Unit8
Lesson2
&
Lesson3
1．founder
n．[C]
创办人，创始者→found
vt.
建立
2．profit
n．[C,U]利润，收益，赢利→profitable
adj．有利润的；有益的
3．organiser
n．[C]组织者→organise
vt.
&
vi.
组织→organisation
n．[C]组织→organised
adj．有组织的
4．contented
adj．满意的；满足的→content
n．[pl.]
所容纳之物；所含之物；内容；[pl.]
（书的）目录，目次；[sing.]
（书、讲话、节目等的）主题，主要内容；adj．满意；满足vt．使满意
5．agriculture
n．[U]
农业→agricultural
adj．农业的
6．survival
n．[U]存活，幸存；[C]幸存事物→survive
vi.存活，生存，继续存在；vt.
幸存，幸免于难，艰难度过；比……活(或存在)的时间长→survivor
n．[C]生还者，幸存者
7．determination
n．[U]决心，果断，坚定；(正式）决定，确定
→determine
vt.&vi.决心，决定→determined
adj.有决心的，意志坚定的；(尤指在困境中）坚决的，坚定的
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词
▲高频词
★▲1.
profit
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[C,U]利润，收益，赢利
a
rise/
an
increase
in
profits收益的上升/增长
a
drop/
fall
in
profits收益的跌落/下降
make
a
profit赚取利润
for
profit为了赢利
?It
will
make
the
cinema
owners
happy
if
more
people
go
to
the
movies
as
they
will
make
a
bigger
profit.
如果更多的人去看电影,电影院的老板会很高兴,因为他们就会赚更多的钱。
(2)vi.
&vt.
获益，得到好处，对……有用(或有益)
profit
from/by......
因……而获利/受益
profit
sb.
使某人获益
?Two
quarrel
and
a
third
profits
by
it.[谚]鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。
?Many
local
people
believe
the
development
will
profit
them.
当地的许多人认为，这项开发将对他们有利。
(3)profitable
adj.
有利润的；有益的
a
profitable
class
有收获的一堂课
【练习】1.语法填空
①(2019·北京阅读理解改编)She
donates(捐赠)
10%
of
AilieCandy’s
profits
(profit)
to
Big
Smiles.
②The
local
farmers
will
profit
from
/by
planting
fruit
trees
on
the
hills.
③They
don’t
set
up
this
company
for
profit,
but
to
help
the
local
people
with
more
job
opportunities
2.完成句子
(2018·江苏任务型阅读改编)It
is
wrong
to
assume
arts
groups
cannot
make
a
profit
(赚取利润).
★▲2.occur
【用法归纳】
(1)vi.
发生，出现
(2)vi.
(想法等)被想到
Sth.
occurs
to
sb.
(想法等)浮现在某人的脑海中。
It
occurs
to
sb.
that...
……的念头浮现在某人的脑海中。(It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，且that不能省略)
?The
thought
occurred
to
me
that
he
might
not
be
telling
the
truth.=
It
occurred
to
me
that
he
might
not
be
telling
the
truth.我突然想到他可能没有说真话。
注意
(1)occur的过去式和过去分词均为
occurred，现在分词为
occurring。
(2)occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。
occur作谓语时，主语不能为人。
【拓展】“发生”的其他表达
【练习】1.语法填空
①It
never
occurred
to
me
that
these
two
hard
chairs
were
kept
for
a
particular
purpose.
②When
I
was
at
a
loss,
the
idea
of
travelling
abroad
occurred
to
me.Ine
2.选择填空:occur/
happen/
break
out/
take
place
After
the
flu(流感)
broke
out
,
an
urgent
meeting
took
place
,
and
we
discussed
what
had
happened/occurred
among
the
students,
and
finally
agreed
on
the
way
to
prevent
it
spreading.
[高频短语]3.come
true
【用法归纳与拓展】
come
true意为“(希望、愿望等)实现，成为现实”。切记：come
true不用于被动语态。
注意
realize和
come
true均可以表示“实现”realize为及物动词，其后可跟宾语；而come
true为不及物短语动词，其后不可跟宾语。
come
true相当于
be
realized。
?他参加奥运会的梦想最终实现了。
His
dream
of
taking
part
in
the
Olympics
came
true
at
last.
His
dream
of
taking
part
in
the
Olympics
was
realized
at
last.
【练习】选择填空:
realize/
come
true
①(2020·天津单项填空改编)The
student
completed
this
experiment
to
make
come
true
what
Professor
Joseph
had
said.
②(2020·天津完形填空改编)
Jones’
idea
has
been
fully
realized
—the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”benches
help
break
down
the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.
★4.
proposal
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)
proposal
n.
[C,U]提议，建议
?Many
teachers
made
a
proposal
that
a
new
lab
(should)
be
built.
许多老师建议建造一个新的实验室。
(2)propose
vt.提议，建议(较正式)
propose
(doing)
sth.
提议/建议(做)某事
propose
that
It
is
proposed
that......
?In
his
speech
he
proposed
that
the
UN
should
set
up
an
emergency
centre
for
the
environment.
在演讲中他建议联合国建立一个环境应急中心。
【练习】语法填空
①A
proposal
(propose)was
put
forward
at
the
meeting
that
the
factory
shouldn’t
be
built
near
the
school.
②(2020·江苏盐城模考)
All
of
us
applauded(赞扬)
the
proposal
that
every
cent
(should)
be
used
(use)
where
it
is
needed
most.
③Some
teachers
proposed
putting
(put)off
the
sports
meeting
because
of
the
attack
of
the
typhoon.
④It
was
proposed
that
the
house
(should)
be
preserved
(preserve)
as
it
had
been
when
Lu
Xun
lived
in
it.
★▲5.
survive
【用法归纳】
(1)vi.存活，生存，继续存在
survive
on...
=
live
on...
靠……生存
?I
don’t
know
how
you
all
manage
to
survive
on
Jeremy’s
salary.
我不知道你们所有人只靠杰里米的薪水是怎样生活的。
(2)vt.
幸存，幸免于难，艰难度过
?Of
all
the
museum’s
paintings,
only
one
survived
the
fire.博物馆所有的画中，只有一幅在大火中幸存下来。
(3)vt.
比……活(或存在)的时间长
?The
woman
survived
her
brother
by
two
years.这位女士比她哥哥多活了两年。
【拓展】
(1)相关词语积累：
survivor
n.[C]生还者，幸存者
survival
n.[U]存活，幸存；[C]幸存事物
(2)动词
survive去掉e加上-al后变成名词
survival，类似的词还有：
remove→
removal
移动
refuse→
refusal拒绝
arrive→
arrival到达
approve→
approval赞成
propose→
proposal建议，提议
[语境串记]
Mr
Green
was
one
of
the
survivors
who
survived
the
earthquake.
He
told
us
he
survived
on
a
bottle
of
water.
Everyone
said
his
survival
was
a
wonder.格林先生是那次地震的幸存者之一。他告诉我们他是靠一瓶水活下来的。每个人都说他的存活是一个奇迹。
【练习】1.用survive的适当形式填空
①Workers
built
shelters
for
survivors
whose
homes
had
been
destroyed.
②Overfishing
and
pollution
are
threatening
the
survival
of
certain
fish
species,
2.单句写作
①战后，汤姆比他的朋友多活了10年。Tom
survived
his
friend
by
ten
years
after
the
war.
②我无法靠一周30美金维持生活。I
can’t
survive
on
$30
for
a
week.
★▲6.
overcome
vt.
控制（感情），克服（困难）；战胜（overcome的过去式和过去分词分别为overcame和overcome）
【用法归纳】
overcome
problems/difficulties克服困难
overcome
one’s
shyness/fear(s)
克服某人的羞怯/恐惧
overcome
the
enemy/opponent战胜敌人/对手
be
overcome
by...
被……（某种情绪）控制；受到……的极大影响
?We
can
overcome
any
difficulty.
我们能战胜任何困难。
【练习】用overcome的适当形式填空
①Finally
she
overcame
her
fears
and
stood
up.
②My
parents
always
tell
me
that
any
difficulty
can
be
overcome
as
long
as
you’re
determined.
2.单句写作：自信的孩子能更好地克服困难。
Children
with
confidence
are
able
to
overcome
difficulties
better.
★7.
determination
教材语境P35》（听力材料）She
has
made
a
huge
difference
with
her
determination
to
make
her
son’s
dreams
a
reality.
她决心让儿子的梦想成为现实，这使她做出了影响巨大的事情。
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[U]决心，果断，坚定
with
determination
顽强地，有决心地
the
determination
to
do
sth.
做某事的决心
(2)n.
[U](正式）决定，确定
?The
determination
of
who
should
be
invited
to
be
present
took
him
a
long
time.决定应该邀请谁出席花了他很长时间。
(3)词性拓展
①determine
vt.&vi.决心，决定
determine
to
do
sth.决定做某事
determine
on/upon
(doing)
sth.
决定/决心（做）某事
②determined
adj.有决心的，意志坚定的；(尤指在困境中）坚决的，坚定的
be
determined
to
do
sth.
决心做某事
be
determined
that......
决定……，坚信……
【练习】语法填空
①(2019·北京阅读理解改编)
With
her
talent
and
determination
(determine),
it
appears
that
the
sky
could
be
the
limit
for
Alice
Moore.
②(2020·黑龙江哈三中期末)
The
warriors
were
determined
(determine)
to
defend
their
homeland,
no
matter
how
difficult
it
was.
③My
sister
Lily
has
determined
to
go
(go)
to
Peking
University.
She
is
a
determined
(determine)
girl,
so
we
know
that
once
she
has
determined
on/upon
something,
she
will
make
her
dream
come
true
with
great
determination
(determine)
★8.former
【用法归纳与拓展】former为形容词，意为“昔日的；以前的；前者的”，常与the连用，表示
“（两者中的）前者”。the
former常与the
latter构成“the
former...the
latter...”结构，表示“前者……后者……”。
【练习】完成句子：这两个国家中，前者比后者发展得快。
Of
these
two
countries,
the
former
is
developing
faster
than
the
latter
.
短语巩固
代表
stand
for
学生会
the
student
union/the
students’
union
把……变成……
turn...into...
serve
a
purpose
有作用
调整（情绪）work
through
从事，致力于
work
on
重点句型分析
教材P35》Alive
or
fallen,
you
served
a
purpose.无论是活着还是倒下，你都有用途。
【句式分析】形容词短语Alive
or
fallen作状语，相当于Whether
you
were
alive
or
fallen.
【考点提炼】形容词（短语）作状语
(1)位置：通常位于句首或句末，有时位于句中。位于句首时，一般用逗号与句子其他成分隔开；位于句末时可隔开也可不隔开。
(2)作用：用于说明主语的状态或表示原因、方式、伴随、让步等。
?He
returned
from
the
war,
safe
and
sound.他从这场战争中归来，安然无志。
?Unhappy
with
the
result,
he
decided
to
do
more
experiments.因为对结果不满意，所以他决定做更多的实验。
?He
arrived
at
the
mountain
village,
cold,
hungry
and
tired
out
on
Sunday
night.
星期天夜里，他抵达了那个山村，又冷又饿，疲惫不堪。
【练习】完成句子
①(2020·陕西汉中期末）Angry
and
disappointed
(既生气又失望),
Mary
began
to
cry
loudly
and
then
ran
out
of
the
room.
②These
travellers
returned
to
the
hotel
,
tired
and
sleepy
(又累又困).
巩固练习
A
基础练｜
知识巩固
｜
建议时间：15
mins
一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1.
Bill
Gates
,
founder
(创办者)of
Microsoft,
is
a
classic
example
of
success.
2.
What
he
cares
is
how
much
profit
(利润)
he
can
get
from
the
project.
3.
(2020·天津5月单项填空改编)A
survey
carried
out
last
year
showed
that
80%
of
the
middle-aged
in
this
city
were
in
favour
of
the
proposal
for
health
care
reform.
4.
A
rare
snowstorm
swept
across
the
region
yesterday.
5.
(2020·江苏南通期末)
The
greatest
gifts
in
life
are
not
purchased(购买),
but
acquired
through
hard
work
and
determination
.
[解析]生命中最伟大的礼物不是买来的
6.
The
20th
century
saw
cars
become
more
and
more
popular
among
ordinary
people
.
7.
Through
practice,
you
will
be
able
to
overcome
anxiety
and
fear
in
public
speaking.
8.
The
organisers
(组织者)
had
planned
to
find
four
musicians
who
could
act
as
well
as
sing.
9.
Chemical
pollution
will
bring
about
a
threat
to
agriculture
（农业）and
the
food
chain,
and
consequently
to
human
health.
[解析]化学污染将给农业和食物链带来威胁，进而威胁人类健康。
10.
First
aid
given
at
the
scene
in
time
can
increase
the
victim’s
chance
of
survival
(生存)and
a
good
recovery.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.
Chinese
knots
stand
for
friendship,
love
and
good
luck.
2.
(2020·黑龙江哈三中检测)
Mark
Twain,
determined
to
make
(make)
his
fortune
in
the
South,
set
off
from
his
hometown
for
New
Orleans(新奥尔良).
3.
The
proposal
was
put
forward
that
effective
measures
(should)
be
taken
(take)
to
prevent
wild
animals
from
being
hunted
illegally.
4.
Newly-built
wooden
cottages
line
the
street,
turning
the
old
town
into
a
dreamland.
三、完成句子
1.
你能否实现你的梦想更多地取决于努力，而不是运气。
Whether
you
can
make
your
dream
come
true
depends
on
hard
work
more
than
luck.(come
true)
2.
我突然想起来我忘记了她的生日。
It
suddenly
occurred
to
me
that
I
had
forgotten
her
birthday.
(occur)
3.
一个失去家庭的人需要时间来度过他的悲伤。
A
person
who
loses
his
family
needs
time
to
work
through
his
sorrow.
(work)
B｜
综合练｜
能力提升｜
建议时间：7mins
语法填空
Earth
Day
is
an
event
1．________(annual)celebrated
on
April
22．2．________(found)by
Senator
Gaylord
Nelson,
an
American
politician
and
environmentalist,
it
was
originally
aimed
at
helping
the
public
to
know
the
current
situation
of
air
and
water
pollution
and
3．________(get)people
to
care
about
the
earth.
In
1962,
Rachel
Carson’s
bestselling
book
Silent
Spring
created
an
4．________(aware)of
the
dangerous
effects
pf
pesticides(农药).
Then,
a
fire,
5．________
broke
out
in
1969
on
Cleveland’s
Guyahoga
River,
shed
light
on
the
problem
of
chemical
pollution
in
water.
Senator
Gaylord
Nelson
dreamed
of
6．________
similar
large
event
that
would
get
people
to
take
environmental
issues
seriously.
In
1969,
he
was
inspired
by
protests
against
the
Vietnam
War
and
came
up
with
the
idea
for
Earth
Day.
In
the
fall
of
1969,
Nelson
announced
it
and
appealed
to
the
entire
country
to
get
involved.
Consequently，telegrams,
letters
and
telephone
calls
7．________
all
over
the
country
poured
in.
Since
1970,
Earth
Day
celebrations
have
grown.
Later,
Nelson
8．________(award)the
Presidential
Medal
of
Freedom
in
recognition
of
his
work.
Today,
Earth
Day
is
celebrated
around
the
world
every
April
22．Sometimes
numerous
communities
celebrate
Earth
Week,
an
entire
week
of
9．________(activity)focused
on
the
environmental
issues.
In
2017,
the
March
for
Science
10．________(occur)on
Earth
Day
(April
14,
2018)and
was
followed
by
the
People’s
Climate
Mobilization.
答案：【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了地球日的来历以及庆祝活动。
1．annually 考查词性转化。所填的词修饰动词celebrated，故用副词annually。
2．Founded 考查过去分词。found和it有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用动词-ed形式作状语。
3．getting 考查动名词。所填的词和上文的helping并列作介词at的宾语，所以用动名词形式。
4．awareness 考查词性转化。所填的词作宾语，所以用名词形式awareness。
5．which 考查关系代词。先行词是fire，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。
6．a 考查冠词。event是单数可数名称，此处表示数量“一”，所以填a。
7．from 考查介词。此处表示“来自全国各地的电话”，所以填from。
8．was
awarded 考查被动语态。award和Nelson有动宾关系，讲述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。
9．activities 考查名词复数。activity是可数名词，根据前面的
“an
entire
week
of”可知，activity要用复数形式。
10．occurred 考查时态。根据时间状语
“in
2017”可知，句子要用过去时。Unit8
Lesson2
&
Lesson3
1．founder
n．[C]
创办人，创始者→found
vt.
建立
2．profit
n．[C,U]利润，收益，赢利→profitable
adj．有利润的；有益的
3．organiser
n．[C]组织者→organise
vt.
&
vi.
组织→organisation
n．[C]组织→organised
adj．有组织的
4．contented
adj．满意的；满足的→content
n．[pl.]
所容纳之物；所含之物；内容；[pl.]
（书的）目录，目次；[sing.]
（书、讲话、节目等的）主题，主要内容；adj．满意；满足vt．使满意
5．agriculture
n．[U]
农业→agricultural
adj．农业的
6．survival
n．[U]存活，幸存；[C]幸存事物→survive
vi.存活，生存，继续存在；vt.
幸存，幸免于难，艰难度过；比……活(或存在)的时间长→survivor
n．[C]生还者，幸存者
7．determination
n．[U]决心，果断，坚定；(正式）决定，确定
→determine
vt.&vi.决心，决定→determined
adj.有决心的，意志坚定的；(尤指在困境中）坚决的，坚定的
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词
▲高频词
★▲1.
profit
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[C,U]利润，收益，赢利
a
rise/
an
increase
in
profits收益的上升/增长
a
drop/
fall
in
profits收益的跌落/下降
make
a
profit赚取利润
for
profit为了赢利
?It
will
make
the
cinema
owners
happy
if
more
people
go
to
the
movies
as
they
will
make
a
bigger
profit.
如果更多的人去看电影,电影院的老板会很高兴,因为他们就会赚更多的钱。
(2)vi.
&vt.
获益，得到好处，对……有用(或有益)
profit
from/by......
因……而获利/受益
profit
sb.
使某人获益
?Two
quarrel
and
a
third
profits
by
it.[谚]鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。
?Many
local
people
believe
the
development
will
profit
them.
当地的许多人认为，这项开发将对他们有利。
(3)profitable
adj.
有利润的；有益的
a
profitable
class
有收获的一堂课
【练习】1.语法填空
①(2019·北京阅读理解改编)She
donates(捐赠)
10%
of
AilieCandy’s
profits
(profit)
to
Big
Smiles.
②The
local
farmers
will
profit
from
/by
planting
fruit
trees
on
the
hills.
③They
don’t
set
up
this
company
for
profit,
but
to
help
the
local
people
with
more
job
opportunities
2.完成句子
(2018·江苏任务型阅读改编)It
is
wrong
to
assume
arts
groups
cannot
make
a
profit
(赚取利润).
★▲2.occur
【用法归纳】
(1)vi.
发生，出现
(2)vi.
(想法等)被想到
Sth.
occurs
to
sb.
(想法等)浮现在某人的脑海中。
It
occurs
to
sb.
that...
……的念头浮现在某人的脑海中。(It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，且that不能省略)
?The
thought
occurred
to
me
that
he
might
not
be
telling
the
truth.=
It
occurred
to
me
that
he
might
not
be
telling
the
truth.我突然想到他可能没有说真话。
注意
(1)occur的过去式和过去分词均为
occurred，现在分词为
occurring。
(2)occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。
occur作谓语时，主语不能为人。
【拓展】“发生”的其他表达
【练习】1.语法填空
①It
never
occurred
to
me
that
these
two
hard
chairs
were
kept
for
a
particular
purpose.
②When
I
was
at
a
loss,
the
idea
of
travelling
abroad
occurred
to
me.Ine
2.选择填空:occur/
happen/
break
out/
take
place
After
the
flu(流感)
broke
out
,
an
urgent
meeting
took
place
,
and
we
discussed
what
had
happened/occurred
among
the
students,
and
finally
agreed
on
the
way
to
prevent
it
spreading.
[高频短语]3.come
true
【用法归纳与拓展】
come
true意为“(希望、愿望等)实现，成为现实”。切记：come
true不用于被动语态。
注意
realize和
come
true均可以表示“实现”realize为及物动词，其后可跟宾语；而come
true为不及物短语动词，其后不可跟宾语。
come
true相当于
be
realized。
?他参加奥运会的梦想最终实现了。
His
dream
of
taking
part
in
the
Olympics
came
true
at
last.
His
dream
of
taking
part
in
the
Olympics
was
realized
at
last.
【练习】选择填空:
realize/
come
true
①(2020·天津单项填空改编)The
student
completed
this
experiment
to
make
come
true
what
Professor
Joseph
had
said.
②(2020·天津完形填空改编)
Jones’
idea
has
been
fully
realized
—the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”benches
help
break
down
the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.
★4.
proposal
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)
proposal
n.
[C,U]提议，建议
?Many
teachers
made
a
proposal
that
a
new
lab
(should)
be
built.
许多老师建议建造一个新的实验室。
(2)propose
vt.提议，建议(较正式)
propose
(doing)
sth.
提议/建议(做)某事
propose
that
It
is
proposed
that......
?In
his
speech
he
proposed
that
the
UN
should
set
up
an
emergency
centre
for
the
environment.
在演讲中他建议联合国建立一个环境应急中心。
【练习】语法填空
①A
proposal
(propose)was
put
forward
at
the
meeting
that
the
factory
shouldn’t
be
built
near
the
school.
②(2020·江苏盐城模考)
All
of
us
applauded(赞扬)
the
proposal
that
every
cent
(should)
be
used
(use)
where
it
is
needed
most.
③Some
teachers
proposed
putting
(put)off
the
sports
meeting
because
of
the
attack
of
the
typhoon.
④It
was
proposed
that
the
house
(should)
be
preserved
(preserve)
as
it
had
been
when
Lu
Xun
lived
in
it.
★▲5.
survive
【用法归纳】
(1)vi.存活，生存，继续存在
survive
on...
=
live
on...
靠……生存
?I
don’t
know
how
you
all
manage
to
survive
on
Jeremy’s
salary.
我不知道你们所有人只靠杰里米的薪水是怎样生活的。
(2)vt.
幸存，幸免于难，艰难度过
?Of
all
the
museum’s
paintings,
only
one
survived
the
fire.博物馆所有的画中，只有一幅在大火中幸存下来。
(3)vt.
比……活(或存在)的时间长
?The
woman
survived
her
brother
by
two
years.这位女士比她哥哥多活了两年。
【拓展】
(1)相关词语积累：
survivor
n.[C]生还者，幸存者
survival
n.[U]存活，幸存；[C]幸存事物
(2)动词
survive去掉e加上-al后变成名词
survival，类似的词还有：
remove→
removal
移动
refuse→
refusal拒绝
arrive→
arrival到达
approve→
approval赞成
propose→
proposal建议，提议
[语境串记]
Mr
Green
was
one
of
the
survivors
who
survived
the
earthquake.
He
told
us
he
survived
on
a
bottle
of
water.
Everyone
said
his
survival
was
a
wonder.格林先生是那次地震的幸存者之一。他告诉我们他是靠一瓶水活下来的。每个人都说他的存活是一个奇迹。
【练习】1.用survive的适当形式填空
①Workers
built
shelters
for
survivors
whose
homes
had
been
destroyed.
②Overfishing
and
pollution
are
threatening
the
survival
of
certain
fish
species,
2.单句写作
①战后，汤姆比他的朋友多活了10年。Tom
survived
his
friend
by
ten
years
after
the
war.
②我无法靠一周30美金维持生活。I
can’t
survive
on
$30
for
a
week.
★▲6.
overcome
vt.
控制（感情），克服（困难）；战胜（overcome的过去式和过去分词分别为overcame和overcome）
【用法归纳】
overcome
problems/difficulties克服困难
overcome
one’s
shyness/fear(s)
克服某人的羞怯/恐惧
overcome
the
enemy/opponent战胜敌人/对手
be
overcome
by...
被……（某种情绪）控制；受到……的极大影响
?We
can
overcome
any
difficulty.
我们能战胜任何困难。
【练习】用overcome的适当形式填空
①Finally
she
overcame
her
fears
and
stood
up.
②My
parents
always
tell
me
that
any
difficulty
can
be
overcome
as
long
as
you’re
determined.
2.单句写作：自信的孩子能更好地克服困难。
Children
with
confidence
are
able
to
overcome
difficulties
better.
★7.
determination
教材语境P35》（听力材料）She
has
made
a
huge
difference
with
her
determination
to
make
her
son’s
dreams
a
reality.
她决心让儿子的梦想成为现实，这使她做出了影响巨大的事情。
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[U]决心，果断，坚定
with
determination
顽强地，有决心地
the
determination
to
do
sth.
做某事的决心
(2)n.
[U](正式）决定，确定
?The
determination
of
who
should
be
invited
to
be
present
took
him
a
long
time.决定应该邀请谁出席花了他很长时间。
(3)词性拓展
①determine
vt.&vi.决心，决定
determine
to
do
sth.决定做某事
determine
on/upon
(doing)
sth.
决定/决心（做）某事
②determined
adj.有决心的，意志坚定的；(尤指在困境中）坚决的，坚定的
be
determined
to
do
sth.
决心做某事
be
determined
that......
决定……，坚信……
【练习】语法填空
①(2019·北京阅读理解改编)
With
her
talent
and
determination
(determine),
it
appears
that
the
sky
could
be
the
limit
for
Alice
Moore.
②(2020·黑龙江哈三中期末)
The
warriors
were
determined
(determine)
to
defend
their
homeland,
no
matter
how
difficult
it
was.
③My
sister
Lily
has
determined
to
go
(go)
to
Peking
University.
She
is
a
determined
(determine)
girl,
so
we
know
that
once
she
has
determined
on/upon
something,
she
will
make
her
dream
come
true
with
great
determination
(determine)
★8.former
【用法归纳与拓展】former为形容词，意为“昔日的；以前的；前者的”，常与the连用，表示
“（两者中的）前者”。the
former常与the
latter构成“the
former...the
latter...”结构，表示“前者……后者……”。
【练习】完成句子：这两个国家中，前者比后者发展得快。
Of
these
two
countries,
the
former
is
developing
faster
than
the
latter
.
短语巩固
代表
stand
for
学生会
the
student
union/the
students’
union
把……变成……
turn...into...
serve
a
purpose
有作用
调整（情绪）work
through
从事，致力于
work
on
重点句型分析
教材P35》Alive
or
fallen,
you
served
a
purpose.无论是活着还是倒下，你都有用途。
【句式分析】形容词短语Alive
or
fallen作状语，相当于Whether
you
were
alive
or
fallen.
【考点提炼】形容词（短语）作状语
(1)位置：通常位于句首或句末，有时位于句中。位于句首时，一般用逗号与句子其他成分隔开；位于句末时可隔开也可不隔开。
(2)作用：用于说明主语的状态或表示原因、方式、伴随、让步等。
?He
returned
from
the
war,
safe
and
sound.他从这场战争中归来，安然无志。
?Unhappy
with
the
result,
he
decided
to
do
more
experiments.因为对结果不满意，所以他决定做更多的实验。
?He
arrived
at
the
mountain
village,
cold,
hungry
and
tired
out
on
Sunday
night.
星期天夜里，他抵达了那个山村，又冷又饿，疲惫不堪。
【练习】完成句子
①(2020·陕西汉中期末）Angry
and
disappointed
(既生气又失望),
Mary
began
to
cry
loudly
and
then
ran
out
of
the
room.
②These
travellers
returned
to
the
hotel
,
tired
and
sleepy
(又累又困).
巩固练习
A
基础练｜
知识巩固
｜
建议时间：15
mins
一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1.
Bill
Gates
,
founder
(创办者)of
Microsoft,
is
a
classic
example
of
success.
2.
What
he
cares
is
how
much
profit
(利润)
he
can
get
from
the
project.
3.
(2020·天津5月单项填空改编)A
survey
carried
out
last
year
showed
that
80%
of
the
middle-aged
in
this
city
were
in
favour
of
the
proposal
for
health
care
reform.
4.
A
rare
snowstorm
swept
across
the
region
yesterday.
5.
(2020·江苏南通期末)
The
greatest
gifts
in
life
are
not
purchased(购买),
but
acquired
through
hard
work
and
determination
.
[解析]生命中最伟大的礼物不是买来的
6.
The
20th
century
saw
cars
become
more
and
more
popular
among
ordinary
people
.
7.
Through
practice,
you
will
be
able
to
overcome
anxiety
and
fear
in
public
speaking.
8.
The
organisers
(组织者)
had
planned
to
find
four
musicians
who
could
act
as
well
as
sing.
9.
Chemical
pollution
will
bring
about
a
threat
to
agriculture
（农业）and
the
food
chain,
and
consequently
to
human
health.
[解析]化学污染将给农业和食物链带来威胁，进而威胁人类健康。
10.
First
aid
given
at
the
scene
in
time
can
increase
the
victim’s
chance
of
survival
(生存)and
a
good
recovery.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.
Chinese
knots
stand
for
friendship,
love
and
good
luck.
2.
(2020·黑龙江哈三中检测)
Mark
Twain,
determined
to
make
(make)
his
fortune
in
the
South,
set
off
from
his
hometown
for
New
Orleans(新奥尔良).
3.
The
proposal
was
put
forward
that
effective
measures
(should)
be
taken
(take)
to
prevent
wild
animals
from
being
hunted
illegally.
4.
Newly-built
wooden
cottages
line
the
street,
turning
the
old
town
into
a
dreamland.
三、完成句子
1.
你能否实现你的梦想更多地取决于努力，而不是运气。
Whether
you
can
make
your
dream
come
true
depends
on
hard
work
more
than
luck.(come
true)
2.
我突然想起来我忘记了她的生日。
It
suddenly
occurred
to
me
that
I
had
forgotten
her
birthday.
(occur)
3.
一个失去家庭的人需要时间来度过他的悲伤。
A
person
who
loses
his
family
needs
time
to
work
through
his
sorrow.
(work)
B｜
综合练｜
能力提升｜
建议时间：7mins
语法填空
Earth
Day
is
an
event
1．________(annual)celebrated
on
April
22．2．________(found)by
Senator
Gaylord
Nelson,
an
American
politician
and
environmentalist,
it
was
originally
aimed
at
helping
the
public
to
know
the
current
situation
of
air
and
water
pollution
and
3．________(get)people
to
care
about
the
earth.
In
1962,
Rachel
Carson’s
bestselling
book
Silent
Spring
created
an
4．________(aware)of
the
dangerous
effects
pf
pesticides(农药).
Then,
a
fire,
5．________
broke
out
in
1969
on
Cleveland’s
Guyahoga
River,
shed
light
on
the
problem
of
chemical
pollution
in
water.
Senator
Gaylord
Nelson
dreamed
of
6．________
similar
large
event
that
would
get
people
to
take
environmental
issues
seriously.
In
1969,
he
was
inspired
by
protests
against
the
Vietnam
War
and
came
up
with
the
idea
for
Earth
Day.
In
the
fall
of
1969,
Nelson
announced
it
and
appealed
to
the
entire
country
to
get
involved.
Consequently，telegrams,
letters
and
telephone
calls
7．________
all
over
the
country
poured
in.
Since
1970,
Earth
Day
celebrations
have
grown.
Later,
Nelson
8．________(award)the
Presidential
Medal
of
Freedom
in
recognition
of
his
work.
Today,
Earth
Day
is
celebrated
around
the
world
every
April
22．Sometimes
numerous
communities
celebrate
Earth
Week,
an
entire
week
of
9．________(activity)focused
on
the
environmental
issues.
In
2017,
the
March
for
Science
10．________(occur)on
Earth
Day
(April
14,
2018)and
was
followed
by
the
People’s
Climate
Mobilization.
