2012中考复习之情态动词

(共30张PPT)
九年级
中考英语专项复习——情态动词
概念：
情态动词是表示情态意义的动词，他表示说话人的语气和情态，它不能单独作谓语，必须与实义动词一起构成谓语，情态动词没有人称和数的变化，过去式通常表示更客气、更委婉。
I can speak English .He can speak English.
They can speak English, too.
Can you help me / Could you help me
表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿
望、义务、必要、猜测等的动
词是情态动词。
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情态动词
初中阶段必须掌握的情态动词：
can could may might
will would must have to
need had better should
所有的情态动词后面都接动词原形.
Eg: I can swim .
He has to go now .
1. can 能够,会,可以
Eg:1. I can speak English well .
2.Can you tell me how to start the machine
2, can 用来表示否定推测和疑问推测
Eg:1. That can’t be our English teacher
because she has gone to Shanghai .
2.Can it be true
3. could为can的过去式，用法与can类似，常用于过去时中；could还可用于现在时中表示委婉客气，相当于can；could也可表示惊讶怀疑，不相信，
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2. may 可以,可能,也许
Eg: You may go with me .
--- May I borrow your pen
--- Yes , you may .
No , you _______________
can’t / mustn’t .
此外, may 表示可能时注意和 maybe 的区别
maybe 可能(副词),不能做谓语,常在前面
Eg: Maybe you know the old man .
= You may know the old man .
may 常放在句中,和动词原形一起做谓语
1) I don’t know. _______he can tell you.
2) I don’t know. He ______tell you .
Maybe
may
3. must 必须 mustn’t 严禁,禁止,不许
Eg: I must learn how to work .
You mustn’t play in the street .
--- Must I finish the work now
--- Yes , you must .
No, you needn’t / don’t have to(不必）.
此外 must 用于肯定推测,表示 肯定是
Eg: The book must belong to him because
we can see his name on it .
4. need (需要) 既可做实义动词也可做情态动词
实义动词 need to do sth 需要做某事
Eg: I need to buy a big house .
--- Do you need to buy a big house
--- Yes , I do .
No, I don’t .
He needs to borrow a map .
--- Does he need to borrow a map
2) 情态动词 need do sth 需要做某事
Eg: I need buy a big house .
5. have to 不得不
Eg: It’s eleven o’clock . I have to go now .
He has to finish the work first .
请注意: I don’t have to go now .
He doesn’t have to finish the work first.
have to 和 must 的区别:
have to 表示客观因素
Eg: We are very glad at the party , but
it’s 11 , so we have to leave now .
must 表示主观因素
Eg: We must study hard to find a good job
for ourselves .
6. You’d better do sth 你最好做某事
Eg: You’d better buy the book .
You’d better not do sth 你最好不要做某事
You’d better not run in the classroom .
考点一：情态动词基本含义
can ( could ) 能，会
may (might) 可以，可能
will (would) 将，会，愿意
must 必须
have to不得不
need 需要 sb need to do sth ,sth need doing .
should应该
had better 最好 had better (not) do sth
1.-______ you speak Japanese (北京2008）
-No, I can’t
A. Can B. Must C. May D. Should
2.You ______ stop when the traffic light is red.(山西）
A. can B. may C. must D. need
3.LiLei can’t go hiking with us today .Because he__
____take care of his sick mother .(温州）
A .has to B .may C. mustn’t D .need ’t
A
C
A
考点二：表猜测语气的情态动词
表猜测性的情态动词有：may ， can’t ， must 。
may表没把握的猜测。
can’t 表有把握的否定猜测。
must 表有把握的肯定猜测
1.The light in the office is off. The teacher ______be there now.（南通）
A. may B. can’t C. mustn’t D. must
2.His parents bought him a large house . It ____be very expensive（宁夏）
A. must B. can C. mustn’t D. can’t
B
A
考点三：情态动词开头的疑问句的答语
句型 肯定回答 否定回答
Can I…
Yes, you can . No, you can’t .
May I … Yes ,you may. No, you mustn’t.
No, you can’t.
Must I… Yes, you must. No, you needn’t.
No you don’t have to
Need I… Yes, you must. No, you needn’t
1.Must I take the keyboard to the office now
-No, you _____.You can do it later.
A. mustn’t B . can’t C . don’t D. needn’t
2.May I take this book out of the reading room
-No, you ______. You must read it here.
A. may not B .don’t have to C. mustn’t D. needn’t
D
C
考点四：易混词的辨析
（一）must 与have to
We _____study hard .
We _____stay at home because it is raining.
提示：must 表主观看法，意为“必须”。 have to表客观需要，意为“不得不”
（二）maybe与may be
______he is right . It______ rainy tomorrow.
提示：may 为情态动词后接动词原形。Maybe为副词意思为“大概，也许”
must
have to
Maybe
may be
考点四：易混词的辨析
（三）can与be able to
I_____________ speak English now.
My sister _________speak English two years ago.
My brother ________ speak English in the future.
提示；can 只有现在和过去时（could）
be able to可用于任何时态中。
（四）can’t 与mustn’t
can’t 表“不可能”。mustn’t表“禁止，不许”。
Can/am able to
could/was able to
will be able to
1（2009.德州)-How is your friends coming
-I’m not sure. He ____drive here.
A may B. can C. must D. will
2(2008. 江西)If the traffic is red ,you ____cross the road .It’s very dangerous .
A don’t B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. wouldn’t
A
B
3.(2009.江西)--Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.
--It ___be very expensive, I never even dream about it .
A must B. might C .can’t D. shouldn’t
4.(2009.襄樊）-Must I get up before six o’clock tomorrow morning, Dad
--No, you _____.Tomorrow is Saturday .You may get up later.
A mustn’t B. can’t
C. needn’ t D. may not
A
C
5.(2010 江西） -How was the youth club last night ,Mark
-It was great fun .You ____come.
A must B. can C. should D. may
6.（2006.威海）He needs ____her the truth,
the flowers need_______.
A. to tell, watered. B tell, to water C. tell, watered D to tell ,watering
C
D
7.（2008.上海）-would you like to come to my birthday party
-I’d love to .But I ___look after my sister.
A.must B. can C. have to D. need to
8.(2009.成都）-what would you send to your sister as the Chritmas gift
-I haven’t decided yet .I____ send her a hand bag.
A. shall B. may C. need D. must
C
B
9.(2009.天津）-shall I tell Bob the news
-No, you ______,I’ve told him already.
A. shouldn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
10.(2007.武汉）we’d better ___at home .The sun is shining.
A. stay B not stay C. staying D. not staying
D
B
11.(2009绍兴）-could you please come to the Museum with me this afternoon
-sorry, I____.I have to take a piano lesson .
A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. needn’t
12.(2008.河南）-_____ I go swimming with Dad, Mom
-No, you needn’t .You can stay at home.
A. May B. Should C. Must D. Would
C
C
考点总结
1,单词的意思
2情态动词的答语
3表猜测的情态动词may, can’t ,must .
4易混淆的情态动词 can与 be able to ； have to与 must ；maybe与 may be ；
can’t mustn’t
注意：need的用法；had better 的用法。
1.-Mum ,may I watch TV now
-sure ,but you _____help me with my English.
A. can B. may C. must D. could
2.Alice ,please be quiet! The others ____hear clearly.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
C
A
3.-Who’s that under the tree Is it Jenny
-It ___be Jenny .She’s ill in the hospital today.
A. can’t B. must C. may D mustn’t
4.-Must I finish writing the article now ,sir
-No ,you ____.But you must finish it before next class.
A mustn’t B. may not
C can’t D. needn’t
A
D
Thank you
for listening！