人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册Unit 5 Music讲义学案（含答案）

必修2
Unit
5
【核心素养分析】
语言知识?：要求考生掌握并能运用英语词汇、语法基础知识以及所学话题。
1.考纲内要掌握的词汇、短语和句型
项目
单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）
重点单词
1．roll
vt.
&
vi.
滚动；(使)摇摆
n．摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈
2．pretend
vt.假装；假扮
3．attach
vt.
&
vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接
4．form
vt.(使)组成；形成；构成
5．earn
vt.赚；挣得；获得
6．instrument
n．工具；器械；乐器
7．passer
by
n．过路人；行人→passers?by
(pl.)
8．perform
vt.
&
vi.表演；履行；执行→performance
n．表演；演奏
9．broadcast
n．广播；播放
vi.
&
vt.广播；播放
10．humorous_
adj.幽默的→humor
n．幽默
11．familiar
adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
12．attractive
adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的→attract
vt.吸引→attraction
n．吸引，吸引力
13．afterwards
adv.然后；后来
14．sensitive
adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的
15．confident
adj.自信的；确信的→confidence
n．自信
重点短语
1．dream
of　梦见；梦想
2．to
be
honest
说实在的
3．attach...to
附上；认为有(意义)
4．in
cash
用现金
5．play
jokes
on
戏弄
6．rely
on
依靠；依赖
7．be/get
familiar
with
熟悉
8．or
so
大约
9．break
up
打碎；分裂
10．in
addition
另外，也
11．sort
out
分类
12．above
all
最重要；首先
13．be
based
on
以……为基础
14．be
serious
about
对……认真
15．by
cheque
用支票
16．stick
to
坚持
经典句型
（高考书面表达必备）
1．How
does
music
make
you
feel?
音乐使你感觉如何？
2．Sometimes
they
may
play
to
passers－by
in
the
street
or
subway
so
that
they
can
earn
some
extra
money
for
themselves
or
to
pay
for
their
instruments.
有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为路人演奏，以便为自己或自己要买的乐器额外挣些钱。
3．The
musicians
were
to
play
jokes
on
each
other
as
well
as
play
music，most
of
which
was
based
loosely
on
the
Beatles.
组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
必备语法（高级句型）
定语从句
知识点1．pretend
vt.
假装；假扮
【归纳拓展】
pretend
sth.
伪称某事物(尤用做借口)
pretend
to
do...假装做……
pretend
to
be＋n.
(adj.)
假装是……
pretend
to
be
doing...假装正在做……
pretend
to
have
done...
假装已做……
pretend
that－clause
假装……
例句1.
I
had
no
option
but
to?pretend?ignorance.
我别无选择，只能假装不懂。
2.
It
would
be
idle
to?pretend?the
system
is
perfect.
佯称这个系统完美无缺是徒劳的。
3.
I'll?pretend?I
didn't
hear
that.
我会假装没听到这话。
语法填空
1．
I
passed
by
Joan
quickly
without
greeting
her,
______（pretend）not
to
see
her.
2．（黑龙江佳木斯一中）He
pretended
（study）when
his
mother
stepped
into
his
room.
3.
（2019·江西南昌二中月考）She
pretended
________（calm）but
actually
she
was
very
nervous
when
she
was
being
questioned.
知识点2．attach
vt.
系；贴；附加；认为有(重要性等)
【归纳拓展】
attached
adj.
依恋的，留恋的
attachment
n.
[C]附件[C，U]依恋；眷恋；深爱
attach
sth.
to
sth.
把某物系到某物上
attach
yourself
to
sb./sth.
参加，和……在一起
attach
to
sb./sth.与……有联系，与……有关联
be
attached
to
sb./sth.
依恋，留恋
例句1.
Magistrates
will
be
able
to?attach?conditions
when
juveniles
are
remanded.
地方法官将可以在少年犯还押候审时提出附加条件。
2.
Don't
forget
to?attach?your
entry
form.
别忘了附上你的报名表。
3.
Don't?attach?too
much
importance
to
this
report.
不要过于看重这个报告。
语法填空
1．With
a
label
_______（attach）
to
each
luggage,
it
won’t
take
you
long
to
find
yours.
2．（2020·山西期末）The
government
attaches
great
importance
_______
nuclear
energy.
【变式】
1．（2020·江苏淮阴中学月考）______
to
the
gift
was
a
note
on
which
he
expressed
his
appreciation
for
our
reception
during
his
stay
here.
A．Being
attached
B．Attached
C．Attaching
D．Having
attached
2．（2019·江苏省锡山高级中学期中）Climate
change
is
now
a
challenge
that
we
human
beings
are
facing
and
one
_____
the
Chinese
government
has
attached
great
importance.
A．on
which
B．by
which
C．with
which
D．to
which
知识点3．form
vt.
&
vi.
形成；组织；养成；培养n.
形式；表格；形状，外形；状况；精神
【归纳拓展】
form(＝set
up)
a
club
成立俱乐部
form
a
good
habit
养成好习惯
form
the
habit
of＝fall/get
into
the
habit
of
养成……的习惯
form
an
organization
成立一个组织
fill
in
the
form
填表格
in
the
form
of
以……的形式
in/out
of
form
状况良好/不佳
1.
Leconte
showed
good?form.
勒孔特表现得体。
2.
It's
written
in
epistolary?form.
它是用书信体写成的。
3.
Taxpayers
were
bamboozled
by
the
ten-page
tax
return?form.
纳税者被长达10页的纳税申报单搞糊涂了。
【典例3】
语法填空
1．
Reading
is
an
experience
quite
different
from
watching
TV;
there
are
pictures
_______（form）
in
your
mind
instead
of
before
your
eyes.
2．（2019·黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校月考）The
_____
（form）option
would
be
much
more
sensible.
知识点4．earn
vt.赚；挣得；获得
【归纳拓展】
earn
money＝make
money挣钱
earn
one's
respect/reputation
赢得某人尊敬/名誉
earnings
n．所得；收入，工资
earn
sb.sth.使某人赢得/获得……
earn
one's
living＝make
a
living谋生
例句1.
I?earn?my
living
by
conjuring.
我以变魔术为生。
2.
The
children
do
chores
to?earn?extra
pocket
money.
孩子们做家务来赚取额外的零花钱。
3.?Earn?dividends
and
interest
on
your
money.
快让你的钱生股息和利息吧。
完成句子
(1)His
courage
______________________of
his
classmates.他的勇敢博得了同学们的赞扬。
(2)Do
you
know
how
much
he
___________
a
month?你知道他一个月赚多少钱吗？
(3)He
_________________________
by
teaching
at
a
language
school.他在语言学校教书以维持生计。
知识点5．perform
vt.&vi
表演；履行；执行
【归纳拓展】
performance
n.
履行，执行；表演
performer
n.
执行者；表演者
perform
one's
promise
守信；履行诺言
perform
duty
尽职
perform
a
part
in...
在……中扮演角色
perform
an
experiment
做实验
give/put
on
a
performance
演出
【典例5】
1.
Shakira
has
scrapped
plans
to?perform?in
Lebanon.
夏奇拉已经取消了在黎巴嫩演出的计划。
2.
Jesus's
ability
to?perform?miracles
耶稣行神迹的能力
3.
It
hadn't
taken
him
long
to?perform?the
task.
没花太长时间他就完成了任务。
语法填空
1．（北京高三期中）
In
the
early
days,
Beijing
Opera
______
（perform）on
open-air
stages
or
in
teahouses.
2．（2019·重庆南开中学）No
matter
how
frequently
________（perform）,
the
works
of
Beethoven
still
attract
people
all
over
the
world.
3．（2019·上海市嘉定区第二中学期中）Some
psychologists
suggest
that
one
could
improve
his
performance
when
mentally
imagining
himself
________
(perform)
well
at
some
back.
知识点6．be/get
familiar
with熟悉；与……熟悉起来
【归纳拓展】
(1)be
familiar
with
对……熟悉。其主语通常是指“人”的名词；with后的宾语是主语所通晓的事物。
(2)be
familiar
to
为……所熟悉。其主语通常是人们所通晓的人或事物，
to后的宾语常是指“人”的名词。
(3)sb.
be
familiar
with
sb.
某人与某人亲密无间
get
familiar
with和get
familiar
to的区别：意思不同、用法不同、侧重点不同
一、意思不同
1.get
familiar
with意思：熟悉
2.get
familiar
to意思：熟悉；了解
二、用法不同
1.get
familiar
with用法：指由于经常接触或长时间交往而像一家人一样彼此熟悉、了解,以至于言谈自如,甚至不拘礼节,随便甚至放肆。
例句：1.Now?would?be?a?good?time?to?get?familiar?with?the?approach?we?are?using.?
现在，是熟悉一下我们正在使用的方法的时候了。
2.get
familiar
to用法：在句中可用作定语或表语。
例句：
First?get?familiar?with?how?to?deploy?it?to?your?team.?
首先你要熟悉它如何部署在你的团队中。
三、侧重点不同
1.get
familiar
with侧重点：多数指客观存在。
2.get
familiar
to侧重点：多数指抽象的。
【典例6】
语法填空
1．
If
you
are
not
familiar
____
the
topic,
you
may
write
something
that
is
familiar
____
you.
2．
Every
child
who
lives
in
the
mountains
is
familiar
_____
this
kind
of
wild
fruit.
知识点7．confident
adj.自信的；确信的
【归纳拓展】
be
confident
in
sth.对……有信心
be
confident
about/of(doing)sth.对(做)……有把握；确信
be
confident
that...确信；肯定；自信
confidence
n．信心
have
confidence
in对……有信心
confidently
adv.有把握地
【典例7】
语法填空
1．（2020·山西期末）My
roommate
is
a
______
（confidence）person.
He
feels
sure
about
his
own
ability.
2．
In
order
to
keep
their
mother
living
with
them_______
（confident）,
the
couple
deliberately
leave
the
washing-up
for
her
after
meals.
知识点8．devotion
n．投入；热爱；挚爱；献身；虔诚
【归纳拓展】
devote
v．献身；为……付出
devote
oneself
to致力于；献身于；专心于
devoted
adj.挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的
be
devoted
to致力于；献身于；专心于
例句1.
Of
his
Islamic?devotion?there
was
never
any
question.
他对伊斯兰教的虔诚从来无可置疑。
2.
The
core
values
are
credibilities,
team
work,
diligence
and?devotion.
我们公司的核心价值观是诚实守信，团结协作，勤奋努力和乐于奉献。
3.
a
heart-warming
tale
of
two
animals'?devotion?to
each
other
两只动物彼此忠诚的暖心故事
【典例8】
语法填空
1．_______
（devote）almost
all
our
time
to
our
schoolwork
in
the
past
three
months,
we
have
almost
no
time
for
fun
and
play．
2．______（devote）himself
to
his
research
on
the
IT
technology,
he
soon
made
a
breakthrough.
3．
(华中师大一附中期末)The
dog
had
such
______（devote）to
its
master
that
it
would
not
leave
him,
even
when
he
was
dead.
4．（河北高三期中）_____（devote）to
his
research
work,
the
professor
cared
little
about
any
other
things．
知识点9．sensitive
adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的
【归纳拓展】
be
sensitive
to/about对……敏感；对……体贴
sensible
adj.明智的，合理的
sense
n．感官，感觉
vt.发觉，意识到
例句1.
anti-ageing
creams
and?sensitive-skin
preparations
抗衰老面霜及用于敏感皮肤的制剂
2.
Polaroid
film
is
very?sensitive.
宝丽来胶卷感光性非常强。
3.
Environmentally,
it's
a
very?sensitive?area.
从环境上看，这是个很敏感的地区。
【典例9】
语法填空
1．
She
is
sensitive
________
what
people
think
of
her.
Do
be
cautious
not
to
offend
her
feelings.
2．（南京外国语学校月考）The
elderly
need
special
care
in
winter,
as
they
are
_____（sense）
to
the
sudden
change
of
weather.
完成句子
①他很忌讳别人说他胖。He
his
weight.
②她很能体谅他人的感情。She
is
very
other
people's
feelings.
知识点10．to
be
honest
说实在的；实话说
【归纳拓展】
honestly
speaking
老实说
to
tell
the
truth
说实话，老实说
to
be
honest
with
you
跟你说实话
be
honest
with
sb.
about
sth.
关于某事对……坦诚
be
honest
in
doing
sth.
在做某事方面坦诚
It
is
honest
of
sb.
to
do
sth.
……在干……方面诚实。
词义拓展提起老实说，很多人脑海里自然而然出现“To
be
honest”。其实除了可以这样说，还可以用别的表达方式哟!
1.To
be
candid
To
be
candid,
I
love
the
girl.
老实说，我发誓，我爱那女孩。
2.Frankly
Frankly,
I
think
you
are
talking
nonsense.
老实说,我认为你是在讲废话
3.In
all
honesty
In
all
honesty
he
had
to
admit
that
he
was
glad.
老实说他得承认他很高兴。
4.In
fact
In
fact,
I
think
you're
right.
老实说，我认为你是对的。
5.As
a
matter
of
fact
As
a
matter
of
fact,I
am
hungry.
老实说，我饿了。
6.Being
honest
Being
honest,
you
'll
make
a
fortune
out
of
it.
老实说，你可以从中赚一大笔
【典例10】
语法填空
1．_______（be）
honest,
my
father
never
tells
lies
but
______（be）honest,
I
don’t
think
it
a
good
way
to
live.
2．（浙江期末）______________（honest）
speaking,
I
would
agree
with
Cathy,
though
not
entirely.
3．（2020·天津高三）Chinese
students
overseas
are
encouraged
to
return,
as
long
as
they
______________（honest）fill
out
medical
forms
and
strictly
follow
the
quarantine
rules.
4．（新疆月考）Jack
has
had
no
previous
experience
of
this
kind
of
job，but
he
got
the
job
offer
just
due
to
his
______________（honest）.
知识点11．play
jokes/a
joke
on
戏弄……；和……开玩笑
【归纳拓展】
have
a
joke
with
sb.
和某人开玩笑
make
a
joke/jokes
about
sb./sth.
关于某人/某事说笑话
play
tricks
on
sb.＝make
fun
of
sb.
和……开玩笑；捉弄某人
make
a
fool
of
愚弄
laugh
at
嘲笑
扩展资料：
joke的基本意思是“笑话,玩笑”,指引人发笑的谈话或故事,也指供人当作笑料的事情。可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。
joke作“可笑的人、事物、情形”解时,多用于单数形式,可与不定冠词连用。
joke作动词时意思是“开玩笑”“取笑”,不仅指“言”,而且还指“行”,是不及物动词,常用于进行体。
“和某人开玩笑”是joke
with
sb;
“拿某事开玩笑”是joke
about
sth;
“拿某事和某人开玩笑”是joke
with
sb
about
sth。习语You
must
be〔have
got
to
be〕
joking的意思是“你一定是(在)开玩笑”。
【典例11】
完成句子
(1)It's
not
proper
to
____________________
others
in
public.在公众场所捉弄别人是不恰当的。
(2)She
was
__________________________
you.她在跟你开玩笑。
(3)Don't
________________________
the
handicapped.不要说关于残疾人的笑话。
知识点12．rely
on
依靠，信赖；指望
【归纳拓展】
(1)依靠，依赖。同live
on
或
depend
on
“依赖……”。
rely
on
one's
own
efforts
依靠自己的努力
(2)信任，依赖。同
believe
in,
depend
on。
rely
on/upon
sb.
to
do
sth.
指望某人做某事
rely
on/upon
sb.
doing
sth.
相信某人会做某事
rely
on/upon
it
that...
相信……(事情)，指望……
同义词拓展
depend
on,
rely
on,
rest
on区别为：词意不同、侧重点不同、用法不同。
一、词意不同
1、depend
on：depend
on表示取决于；依附。
2、?rely
on：?rely
on表示凭借，依托。
3、rest
on：rest
on表示停留在，依靠。
二、侧重点不同
1、depend
on：depend
on侧重于客观事物。
2、?rely
on：?rely
on侧重于虚指事。
3、rest
on：rest
on侧重于行为。
三、用法不同
1、depend
on：用于客观事物：Some?of
them?depend?on?what?your?program?does.?
其中一些取决于您的程序要做什么。
2、rely
on：?rely
on用于虚指事物：Therefore,?we
are?not
to?rely?on?feelings,?but?to
have?faith?in?the
facts.?
因此，我们不能依靠我们的感觉，而是要将信心建立在事实上。
3、rest
on：用于行为：You?should
have?a?rest?on?weekends.?
你应该在周末休息一下的。
【典例12】
语法填空
1．（2019·黑龙江铁人中学月考）You
may
rely
on____
that
he
will
come
here
to
give
us
a
hand.
2．
Our
monitor
is
the
first
person
we
can
think
of
________（relay）on,
for
he
is
always
willing
to
help
whoever
is
in
trouble.
3.
In
the
modern
society,
computers
are
largely
______
（relay）on
to
help
us
organize
daily
life
and
work.
4．（吉林长春外国语学校期末）You
can’t
rely________
him
to
pick
you
up.
He
is
still
a
green
hand.
完成句子
(1)Nowadays
we
______
increasingly
______
computers
______
help.
现今我们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。
(2)You
can
____________
me
________________
your
secret.
你尽管相信我一定为你保密。
(3)I
________________________________
early.
我指望你早来。
(4)You
can
__________________________
he
will
come.
你放心
，他会来的。
知识点13.
break
up
分解；驱散，拆散；打碎；结束；散会；(关系)破裂；停课，放假
【归纳拓展】
(1)break
away
from
脱离
(2)break
down
分解，出毛病，(计划、谈判)失败；(谈话、通讯)中断
(3)break
into
闯入
(4)break
in
强行进入，插话
(5)break
off
打断，折断
(6)break
out
爆发，发生(不用于被动语态)
(7)break
through
突破
1.（使）分裂；（被）拆分；(使）破碎
Civil
war
could
come
if
the
country
breaks
up...
如果国家分裂就会爆发内战。
2恋人）分手；（夫妻）结束关系
My
girlfriend
had
broken
up
with
me...
我的女朋友已跟我分手了。
3.（婚姻关系）破裂；结束（婚姻关系）
MPs
say
they
work
too
hard
and
that
is
why
so
many
of
their
marriages
break
up...
国会议员们声称他们工作过于辛劳，因而导致他们当中很多人婚姻破裂
【典例13】
【变式】
用break
away
from，break
down，break
out，break
up填空
①The
relationship
between
the
two
countries
for
the
spy
event.
②It
was
reported
that
a
violent
earthquake
in
that
area.
③If
you
go
on
working
like
that，you
will
sooner
or
later.
④I
her
and
race
for
the
door.
写出下列break
up的意思。
(1)The
ice
will
break
up
when
the
warm
weather
comes.______________________
(2)The
police
came
and
broke
up
the
crowd.________
(3)The
meeting
broke
up
at
eleven
o'clock.__________
(4)Some
sentences
can
break
up
into
clauses.______
(5)Their
marriage
is
breaking
up._______________
知识点14．in
addition另外
【归纳拓展】
①addition
n．[U]加；附加；加法[C]增加物；附加物
②in
addition
to
除……之外(还)
additional
adj.
附加的；另外的
【易混易错】
in
addition/in
addition
to
in
addition
另外(＝as
well)，相当于连接副词。
in
addition
to
除……之外(还)(＝as
well
as)，用作介词。
The
products
are
nice.In
addition，the
price
is
low.
产品优秀。另外，价格低廉。
She
can
speak
French
and
Japanese
in
addition
to
English.除英语外，她还会说法语和日语。
“除了……”词语总结：
in
addition
to
除……之外(还有)
besides
除了……之外(还有)
except
除了……之外(别无)
apart
from
除了……之外(还有)；除了……之外(别无)
【典例14】
语法填空
1．In
addition
_______
the
physical
benefits,
aerobic
exercises
have
emotional
benefits.
2．
She
won’t
mind
your
being
late.
In
_______(add),
it’s
hardly
your
fault.
知识点15.
sort
out分类，整理，选出
【归纳拓展】
sort
out
sth.from...从……中把……区别出来，辨别出来
sort...into...把……分类
sort
of＝kind
of有点儿，稍微(作副词用，修饰其后的形容词和动词)
all
sorts
of...各种各样的……
[例句]Sort
out
all
your
bills,
receipts,
invoices
and
expenses
as
quickly
as
possible
and
keep
detailed
accounts.
尽快整理好你所有的账单、收据、发票和开支，并记好账目明细。
【典例15】
完成句子
①我一定要把明天穿的衣服整理好。
I
must
my
clothes
for
tomorrow.
②我在工作中和各种各样的人打交道。
In
my
job，I
met
with
people.
知识点16.
above
all
首先；最重要的是；特别是；尤其
【归纳拓展】
above
all＝most
important
of
all(强调地位上的重要性)
first
of
all
“首先，第一”，强调顺序
at
all
根本，全然
in
all
总共，共计
after
all
终究，毕竟
all
in
all
总之
1.Social?services?departments?must?accept,?above?all,?the?role?of?the?parents.?
社会服务部门必须认可的，首先是父母的角色。
2.Our?goods?compete?in?terms?of?product?quality,?reliability?and?above?all?variety?
我们的产品在质量、可靠性，尤其是品种方面颇具竞争力。
【典例16】
完成句子
(1)He
longs
________________
to
see
his
family
again.他尤其渴望再见到家里的人。
(2)_________________________，
let
them
introduce
themselves
to
us.首先，让他们向我们作自我介绍。
(3)___________________________，
he
didn't
agree
with
what
his
son
said.总之，他没同意他儿子所说的话。
(4)He
has
done
it
well.
_________________，
he
is
only
a
learner.这件事他做得很好了，毕竟，他只是个初学者。
【语法精析】
考点1
“make
＋宾语＋宾补”结构
【教材原句】How
does
music
make
you
feel？(P33)音乐使你有什么感受？
【句法分析】本句中make
you
feel
属于“make
＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补是不带to
的动词不定式。
【例句研读】
He
was
the
youngest，but
they
decided
to
make
him
captain.尽管他最年轻，但他们仍决定选他当队长。
Taking
some
medicine
made
me
feel
much
better.服了药，我感觉好多了。
【考点聚焦】“make
＋宾语＋宾补”结构
【典例17】
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①His
appearance
made
me
(laugh)．
②Can
you
make
yourself
(understand)in
English?
考点2
had
planned
表示“原计划做某事(但没有实现)
【教材原句】The
TV
organizers
had
planned
to
find
four
musicians
who
could
act
as
well
as
sing.(P34)电视制作人原计划寻找四位既能唱歌又能表演的乐手。
【句法分析】
句中had
planned
表示“原计划做某事(但没有实现)”。动词hope，expect，think，intend，mean，want，suppose，plan用过去完成时，表示“本希望/本打算/本想……(但没有实现)”，含有惋惜之意。
【例句研读】
I
had
hoped
that
I
could
do
the
work.
我本希望我能做这项工作。
【考点聚焦】had
planned
表示“原计划做某事(但没有实现)
【典例18】
翻译句子
①我本打算来看你，但是当时太忙了。(intend)
②我本打算赶上第一班公交车，但是我起晚了。(mean)
考点3
“not...
without...”，该结构表示肯定含义，意思是“没有……就不……
【教材原句】Freddy
and
his
band
could
not
go
out
anywhere
without
being
followed.(P38)
弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪里都会有人跟随。
【句法分析】本句中含有一个双重否定结构，即“not...
without...”，该结构表示肯定含义，意思是“没有……就不……”。否定词也可以用never，no等。
【例句研读】
They
two
can
never
talk
without
laughing.
他们两个谈话没有不笑的时候。
常见的双重否定结构还有：
no(never/hardly)．..without...
没有……不……；除……不
cannot...too...
越……越……无论怎样……也不为过
【考点聚焦】“not...
without...”，该结构表示肯定含义，意思是“没有……就不……
【典例19】
选择题
A
serious
study
of
physics
is
impossible
some
knowledge
of
mathematics.
A．against　　　　　　B．before
C．beyond
D．without
【变式】
完成句子
①未经允许谁也不准进入这个房间。
is
to
enter
the
room
permission.
②没有空气人就不能生存。
People
live
air.
考点4
as
if(though)好像
【教材原句】Their
personal
life
was
regularly
discussed
by
people
who
did
not
know
them
but
talked
as
if
they
were
close
friends.(P38)一些不认识他们的人也在不断地讨论他们的私生活，而且就像是他们的密友一样在谈论他们。
【句法分析】本句中，who至句末是定语从句，其中but连接两个并列的谓语动词did
not
know和talked，在这个定语从句中，含有as
if引导的方式状语从句修饰talked。
【例句研读】
She
left
the
room
hurriedly
as
if(she
was)angry.
她匆忙离开房间，好像很生气。
She
looks
as
if
she's
going
to
cry.
她看起来似乎要哭了。
①当as
if/though引导的从句与事实不符或相反时，从句要用虚拟语气，形式如下：
与现在事实相反
从句谓语用一般过去时态(be用were，单数第三人称可用was)
与过去事实相反
从句谓语用过去完成时
与将来事实不符
从句谓语用would/should/could/might＋动词原形
②as
if/though后接从句时，若主句和从句的主语一致，从句又含有be，则可以省去从句的主语和be，出现状语从句的省略。
【考点聚焦】as
if(though)好像
【典例20】
选择题
Don't
handle
the
vase
as
if
it
made
of
steel.
A．is　　　
B．
were
C．has
been
D．
had
been
【变式】
完成句子
①看起来海水好像不干净，不能在这儿游泳。
It
looks
the
sea
water
isn't
clean
enough
to
swim
here.
②他快步跑回家，看上去好像有什么事不对劲。
He
quickly
ran
home，looking
there
was
something
wrong
with
him.
考点5
before的用法
【教材原句】At
last
feeling
very
upset
and
sensitive,
Freddy
and
his
band
realized
that
they
must
leave
the
country
before
it
became
too
painful
for
them.最后，由于深感苦恼，神经高度紧张，弗雷迪和他的乐队意识到他们必须在自己感到太痛苦之前离开这个国家。
【句法分析】before做连词表示时间时，根据其在句中的实际情况，译法有多种，具体可译为：
(1)在……之前
(2)……(之后)才……
(3)(不多久)就……
(4)以免……
(5)还没来得及……就……
(6)(宁愿……)也不愿……
【例句研读】
①We
lived
in
Paris
before
moving
to
London.我们搬到伦敦之前住在巴黎。
②It
was
a
long
time
before
I
got
to
sleep
again.很长一段时间之后我才重新入睡。
③It
wasn’t
long
before
she
came
back.不久她就回来了。
④Lock
your
bike
before
it
gets
stolen.锁好你的自行车，以免被偷。
⑤Before
John
stopped
her,
she
ran
out.约翰还没来得及阻止她，她就跑了出去。
⑥I’d
shoot
myself
before
I
apologized
to
her.我宁死也不向她道歉。
【典例21】
You
can’t
borrow
books
from
the
school
library
______
you
get
your
student
card.
A．before　　　　　　　　B．if
C．while
D．As
考点6
more
than＋数词，“……以上；多于……”，等于
over
【教材原句】Music
is
more_than
just
sound.
音乐决不仅仅是声音。
【句法分析】more
than＋数词，“……以上；多于……”，等于
over
＋名词，“不仅仅；不只；超过；远不止”
＋动词，“十分；大大地；远远地；不仅仅”
＋...can/could＋v.“不能”
＋adj./adv.，“非常；十分；更加”
拓展：(1)more＋adj./n.＋than＋adj./n..与其说……倒不如说……
(2)no
more
than＋num.＝only
仅仅
(3)not
more
than＋num.＝at
most
至多
(4)no
more＋adj./adv.＋than...和……一样不……
(5)not
more＋adj./adv.＋than...
不如……
(6)more
than
one
“不止一个”，做主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数。
【例句研读】
①By
then
he
was
more
than
fifty.
那时他已经50多岁了。
②Peace
is
much
more
than
the
absence
of
war.
和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。
③He
more
than
smiled;
he
laughed
out.
他岂止是微笑，他简直是大笑了。
④That's
more
than
I
can
tell
you.
这一点我是不能告诉你的。
⑤He
is
more
than
selfish.
他非常自私。
【典例22】
单项选择
1．（北京四中期末）Appreciating
poetry
is
______
getting
to
know
the
structure
of
every
sentence.
A．much
more
B．more
than
C．rather
than
D．no
more
than
2．（2020·天津一中期末）According
to
the
statistics,
Chinese
families
own
_____
private
cars
today
as
they
did
in
the
1990s.
A．more
than
twice
B．as
twice
as
many
C．twice
as
many
as
D．more
than
twice
as
many
3．（2019·江苏南京师大附中期中）Good-looking
women
are
______
to
be
turned
down
for
a
job
interview
as
unattractive
ones,
claims
a
study.
A．twice
as
likely
as
B．as
likely
twice
C．more
than
likely
as
D．more
than
twice
as
likely
【变式】
(1)Lizzie
was
______
to
see
her
friend
off
at
the
airport.
A．a
little
more
than
sad
B．more
than
a
little
sad
C．sad
more
than
a
little
D．a
little
more
than
sad
(2)—Tom
is
very
stupid.
He
failed
to
pass
the
exam
once
again.
—He
is
______
than
stupid.
A．lazier
B．no
lazier
C．more
lazy
D．lazier
rather
A
The
Healthy
Habits
Survey（调查）shows
that
only
about
one
third
of
American
seniors
have
correct
habits.
Here
are
some
findings
and
expert
advice.
1.How
many
times
did
you
brush
your
teeth
yesterday?
·Finding：A
full
33%
of
seniors
brush
their
teeth
only
once
a
day.
·Step：Remove
the
300
types
of
bacteria
in
your
mouth
each
morning
with
a
battery-operated
toothbrush.
Brush
gently
for
2
minutes,
at
least
twice
a
day.
2.How
many
times
did
you
wash
your
hands
or
bathe
yesterday?
·Finding：Seniors,
on
average,
bathe
fewer
than
3
days
a
week.
And
nearly
30%wash
their
hands
only
4
times
a
day-half
of
the
number
doctors
recommend.
·Step：We
touch
our
faces
around
3,000
times
a
day-often
inviting
germs（病菌）to
enter
our
mouth,
nose,
and
eyes.
Use
toilet
paper
to
avoid
touching
the
door
handle.
And,
most
important,
wash
your
hands
often
with
hot
running
water
and
soap
for
20
seconds.
3.
How
often
do
you
think
about
fighting
germs?
·Finding：Seniors
are
not
fighting
germs
as
well
as
they
should.
·Step：Be
aware
of
germs.
Do
you
know
it
is
not
your
toilet
but
your
kitchen
sponge（海绵）that
can
carry
more
germs
than
anything
else?
To
kill
these
germs,
keep
your
sponge
in
the
microwave
for
10
seconds.
56.
What
is
found
out
American
seniors?
A.
Most
of
then
have
good
habits.
B.
Nearly
30%of
then
bathe
three
days
a
week
.
C.
All
of
then
are
fighting
germs
better
than
expected
.
D.
About
one
third
of
them
brush
their
teeth
only
once
a
day
57.
Doctors
suggest
that
people
should
wash
their
hands
.
A.
twice
a
day
B.
three
times
a
day
C.
four
times
a
day
D.
eight
times
a
day
58.Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
text
?
A.
We
should
keep
from
touching
our
faces
.
B.
There
are
less
than
300
types
of
bacteria
in
the
mouth
.
C．A
kitchen
sponge
can
carry
more
germs
than
a
toilet
.
D.
We
should
wash
our
hands
before
touching
a
door
handle
.
59.
The
text
probably
comes
from
.
A.
a
guide
book
B.
a
popular
magazine
C.
a
book
review
D
.an
official
document
B
Using
too
much
water
or
throwing
rubbish
into
our
rivers
are
clear
ways
that
humans
can
Put
our
water
supply
in
danger
,but
we
also
affect
our
water
supply
in
less
obvious
ways
.
You
may
wonder
how
paving(铺砌)
a
road
can
lead
to
less
useable
fresh
water
.
A
major
Part
of
the
water
we
use
every
day
is
groundwater
.
Groundwater
does
not
come
from
lakes
or
rivers
.It
come
from
underground
.
The
more
roads
and
parking
lots
we
pave
,the
less
water
can
Flow
into
the
ground
to
become
groundwater
.
Human
activity
is
not
responsible
for
all
water
shortages(短缺).
Driver
climates
are
of
course
more
likely
to
have
droughts(干旱)
than
areas
with
more
rainfall
,but
in
any
case,
good
management
can
help
to
make
sure
there
is
enough
water
to
meet
our
basic
needs
.
Thinking
about
the
way
we
use
water
every
day
can
make
a
big
difference
,too
In
the
United
States
,a
family
of
four
can
use
1.5tons
of
water
a
day
!
This
shows
how
much
we
depend
on
water
to
live
,but
there’s
a
lot
we
can
do
to
lower
the
number
.
You
can
take
steps
to
save
water
in
your
home
.To
start
with
,use
the
same
glass
for
your
drinking
water
all
day
.Wash
it
only
once
a
day
.Run
your
dishwasher
(洗碗机)only
when
it
is
full
。Help
your
parents
fix
any
leaks
in
your
home
.
You
can
even
help
to
keep
our
water
supply
clean
by
recycling
batteries
instead
of
throwing
them
away
.
60.
Which
of
the
following
is
most
likely
to
lead
to
less
groundwater
?
A.
Using
river
water
.
B
.Throwing
batteries
away
.
C.
paving
parking
lots
.
D.
Throwing
rubbish
into
lakes
.
61.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
text
?
A.
All
water
shortages
are
due
to
human
behavior
.
B.
It
takes
a
lot
of
effort
to
meet
our
water
needs
.
C.
There
is
much
we
can
do
to
reduce
family
size
.[]
D.
The
average
family
in
America
makes
proper
use
of
water
.
62.
The
last
paragraph
is
intended
to
.
A.
show
us
how
to
fix
leaks
at
home
B.
tell
us
how
to
run
a
dishwasher
C.
prove
what
drinking
glass
is
best
for
us
D.
suggest
what
we
do
to
save
water
at
home
63.
The
text
is
mainly
about
.
A.
Why
paving
roads
reduces
our
water
B.
how
much
we
depend
on
water
to
live
C.
why
droughts
occur
more
in
dry
climates
D.
how
human
activity
affects
our
water
supply
C
When
19-year-old
Sophia
Giorgi
said
she
was
thinking
of
volunteering
to
help
the
Make-A-Wish
Foundation
(基金会)，nobody
understood
what
she
was
talking
about
.But
Sophia
knew
just
how
important
Make
–
A
–Wish
could
be
because
this
special
organization
had
helped
to
make
a
dream
come
true
for
one
her
best
friends
.We
were
interested
in
finding
out
more
,so
we
went
along
to
meet
Sophia
listen
to
what
she
had
to
say
.
Sophia
told
us
that
Make
–
A
–Wish
is
a
worldwide
organization
that
started
in
the
United
States
in
1980.”It’s
a
charity(慈善机构)that
helps
children
who
have
got
very
serious
illnesses.
Make
–
A
–Wish
help
children
feel
happy
even
though
they
are
sick,
by
making
their
wishes
and
dreams
come
true
,”
Sophia
explained
.
We
asked
Sophia
how
Make
–
A
–Wish
had
first
started
.She
said
it
had
all
begun
with
a
very
sick
young
boy
called
Chris
,who
had
been
dreaming
for
a
long
time
of
becoming
a
policeman
.Sophia
said
lots
of
people
had
wanted
to
find
a
way
to
make
Chris’s
dream
come
true
----so,
with
everybody’s
help
,
Chris,
only
seven
years
old
at
the
time
,had
been
a
“policeman”
for
a
day
.”
when
people
saw
how
delighted
Chris
was
when
his
dream
came
true,
they
decided
to
try
and
help
other
sick
children
too
,and
that
was
the
beginning
of
Make
–
A
–Wish,”
explained
Sophia
Sophia?also?told?us?the?Foundation?tries?to?give?children?and?their?families?a?special,?happy?time.?A?Make-A-Wish?volunteer?visits?the?families?and?asks?the?children?what?they?would?wish?for?if?they?could?have?anything?in?the?world.?Sophia?said?the?volunteers?were?important?because?they?were?the?ones?who?helped?to?make?the?wishes?come?true.?They?do?this?either?by?providing?things?that?are?necessary,?or?by?raising?money?or?helping?out?in?whatever?way?they?can.
64.?Sophia?found?out?about?Make-A-Wish?because?her?best?friend?had???.
??
??A.?benefited?from?it?????B.?volunteered?to?help?it?
C.?dreamed?about?it?????D.?told?the?author?about?it
65.?According?to?Sophia,?
Make-A-Wish????????.
????A.?is?an?international?charity
B.?was?understood?by?nobody?at?first
C.?raises?money?for?very?poor?families
D.?started?by?drawing?the?interest?of?the?public
66.
What
is
said
about
Chris
in
Paragraph3?
A.
He
has
been
a
policeman
since
he
was
seven.
B.
He
gave
people
the
idea
of
starting
Make-A-Wish
C.
He
wanted
people
to
help
make
his
dream
come
true.
D.
He
was
the
first
child
Make-A-Wish
helped
after
it
had
been
set
up.
67.
Which
of
the
following
is
true
about
Make-A-Wish
volunteers?
A.
They
are
important
for
making
wishes
come
true.
B.
They
try
to
help
children
get
over
their
illnesses.
C.
They
visit
sick
children
to
make
them
feel
special.
D.
They
provide
what
is
necessary
to
make
Make-A-Wish
popular.
D
“People
are
ruder
today
because
they
are
rushed
and
more
‘time
poor’
than
ever
before,”
says
Patsy
Rowe,
“
Manners
have
fallen
off
the
radar(雷达).”
Due
to
our
strong
attraction
to
electronic
equipment
it
is
a
wonder
more
people
don’t
wake
up
each
morning
and
greet
the
singing
birds
with
a
complaint（抱怨）about
the
noise.
Here
are
some
examples
of
rudeness.
Some
people
prefer
to
do
almost
everything
over
the
internet.
To
them,
dealing
with
an
actual
human
is
like
an
evolutionary
step
backward.
It
feels
very
slow
because
humans
don’t
work
at
4G
speeds.
When
you
have
dinner
with
friends,
you
will
often
notice
someone
paying
more
attention
to
his
mobile
phone.
We
have
programmed
ourselves
to
think
that
every
new
message
brings
life-changing
news,
so
taking
calls
and
checking
our
texts
are
more
important
than
talking
to
the
people
we
are
with.
What
is
worse,
some
people
even
tend
to
send
anonymous（匿名的）
rude
messages
by
email.
However,
rudeness
is
never
acceptable,
Don’t
assume
it
is
OK
to
be
rude
if
the
person
you’re
in
touch
with
won’t
recognize
you.
If
you
have
something
awful
to
say,
have
the
courage
to
face
the
person
and
say
it,
write
a
letter
or
email
and
sign
it,
or
forget
it.
Upsetting
people
with
unsigned
messages
is
cruel
and
disgusting.
We
shouldn′t
blame
technology
for
our
shortcomings.
Technology
is
here
to
help
us,
but
we
should
not
allow
it
to
take
over
our
lives.
An
important
step
is
acknowledging
our
shortcomings.
People
spend
a
lot
of
time
pointing
out
bad
manners
but
it
would
be
even
more
help
if
we′d
publicly
acknowledge
good
manners
when
we
see
them.
68.What
can
be
inferred
from
the
underlined
sentence
in
Paragraph
I?
A．People
can
tell
good
from
bad
behavior.
B．Radar
is
able
to
observe
human
behavior.
C．People
care
little
about
their
behavior.
D．Radar
can
be
used
to
predict
human
behavior.
69.Some
people
are
less
willing
to
deal
with
humans
because
A．they
are
becoming
less
patient
B．they
are
growing
too
independent
C．they
have
to
handle
many
important
messages
D．they
have
to
follow
an
evolutionary
step
backward.
70.The
author
thinks
sending
unsigned
awful
messages
is
A．Ridiculous
B．disgusting
C．acceptable
D．reasonable
71.What
can
we
learn
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．We
should
applaud
good
behabior.
B．Technology
can
neber
be
blamed
C．We
should
keep
pointing
out
mistakes.
D．Technology
will
take
over
lives
one
day.
E
Argentina
in
the
late
nineteenth
century
was
an
exciting
place.
Around
1870，it
was
experiencing
an
economic(经济的)boom，and
the
capital，Buenos
Aires，attracted
many
people.
Farmers，as
well
as
a
flood
of
foreigners
from
Spain
and
Italy，came
to
Buenos
Aires
seeking
jobs.
These
jobs
didn't
pay
well，and
the
people
felt
lonely
and
disappointed
with
their
new
life
in
the
city.
As
the
unhappy
newcomers
mixed
together
in
the
poor
parts
of
the
city，the
dance
known
as
the
tango(探戈舞)
came
into
being.
At
the
beginning
the
tango
was
a
dance
of
the
lower
classes.
It
was
danced
in
the
bars
and
streets.
At
that
time
there
were
many
fewer
women
than
men，so
if
a
man
didn't
want
to
be
left
out，his
only
choice
was
to
dance
with
another
man
so
that
he
could
attract
the
attention
of
the
few
available
women.
Gradually，the
dance
spread
into
the
upper
classes
of
Argentinean
society
and
became
more
respectable.
In
Europe
at
this
time，strong
interest
in
dance
from
around
the
world
was
beginning.
The
interest
in
international
dance
was
especially
evident
in
Paris.
Every
kind
of
dance
from
ballet(芭蕾舞)
to
belly
dancing
could
be
found
on
the
stages
of
the
Paris
theaters.
After
tango
dancers
from
Argentina
arrived
in
Europe，they
began
to
draw
the
interest
of
the
public
as
they
performed
their
exciting
dance
in
cafes.
Though
not
everyone
approved
of
the
new
dance，saying
it
was
a
little
too
shocking，the
dance
did
find
enough
supporters
to
make
it
popular.
The
popularity(流行)of
the
tango
continued
to
grow
in
many
other
parts
of
the
world.
Soldiers
who
returned
to
the
United
States
from
World
War
Ⅰ
brought
the
tango
to
North
America.
It
reached
Japan
in
1926，and
in
2003
the
Argentinean
embassy
in
Seoul
hired
a
local
tango
dancer
to
act
as
a
kind
of
dance
ambassador，and
promote
tango
dancing
throughout
South
Korea.
72．The
origin
of
the
tango
is
associated
with________．
A．belly
dancers
B．American
soldiers
C．a
Spanish
city
D．the
capital
of
Argentina
73．Which
of
the
following
is
true
about
the
tango?
A．It
was
created
by
foreigners
from
Spain
and
Italy.
B．People
of
the
upper
classes
loved
the
tango
most.
C．It
was
often
danced
by
two
males
in
the
beginning.
D．A
dancer
in
Seoul
became
the
Argentinean
ambassador.
74．Before
World
War
Ⅰ，the
tango
spread
to________．
A．America
B．Japan
C．France
D．South
Korea
75．What
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．How
to
Dance
the
Tango
B．The
History
of
the
Tango
C．How
to
Promote
the
Tango
D．The
Modern
Tango
Boom
第三部分：
56.D
57.D
58.C
59.B
60.C
61.B
62.D
63.D
64.A
65.A
66.B
67.A
68.C
69.A
70.B
71.A
72.D
73.C
74.C
75.B