全国一线英语教师专用
状语从句之高考真题精选（2）
1.
I
had
hardly
got
to
the
office
__________my
wife
phoned
me
to
go
back
home
at
once.
A.
when
B.
than
C.
until
D.
after
答案：A
解析:
根据固定句型：hardly.
.
.when
.
.
.一…就…可知答案为A。句意：我刚到办公室，我妻子就给我打电话让我立刻回家。
2.
You
can
eat
food
free
in
my
restaurant
_________you
like.
A.
whenever????????????
B.
wherever?
???????????
C.
whatever?
???????????
D.
however
答案：A
解析:
根据句意：你想什么时候就什么时候在我饭店免费吃东西。可知答案为B。
3.
—Why
didn't
you
tell
him
about
the
meeting？
—He
rushed
out
of
the
room
__________I
could
say
a
word.
A.
before?
B.
until?
C.
when?
D.
after
答案：A
解析:
根据句意：—你为什么没有告诉他这次会议呢?
—没来得及说话他就冲出房间去了。
可知答案为A。
before可以译为“还未来得及…就”
4.
He
was
told
that
it
would
be
at
least
three
more
months
_________he
could
recover
and
return
to
work.
A.
when
B.
before
C.
since
D.
that
答案：B
解析:
根据固定句型：It
will
be+一段时间+before...“要过一段时间才…”，可知答案选B。句意：他被告知至少要过三个多月，他才能恢复过来并返回工作上。
5.
That
was
really
a
splendid
evening.
It’s
years
_________I
enjoyed
myself
so
much.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
before
D.
since
答案：D
解析:
根据固定句式：It's
+一段时间+
since
从句，可知答案为D。本句意思是“好多年都没这么开心过了”。
6.
A
good
storyteller
must
be
able
to
hold
his
listeners’
curiosity
_______
he
reaches
the
end
of
the
story.
A.
when
B.
unless
C.
after
D.
until
答案：D
解析:
根据句意：一个优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众的好奇心直到讲到故事的结尾处。可知答案为D
7.
Mary
made
coffee
_________
her
guests
were
finishing
their
meal.
A.
so
that
B.
although
C.
while
D.
as
if
答案：C
解析:根据句意“玛丽泡了些咖啡当她的客人快要吃完饭时”可知答案为C
8.
It
is
hard
for
Greek
government
to
get
over
the
present
difficulties
__________
it
gets
more
financial
support
from
the
European
Union.
A.
if
B.
unless
C.
because
D.
since
答案：B
解析:
根据句意“除非有来自欧洲联盟的更多的经济支持，否则希腊政府很难克服目前的困难”可知，只能选择unless“除非”才能使句意完整。
9.
—
Our
holiday
cost
a
lot
of
money.
—
Did
it?
Well,
that
doesn’t
matter
_________you
enjoyed
yourselves.
A.as
long
as
B.
unless
C.as
soon
as
D.
though
答案：A
解析:
根据句意：—我们的假期花费很多钱.
—真的吗?
哦，只要你玩得开心就没事儿。
可知答案为A
10.
In
time
of
serious
accidents,
_________we
know
some
basic
things
about
first
aid,
we
can
save
lives.
A.
whether
B.
until
C.
if
D.
unless
答案：C
解析:
根据句意“在遇到严重事故时，如果我们知道一些急救方面的基本知识，我们就能救人命”可知，答案为C
11.
How
can
you
expect
to
learn
anything
_________you
never
listen?
A.in
case
B.
even
if
C.
unless
D.
when
答案：A
解析:
根据句意“既然你从来不听，你怎么能期望学到任何东西呢”，可知答案为D.
难点：when也可以表原因，这点很多学生都不知道
12.
_________the
police
thought
he
was
the
most
likely
one,
since
they
had
no
exact
proof
about
it,
they
could
not
arrest
him.
A.
Although
?
B.
As
long
as?
C.
If
only
?
D.
As
soon
as
答案：A
解析:
根据句意：尽管警察认为他是最有可能的一个，但是因为他们没有确切的证据，他们不得不把他释放了。故A正确。
13.
Many
of
them
turned
a
deaf
ear
to
his
advice,
_________they
knew
it
to
be
valuable.
A.as
if
B.
now
that
C.
even
though
D.so
that
答案：C
解析:
根据句意：他们许多人对他的建议充耳不闻，即使他们知道建议有价值。故选C。
14.
_________,
he
talks
a
lot
about
his
favorite
singers
after
class.
A.
A
quiet
student
as
he
may
be
B.
Quiet
student
as
he
may
be
C.
Be
a
quiet
student
as
he
may
D.
Quiet
as
he
may
be
a
student
答案：B
解析:
句意：尽管他可能是个沉默寡言的学生，但课下谈论喜爱的歌手时，他话很多。本题考查as引导的让步状语从句的倒装用法，这里的as
相当于though意思是“虽然、尽管”，从句中常使用倒装语序，常把表语成分提到as前面，但应注意被提前的名词前不用冠词a/an/the,所以选择B
15.
No
matter
how
___________,
it
is
not
necessarily
lifeless.
A.
a
desert
may
be
dry
B.
dry
a
desert
may
be
C.
may
a
desert
be
dry
D.
dry
may
a
desert
be
答案：B
解析:
no
matter
how+形容词放句首时，从句中要采用主谓不倒装的倒装句，即提前形容词，从句中语序不变。故选择B
16.
The
old
tower
must
be
saved,
_________the
cost.
A.
however
B.
whatever
C.
whichever
D.
wherever
答案：B
解析:
根据句意：无论代价是什么/费用要多少,这座古老的塔楼都必须被挽救下来.故选择B.
难点：此处就省略了谓语be动词，其完整形式应为Whatever
the
cost
is。
17.
Mark
needs
to
learn
Chinese
___________his
company
is
opening
a
branch
in
Beijing.
A.
unless
B.
until
C.
although
D.
since
答案：D
解析:
根据句意：Mark需要学习汉语是因为他的公司要在北京开分公司。连词since表“由于，因为”符合语境。所以选择D
18.
A
man
cannot
smile
like
a
child,
_________a
child
smiles
with
his
eyes,
while
a
man
smiles
with
his
lips
alone.
A.so
B.
but
C.
and
D.
for
答案：D
解析:
根据句意：男人不像小孩子那样笑，因为小孩用眼睛笑，而男人仅仅是嘴唇在笑。所以选择D，
表原因
19.
My
parents
live
in
a
small
village.
They
always
keep
candles
in
the
house
_________there
is
a
power
out.
A.
if
B.
unless
C.
in
case
D.
so
that
答案：C
解析:
根据句意：我父母住在一个小村子里，他们总是准备一些蜡烛，以防停电。故选择C
20.
The
police
officers
in
our
city
work
hard
__________
the
rest
of
us
can
live
a
safe
life.
A.
in
case
B.
as
if
C.
in
order
that
D.
only
if
答案：C
解析:
句意：为了让其余人过安全的生活，我们城市里的警察工作很努力。根据句意说明C正确。
21.
I
cannot
hear
the
professor
clearly
as
there
is
too
much
noise
________I
am
sitting.
A.
before
B.
until
C.
unless
D.
where
答案：D
解析:
句意：我不能够听清教授因为我坐的地方太吵闹了。故D正确。
22.
She
found
her
calculator?
________
she
lost
it.
A.
where?????????
B.
when????????
C.
in
which????????
D.
that
答案：A
解析:
根据句意“她在原来丢失计算器的地方找到了它”可知这里指地点，故用where。
23.
I
travel
to
the
Binhai
New
Area
by
light
railway
every
day,
_________
do
many
business
men
who
live
in
downtown
Tianjin.
A.
as
B.
which
C.
when
D.
though
答案：A
解析:
根据句意：我每天坐轻轨到滨海新区，如同许多住在天津市区的上班族一样。可知答案为A。as译为“像…一样”
24.
The
new
stadium
being
built
for
the
next
Asian
Games
will
be
_________the
present
one.
A.
as
three
times
big
as
B.
three
times
as
big
as
C.
as
big
as
three
times
D.
as
big
three
times
as
答案：B
解析:
根据倍数表达法：倍数+as+
adj+名词+as…
可知答案为B。句意：正在为下一届亚运会而建造的这座新的体育馆将是现在的这座的三倍大。
25.
He
was
about
to
tell
me
the
secret
________
someone
patted
him
on
the
shoulder.
A.
as
B.
until
C.
while
D.
when
答案：D
解析:
根据固定句型：was/were
about
to
do
….when
正要做某事……这时…，可知答案选C。句意：他正要告诉我这个秘密，这时有人拍了拍他的肩膀。
26.
There’s
no
way
of
knowing
why
one
man
makes
an
important
discovery
_________another
man,
also
intelligent,
fails.
A.
since
B:
if
C.
as
D.
while
答案：D
解析:
根据句意“没有办法知道为什么一个人做出一项重大发现，而另外也很聪明的一个人却失败了”可知答案为while表对比。
27.
_______
I
can
see,
there
is
only
one
possible
way
to
keep
away
from
the
danger.
A.
As
long
as??????????????
B.
As
far
as??????????????
C.
Just
as???????????
D.
Even
if
答案：B
解析:
as?far?as?I?can?see是固定的结构，意思是：据我看。所以答案为B。句意：据我看来，只有一个能避免危险的方式。
一线英语，你的英语全国一线英语教师专用
状语从句之高考真题精选（2）
1.
I
had
hardly
got
to
the
office
__________my
wife
phoned
me
to
go
back
home
at
once.
A.
when
B.
than
C.
until
D.
after
2.
You
can
eat
food
free
in
my
restaurant
_________you
like.
A.
whenever????????????
B.
wherever?
???????????
C.
whatever?
???????????
D.
however
3.
—Why
didn't
you
tell
him
about
the
meeting？
—He
rushed
out
of
the
room
__________I
could
say
a
word.
A.
before?
B.
until?
C.
when?
D.
after
4.
He
was
told
that
it
would
be
at
least
three
more
months
_________he
could
recover
and
return
to
work.
A.
when
B.
before
C.
since
D.
that
5.
That
was
really
a
splendid
evening.
It’s
years
_________I
enjoyed
myself
so
much.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
before
D.
since
6.
A
good
storyteller
must
be
able
to
hold
his
listeners’
curiosity
_______
he
reaches
the
end
of
the
story.
A.
when
B.
unless
C.
after
D.
until
7.
Mary
made
coffee
_________
her
guests
were
finishing
their
meal.
A.
so
that
B.
although
C.
while
D.
as
if
8.
It
is
hard
for
Greek
government
to
get
over
the
present
difficulties
__________
it
gets
more
financial
support
from
the
European
Union.
A.
if
B.
unless
C.
because
D.
since
9.
—
Our
holiday
cost
a
lot
of
money.
—
Did
it?
Well,
that
doesn’t
matter
_________you
enjoyed
yourselves.
A.as
long
as
B.
unless
C.as
soon
as
D.
though
10.
In
time
of
serious
accidents,
_________we
know
some
basic
things
about
first
aid,
we
can
save
lives.
A.
whether
B.
until
C.
if
D.
unless
11.
How
can
you
expect
to
learn
anything
_________you
never
listen?
A.in
case
B.
even
if
C.
unless
D.
when
12.
_________the
police
thought
he
was
the
most
likely
one,
since
they
had
no
exact
proof
about
it,
they
could
not
arrest
him.
A.
Although
?
B.
As
long
as?
C.
If
only
?
D.
As
soon
as
13.
Many
of
them
turned
a
deaf
ear
to
his
advice,
_________they
knew
it
to
be
valuable.
A.as
if
B.
now
that
C.
even
though
D.so
that
14.
_________,
he
talks
a
lot
about
his
favorite
singers
after
class.
A.
A
quiet
student
as
he
may
be
B.
Quiet
student
as
he
may
be
C.
Be
a
quiet
student
as
he
may
D.
Quiet
as
he
may
be
a
student
15.
No
matter
how
___________,
it
is
not
necessarily
lifeless.
A.
a
desert
may
be
dry
B.
dry
a
desert
may
be
C.
may
a
desert
be
dry
D.
dry
may
a
desert
be
16.
The
old
tower
must
be
saved,
_________the
cost.
A.
however
B.
whatever
C.
whichever
D.
wherever
17.
Mark
needs
to
learn
Chinese
___________his
company
is
opening
a
branch
in
Beijing.
A.
unless
B.
until
C.
although
D.
since
18.
A
man
cannot
smile
like
a
child,
_________a
child
smiles
with
his
eyes,
while
a
man
smiles
with
his
lips
alone.
A.so
B.
but
C.
and
D.
for
19.
My
parents
live
in
a
small
village.
They
always
keep
candles
in
the
house
_________there
is
a
power
out.
A.
if
B.
unless
C.
in
case
D.
so
that
20.
The
police
officers
in
our
city
work
hard
__________
the
rest
of
us
can
live
a
safe
life.
A.
in
case
B.
as
if
C.
in
order
that
D.
only
if
21.
I
cannot
hear
the
professor
clearly
as
there
is
too
much
noise
________I
am
sitting.
A.
before
B.
until
C.
unless
D.
where
22.
She
found
her
calculator?
________
she
lost
it.
A.
where?????????
B.
when????????
C.
in
which????????
D.
that
23.
I
travel
to
the
Binhai
New
Area
by
light
railway
every
day,
_________
do
many
business
men
who
live
in
downtown
Tianjin.
A.
as
B.
which
C.
when
D.
though
24.
The
new
stadium
being
built
for
the
next
Asian
Games
will
be
_________the
present
one.
A.
as
three
times
big
as
B.
three
times
as
big
as
C.
as
big
as
three
times
D.
as
big
three
times
as
25.
He
was
about
to
tell
me
the
secret
________
someone
patted
him
on
the
shoulder.
A.
as
B.
until
C.
while
D.
when
26.
There’s
no
way
of
knowing
why
one
man
makes
an
important
discovery
_________another
man,
also
intelligent,
fails.
A.
since
B:
if
C.
as
D.
while
27.
_______
I
can
see,
there
is
only
one
possible
way
to
keep
away
from
the
danger.
A.
As
long
as??????????????
B.
As
far
as??????????????
C.
Just
as???????????
D.
Even
if
一线英语，你的英语全国一线英语教师专用
非谓语动词之高考真题精选（1）
非谓语动词语法板块共配有四套高考试题精选，每套30道题左右，共计近120道非谓语动词高考真题，可以涵盖高考所有非谓语动词题型和与非谓语动词相关的综合试题，搞懂这四套题，你以后遇到的任何非谓语题都可以在这四套题中找到原型。值得任何一位老师或学生拥有。
1.
There
are
some
health
problems
that,
when
___________
in
time,
can
become
bigger
ones
later
on.
A.
not
treated
B.
not
being
treated
C.
not
to
be
treated
D.
not
have
been
treated
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词做时间状语。非谓语动词与主句之间用逗号隔开时，不能选择being
done结构，排除B。因为不定式不能做时间状语，排除C选择。因为逻辑主语是health
problems，被动关系，属于一般性的情况，相当于when
they
are
not
treated
in
time，故选择A。而D选项表示发生在谓语动词之前，故排除。
2.
_______the
city
center,
we
saw
a
stone
statue
of
about
10
meters
in
height.
A.
Approaching
B.
Approached
C.
To
approach
D.
To
be
approached
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词做时间状语。因为不定式与主句之间有逗号，且位于句首时，一般只能作目的状语，这与逻辑不符，排除CD。因为其逻辑主语是we表示主动，所以选择A。
3.
Every
evening
after
dinner,
if
not
from
work,
I
will
spend
some
time
walking
my
dog.
A.
being
tired
B.
tiring
C.
tired
D.
to
be
tired
答案：C
解析：考查非谓语动词作条件状语。若非谓语动词为表示感彩的词时，其逻辑主语是人，则用过去分词done，逻辑主语是物，则用现在分词doing。因为这里的非谓语动词属于感彩的词，且主语是I,
所以应使用过去分词tired。
4.
___________
which
university
to
attend,
the
girl
asked
her
teacher
for
advice.
A.
Not
knowing
B.
Knowing
not
C.
Not
known
D.
Known
not
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词作原因状语。因为否定词要位于非谓语动词之前，排除BD。因为非谓语与其逻辑主语the
girl之间是主动关系，所以选择A
5.
Though
_______
money,
his
parents
managed
to
send
him
to
university.
A.
lacked
B.
lacking
of
C.
lacking
D.
lacked
in
答案：C
解析：考查非谓语动词作让步状语。因为非谓语动词与逻辑主语his
parents之间表示主动关系，排除AD。又因为lack作动词时，为及物动词，可以直接接宾语，故选择C
6.
in
the
mountains
for
a
week,
the
two
students
were
finally
saved
by
the
local
police
A.
Having
lost
B.
Lost
C.
Being
lost
D.
Losing
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词作时间状语。由于非谓语动词与其逻辑主语the
two
students之间是被动关系，排除AD。又因为非谓语与主句之间有逗号是不能使用being
done结构，排除C。故答案为B
7.
The
news
reporters
hurried
to
the
airport,
only
the
film
stars
had
left.
?A.
to
tell?
B.
to
be
told?
C.
telling?
D.
told
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词作结果状语。现在分词doing表示意料之中的结果；不定式to
do
sth.与only连用表示意料之外的结果。句意：那位记者匆忙赶到机场，却被告知电影明星已经离开了。故B正确。
8.
He
was
busy
writing
a
story,
only
_______
once
in
a
while
to
smoke
a
cigarette.
A.
to
stop
B.
stopping
C.
to
have
stopped
D.
having
stopped
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。句意：他忙着编故事，偶尔停下来吸支烟。而根据题意可知，此处非谓语动词与was
busy
同时发生，作伴随状语，故用B。而having
stopped
表示此动作在谓语动词发生，与题意明显不符。
易错点：此题容易错选A。但only
to
do
作结果状语，且表示出乎意料的结果，逻辑不符
9.
Helen
had
to
shout
_______
above
the
sound
of
the
music.
?A.
making
herself
hear???
?
B.
to
make
herself
hear
?C.
making
herself
heard??
?
D.
to
make
herself
heard
答案：D
解析：考查非谓语动词作目的状语。非谓语动词表目的只能使用不定式to
do，排除AC。根据句意可知，海伦不得不大喊，为了使她自己被听到，所以选择D。
10.
Mary,
_______
here—everybody
else,
stay
where
you
are.
A.
come
B.
comes
C.
to
come
D.
coming
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语和祈使句辨析。在英语当中，破折号之前得是一个独立完整的句子，所以必须得是谓语动词，排除CD。又因为祈使句得是动词原形开头，所以选择A.
易错点：很多同学容易误选B，认为是三单，其实，句首的Mary是呼语，并不是主语。
11.
The
country
has
already
sent
up
three
unmanned
spacecraft,
the
most
recent
_______at
the
end
of
last
March.
A.
has
been
launched
B.
having
been
launched
C.
being
launched
D.
to
be
launched
答案：B
解析：此处考查独立主格结构。根据一个简单句中不能出现两个动词原则，可排除A。又因为非谓语动词与其逻辑主语the
most
recent（unmanned
spacecraft）之前是被动关系，且表示发生在之前(at
the
end
of
last
March.)的事情,
所以选择B
12.
_______
the
website
of
the
Fire
Department
in
your
city,
and
you
will
learn
a
lot
about
Firefighting.
A.
Having
searched
B.
To
search
C.
Searching
D.
Search
答案：D
解析：此处考查非谓语动词和并列句辨析。因为逗号之后有并列连词and，并列连词的功能是连接两个并列的结构，而and之后是一个独立完整的句子，所以and之前也得是独立完整的句子，所以and之前必须得有谓语动词，排除ABC,
故只能选择D
13.
The
room
is
empty
except
for
a
bookshelf
__________
in
one
corner.
A.
standing
B.
to
stand
C.
stands
D.
stood
答案：A
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语。根据一个句子中不能有两个动词，排除C。由于非谓语与其逻辑主语a
bookshelf之间是主动关系，排除D，又因为表示一般性的动作，所以选择A
14.
The
witnesses
by
the
police
just
now
gave
very
different
descriptions
of
the
fight.
A.
questioned
B.
being
questioned
C.
to
be
questioned
D.
having
questioned
答案：A
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语。因为非谓语与逻辑主语the
witnesses之前是被动关系，排除D，根据时间状语just
now可知是之前发生的动作，所以答案为A.
15.
The
airport
_______next
year
will
help
promote
tourism
in
this
area.
A.
being
completed
B.
to
be
completed
C.
completed
D.
having
been
completed
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词作定语。根据时间状语next
year可知，非谓语动词表示将来发生的动作，所以选择B，因为只有不定式作定语，才可以表示将来发生的动作
16.
—The
last
one
_______
pays
the
meal.
—Agreed!
A.
arrived
B.
arrives
C.
to
arrive
D.
arriving
答案：C
解析：考查非谓语动词作定语。因为一个简单句中不能出现两个动词，排除B。又因为非谓语与逻辑主语the
last
one表示主动关系，排除A。根据非谓语动词作定语时，若所修饰名词中为序数词或含有序数词时，只能用不定式作定语，所以答案为C
17.
The
ability
_____an
idea
is
as
important
as
the
idea
itself
A.
expressing
B.
expressed
C.
to
express
D.
to
be
expressed
答案：C
解析：考查非谓语动词之中的固定搭配。根据固定搭配the
ability
to
do
sth.，排除AB。又因为这里表示主动概念，所以选择C
18.
Passengers
are
permitted
_______only
one
piece
of
hand
luggage
onto
the
plane.
A.
to
carry
B.
carrying
C.
to
be
carried
D.
being
carried
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词之中的固定搭配。根据固定搭配be
permitted
to
do
sth.
可排除BD，又因为这里表示主动概念，所以选择A
19.
When
we
saw
the
road
_________with
snow,
we
decided
to
spend
the
holiday
at
home.
A.
block
B.
to
block
C.
blocking
D.
blocked
答案：D
解析：考查非谓语动词作补语。因为非谓语与其逻辑主语the
road之间表示被动关系，排除ABC，所以答案为D
20.
Tom
asked
the
candy
makers
if
they
could
make
the
chocolate
easier
into
small
pieces.
A.
break
B.
breaking
C.
broken
D.
to
break
答案：D
解析：考查非谓语动词作补语。补语有三种，主语补足语，宾语补足语，和形容词补足语。这里考查的是形容词补足语。这里有一个做题小巧门，即adj.+
to
do,
根据这一原则直接选择D
21.
Please
remain
_______;
the
winner
of
the
prize
will
be
announced
soon.
A.
seating
B.
seated
C.
to
seat
D.
to
be
seated
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词作表语。根据句意：请各位在座位上坐着；获奖者很快就会宣布的。可知，这里表示坐着的状态，而只有过去分词作表语时，才可以表示状态，所以选择B
22.
Today
we
have
chat
rooms,
text
messaging,
emailing…
but
we
seem
_______
the
art
of
communicating
face-to-face.
A.
losing
B.
to
be
losing
C.
to
be
lost
D.
having
lost
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词固定搭配。根据seem
to
do这一搭配，排除AB，又因为这里表示主语概念，所以答案为B
23.
In
order
to
gain
a
bigger
share
in
the
international
market,
many
state-run
companies
are
striving
_______
their
products
more
competitive.
A.
to
make
B.
making
C.
to
have
made
D.
having
made
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词作宾语。根据固定搭配
strive
to
do，排除BD,
根据句意：努力使产品更有竞争力可知，非谓语动词发生在谓语动词之后，排除C，答案为A
24.
Shortly
after
suffering
from
a
massive
earthquake
and
to
ruins,
the
city
took
on
a
new
look.
A.
reducing
B.
reduced
C.
being
reduced
D.
having
reduced
答案：C
解析：考查非谓语动词作宾语。分析句子结构可知，空格处与suffering
from是and连接的两个并列成分，在形式上应保持一致，排除B。又因reduce与the
city之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此选being
reduced
25.
In
some
parts
of
London,
missing
a
bus
means
__________for
another
hour.
A.
waiting
B.
to
wait
C.
wait
D.
to
be
waiting
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词作宾语。根据句意：在伦敦一些地方，错过一辆公交车意味着再等另外一个小时。可知这里应该用mean
doing结构，所以答案为A
26.
Susan
wanted
to
be
independent
of
her
parents.
She
tried
alone,
but
she
didn’t
like
it
and
moved
back
home.
A.
living
B.
to
live
C.
to
be
living
D.
having
lived
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词作宾语。try
to
do
sth.尽力做某事；try
doing
sth.尝试做某事。由句意可知，Susan
尝试着一个人生活。所以选择A
27.
_________basic
first-aid
techniques
will
help
you
respond
quickly
to
emergencies.
A.
Known
B.
Having
known
C.
Knowing
D.
Being
known
答案：C
解析：考查非谓语动词作主语。根据非谓语再句中作主语，可排除AB选项，因为done和having
done结构不能作主语。又因为这里表示主动关系，所以选择C
28.
It’s
no
use
__________without
taking
action.
A.
complain
B.
complaining
C.
being
complained
D.
to
be
complained
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词作主语。根据固定结构：it
is
no
use
doing，可排除AD。又因为表示主动关系，所以选择B。
知识拓展：这里it作形式主语，而之后的非谓语动词作真正的主语
29.
Having
been
attacked
by
terrorists,
__________.
?A.
doctors
came
to
their
rescue???????????
?
B.
the
tall
building
collapsed
?C.
an
emergency
measure
was
taken?????
?
D.
warnings
were
given
to
tourists
答案：B
解析：考查逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时,主语要与非谓语动词构成主动关系或是被动关系。题干是“被恐怖分子攻击之后,_______”,四个选项中的主语分别是A
doctors(医生)；B
the
tall
building(高楼);C
an
emergency
measure(一个紧急措施)；D
warning(警告)。当然,可排掉C,D
,因为它们和“被恐怖分子攻击”构不成主动或被动关系,只用A,B可以构成这种关系。A“医生去救他们（恐怕分子）”（不合实际）
；B“高楼倒塌”,所以只有B选项符合.
一线英语，你的英语全国一线英语教师专用
非谓语动词之高考真题精选（1）
非谓语动词语法板块共配有四套高考试题精选，每套30道题左右，共计近120道非谓语动词高考真题，可以涵盖高考所有非谓语动词题型和与非谓语动词相关的综合试题，搞懂这四套题，你以后遇到的任何非谓语题都可以在这四套题中找到原型。值得任何一位老师或学生拥有。
1.
There
are
some
health
problems
that,
when
___________
in
time,
can
become
bigger
ones
later
on.
A.
not
treated
B.
not
being
treated
C.
not
to
be
treated
D.
not
have
been
treated
2.
_______the
city
center,
we
saw
a
stone
statue
of
about
10
meters
in
height.
A.
Approaching
B.
Approached
C.
To
approach
D.
To
be
approached
3.
Every
evening
after
dinner,
if
not
from
work,
I
will
spend
some
time
walking
my
dog.
A.
being
tired
B.
tiring
C.
tired
D.
to
be
tired
4.
___________
which
university
to
attend,
the
girl
asked
her
teacher
for
advice.
A.
Not
knowing
B.
Knowing
not
C.
Not
known
D.
Known
not
5.
Though
_______
money,
his
parents
managed
to
send
him
to
university.
A.
lacked
B.
lacking
of
C.
lacking
D.
lacked
in
6.
in
the
mountains
for
a
week,
the
two
students
were
finally
saved
by
the
local
police
A.
Having
lost
B.
Lost
C.
Being
lost
D.
Losing
7.
The
news
reporters
hurried
to
the
airport,
only
the
film
stars
had
left.
?A.
to
tell?
B.
to
be
told?
C.
telling?
D.
told
8.
He
was
busy
writing
a
story,
only
_______
once
in
a
while
to
smoke
a
cigarette.
A.
to
stop
B.
stopping
C.
to
have
stopped
D.
having
stopped
9.
Helen
had
to
shout
_______
above
the
sound
of
the
music.
?A.
making
herself
hear???
?
B.
to
make
herself
hear
?C.
making
herself
heard??
?
D.
to
make
herself
heard
10.
Mary,
_______
here—everybody
else,
stay
where
you
are.
A.
come
B.
comes
C.
to
come
D.
coming
11.
The
country
has
already
sent
up
three
unmanned
spacecraft,
the
most
recent
_______at
the
end
of
last
March.
A.
has
been
launched
B.
having
been
launched
C.
being
launched
D.
to
be
launched
12.
_______
the
website
of
the
Fire
Department
in
your
city,
and
you
will
learn
a
lot
about
Firefighting.
A.
Having
searched
B.
To
search
C.
Searching
D.
Search
13.
The
room
is
empty
except
for
a
bookshelf
__________
in
one
corner.
A.
standing
B.
to
stand
C.
stands
D.
stood
14.
The
witnesses
by
the
police
just
now
gave
very
different
descriptions
of
the
fight.
A.
questioned
B.
being
questioned
C.
to
be
questioned
D.
having
questioned
15.
The
airport
_______next
year
will
help
promote
tourism
in
this
area.
A.
being
completed
B.
to
be
completed
C.
completed
D.
having
been
completed
16.
—The
last
one
_______
pays
the
meal.
—Agreed!
A.
arrived
B.
arrives
C.
to
arrive
D.
arriving
17.
The
ability
_____an
idea
is
as
important
as
the
idea
itself
A.
expressing
B.
expressed
C.
to
express
D.
to
be
expressed
18.
Passengers
are
permitted
_______only
one
piece
of
hand
luggage
onto
the
plane.
A.
to
carry
B.
carrying
C.
to
be
carried
D.
being
carried
19.
When
we
saw
the
road
_________with
snow,
we
decided
to
spend
the
holiday
at
home.
A.
block
B.
to
block
C.
blocking
D.
blocked
20.
Tom
asked
the
candy
makers
if
they
could
make
the
chocolate
easier
into
small
pieces.
A.
break
B.
breaking
C.
broken
D.
to
break
21.
Please
remain
_______;
the
winner
of
the
prize
will
be
announced
soon.
A.
seating
B.
seated
C.
to
seat
D.
to
be
seated
22.
Today
we
have
chat
rooms,
text
messaging,
emailing…
but
we
seem
_______
the
art
of
communicating
face-to-face.
A.
losing
B.
to
be
losing
C.
to
be
lost
D.
having
lost
23.
In
order
to
gain
a
bigger
share
in
the
international
market,
many
state-run
companies
are
striving
_______
their
products
more
competitive.
A.
to
make
B.
making
C.
to
have
made
D.
having
made
24.
Shortly
after
suffering
from
a
massive
earthquake
and
to
ruins,
the
city
took
on
a
new
look.
A.
reducing
B.
reduced
C.
being
reduced
D.
having
reduced
25.
In
some
parts
of
London,
missing
a
bus
means
__________for
another
hour.
A.
waiting
B.
to
wait
C.
wait
D.
to
be
waiting
26.
Susan
wanted
to
be
independent
of
her
parents.
She
tried
alone,
but
she
didn’t
like
it
and
moved
back
home.
A.
living
B.
to
live
C.
to
be
living
D.
having
lived
27.
_________basic
first-aid
techniques
will
help
you
respond
quickly
to
emergencies.
A.
Known
B.
Having
known
C.
Knowing
D.
Being
known
28.
It’s
no
use
__________without
taking
action.
A.
complain
B.
complaining
C.
being
complained
D.
to
be
complained
29.
Having
been
attacked
by
terrorists,
__________.
?A.
doctors
came
to
their
rescue???????????
?
B.
the
tall
building
collapsed
?C.
an
emergency
measure
was
taken?????
?
D.
warnings
were
given
to
tourists
一线英语，你的英语全国一线英语教师专用
高考英语三轮复习八大语法规则考前一遍过
一、可数名词变复数规则
1.
规则可数名词复数的构成：
规则
例词
1
一般情况在词尾加-s
map-maps,
day-days,
months
2
以s,
x,
ch,
sh结尾的名词后加-es
class-classes,
box-boxes,
watch-watches,
dish-dishes
3
以-f或-fe结尾的词
变-f和-fe为v再加-es
妻子(wife-wives)持刀(knife-knives)去宰狼(wolf-wolves)，小偷(thief-thieves)吓得发了慌；躲在架(shelf-shelves)后保己(self-selves)命(life-lives)，半(half-halves)片树叶(leaf-leaves)遮目光
加-s
chief-chiefs,
proof-proofs,
roof-roofs
4
以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es
party-parties,
family-families,
story-stories,
city-cities
6
以-o结尾的名词
一般加-s
piano-pianos,
photo-photos,
bamboo-bamboos,
kilo-kilos
少数加-s
黑人（negroes）英雄（heroes）爱吃土豆（potatoes）西红柿（tomatoes）和芒果（mangoes）
两者皆可
zero-zeros/zeroes,
volcano-volcanoes/
volcanos
2.
不规则名词复数构成：
规则
例词
1
改变内部元音字母或其他形式
man-men,
woman-women,
foot-feet,
tooth-teeth,
goose-geese
2
单复数相同
sheep,
fish(活鱼),
Chinese,
deer,
means(方式),series(系列),
species(物种)
,
yuan(元),
jin(斤)
3
无规则变化
child-children,
mouse-mice,
ox-oxen,
medium-media(媒体)
,bacterium-bacteria(细菌),phenomenon-phenomena(现象)
4
单数形式附属概念
people,
police,
cattle
5
部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）
class,
family,
crowd,
couple,
group,
government,
population,
team,
public,
party
6
复数形式表示特别含义
works(工厂),
arms(武器),
manners(礼貌),
customs(海关),
times(时代),
spirits(情绪),
drinks(饮料),
sands(沙滩),
papers(文件,
试卷),
looks(外表),
brains(头脑智力),
greens(青菜)
7
表示“某国人”
加-s
Americans,
Australians,
Germans,
Greeks,
Swedes,
Europeans
单复数同形
Chinese,
Japanese
,
Swiss
以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women
Englishman-Englishmen,
Frenchman-Frenchmen
8
合成名词
将主体名词变为复数
sons-in-law,
lookers-on,
passers-by,
story-tellers,
boy
friends
无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数
grown-ups(成年人),
go-betweens(中间人)
将两部分变为复数
woman
singer-women
singers,
man
servant-men
servants
二、最常见考的不可数名词
单词
词义
单词
词义
advice
建议
baggage/luggage
行李
change
零钱
furniture
家具
hair
头发
homework
家庭作业
information
信息
knowledge
知识
money
钱
news
新闻；消息
progress
进步
traffic
交通
equipment
设备
meat
肉
room
空间
luck
运气
music
音乐
housework
家务
fun
乐趣
wealth
财富
milk
牛奶
weather
天气
orange
橙汁
food
食物
work
工作
paper
纸
bread
面包
trouble
麻烦
三、人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
类别
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
反身代词
功能
作主语
作宾语、同位语等
作定语
作主语、表语或宾语
作宾语、表语或同位语
第一人称
I(我)
me
my
mine
myself
we(我们)
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称
you(你)
you
your
yours
yourself
You(你们)
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三人称
he(他)
him
his
his
himself
she(她)
her
her
hers
herself
it(它)
it
its
its
itself
they(他们)
them
their
theirs
themselves
四、四大时态动词变化规则
动词变化形式
一般性动词的变化规则
动词变第三人称单数（用于一般现在时）
一般直接在词尾加s：work→work?
make→makes???2．以s,x,ch,sh等结尾的单词加es：miss→misses
fix→fixes?finish→finishes??3.
以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，变y为i加es：fly→flies
study→studies4.以辅音字母加o结尾的单词，加es:
go→goes??do→does?注：不规则
have-has
动词变ing（现在分词）（用于进行时态）
1.
一般情况下，直接在动词后加ing：work→
working
2.
动词以不发音的e结尾，要去e加ing：make→
making
3.
重读辅元辅结尾，要双写词尾字母，再加ing：put→putting
prefer→preferring
注：不规则变化
die-dying;lie-lying
动词变过去式/过去分词（分别用于过去时和完成时态）
1.
一般情况下，动词词尾加ed
：work→worked
play→played2．以不发音的e
结尾动词，动词词尾加d：live→lived
taste→tasted
3.
以辅音字母
+
y结尾的动词，把y变为i
再加ed：
study→studied
4.
重读辅元辅结尾，双写词尾辅音字母，再加ed，如：
stop
→stopped
prefer→preferred注：不规则变化参见不规则变化表
五、形容词和副词比较等级的构成规则
1．规则变化
构成
例词
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节的词一般情况下直接加?er和?est
small
smaller
smallest
great
greater
greatest
hard
harder
hardest
以不发音的e结尾的单音节词加?r和?st
nice
nicer
nicest
cute
cuter
cutest
large
larger
largest
重读辅元辅结尾，先双写词尾的辅音字母后再加?er和?est
fat
fatter
fattest
thin
thinner
thinnest
hot
hotter
hottest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，先把y变为i再加?er和?est
easy
easier
easiest
happy
happier
happiest
early
earlier
earliest
其他双音节和多音节的形容词或副词都在前面加more和most
careful
more
careful
most
careful
popular
more
popular
most
popular
efficiently
more
efficiently
most
efficiently
2．不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good,
well
better
best
bad,
ill
worse
worst
many,
much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther(更远的)
farthest(最远的)
further(更进一步的/地)
furthest(在最大程度上/地)
old
older/elder(年长的)
oldest/eldest
六、形容词变副词规则
类 别
例 词
直接加?ly
clear→clearly 清楚地great→greatly
很，大大地
以辅音字母＋y结尾的形容词，变y为i再加?ly
happy→happily 高兴地heavy→heavily
沉重地
词尾为ble/le的形容词，去掉e，再加?y
terrible→terribly
可怕地；极度地gentle→gently
轻轻地
词尾为ue的形容词，去掉e再加?ly
true→truly
真实地
词尾为ll的形容词，直接加?y
full→fully充分地；完全地dull→dully
迟钝地
词尾为?ic的形容词，加?ally
basic→basically
主要地，基本上scientific→scientifically
合乎科学地
动词时态及被动语态的构成
(以do为例)
主动语态
现在时
过去时
将来时
过去将来时
一般
do
/
does
did
shall/will
do
should/would
do
进行
am/is/are
doing
was/were
doing
shall/will
be
doing
should/would
be
doing
完成
have/has
done
had
done
shall/will
have
done
should/would
have
done
完成进行
have/has
been
doing
had
been
doing
shall/will
have
been
doing
should/would
have
been
doing
被动语态：
常用被动语态
构成
常用被动语态
构成
1
一般现在时
am/is/are
done
6
过去进行时
was/were
being
done
2
一般过去时
was/were
done
7
现在完成时
have/has
been
done
3
一般将来时
shall/will
be
done
8
过去完成时
had
been
done
4
过去将来时
should/would
be
done
9
含有情态动词的
can/must/may
be
done
5
现在进行时
am/is/are
being
done
八
、并列连词及从句连词用法表
并列连词
并列关系
and,
not
only...but
also(不但...而且),
neither...nor(既不...也不),
both...and,
be
doing
sth/about
to
do
sth
when（正在做/将要做...这时突然）
转折关系
but,
yet,
while(然而)，not...but(不是...而是)
选择关系
or,
either...or(要么...要么)
因果关系
so(因此);
for(因为)
定语从句
关系代词
先行词人
who/that(主语)；who/that/whom/省略(宾语);whose(定语，表所属关系)
非限定性定语从句不用that；介词+which(物)/whom(人)
先行词物
that/which(主语或宾语)；whose(定语，表所属关系)
关系副词
先行词时间(when);先行词地点(where);
先行词reason
(why)
名词性从句
that
无实义，不作句子成分，后跟一个完整的句子，宾语从句中可以省略
whether/if
意为“是否”，不作句子成分，后跟一个完整的句子，宾语从句两者皆可用，主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只用whether
特殊疑问词
连接代词
作句子成分：who,
whom,
whose,
which,
what
连接副词
不作句子成分：when,
where,
why,
how
状语从句
时间状语
when(当),while(当，只和延续性动词连用),
as(当；随着),
before(在...之前),
after(在...之后),
till/till(直到...),
once(一旦),
since(自从)，as
soon
as/the
moment/the
minute/the
second/immediately(一...就)，every
time(每次)，the
first
time（第一次）
地点状语
where,
wherever(无论什么地方)
原因状语
because,
since(=now
that
既然，由于),
as,
for
目的状语
so
that(以便于；为了)，in
order
that,
in
case/for
fear(以免；以防)
结果状语
so...that，such
...that,
so
that(结果)
条件状语
If,
unless(除非),
as
long
as=so
long
as
(只要)
让步状语
although,
though,
while,
as
(虽然),
even
if/though(即使),whatever（=
no
matter
what），whenever（=no
matter
when）...
方式状语
as(像)，as
if/though(好像)
比较状语
than(比)，as...as（和...一样），not
as/so...as（不如），the
same...as,
such...as，the
more...the
more(越...越...)
九、动词不规则变化表
类型
汉语
原形
过去式
过去分词
AB型
能
can
could
/
将要；会；…好吗
shall
should
/
将要；会；愿意；要
will
would
/
可以；也许；可能
may
might
/
AAA型
值（多少钱）；花费
cost
cost
cost
切；剪；削；割
cut
cut
cut
打；撞；击中
hit
hit
hit
伤害；受伤；伤人感情
hurt
hurt
hurt
让
let
let
let
必须；应当；必定是
must
must
must
放；摆
put
put
put
放；安置
set
set
set
关上；封/禁闭；合拢
shut
shut
shut
延伸；展开
spread
spread
spread
读；朗读
read
read
read
/red/
AAB型
敲打；击打；打赢
beat
beat
beaten
ABA型
变得；成为
become
became
become
来；来到
come
came
come
跑/奔跑；（颜色）褪色
run
ran
run
ABB型
拿来；带来；取来
bring
brought
brought
买
buy
bought
bought
想；认为；考虑
think
thought
thought
接/捉住;赶上;染上（疾病）
catch
caught
caught
教书；教
teach
taught
taught
建筑；建立
build
built
built
借（出）；把…借给
lend
lent
lent
打发；派遣；送；邮寄
send
sent
sent
度过；花费（钱/时间）
spend
spent
spent
失去；丢失
lose
lost
lost
粘住；钉住；坚持
stick
stuck
stuck
挖（洞、沟等）；掘
dig
dug
dug
悬挂；吊着；把…吊起
hang
hung
hung
感觉；觉得；摸；触
feel
felt
felt
保持；保存；继续不断
keep
kept
kept
睡觉
sleep
slept
slept
扫除；扫
sweep
swept
swept
离开；把…留下；剩下
leave
left
left
类型
汉语
原形
过去式
过去分词
ABB型
嗅；闻到；发出（气味）
smell
smelt
smelt
拼写
spell
spelt
spelt
溢出；溅出；洒出
spill
spilt
spilt
放；搁
lay
laid
laid
付钱；给…报酬
pay
paid
paid
说；讲
say
said
said
卖；售
sell
sold
sold
告诉；讲述；吩咐
tell
told
told
坐
sit
sat
sat
吐痰；吐唾沫
spit
spat
spat
站；立；起立；坐落；经受；持久
stand
stood
stood
懂得；明白；理解
understand
understood
understood
燃烧/着火；使烧焦/晒黑
burn
burnt
burnt
学；学习；学会
learn
learnt
learnt
意思是；意指
mean
meant
meant
糟蹋；损坏；溺爱
spoil
spoilt
spoilt
梦；梦想
dream
dreamt
dreamt
喂（养）；饲（养）
feed
fed
fed
遇见；见到
meet
met
met
领导；带领
lead
led
led
成为；得到；具有；达到
get
got
got
发光；照耀；杰出；擦亮
shine
shone
shone
获胜；赢得
win
won
won
有；吃/喝；进行/经受
have
/
has
had
had
制造；做；使得
make
made
made
听见；听说；得知
hear
heard
heard
打架/仗；与…打仗
fight
fought
fought
找到；发现；感到
find
found
found
拿/抱；握住;举行
hold
held
held
ABC型
是
be
was/were
been
开始；着手
begin
began
begun
喝；饮
drink
drank
drunk
（钟/铃）响；打电话
ring
rang
rung
唱；唱歌
sing
sang
sung
下沉；沉没
sink
sank
sunk
游泳；游
swim
swam
swum
类型
汉语
原形
过去式
过去分词
ABC型
吹；刮风；吹气
blow
blew
blown
（鸟/飞机）飞；（人乘飞机）飞行；（旗子）飘动
fly
flew
flown
生长；发育；种植；变得
grow
grew
grown
知道；了解；认识；懂得
know
knew
known
投；掷；扔
throw
threw
thrown
绘画；绘制；拉；拖；提取（金钱）
draw
drew
drawn
给…看；出示；显示
show
showed
shown
打破；损坏；撕开
break
broke
broken
偷；窃取
steal
stole
stolen
选择
choose
chose
chosen
忘记；忘掉
forget
forgot
forgotten
结冰
freeze
froze
frozen
说；讲；谈话；发言
speak
spoke
spoken
醒；醒来；叫醒
wake
woke
woken
驾驶；开（车）；驱赶
drive
drove
driven
吃
eat
ate
eaten
落（下）；降落;
倒
fall
fell
fallen
给；递给；付出；给予
give
gave
given
把…藏起来；隐藏
hide
hid
hidden
骑（马/自行车）；乘车
ride
rode
ridden
上升；上涨
rise
rose
risen
拿；拿走；做；服（药）；乘坐；花费
take
took
taken
弄错
mistake
mistook
mistaken
（使）动摇；震动
shake
shook
shaken
写；书写；写作；著述
write
wrote
written
是
am
/
is
was
been
是
are
were
been
做；干
do
did
done
去；走；变得；通往
go
went
gone
躺；卧；平放；位于
lie
lay
lain
看见/到；领会；拜会
see
saw
seen
穿；戴
wear
wore
worn
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非谓语动词教案
该非谓语动词教案，是自己十五年高中英语教学精华的浓缩，涵盖了非谓语动词的所有考点，本教案按照非谓语动词题型分类讲解，全面系统详细，并配有四套高考试题精选，共计近120道非谓语动词高考真题，可以涵盖高考所有非谓语动词题型和与非谓语动词相关的综合试题，值得每一位老师或学生拥有。
非谓语动词
一、非谓语动词作主语
1.
动词不定式to
do做主语通常表示具体某一次的动作；
而动名词doing作主语表示一般性的动作
例1.
__________
a
language
requires
time
and
effort.
A.
Learn
B.
Learning
C.
To
learn
D.
Being
learned
例2.
__________
now
seems
impossible.
A.
Saving
money
B.
To
save
money
C.
Being
saved
money
D.
To
be
saved
money
答案：BB
2.
it作形式主语情况不同
①当主语是动名词时，用it作形式主语的常用句型：
It
is
+
no
use/no
good/useless/fun/enjoyable//a
waste
of
time+
doing
②当主语是不定式时，用it作形式主语的常用句型：
除使用动名词的情况，其它情况均使用不定式作主语
例3.
It
is
no
good
__________.
You
should
give_________.
A.
to
smoke,
it
up
B.
smoking,
it
up
C.
smoking,
up
it
D.
to
smoke,
up
it
例4.
It
is
not
always
easy
__________
invitations.
A.
to
refuse
B.
refusing
C.
to
be
refused
D.
being
refused
答案：BA
3.
It
is
+
adj.
+
of/for
sb
to
do
sth
①若之前的形容词可以表示人的性质，比如kind/foolish/rude等，则使用介词of
②若之前的形容词不能表示人的性质，比如difficult/possible/important等，则使用介词for
例5.
It
was
polite
_________
the
child
to
give
up
his
seat
to
the
elderly
woman.
A.
for
B.
of
C.
to
D.
with
例6.
Is
it
necessary
__________
the
book
immediately?
A.
for
him
to
return
B.
that
he
returns
C.
his
returning
D.
of
him
to
return
答案：BA
4.
比较对象要一致
例4.
To
answer
correctly
is
more
important
than
__________
A.
a
quick
finish
B.
to
finish
quickly
C.
finishing
quickly
D.
you
finish
quickly
答案：B
二、非谓语动词作表语
1.
分词作表语时
例1.
Climbing
is
tiring
and
we
are
completely
tired
after
a
day's
climbing.?
例2.
This
dog
is
frightening.?
例3.This
dog
is
frightened.?
2.
不定式和动名词作表语都是用于回答主语“是什么”的，但二者仍有一些区别。
例1.
His
job
is
to
paint
the
walls.?
例2.
His
job
is
painting
walls.?
例3.
Her
wish
is
__________
an
engineer.
A.
becoming
B.
become
C.
to
become
D.
being
come
例4.Some
people’s
greatest
pleasure
is
__________.
A.
fishing
B.
to
fish
C.
to
be
fishing
D.
being
fish
答案：CA
3.
不定式作表语主语中有do，可以省略不定式符号to
All
he
wants
to
do
is
(to)
please
his
mother.
三、非谓语动词作宾语
1.
动词宾语
1）下列动词只能用不定式作宾语：
决心学会想希望：decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish
拒绝设法愿假设：refuse，manage，care(=want)，pretend
主动答应选计划：offer，promise，choose，plan
同意请求帮一帮：agree，ask/beg，help(to)
此外：afford，happen,
strive,
wait也要用不定式。
2）下列动词只能用动名词作宾语：
考虑建议盼原谅：consider，suggest/advise，look
forward
to，
excuse/pardon
承认推迟没得想：admit，delay/put
off，fancy（想象，设想）
避免错过继续练：avoid，miss，keep/keep
on，practice
否认完成就欣赏：deny，finish，enjoy，appreciate
禁止想象才冒险：forbid，imagine，risk
不禁介意准逃亡：can’t
help,
mind,
allow/permit,
escape
此外，can’t
stand（无法忍受），give
up，set
about之后也用动名词作宾语。
3）下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义不同。
①
1.
—Did
you
close
the
door?
—Yes,
I
remember
__________
it.
A.
to
close
B.
to
closing
C.
closing
D.
closed
2.
Remember
__________
the
newspaper
when
you
have
finished
it.
A.
putting
back
B.
having
put
back
C.
to
put
back
D.
will
put
back
3.
Henry
always
forgets
things
he
has
done.
He
forgot
_
_
and
looked
for
it
everywhere.
A.
to
post
the
letter
B.
to
have
the
letter
posted
C.
to
have
posted
the
letter
D.
having
posted
the
letter
4.
My
brother
regretted
_______a
lecture
given
by
Professor
Liu.
A.
missing
B.
to
miss
C.
missed
D.
being
missed
5.
I
regret
________you
that
we
are
unable
to
offer
you
a
job.
A.
informing
B.
having
informed
C.
to
inform
D.
to
informing
答案：CCDAC
②动词like，love，hate
+
I
like
__________
very
much,
but
I
don’t
like
_________
this
morning.
A.
swimming,
swimming
B.
to
swim,
to
swim
C.
swimming,
to
swim
D.
to
swim,
swimming
答案：C
③动词allow,
advise,
forbid,
permit
1.
The
police
forbid
__________
here.
A.
park
B.
parking
C.
to
park
D.
to
be
parked
2.
The
heavy
rain
forbade
me
__________
to
school.
A.
from
my
coming
B.
to
come
C.
come
D.
my
coming
3.
Visitors
are
not
permitted
__________
the
park
after
dark,
because
of
the
lack
of
lighting.
A.
to
enter
B.
entering
C.
to
enter
in
D.
entering
in
4.
They
don’t
permit
__________
noise.
A.
to
make
B.
make
C.
making
D.
made
答案：BBAC
④在begin，start，continue，prefer，propose等动词后，用
意义相同。
注：begin，start
时，其宾语用不定式。
1.
The
clock
was
beginning
__________
twelve
and
everybody
held
their
breath.
A.
strike
B.
to
strike
C.
striking
D.
struck
2.
I
begin
__________
the
meaning,
which
begins
__________.
A.
understanding,
to
be
clear
B.
to
understand,
to
be
clear
C.
understanding,
being
clear
D.
to
understand,
being
clear
答案：BB
⑤need/want/require
+
doing
=
need/want/require
+
to
be
done
be
worth
doing=be
worthy
例：These
young
trees
require
__________
carefully.
A.
looking
after
B.
to
look
after
C.
to
be
looked
at
D.
looking
for
答案：A
4）之后有宾语补足语时
①动名词做宾语带有补足语时，要用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在补足语之后。
其结构为：find/
think/
consider…
+
it（形式宾语）+
no
use/no
good/useless…
+
doing
②不定式之后带有宾语补足语，则应用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语不定式放在句末。
其结构为：find/
think/consider…
+
it（形式宾语）+
adj./n.(除动名词宾补之外的)…
+
to
do
2.
介词宾语
①通常介词+doing；
②在表示“除……之外”的介词，如but,
except，besides，和other
than之后要用带to的不定式作宾语，如果主句中有实义动词do及其变体时，不定式的符号to需省略。
Have
I
any
choice
but
__________as
you
tell
me?
A.
to
do
B.
do
C.
doing
D.
I’ll
do
答案：A
③介词to
+
doing常见的情况有
1.
He
hasn’t
got
used
__________
in
the
countryside
yet.
A.
live
B.
to
live
C.
to
living
D.
living
2.
A
very
well-known
person
__________
in
this
house.
A.
is
used
to
live
B.
used
to
live
C.
is
used
to
living
D.
used
to
living
答案：CB
四、非谓语动词作定语
1.
分词做定语的情况
1）现在分词（一般式）作定语，可表示
1.
At
present,
English
is
the
main
subject
___________
here.
A.
to
be
taught
B.
being
taught
C.
teaching
D.
to
be
teaching
2.
—“Who
are
those
people
with
the
banner?”
—“A
group
__________
itself
the
League
for
peace.”
A.
calling
B.
calls
C.
called
D.
is
called
答案：BA
2）现在分词（完成时）作定语时，表示先于主语谓语动词发生，一般是插入主句之中，且必须要用“,”与所修饰名词隔开。
例：Dina,
___for
months
to
find
a
job
as
a
waitress,
finally
took
a
position
at
a
local
advertising
agency.
A.
struggling
B.
struggled
C.
having
struggled
D.
to
struggle
答案：C
3）过去分词作定语，可表示
例：1.
The
island,
_______to
the
mainland
by
a
bridge,
is
easy
to
go
to.
A.
joining
B.
to
join
C.
joined
D.
having
joined
2.
For
breakfast
he
only
drinks
juice
from
fresh
fruit
_______
on
his
own
farm.
A.
grown
B.
being
grown
C.
to
be
grown
D.
to
grow
答案：CA
2.
用不定式作定语的情况：
1）不定式表示将来
2）当所修饰的名词为序数词，最高级或被序数词、最高级、the
only、no、all、any修饰时。
例：He
is
always
the
first
to
come.
3）抽象名词后面用动词不定式做定语，如ability,
ambition,
anxiety,
attempt,
campaign,
chance,
courage,
decision,
determination等
例：Do
you
have
the
ability
to
read
and
write
in
English?
4）用to
do还是to
be
done作定语？
I
have
a
letter
to
post.
I
have
a
letter
to
be
posted.
注1：在have
+名词或代词+to
do/
to
be
done结构中，若主句的主语可以发出不定式这个动作，to
do
表示主语去做，to
be
done表示让别人去做
There
are
many
books
to
read.
There
are
many
books
to
be
read.
注2：在there
be
+名词或代词
to
do/to
be
done结构中，to
do和to
be
done没有任何区别。
五、非谓语动词作补语
1.
have
sb./sth.
注：have
sb
doing若用于否定句中，have有“容忍”之意。
例：I
won’t
have
you
speaking
to
your
father
like
that.
2.
get
sb./sth.
3.
make
sb
4.
sb
be
said/believed/known/reported/considered/found/thought等+to
do
5.
keep
sb
6.
see/hear/notice
sb
7.
固定搭配类：advise
sb.
to
do
sth。常见的这类动词有：ask,
tell,
order,
beg,
get,
request,
require,
invite,
force,
permit,
forbid,
allow,
want,
encourage,
advise,
persuade,
warn,
would
like等
8.
with
+宾语+宾补
1.
They
use
computers
to
keep
the
traffic
_______
smoothly.
A.
being
run
B.
run
C.
to
run
D.
running
2.
The
director
had
her
assistant
_______
some
hot
dogs
for
the
meeting.
A.
picked
up
B.
picks
up
C.
pick
up
D.
picking
up
3.
The
mother
felt
herself
_______
cold
and
her
hands
trembled
as
she
read
the
letter
from
the
battlefield.
A.
grow
C.
grown
C.
to
grow
D.
to
have
grown
4.
Alexander
tried
to
get
his
work
_______in
the
medical
circles.
A.
to
recognize
B.
recognizing
C.
recognize
D.
recognized
5.—Come
on,
please
give
me
some
ideas
about
the
project.
—Sorry.
With
so
much
work
my
mind,
I
almost
break
down.
A.
filled
B.
filling
C.
to
fill
D.
being
filled
6.
He
is
very
popular
among
his
students
as
he
always
tries
to
make
them
in
his
lectures.
A.
interested
B.
interesting
C.
interest
D.
to
interest
7.
A
good
story
does
not
necessarily
have
to
have
a
happy
ending,
but
the
reader
must
not
be
left_______.
A.
unsatisfying
B.
unsatisfied
C.
to
be
unsatisfying
D.
being
unsatisfied
8.
An
army
spokesman
stressed
that
all
the
soldiers
had
been
ordered
_______clear
warnings?before
firing
any
shots.
?A.
to
issue?
B.
being
issued?
C.
to
have
issued?
D.
to
be
issued
9.
Passengers
are
permitted
_______only
one
piece
of
hand
luggage
onto
the
plane.
A.
being
carried
B.
carrying
C.
to
be
carried
D.
to
carry
10.
He
rushed
into
the
room,
__________.
A.
dripped
sweat
B.
sweat
dripped
C.
with
sweat
dripping
D.
sweated
答案：1-5
DCADB
6-11
ABADC
六、非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词作什么状语，需要根据句意判断，不定式和分词都可以作原因状语和结果状语，但是使用条件不同，在我的习题讲解中都有详细的讲解。
1.
时间状语（分词）
2.
伴随状语（分词）
3.
让步状语（分词）
4.
目的状语（不定式）
5.
原因状语
6.
结果状语
7.
条件状语
课堂练习：
1_______in
the
queue
for
half
an
hour,
Tom
suddenly
realized
that
he
had
left
his
wallet
at
home.
??
A.
To
wait?
B.
Have
waited
C.
Having
waited?
D.
To
have
waited
2.
_______more
time,
he’ll
make
a
first-class
tennis
player.
A.
Having
given
B.
To
give
C.
Giving
D.
Given
3.
All
of
them
try
to
use
the
power
of
the
workstation
_______
information
in
a
more
effective
way.
A.
presenting
B.
presented
C.
being
presented
D.
to
present
4.
_______
twice,
the
postman
refused
to
deliver
our
letters
unless
we
changed
our
dog.
A.
Being
bitten
B.
Bitten
C.
Having
bitten
D.
To
be
bitten
5.
We
walked
as
fast
as
we
could,
__________
to
catch
the
9:30
train.
A.
hoping
B.
to
hope
C.
we
hoped
D.
being
hoped
6.
__________
the
cry
for
help,
people
immediately
rushed
out
of
the
rooms.
A.
To
hear
B.
Hearing
C.
Having
heard
D.
They
hearing
7.
It
__________
heavily,
the
outing
had
to
be
put
off.
A.
being
rained
B.
being
raining
C.
raining
D.
rains
8.
__________,
the
concert
began.
A.
The
listeners
having
taken
their
seats
B.
Having
taken
their
seats
C.
Have
taken
their
places
D.
The
listeners
to
have
taken
their
places
9.
__________,
I
went
out
for
a
walk.
A.
There
was
nothing
to
do
B.
There
being
nothing
to
do
C.
There
had
nothing
to
do
D.
There
were
nothing
to
do
答案：1-5
CDDBA
6-9
BCAB
七、逻辑主语
1.
独立主格结构：指分词之前加上自己的逻辑主语
2.
不定式的复合结构：指不定式结构之前加上自己的逻辑主语
3.
动名词的复合结构：指动名词之前加上自己的逻辑主语
1.
__________
the
assignment
made
his
father
lose
his
temper.
A.
The
boy’s
not
having
done
B.
The
boy
not
having
done
C.
The
boy’s
having
not
done
D.
The
boy
having
not
done
2.
I
don’t
remember
__________
about
it.
A.
him
telling
us
B.
his
telling
us
C.
him
to
tell
us
D.
he
tells
us
3.
Having
been
attacked
by
terrorists,
_______.
?A.
doctors
came
to
their
rescue???????????
?
B.
the
tall
building
collapsed
?C.
an
emergency
measure
was
taken?????
?
D.
warnings
were
given
to
tourists
4.
In
order
to
make
out
city
green,
_______.
A.
it
is
necessary
to
have
planted
more
trees
B.
many
more
trees
need
to
plant
C.
our
city
needs
more
trees
D.
we
must
plant
more
trees
答案：1.
A
2.
A/B
3.
B
4.
D
八、adj+
to
do
1.
Do
you
think
him
easy
__________.
A.
to
get
along
with
B.
to
get
along
C.
to
be
got
along
with
D.
to
be
got
along
2.
His
speech
in
English
was
difficult
__________
.
A.
in
following
B.
for
being
followed
C.
to
follow
D.
to
be
followed
by
答案：A
C
九、疑问词+
to
do
疑问词+to
do相当于一个名词短语，在句中作主语，宾语或表语。
How
__________
the
problem
will
be
discussed
at
tomorrow’s
meeting.
A.
to
solve
B.
to
be
solved
C.
being
solved
D.
solving
答案：A
一线英语，你的英语全国一线英语教师专用
高中英语状语从句你想知道的该知道的，这里都有了
状语从句用法总结大全
1、时间状语从句
2、地点状语从句
3、条件状语从句
4、原因状语从句
5、让步状语从句
6、方式状语从句
7、目的状语从句
8、结果状语从句
9、比较状语从句
注：A、在时间，条件和让步状语从句中要用
B、从句中的省略现象
C、状语从句解题思路
D、学习方法：集中力量，各个击破
状语从句教案
一、状语从句的概念和基本用法
1、状语从句和从属连词
状语从句修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等，在复合句中作状语。引导状语从句的关联词是从属连词。状语从句用陈述句语序，一般位于主句之前或者之后。当从句用在句首时，从句后常用逗号和主句隔开。状语从句根据其在句中不同作用分别表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较等，共有九种。
例:
When
the
film
ended,
the
people
went
back.
(时间)
If
I
have
time,
I’ll
go
to
see
Mr.
Brown.
(条件)
He
is
unhappy,
although
he
has
a
lot
of
money.
(让步)
We
should
go
where
the
Party
needs
us
most.
(地点)
2.
时间和条件状语从句中谓语动词的时态
在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，其谓语动词一般不用将来时态，而用①一般现在时代替一般将来时，②一般过去时代替过去将来时，③现在完成时代替将来完成时。
例1：When
will
he
come
again?
When
he
comes,
I
will
let
you
know.
例2：Unless
he
comes,
we
won’t
be
able
to
go.
3.
引导条件状语从句的if和引导宾语从句的if鉴别
当if引导条件状语从句时，它的意思为“如果”、“假使”；if引导宾语从句时译为“是否”的意思。
例3：If
by
any
chance
someone
comes
to
see
me,
ask
them
to
leave
a
message.
例4：Tell
me
if
you
will
go
to
school
tomorrow.
4.
状语从句中的省略现象
当when,
while,
as,
if,
though,
as
if
等引导时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句时，若主从句的主语一致，则把从句主语和后面的动词be
一起省略。
例：As
(she
was)
a
child,
she
began
to
learn
English.
(时间)
If
(he
was)
alive,
he
must
be
at
least
ninety
years
old.
(条件)
Although
(he
was)
told
to
stop,
he
kept
on
working.
(让步)
二、时间状语从句
1.
when,
while,
as引导时间状语从句的异同
when,
while,
as引导时间状语从句都有“当…的时候”
1）when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词又可以是瞬间动词，从句中的动词既可以和主句中的动作同时发生又可以先于主句的动作发生。
例：When
I
lived
there,
I
used
to
go
to
the
seashore
on
Sunday.
When
the
film
ended,
the
people
went
back.
2）while引导的从句谓语动词一般是一段时间较长的时间或过程，故动词必须是延续性动词，强调主句和从句的动作是同时发生或者存在的。
例：Please
don’t
talk
so
loudly
while
others
are
working.
3）as引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词也可以是瞬间动词，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，也用来说明两种正在变化和发展的情况。(当…时候；一边…,一边…；随着…)
例:
John
sings
as
he
works.
(一边…,一边…)
例:
_____
he
left
school
at
14
years
old,
he
began
to
train
as
an
engineer.
A.
Since
B.
When
C.
Then
D.
While
例:
_____
the
day
went
on,
the
weather
got
worse.
A.
With
B.
Since
C.
While
D.
As
注：a)
when还可以用作并列连词，其意义为“在那时，这时”，常用于下列结构：
sb
was
doing
sth
when
…(正在做某事这时…)
sb
was
about
to
do/going
to
do/on
the
point
of
doing
sth
when
…(正要做某事这时…)
sb
had
just
done
sth
when…(刚做完某事这时…)
例:
We
were
having
a
meeting
when
someone
broke
in.
We
were
about
to
set
off
on
our
way
when
it
suddenly
began
to
rain.
I
was
just
going
when
he
came
in.
I
was
on
the
point
of
telephoning
him
when
his
letter
arrived.
She
had
just
finished
dressing
when
her
guests
arrived.
注：这时when
分句中的动词必须是瞬间动词。
b)
while作为并列连词时，意为“而，却，然而”，表示对比。
例:
He
likes
pop
music,
while
I
am
fond
of
folk
music.
2.由as
soon
as等引导的表示“一….就….”的时间状语从句
1）as
soon
as
引导时间状语从句表示主句和从句的动作相继发生，译为“一….就….”
例：As
soon
as
she
heard
the
news,
she
came
to
tell
us
about
it.
2）no
sooner…
than和hardly/barely/scarcely…
when…也表示“一….就….”
但是主句谓语动词要用过去完成时，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，如果no
sooner和hardly放在句首，句子要用倒装语序。
例：He
had
no
sooner
seen
the
policeman
than
he
ran
away.
=No
sooner
had
he
seen
the
policeman
than
he
ran
away.
例：She
had
hardly
sat
down
when
the
telephone
rang.
=Hardly
had
she
sat
down
when
the
telephone
rang.
3）immediately,
directly,
instantly，也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一….就….”。
例：I
went
to
see
him
immediately
I
heard
from
him.
4）the
moment,
the
minute,
the
instant也可以表示“一….就….”。
例：The
moment
I
heard
the
voice,
I
knew
father
was
coming.
5）once含有条件的意味，译为“一旦”。
例：Once
you
begin,
you
must
go
on.
3.
until(till)引导时间状语从句时，用于肯定句和否定句的差异
until和till
用法一样，意义也相同，就是用于句首时要用until
在肯定句中：（…
until…）,主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且主句谓语动词所表示的动作一致延续到until所表示的时间才终止，译为“直到……为止”
例：You
may
stay
here
until
the
rain
stops.
在否定句中：（not…
until…）,主句谓语动词必须是瞬间动词，且谓语动词所表示的动作往往要到until所表示的时间才开始，译为“直到……才”
例：He
won’t
go
to
bed
until
she
returns.
例：I
didn’t
manage
to
do
it
_____
you
had
explained
how.
A.
until
B.
unless
C.
when
D.
before
注：not
…until结构的强调和倒装用法
例：It
was
not
until
he
came
back
that
I
knew
it.
=Not
until
he
came
back
did
I
know
it.
4.
before的用法
1）译法
a)把before译为“…才…”（当强调主句所表达的时间、距离很长或花费的力量相对较大时）
例：We
waited
a
long
time
before
the
train
arrived.
b)译为“…就…”（当强调主句所表达的时间、距离很短或花费的精力较小时）
例：I
hadn’t
waited
long
before
he
came.
c)译为“…没来得及…就…”“尚未…”“趁”
例：The
roof
fell
before
he
had
time
to
dash
into
the
room
to
save
his
baby.
Please
write
it
down
before
you
forget
it.
2）用法
It
was(not)
+一段时间+before
+
一般过去时
过了一段时间就…….
It
will(not)
be+一段时间+before+一般现在时
要过一段时间才会……
例：It
was
not
long
before
he
sensed
the
danger
of
the
position.
It
will
be
half
a
year
before
you
graduate
from
the
school.
注：before从句中谓语不用否定形式。
5.since引导的时间状语从句
①since从句表示从过去的一个时间点延续至说话时的现在时，通常要求主句使用动词的选择完成时，since从句使用一般过去时。
②但是，当主句谓语动词为be或seem时，则主句可以采用动词的一般现在时，当be与表示时间的词语连用时，尤其如此。
例：I
have
not
heard
from
him
since
he
lived
in
Nanjing.
It
is
a
long
time
since
he
lived
here.
=It
is
a
long
time
since
he
left
here.
6.一些表示时间的名词词组，如：each
time/next
time/the
day/the
year等也可引导时间状语。
例：Every
time
I
was
in
trouble,
he
would
come
to
help
me
out.
He
came
back
the
day
I
was
born.
三、地点状语从句
1.引导地点状语从句的从属连词有：where和wherever。指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前也可用于主句之后；表示抽象条件的含义时，从句必须放在主句之前。
例：After
the
war,
a
new
school
building
was
put
up______
there
had
once
been
a
theatre.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
We
should
go
where
the
Party
needs
us
most.
Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.
2.注意区别where引导定语从句与状语从句的区别。
例：You’d
better
make
a
mark
where
you
have
any
question.
You’d
better
make
a
mark
at
the
place
where
you
have
any
question.
3.
where和wherever的用法区别
一般而言，where从句表示特定的地点，可改写为to/at
the
place
where…而wherever从句表示非特定的地点，可改写为to/at
any
place
where…
例：They
must
go
where/wherever
we
send
them.
I
have
kept
that
portrait
_________I
can
see
it
everyday,
as
it
always
reminds
me
of
my
university
days
in
London.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whether
D.
when
四、原因状语从句
1.从属连词because，since，as引导原因状语从句的异同。
①because所表示的原因含有很强的因果关系，专门回答why提出的问题；从句在强调原因时可以置于主句之前，可用于强调结构“it
is/was
because…that…”；还可以在because前面加only，just来加强语气。
例：Why
didn’t
he
come
yesterday?
Because
he
had
something
important
to
do.
注：a.
not…because…结构可表示…并非是…的缘故。
I
don’t
like
apples
because
they
are
sweet.
b.英语中because和so不能搭配使用，要么使用because引导原因状语从句，要么用so引导并列句。
例：Because
I
was
ill,
I
didn’t
come.
②as和since往往表示比较明显或已知的原因，它们可分别译作“由于”和“既然”since比as更正式一些。as引导的从句可位于主句之前或之后，since引导的从句只能用于主句之前。
例：Since
you
don’t
like
to
do
it,
I’ll
ask
someone
else.
As
he
was
tired,
he
went
to
bed
early.
原因状语从句引导词用法对比
语气
位置
意义
because
最强
前或后
“原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“why”
as
较强
前
“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由
since
较弱
前
“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由
for
最弱
后
“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由
注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。
2.
now（that），seeing（that），considering（that）引导的原因状语从句。它们引导的原因状语从句和主句的因果关系不强，在口语中that可以省略。
例：Now
that
you
have
finished
your
homework,
you
may
go
home
now.
3.
for可以表示原因，但连接的是并列句。
For是并列连词，而不是从属连词。For也常用来表示原因，一般用来表示推断
例：The
day
breaks
because
the
birds
are
singing.
（×）
The
day
breaks
for
the
birds
are
singing.
(√)
译：天亮了，因为鸟在叫。
4.
在sorry，glad，sure，proud，anxious，ashamed，surprised，afraid，pleased，satisfied等表示“感情”的形容词或分词后，由that引导的从句也可以表示原因。在口语或非正式语体中，that可以省略。
例：I
am
glad
that
you
are
better.
五、条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if,
unless,
so/as
long
as,
in
case,
on
condition
that(条件是),
suppose/supposing(假设，如果),
provided
that(如果)等。
例：You
will
be
late_____
you
leave
immediately.
unless
B.
until
C.
if
D.
or
注：unless
=
if…not,
unless用于书面语，if…not…用于口语中。unless引导的条件状语从句只能是肯定句。
例：So
long
as
you
study
hard,
you
will
make
great
progress.
六、让步状语从句
1.
although/though(尽管，虽然),
even
though/even
if（即使）
even
if/though
语气最强，though的语气最弱。
although与though的意思相同，但although更正式，多用于句首，都可以和表示转折的词yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能喝but连用。
例：_____
she
is
young,
she
knows
quite
a
lot.
A.
When
B.
However
C.
Although
D.
Unless
Although/though
it
was
raining
hard,
yet
they
went
on
playing
football.
2.
as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装。
结构：n/adj/adv/vi+as/though+主语+谓语…
例：______,
he
doesn’t
study
well.
A.
As
he
is
clever
B.
He
is
as
clever
C.
Clever
as
he
is
D.
As
clever
he
is
Child
as
he
is,
he
already
knows
what
carrer
he
wants
to
follow.
Try
as
he
might,
he
couldn’t
solve
the
problem.
Much
I
respect
him,
I
can’t
agree
with
his
idea.
注：名词前移时，之前不加任何冠词。
though既可以是正常语序，也可以用倒装语序。
例：Smart
though
she
is,
she
doesn’t
study
hard.
3.引导让步状语从句的从属连词还有：whether…or…（不管…还是…），疑问词+ever与no
matter+疑问词(无论…)
例：Nobody
believed
him
_____
what
he
said.
Even
though
B.
in
spite
C.
no
matter
D.
contrary
to
Whether
you
believe
it
or
not,
it
is
true.
Whoever
you
are,
you
must
obey
the
rules.
七、方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as，as
if，as
though
as意为“像…一样”，as
if=as
though（好像）
方式状语从句应放在主语之后，其中as
if/though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能会实现时，也可用陈述语气。
例:
Do
as
you
are
told,
or
you’ll
be
fired.
The
old
lady
treats
the
boy
as
if
he
were
her
own
son.
He
walks
as
if
he
is
drunk.
八、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：so
that,
in
order
that,
for
fear
that,
in
case,
lest等。
in
order
to与so
that
两个词都意为“以便，为了…”，引导的状语从句常含有情态动词：can，could，may，might，will，would，should等。In
order
that比so
that更正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so
that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
例：I
hurried____
I
wouldn’t
be
late
for
class.
A.
since
B.
so
that
C.
as
if
D.
unless
I’ll
speak
slowly
so
that
you
can
understand
me.
In
order
that
we
might
see
the
sunrise,
we
started
for
peak
early.
2.
for
fear
that,
in
case与lest
表示“以免，以防”，他们引导的目的状语从句谓语动词要用（should+）动词原形，且本身带有否定意义，相当于“so
that...not,
in
order
that…not”
例：The
boy
hid
himself
behind
the
tree
in
case/for
fear
that
his
father
should
see
him.
Take
your
raincoat
in
case/lest
it
should
rain.
九、结果状语从句
1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so
that，
so…that…，such…that.
结果状语从句一般位于主句之后，在非正式文体中，由so…that，such…that引导的句子中that可以省略。
其结构形式为：
例：Mike
is
such
an
honest
worker
that
we
all
believe
him.
=Mike
is
so
honest
a
worker
that
we
all
believe
him.
It
is
such
fine
weather
that
we
all
want
to
go
to
the
park.
He
earned
so
little
money
that
he
couldn’t
support
his
family.
试比较：It
is
not
surprising
that
such
little
worms
eat
so
little
grain.
注：当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
例：So
clever
was
he
a
student
that
he
was
able
to
work
out
all
the
difficult
problems.
2.判别so
that引导的从句表示目的还是结果的方法。
①目的状语从句中常含有情态动词，而结果状语从句一般没有。
②目的状语从句和主句之间无逗号相隔，而结果状语从句可以有逗号相隔。
十、比较状语从句
1.由as和than引导的比较状语从句。
比较状语从句常用as或than来引导，由于从句中常有一些成分被省略，句中只剩下比较对象，因此，这类句子多数看上去不完整。
例：John
plays
football_____,
if
not
better
than,
David(plays
football
well)
A.
as
well
B.
as
well
as
C.
so
well
D.
so
well
as
He
is
taller
than
I
(am
tall).
2.
比较结构中须使比较对象一致，避免不合理的比较。
The
weather
of
Nanjing
in
summer
is
as
hot
as
(that
of)
Wuhan.
Shanghai
is
larger
than
any(other)
city
in
China.
3.
as…as…和not
as(so)…as…用来表示同级比较。
其中第一个as/so是副词，修饰主句中的形容词或副词的原形，后一个as是从属连词，引导比较状语从句。
例：The
horse
is
getting
old
and
can
not
run_____
it
did.
as
faster
as
B.
so
fast
than
C.
so
faster
as
D.
as
fast
as
4.
含有than从句的句子表示最高级概念。
比较级+than+
The
Mississippi
River
is
longer
than
any
other
river
in
the
United
States
China
is
larger
than
Mary
dances
better
than
anybody
else
in
the
class.
5.
有时than之后用人称代词的主格或宾格，意思不同。
than之后的人称代词，用主格还是宾格，要根据这个词所充当的句子成分而定。如果主句的谓语动词为vi且之后不带介词时，than之后的人称代词用主格还是宾格意思相同，若为vt，则意思不同。
例:
She
draws
better
than
I（me）.
She
likes
the
dog
more
than
I.
She
likes
the
dog
more
than
me.
6.
状语从句表示倍数的情况。
…times
as
+
adj/adv原级+as…
…times
+
the
+
性质名词
+
of…
…times
+adj比较级＋than…
The+名词+be+…times+what从句…
The+名词+be+…times+that/those
of…
例：The
table
is
3
times
as
big
as
that
one.
=
The
table
is
3
times
the
size
of
that
one.
=The
table
is
twice
bigger
than
that
one.
The
output
of
this
year
is
3
times
that
of
2005.
=The
output
of
this
year
is
3
times
what
it
was
in
2005.
一线英语，你的英语全国一线英语教师专用
定语从句
一、定语从句的基本概念及用法
定语从句及先行词
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
(
定语从句
)
(
先行词
)例：The
students
who
are
playing
football
are
from
Japan
2.关系代词作定语从句的主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。
关系代词是代替先行词含义的词，当先行词为复数时，从句谓语动词要用复数形式;
当先行词为单数时，从句谓语动词用单数形式。
例：Those
who
want
to
go
to
the
English
party
must
be
at
the
school
gate
by
7:30
p.m.
He
who
doesn’t
reach
the
great
wall
is
not
a
true
man.
3.分隔定语从句
定语从句一般放在先行词之后，但有时也被一个较短的定语或谓语动词将它与先行词分隔开来，这时被称为分隔定语从句。
例：I
was
the
only
person
in
my
office
who
was
invited.
4.定语从句有两种：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
a.限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰、限制的作用，若去掉它，则先行词便不能明确表示其所指对象。
例：They
eat
the
finest
food
that
money
can
buy.
在这个句子中，若去掉定语从句that
money
can
buy，则主句部分翻译为：“他们吃最好的食物”，就与加上定语从句的句意，“他们吃钱能买到的最好的食物”，意思上就有所改变了，所以不能去掉。
b.非限制性定语从句对先行词或整个主句加以补充说明，即使省去也不影响主句的意思，它和先行词或主句之间常用逗号隔开。
例：The
weather
turned
out
to
be
very
good,
which
was
more
than
we
could
expect.在这个句子中，若去掉定语从句which
was
more
than
we
could
expect，主句翻译成，“结果天气非常好”，而加上定语从句之后的句意为，“结果天气非常好，这出乎我们的意料”，主句不受影响。
c.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
翻译
译在先行词之前
可译成一个与主句并列的分句
功能
仅修饰先行词
可修饰先行词或整个主句
关系词
1.可用that引导
2.做宾语时可省略
1.不可用that引导
2.做宾语时不能省略
形式
无逗号
有逗号
5.引导定语从句的关系词有两种：关系代词（起名词和代词的作用）和关系副词（起副词或介词短语的作用）
a.关系代词：who,
whom,
whose,
that,
which
和as。在从句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语。
注：①做动词宾语的关系代词可省略
②做介词宾语的关系代词，只有当介词在从句词尾时，才能被省略。
例：In
fact,
the
Swede
didn’t
understand
the
three
questions
which
were
asked
in
French.
b.关系副词：when,
where,
why.
在从句中做状语。
关系副词
被代替的先行词
在从句中的作用
when
(at/in/on
which)
表示时间的名词
时间状语
where（at/in
which）
表示地点的名词
地点状语
why（for
which）
reason
原因状语
例：After
living
in
Paris
for
50
years,
he
returned
to
the
small
town
where
he
grew
up
as
a
child.
6.关系词的省略（引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略）
在限制性定语从句中，能够省略关系词的情况主要有：
①关系词作宾语，且前没有介词时
That’s
the
place
(which)he
lived
in
3
years
ago.
②在某些表示时间名词后的关系副词可省略.如，time、moment。
By
the
time(when)he
was
14
years
old,
he
had
learned
advanced
mathematic
all
by
himself.
③在某些表示地点名词后的关系副词有时也可省略。如，the
place.
That’s
the
place（where）he
stayed
yesterday.
④先行词the
reason后的关系副词可省略
That’s
the
reason(why)I
asked
you
to
come.
⑤先行词the
way后面的可用(that/in
which/省略)三种形式
That
was
the
way
(in
which/that)
she
looked
after
us.
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.
先行词指人时的定语从句
Who做主语，whom做宾语，在非正式文体中也可用who做宾语。当先行词为指“人”的名词时，也可用that代替who,
whom在从句中作主语或宾语。
例：Here’s
the
fellow
who
just
walks
into
a
bank
and
helps
himself
to
so
much
money.
Do
you
know
the
woman
whom
we
met
at
the
gate?
注：当先行词为指“人”的代词时，则不可用that来代替。
2.
先行词指“物”时，用that不要which的8种情况
①先行词时不定代词时。如，all,
none,
little,
everything,
many，much等
例：Is
there
anything
that
I
can
do
for
you
in
town.
②当先行词时形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时
例：This
is
the
best
that
has
been
used
against
pollution.
This
is
the
most
interesting
film
that
I’ve
ever
seen.
③先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时
例：The
train
is
the
last
that
will
go
to
Xi’an.
④先行词既有人又有物时
例：Do
you
know
the
things
and
persons
that
they
are
talking
about?
⑤先行词被the
only,
the
very或just
修饰时
例：This
is
the
very
person
that
I’m
looking
for.
⑥当主句的主语是who或which时
例：Which
is
the
bike
that
you
lost?
Who
is
the
boy
that
won
the
gold
medal?
⑦有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个宜用that。
例：They
secretly
built
up
a
small
factory,
which
produced
things
that
could
be
harmful
to
our
body.
⑧当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在主句中作表语时。
例：Shanghai
is
no
longer
the
city
that
it
used
to
be.
3.
先行词指“物”时，用which不用that的两种情况
①引导非限制性定语从句时
例：She
heard
a
terrible
noise,
which
brought
her
heart
into
her
mouth.
②当从句中有介词提前时，只用which，不能用that
例：This
is
a
house
in
which
Luxun
once
lived.
注：在一些动词搭配的动词短语中，不能把介词置于关系代词之前。
例：this
is
the
pen
(which/that)I’m
looking
for.
在此句中介词for不能提前
4.
whose既可指人又可指物。一般位于名词之前，在从句中作定语。用whose指物时可用of
which代替。
例：This
is
the
scientist
whose
achievements
are
well
known.
This
is
the
house
whose
window
was
broken
last
night.
=This
is
the
house
the
window
of
which
was
broken
last
night.
=This
is
the
house
of
which
the
window
was
broken
last
night.
5.
关系代词as引导的定语从句
as
既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可用引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语，宾语，表语。
在限制性定语从句中，as常用于：so…...as…..
as…..as…..
such……as…..
the
same……as….的句型当中。
例：This
is
not
such
a
book
as
I
expected.
注：This
is
the
same
tool
as
I
used
last
time.
This
is
the
same
tool
that
I
used
last
time.
6.
引导非限制性定语从句时as与which的区别
①as既可用于主句之前，又可用于主句之后，有时还可以插入主句之中，而which则只能用于主句之后。
As
is
known
to
everybody,
the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
a
month.
=
The
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
a
month,
as
/which
is
known
to
everybody
②as还有“正如….”之意，而which没有。
例：as
Engels
pointed
out,
labor
created
man
himself.
注：as
多用于下列习惯语中：as
everybody
can
see,
as
is
well-known
to
us,
as
we
had
expected,
as
often
(it)happens,
as
is
mentioned
above等。
③当定语从句放在主句之后时，也并不是as永远等于which。
a.当定语从句是否定句或表示否定时只能用which
He
came
here
very
late,
which
was
unexpected.
Mr.
Smith
usually
praised
his
students
Rose
in
public,
which
she
doesn’t
like
at
all.
b.当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接：系动词或be+被动语态
例：She
was
absent
again,
as
is
expected.
c.当非限制性定语从句的谓语是一个复合结构时，只能用which。
例:Betty
always
tells
a
lie,
which
her
parents
find
strange.
7.
由“介词+关系代词”引出的定语从句须注意的几个问题。
①
“复合介词+关系代词which”这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开，定语从句常用倒装语序。
例：He
lived
in
a
big
house,
in
front
of
which
stood
a
big
tall
tree.
②介词+which/whom+不定式结构
例：The
poor
man
has
no
house
to
live
in.
=
The
poor
man
has
no
house
in
which
to
live.
③介词的选用要根据从句中动词，形容词等与介词的习惯搭配而定。
例：The
man
to
whom
I
spoke
now
is
my
uncle.
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
1.when表示时间，where表示地点，why表示原因，它们在从句中分别做时间，地点，原因状语。
注：当先行词虽然表示时间，地点，原因，而关系词在从句中作主语、宾语而不是状语时，要用which或that引导，不可用when、where和why。
例：I’ll
never
forget
the
day
when
I
first
came
to
Beijing.
I’ll
never
forget
the
day
that
we
spent
together.
Hangzhou
is
a
city
that
has
a
beautiful
lake.
The
reason
that
he
gave
isn’t
believable.
2.关系副词多可变为“介词+which”。该用什么介词，要根据先行词的具体情况而定。
例：Hangzhou
is
a
city
where（in
which）there
is
a
beautiful
lake.
注：现在对where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的“地点”转为“地点的模糊化”。当先行词为situation、stage、case和point时，都可用where这个关系副词。
例：The
accident
had
reached
to
a
point
where
both
their
parents
were
to
be
called
in.
定语从句解题思路
1.
划从句
2.
找从句动词
3.
判断从句中是否缺少主语、宾语或表语
（1）如果从句缺少成分，则根据先行词，选择相应的关系代词（不含whose）
（2）如果从句中不缺少成分
注：1.one
of+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词
例：The
great
wall
is
one
of
the
world-famous
buildings
that
draw
lots
of
visitors.
2.
the
(only)one
of
+复数名词+关系代词+单数动词
例：The
great
wall
is
the
only
one
of
the
buildings
on
the
earth
that
is
seen
from
the
moon.
注：not
the
only
one
of
=one
of….
定语从句总结
1.
关系词
2.
省略
3.
使用that不用which的6种情况
4.
使用which不用that的两种情况
5.
as/which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
6.
先行词为situation、stage、case或point时，用关系副词where
7.
先行词是time
例：This
is
the
second
time
(that)
the
president
has
visited
the
country.
This
is
at
a
time
when/during
which
there
were
no
radios
or
no
TV
sets.
8、在一些固定搭配中，由于介词与动词的不可分割性，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前，例如：look
for，
look
after，run
into等
9.定语从句解题思路
一线英语，你的英语
