(共7张PPT)
由题目要求“阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息”可知，是考查应用文。什么是应用文？应用文是人们在工作、学习和日常生活中, 用以处理各种事务、传递交流信息、解决实际问题所使用的具有直接实用价值、语言简约的文体统称。
五年高考真题究竟考了什么？请看下表：
年份 话题类别 匹配对象
2011年
休闲娱乐
影视作品的海报及提示性文字—背景简介或故事梗概
国外媒体上的插图及提示性文字—简要评论
2010年
2009年
读书学习
儿童读物封面与基本信息—内容简介
留英指南图书或杂志的封面—留英指南简介
2008年
2007年 日常生活 各类不同的广告—广告相关的读者来信
所考话题与学习和生活息息相关！备考重点关注的话题有：学习与课外活动、报考学校与专业、旅游观光、文化娱乐、招聘应聘、购物、餐饮、租房、网络交流、交通等生活的方方面面。
1. 年年都有图片：五年来匹配双方必有一方是“图片+少量文字”。
2. 使用词数不多：与图片方匹配的另一方使用的总词数在400以内(五年的高考实情是200—385个词), 该方每小题使用的词数在80词以内。
3. 时有交叉信息：各张图片上的信息与预设答案对应的关键信息, 在另一图或另一文字方中, 有时会有相同信息, 如2008年第58题的图片上有studying and living in the UK, 但在方字方的选项D和C上也都有studying and living in the UK; 2009年的A与B, C与D, E与F, 每两项都有一个交叉的关键信息词。(共7张PPT)
因信息匹配题只要求考生从应用文中找出所需要的信息即可, 因此, 就用查读或寻读法(scanning)即可。具体步骤和方法如下：
(1) 快速浏览应用文及匹配对象前面的中文
要求, 明确匹配对象。
1. 略读, 弄清匹配对象
(2) 若应用文有小标题, 要快速浏览小标题,了解大概内容。
(3) 若有明显交叉信息词, 可粗略分组, 然后再找出其中有明显差异的信息。
(4) 快速浏览“图片+少量文字”, 划出最能体现各自差异的关键信息。
用体现各自特点或差异的关键信息词到应用文中去搜索寻找匹配信息。尤其注意以下两点：
(1) 若有交叉信息, 我们还要进一步筛选, 在相同中找差异。如2009年, A和B中都有garden一词, 不同的是A中有poems而B中没有, 能与57题匹配的只有A。
2. 寻读, 找到匹配对象
(2) 匹配双方不一定都用了拼写相同的关键词,
可能会是同义表达, 如2008年58题就属这类; 也有可能是用同根词来表达, 如2010年第60题, 用psychological与psychology来表达。另外, 也还有可能有具有相同拼写的词, 但句意可能不同, 这就需要我们仔细研读了。
(3) 图片中的文字常以大写字母的形式出现, 我们要耐心细致, 认准读懂。也可转换成小写字母后辩认。备考时注意养成辩认大写字母的习惯。
每找到一对有把握的匹配对象, 就用笔将其划掉,不断缩小范围, 避免重复阅读。本题相对较易, 只要抓住匹配双方的个别关键词或拼写相同的词, 即使不完全理解其内容也可选出大部分正确答案。如2010年试题, 六幅图的内容差异明显,没有交叉信息, 因此只要用图片中的最能体现各图差异的词Harry Potter, tour, film, emergency, psychology(估计出现的可能是同根词时, 可用词根的一部分去搜), Vaccine等去搜索(寻读)对应词语, 即可轻松准确匹配。
3.划掉, 不断缩小范围(共53张PPT)
信息匹配 阅读下列应用文及相关信息, 并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。(注：做每篇信息匹配时, 限定自己在5分钟内完成)
(1) 学生—相适应的交流方式
以下是一些学生的相关信息, 请把交流方式与相关学生匹配起来。
1. My tutor told me communication is a two-way street and requires us to laugh as well as fart. Remember that while we are talking, we are not learning. In listening, we will be able to figure out how much of our message is getting through to our listeners and whether or not it is being received correctly or is being misinterpreted.
1. E关键信息In listening, we will be able to..., 在听当中, 我们可以判断有多少信息可以传递给听众……, 匹配E图片的文字Listening for understanding(为理解而听)。
2. I need to know, from people who are parenting successfully and a long time, how to communicate effectively. Of course you’re always going to hear that parents don’t listen to their children and instead try to nitpick or solve everything. Then you hear from parents that their children don’t listen to them because their children starting asking them about their feelings.
2. A关键词communicate effectively对应A图片的Communication Effectiveness。
3. How would you approach communication in a (long term problematic) relationship carried out over long distance We do email but I touch type so think & type almost instantaneously & also gabble & put brackets etc plus (I’m doing it now!) tend to speak first think later...
3. B关键词 do email, B图片的Network(网络交流方式)。
4. I’m a Canadian and I have to work on a team with an Iranian and a Chinese person. We are the only people on this team and I am stuck until the end of the project with no hope for change. They are both very set in their cultural ways (not assimilated to Western style). They both seem nice and work hard but cultural differences in communication drive me up the wall.
4. D关键词their cultural ways和cultural differences in communication对应D标题的... improving Cross-Cultural Communication。
5. My wife and I have quite different styles of communication. She loves details and I just want the bottom line. When I get home from work at the end of the day and she asks me, “How was your day ” I am likely to respond with a simple fine, or maybe give her a quick summary of one or two of the most important events.
5. C从题目信息different styles of communication来看, 这是对自己交流方式的了解, 对应D图片标题What is My Communication Style 。
首先请阅读下列有关房屋出租信息的图片：
(2) 学生—房屋出租信息
1. Fully furnished. I would need to rent it from Jan 2012 to the end of May because that is my exchange period. I would like to live with other students, doesn’t matter if it is a house share or a flat share, but free of repairing fee.
1. C关键信息, 题目最后的free of repairing fee(免维修费), 匹配C图片的文字Free Repair(免费维修)。
2. Hello. We are good friends and looking for a large flat near Edinburgh University and Bush Inn Shopping Centre from now until June 2012. We are 6 postgraduates’ law students. We’re friendly, laidback and tidy. Please let us know if you have something available, Thanks.
2. A题目关键词near...Bush Inn Shopping Centre和6 postgraduates’ law students对应A图片的信息 Bush Inn Shopping Centre和6+bedrooms。
3. I am looking for 1 bed flat in Edinburgh up to ￡60 per person per week. I am non-
smoker and I don’t care to share with other students/friendly housemates, but non-smokers preferably.
3. D关键信息租房者￡60 per person per week的价格要求, 对应D图片的租房价格￡55.65P/W。
4. Hey! I am Adela, a female student from Prague looking for a single/double room in Edinburgh from now until 31/12/2011. I am looking for any flat share for this period, preferably not for service charge.
4. B关键信息not for service charge不收手续费, 对应B图片的Free FOR STUDENTS, 对学生免费的网络租房中介。
5. We are 3 students from Finland. We are going to study in Edinburgh Stevenson College for the time 18.11-22.12. We need a nice flat with 3 bedrooms and 1 bathroom near St Martins.
5. E关键词3 bedrooms and 1 bathroom, 对应图片E出租房子的信息3 bedrooms和1 bathroom。
首先请阅读下列来自网上的信息图片：略, 见资料书P99
(3) 网民—关注的信息
1. I don’t like books with both Chinese and English either, for I can’t help referring to the Chinese part when meeting with trouble. I don’t think it is a good habit when practicing reading. So I would rather read some original magazines.
1.B关键信息, 题目最后的So I would rather read some original magazines, 该网民想读一些原版英文杂志, 匹配B图片Reader’s Digest杂志的征订广告。
2. My daughter is 3 months old and has
an ear infection. She has to take 4 ml of antibiotic twice a day for ten days. She doesn’t appear to dislike the taste but she keeps pushing it out with her tongue. Any tips
2. E题目关键词antibiotic(抗生素), 妈妈给女儿服喂药, 女儿不肯吃, 对应E图片的标题文字medicine。
3. I am redecorating my room in a few months and I would like it to be decorated like a nice hotel room, so maybe one wall of wallpaper and maybe some colours like gold and purple incorporated. I want it to look really classy. Who can give me some ideas
3.A关键信息redecorating my room和be decorated, 装修房子, 对应A图片的信息5 Cheap and Simple Bedroom Decorating Ideas。
4. I don’t want to put my dog in a cage! I was thinking of building my dog a house from scratch, and I’m wondering if anyone else built a dog house, to give some tips or design ideas. I am fairly good at carpentry, so let me know what you think.
4. F关键信息building my dog a house和built
a dog house, 建狗舍, 对应F图片的标题How to Build a Dog Kennel(怎样建一个狗舍)。
5. I have a scientific non-fiction article or rather an essay on aliens about 950 words long with relevant images and opinion. The article has been me for a while and I really want to give it away. Please suggest magazines or their sites and the ones which can pay as well.
5. C关键信息, 把a scientific non-fiction article, give it away和which can pay..., 结合起来, 其实就是C图片...BE PUBLISHED, 发表文章。
首先请阅读下列来自报纸的截图: 略, 见资料书P100
(4) 学生—相适应的报纸截图
1. I don’t know too many. Most of the jokes I know I have to look around and see who is in ear shot before I tell them. Not that they are terribly bad, but somehow these days, everyone seems a bit too easily offended. So, who knows some good old fashioned jokes
1.E关键词the jokes和题目最后的信息some good old fashioned jokes, 该学生想知道一些笑话, 匹配E图片的
标题文字JOKE, family-friendly jokes。
2. I am going to start my part-time job in a restaurant in Ortley, New Jersey, as a coffee/ dessert server, but my classmate told me there are some skills or tips every waiter/ waitress must have to excel. What are they
2. D题目关键词skills or tips和waiter / waitress, 做服务员不可不知的一些事项, 匹配D图片的文字...need-to-know tips from waiters...。
3. My best friend in the whole universe has diabetes. I honestly don’t understand it all but, he says he doesn’t need to take medicine or anything for it because he exercises or something. What do I need to know and what do I need to do
3. F关键词diabetes(糖尿病), 对应F图片的单词diabetes。
4. I want to subscribe a health magazine weekly. I see they have discount specials this month. Is one better than the other or are they the same I use to subscribe to health, but let the subscription expire. Any suggestions or ideas, and is there a better deal that you know of in prices.
4. B关键信息a health magazine weekly, 该学生想订阅一本健康杂志, 对应B图片的标题Health Digest(健康文摘), 注意weekly。
5. I don’t talk to many people, and my house is very isolated, I moved away from my small group of friends to pursue my career and got seriously ill. I lost my job and can’t find another. I feel like a total utter failure. What can I do
5. C关键信息, I don’t talk to many people, my house is very isolated该学生遇到了一系列的麻烦, 想办法解决, 匹配C图片Smart solutions to help you live a simpler, better life。
首先请阅读下列书籍的封面图片: 见资料书P101
(5)学生—期望订购的书籍
1. I don’t want to end up going to hell...But I need to know some answers. My mom says that we should pray because we should feel grateful for what we have. What if we’re not grateful What if I wish I was never born that way I wouldn’t have to deal with life or anything for that matter
1.B关键词pray(祈祷)和grateful(感恩), 对应B书籍封面的文字标题blessed(受祝福的)。
2. I know this sounds like a stupid question but I want to start doing some freelance writing projects for extra money and I don’t have a degree. I just know how to get the idea across, basically. What is a good way to learn (quick)without going to college
2. D题目关键信息doing some freelance writing projects (自由撰稿), 与此对应的是语法知识, 因此匹配D书籍封面的文字My Grammar and...。
3. I have recently been interested in American history, and for my own personal pleasure would like to know VERY MUCH about it. What books can you suggest that covers the majority of American from its very start to around the early 20th century
3. A关键词American history和信息from its very start to around the early 20th century, 学习美国历史离不开学习美国内战, 因此匹配A书籍封面文字...CIVIL WAR。
4. I’m getting a new bedroom and I need some ideas on how to decorate it, my new house isn’t finished yet. But I do know that I have my own bathroom, a walk-in closet, and a balcony. If you have any fun or interesting ideas please answer.
4. E关键信息a new bedroom和decorate, 对应
有关装修的书籍E的封面标题Complete Book of Decorative Paint Finishes。
5. I’m a real healthy kid and I need to try and cut 20 lbs to get to the desired fight weight that my mother wants me fighting at. Not really sure how to jump into a diet that will keep me functioning yet help me to continue cutting weight. Any advice is appreciated.
5.C关键信息, cut 20 lbs, cutting weight..., 该学生减肥遇到的麻烦, 当然想通过私人教练了解情况, 匹配C封面标题Personal Coach。
首先请阅读下列书籍的封面图片：略, 见资料书P102
(6) 学生—现急需的书籍
1. I think I have food poisoning. My symptoms
are: headache; nausea, but no vomiting yet; diarrhea; fever —I have a temp, reading of 100.9; body chills; abdominal cramping. These are food poisoning symptoms, aren’t they What can I do to get over it at home
1. A关键信息food poisoning(食物中毒)和get over it at home(在家克服), 该学生在家食物中毒, 想避免, 对应A书籍封面的文字标题1, 801 HOME REMEDIES... everyday Health Problems, “1801种家庭疗法解决健康问题”。
2. I want to learn more about plants and how they work. Also I want to learn the best practices for gardening. Specifically I want to learn about exotic plants and flowers. I’m interested in having a collection of plants. Any links or direction would be great.
2. E题目关键词gardening和plants and flowers, 与此对应E书籍的封面文字the weekend gardener, 与园艺有关。
3. I want to be able to install a small solar panel system for my house in college (which
I will have for 2 more years but want to take the panels with me) but a serious solar panel system could cost upwards of $20, 000 and I obviously can’t afford that! Any ideas or suggestions
3.F关键信息install a small solar panel system, 安装太阳能系统, 这与节能有关, 因此匹配F书籍封面文字SAVE energy SAVE money。
4. I have the all the SIMS2(模拟人生2) collections. I love house building in this game. I just start from scratch and watch it become beautiful. If I want to build a house exactly like the house I build in the SIMS2, can it be built
4. D关键词house building和build a house, 建房子, 对应有关装修的书籍D的封面标题SAVE $20, 000 with A NAIL。
5. I am talking about Indian Cuisine, and I’m vegetarian... Somehow I need to learn cooking first(I have never entered the kitchen in my life except to make noodles), but now I want to learn cooking, where can I find cheap recipe books
5. C关键信息, learn cooking(学习厨艺), recipe books(食谱), 对应C书籍封面文字... COOKBOOK。
首先请阅读下列有关帮助信息的图片：略，见资料书P103
(7) 学生—提供的帮助信息
1. In other words, what does an international student need to have a good job I can think of high GPA, many extracurricular activities, volunteers, and working (on campus) experience. What else do you suggest Do you have any suggestions of good websites, email, etc.
1. A关键信息what does an international student need to have a good job 和...websites, email, etc. ，这些信息说明该学生想通过网络寻求帮助, 对应A图片的文字...student email...Wireless Internet Access和Student Help Desk。
2. I am hiking with two bags, my b/f and a few things we will need, from Ohio to Florida, to live outside... I guess what I am asking is for tips about camping and fending for oneself outside and with very little money...
2. D题目关键信息hiking和tips about camping and fending, 与此对应D图片的文字WILDNESS SURVIVAL SKILLS, 野外生存技巧。
3. I know it’s a silly question but I’d like
to know. Nobody is supposed to use the elevator in case of fire, so how are people with reduced mobility supposed to get out Is it for that particular reason that we can’t use the elevator, so that they would be available for those who truly need them
3. B关键信息Nobody is supposed to use the elevator, 与电梯有关, 因此匹配B图片的文字Do not use elevator。
4. Sorry, it’s a strange question. I just moved into my dorm and I feel like I have the awful bacterial vaginosis! On the campus website, it says if I make an appointment, they will deal with gynecological problems, for a fee. Should
I take a visit
4. E关键词the awful bacterial vaginosis (一种
疾病)和campus, 与疾病、健康有关的校园服
务, 对应E图片的标题文字CAMPUS HEALTH SREVICE。
5. I have a friend that was arrested
for family violence. He was arrested on Sat. and I am wondering, since bond will not be posted, how long will he be there before he is released
5. F关键词为family violence。
首先请阅读下列有关交流技巧的图片：略, 见资料书P105
(8) 学生—相适应的交流技巧
1. I’m always misunderstood by my friends because I can’t explain my meaning clearly. I have tried my best to express my thoughts, but it does become worse and worse. My tutor told me maybe I can use my body language when I express myself.
1. D共同关键词为body language。
2. When someone holds eye contact with you for an extended period of time(15+ seconds), how do you feel I am aware that some people find direct eye contact intimidating, while others see it as the person showing them respect. What is your point of view
2. E题目关键词eye contact, 该学生不确定长时
间眼睛接触的意义, 寻求帮助, 对应E图片的文字eye contact。
3. I am always busy and my mobile phone rings up constantly when I talk with other people, which really disturbs me, because they said I didn’t put them on my heart. What should I do Any suggestions would be great.
3. C关键信息mobile phone rings up constantly和they said I didn’t put them on my heart, 匹配C图片的文字If the phone rings...。
4. I need to present a speech. It can be an interview, skit, etc. But I am working by myself, what are the points that I should
pay attention to I don’t really like speaking in front of the audiences, and I don’t want to just read off a paper. Please give me some advice! Thanks.
4.B关键信息present a speech, 该生要发表演讲,寻求帮助, 对应B图片的文字...when you are presenting a speech...。
5. I do want to be an attentive listener, but when a person is talking for a long time, the more I try to be attentive, the more I am distracted by what I should be looking at， so I end up fidgeting, and then the person probably thinks I’m not paying attention. Any tips
5. F关键词attentive listener, 对应F图片的文字 Be attentive when listening。
首先请阅读下列与体育运动有关的图片：略, 见资料书P106
(9) 学生—相适应的体育运动
1. Myself and a friend, in order to raise money for charity, want to go on a 7-day live off the land style hike in England. We surf the internet for hiking tips, but we don’t have any practical experience-any suggestions/tips/links
1. F关键信息a 7-day live off the land style hike 和hiking tips, 该学生想去远足, 但没有实践经验, 对应F图片的标题ESSENTIAL TIPS HIKING—远足必备常识。
2. So I’ve loved soccer all my life, my family is Arabian & Italian so they all play it. I really want to join my high school soccer team but the girls are pretty vicious. I don’t want to feel too inexperienced. Endurance isn’t a problem. Any tips for a beginner
2. B关键词soccer(足球)和信息join my high school soccer team, 对应B图片的文字标题FOOTBALL TIPS。
3. I’m a lifeguard, well almost. I have to pass one more test which is a long swim in the open water. The swim is 500 yards and
I can do it in a pool EASY, but yesterday I tried it in the open water, I barely made 2 yards. What should I do Any tips
3. D关键词the open water和swimming, 开
阔水域游泳, 匹配D图片的文字7 Open Water Swimming..., 开阔水域游泳的7个注意事项。
4. I don’t really have much time to exercise except for maybe a 20 minute swimming at night. Will this cut it if I want to loose about 10 pounds quickly If not, how much do I need to exercise and how long will it take to loose 10 pounds
4. E关键信息a 20 minute swimming, 该学生
想减肥, 寻求帮助, 对应E图片的文字Moderate Exercise...swimming 20.min, 适度的运动, 每
天游泳20分钟。
5. Does anybody know of any good places to fly fish in Denver area I know the mountains are a great place but I’m looking for a little creek or stream or something(in the Denver metro area)where I can practice my beginner skills. Any suggestions Thanks!
5. A关键词fly fish, 对应A图片的文字 FLY FISHING。
首先请阅读下列影片海报及相关介绍：略，见资料书P107
(10)学生—相适应的影片
1. I just was thinking the other day about
all my favorite movies and I realized that Steven Spielberg made a bunch of them.
I never really ever considered myself a fan... but I guess maybe I am!
1.D关键词Steven Spielberg。该学生喜欢大卫·斯皮尔
伯格的电影, 对应D —该导演所拍的电影Raiders of the Lost Ark。
2. I love great comedies because they make you laugh and feel good to be alive! My favorites include: Charlie Chaplin films， like The Circus — what a genius! Laurel & hardy films — too many great ones to mention!
2. E关键信息I love great comedies, 喜欢喜剧电影, 匹配E项喜剧电影Some Like It Hot, 选项关键词comedy。
3. If you like music, there’s a good chance you’ll like older ones. My favorite movies are the ones from Gene Kelly’s days... like On the Town, Anchors Aweigh, etc. Other ones I love：West Side Story, Seven Brides for Seven Brothers, White Christmas, An American in Paris.
3. F关键信息If you like music..., 喜欢音乐电影, 匹配F项音乐电影Singin-in the Rain, 选项关键信息musicals of all time。
4. I like the following scenes: Titanic-When Jack made Rose think she is flying and at the end. The Notebook —When Noah and Allie were in the boat feeding the ducks/ gooses and when they kissed in the rain.
4. C关键信息, 主要从该学生喜欢的电影场景判断可知—他喜欢浪漫电影, 匹配C电影Vertigo, 选项关键信息The work is a mesmerizing romantic suspense / thriller...。
5. For anybody to dismiss Aliens as boring, they must have no interest in science, technology, philosophy, history or the art of film-making. Finally I understand why most Hollywood productions are so shallow and vacuous — they understand their audience.
5. A关键词interest in science, technology, 该学生喜欢科幻 / 科技电影, 匹配A项科幻电影2001: A Space Odyssey, 选项关键词science fiction classic。
