Unit7
Lesson3
1．composer
n．[C]作曲家→compose
vt．&
vi．创作(音乐)，作曲vt．撰写(信函、讲稿、诗歌等)→composition
n．[U]成分，构成；作曲，创作；[C](音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品
2．respond
vi．作出反应，响应vt．&vi．(口头或书面)回答，回应→response
n．[C,
U]反应，响应；回答，答复
3．tense
adj．紧张的→tension
n．[U,
C,
usually
pl.]紧张局势（或关系、状况）[U]
（情绪上的）紧张，烦躁
4．conductor
n．指挥→conduct
vt．&
vi．组织；实施；执行；指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏)
5．hesitate
vt．&vi．犹豫，迟疑→hesitant
adj．犹豫的→hesitation
n．[C,U]
犹豫
6．joyous
adj．欢乐的，令人愉快的→
joy
n．[U]
高兴；愉快；喜悦
[C]
令人高兴的人（或事）；乐事；乐趣
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词
▲高频词
★1.
compose
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)vt.
&
vi.
创作(音乐)，作曲vt.
撰写(信函、讲稿、诗歌等)
(2)vt.
组成，构成(一个整体)。不用于进行时。
be
composed
of(=
consist
of/be
made
up
of)
(整体)由……组成/构成
?Water
is
composed
of/is
made
up
of/
consists
of
hydrogen
and
oxygen.
水由氢和氧组成。
(3)词性拓展：
composer
n.[C]作曲家，创作者
composition
n.[U]成分，构成；作曲，创作；[C](音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品
【练习】1.用
compose的适当形式填空
①
He
is
a
famous
composer
of
pop
music
and
has
composed
more
than
200
pieces
of
music
already.
②
(2020·河南郑州外国语学校月考)A
well-written
composition
calls
for
a
good
choice
of
words
and
clear
organization.
2.完成句子：我们班目前由12名男生和8名女生组成。
Our
class
is
composed
of或
is
made
up
of或consists
of
twelve
boys
and
eight
girls
now.
▲★2.
struggle
Inspired
by
his
struggles
with
deafness,
the
composer
produced
some
amazing
pieces,
including
nine
symphonies,
five
piano
pieces,
and
an
opera!
这位作曲家从与耳聋的抗争中受到启发，创作出一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九部交响曲，五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧!
(教材P14)
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[C]斗争，奋斗，努力；难事
struggles
with/
against...
克服……的努力
a
struggle
between...and...
……与……之间的斗争
It’s
(not)
a
struggle
to
do
sth.
做某事(不)是件难事。
a
struggle
with
sb.
(for/
against
sth.)
(为/反对某事)与某人的斗争
?She
spoke
of
her
struggles
with/
against
shyness.她谈到了自己是如何努力克服羞怯的。
?It
was
a
real
struggle
to
complete
this
task
before
the
weekend.周末前完成这项任务绝非易事。
(2)vi.
奋斗，努力；斗争；搏斗，挣扎脱身
struggle
with/
against...
为……奋斗/斗争
struggle
with/against...
和……斗争
struggle
to
do
sth.
努力做某事
struggle
to
one’s
feet
挣扎着站起来
?Fish
will
struggle
for
survival
when
the
water
level
drops
in
the
lake.湖水水位下降时，鱼会拼命挣扎求生。
?He
struggled
against
cancer
for
ten
years.
他同癌症抗争了十年。
?The
government
struggled
to
maintain
law
and
order.
政府努力维持治安。
?The
man
struggle
to
his
feet
and
went
on.
那个人费劲地站起来，继续往前走。
【练习】语法填空
①
(2019·江苏阅读理解改编)He
struggled
to
explain
(explain)
what
he
heard
in
his
head.
[他脑子里听到的]
②
We
still
have
to
struggle
with/against
all
kinds
of
difficulties.
③
In
1862,
the
American
black
people
won
their
struggle
for
equal
rights
after
many
years’
fighting
against
the
white.
④
Jane
Eyre,
by
Charlotte
Bronte,
is
a
story
of
a
young
woman’s
struggle
to
find
(find)
happiness.
⑤
The
wounded
soldier
struggled
to
his
feet
and
continued
walking
with
difficulty.
⑥
Although
it
had
been
a
struggle
for
him
to
finish
the
experiment,
he
enjoyed
the
result
with
satisfaction.
▲★3.
respond
vi.作出反应，响应vt.
&vi.
(口头或书面)回答，回应
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)
respond
to...
(with
sth./
by
doing
sth.)
(以某事/做某事)对……作出反应/回应
?The
police
respond
to
emergencies
in
just
a
few
minute.紧急事件发生时，警察在短短几分钟内就会作出反应。
(2)词性拓展：
response
n.
[C,
U]反应，响应；回答，答复
in
response
to...
作为对……的答复/反应
make
(no)
response
to...
对……(不)作出反应，对……(不)予以回答
【练习】1.语法填空
The
reporter
asked
the
president’s
response
(respond)to
the
social
issue
but
the
president
didn’t
respond
to
him.
2.完成句子
Carl
responded
to
my
question
with
a
smile
(对我的问题回以一笑)
and
said
nothing
more.
4.
The
first
time
【用法归纳与拓展】
for
the
first
time意为“初次，第一次”为介词短语，在句中作状语
for
the
first
time/the
first
time
for
the
first
time
表示“第一次做某事”，在句中单独作状语，句中谓语动词的时态根据不同语境有多种选择。
the
first
time
可作连词，引导时间状语从句，意思是“当第一次做某一件事情时”，其重点不在该从句，而在主句表述的另一动作或情况。从句的时态与主句时态要一致。
?When
he
arrived
in
this
country
for
the
first
time，he
couldn’t
speak
any
English.
他第一次到这个国家时，一句英语也不会说。
?The
first
time
he
took
an
exam，he
got
a
full
mark.
他第一次考试就拿了满分。
【练习】用for
the
first
time和the
first
time填空。
【答案】 ①The
first
time ②for
the
first
time
①______________________
Ye
Shiwen
took
part
in
the
Olympic
Games，she
got
a
gold
medal
for
China.
②I
arrived
in
Beijing
_______________________．I
was
absorbed
by
its
beauty.
★5.hesitate
vt.
&vi.
犹豫，迟疑
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)never
hesitate
to
do
sth.
毫不犹豫做某事
don’t
hesitate
to
do
sth.
毫不犹豫做某事，尽管做某事
hesitate
about/over
(doing)
sth.
对(做)某事犹豫不决
hesitate
about/over+特殊疑问词/
whether+不定式
对……犹豫不决
?
Please
do
not
hesitate
to
contact
me
if
you
have
any
questions.如果有疑问就请尽管和我联系。
?She
hesitated
about/over
the
choice
between
the
two
dresses.这两条连衣裙选哪一条，她犹豫不决。
?He’s
still
hesitating
about
whether
to
take
part
in
the
competition.他对是否参加那场比赛仍拿不定主意。
(2)词性拓展：
hesitant
adj.
犹豫的
hesitation
n.[C,U]
犹豫
without
hesitation
毫不犹豫地
【练习】1.语法填空
①If
you
need
further
information,
don’t
hesitate
to
ask
(ask)
me
for
help.
②The
boy
followed
without
hesitation
(hesitate).
2结合hesitate的用法完成句子
①他毫不犹豫地承担了那项最难的任务。
He
hesitated
to
take
on或didn’t
hesitate
about/over
taking
on
the
most
difficult
task.
②你无论什么时侯需要帮助，都尽管给我打电话。
Don’t
hesitate
to
call
me
whenever
you
need
a
helping
hand.
▲★6.
charge
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[U]掌管，主管，职责，责任
take
charge
of掌管，负责
in
charge
of...
主管……，负责……(主语通常为人)
in
the
charge
of
sb.=in
sb.’s
charge由某人掌管(主语通常为物)
?Soon
he
will
take
charge
of
the
department.他不久会掌管这个部门。
?Mr
Green
is
in
charge
of
this
factory.=
This
factory
is
in
the
charge
of
Mr
Green.
格林先生负责这家工厂。
(2)vt.充电
?Alex
forgot
to
charge
his
phone.亚历克斯忘了给手机充电。
(3)vt.&vi.
&n.[C,U]收费，要价
charge
(...)
for...
（向……）收……的费用
charge
(sb.)
sth.
(for
sth.)
（因某事）（向某人）收费……
free
of
charge（=for
free）免费
?The
restaurant
charged
us
400
yuan
for
the
wine.餐厅向我们收了400元酒水钱。
?If
you
buy
this
machine,
the
delivery
will
be
free
of
charge.如果你买这台机器，我们将免费送货。
(4)vt.&
n.[C,U]控告，指控
charge
sb.with
(doing)sth.
控告/指控某人(做)某事
?The
company
charged
her
with
using
the
company’s
money
for
her
own
purposes.
这家公司指控她将公司的钱挪作私用。
(5)有无冠词the意义不同的短语：
在一些短语中，有无冠词the会导致短语的意义截然不同，同学们一定要分类记忆哦！
in
charge
of
负责
in
the
charge
of
由……负责
in
control
of
控制，管理
in
the
control
of
由……掌控/管理
by
sea
乘船
by
the
sea在海边
in
hospital
住院
in
the
hospital在医院里（不一定是病人）
in
front
of外部前面
in
the
front
of
内部前面
go
to
bed
上床睡觉
go
to
the
bed
走到床边
【练习】1.语法填空
①—Do
you
know
Mr
Hall
very
well?
—Yes,
he
use
to
be
an
editor
and
take
charge
of
the
business
part
of
the
paper.
②It
was
said
that
the
operation
was
in
the
charge
of
an
expert
from
Beijing.
③The
hotel
wanted
to
charge
$150
for
the
room
service,
but
we
couldn’t
afford
to
live
in
such
an
expensive
hotel.
2.结合charge的相关用法完成句子
①The
secretary
will
be
in
charge
of
(负责)
the
matter
until
her
boss
returns.
②We
also
have
a
swimming
pool,which
is
open
all
day
and
free
of
charge
(免费).
③Do
you
think
museums
should
charge
for
(收费)admission?
▲★7.
bury
vt.
使陷入；遮盖，掩盖；埋葬，安葬；埋藏；覆盖；掩藏（感情、错误等）
【用法归纳与拓展】
bury...in...
把……埋到……里
be
buried
in...
=bury
oneself
in
...
=focus
on
=
concentrate
on
专心致志于……
【练习】
Since
he
took
over
the
project,
he
has
buried
himself
in
his
work
或
has
been
buried
in
his
work(一直埋头于他的工作).
[高频短语]7.be
regarded
as被看做
He
is
regarded
as
one
of
the
greatest
composers
in
the
history
of
music.
他被认为是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。(教材P14)
【用法归纳与拓展】
regard...as... 把……看做……(主动语态)
be
regarded
as.../be
considered
as.../be
recognised
as.../be
referred
to
as...被认为是……
?Lei
Feng
is
regarded
as
a
good
example.雷锋被看做是一个好榜样。
?We
regard
Lei
Feng
as
a
good
example.我们把雷锋看做好榜样。
【练习】完成句子
①Lu
Xun
was
regarded
as
one
of
the
best
writers
of
the
last
century.鲁迅被认为是上个世纪最好的作家之一。
②While
you
are
against
me,
I
regard
you
as
one
of
the
able
men.
[高频短语]8.give
up放弃
Beethoven
thought
about
giving
up,
but
in
the
end
he
continued
to
write
music.
贝多芬想过放弃，但最后他还是继续写音乐。(教材P14)
【用法归纳与拓展】
give
up
doing
sth.
放弃做某事
give
in
(to) 屈服；让步
give
off
发出，放出(气味、热、光等)
give
out
用完，耗尽；分发；发出(声音、光等)
give
away
放弃；泄露；颁发；出卖；赠送；捐赠
【练习】语法填空
①They
felt
like
they
were
giving
away
company
secrets.
②The
gas
gave
out
on
our
way
to
the
beach
yesterday.
③The
politician
had
to
give
in
under
pressure.
④She
will
not
give
up
her
children
without
a
struggle.
重点句型分析
1.
But
Beethoven
continued
conducting,
his
head
buried
in
the
score.
但贝多芬还埋头于乐谱中，继续指挥着。（教材P15）
【句型分析】画线部分为独立主格结构，此处用作状语，表示伴随。his
head和bury之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以bury用过去分词形式。
【考点提炼】独立主格结构
独立主格结构用法说明：
语法功能
只在句中作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、方式、伴随动作等。
语法构成
①现在分词（表示正在进行的主动动作或状态）
②过去分词（表示已完成的被动动作的动作）
③不定式（表示没有发生或即将发生的动作）
④形容词/副词/介词短语/名词
特性
可置于句首或句尾，常由逗号将其与句子分开。独立主格结构与句子之间不能使用任何连接词。
其逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
?They
were
talking
to
the
natives,
the
guide
acting
as
the
interpreter.
他们正与当地人谈话，导游充当翻译。（the
guide与act是逻辑上的主谓关系）
?The
table
set,
they
began
to
dine.
餐具摆好后，他们开始用餐。（The
table与set是逻辑上的动宾关系）
?So
many
windows
to
clean,
I
had
to
devote
the
whole
morning
.
因为有很多窗户要擦，我不得不用上整个上午。（windows是clean这一动作的承受者，但句子的主语I为clean这一动作的执行者，所以这里用不定式的主动形式，表示被动含义）
?The
exam
to
be
held
tomorrow,
I
can’t
go
to
the
cinema
tonight.考试明天举行，今晚我不能去看电影了。（The
exam与hold是逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示将要发生的动作，但句子的主语I不是hold这一动作的执行者，所以这里用不定式的被动形式）
【练习】语法填空
①Lots
of
homework
to
do
(do),
he
has
no
time
to
talk
with
us.
②Bats
are
surprisingly
long?lived
creatures,
some
having
(have)
a
life
span(持续)
of
around
20
years.
【span
持续】
③The
children
went
home
from
the
school，their
lessons
finished
(finish)for
the
day.
[解析]孩子们从学校回到家，一天的功课都做完了。
2.It
was
not
until
Caroline
Unger,
one
of
the
singers,
took
his
arm
and
turned
him
to
face
the
audience
that
the
great
man
realised
his
symphony
was
a
success.直到其中一位歌手卡洛琳·昂格尔挽起他的手臂，让他转过身来面对观众，这位伟人才意识到他的交响曲获得了成功。(教材P15)
【句型分析】句中It
was
not
until
...that...为强调句型，其结构为“It
is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分”。
【考点提炼】强调句型的结构为“It
is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分”，强调句型可以用来强调主语、宾语和状语等句子成分。
①It
was
on
Monday
night
that
all
these
happened.这一切都发生在周一晚上。(强调时间状语)
②It
was
Mary
that/who
I
met
in
the
street.我在街上遇见的是玛丽。(强调宾语)
③It
was
I
that/who
met
Mary
in
the
street.是我在街上遇见了玛丽。(强调主语)
④It
was
in
the
street
that
I
met
Mary.我是在街上遇见玛丽的。(强调地点状语)
?特别提醒
(1)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：去掉it
is/was与that/who，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句型，否则不是。
(2)被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等句子成分，当被强调部分是人时，可用who代替that，其他情况一般用that。
巩固练习
A
基础练｜
知识巩固
｜
建议时间：15
mins
一、单词拼写（用本部分所学单词）
1.
Beethoven
is
one
of
the
most
famous
classical
composers
in
the
Western
world.
2.(2020·黑龙江哈六中期末)
Surprised
and
angry,
she
jus
sat
there,
without
knowing
how
to
respond
to
the
unexpected
incident.
3.
Whenever
I
ask
him
for
help,
he
doesn’t
hesitate
to
come
my
aid,
which
moves
me
a
lot.
4.(2020·江苏省苏州实验中学检测)
The
manager
has
not
made
up
his
mind
yet
as
to
who
will
be
in
charge
of
the
project.
5.
When
I
started
running
in
my
30s,
I
realised
running
was
a
struggle
(斗争)
against
myself,
not
about
competition
or
whether
or
not
I
was
athletic
.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.
This
collection
is
composed
(compose
)
of
three
parts:
poems,
essays
and
short
stories.
2.
He
is
examining
the
composition
(compose)he
has
just
finished
to
correct
some
spelling
mistakes.
3.
(2020·河南郑州外国语学校月考)
Nowadays,
many
people
struggle
to
maintain
(maintain)
the
balance
between
work
and
family.
4.
Life
is
ten
percent
what
happens
to
you
and
ninety
percent
how
you
respond
to
it.
5.
We
are
at
your
service.
Don’t
hesitate
to
turn
(turn)
to
us
if
you
have
any
problems
6.(2020·浙江台州期末)
These
trees
are
extremely
tall,
some
measuring
(measure)
over
30
meters.
7.
Some
books
to
buy
(buy),
I
went
to
the
bookshop
after
school.
8.
Having
struggles
with
/
against
his
illness
for
years,
he
now
understands
how
important
being
healthy
is.
三、完成句子
1.他第一次去杭州的时候，西湖的自然风光给他留下了深刻的印象。
He
was
deeply
impressed
by
the
natural
beauty
of
the
West
Lake
the
first
time
he
went
to
Hangzhou/when
he
went
to
Hangzhou
for
the
first
time.
2.他们叫到他的名字时，他一下子就站了起来。
He
jumped
to
his
feet
when
they
called
his
name.(foot)
3.他专心于自己的工作，使得实现目标成为可能。
He
buried
himself
in
his
work/He
was
buried
in
his
work
，making
it
possible
to
achieve
his
goal.(bury)
4.(2020·江苏盐城期末)中国作为一个责任感极强的国家，毫不犹豫地向其他国家伸出援手。
China,
as
a
country
with
a
strong
sense
of
duty,
never
hesitates
to
reach
out
to
other
countries
.
B
综合练｜
能力提升
｜
建议时间：15
mins
一、课文语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beethoven
is
regarded
as
one
of
the
greatest
composers
in
the
history
of
music.
1.unfortunately
(unfortunate),
he
2.lost
(lose)
his
hearing
in
his
twenties,
but
he
didn’t
give
up.
3.Inspired
(inspire)
by
his
struggles
with
deafness,
Beethoven
produced
some
amazing
4.pieces
(piece
),
including
his
Symphony
No.
9
in
D
mirror.
Eventually,
one
day
in
February
1824,
Beethoven’s
ninth
symphony
5.was
completed
(complete).
Before
the
performance,
Beethoven
was
afraid
that
it
would
be
6.a
disaster,
but
as
Beethoven
walked
out
onto
the
stage,
the
audience
did
not
hesitate
7.
to
clap
(clap)and
cheer
loudly.
As
the
final,
joyous
note
signalled
the
end
of
the
symphony,
the
audience
jumped
to
8.their
(they)
feet,
clapping,
cheering
and
9.waving
(wave)
their
hats.
The
performance
was
a
success,
which
was
a
surprise
to
Beethoven,
the
one
10.who
composed
the
symphony
but
couldn’t
hear
it!
二、阅读理解七选五
Are
You
Ready
to
Make
a
Lifestyle
Change?
When
it
comes
to
weight
loss,
the
words
you
might
hear
are：lifestyle
and
changes.
__1__
But,
if
it
were
that
simple,
I’d
be
out
of
a
job
and
you’d
be
too
busy
working
out
to
read
this.Losing
weight
takes
hard
work
and
that
often
means
changing
different
aspects
of
your
life
like
how
you
spend
your
time,
how
you
schedule
your
day,
and
how/what
you
eat.
What’s
Your
Lifestyle
Like?
__2__
So
what
is
a
healthy
lifestyle?
The
typical
components
include
not
smoking,
eating
healthy
foods,
exercising
and
keeping
the
body
at
a
healthy
weight.First,
figure
out
how
much
time
you
spend
doing
the
following：
Sitting
at
a
desk
__3__
Sitting
in
front
of
a
computer
Drinking
alcohol
Eating
fast
food
or
junk
foods
Staying
up
late/Not
getting
enough
sleep
Now,
How
Much
Time
Do
You
Spend?
Being
active
in
general
(taking
the
stairs,
walking
instead
of
driving,
gardening,
cleaning,
etc.)
Doing
cardio
exercise
Strength
training
for
all
muscle
groups
with
challenging
weights
Tracking
your
calories
Sleeping
Dealing
with
stress
in
a
healthy
way
__4__
Living
healthily
means
spending
time
and
energy
on
your
body—moving
it
around
and
paying
attention
to
what
you
put
into
it.Staying
in
an
unhealthy
lifestyle
means
you
can
avoid
expending
energy,
time
and
effort.
Choosing
Health
As
humans,
we
like
habits
and
routines
so
much
that
we
often
keep
doing
the
same
things
even
when
we
know
they
aren’t
good
for
us.Changing
bad
habits
takes
time
and
effort.__5__
For
example,
what
time
you
get
up
each
morning?
A．Sitting
in
front
of
a
TV
B．How
you
spend
your
free
time
C．For
a
healthy
lifestyle,
you
may
be
changing
a
variety
of
things.
D．It
may
seem
losing
weight
is
a
simple
goal—do
some
exercise;
go
on
a
diet!
E．The
reason
why
lifestyle
is
so
important
is
that
it
determines
how
healthy
you
are.
F．To
lose
weight,
you
will
have
to
change
your
life.
G．If
you
spend
more
time
doing
the
things
in
the
first
list
than
the
second,
it’s
time
to
change
your
lifestyle.
答案：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何去改变生活方式给出了一些建议。
1．D [设空前谈到减肥，而根据设空后内容可知，如果那么简单的话，“我”就要失业了，而你也会忙着去锻炼而不来看“我”写的东西。由此可知，此处应该是指人们普遍认为减肥是简单的。故选D。]
2．E [根据此段标题可知本段主要谈论的是生活方式，再结合设空后的提问可知，设空处应涉及生活方式与健康之间的关系，故应选E项(生活方式之所以如此重要是因为它决定你的健康状况)。]
3．A [设空处前后都是花时间所做的有损健康的事情，而且形式一样。故选A。]
4．G [上文列举了两种不同生活方式中所花时间去做的事情，而下文又总结了两种生活方式。因此设空处应该是起到承上启下的作用，G项是对上面两种生活方式的总结。故选G。]
5．C [C项中提到对于一个健康的生活方式，你可能要改变很多东西。这正好与下文中的举例说明相符。故选C。]Unit7
Lesson3
1．composer
n．[C]作曲家→compose
vt．&
vi．创作(音乐)，作曲vt．撰写(信函、讲稿、诗歌等)→composition
n．[U]成分，构成；作曲，创作；[C](音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品
2．respond
vi．作出反应，响应vt．&vi．(口头或书面)回答，回应→response
n．[C,
U]反应，响应；回答，答复
3．tense
adj．紧张的→tension
n．[U,
C,
usually
pl.]紧张局势（或关系、状况）[U]
（情绪上的）紧张，烦躁
4．conductor
n．指挥→conduct
vt．&
vi．组织；实施；执行；指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏)
5．hesitate
vt．&vi．犹豫，迟疑→hesitant
adj．犹豫的→hesitation
n．[C,U]
犹豫
6．joyous
adj．欢乐的，令人愉快的→
joy
n．[U]
高兴；愉快；喜悦
[C]
令人高兴的人（或事）；乐事；乐趣
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词
▲高频词
★1.
compose
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)vt.
&
vi.
创作(音乐)，作曲vt.
撰写(信函、讲稿、诗歌等)
(2)vt.
组成，构成(一个整体)。不用于进行时。
be
composed
of(=
consist
of/be
made
up
of)
(整体)由……组成/构成
?Water
is
composed
of/is
made
up
of/
consists
of
hydrogen
and
oxygen.
水由氢和氧组成。
(3)词性拓展：
composer
n.[C]作曲家，创作者
composition
n.[U]成分，构成；作曲，创作；[C](音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品
【练习】1.用
compose的适当形式填空
①
He
is
a
famous
composer
of
pop
music
and
has
composed
more
than
200
pieces
of
music
already.
②
(2020·河南郑州外国语学校月考)A
well-written
composition
calls
for
a
good
choice
of
words
and
clear
organization.
2.完成句子：我们班目前由12名男生和8名女生组成。
Our
class
is
composed
of或
is
made
up
of或consists
of
twelve
boys
and
eight
girls
now.
▲★2.
struggle
Inspired
by
his
struggles
with
deafness,
the
composer
produced
some
amazing
pieces,
including
nine
symphonies,
five
piano
pieces,
and
an
opera!
这位作曲家从与耳聋的抗争中受到启发，创作出一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九部交响曲，五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧!
(教材P14)
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[C]斗争，奋斗，努力；难事
struggles
with/
against...
克服……的努力
a
struggle
between...and...
……与……之间的斗争
It’s
(not)
a
struggle
to
do
sth.
做某事(不)是件难事。
a
struggle
with
sb.
(for/
against
sth.)
(为/反对某事)与某人的斗争
?She
spoke
of
her
struggles
with/
against
shyness.她谈到了自己是如何努力克服羞怯的。
?It
was
a
real
struggle
to
complete
this
task
before
the
weekend.周末前完成这项任务绝非易事。
(2)vi.
奋斗，努力；斗争；搏斗，挣扎脱身
struggle
with/
against...
为……奋斗/斗争
struggle
with/against...
和……斗争
struggle
to
do
sth.
努力做某事
struggle
to
one’s
feet
挣扎着站起来
?Fish
will
struggle
for
survival
when
the
water
level
drops
in
the
lake.湖水水位下降时，鱼会拼命挣扎求生。
?He
struggled
against
cancer
for
ten
years.
他同癌症抗争了十年。
?The
government
struggled
to
maintain
law
and
order.
政府努力维持治安。
?The
man
struggle
to
his
feet
and
went
on.
那个人费劲地站起来，继续往前走。
【练习】语法填空
①
(2019·江苏阅读理解改编)He
struggled
to
explain
(explain)
what
he
heard
in
his
head.
[他脑子里听到的]
②
We
still
have
to
struggle
with/against
all
kinds
of
difficulties.
③
In
1862,
the
American
black
people
won
their
struggle
for
equal
rights
after
many
years’
fighting
against
the
white.
④
Jane
Eyre,
by
Charlotte
Bronte,
is
a
story
of
a
young
woman’s
struggle
to
find
(find)
happiness.
⑤
The
wounded
soldier
struggled
to
his
feet
and
continued
walking
with
difficulty.
⑥
Although
it
had
been
a
struggle
for
him
to
finish
the
experiment,
he
enjoyed
the
result
with
satisfaction.
▲★3.
respond
vi.作出反应，响应vt.
&vi.
(口头或书面)回答，回应
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)
respond
to...
(with
sth./
by
doing
sth.)
(以某事/做某事)对……作出反应/回应
?The
police
respond
to
emergencies
in
just
a
few
minute.紧急事件发生时，警察在短短几分钟内就会作出反应。
(2)词性拓展：
response
n.
[C,
U]反应，响应；回答，答复
in
response
to...
作为对……的答复/反应
make
(no)
response
to...
对……(不)作出反应，对……(不)予以回答
【练习】1.语法填空
The
reporter
asked
the
president’s
response
(respond)to
the
social
issue
but
the
president
didn’t
respond
to
him.
2.完成句子
Carl
responded
to
my
question
with
a
smile
(对我的问题回以一笑)
and
said
nothing
more.
4.
The
first
time
【用法归纳与拓展】
for
the
first
time意为“初次，第一次”为介词短语，在句中作状语
for
the
first
time/the
first
time
for
the
first
time
表示“第一次做某事”，在句中单独作状语，句中谓语动词的时态根据不同语境有多种选择。
the
first
time
可作连词，引导时间状语从句，意思是“当第一次做某一件事情时”，其重点不在该从句，而在主句表述的另一动作或情况。从句的时态与主句时态要一致。
?When
he
arrived
in
this
country
for
the
first
time，he
couldn’t
speak
any
English.
他第一次到这个国家时，一句英语也不会说。
?The
first
time
he
took
an
exam，he
got
a
full
mark.
他第一次考试就拿了满分。
【练习】用for
the
first
time和the
first
time填空。
【答案】 ①The
first
time ②for
the
first
time
①______________________
Ye
Shiwen
took
part
in
the
Olympic
Games，she
got
a
gold
medal
for
China.
②I
arrived
in
Beijing
_______________________．I
was
absorbed
by
its
beauty.
★5.hesitate
vt.
&vi.
犹豫，迟疑
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)never
hesitate
to
do
sth.
毫不犹豫做某事
don’t
hesitate
to
do
sth.
毫不犹豫做某事，尽管做某事
hesitate
about/over
(doing)
sth.
对(做)某事犹豫不决
hesitate
about/over+特殊疑问词/
whether+不定式
对……犹豫不决
?
Please
do
not
hesitate
to
contact
me
if
you
have
any
questions.如果有疑问就请尽管和我联系。
?She
hesitated
about/over
the
choice
between
the
two
dresses.这两条连衣裙选哪一条，她犹豫不决。
?He’s
still
hesitating
about
whether
to
take
part
in
the
competition.他对是否参加那场比赛仍拿不定主意。
(2)词性拓展：
hesitant
adj.
犹豫的
hesitation
n.[C,U]
犹豫
without
hesitation
毫不犹豫地
【练习】1.语法填空
①If
you
need
further
information,
don’t
hesitate
to
ask
(ask)
me
for
help.
②The
boy
followed
without
hesitation
(hesitate).
2结合hesitate的用法完成句子
①他毫不犹豫地承担了那项最难的任务。
He
hesitated
to
take
on或didn’t
hesitate
about/over
taking
on
the
most
difficult
task.
②你无论什么时侯需要帮助，都尽管给我打电话。
Don’t
hesitate
to
call
me
whenever
you
need
a
helping
hand.
▲★6.
charge
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[U]掌管，主管，职责，责任
take
charge
of掌管，负责
in
charge
of...
主管……，负责……(主语通常为人)
in
the
charge
of
sb.=in
sb.’s
charge由某人掌管(主语通常为物)
?Soon
he
will
take
charge
of
the
department.他不久会掌管这个部门。
?Mr
Green
is
in
charge
of
this
factory.=
This
factory
is
in
the
charge
of
Mr
Green.
格林先生负责这家工厂。
(2)vt.充电
?Alex
forgot
to
charge
his
phone.亚历克斯忘了给手机充电。
(3)vt.&vi.
&n.[C,U]收费，要价
charge
(...)
for...
（向……）收……的费用
charge
(sb.)
sth.
(for
sth.)
（因某事）（向某人）收费……
free
of
charge（=for
free）免费
?The
restaurant
charged
us
400
yuan
for
the
wine.餐厅向我们收了400元酒水钱。
?If
you
buy
this
machine,
the
delivery
will
be
free
of
charge.如果你买这台机器，我们将免费送货。
(4)vt.&
n.[C,U]控告，指控
charge
sb.with
(doing)sth.
控告/指控某人(做)某事
?The
company
charged
her
with
using
the
company’s
money
for
her
own
purposes.
这家公司指控她将公司的钱挪作私用。
(5)有无冠词the意义不同的短语：
在一些短语中，有无冠词the会导致短语的意义截然不同，同学们一定要分类记忆哦！
in
charge
of
负责
in
the
charge
of
由……负责
in
control
of
控制，管理
in
the
control
of
由……掌控/管理
by
sea
乘船
by
the
sea在海边
in
hospital
住院
in
the
hospital在医院里（不一定是病人）
in
front
of外部前面
in
the
front
of
内部前面
go
to
bed
上床睡觉
go
to
the
bed
走到床边
【练习】1.语法填空
①—Do
you
know
Mr
Hall
very
well?
—Yes,
he
use
to
be
an
editor
and
take
charge
of
the
business
part
of
the
paper.
②It
was
said
that
the
operation
was
in
the
charge
of
an
expert
from
Beijing.
③The
hotel
wanted
to
charge
$150
for
the
room
service,
but
we
couldn’t
afford
to
live
in
such
an
expensive
hotel.
2.结合charge的相关用法完成句子
①The
secretary
will
be
in
charge
of
(负责)
the
matter
until
her
boss
returns.
②We
also
have
a
swimming
pool,which
is
open
all
day
and
free
of
charge
(免费).
③Do
you
think
museums
should
charge
for
(收费)admission?
▲★7.
bury
vt.
使陷入；遮盖，掩盖；埋葬，安葬；埋藏；覆盖；掩藏（感情、错误等）
【用法归纳与拓展】
bury...in...
把……埋到……里
be
buried
in...
=bury
oneself
in
...
=focus
on
=
concentrate
on
专心致志于……
【练习】
Since
he
took
over
the
project,
he
has
buried
himself
in
his
work
或
has
been
buried
in
his
work(一直埋头于他的工作).
[高频短语]7.be
regarded
as被看做
He
is
regarded
as
one
of
the
greatest
composers
in
the
history
of
music.
他被认为是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。(教材P14)
【用法归纳与拓展】
regard...as... 把……看做……(主动语态)
be
regarded
as.../be
considered
as.../be
recognised
as.../be
referred
to
as...被认为是……
?Lei
Feng
is
regarded
as
a
good
example.雷锋被看做是一个好榜样。
?We
regard
Lei
Feng
as
a
good
example.我们把雷锋看做好榜样。
【练习】完成句子
①Lu
Xun
was
regarded
as
one
of
the
best
writers
of
the
last
century.鲁迅被认为是上个世纪最好的作家之一。
②While
you
are
against
me,
I
regard
you
as
one
of
the
able
men.
[高频短语]8.give
up放弃
Beethoven
thought
about
giving
up,
but
in
the
end
he
continued
to
write
music.
贝多芬想过放弃，但最后他还是继续写音乐。(教材P14)
【用法归纳与拓展】
give
up
doing
sth.
放弃做某事
give
in
(to) 屈服；让步
give
off
发出，放出(气味、热、光等)
give
out
用完，耗尽；分发；发出(声音、光等)
give
away
放弃；泄露；颁发；出卖；赠送；捐赠
【练习】语法填空
①They
felt
like
they
were
giving
away
company
secrets.
②The
gas
gave
out
on
our
way
to
the
beach
yesterday.
③The
politician
had
to
give
in
under
pressure.
④She
will
not
give
up
her
children
without
a
struggle.
重点句型分析
1.
But
Beethoven
continued
conducting,
his
head
buried
in
the
score.
但贝多芬还埋头于乐谱中，继续指挥着。（教材P15）
【句型分析】画线部分为独立主格结构，此处用作状语，表示伴随。his
head和bury之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以bury用过去分词形式。
【考点提炼】独立主格结构
独立主格结构用法说明：
语法功能
只在句中作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、方式、伴随动作等。
语法构成
①现在分词（表示正在进行的主动动作或状态）
②过去分词（表示已完成的被动动作的动作）
③不定式（表示没有发生或即将发生的动作）
④形容词/副词/介词短语/名词
特性
可置于句首或句尾，常由逗号将其与句子分开。独立主格结构与句子之间不能使用任何连接词。
其逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
?They
were
talking
to
the
natives,
the
guide
acting
as
the
interpreter.
他们正与当地人谈话，导游充当翻译。（the
guide与act是逻辑上的主谓关系）
?The
table
set,
they
began
to
dine.
餐具摆好后，他们开始用餐。（The
table与set是逻辑上的动宾关系）
?So
many
windows
to
clean,
I
had
to
devote
the
whole
morning
.
因为有很多窗户要擦，我不得不用上整个上午。（windows是clean这一动作的承受者，但句子的主语I为clean这一动作的执行者，所以这里用不定式的主动形式，表示被动含义）
?The
exam
to
be
held
tomorrow,
I
can’t
go
to
the
cinema
tonight.考试明天举行，今晚我不能去看电影了。（The
exam与hold是逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示将要发生的动作，但句子的主语I不是hold这一动作的执行者，所以这里用不定式的被动形式）
【练习】语法填空
①Lots
of
homework
to
do
(do),
he
has
no
time
to
talk
with
us.
②Bats
are
surprisingly
long?lived
creatures,
some
having
(have)
a
life
span(持续)
of
around
20
years.
【span
持续】
③The
children
went
home
from
the
school，their
lessons
finished
(finish)for
the
day.
[解析]孩子们从学校回到家，一天的功课都做完了。
2.It
was
not
until
Caroline
Unger,
one
of
the
singers,
took
his
arm
and
turned
him
to
face
the
audience
that
the
great
man
realised
his
symphony
was
a
success.直到其中一位歌手卡洛琳·昂格尔挽起他的手臂，让他转过身来面对观众，这位伟人才意识到他的交响曲获得了成功。(教材P15)
【句型分析】句中It
was
not
until
...that...为强调句型，其结构为“It
is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分”。
【考点提炼】强调句型的结构为“It
is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分”，强调句型可以用来强调主语、宾语和状语等句子成分。
①It
was
on
Monday
night
that
all
these
happened.这一切都发生在周一晚上。(强调时间状语)
②It
was
Mary
that/who
I
met
in
the
street.我在街上遇见的是玛丽。(强调宾语)
③It
was
I
that/who
met
Mary
in
the
street.是我在街上遇见了玛丽。(强调主语)
④It
was
in
the
street
that
I
met
Mary.我是在街上遇见玛丽的。(强调地点状语)
?特别提醒
(1)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：去掉it
is/was与that/who，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句型，否则不是。
(2)被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等句子成分，当被强调部分是人时，可用who代替that，其他情况一般用that。
巩固练习
A
基础练｜
知识巩固
｜
建议时间：15
mins
一、单词拼写（用本部分所学单词）
1.
Beethoven
is
one
of
the
most
famous
classical
composers
in
the
Western
world.
2.(2020·黑龙江哈六中期末)
Surprised
and
angry,
she
jus
sat
there,
without
knowing
how
to
respond
to
the
unexpected
incident.
3.
Whenever
I
ask
him
for
help,
he
doesn’t
hesitate
to
come
my
aid,
which
moves
me
a
lot.
4.(2020·江苏省苏州实验中学检测)
The
manager
has
not
made
up
his
mind
yet
as
to
who
will
be
in
charge
of
the
project.
5.
When
I
started
running
in
my
30s,
I
realised
running
was
a
struggle
(斗争)
against
myself,
not
about
competition
or
whether
or
not
I
was
athletic
.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.
This
collection
is
composed
(compose
)
of
three
parts:
poems,
essays
and
short
stories.
2.
He
is
examining
the
composition
(compose)he
has
just
finished
to
correct
some
spelling
mistakes.
3.
(2020·河南郑州外国语学校月考)
Nowadays,
many
people
struggle
to
maintain
(maintain)
the
balance
between
work
and
family.
4.
Life
is
ten
percent
what
happens
to
you
and
ninety
percent
how
you
respond
to
it.
5.
We
are
at
your
service.
Don’t
hesitate
to
turn
(turn)
to
us
if
you
have
any
problems
6.(2020·浙江台州期末)
These
trees
are
extremely
tall,
some
measuring
(measure)
over
30
meters.
7.
Some
books
to
buy
(buy),
I
went
to
the
bookshop
after
school.
8.
Having
struggles
with
/
against
his
illness
for
years,
he
now
understands
how
important
being
healthy
is.
三、完成句子
1.他第一次去杭州的时候，西湖的自然风光给他留下了深刻的印象。
He
was
deeply
impressed
by
the
natural
beauty
of
the
West
Lake
the
first
time
he
went
to
Hangzhou/when
he
went
to
Hangzhou
for
the
first
time.
2.他们叫到他的名字时，他一下子就站了起来。
He
jumped
to
his
feet
when
they
called
his
name.(foot)
3.他专心于自己的工作，使得实现目标成为可能。
He
buried
himself
in
his
work/He
was
buried
in
his
work
，making
it
possible
to
achieve
his
goal.(bury)
4.(2020·江苏盐城期末)中国作为一个责任感极强的国家，毫不犹豫地向其他国家伸出援手。
China,
as
a
country
with
a
strong
sense
of
duty,
never
hesitates
to
reach
out
to
other
countries
.
B
综合练｜
能力提升
｜
建议时间：15
mins
一、课文语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beethoven
is
regarded
as
one
of
the
greatest
composers
in
the
history
of
music.
1.unfortunately
(unfortunate),
he
2.lost
(lose)
his
hearing
in
his
twenties,
but
he
didn’t
give
up.
3.Inspired
(inspire)
by
his
struggles
with
deafness,
Beethoven
produced
some
amazing
4.pieces
(piece
),
including
his
Symphony
No.
9
in
D
mirror.
Eventually,
one
day
in
February
1824,
Beethoven’s
ninth
symphony
5.was
completed
(complete).
Before
the
performance,
Beethoven
was
afraid
that
it
would
be
6.a
disaster,
but
as
Beethoven
walked
out
onto
the
stage,
the
audience
did
not
hesitate
7.
to
clap
(clap)and
cheer
loudly.
As
the
final,
joyous
note
signalled
the
end
of
the
symphony,
the
audience
jumped
to
8.their
(they)
feet,
clapping,
cheering
and
9.waving
(wave)
their
hats.
The
performance
was
a
success,
which
was
a
surprise
to
Beethoven,
the
one
10.who
composed
the
symphony
but
couldn’t
hear
it!
二、阅读理解七选五
Are
You
Ready
to
Make
a
Lifestyle
Change?
When
it
comes
to
weight
loss,
the
words
you
might
hear
are：lifestyle
and
changes.
__1__
But,
if
it
were
that
simple,
I’d
be
out
of
a
job
and
you’d
be
too
busy
working
out
to
read
this.Losing
weight
takes
hard
work
and
that
often
means
changing
different
aspects
of
your
life
like
how
you
spend
your
time,
how
you
schedule
your
day,
and
how/what
you
eat.
What’s
Your
Lifestyle
Like?
__2__
So
what
is
a
healthy
lifestyle?
The
typical
components
include
not
smoking,
eating
healthy
foods,
exercising
and
keeping
the
body
at
a
healthy
weight.First,
figure
out
how
much
time
you
spend
doing
the
following：
Sitting
at
a
desk
__3__
Sitting
in
front
of
a
computer
Drinking
alcohol
Eating
fast
food
or
junk
foods
Staying
up
late/Not
getting
enough
sleep
Now,
How
Much
Time
Do
You
Spend?
Being
active
in
general
(taking
the
stairs,
walking
instead
of
driving,
gardening,
cleaning,
etc.)
Doing
cardio
exercise
Strength
training
for
all
muscle
groups
with
challenging
weights
Tracking
your
calories
Sleeping
Dealing
with
stress
in
a
healthy
way
__4__
Living
healthily
means
spending
time
and
energy
on
your
body—moving
it
around
and
paying
attention
to
what
you
put
into
it.Staying
in
an
unhealthy
lifestyle
means
you
can
avoid
expending
energy,
time
and
effort.
Choosing
Health
As
humans,
we
like
habits
and
routines
so
much
that
we
often
keep
doing
the
same
things
even
when
we
know
they
aren’t
good
for
us.Changing
bad
habits
takes
time
and
effort.__5__
For
example,
what
time
you
get
up
each
morning?
A．Sitting
in
front
of
a
TV
B．How
you
spend
your
free
time
C．For
a
healthy
lifestyle,
you
may
be
changing
a
variety
of
things.
D．It
may
seem
losing
weight
is
a
simple
goal—do
some
exercise;
go
on
a
diet!
E．The
reason
why
lifestyle
is
so
important
is
that
it
determines
how
healthy
you
are.
F．To
lose
weight,
you
will
have
to
change
your
life.
G．If
you
spend
more
time
doing
the
things
in
the
first
list
than
the
second,
it’s
time
to
change
your
lifestyle.
