2012中考英语阅读理解精选第8集【有答案或解析】【共18页】

2012中考英语阅读理解精选第8集【有答案或解析】【共18页】
中考英语阅读理解中的细节题和推理题
该精品资源选择的题型有：阅读回答问题、阅读单项选择、阅读改写填空、阅读判断正误。都有答案，至少一半的有具体解析。
一、做细节事实题的方法
在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点：(1) 凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。(2) 干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。
二、做推理判断题的方法
所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。中考英语试题中的推断题主要有以下几种：
1．事实推断
这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。例如：
According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?
A. You often play football with your friends after school.
B. Your teacher has got a cold.
C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn’t been caught.
D. The bike in front of your house is lost.
在阅读材料中，有这样一段文字：
Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news.
根据这段文字，我们可以推断：电视报道的新闻故事必须是有趣的和不平常的。因此，正确答案应为C。
2．指代推断
确定代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。
3．逻辑推断
这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉。
4．对作者的意图和态度的推断
这一类考题大都要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。
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训练题精选

I have been in England for 3 months now. I hope you don’t think I’ve forgotten you. There are so many places to see and so many things to do that I’ve not had much time for writing letters.
I shall soon be starting my studies at King’s College. So far I’ve been learning about England and British ways of living. I won’t tell you about London. There are plenty of books you can read and lots of pictures you can look at. I’m sure you’ll be more interested to know what I think about life here.
I find some of the customs(习俗) new and interesting. People here do not shake hands as much as we do in the European continent. During the first weeks I was often surprised because people did not put out their hands when I met them. Men raise their hats to women but not to each other.
1. Who do you think wrote the letter, an American, a British or a French?
2. What did the writer of the letter go to London for?
3. Why didn’t the writer reply soon after he arrived?
4. British people don’t shake hands as often as European people, do they?
5. Are women respected(受尊敬) by men in Britain?
参考答案
(1) 1. A French.
2. He went to London to study.
3. Because he was too busy to write back.
4. No, they don’t. 5. Yes, they are.
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The clock struck (敲) eight, but I was still on the bed. I could hear it was blowing strongly. “It must be windy outside,” I thought.
I came to the small town a week ago. I sold some clothes to a shop. Christmas was coming and I hoped to buy some presents for my family and friends. So I tried to meet the manager and ask him to pay for them. I was out of luck. He went to London and I had to wait for him here. There was no theatre here but a cinema. The films were all too old. I preferred staying in the small hotel to sitting in the cold cinema.
Half an hour later, I felt hungry. I had to get up. It was white everywhere and some children were skiing down the hill. On my way to the small restaurant, I saw a boy fall onto a rock (岩石). I ran to him quickly and carried him to a hospital. Soon his parents came here. Now I knew the boy was just the manager’s son. He thanked me very much and gave me the money after we had a dinner.
What was the weather like today?
_______________________________________
What did the writer come to the town for?
_______________________________________
Why did the writer prefer staying in the hotel?
_______________________________________
When did the writer get up?
______________________________________
Why did the manger thank the writer?
______________________________________
参考答案
(2) 1. It was a windy day today.
2. He came to the town to ask the manager to pay for the clothes.
3. Because it was a little warmer there.
4. He got up at half past eight.
5. Because the writer saved his son.
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There lived a lawyer (律师) in a town. The lawyer was very clever but stingy (吝啬的). People all knew that the lawyer never paid others when he asked others to do something from him.
One day the lawyer’s wife was badly ill. The lawyer asked a doctor for help. The doctor was ready to come to see the sick woman and try his best to cure her. But the doctor stopped before he went into the lawyer’s house, for the doctor knew that very often the lawyer did not pay others. The doctor said to the lawyer, “But if I cure your wife, I’m afraid you will not pay me.”
“Sir,” answered the lawyer, “here I have a lot of money. Whether you cure or kill my wife, I’ll give you some money.”
The doctor was glad to hear that and went into the house. The woman was dying. The doctor tried everything possible to save her, but still she died in the end. He told the lawyer he was very sorry, and then asked for pay. “Did you kill my wife?” asked the lawyer. “Of course I didn’t,” said the doctor. “Well, did you cure my wife?” the lawyer asked again. “You know that was impossible,” answered the doctor.
“Well then, since you didn’t kill or cure her, I have nothing to pay you.”
1. Did the lawyer pay others any money when he asked them to do something?
____________________________________
2. What kind of person was the doctor?
____________________________________
3. Why did the doctor agree to cure the lawyer’s wife?
____________________________________
4. What happened to the lawyer’s wife?
_____________________________________
5. Did the doctor get any money from the lawyer in the end?
_____________________________________
参考答案
(3) 1. No, never.
2. He was kind.
3. Because the doctor thought the lawyer would give him money.
4. She died.
5. No. the doctor didn’t get any money from the lawyer.
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Is it possible to send messages to someone anywhere in the world without putting a stamp on it? It’s easy to do so. Using computers you can send e-mail quickly and easily. If you have an e-mail address, you can write, send and receive messages.
E-mail is the most inexpensive way to communicate. You can send message at any time of day or night to people all over the world without paying for a long-distance call. Many companies use e-mail for people in their office or in other office to communicate with one another. You can send the same message to fifty people or more. It doesn’t matter if your friends are in bed when you send e-mail to them, or you are seeing a film at the cinema when they send e-mail back. Many schools and universities give e-mail address to their students. E-mail addresses are becoming as common as phone numbers, but it can also make our lives more complicated.
1. What do you need to send and receive e-mail?
_______________________________________
2. Which is cheaper and faster to send messages, by e-mail or by post?
___________________________________________
3. When and where can e-mail be sent?
______________________________
4. You can’t get any e-mails when you are out, can you?
___________________________________________
5. Do you think it’s helpful to use e-mail or not? Why?
__________________________________________
参考答案
(4) 1. A computer and e-mail address.
2. By e-mail.
3. Any time and anywhere.
4. Yes, I can.
5. I think it’s helpful. Because it’s the cheapest way to communicate.
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Little Tom down the street calls our dog "The keep dog".Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say" Seep", it comes out "keep". And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing things hoem for us to keep! I'll tell you about some of them.
Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk.
We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(点头)and held my nose. "What do you think it is?"
"It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污点) off the shoe. Then he put it at the door to dry."
"Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe!" I said."We should take it back."
"We can't ".said my sistter.
"Maybe little Tom is right," Mary said. "Maybe Zip is a keep dog!"
1.The writer and Mary didn't know______.
A.what Zip's first present was
B.how Zip carried its first present home
C.who owned Zip's first present
D.what Zip's first present was made of
2.Tom calls Zip "the keep dog"because ______.
A.the dog likes keeping things
B.the dog likes playing with shoes
C.he doesn't know the dog's name
D.he can't pronounce the word "sheep"well
3.What made the shoe strange was ______.
A.its colour B.its smell
C.its size D.that it was a silk one
4.The word "keep"in the last sentence means "_____"
A.keeping things for itself
B.bringing things for other to keep
C.not letting it run about
D.taking care of a small child
5.We can know from the reading that the dog _____.
A. likes to give presents to people
B.has been kept in at the writer's home
C.has brought some trouble
D.likes to be called "the keep dog"
参考答案Key: 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C
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An old lady in a plane had a blanket（毯子）over her head and she did not want to take it off . The air hostess spoke to her, but the old lady said, “I have never been in a plane before , and I am frightened. I am going to keep this blanket over my head until we are back on the ground again !”
Then the captain came. He said, “Madam, I am the captain of this plane. The weather is fine, there are no clouds in the sky, and everything is going very well. ”But she continued to hide.
So the captain turned and started to go back. Then the old lady looked out from under the blanket with one eye and said, “I am sorry, young man, but I don’t like planes and I am never going to fly again. But I’ll say one thing, ”She continued kindly, “You and your wife keep your plane very clean!”
1. An old lady had _________ .
A. glasses B. a blanket over her head C. a coat D. a basket
2. A. She didn’t want to ________ .
A. take it off B. turn it off C. get on D. talk about it
3. _________ spoke to her .
A. The air hostess B. The man next to her C. her husband D. one of her friends
4. The old lady had never been _________ before .
A. abroad B. home C. in a plane D. in hospital
5. The woman didn’t like planes and she was never going ________ .
A. to fly again B. to travel C. to go abroad D. to go home
参考答案Key: 1－5 BAACA
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Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife, "I'm going to fly to New York next week because I've got some work there." "Where are you going to stay there?" his wife asked. "I don't know yet." Dick answered. "Please send me your address from there in a telegram (电报)," his wife said. "All right," Dick answered.
He flew to New York on January 31st and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.
In the evening he didn't have any work, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said, "Now I'm going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner."
He found a taxi (出租车) and the driver said, "Where do you want to go?" But Dick didn't remember the name and address of his hotel.
"Which hotel are my things in?" he said, "And what am I going to do tonight?" But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram, and in it he wrote, "Please send me my address at this post office."
Choose the right answer
1. Dick flew to New York because ___.
A. he went there for a holiday
B. he had work there
C. he went there for sightseeing (观光)
D. his home was there
2. Why did his wife want a telegram from him?
A. Because she didn't know his address yet
B. Because she wanted to go to New York, too
C. Because she might send him another telegram
D. Because she couldn't leave her husband by himself in New York
3. Where did Dick stay in New York?
A. In the center of the city.
B. In a hotel.
C. In a restaurant.
D. At his friend's house.
4. Who would send him the name and address of his hotel?
A. The manager (经理) of his hotel.
B. The police office.
C. The taxi driver.
D. His wife.
5. Which of the following is not true?
A. Dick stayed at a nice hotel in the center of the city.
B. Dick didn't work on the first night of his arrival.
C. Dick forgot to send his wife a telegram.
D. Dick wanted to go back to his hotel in a taxi.
参考答案Key: 1-5 B A B D C
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He is quiet and shy. He likes to hide his eyes behind his hair. He doesn’t smile very often. However, if you talk to him about music, he’ll have a lot to say.
This is Jay Chou, the 24-year-old Taiwanese pop king(天王). His fans are so excited because he will sing songs in Beijing on September 12. Those songs are from his new album (唱片), “Ye Huimei”, and the album was released (发行) in July and was named after his mother.
Chou grew up just with his mother. He did not talk much and did badly in many school subjects.
His mother noticed the boy’s special interest in music and sent him to learn piano when he was only three years old. He loved it and kept on practicing.
Chou is not very handsome. He does not speak clearly when he sings or talks. But the singer has huge crowds of fans. “He is really good at music. It makes him attractive(有魅力的) to me,” said Liu Jiajun,?a Junior 2 student in No.101 Middle School in Beijing.
“He is true to himself. He never follows others,” said Zhang Yujie, a Junior 1 girl at Huaibei Middle School in Sihong, Jiangsu Province.
◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. From this passage,?we know that Jay Chou _______.
A. is very handsome?? B. has a bright smile
C. often makes too much noise??? D.. is a pop music star
2. His fans are so excited because _______.
A. he released a new album in July
B. he will sing new songs in Beijing
C. he can play the piano very well
D. his new album was named after his mother
3. When he was a little child, he _______.
A. talked a lot every day? B. did well in his study at school
C. started to like music D. had huge crowds of fans
4. According to one of his fans, Jay _______.
A. is a good student B. has long and beautiful hair
C. is a well-known pianist D. is very attractive to them
5. The sentence “He never follows others” in the last paragraph means _______.
A. he always has his own style(风格)
B. he likes to walk alone
C. he doesn’t like other people’s songs at all?
D. no one can catch up with him
?
【答案及解析】
1. 选D。根据第5段中的Chou is not very handsome. 可知A不对；根据第1段中的He doesn’t smile very often可知B不对；根据第1段中的He is quiet and shy可知C也不对。故答案选D。
2. 选B。根据第2段中的His fans are so excited because he will sing songs in Beijing on September 12可知答案。
3. 选C。根据第4段的His mother noticed the boy’s special interest in music 可知Chou小的时候就对音乐很感兴趣，也就是或那时就开始喜欢音乐了。
4. 选D。根据第5段中It makes him attractive to me可知答案。
5. 选A。这句话本意是说他不会跟随其他人，但跟文章主题音乐联系起来，以及根据前面一句话He is true to himself可知隐含意义为他有自己的音乐风格。
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Do you know how to play a game called “Musical Chairs”? It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs, some people and some way of making music. You may use a piano or any other musical instrument, if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio.
Put the chairs in a row. The chairs may be put in twos, back to back. A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it.
The game is easy. When the music starts, the players walk round the chairs. Everyone goes in the same direction, of course, they should walk in time to the music. If the music is fast they should walk quickly. If the music is slow, they should walk slowly.
The person playing music cannot see the people in the game. When the music stops, the players try to sit on the chairs. If a person cannot find a chair to sit on, he drops out. Then, before the music starts again, one chair must be taken away. When the music stops again, one more player will be out.
At last, there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.
◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. If ten people are playing musical chairs, you must begin with _______.
A. nine chairs B. ten chairs
C. eleven chairs? D. one chair
2. Which of the following is not suitable for playing musical chairs? _______.
A. A piano? B. A radio
C. A tape recorder? D. A telephone
3. The chairs should be put _______.
A. with the desks B. before the winner?????
C. all over the room D. in a line
4. When the music starts, the players must _______.
A. run about the room? B. get down?
C. walk around the chairs D. sit on the chairs
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The game “Musical Chairs” is not difficult to learn.
B. The last one can sit on the last chair.
C. The winner can sit on the chair.
D. If the person plays music, he cannot be the winner.
?
【答案及解析】
1. 选A。因为在第4段有这样一句If a person cannot find a chair to sit on, he drops out.那么肯定是椅子比人数少1，这样才会有人没得坐，故选A。
2. 选D。在第1段中提到了A、B、C三种可以播放音乐的器具，而D项没有，因为一般来说电话是不能播放音乐的，所以选D。
3. 选D。第2段的Put the chairs in a row就是“把椅子排成一排”这意。选D。
4. 选C。由第3段中的句子When the music starts, the players walk round the chairs.可知答案为C。
5. 选B。本题可用排除法，由第1段第2句It is easy to play 可知道A项正确；由最后一句The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.可知C项是正确的；由第4段的句子The person playing music cannot see the people in the game可知D项也是正确的。故答案选B
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“Well, we’re in our new house. Let’s get a new pet to get along with it,” Mrs Brown said to her husband.
“That sounds like a pretty good idea,” he answered. “Do you want to see the ads in the newspaper?”
“Let’s go to the animal shelter. Many pets there need homes. Since tomorrow is Saturday, we can both go,” she said.
Next morning the Browns met Mr Snow at the animal shelter. “We want to be sure that the pets here go to good homes,” Mr Snow said, “So I need to ask you some questions.”
After they talked for a while, the Browns decided to get a small dog. It wouldn’t need a big house or a big yard. A small dog would bark(吠) and warm them if someone tried to break into their house. After Mr Snow gave the Browns a book on pet care, they chose one and wanted to take her home right away. But the animal doctor hadn’t checked her yet. So Mr Snow told them to return on Sunday.
On Sunday afternoon the Browns went to the animal shelter. The animal doctor said, “Shadow has had all of her shots(预防针). She will be healthy.” The browns thanked the doctor and took Shadow home.
◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. From the reading we learn that _______.
A. the Browns have never had a pet before.
B. the Browns knew about Shadow from the newspaper.
C. Shadow is a small and healthy dog.
D. Mr Brown didn’t quite agree with his wife.
2. The word shelter in the reading means _______.
A. a place to sell small dogs
B. a place to keep homeless animals
C. a place to study animals D. a place to sell books on pet care
3. Mr Snow asked the Browns some questions to _______.
A. see if they had moved to a new house?
B. find out how rich the Browns were
C. know where they’d keep their new pet
D. make sure they’d take care of pets
4. The Browns thinks that a small dog _______.
A. doesn’t need any room to keep
B. can help them watch their house
C. eats less food than a bigger one?
D. usually has a beautiful name
5. It’s clear that _______.
A. Shadow will not be easy to get ill?
B. the Browns were not satisfied with Shadow
C. Mr Snow didn’t check Shadow at all
D. Shadow likes barking a lot
【答案及解析】
1. 选C。文章第5段提到…the Browns decided to get a small dog 以及最后一段动物医生说：Shadow has had all of her shots(预防针). She will be healthy.我们可以知道Shadow是一只健康的小狗。答案选C。
2. 选B。由第3段句子Let’s go to the animal shelter. Many pets there need homes.可知，shelter是a place to keep homeless animals(无家可归的动物们的避难所)。
3. 选D。第4段内容告诉我们：医生想为宠物们找个好家，他想知道Brown夫妇是否能照顾好宠物，否则医生也不放心把宠物交给他们的。
4. 选B。由第5段的句子A small dog would bark(吠) and warm them if someone tried to break into their house. 我们可知，一只小狗就可以帮他们看家了。故答案选B。
5. 选A。因为Shadow has had all of her shots，它已经打过所有的预防针了，所以Shadow是不会容易得病的。

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Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work? Or when your best friend does not wait for you after school?
If you do, you need to take control of your feelings and stop getting angry so easily. Getting angry with people can cause you to lose friends.
Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, has written “My Feelings Just Like Wild Animals” to help you control your feelings. It tells teens how to stay cool when bad things happen to them.
The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse. It can never make them better.
Getting angry is not a natural way to act, the book says. It is just a bad habit, like smoking.
The book says you can control your anger(怒气) easily－all you have to do is tell yourself not to be angry.
When a baby falls over, it only cries if people are watching it.
Like a baby, you should only get angry if you are sure it is the right thing to do.
The book gives many tips(提示) to help you if you get angry easily. Here are our top three:
1. Keep a record. Every time you get angry write down why you are angry. Look at it later and you will see you get angry too easily.
2. Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry. This will teach you not to be angry.
3. Do something different. When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try to laugh!
1. Getting angry with people can cause you to lose friends.
2. The book “My Feelings Just Like Wild Animals” can help you make more friends.
3. The book says you can control your anger easily by telling yourself not to be angry.
4. If you fall over, you should get angry.
5. Keeping a record can help you learn from your past experience and control your anger.
参考答案
(9) 1－5 TFTFT
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These two letters appeared in a newspaper. Both writers have their own ideas on zoos.
Zoos Do a Good Job
It is good to keep animals in zoos. I know a lot people think it is wrong to keep animals in zoos. However, I believe that zoos have many good points.
Firstly, zoos are places for people to see many different kinds of animals from all over the world. Without zoos, most people would never see a real bear or tiger.
Secondly, zoos look after the animals very well. The animals are always given food and cleaned regularly(定期). In the wild(荒野), it is not always possible for an animal to find food, so sometimes it goes hungry. But animals kept in zoos never go hungry.
Thirdly, zoos protect the animals they look after. They offer them safe places to live in. In the wild, some kinds of animals are in danger of becoming extinct(灭绝). But zoos give these animals a chance to live. Without zoos, there would be fewer kinds of animals in the world.
Maria Smith
Zoos Are Unnatural
In Maria’s letter, she says that zoos are good for animals. I am afraid that zoos are not good for animals, and they are only good for people.
It is unnatural(非自然的) and unfair(不公平的) to keep wild animals in cages that are too small for them. In the wild, these animals would travel freely. In zoos, they can’t do this. This is why the bears and tigers look so sad.
Most cages are not very clean either. It is true that zoos give the animals food regularly, but this is not natural. Wild animals are used to looking for their own food. We should treat(对待) animals in the same way that we treat other people－with respect(尊重).
Would anyone be happy if you don’t let him go outside his home? Would Maria like to have lots of people standing outside her house looking at her? No, she wouldn’t. Any animals don’t like it either.
Philip Black
1. Maria and Philip have quite different ideas on keeping animals in zoos.
2. In Maria’s opinion(观点), a real bear or tiger can only be seen in zoos.
3. Maria thinks that animals live better in zoos than in the wild.
4. According to Philip, if cages are big and clean enough, tigers and bears will look happy.
5. Maria and Philip are discussing how to make animals in zoos happy.
参考答案
(10) 1－5 TFTTF
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