——名词的格以及部分固定句型
Lesson 3
名词所有格:
’s属格的意义:
’s常用于构成有生命的东西的名词的所有格,但也可以构成某些无生命的东西的所有格。
1.表时间。如:a week’s time 一周的时间。
2.表距离。如:ten meters’ distance 十米的距离。
3.表度量衡及价值。如:five dollars’ meat 五美元的肉。
4.表国家、城市等。如:China’s future 中国的未来。
5.表群体。如:the girls’ teacher 那些女孩的老师。
6.表自然现象。如:the earth’s gravity 地球的引力。
7.表拟人。如:a wolf in sheep’s clothing 披着羊皮的狼。
8.某些固定说法。如:at death’s door 濒于死亡。
’s属格的构成:
1.普通单数名词在词尾加’s。
如:the boy’s teacher (那个男孩的老师)
2.词尾已s有的复数名词在词尾只加一个’。
如:the teachers’ office (老师们的办公室)
3.词尾不带s的复数名词在词尾加’s。
如:Children’s Day (儿童节)
4.复合名词在最后一个词的词尾加’s。
如:his mother-in-law’s letter (他岳母的信)
5.表示几个词共同的所有关系在最后一个词的词尾加’s。
如:Mary and Tom’s teacher (Mary 和 Tom的老师)
6.表示几个词各自的所有关系,在每个词的词尾都加’s。
如:Mary’s and Tom’s books (Mary 和 Tom 各自的书)
7.表示某人的家或者店铺等时,其所有格后的名词常省略。
如:at Mr. Wang’s(在王先生家), at the doctor’s(在医生诊所)
Of属格:
Of属格多用于无生命的东西。如:the name of the song(歌名),the roof of the church(教堂的屋顶), the legs of the table(桌子的腿)等等。
双重属格:
of+’s的结构叫做双重属格。双重属格修饰的名词通常和不定冠词a及any, some, no, few, several等表示数量的次连用,表示“其中之一”或“其中一部分”的意思,但不可以和定冠词“ the”连用。而且of后面的名词一般都表示人,不能表示物。如:a friend of my mother’s(我妈妈的一个朋友), a picture of his sister’s(他妹妹的一幅画)……
1.I hear we will have a ____ holiday in ____.
A. two day’s; two day’s time B. two-day; two day’s time
C. two-day; two days’ time D. two days; two-day time
2.Liu Xiang is a ____ hurdles(跨栏) player.
A.110-meter B.110-meters
C.110 meter D.110 meters
3.These are ____ bikes.
A. Jim and Sam’s B. Jim’s and Sam
C. Jim and Sam D. Jim’s and Sam’s
4. Jack bought a ____ in a shoe shop yesterday.
A. pair of shoes B. pairs of shoes
C. pair of two shoes D. pair of shoe
5. Mary is ____.
A. a friend of my mother B. a friend of my mother’s
C. a my mother’s friend D. a my mother friend
翻译下列短语:
1.露茜的妈妈____________________
2.今天的报纸____________________
3.长城__________________________
4.生日礼物______________________
5.三箱苹果______________________
6.吉姆的一张照片_________________
7.星期天的早晨 ___________________
8.步行20分钟的路程________________
9.一张教室的图片__________________
10.两杯牛奶_______________________
1.露茜的妈妈____Lucy’s mother________________
2.今天的报纸____today’s newspaper________________
3.长城_____the Great Wall_____________________
4.生日礼物___birthday present___________________
5.三箱苹果__three boxes of apples____________________
6.吉姆的一张照片__a photo/picture of Jim’s___________
7.星期天的早晨 ___Sunday morning________________
8.步行20分钟的路程__twenty minutes’ walk___________
9.一张教室的图片__a picture of classroom___________
10.两杯牛奶___two glasses of milk_________________
短语的答案
接下来让我们来复习一下书上曾经出现过的一些句型:
1.How many ____s?
(How many后一定要接可数名词的复数形式)
如:How many pupils? Twenty pupils.
(直接回答数目再加上后面的名词就可以了。)
下面请同学们用这个句型来造几个句子
2.How many ____s are there?
(句子中出现了are there,回答的时候不要忘了也要用它,但是顺序要变化。There are ____.并且There are 出现一次就可以了,不用再加are there了。)
如:How many people are there in your family?
There are three people in my family.
请同学们造句
3.What’s your favourite food (fruit/sport)? (三种回答我们都要会)
1)My favourite food (fruit/sport) is ____.(可数名词一定要用复数形式)
2)____ is my favourite food (fruit/sport). (可数名词一定要用复数形式)
3)I like ____. (可数名词一定要用复数形式)
我们来练习一下
4.Do you often ____(接动词原形)?
如:Do you often play tennis?
Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
造句练习。
5.Do you want an orange or a pear? (这是一个选择疑问句,回答时必须在所给选项中选一个来回答。并且or前后连接的两个成分必须是一致的。)
如:Do you want an apple or a lemon?
I want a lemon.
或:Do you go to school by bus or by car?
I go to school by bus.
我们来试试吧!
6.Can you draw a picture? (用什么提问就用什么回答)
如:Can you cook breakfast for your mother?
Yes, I can. No, I can’t.
如果在句子结尾加上其他内容也不影响问句的回答方式。
如:Can you fly in the sky like a bird?
Yes, I can. No, I can’t.
来几个句子试试。
7.邀请别人吃或者喝什么东西我们可以用下面的句子:
Please have (drink/eat) some ____.
出于礼貌,你要回答:
Yes, please. No, thank you. (No, thanks.)
练练吧!
1.What’s your favourite food? ____________________.
A. I like sausage. B. My favourite food is burger.
C. Rice is my favourite food. D. I like carrot.
2.How many ____ are there in the classroom?
________ ten girls in the classroom.
A. girl; There are B. girls; There are
C. boy; There are D. boys; There is
3. Do you often ____ after class?
A. do your homework B. doing your homework
C. playing soccer D. ate apples
4. Do you go to Shanghai by plane or by train?
___________________________________.
A. I don’t go to Shanghai. B. That’s OK.
C. It’s a fine day. D. I go to Shanghai by train.
5. Can you cook supper for your mother?
A. Yes, I do. B. No, I didn’t.
C. No, I can’t. D. You are right.
6. I have a lot of delicious food. Please have some fish.
A. No, I can’t. B. Yes, I can.
C. Yes, please. D. Yes, good.
1.C
2.B
3.A
4.D
5.C
6.C
答案
谢谢
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