 She offered me a cup of tea.2) provide指有远见，为应付意外、紧急情况等作好充分准备而“供给、提供” provide sb with sth 或provide sth for sb 。 他们为我们提供所需要的所有书籍。 They provided us with all the books we need.3)supply为某人提供什么supply sth to sb 或supply sb with sth 银行为他提供了很多资金。 The bank provided/supplied him with a lot of money. 4. with用with表示伴随的一种状态。强调前面的动作，后面的伴随状态是顺带提出。中国是一个具有灿烂文化的古老国家。China is an old country, with a colorful culture. 5. help help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事help sb with sth你能帮我做这项工作吗？Can you help me (to) do the work Can you help me with the work 6.call1.呼唤;召唤;召集 我去叫他。 I will go and call him。2.打电话如果你有危险，打给我。Call me if you are in danger.3.称呼我们都叫他约翰叔叔。We all call him Uncle John.检测第一单元的知识（附带试题）Step Three Key points and Analysis 重点词组解析Judy is collecting some facts for a class project on pollution.collecting是动词collect的现在分词。“be+动词的现在分词”构成现在进行时，表示某一动作正在发生或进行。辨析：on , abouton表“关于”，同义词为about,但它们之间也存在着区别。用on时，表示严肃的或学术性的，是供专门研究用的；而about则较普通，不太正式。 a book on history a story about animals2.Why are you so interested in trees,Doctor Ray Be interested in 表：对……感兴趣，in 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词He is interested in fishing. The book is very interesting.We’re all interested in it.拓展：be interested in还常用作become interested in或get interested in,意为：变得对……有兴趣辨析：interesting,interestedinteresting与interested尽管都是形容词，但它们的用法不同。interested是动词interest的过去分词形式，在句中常用作表语，句子的主语往往是人，它不能放在名词前作定语。interesting可以作定语，通常位于名词之前。Old Henry is interested in(collecting) kites.We saw an interesting kite in that shop.The film is really interesting.3.on Earth在地球上，相当于in the world。 Earth是专有名词，第一个字母应大写。What’s the biggest animal on Earth 拓展：on earth常用于口语中，用来加强语气，表：究竟，到底。What do you mean on earth 4.come from来自；来源于 =be fromLi Yan comes/is from Shandong.5.enjoy表：喜欢；享受……的乐趣用法：接名词或代词，表:喜欢某物 I enjoy the birthday party very much.接动词ing形式，表：喜欢做某事Do you enjoy going shopping 接oneself，表：玩得高兴It’s a big party.I really enjoy myself.接从句 I enjoy what he told me.6.Then you must thank trees for that,too.thank…for…表：因为…而感谢…,在口语中我们更常使用thank you for…或thanks for…,表：因为…而谢谢你Thank you very much for your help.Thanks for asking me to your party.辨析：too , alsotoo用于肯定句和疑问句中，一般在句末，其前有逗号；或作为插入语放在句中，前后均有逗号；在简略答语里，too常用于代词宾格之后。He has a knife.I have a knife,too.You ,too,can do it.I want to eat an apple. ---- Me ,too.(2)also用于肯定句和疑问句中，常放在句子中间，一般位于系动词或助动词之后，实意动词之前。Sandy was also at the party.Can he also swim 7.clean v.清洁；adj.干净的（1）clean用作动词时，意为“弄干净；清洁；打扫”，表示使用各种手段使某物干净。Clean your room,please. Can this type of air conditioner clean the air clean 用作形容词，它侧重于“没有尘埃，没有脏东西”，与dirty相对Are your hands clean 8.You know a lot about trees,Doctor.a lot 在此是一个名词性词组，意为“许多(事情)”，作谓语动词know的宾语We learned a lot from Yang Liwei.拓展：(1)a lot 还可用作状语，常用来修饰动词，意为“非常，十分”=very muchThanks a lot. I like bananas a lot.(2)a lot用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级，相当于much.I feel a lot better.注意：a lot of 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词，a lot不可修饰名词9.warn vt.警告（1）warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事She warned me of the dangerous road, so I crossed it carefully.(2)warn sb. against doing sth.=warn sb.not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事I warned him against swimming in the river.=I warned him not to swim in the river.(3)warn (sb.) that+从句I warned him that there was danger.10.join v.连接；加入；参加（1）join表“连接”时常和to或up搭配 They joined the island to the mainland with a bridge.(2)join后接表示人的名词或代词作宾语，表示和这类人一起进行某种活动Will you join us in the game join还可以用来表示“参加军队、政党、组织等”，并成为其中一员。He joined the Party last year.辨析：take part in,join ,join in三者都有“参加”的意思，但有区别：take part in一般指“参加”群众性的活动、考试、竞赛、会议等，强调以主人公的态度参加，并起到应有的作用。Are you going to take part in the discussion (2)join一般指参加某一组织、团体、党派、军队等，并成为其中的一员。The old man joined the Party in 1948.（3）join in也有参加；加入的意思，后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或v.-ing形式；还可以用于“join+名词/代词+in+sth./doing sth.Will you join us in a walk 11.pass each other food and water(1)pass v.传递pass用作“传递”时，后面常接双宾语，即pass sb.sth：传递某物给某人Pass me the ruler,please.注意：pass sb. sth=pass sth to sb. 当表物的词为代词时，只能用pass sth to sb.结构I need the pen.Please pass it to me.拓展：有些动词，如pass,buy,give,send等，它们后面常跟两个宾语，其中指物的宾语叫直接宾语，指人的宾语叫间接宾语。My parents bought me a new bike.
间接宾语 直接宾语He often sends us letters. 间接宾语 直接宾语each other互相 each other 和one another意思都是“互相，相互”，表相互关系的代词，称为相互代词。each other 用于两者之间，one another用于三者或三者以上之间。相互代词在句中只能作宾语、定语等。We often help each other when in trouble.Jack and I often write e-mails to each other.We received one another’s postcards before Christmas.We said hello to one another’s / each other’s family.12.cut down辨析：cut down,cut upcut down:砍倒 Don’t cut down the big tree.cut up :切碎，后面可接名词或代词，也可与into连用，表：切成……Peel three bananas and cut them up.Cut up vegetables into small pieces.注意：cut down和cut up都是“动词+副词”，如果它们的宾语是名词，那宾语既可置于副词之前，也可置于副词之后；如果宾语是代词，必须置于副词之前Cut it down(对) cut down it（错）13.against prep.反对；违反against不能单独作谓语，必须放在系动词或其他动词之后We are going to play against your football team next week.Step Four: 自我检测一、词汇题 根据句子意思和括号中的中文提示，用该词的适当形式填空。36. How do you _______ _______(与…交流).your penfriend 37. Water pollution is ________ (有害的) to our health.38. Judy is ________ (收集) some facts for a class project on pollution.39. We all know that tigers ______ _____ ______ now .(处于危险中)40. Do you enjoy ________（呼吸）fresh air 41. I______ very ________ ______(对…感兴趣) playing the piano.42. Trees give out ________ (氧气).43. Yesterday, a big fire ______(烧毁) a lot of houses.44. Every year, people _______(摧毁) many forests.45. After the war, he is still ______(活着的).46. The ________(课题研究) on pollution is very meaningful.47. The shirt doesn’t _____(适合) my body.48. They bit me and ______(打) me.49. The student __________(采访)　the president last week.50. Pollution is the ________(进程) of making things dirty and unhealthy.二、选择填空1. Our Earth will be _________ if we go on cutting down millions of trees every year.A. in great danger B. danger C. dangerously D. out of danger2. Students will make great progress (进步) if they __________ a subject.A. are interested in B. are interesting C. are interested D. are interesting in3. Look! The baby ________ happily now because he ________ you are his friends.A. similes；is knowing B. is smiling; is knowing C. is smiling; knows D. smiles; knows4. The train __________ for Beijing soon. The passengers who are still on the platform (月台) should get on the train at once.A. leaves B. is leaving C. left D. leaving5. Books give us knowledge (知识) and make us ________ happy.A. feeling B. feel C. feels D. felt6. They’re the biggest and oldest ________ things on Earth.A. life B. live C. living D. alive7. The boy enjoys ___________ in the evening.A. play the guitar B. playing the guitar C. playing guitar D. play guitar8. Look, who __________ on the playground A. is playing B. playing C. plays 　D. played9. It is going to rain. You’d better __________ an umbrella. A. bring B. having C. had D. to have10. Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest _________ writers. He is still ________.A. living; alive B. living; living C. alive; living D. alive; alive11. Mr. Smith is ___________ for Shanghai next week.A. leave B. leaving C. will leave D. leaves12. -- What _________ your family doing in the park -- They’re flying kites.A. is B. does C. are D. am13. I think English is ____________ than Chinese.A. interestinger B. more interesting C. most interesting D. interested14. The police warn people ___________ the terrorists (恐怖分子)．Ａ. with B. to C. on D. against15. The man is ___________, because a ___________ lion is coming.A. in danger; dangerous B. dangerous; dangerous C. danger; in danger D. dangerous; in danger 三、根据所学课文补全短文。在每个空白处填上一个适当的词，使对话意思完整、正确。首字母已给出。 Trees are very useful. Many things, such as the wood in you pencil, the rubber on the e 51 of your pencil, and the paper in your notebook all come from trees. Also, we must thank trees for f_52__air. Trees are n_53__ air conditioners. They c_54___ the air and clean it. Besides, trees can c_55 with one another. For example, when insects attack a tree, it can w_56 its neighbors. The other trees then p_57 a chemical to make their leaves taste to protect themselves. Some trees can also join their root together u_58__, and pass each other food and water. Trees are in great d_59_ . We c_60_ down and burn a lot of trees every year. We are destroying our best fighters against pollution.四、复习今天所学的单词和短语用法