Unit
5 Travelling
abroad
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__motherland__n．祖国2．__lecture__n．&vi．演讲；讲课3．__queue__n．队列；行列vi．排队4．__idiom__
n．习语；成语5．__acknowledge__vt．承认；确认；答谢6．__routine__
n．常规；日常事务adj．通常的；例行的7．__optional__adj可选择的；随意的8．__destination__n．
目的地9．__hike__vi．&
n．远足；徒步旅行10．__agent__n．
代理人；经纪人
1．
As
for
me,
reading
newspapers
has
become
my
__routine__
(通常的；例行的)
work
every
day．2．
Don't
jump
the
__queue__
(队列)
when
all
the
people
are
waiting．3．There
will
be
a
__lecture__(演讲)
on
pollution
given
by
Professor
Wang
from
Beijing
University
in
the
Science
Palace
tomorrow
morning．4．
No
dictionaries
can
cover
all
the
English
__idioms__
(习语)．5．(2020·天津卷)According
to
Professor
Johnson,
we
don't
have
to
read
the
book
if
we
don't
want
to,
as
it
is
optional(可选择的)．6．This
Sunday,
my
classmates
and
I
are
going
to
the
West
Hill
for
__hiking__
(hike)．7．It
__
is
acknowledged__
(acknowledge)
that
wealth
doesn't
necessarily
mean
happiness．
拓展单词
1．__qualification__
n．资格；资历→__qualified__adj．有资格的；能胜任的→__qualify__
vt．(使)合格；(使)具有资格2．__preparation__
n．准备；预备→__prepare__
vt．准备3．__recommend__
vt．推荐；建议→__recommendation__
n．推荐；介绍；建议4．__comfort__
n．舒适；安慰vt．安慰→__comfortable__adj．舒适的→__comfortably__
adv．舒适地5．__requirement__
n．需要；要求→__require__
vt．需要6．__revise__
vt．复查；修正；复习→__revision__
n．复查；修正；复习7．__occupy__
vt．占用；占领；占据→__occupation__n．职业→
__occupied__
adj．忙于；使用中8．__apology__
n．道歉；谢罪→__apologize__
vi．道歉9．__abundant__
adj．丰富的；充裕的→__abundance__n．丰富10．__govern__
vt．&
vi．统治；支配；管理→__governor__n．统治者→__government
__n．政府
1．These
new
shoes
are
not
very
__comfortable__
though
they
are
designed
for
__comfort__．
(comfort)2．
He
is
__preparing__
for
the
exam,
while
his
brother
is
making
__preparations__
for
the
sports
meeting．
(prepare)
3．This
is
strictly
__required__，so
if
you
don't
match
this
__requirement__
,
please
do
not
send
your
resume．
(require)
4．She
__apologized__
to
the
teacher
for
her
being
late,
and
he
accepted
her
__apology__．
(apologize)5．He
__occupies__
an
important
position
in
a
company,
and
is
__occupied__
with
all
kinds
of
activities,
so
his
__occupation
__
brings
him
great
fame
and
fortune．
(occupy)6．The
young
man
was
__recommended__
as
manager
of
the
big
company
thanks
to
the
__recommendation__
letter
of
his
professor．
(recommend)7．In
a
democratic
and
progressive
__government__，the
__governors__
always
__govern__
its
people
in
more
severe
legal
means．
(govern)
联想积累：
1．“演讲，报道”词汇一览
①lecture
n．
&
vi． 演讲；讲课
②speech
n．
报告，演说
③report
n．
报告，报道
④address
vt．
演讲，致词
⑤deliver
a
speech
发表演讲
⑥give
a
lecture
发表演讲
2．学会“道歉与原谅”
①apologize
vi．
道歉
②apology
n．
道歉；谢罪
③excuse
vt．
原谅，宽恕
④forgive
vt．
原谅，宽恕
⑤pardon
n．&
vt．
原谅，宽恕
⑥forget
it
算了，没关系
3．“建议”高频词小结
①advice
n．
建议
②advise
vt．
建议；忠告
③suggest
vt．
建议；提议
④suggestion
n．
建议
⑤proposal
n．
提议；建议
⑥propose
v．
建议
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__adjust
to__适应
2．__keep
it
up__保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
3．__fit
in__相适应；相融和
4．__as
far
as
one
is
concerned__就……而言
5．__be
occupied
with
__忙着做……；忙于某事物
6．__day
in
and
day
out__日复一日
7．__out
of
the
question__不可能的；不值得讨论的
8．__settle
in__(迁入新居、更换工作后)
安顿下来
9．__get/be
used
to__对……适应；习惯
10．__take
up
__占用时间；占据空间；继续；开始从事
语境运用
1．Beijing
is
much
colder
than
Hainan
Island
and
at
the
beginning
he
had
great
difficulty
__adjusting
to__
the
climate
there．
2．__As
far
as
I
am
concerned__，playing
computer
games
not
only
wastes
much
time
but
also
is
harmful
to
our
health．
3．What
I
am
concerned
about
is
whether
they
could
__fit
in__
with
society
and
how
we
can
create
more
opportunities
for
them．
4．My
mother
has
__taken
up__
teaching
since
she
graduated
from
the
university．
5．Since
he
has
just
had
a
major
operation,
he
knows
that
a
trip
to
Europe
this
summer
is
__out
of
the
question__．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．It
was
the
first
time
she
had
ever
left
her
motherland．这是她第一次离开祖国。
It
is/was
the
first
time(that)．．．“第一次……”(从句中用完成时态。)
1．2022年冬奥会将在北京和张家口举行，这是中国第一次成功申办(bid)冬奥会。The
2022
Olympic
Winter
Games
will
take
place
in
Beijing
and
Zhangjiakou,
and
it
was
the
first
time
that
__China
had
won
the
bid
successfully
to
host
the
Winter
Olympics__．
2．But
I
was
also
very
nervous
as
I
didn't
know
what
to
expect．．．但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我所期望的是什么……
“疑问词＋不定式”结构。
2．(北京高考书面表达)我们讨论了把什么放进这个录像带里。We
debated
over
__what
to
put
into
the
video__．
3．I
have
been
so
occupied
with
work
that
I
haven't
had
time
for
social
activities．我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去搞社交活动。
so．．．that“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
3．(北京高考书面表达)那段视频是如此完美以至于很受欢迎。学生们和老师们度过了美好的时光。The
video
was
__so
perfect
that__
it
was
well
received．
The
students
and
teachers
shared
a
great
time．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．recommend
vt．推荐；建议
词汇拓展
recommendation
n．
推荐；介绍信
用法归纳
(1)recommend
doing
sth．建议做某事
recommend
sb．to
do
sth．建议某人做某事
recommend
that
sb．(should)do
sth．
建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)
(2)recommend
sb．sth．向某人推荐某物
recommend
sb．/sth．to
sb．把某人/某物推荐给某人
recommend
sb．as．．．推荐某人为……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·北京卷)He
recommended
that
she
__do__
(do)some
research
and
talk
to
dentists
about
what
a
healthier
candy
would
contain．
②I
recommend
you
__to
think__(think)
very
carefully
before
you
do
anything
foolish．
③The
doctor
strongly
recommended__limiting__(limit)the
amount
of
fat
in
my
diet．
④(2019·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Our
hosts
shared
many
of
their
experiences
and
__recommended__
(recommend)
wonderful
places
to
eat,
shop,
and
visit．
提能—词汇升级。
⑤(北京卷书面表达)A
great
many
tourist
spots
can
be
found
along
the
Yangtze
River
and
that's
why
I
suggest
the
trip
to
you．
→A
great
many
tourist
spots
can
be
found
along
the
Yangtze
River
and
that's
why
I
__recommend__
the
trip
to
you．
2．acknowledge
vt．承认；确认；答谢
词汇拓展
acknowledgement
n．承认；感谢；收件复函
用法归纳
(1)acknowledge
．．．as/to
be
．．．承认……为……；公认……是……
acknowledge
doing
sth．承认做过某事
acknowledge
that
．．．承认……
It
is
universally
acknowledged
that
．．．人们普遍认为……
(2)in
acknowledgement
of．．．为感谢……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Her
years
of
hard
work
have
finally
__been
acknowledged__
(acknowledge)
after
a
customer
nominated(提名)
her
to
be
Cheshire's
Woman
Of
The
Year．
②He
acknowledged
__being
defeated__
(defeat)
in
public，which
made
us
surprised．
③English
is
acknowledged
__as__
the
language
of
business,
science,
IT
and
the
Internet
around
the
world．
提能—熟词生义。
④First
of
all,
he
told
me，I
couldn't
write
what
other
people
had
said
without
acknowledging
them．
__感谢__
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)大家普遍认为这部电影具有指导意义，并且充满情感。
__It
is
widely
acknowledged
that__
the
film
is
instructive
and
full
of
emotion．
3．occupy
vt．占领；占有；占据
词汇拓展
occupation
n．占领；职业；工作
occupied
adj．已占用的；无空闲的
用法归纳
(1)occupy
oneself
with
sth．/in
doing
sth．忙于某事/做某事；专心于某事/做某事
occupy
one's
mind/thoughts/attention占据某人的头脑/思想/注意力
(2)be
occupied
in(doing)
sth．忙于(做)某事
keep
sb．
occupied使人忙碌
be
occupied
with
sth．从事/忙于某事
(3)“忙于……的”其他表达
be
busy
(in)
doing
sth．/with
sth．
be
engaged
in
doing
sth．
be
buried
in
sth．
be
employed
in
sth．
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①He
would
have
attended
your
birthday
party
but
he
occupied
__himself__
(he)
with
a
very
important
experiment．
②Later，I
went
to
a
cafe
to
have
lunch,
but
all
the
tables
__were
occupied__
(occupy)．
③Choosing
an
__occupation__
(occupy)
takes
time,
and
there
are
a
lot
of
things
you
have
to
think
about．
提能—一句多译。
她在家忙于照看三个孩子，没有时间参加俱乐部各种各样的活动。
④She__
is
occupied
in
looking
after__three
children
at
home,
so
she
has
no
time
to
take
part
in
the
various
activities
in
the
club．
⑤__Occupied
in
looking
after__
three
children
at
home,
she
has
no
time
to
take
part
in
the
various
activities
in
the
club．
(过去分词短语作状语)
⑥__Occupying
herself
in
looking
after__
three
children
at
home,
she
has
no
time
to
take
part
in
the
various
activities
in
the
club．
(现在分词短语作状语)
4．keep
it
up
保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
归纳拓展
keep
up
坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)；不低落
keep
up
with
赶上；不落在后面
keep
away
from
(使)不接近；(使)远离
keep．．．
in
mind
牢记
keep(on)doing
sth．一直/继续做某事
keep
one's
word/promise
履行诺言
keep
in
touch
with．．．与……保持联系
keep
an
eye
on
照看；密切注视
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/补全句子。
①(全国卷Ⅲ)If
the
steps
you
take
are
working,
keep
__it__
up．
If
not,
take
another
and
look
at
other
methods
you
could
try．
②I
keep
__wondering__
(wonder)
how
you
feel
about
your
school
life
in
Beijing．
③__Keeping
in
touch
with
our
friends__(与朋友保持联系)is
an
important
part
of
friendship．
④Old
people
are
still
__keeping
up
old
traditions__
(保持老传统),
to
which
they
have
been
accustomed．
提能—单句写作。
⑤In
face
of
the
challenge
for
the
moment,
it's
the
most
important
to
__keep
up
a
good
state
of
spirit__．
面对眼前的挑战，保持良好的精神状态是最重要的。
5．fit
in相适应；相融合
归纳拓展
fit
sb(大小)适合某人
fit
in
with
与……合得来；适应
keep
fit/healthy
保持健康
be
fit
for
(to
do)
sth．适合(做)某事；胜任(做)某事
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Sharing
with
friends
helped
me
bring
back
my
confidence
and
fit
in
__with__
others．
②He
tried
as
much
as
he
could
to
fit
__in__
but
he
could
not
because
his
mind
was
at
home．
③__Keeping__
(keep)
fit
requires
a
combination
of
healthy
eating
and
regular
exercise．
提能—熟词生义。
④I'll
try
and
fit
you
in
after
lunch．
__找时间见到你__
提能—一句多译。
我来这儿已经近一年了，可是我还是很难适应这儿的环境。
⑤I
have
been
here
for
almost
one
year,
but
I
still
can't
__fit
in
with
the
environment__
here．
⑥I
have
been
here
for
almost
one
year,
but
I
still
can't
__adjust
to/adapt
to
the
environment__
here．
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．It
is
required
that
the
new
employees__(should)be
provided__(provide)safety
training
before
they
start
to
work．
2．Were
it
not
for
science,
we
could
not
live
a__comfortable__(comfort)
life．
3．Most
authorities
recommend
__letting__
(let)
the
baby
nurse
whenever
it
wants．
4．__Occupying__(occupy)
herself
with
routine
office
tasks,
she
had
no
time
to
attend
to
her
children．
5．Is
this
the
first
time
that
you
__have
taken__
(take)
a
plane?
6．You'll
soon
get
used
to__speaking__(speak)
in
public．
7．I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
I
am
competent
to
meet
your
__requirements__
(require)．
8．(2018·天津卷)Relearning
the
art
of
seeing
the
world
around
us
is
quite
simple,
although
it
takes
practice
and
requires
__breaking__
(break)
some
bad
habits．
9．(2017·全国Ⅲ)Today,
the
debate
continues
over
how
well
the
gray
wolf
is
__fitting
in__
at
Yellowstone．
10．(全国Ⅰ)If
we
substitute
a
number
__for__
each
letter,
the
message
“Meet
me”
would
read
“13
5
5
20
13
5”．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．The
shop
assistant
recommended
that
my
daughter
bought
that
English
novel．
__bought→buy__
2．Buying
a
new
house
in
the
city
is
out
of
question
for
us．
We
can't
afford
it．
__question前加the__
3．I
was
feeling
a
bit
nervous
because
it
was
the
first
time
that
I
have
given
a
speech
on
my
own．
__have→had__
4．They
had
enough
money
to
live
in
comfortable
in
their
old
age．
__comfortable→comfort__
5．He
doesn't
care
about
examinations
and
never
makes
preparations
of
them．
__of→for__
6．It
is
out
of
question
that
the
two
men
will
help
those
in
need．
They
are
so
mean．
__of后加the__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．因为不知道如何打中目标，他向教练求助。(疑问词＋to
do；target)
__Not
knowing
how
to
hit
the
target，he
turned
to
his
coach
for
help．__
2．尽管不情愿，最终他们还是承认被打败了。(acknowledge)
__Though
unwilling，they
acknowledged
having
been
defeated
at
last．__
3．这是他第一次反思自己对父母所做的事情。(This
is
the
first
time．．．；reflect)
__This
is
the
first
time
that
he
has
reflected
on
what
he
had
done
to
his
parents．__
4．他很有野心，所以充分利用每一次获得提升的机会。(so．．．that．．．)
__He
was
so
ambitious
that
he
tried
to
make
good
use
of
each
opportunity
to
get
promoted．__
5．在很多机器上塑料的部分可以代替金属的部分，但不能持久。(substitute)
__Plastic
parts
can
substitute
for
metal
ones
in
many
machines，but
they
don't
last
long．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Six
months
ago
Xie
Lei
boarded
a
plane
for
London
__1．to
complete__(complete)
a
business
qualification．
__2．When__
she
came
to
England,
she
lived
with
a
host
family,
__3．whose__
members
always
helped
her．
At
the
beginning
she
had
to
face
such
difficulties
of
daily
life
__4．such
as__
how
to
use
the
phone,
and
how
to
pay
bus
fare．
Besides,
she
also
__5．had__(have)
to
face
the
difficulties
of
learning
at
the
university．
Studying
there
was
quite
__6．different(differ)
from
studying
in
China
and
she
needed
some
preparation
first．
She
had
to
get
__7．used__(use)
to
a
new
way
of
life,
which
took
up
all
her
concentration．
It
was
__8．beneficial__(benefit)
as
well
as
difficult
for
her
to
study
in
London．
She
learned
how
to
fulfill
Western
academic
__9．requirements__(require)．
Xie
Lei
also
learned
that
as
__10．a__
student,
she
should
not
use
other
people's
work
but
try
to
express
her
own
ideas．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你是李华，你的朋友彼得在中国留学，但是他很难适应，写信向你求助，请按以下写作要点给他回信。
①表示难过；②提出合理化建议；③提出希望。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①得知你发现很难适应在中国生活和学习我很难过，我想给你提一些实用的建议。
Sorry
to
hear
that
you
__find
it
hard
to
adjust
to
living
and
studying
in
China__I'd
like
to
offer
you
some
practical
suggestions．
②你最好放松。
__You'd
better
take
it
easy．
__
③因为这是你第一次到国外，你觉得很难适应是自然的。
As
this
__is
the
first
time
that
you
have
been
in
a
foreign
country__，it's
natural
for
you
to
__have
trouble
settling
in__．
④我强烈推荐你多和同学交流，这不仅会促进你的汉语口语，也能帮助你和他们相处融洽。(定语从句)
__I
strongly
recommend
that
you
communicate__more
with
your
classmates，__
which
will
not
only
improve
your
spoken
Chinese__，__but
also
help
you
fit
in
with
them
__．
⑤在中国学习可以拓宽你的视野并给你一个体验丰富的中国传统文化的机会。
Studying
in
China
can
__have
your
horizon
broadened__and
give
you
a
chance
to
__experience
abundant
traditional
Chinese
culture__．
⑥坚持下去，你一定会爱上中国。
__Keep
it
up，and
you
are
bound
to
love
China．
__
?升级平淡句
利用独立主格结构升级句③
__This
being
the
first
time
that
you
have
been
in
a
foreign
country，it's
natural
for
you
to
have
trouble
settling
in．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：first
of
all，what's
more，as
far
as
I
am
concerned等)
__Dear
Peter，__
__Sorry
to
hear
that
you
find
it
hard
to
adjust
to
living
and
studying
in
China,
I'd
like
to
offer
you
some
practical
suggestions．
First
of
all,
you'd
better
take
it
easy．
This
being
the
first
time
that
you
have
been
in
a
foreign
country,
it's
natural
for
you
to
have
trouble
settling
in．
I
strongly
recommend
that
you
communicate
more
with
your
classmates,
which
will
not
only
improve
your
spoken
Chinese，but
also
help
you
fit
in
with
them．
What's
more,
studying
in
China
can
have
your
horizon
broadened
and
give
you
a
chance
to
experience
abundant
traditional
Chinese
culture．
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
keep
it
up,
and
you
are
bound
to
love
China．__
__Yours，__
__Li
Hua__
PAGEUnit
4 Sharing
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__textbook__n．教科书；课本2．__weekly__adj．&
adv．每周(的)3．__relevant
__adj．有关的；切题的4．__remote__adj．遥远的；偏僻的5．__otherwise__conj．否则；不然adv．用别的方法；其他方面6．__privilege__n．特权；特别优待7．__astronaut
__n．宇航员；太空人8．__anniversary__n．
周年纪念(日)9．__political__adj．政治的；政党的10．__purchase
__vt．&
n．买；购买
1．I
think
we
need
to
read
some
materials
that
are
__relevant__
(有关的)
to
the
topic
we
are
discussing．
2．
Besides,
we
need
friends
to
share
our
joys
and
sorrows,
__otherwise__
(否则)
we
will
feel
lonely．3．Our
class
are
going
to
visit
poor
children
in
a
__remote
__
(遥远的)
mountainous
area
this
weekend．
4．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读)I
encourage
readers
to
go
to
their
local
library
when
they
can't
afford
to
purchase(购买)a
book．5．(全国卷Ⅲ)
Keep
a
record
and
evaluate
it
__weekly__
(week)．6．
(全国卷Ⅱ
)I
feel
it
a
__privilege__
(privileged)
to
invite
you
to
join
us
in
the
exhibition．
拓展单词
1．__adjust__
vi．&
vt．调整；(使)适合→__adjustable__
adj．可调整的→__adjustment__
n．调整；调节；适应2．__participate__
vi．参与；参加→__participation__
n．参加；参与→__participant__
n．参与者3．__operate__
vi．工作；运转vt．操作→__operation__
n．手术；运转→__operator__
n．操作人员4．__donate__
vt．捐赠→__donation__
n．捐赠→__donator
__n．捐赠者5．__voluntary__
adj．自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→__volunteer__
n．自愿者；志愿者vi．自愿做6．__distribute__
vt．分配；分发→__distribution
__
n．分配；分发；分布状态7．__arrangement__
n．安排；排列→__arrange__
v．准备；安排8．__security__
n．安全；保护；保障→__secure
__vt．使安全
1．
The
__operator__
is
__operating__
the
big
machine
according
to
the
__operation
__
guidance．
(operate)
2．We
__donate__
fund
to
the
school
every
year．
The
__donation__
is
given
to
those
who
are
in
need．
(donate)
3．The
desks
and
chairs
are
__adjustable__
and
you
can
__adjust__
them
to
the
height
of
the
students．
The
__adjustment
__
is
not
difficult
to
make．
(adjust)4．The
__volunteer__
said
that
he
was
willing
to
participate
in
the
__voluntary__
activity．
(volunteer)
5．We
encouraged
anyone
to
__participate__
in
the
singing
competition
and
the
__participant__
who
wins
will
be
given
a
gift
as
prize
for
the
__participation__．
(participate)
6．We
could
make
an
__arrangement__
to
meet
at
the
school
gate
at
10
a．
m．
and
__arrange__
for
the
following
activity．
(arrange)
联想积累：
1．含“-ment”后缀的高频名词
①adjustment
调整
②statement
陈述
③achievement
成就
④advertisement
广告
⑤entertainment
娱乐
2．以“-s”结尾的非复数名词
①news
新闻
②politics
政治
③physics
物理
④abacus
算盘
⑤economics
经济学
3．含“-able”后缀的高频形容词
①adjustable
可调节的
②respectable
可敬的
③adaptable
可适应的
④reasonable
合理的
⑤agreeable
欣然同意的
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__hear
from__接到……的信；得到……的消息
2．__(be)
dying
to__极想；渴望
3．__the
other
day__不久前的一天
4．__be
relevant
to．．．__和……有关
5．__participate
in
__参与……；参加……
6．__dry
out__(使浸水等之物)
完全变干；干透
7．__dry
up__(指河流、井等)干涸
8．__in
need__在困难中；在危急中
9．__get
through__完成；穿过；通过；接通；使理解
10．__stick
out__伸出
11．__make
a
difference
__起作用
12．__come
across__偶然遇到
语境运用
1．Faced
with
challenges,
you
should
believe
your
courage
will
__make
a
difference__．
2．Don't
believe
those
who
leave
their
friends
when
they
are
in
trouble
because
“A
friend
__in
need
__
is
a
friend
indeed”．
3．I
__heard
from
__you
the
other
day,
which
delighted
me
very
much．
4．__Participating
in__
this
club
helps
us
to
learn
more
about
drama,
and
develop
our
self-confidence
and
cultural
qualities
as
well．
5．During
the
drought,
the
river
__dried
up
__;_as
a
result,
many
fish
died．
6．On
my
way
home
yesterday,
I
__came
across__
my
former
classmate
and
we
had
a
very
good
time．
7．I
tried
calling
you
several
times,
but
I
couldn't
__get
through__．
8．It's
clear
that
the
young
American
__is
dying
to
__
learn
Chinese
from
you．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．To
be
honest,
I
doubt
whether
I'm
making
any
difference
to
these
mboys'
lives
at
all．说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。
doubt
whether．．．“怀疑是否……”。doubt用于肯定句时，后面常用whether引导宾语从句或同位语从句。
1．诚实地说，我怀疑他们是否能按时参加会议。To
be
honest,
I
__doubt
whether
they
will
attend
the
meeting__
on
time．
2．We
walked
for
two
and
a
half
hours
to
get
there—first
up
a
mountain
to
a
ridge
from
where
we
had
fantastic
views．我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊，从那里我们看到了奇妙的景色。
from
where
we
had
fantastic
views是“介词＋where”引导的定语从句。
2．那个男孩爬到了那栋建筑物的三楼，从那个地方他可以更好地欣赏整个城市。The
boy
climbed
into
the
third
storey
of
the
building,
__from
where
he
could
have
a
good
view
of
the
city__．
3．The
gift
you
give
is
not
something
your
loved
one
keeps
but
a
voluntary
contribution
towards
the
lives
of
people
who
really
need
it．你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。
not．．．but．．．“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列成分。
3．能给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少，而是我们对于自己所做的事情付出了多少爱。It
is
__not
how
much
we
do
but__
how
much
love
we
put
into
what
we
do
that
benefits
our
work
most．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．adjust
vi．&
vt．调整；(使)适合；校准
词汇拓展
adjustment
n．
调整；调节；适应
用法归纳
(1)adjust．．．to．．．调整……以适应……
adjust
to(doing)sth．适应于(做)某事
adjust
oneself
to．．．
使自己适应于……
(2)make
an
adjustment
to．．．
对……作出调整
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/补全句子。
①The
first
time
I
set
foot
on
the
country，I
couldn't
adjust
__to__
the
customs
of
the
country．
②We
have
made
an
__adjustment__
(adjust)
to
our
price
and
give
you
a
special
discount
of
3
percent．
③I
really
hope
you
can
__adjust
your
emotion__
(调整你的情绪)
and
can
be
happy
every
day．
提能—单句写作。
④(2018·北京卷书面表达)To
be
frank，studying
for
a
degree
in
a
different
culture
is
never
easy．
Only
by
learning
some
basic
Chinese
ahead
of
time
__can
you
adjust
yourself
to
the
life
in
Beijing__．
坦率地说，在不同的文化背景下攻读学位从来都不容易。只有提前学习一些基本的汉语，你才能很快适应北京的生活。
2．donate
vt．捐赠；赠予
词汇拓展
donation
n．捐赠
donator
n．
捐赠者
用法归纳
(1)donate
blood
献血
donate
(money,
goods,
etc．)
to
．．．捐(钱、物等)给……
(2)make/give/present
a
donation
to
sb．捐赠给某人
send
a
donation
to．．．把捐款寄至……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·江苏卷)This
has
led
companies
and
individuals
to
donate
money
__to__
developing
countries
to
buy
computer
equipment
and
internet
facilities．
②I
believe
these
__donated__
(donate)
books
will
not
only
make
you
more
familiar
with
China
but
help
improve
your
Chinese．
③Besides,
we
made
a
__donation__
(donate)
of
120,000
yuan
to
you,
expecting
that
it
can
help
you
get
through
the
difficulties．
提能—句式升级。
④The
old
man
donated
a
lot
of
money
to
the
school．
It
enables
the
students
to
return
to
their
classroom．
→The
old
man
donated
a
lot
of
money
to
the
school,
__enabling
the
students
to
return
to
their
classroom__．(分词作定语)
3．participate
vt．参与；参加
词汇拓展
participant
n．参加者
participation
n．参与；分担
用法归纳
participate
in
参加
participate
with
sb．in
(doing)
sth．同某人一起参加/参与(做)某事
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Besides,
our
school
set
up
a
volleyball
team
and
a
basketball
team．
Both
teams
train
for
two
hours
a
day
and
__participate__
(participant)
in
competitions
regularly．
②__Having
participated__
(participate)in
several
similar
activities
before,
I
know
well
how
to
handle
emergencies．
③Things
will
turn
for
the
better
if
we
can
work
out
some
__participation__
(participate)
rules
for
people
to
obey．
提能—句式升级。
④Those
who
want
to
join
in
the
contest
are
supposed
to
sign
up
before
May
20th．
→Those
who
want
to
__participate
in__
the
contest
are
supposed
to
sign
up
before
May
20th．
4．operate
vi．工作；运转；给……动手术；起作用 vt．操作；经营
词汇拓展
operation
n．
运转；手术
operator
n．(电话)接线员
用法归纳
(1)operate
on/upon
sb．给某人动手术
(2)come/go
into
operation
开始工作/运转；生效
put．．．into
operation
实施/施行……
in
operation工作中；使用中；有效
perform
an
operation做手术
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中operate的词性和含义。
①People
were
trapped
between
floors
because
the
lift
didn't
operate
properly．__vi．运转__
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Computers
are
much
easier
to
operate．
__vt．操作__
③If
the
doctor
had
operated
on
him
earlier，he
wouldn't
have
died．
__vi．动手术__
④They
had
to
sell
the
firm
because
for
years
they
had
operated
it
in
the
red．
__vt．经营__
⑤This
kind
of
material
operates
as
a
very
effective
protection．
__vi．起作用__
夯基—单句语法填空。
⑥For
most
people,
it's
almost
impossible
__to
operate__
(operate)
a
computer
without
a
mouse,
let
alone
surf
the
Internet．
⑦We're
all
ready
to
put
it
__into__
operation;
in
other
words,
we're
going
to
take
action
as
soon
as
possible．
5．privilege
n．特权；特别优待
词汇拓展
privileged
adj．享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的
用法归纳
(1)have
the
privilege
to
do/of
doing
sth．有做某事的特权；有幸做某事
It
is
a
privilege
to
do
sth．做某事是荣幸的
(2)feel/be
privileged
to
do
sth．做某事是荣幸的
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①We
all
feel
privileged
__to
be
invited__(invite)
here．
②He's
glad
that
he
has
the
privilege
__to
have__(have)
the
chance
to
study
abroad．
提能—单句写作/句式升级。
③我们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。
We
are
__privileged
to
have__
a
distinguished
guest
with
us
tonight．
④用it作形式主语改写③句
__It
is
a
privilege
to
have
a
distinguished
guest
with
us
tonight．__
6．(be)
dying
to
极想；渴望
归纳拓展
(1)渴望得到某物
(2)想要(做)
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①By
the
way，I
am
dying
__to
learn__
(learn)
more
detailed
information
about
this
activity．
②He
__has
been
longing__
(long)
to
attend
college
since
he
was
a
little
boy．
Now
his
dream
has
come
true．
③The
child
can't
wait
to
return
to
school
because
he
is
thirsty
__for__
knowledge．
提能—单句写作。
有一个人很想找到成功的方法，但不知道怎样做。
④There
is
a
man
__who
is
dying
to
find
the
way
to
success__，but
he
doesn't
know
how
to
do
it．
7．in
need在困难中；在危急中
归纳拓展
in
need
of
需要
satisfy/meet
one's
needs
满足某人的需要
there
is
no
need
(for
sb．)
to
do
sth．(某人)没有必要做某事
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(全国卷Ⅱ)If
we
stay
at
home,
it
is
comfortable
and
there
is
no
need
__to
spend__(spend)
money．
②Deeds
are
better
than
words
when
people
are
in
need
__of__
help．
③(江苏高考书面表达)Instead
of
shouting
empty
slogans,
it
is
more
meaningful
to
donate
books
and
sports
goods
to
children
__in__
need．
提能—单句写作。
④(江苏高考书面表达)我们社会中的每一个人都应该帮助那些需要帮助的人，但更重要的是真诚和认真。
__Everyone
in
our
society
should
help
those
in
need，but
it
is
more
important
to
be
sincere
and
earnest．__
8．We
walked
for
two
and
a
half
hours
to
get
there—first
up
a
mountain
to
a
ridge
from
where
we
had
fantastic
views
and
then
down
a
steep
path
to
the
valley
below．
我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊，从那里我们看到了奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
归纳拓展
from
where引导的定语从句修饰先行词a
ridge，在“介词＋关系词”型定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom。而关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from
where和since
when。
层级训练
夯基—完成句子。
①She
climbed
up
to
the
top
of
the
hill,
__from
where__
she
could
have
a
good
view
of
the
whole
town．
她登上山顶，从山顶上她可以一览全镇的风光。
②I
made
the
acquaintance
of
Mr．
Stephenson,
__since
when__
we
have
kept
in
touch
and
shared
a
lot
concerning
cloning
technology．
我和斯蒂芬森先生结识了，从那以后我们一直保持联系并且分享了许多有关克隆技术的知识。
提能—句式升级。
③Alice
stood
near
the
window,
and
from
there
she
could
watch
her
classmates
playing
football．
→Alice
stood
near
the
window,
__from
where__
she
could
watch
her
classmates
playing
football．
④The
book
was
written
in
1946,
and
since
then
the
education
system
has
witnessed
great
changes．
→The
book
was
written
in
1946,
__since
when__
the
education
system
has
witnessed
great
changes．
9．The
gift
you
give
is
not
something
your
loved
one
keeps
but
a
voluntary
contribution
towards
the
lives
of
people
who
really
need
it．
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。
not．．．but．．．“不是……而是……”，在句中连接两个表语。not．．．but．．．连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。
归纳拓展
符合“就近原则”的结构还有：not
only．．．but
also．．．；either．．．or．．．；neither．．．nor．．．等。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I
realize
the
secret
to
success
is
not
when
or
where
you
were
born,
__but__
what
you
are
doing
and
how
you
do
it
in
your
life．
②I
work
not
because
I
have
to,
__but__
because
I
want
to．
③Not
only
do
we
take
volleyball
and
basketball
courses,
but
our
school
also
__holds__
(hold)
all
kinds
of
sports
competitions．
提能—句式升级。
④Not
you
but
I
am
to
blame
for
it．
→__It
is
not
you
but
I
that
am
to
blame
for
it．__
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Thanks
for
your
directions
to
the
house,
we
wouldn't
have
found
it
__otherwise__．
2．(2018·天津卷阅读)What
__if__
they
talked
a
long
time
about
a
painting
you
weren't
that
interested
in?
3．I
am
looking
forward
to
the
day
__when__my
daughter
can
read
this
book
and
know
my
feelings
for
her．
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读)Because
of
our
efforts,
our
daughter
Georgia
did
decide
to
donate
a
large
bag
of
toys
__to__
a
little
girl
whose
mother
was
unable
to
pay
for
her
holiday
due
to
illness．
5．What
he
needs
is
the
__security__
(secure)
of
a
happy
home．
6．The
doctor
is
performing
an
important
__operation__
(operate)
on
the
injured
child．
7．He
was
driven
out
of
his
homeland
for
__political__(politics)
reasons．
8．The
pine
trees
have
been
planted
in
a
very
wide
__distribution__(distribute)．
9．Please
help
me
to
draw
off
these
__muddy__
(mud)
boots．
10．We
have
made
all
the
__arrangements__
(arrange)
for
the
conference．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．I
don't
think
what
he
said
relevant
to
the
topic
we
are
discussing．
__relevant前加is__
2．We
want
to
make
a
donation
for
the
Hope
Project,
so
we
are
organizing
a
charity
show．
__for→to__
3．People
were
trapped
between
floors
because
the
lift
didn't
operate
proper．
__proper→properly__
4．It
is
really
a
privilege
for
me
to
work
as
a
interpreter
in
the
company．
__第二个a→an__
5．The
vase
was
purchased
at
a
high
price
turned
out
to
be
of
little
value．
__去掉was或was前加that/which__
6．Yesterday
there
was
a
sports
meet
in
our
school
which
hundreds
of
students
participated．
__school后加in或participated后加in__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．我很荣幸邀请你和我们一起参加比赛。(it作形式主语；privilege)
__It
is
a
great
privilege
for
me
to
invite
you
to
join
us
in
the
competition．__
2．不是这个故事本身而是这个故事反映的事情很重要。(not．．．but．．．；强调句)
__It
is
not
the
story
itself
but
what
it
reflects
that
counts．__
3．李华担心他在适应英国的食物上有困难。(adjust)
__Li
Hua
is
worried
that
he
has
trouble
in
adjusting
to
British
food．__
4．在你的上一封邮件中，你不能肯定是否有可能弥补你们的友谊。(doubt
whether)
__In
your
last
mail
you
doubted
whether
it
was
possible
to
make
up
for
your
friendship．__
5．我现在很少锻炼，但我上初中时的确喜欢踢足球。(do强调谓语)
__I
don't
take
much
exercise
now，but
I
did
like
playing
football
when
I
was
in
junior
middle
school．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Jo
worked
at
a
bush
school
__1．whose__
classrooms
were
made
of
bamboo
and
the
roofs
of
grass．
There's
no
electricity
__2．or__
water
there．
It
took
the
students
about
two
hours
__3．to
get__(get)
to
school．
Jo
hoped
to
make
some
difference
to
the
children's
lives
by
teaching
them．
The
__4．other__
day,
Jo
and
Jenny
visited
Tombe's
home．
__5．When__
they
arrived
at
the
village,
Tombe's
mother
who
had
been
working
in
her
garden,
__6．started__(start)
crying
“ieee
ieee”．
Tombe's
father
led
them
to
his
house,
__7．a__
low
bamboo
hut
with
grass
__8．sticking__(stick)
out
of
the
roof,
where
she
could
only
see
a
few
tin
plates
and
cups
and
a
couple
of
__9．jars__(jar)．
What
they
ate
were
sweet
potatoes,
corn
and
greens．
That
night
Jo
and
Jenny
slept
on
a
__10．newly__(new)
made
platform．
They
left
the
village
the
next
morning
after
many
goodbyes
and
firm
handshakes．
Ⅴ．话题写作
假设你是李华，你的朋友彼得听说你去支教，来信询问相关情况，请你给他写封回信。要点如下：①写信目的；②介绍支教工作；③表达愿望。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①很高兴收到你的来信，信中说你关心我的志愿者工作。
I'm
delighted
to
receive
your
letter，__saying
you
are
concerned
about
my
voluntary
job__．
②现在我向你简要介绍一下。
Now
I'd
like
to
__share
with
you
some
brief
information__．
③几天前，我去了一个遥远的村庄，在那里我参加了一个志愿者活动。(定语从句)
__The
other
day，I
went
to
a
remote
village，where
I
participated
in
a
voluntary
activity．
__
④我用了几天时间才适应在这个山村生活。
__It
took
me
several
days
to
adjust
to
living
in
the
mountainous
village．__
⑤做志愿者工作帮助那些需要帮助的人不仅很荣幸而且给了我一个挑战自己的机会。
It
is
__not
only
a
privilege
to
do
voluntary
work
to
help
those
in
need__
but
also
an
opportunity
to
challenge
myself．
⑥志愿者工作让我生活得更充实。
The
voluntary
work
__helps
me
live
my
life
to
the
fullest__．
⑦我渴望尽快收到你的来信。
__I
am
dying
to
hear
from
you
as
soon
as
possible．__
?升级平淡句
1．利用倒装句升级句⑤
__Not
only
is
it
a
privilege
to
do
voluntary
work
to
help
those
in
need
but
also
an
opportunity
to
challenge
myself．__
2．利用强调句式升级句⑥
__It
is
the
voluntary
work
that
helps
me
live
my
life
to
the
fullest．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：however，in
addition，as
far
as
I'm
concerned等)
__Dear
Peter，__
__I'm
delighted
to
receive
your
letter,
saying
you
are
concerned
about
my
voluntary
job．
Now
I'd
like
to
share
with
you
some
brief
information．
The
other
day,
I
went
to
a
remote
village,
where
I
participated
in
a
voluntary
activity．
However,
it
took
me
several
days
to
adjust
to
living
in
the
mountainous
village．
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
not
only
is
it
a
privilege
to
do
voluntary
work
to
help
those
in
need
but
also
an
opportunity
to
challenge
myself．
In
addition，it
is
the
voluntary
work
that
helps
me
live
my
life
to
the
fullest．
I
am
dying
to
hear
from
you
as
soon
as
possible．__
__Yours，__
__Li
Hua__
PAGEUnit
3 Under
the
sea
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__witness__vt．当场见到；目击n．目击者；证人；证据2．__opposite__prep．在……对面adj．相对的；相反的3．__pause
__vi．&
n．暂停；中止4．__drag__vt．拖；拉；扯5．__urge__vt．催促；极力主张；驱策6．__relationship__n．关系；血缘关系；交往7．__aware__adj．意识到的；知道的8．__neat
__adj．<口>好的；整齐的；匀称的9．__teamwork__n．协作；配合10．__flee__
vi．逃避；逃跑vt．逃离11．__narrow__adj．狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的12．__target__n．目标；靶；受批评的对象
1．I
would
like
to
set
a
new
__target__
(目标)
for
my
studies
after
I
enter
my
ideal
college．
2．
We
should
keep
our
classroom
and
dormitory
__neat__
(整齐的)
and
tidy
every
day．3．
Years
of
school
life
has
taught
me
a
lot
of
things,
of
which
__teamwork__
(协作)
is
the
most
important
for
me．
4．
In
many
European
countries,
for
example,
the
__relationship__
(关系)
between
teachers
and
students
is
quite
formal．
5．
There
stands
an
old
school
on
the
__opposite__
(在……对面)
side
of
the
river．6．(2020·新高考卷)However,
her
children
have
learned
an
important
lesson
witnessing
(witness)their
mother
earn
her
degree．
拓展单词
1．__sharp__adj．锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→__sharpen__
vt．&
vi．削尖；磨快；尖锐；变锋利→__sharpener__
n．卷笔刀2．__abandon__vt．放弃；遗弃；抛弃→__abandoned__adj．被遗弃的；放纵的3．__reflect__vi．思考vt．映射；反射；思考→__reflection__n．反射；反映4．__scare__
vt．恐吓vi．受惊吓→__scared__
adj．恐惧的；害怕的→__scary__
adj．恐怖的，可怕的5．__accommodation__
n．住所；住宿→__accommodate__
vt．提供住宿6．__tasty__adj．好吃的；可口的→__taste__n．味道；味觉v．品尝→__tasteless__adj．(反义词)无味的；不可口的7．__depth__
n．深(度)；深处→__deep__
adj．&
adv．
深的(地)→__deeply__
adv．深深地→__deepen__
v．使加深；使强烈；变深；变低沉8．
__vivid__adj．生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的→__vividly__adv．清晰地；生动地；强烈地
1．
It
was
a
__scary__
story
and
children
were
__scared__
after
they
heard
it．
(scare)
2．The
boy's
pencil
isn't
__sharp__，so
he
__sharpens__it
with
his
__sharpener__．
(sharp)
3．Though
the
soup
is
__tasty__，I've
lost
my
sense
of
__taste__
and
it__
tastes__
just
like
__tasteless__
water．
(tasty)
4．
The
lake
is
over
20
meters
in
__depth__．
So
we
were
all
moved
__deeply__
by
the
man
who
dived
__deep__into
the
lake
to
save
the
boy．
(depth)
5．
Some
flowers
are
__reflected__
in
the
river
and
the__reflection__
is
very
beautiful．
(reflect)6．
If
you
can't
find
any
__accommodations__
elsewhere,
here
is
a
room
which
can
__accommodate__
up
to
five
people．
(accommodation)7．
He
described
__vividly__
what
he
saw
in
London,
giving
us
a
__vivid__
picture
about
people's
life
there．
(vivid)
联想积累：
1．以“-rrow”
结尾的词一览
①narrow
adj．
狭窄的
②arrow
n．
箭头
③borrow
v．
借
④sorrow
n．
悲伤
⑤sparrow
n．
麻雀
2．含后缀-th的名词荟萃
①depth
深度
②width
宽度
③length
长度
④truth
真理
⑤growth
成长
3．“形容词和副词”同形的词
①fast
adj．快的 adv．迅速地
②close
adj．亲密的 adv．紧密地
③deep
adj．深的 adv．深深地
④direct
adj．直接的 adv．直接地
⑤easy
adj．容易的 adv．从容地
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__ahead
of__优于；在……前面
2．__aim
at__瞄准；针对；目的在于
3．__in
the
meantime__在此期间；与此同时
4．__help
(．．．)
out__
帮助(某人)摆脱
困境或危难
5．__be/become
aware
of__对……知道、明白；
意识到……
6．__upside
down__上下翻转
7．__(be)
scared
to
death__吓死了
8．__hold
up__举起，抬起；支撑；
阻挡，使延误
9．
__be
about
to
do__即将做；将要做
10．__get
close
to__靠近
语境运用
1．The
train
was
__held
up__
by
the
snowstorm,
causing
the
delay．
2．__Aimed
at__
improving
his
grades,
his
parents
sent
him
to
the
evening
school．
3．
Looking
for
his
lost
magazine,
the
man
turned
the
whole
room
__upside
down__．
4．
As
he
is
my
best
friend,
when
I
am
in
trouble
he
will
certainly
__help__
me
__out__．
5．The
conference
will
begin
in
an
hour;
__in
the
meantime__，let's
have
a
chat．
6．More
and
more
people
__are/become
aware
of__
the
danger
of
air
pollution．
7．Seeing
a
toy
snake
suddenly
sometimes,
the
little
girl
can
__be
scared
to
death__．
8．
She
studies
so
hard
that
she
is
always
well
__ahead
of
__
the
rest
of
the
class．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．It
was
a
time
when
the
killer
whales
helped
the
whalers
catch
the
baleen
whales
that
were
on
their
annual
migration．那个时期，杀手鲸帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
It
was
a
time
when．．．“曾经一度(那时)”，when引导的是定语从句，修饰time。
1．我曾一度迷恋网络游戏。__It
was
a
time
when
I
was
addicted
to
playing__
computer
games．
2．This
was
the
call
that
announced
there
was
about
to
be
a
whale
hunt．这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。
be
about
to
do
sth．意为“正要做某事”。
2．我正要做作业这时停电了。I
__was
about
to
do
my
homework__
when
the
power
was
cut
off．
3．The
water
was
quite
shallow
but
where
the
reef
ended,
there
was
a
steep
drop
to
the
sandy
ocean
floor．海水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
where引导地点状语从句。
3．作为年轻人，我们应该学会在我们跌倒的地方站起来。As
young
men,
we
should
learn
to
stand
up
__where
we
fall__．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．witness
vt．当场见到；目击 n．目击者；证人；证据
归纳拓展
(1)a
witness
to
sth．某事的证人/证明
give
witness
to
sth．为……作证；证明
(2)witness
sth．/that．．．目击……
witness
for．．．
为……作证
witness
to
(doing)
sth．证实/证明(做)某事
温馨提示
英语中常使用拟人修辞手法的句子，主语通常是表示时间、地点或心爱之物，如车、船等的名词，谓语动词常为witness,
see,
find等。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①History
__has
witnessed__
(witness)
the
endless
productions
of
Shakespearean
plays
in
every
major
language
of
the
world
in
the
past
few
centuries．
②(浙江卷书面表达)The
box-office
income
of
Chinese
movies
__witnessed__
(witness)a
constant
increase
from
about
17
billion
yuan
in
2012
to
over
40
billion
in
2015．
③What
the
police
did
first
was
question
all
the
__witnesses__
(witness)
involved
in
the
accident
last
week．
提能—句式升级。
④(2018·北京卷书面表达)We
all
had
a
really
enjoyable
time
in
the
tea
house．
→The
tea
house
__witnessed
a
really
enjoyable
time__for
all
of
us．
2．urge
vt．催促；极力主张；驱策 n．强烈的欲望；冲动
词汇拓展
urgent
adj．紧急的；迫切的
urgency
n．紧急；催促
用法归纳
(1)urge
sb．to
do
sth．催促某人做某事
urge
sb．
into
doing
sth．催促某人做某事
urge
that．．．(should)do
sth．极力主张；强调……
It
is
urged
that．．．(should)do
sth．坚决要求……
(2)feel
an
urge
to
do
sth．有强烈的欲望想做某事
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①In
order
to
improve
learning
efficiency，I
urge
that
all
of
us
__(should)
form__
(form)
the
habit
of
thinking
independently
and
going
over
lessons
in
time．
②I
never
felt
an
urge
__to
learn__
(learn)
any
sign
language
before．
③(2018·浙江6月卷)There
is
no
sense
of
__
urgency__
(urge)
to
do
my
school
work
immediately．
提能—一句多译。
父母应该积极地督促孩子利用加入体育队的机会。
④Parents
should
actively
__urge
their
children
to
take
advantage
of
__the
opportunity
to
join
sports
teams．
⑤Parents
should
actively
urge
that
__their
children
should
take
advantage
of__the
opportunity
to
join
sports
teams．(复合句)
3．abandon
vt．遗弃；抛弃；放弃；中止；(与oneself连用)使放纵；使听任 n．放任；放纵
词汇拓展
abandoned
adj．
无约束的；被遗弃的
用法归纳
(1)abandon
one's
hope/plan/idea放弃希望/计划/主意
abandon
oneself
to．．．沉湎于……；纵情于……
abandon
doing
sth．放弃做某事
(2)with
abandon
放纵地；放任地
(3)be
abandoned
to
沉湎于……
巧学助记
The
child
was
abandoned
by
his
parents．Eventually
the
abandoned
boy
was
found
wandering
in
the
street,
abandoning
himself
to
despair．
那个孩子被他的父母遗弃了。后来有人发现那个被抛弃的孩子在大街上游荡，他已陷入了绝望。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①As
far
as
I
know,
they
have
abandoned
__carrying__(carry)
out
the
plan
for
lack
of
money．
②Feeling
frustrated,
I
found
myself
abandoning
myself
to
__playing__
(play)
computer
games．
③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wang
collected
more
than
7
million
__abandoned__(abandon)
bricks
of
different
ages．
He
asked
the
workers
to
use
traditional
techniques
to
make
the
bricks
into
walls,
roofs
and
corridors．
提能—单句写作。
④__I
was
about
to
abandon
hope
when__
my
father
came
and
encouraged
me
to
keep
going．
我正要放弃希望，就在这时，我的爸爸过来鼓励我要继续下去。
4．reflect
vt．映射；反射；思考 vi．思考
词汇拓展
reflection
n．反射；
反映；沉思；倒影；影像
用法归纳
(1)be
reflected
in．．．被反映在……；被映照在……中
reflect
on/upon
sth．仔细考虑/思考某事
(2)be
lost
in
reflection陷入沉思中
a
reflection
of……的反映
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义。
①Usually
a
child's
behaviour
is
a
__reflection__
(reflect)
of
his
family
environment．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ完形)But
that
changed
when
a
system
of
high-tech
mirrors
was
introduced
to
reflect
sunlight
from
neighboring
peaks(山峰)
into
the
valley
below．
__从……反射阳光__
提能—补全句子/句式升级。
③When
she
__reflected
on
her
volunteer
experience__(回想起她的志愿者经历时)，Tina
felt
proud
of
what
she
managed
to
achieve
together
with
her
local
colleagues．
→__Reflecting
on
her
volunteer
experience__，Tina
felt
proud
of
what
she
managed
to
achieve
together
with
her
local
colleagues．
(分词作状语)
5．help
sb．out
帮助某人摆脱困境或危难
归纳拓展
(1)help
sb．with
sth．/(to)do
sth．帮助某人某事/做某事
(2)can't
help
doing
sth．忍不住做某事
can't
help
but
do
sth．只得做某事；不得不做某事
(3)help
yourself(to
sth．)随便自己动手(吃/用……等)
(4)with
the
help
of
sb．＝with
one's
help
在某人的帮助下
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I
have
been
busy
with
my
study
and
seldom
help
my
parents
__with__
the
housework．
②We
think
this
is
the
opportunity
for
us
youth
to
contribute
to
helping
the
victims
__out__．
③I
told
the
story
to
the
class．
As
sad
as
it
was,
I
couldn't
help
__smiling__
(smile)．
提能—补全句子/句式升级。
④__With
the
help
of
my
teacher__(在老师的帮助下),
I
have
made
great
progress
in
my
spoken
English．
→__It
is
with
the
help
of
my
teacher
that
__
I
have
made
great
progress
in
my
spoken
English．
(强调句型)
6．be/become
aware
of对……知道、明白；意识到……
归纳拓展
(1)be
aware
that．．．知道；体会到……
make
sb．
aware
of．．．/that．．．使某人注意到……；提醒某人注意……
(2)awareness
n．意识；认识
develop
an
awareness
of．．．培养……的意识
raise
awareness提高认识
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/补全句子。
①In
conclusion,
people
around
the
world
should
be
aware
__of__
the
real
situation
of
water
shortage．
②Not
only
will
you
help
our
young
volunteers
to
develop
personally,
you'll
also
learn
new
skills
and
increase
your
cultural
__awareness__
(aware)．
③
I
would
like
to
speak
for
pandas
so
that
I
can
learn
more
about
how
to
protect
them
and
__raise
people's
awareness
of
animal
protection__．(提高人们保护动物的意识)
提能—单句写作。
④(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)通过参加这次采摘活动，我认识到了劳动的意义。
__Through
participating
in
this
picking
activity，I
have
become
aware
of
the
significance
of
work．__
7．The
water
was
quite
shallow
but
where
the
reef
ended，there
was
a
steep
drop
to
the
sandy
ocean
floor．
海水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
where．．．，there
be．．．意为“在……地方，有……”，where引导地点状语从句。注意where引导地点状语从句和定语从句的区别。
归纳拓展
(1)where引导的地点状语从句修饰主句的谓语；
(2)where引导的定语从句修饰它前面的名词；
(3)where可以引导名词性从句，在从句中作状语或表语。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①As
the
saying
goes,
__where__
there
is
a
smoke,
there
is
a
fire．
②The
little
girl
who
got
lost
decided
to
remain
__where__
she
was
and
wait
for
her
mother．
③(2019·北京卷语法填空)What
students
do
at
college
seems
to
matter
much
more
than
__where__
they
go．
④(浙江6月卷写作)We
are
going
to
meet
at
the
school
gate
at
7
a．m．
and
cycle
to
the
nearby
mountain,
__where__
we
can
go
hiking
and
enjoy
a
picnic．
⑤(2017·江苏)Located
__where__
the
Belt
meets
the
Road,
Jiangsu
will
contribute
more
to
the
Belt
and
Road
construction．
提能—一句多译。
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)一个新的体育馆在一年前还是草地的地方拔地而起。
⑥A
new
stadium
has
arisen
__where
there
was
nothing
but
a
grassland__
a
year
ago．(状语从句)
⑦A
new
stadium
has
arisen
__in
the
place
where
there
was
nothing
but
a
grassland__
a
year
ago．(定语从句)．
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Hardly
had
Sabrina
finished
her
words
when
Albert
said
__sharply__(sharp),
“Don't
be
so
mean，”
pointing
a
finger
of
warning
at
her．
2．After
the
earthquake,
the
first
thing
the
local
government
did
was
provide__accommodation__(accommodate)
for
the
homeless
families．
3．It
will
be
a
big
help
if
you
go
to
the
store
and
get
what
we
need
for
dinner．__In__
the
meanwhile,
I'll
set
the
table．
4．Butterflies
feed__on__
a
sweet
liquid
produced
by
flowers,
which
bees
and
other
insects
collect．
5．Their
sudden
attack
made
us
more
aware
__of__
the
danger
around
us．
6．The
girl
was
a
witness
__to__
the
accident
and
said
the
driver
appeared
to
be
drunk．
7．He
yelled
__at__
her
to
be
careful
while
crossing
the
busy
road．
8．(2019·江苏卷改编)A
city
is
the
product
of
the
human
hand
and
mind,
__reflecting
__(reflect)
man's
intelligence
and
creativity．
9．(上海卷)My
panic
has
gone．
But
I
could
not
help
__thinking__(think)
about
that
silly
poem．
10．As
the
proverb
goes,
where
the
money
is，__there__
is
the
power．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．The
fruits
are
small
in
size,
but
juicy
and
taste．
__taste→tasty__
2．Police
have
appealed
for
witnesses
for
the
accident．
__第二个for→to__
3．A
truck
came
in
an
opposite
direction
of
the
car,
so
the
car
driver
made
a
sharply
turn．
__sharply→sharp__
4．In
the
Spring
Festival,
Chinese
people
like
to
hang
the
character
“fu”
upside
to
down．
__去掉第二个to__
5．Seeing
a
toy
snake
suddenly
sometimes,
the
little
girl
can
be
scared
to
die．
__die→death__
6．If
you
come
to
visit
China,
you
will
experience
a
culture
of
amazing
deep
and
variety．
__deep→depth__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．有几个理由可以解释图片中反映的现象。(分词作定语)__There
are
several
reasons
that
account
for
the
phenomenon
reflected
in
the
picture．__
2．船长刚要放弃那艘大船，这时大雨突然停了。(be
about
to
do．．．when．．．；abandon)
__The
captain
was
about
to
abandon
the
large
ship
when
the
heavy
rain
suddenly
stopped．__
3．在我看来，了解你自己的弱点是成功的关键。(aware)
__As
far
as
I'm
aware，being
well
aware
of
your
own
weaknesses
is
the
key
to
success．__
4．这份报告呼吁给所有的儿童教授游泳。(urge)
__The
report
urged
that
all
the
children
(should)
be
taught
to
swim．__
5．这种渔网不仅会把鱼给网住，还会将其他的海洋动物一并抓住，而且这些动物通常因为没人买而被扔掉。(not
only．．．but
also)
__This
kind
of
fishing
net
not
only
catches
the
target
fish
but
also
many
other
sea
animals，which
would
be
thrown
away
because
they
are
not
needed
for
marketing．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
The
story
is
about
how
the
killers
helped
whalers
catch
huge
whales．
And
it
was
when
the
writer
was
working
at
the
whaling
station
__1．that__
he
witnessed
it
with
his
own
eyes．
Old
Tom,
one
of
the
killers
often
led
George,
the
writer
and
other
whalers
to
the
spot,
__2．where
__
a
pack
of
about
six
other
killers
__3．were
attacking__
(attack)
a
whale．
While
some
were
throwing
themselves
on
top
of
the
whale's
blow-hole
to
stop
it
__4．breathing__
(breathe),
others
were
stopping
it
fleeing
out
to
sea．
And
__5．finally
__
(final),
when
the
whaler
killed
the
whale
with
harpoon,
they
dragged
the
dead
whale
down
into
the
__6．depths__
(deep)
of
the
sea
and
ate
up
its
lips
and
tongue．
After
24
hours,
they
brought
it
to
the
surface,
__7．waiting__
(wait)
for
the
whalers
to
bring
in
the
body．
It's
__8．
astonishing__
(astonish)
to
know
Old
Tom
and
the
other
killers
never
harmed
or
attacked
people;
instead,
they
helped
and
saved
them
when
they
were
__9．in__trouble．
For
example,
when
James
was
once
washed
off
the
boat
and
struggled
in
the
water,
it
was
Old
Tom
that
held
him
up
in
the
water
__10．until__
they
got
the
boat
back
to
James．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
近十年来很多海洋生物灭绝了，引起全世界的广泛关注。假设你是李华，请在环境保护日写一篇关于保护海洋的英文演讲稿。要点如下：①海洋受到污染的现状；②保护海洋的重要性。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①众所周知，在海洋深处有各种资源。
As
we
all
know，there
are
varieties
of
resources
__at
the
depth
of
the
ocean__．
②过去的十年目睹了很多海洋生物的灭绝。
__The
past
decade
has
witnessed__that
many
marine
creatures
have
died
out．
③海洋污染受到全球极大的关注。
Marine
pollution
__has
been
greatly
concerned__
by
the
whole
world．
④我们应该使人们意识到保护海洋的重要性，因为保护海洋就是保护人类。
We
must
__make
people
aware
of
the
importance
of
protecting
the
ocean__，because
to
protect
the
ocean
is
to
protect
human
beings．
⑤政府应督促立即采取措施保持生态平衡。
The
government
should
__
urge
immediate
measures
should
be
taken
to
keep
the
balance
of
nature__．
⑥无论多么大的困难，我们绝不放弃保护海洋。
No
matter
how
great
the
difficulty
is，we
will
never
__abandon
protecting
the
ocean__．
?升级平淡句
利用倒装句式升级句⑥
__No
matter
how
great
the
difficulty
is，never
will
we
abandon
protecting
the
ocean．
__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：on
the
one
hand，on
the
other
hand，therefore，however等)
__As
we
all
know，there
are
varieties
of
resources
at
the
depth
of
the
ocean．
However,
the
past
decade
has
witnessed
that
many
marine
creatures
have
died
out．
Therefore,
marine
pollution
has
been
greatly
concerned
by
the
whole
world．
On
the
one
hand,
we
must
make
people
aware
of
the
importance
of
protecting
the
ocean，because
to
protect
the
ocean
is
to
protect
human
beings．
On
the
other
hand,
the
government
should
urge
immediate
measures
should
be
taken
to
keep
the
balance
of
nature．
No
matter
how
great
the
difficulty
is,
never
will
we
abandon
protecting
the
ocean．
__
PAGEUnit
2 Robots
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__desire__
n．渴望；欲望；渴求vt．希望得到；想要2．__envy__
vt．忌妒；羡慕3．__divorce__n．离婚；断绝关系4．__bound__adj．一定的；密切相关的5．__part-time__adj．兼职的6．__junior__adj．较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的n．年少者；晚辈；等级较低者7．__sympathy__n．同情(心)8．__staff__n．全体员工；手杖9．__clerk__n．售货员；职员；旅馆接待员10．__navy__n．海军；海军部队
1．
To
be
a
popular
student,
we
must
show
our
respect,
concern
and
__sympathy__
(同情)
for
others．
2．
With
your
diligence
and
concentration,
you
are
__bound__
(一定的)
to
succeed
in
entering
an
ideal
university．
3．
She
would
like
to
find
a
__part-time__
(兼职的)
job
to
support
his
large
family．4．(2020·天津卷)Greatness
comes
from
a
lasting
desire(渴望)to
explore．5．
I
feel
great
sympathy
for
the
little
girl
whose
parents
got
__divorced__
(divorce)
three
years
ago．
6．
Nowadays
China
is
developing
fast,
which
__is
envied__
(envy)
by
other
countries．
拓展单词
1．__satisfaction__
n．满意；满足；令人满意的事物→__satisfy__
vt．使满足；使满意→__satisfying/satisfactory__
adj．令人满意的→__satisfied__
adj．满意的2．__alarm__
vt．使警觉；使惊恐；惊动n．警报；惊恐→__alarmed__
adj．担心的；害怕的→__alarming__
adj．令人惊恐的3．__declare__
vt．宣布；声明；表明；宣称→__declaration__
n．宣言；公布4．__receiver
__n．收件人；接收机；电话听筒→__receive__
v．接收；收到5．__talent__
n．天才；特殊能力；才干→__talented__
adj．有才气的；有才能的6．__obey__
vt．&
vi．服从；顺从→__disobey__
vt．&
vi．不服从；违抗7．__accompany__
vt．陪伴；伴奏→__company__
n．陪伴；伴随→__companion__
n．伙伴；伴侣；同伴8．__favour__
n．喜爱；恩惠vt．喜爱；偏袒→__favourable__
adj．赞成的；有利的→__favourite__adj．最喜爱的
1．To
the
__satisfaction__
of
the
boss,
his
products
could
__satisfy__
the
needs
of
the
customers．
(satisfy)
2．
I
was
very
__alarmed__
to
hear
the
__alarming__
news
that
another
bombing
had
hit
London．
(alarm)
3．It's
__declared__
that
both
sides
agree
to
stop
fighting．
They
must
obey
the
__declaration__
for
ever．
(declare)
4．Everybody
said
Jane
was
a
__talented__
girl
because
she
did
well
in
all
her
subjects
and
had
a
__talent__
for
singing,
dancing
and
drawing．
(talent)
5．He
put
his
hand
over
the
__receiver__
in
order
to
__receive__
the
signal
better．
(receive)6．Last
night,
my
__companion__
kept
me
__company__
to
see
a
film
and
then
he
__accompained__
me
to
my
home．
(accompany)7．The
old
blind
man
asked
me
to
do
him
a
__favour__
and
find
his
__favourite__
book．
(favour)
联想积累：
1．over-前缀词全接触
①overweight
adj．
超重的
②overload
vt．
超载
③overvalue
vt．
高估
④overwork
vi．
过度工作
⑤overuse
vt．
过度使用
2．以“-fy”结尾的动词集锦
①satisfy
使满意
②beautify
美化
③classify
分类
④purify
净化
⑤simplify
简化
3．“婚姻”词汇知多少
①divorce
n．
离婚
②marry
v．
结婚
③marriage
n．
婚姻
④bridegroom
n．
新郎
⑤bride
n．
新娘
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__test
out__考验出；检验完
2．__ring
up__给……打电话
3．__turn
around__转身；翻转
4．__leave．．．alone__不管；别惹；让……一个人
待着；和……单独在一起
5．__set
aside__将……放在一边；为……
节省或保留(钱或时间)
6．__in
all__一共；总计
7．__be
bound
to
__．．．一定做……
8．__reach
for__伸手去够
9．__in
favour
of
__支持，赞成
10．__or
rather__更确切地说
语境运用
1．In
our
city,
almost
everyone
is
__in
favour
of__
bringing
down
the
housing
price
because
it
is
too
high
for
us
to
buy
one．
2．No
matter
how
busy
we
are,
we'd
better
__set
aside__some
money
to
accompany
our
parents
in
our
daily
life．
3．With
the
old
people
and
young
children
__left
alone__at
home,
more
and
more
peasants
come
to
big
cities
to
make
a
fortune．
4．They
usually
have
the
medicine
__tested
out__
before
putting
into
the
market
all
over
the
country．
5．He
__turned
around__，only
to
find
there
stood
a
girl
who
asked
him
for
help．
6．He
went
home
late
last
night,
__or
rather__
early
this
morning．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．It
was
disturbing
and
frightening
that
he
looked
so
human．机器人如此通人性，这令人觉得心烦和害怕。
It
be＋形容词＋that从句，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是句子的真正主语。
1．很明显学生们应该为将来做好准备。__It
is
obvious
that__
students
should
get
well
prepared
for
their
future．
2．As
she
turned
around,
there
stood
Gladys
Claffern．她刚一转过身来，就看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那儿。
there,
here,
up,
down,
in,
out,
now,
then等表方位或时间的副词置于句首，并且主语为名词时，主谓完全倒装。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)__Here
are
some
relevant
details__
about
the
English
short
film．这是关于这部英文短片的一些相关细节。
3．What
a
sweet
victory
to
be
envied
by
those
women!受到那些女士的妒忌，这该是多么甜美的胜利！
本句为what引导的感叹句的省略形式，基本结构为：What＋a(n)＋adj．＋n．＋主语＋谓语！
3．(四川卷书面表达)夏天是一个多么好的季节啊！__What
a
beautiful
season
summer
is__!
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．desire
n．渴望；渴求 vt．希望得到；想要
词汇拓展
desirable
adj．理想的；值得拥有的；可取的
用法归纳
(1)have
a
strong
desire
(2)desire
to
do
sth．渴望做某事
desire
sb．to
do
sth．想要某人做某事
desire
that．．．(should)do
sth．渴望……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Publishers
already
in
business,
people
who
were
owners
of
successful
papers,
had
little
desire
__
to
change__
(change)
the
tradition．
②(天津卷)This
photo
reminds
us
that
we
all
appreciate
beauty
and
that
we
all
share
a
common
desire
__for__pleasure．
③We
desire
that
immediate
help
__(should)
be
given__(give)
to
the
local
villagers
who
have
been
trapped
by
the
flood．
提能——一句多译。
(2018·北京卷书面表达)既然你渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语言大学是你的理想去处。
④__Now
that
you
have
a
strong
desire
to
learn
Chinese
culture__，I
think
Beijing
Language
and
Culture
University
is
an
ideal
place
for
you．
(desire
n．)
⑤__Since
you
desire
to
learn
Chinese
culture__，I
think
Beijing
Language
and
Culture
University
is
an
ideal
place
for
you．
(desire
vt．
)
2．favor
n．喜爱；恩惠 vt．赞成；喜爱；偏袒
词汇拓展
favourite
adj．喜爱的
n．最喜爱的人或物
favorable
adj．有利的；赞许的；给人好印象的
用法归纳
(1)ask
sb．a
favour
请某人帮忙
do
sb．a
favour
帮某人一个忙
owe
sb．a
favour
欠某人的人情
(2)in
favour
of
同意；支持；优先选择
in
one's
favour
有利于某人
(3)favor
A
over
B＝prefer
A
to
B
喜欢A胜过B
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/补全句子。
①Opportunity
__favors__
(favor)
those
with
a
curious
mind．
②English
is
my
__favourite__
(favour)
subject
and
I've
won
several
prizes
in
English
contests．
So
I
think
that
I'm
qualified
for
the
position．
③The
manager
was
surprised
to
learn
that
the
people
present
at
the
meeting
were
not
__in
favour
of
the
plan__(支持这项计划)．
提能—句式升级。
④(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I
am
writing
to
tell
you
something
about
my
plan
for
the
coming
summer
vacation
and
I
also
want
you
to
help
me．
→I
am
writing
to
tell
you
something
about
my
plan
for
the
coming
summer
vacation
and
I
also
want
you
to
__do
me
a
favour__．
3．alarm
vt．使警觉；使惊恐；惊动n．警报；惊恐；闹钟
词汇拓展
alarmed
adj．担心的；害怕的
alarming
adj．令人惊恐的
(1)in
alarm
惊恐地
(2)be
alarmed
at/by．．．
对……惊恐/担心
夯基—单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义。
①On
hearing
the
scream,
he
jumped
up
__in__
alarm．
②The
firemen
__were
alarmed__
(alarm)
at
the
big
fire
they
had
never
seen
before．
③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Set
your
alarm
clock
an
hour
early
and
push
yourself
to
work
out!
__闹钟__
提能—句式升级。
④I
was
on
my
way
to
the
bookstore
when
a
girl
of
about
ten
was
knocked
down
by
a
passing
car,
and
it
frightened
me
a
lot．
→I
was
on
my
way
to
the
bookstore
when
a
girl
of
about
ten
was
knocked
down
by
a
passing
car，__which
made
me
alarmed
a
lot/which
alarmed
me
a
lot__．(which引导定语从句)
4．accompany
vt．陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有
词汇拓展
company
n．[U]
陪伴；陪同
companion
n．[C]
同伴；伙伴
用法归纳
(1)accompany
sb．＝keep
sb．company
陪伴某人
accompany
sb．to
someplace
陪同某人到某地
(2)accompany
sb．at/on＋乐器 用某乐器为某人伴奏
(3)be
accompanied
by/with．．．与……同时存在或发生
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2018·浙江卷写作)For
another,
I
have
accumulated
related
experience
by
working
part-time
in
a
travel
agency,
__accompanying__
(accompany)
some
foreign
tourists．
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Teresa
posted
a
photo
of
the
chance
meeting
on
a
social
networking
website
__accompanied__
(accompany)
by
the
touching
words．
③While
she
was
singing
on
the
stage,
her
mother
was
accompanying
her
__at/on__
the
piano．
提能—句式升级。
④Nobody
kept
her
company
during
the
festival．
The
old
lady
felt
lonely．
→__With
nobody
accompanying
her__
during
the
festival，the
old
lady
felt
lonely．
(with复合结构)
5．declare
vt．宣布；声明；表明；宣称
归纳拓展
declare
sb．/sth．(to
be)＋adj．/n．宣布某人或某事……
declare
for/against．．．
表示赞成/反对……
declare
war(on/against．．．)(向……)宣战
declare
sth．open/closed
宣布某事开始/结束
易混辨析
declare
通常指正式、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等，往往带有权威性。后面可跟复合宾语
announce
指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。需要接间接宾语时，要在间接宾语前加to
一言辨异
Our
country
had
declared
against
any
war
between
the
two
countries,
which
will
be
announced
to
the
nation．
我们国家已经声明反对两国间的任何战争，而且将会对全民宣布。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/补全句子。
①Picking
up
her
“Lifetime
Achievement”
award,
proud
Irene
__declared__
(declare)
she
had
no
plans
to
retire
from
her
36-year-old
business．
②In
1972,
President
Richard
Nixon
declared
the
third
Sunday
of
June
every
year
__to
be/as__
Father's
Day
in
America．
③In
September
1939,
Britain
__declared
war
on
Germany__(向德国挑战)
after
Germany
invaded
Poland．
提能—单句写作。
④Li
Ping,
my
best
friend,
__should
declare
against
my
suggestion__
at
the
meeting．
李萍，我最好的朋友，竟然在会议上宣布反对我的建议。
6．leave．．．alone
不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起
词汇拓展
leave
behind
遗留；把……抛在后面；超过
leave
aside
搁置一边；不考虑
leave
for．．．
动身到……
leave
out
省略；遗漏
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①We
tried
to
be
friendly,
but
his
attitude
showed
that
he
wanted
to
be
left
__alone__．
②I
wonder
why
they
left
__aside__
such
an
important
question．
③The
United
Nations
estimates
that
more
than
900
million
people
move
away
for
work,
often
leaving
their
children
__behind__．
提能—句式升级。
④We
gathered
at
the
school
gate
and
left
for
the
tourist
attraction
in
high
spirits．
→We
gathered
at
the
school
gate
and
__set
off/out
for__
the
tourist
attraction
in
high
spirits．
7．set
aside将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑
归纳拓展
set
about(doing
sth．)着手(做某事)
set
out(to
do
sth．)出发；开始(做某事)
set
down
写下；放下
set
off
动身；出发；引爆；引发
set
up
建立；创立
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中set
aside的含义。
①I
try
to
set
aside
a
few
minutes
each
day
to
do
some
exercise，though
I'm
very
busy．__为……保留时间__
②When
you
finish
the
experiment,
please
set
the
chemicals
and
tools
aside．__将……放在一边__
③Let's
set
aside
my
personal
feelings
for
now．__暂时不考虑__
用set短语填空。
④You'd
better
__set
aside__
some
time
every
day
for
sports
so
that
you
can
keep
yourself
energetic．
⑤The
school
has
__set
up__
a
special
class
to
help
those
poor
learners．
⑥They
__set
off/out__
for
their
destination
too
late;
otherwise
they
wouldn't
have
been
stuck
in
the
storm．
⑦He
will
__set
down__
all
his
important
thoughts
in
his
diary
when
they
are
fresh
in
his
mind．
提能—词汇升级。
⑧(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I
sincerely
hope
you
can
save
some
time
to
join
in
our
coming
volleyball
game．
→I
sincerely
hope
you
can
__set
aside__some
time
to
join
in
our
coming
volleyball
game．
8．What
a
sweet
victory
to
be
envied
by
those
women!
受到那些女士的妒忌，这该是多么甜美的胜利！
感叹句：What＋a(n)＋adj．＋n．(＋主语＋谓语)!
归纳拓展
(1)What＋a(n)＋adj．＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)!
What＋adj．＋复数名词/不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)!
(2)How＋adj．＋a(n)＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)!
How＋adj．/adv．(主语＋谓语)!
How＋主语＋谓语！
I'm
amazed
at
what
great
progress
you
made!
你进步这么大，我很吃惊！
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①__What__
beautiful
furniture
you
have
got
in
your
apartment!
I
am
green
with
envy．
②__How__
awful
to
be
discovered
by
her!
提能—一句多译。
多么奇怪的植物！我以前从来没见过。
③__How
strange
a
plant！__
I've
never
seen
it
before．(how)
④__What
a
strange
plant！__
I've
never
seen
it
before．(what)
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．While
waiting
for
the
opportunity
to
get
__promoted__(promote),
Henry
did
his
best
to
perform
his
duty．
2．Children，when__accompanied__(accompany)
by
their
parents,
are
allowed
to
enter
the
stadium．
3．In
much
of
the
animal
world,
night
is
the
time
set
__aside__
for
sleep—pure
and
simple．
4．When
asked
about
their
opinions
about
the
schoolmaster,
many
teachers
would
prefer
to
see
him
step
aside
__in__favour
of
younger
men．
5．We
are
not
ready
to
go
into
production
yet．The
new
machine
isn't
fully
tested
__out__．
6．My
father
is
against
my
plan
while
my
mother
is
in
favor
__of__
it．
7．The
young
couple
set
__aside__
some
money
each
month
for
their
future
use
even
though
their
income
can
only
make
ends
meet．
8．He
is
bound
__to
be
left__(leave)
behind
unless
he
doubles
his
efforts．
9．It
was
reported
that
a
little
boy
__trapped__(trap)
under
a
destroyed
house
for
three
days
was
pulled
out
alive
at
last．
10．It's
everybody's
desire
that
every
effort
__(should)
be
made__(make)
to
reduce
the
pollution
in
our
city．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．The
fire
fighters
have
to
be
ready
to
answer
the
alarm
at
anyhour
of
the
day
or
night．
__第二个the→an__
2．All
the
staff
in
our
company
is
considering
going
to
the
city
centre
for
the
fashion
show．
__is→are__
3．He
is
an
easy-going
boy
and
all
his
classmates
are
satisfying
with
him．
__satisfying→satisfied__
4．If
he
had
told
me
his
telephone
number
yesterday,
I
would
be
able
to
ring
he
up
now．
__第二个he→him__
5．These
rules
must
to
be
obeyed
by
everybody
as
they
are
for
the
good
of
the
whole
school．
__去掉to__
6．There
are
several
people
more
junior
to
me
in
my
company,
but
I
still
show
respect
for
them．
__去掉more__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．在场的所有学生都渴望上重点大学。(desire；宾语从句)
__All
the
students
present
desire
that
they
(should)
go
to
a
key
university．__
2．机遇和成功往往青睐准备好的人。(favour)
__Opportunity
and
success
tend
to
be
in
favour
of
those
who
are
ready．__
3．在我看来，你们的父母不会允许你们离婚的。(have．．．doing；divorce)
__As
far
as
I'm
concerned，your
parents
won't
have
you
getting
divorced．__
4．如果你一直遵守这些规则，将来你一定会获得好名声的。(obey；be
bound
to)
__If
you
obey
these
rules
all
the
time，you
are
bound
to
win
a
good
reputation
in
the
future．__
5．显然，这个年轻人希望自己的提议得到新经理的认可。(meet
with；approval)
__Obviously，the
young
man
hoped
that
his
suggestion
would
meet
with
the
new
manager's
approval．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Tony,
a
robot
__1．used__(use)
for
housework,
was
to
be
tested
out
in
a
family．
He
looked
like
a
tall
and
handsome
man
with
smooth
hair,
__2．speaking__(speak)
in
a
deep
voice．
Larry
was
going
to
be
away
from
home
so
it
was
his
wife
Claire
__3．who/that__
was
going
to
stay
with
Tony
for
three
weeks．
Claire
didn't
like
the
idea
at
the
beginning,
__4．but__
she
agreed
to
it
at
last．
__5．At__
her
first
sight
of
Tony,
Claire
was
alarmed．
When
Tony
offered
to
help
her
get
dressed,
Claire
felt
__6．embarrassed__(embarrass)．
__7．Gradually__(gradual),
Tony
began
to
win
Claire's
trust．
He
helped
Claire
realize
her
dreams
by
making
her
home
elegant,
giving
her
a
new
haircut,
changing
the
makeup
she
__8．wore__(wear)
and
giving
her
advice
on
her
dresses．
Therefore,
at
the
party
all
the
guests
__9．were
filled__(fill)
with
admiration
when
they
saw
her
house
was
completely
changed．
After
the
test,
the
company
was
satisfied
with
Tony's
report
__10．because__
he
had
successfully
made
a
woman
regain
her
confidence．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
某英文报社Science栏目向中学生征文，主题为“未来家用机器人”。请你展开合理想象用英语写一篇文章投稿。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①尽管很难预测将来的家用机器人是什么样子，我想描述一下他们是多么的令人惊异。
Though
it
is
difficult
to
predict
__what
future
household
robots
might
be
like，I'd
like
to
describe
how
amazing
they
are
__．
②你会吃惊地发现他们更像人而不是机器。
You
will
be
__alarmed
to
find
that
they
will
be
more
like
humans
than
machines__．
③有它们的帮助，你就可以摆脱所有家务事，比如洗衣，做饭和打扫。
With
their
help,
you
__will
be
free
of
all
household
chores__，such
as
cooking，washing，and
cleaning．
④它们配备有智能计算机大脑，能帮你留出时间户外锻炼。
Equipped
with
an
intelligent
computer
brain，they
will
help
you
__set
aside
some
time
for
outdoor
exercise__．
⑤当老人由这样的家用机器人在家陪伴时，也许老人就不会觉得孤单。
When
__they
are
accompanied
by
such
household
robots__
at
home,
the
elderly
may
not
feel
lonely．
⑥你一定会渴望得到这样神奇的家用机器人。
__You
are
bound
to
have
a
desire
for
such
wonderful
household
robots．__
?升级平淡句
利用省略句式升级句⑤
__When
accompanied
by
such
household
robots
at
home，the
elderly
may
not
feel
lonely．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：more
importantly，believe
it
or
not等)
__Though
it
is
difficult
to
predict
what
future
household
robots
might
be
like,
I'd
like
to
describe
how
amazing
they
are．
You
will
be
alarmed
to
find
that
they
will
be
more
like
humans
than
machines．
With
their
help，you
will
be
free
of
all
household
chores,
such
as
cooking,
washing,
and
cleaning．
More
importantly,
equipped
with
an
intelligent
computer
brain,
they
will
help
you
set
aside
some
time
for
outdoor
exercise．
When
accompanied
by
such
household
robots
at
home,
the
elderly
may
not
feel
lonely．
Believe
it
or
not，you
are
bound
to
have
a
desire
for
such
wonderful
household
robots．__
PAGEUnit
1 Living
well
必备知识·盘点夯基
,BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__suitable__adj．适合的；适宜的2．__outgoing__adj．外向的；友好的；外出的；离开的3．__adapt
__vt．使适应；改编4．__graduation__n．毕业；毕业典礼5．__adequate__adj．足够的；充分的6．__community__n．社区；团体；社会7．__firm
__n．公司adj．结实的；坚固的；坚定的8．
__resign__vi．&
vt．辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)9．__literature__
n．文学(作品)；著作；文献10．__companion
__n．同伴；伙伴11．__conduct__n．行为；品行vt．指挥；管理；主持12．__politics__n．政治(学)
1．I
used
to
have
many
friends
and
be
__outgoing__
(外向的),
but
now
I
have
few
friends,
and
I
become
a
little
quiet．
2．
First,
we
can
organize
the
children
in
this__
community
__
(社区)
to
clean
up
our
neighborhood．
3．
He
likes
the
Chinese
classic
__literature__
(文学)
very
much
and
spends
much
time
on
it．4．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)People
in
Ethiopian
highlands
have
adapted(adapt)
to
living
at
high
altitudes．5．
Not
only
do
they
have
to
take
care
of
their
children's
life
and
study
but
also
they
must
teach
them
how
__to
conduct
__
(conduct)
themselves．6．
He
__resigned__
(resign)
from
office
and
devoted
himself
entirely
to
painting
at
home．
拓展单词
1．__absence__
n．缺席；不在某处→__absent__adj．缺席的，不在的；心不在焉的2．
__beneficial__
adj．有益的；受益的→__benefit
__
n．利益；好处v．使受益3．__access__
n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性→__accessible__
adj．可接近的；可进入的；可使用的4．__approval__
n．赞成；认可→__approve__
v．支持；赞成；同意→__disapprove
__
v．(反义词)不赞成5．__encouragement__
n．鼓励；奖励→__encourage__
v．鼓励；鼓舞→__encouraging__
adj．鼓励的；促进的6．__congratulate__vt．祝贺；庆贺→__congratulation__
n．祝贺；贺词7．__annoy__vt．使……不悦；惹恼→__annoyed
__adj．颇为生气的→__annoying__
adj．使人烦恼的；讨厌的8．
__disability__
n．伤残；无力；无能→__disable__
vt．
使伤残；使失去能力→__disabled
__
adj．伤残的9．__ambition__n．雄心；野心→__ambitious__
adj．有雄心的；有野心的10．__assistance__
n．协助；援助→__assist__
v．帮助；援助；协助→__assistant
__n．助手，助理；助教11．__noisy__adj．吵闹的；嘈杂的→__noise__
n．噪声；噪音12．__psychology__
n．心理(学)→__psychologically__
adv．心理(学)地；精神上地→__psychologist__
n．心理学家
1．
For
a
long
time,
mental
__disability__
was
considered
shameful
and
the
mentally
__disabled
__
received
little
treatment
or
encouragement．
(disable)2．
At
the
school
meeting,
the
__encouraging__
speech
given
by
the
headmaster
made
students
greatly
__encouraged__．
Thanks
to
his
__encouragement__，students
studied
harder
than
before．
(encourage)3．
Free
Internet
__access__
at
home
is
a
huge
step
in
making
online
education
__accessible__
to
everybody．
(access)4．
The
young
man
with
great
__ambition__
had
an
__ambitious__
plan
to
build
a
school
in
the
poor
village．
(ambition)
5．
My
friend's
talking
with
full
food
in
his
mouth
__annoyed__
me．
Although
I
am
__annoyed__
with
him
about
his
__annoying__
habit,
he
can't
get
rid
of
it．
(annoy)
6．
Ms．
Li
is
a
good
__assistant__，whose
__assistance__
benefits
us
a
lot,
and
she
is
__assisting__
us
in
making
chemical
experiments
in
the
lab
now．
(assist)
7．
As
we
all
know,
fresh
air
is
__beneficial__
to
our
health
and
the
new
park
__benefits__
us
all,
so
we
should
keep
it
clean．
(benefit)
8．
The
young
__psychologist__
decided
to
comfort
the
girl
__psychologically__，and
advised
her
to
learn
__psychology__
from
him．
(psychology)9．
Over
half
of
the
students
in
our
class
__approved__
of
another
basketball
match
with
Class
Two,
but
their
__approval__
was
__disapproved__
by
our
PE
teacher．
(approve)
联想积累：
1．“dis-”前缀表示“使……消失”
①disable
使残疾；使失去能力
②discourage
使失去勇气；使气馁
③distract
使分心；转移
④disappear
使……消失
2．“生气”相关单词聚焦
①annoy
vt．
使……不悦
②annoyed
adj．
生气的
③annoying
adj．
使人烦恼的
④angry
adj．
生气的
⑤anger
n．
生气
⑥upset
adj．
心烦的
3．英语中“双胞胎”相似词一览
①flash(闪光)→flesh
(肉体)
②access
(接近)→assess
(评估)
③expect
(期待)→expert(专家)
④divorce(离婚)→diverse
(不同的)
⑤aboard
(在船上)→abroad
(在国外)
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__in
other
words__换句话说
2．__
adapt
to__适合
3．__cut
out__切去；省略；停止(做某事)
4．__out
of
breath__上气不接下气
5．__all
in
all__总而言之
6．__sit
around
__闲坐着
7．__as
well
as__和；也
8．__in
many
ways__在很多方面
9．__make
fun
of
__取笑
10．__never
mind__不必担心
11．__all
the
best__(口语)(祝你)一切顺利
12．__meet
with
__遇到；经历；会晤
13．__rather
than__而不是
语境运用
1．
We
ran
all
the
way
to
the
cinema,
arriving
there
quite
__out
of
breath__．
2．__As
well
as__
having
difficulty
adapting
herself
to
the
new
school
life,
she
found
the
culture
difference—another
challenge
for
her．
3．He
looks
like
his
father
__in
many
ways__，such
as
eyes,
the
nose
and
so
on．
4．
Susan
__sits
around__
and
does
nothing
while
I
do
all
the
work．
5．
The
boy,
like
many
other
English
learners,
has
__met
with__
many
difficulties
in
learning
English
during
the
past
seven
years．
6．The
moment
I
saw
the
article,
I
__cut__
it
__out__
from
the
newspaper．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．I
was
too
weak
to
go
to
school
so
my
education
suffered．我的身体太虚弱，上不了学，因此落下了很多功课。
too．．．to．．．“太……而不能……”。
1．(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)作为一个外国学习者，理解一首唐诗的真正意义和内涵太难了。As
a
foreign
learner,
it
is
__too
difficult
to
understand__
the
true
meaning
and
the
culture
of
a
Tang
poem．
2．She
is
proud
to
have
taken
part
in
competitions
this
year．今年她很骄傲地参加了多次比赛。
不定式的完成式to
have
done，表不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。
2．我很遗憾昨天失约。I'm
sorry
__to
have
broken__
the
appointment
yesterday．
3．I
have
a
very
busy
life
with
no
time
to
sit
around
feeling
sorry
for
myself．我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
feeling
sorry
for
myself是一个现在分词短语作状语表伴随。
3．你每天早晨醒来都感到精力充沛吗？Do
you
wake
up
every
morning
__feeling
energetic__?
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．adapt
vt．使适应；改编
词汇拓展
adaptable
adj．能适应的；可修改的
adaptation
n．适应；改编；改写本
用法归纳
(1)adapt(oneself)to
使……适应……
(2)adapt
sth．from．．．
根据……改编某物
be
adapted
for
为……而改写/改编
温馨提示
adopt
vt．收养；采纳；采用；采取
adopt
a
child领养孩子
adopt
the
new
policy采用新政策
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Not
only
has
she
adapted
__herself__
(she)
to
the
fast
rhythm
of
city
life,
but
she
is
becoming
more
and
more
outgoing．
②
__Adapted__
(adapt)
from
J．
K．
Rowling's
book
series
of
the
same
title，the
“Harry
Potter”
movies
are
universally
acknowledged
as
classics．
③I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
she
will
deal
with
the
changes
very
well,
because
she
is
very
__adaptable__(adapt)．
④Mike,
Mary
and
I
had
a
discussion
about
the
__adaptation__
(adapt)
of
the
classic
literature
yesterday．
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2018·北京卷书面表达)Taking
some
online-courses
of
spoken
Chinese
can
be
helpful
for
you
to
__adapt
to
the
Chinese
language
environment__．
参加一些网络汉语口语课程可帮助你适应汉语的语言环境。
2．absence
n．缺席；不在某处
词汇拓展
absent
adj．不在的；缺席的
用法归纳
(1)in
the
absence
of
sb．＝in
one's
absence某人不在时
absence
of
mind心不在焉
absence
from
school缺课
(2)be
absent
from．．．不参加……；缺席
温馨提示
(1)absence通常为不可数名词，但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时，为可数名词。
(2)表示做某事缺席，其后通常接介词from。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义。
①It
was
his
__absence__
(absent)
of
mind
during
driving
that
resulted
in
the
terrible
accident．
②He
was
absent
__from__
the
conference
yesterday
because
of
his
sudden
heart
disease．
③(浙江11月卷写作)If
Mom
hadn't
been
that
absent-minded,
it
would
have
saved
us
the
trouble
of
going
back
again
and
again．
__健忘的__
提能—句式升级。
因为没有参加英语俱乐部的活动我写信向你道歉。
④I
am
writing
to
make
an
apology
to
you
__for
being
absent
from
the
activity__
of
the
English
club．
(absent)
⑤I
am
writing
to
apologize
to
you
__for
my
absence
from
the
activity__
of
the
English
club．
(absence)
3．annoy
vt．使……不悦；惹恼
词汇拓展
annoyed
adj．
感到恼火的；觉得生气的
annoyance
n．恼怒；烦恼；使人烦恼的事
annoying
adj．
使人不高兴的；恼人的；烦人的
用法归纳
(1)annoy
sb．使某人不悦；惹恼某人
(2)be
annoyed
with
sb．对某人生气
be
annoyed
at/about
sth．因某事生气
(3)to
one's
annoyance使某人生气的是
巧学助记
My
husband's
smoking
annoyed
me．Although
I
am
annoyed
with
him
about
his
annoying
habit，he
can't
get
rid
of
it．
我丈夫吸烟使我很恼火。尽管我对他这个烦人的习惯很生气，但他却改不掉。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Brown
said
he
was
by
no
means__annoyed__(annoy)，on
the
contrary,
he
was
glad
to
be
able
to
make
himself
clearly
understood．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Who
hasn't
received
an
email
so
annoying
(annoy)that
it
ruined
an
entire
day?
③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Bacteria
are
an
__annoying__
(annoy)problem
for
astronauts．
提能—句式升级。
④He
was
very
angry
at
the
way
he
tried
to
take
over
the
whole
meeting．
→He
was
very
__annoyed__
at
the
way
he
tried
to
take
over
the
whole
meeting．
4．congratulate
vt．祝贺；庆贺
词汇拓展
congratulation
n．祝贺；恭喜
用法归纳
(1)congratulate
sb．on就(做)某事向某人祝贺
congratulate
oneself
on
(doing)sth．(为成就或成功)感到自豪；暗自庆幸；为自己高兴
(2)congratulations
to
sb．on
sth．祝贺某人某事
Congratulations!
恭喜你！
易混辨析
congratulate，celebrate
congratulate
“祝贺；道贺”，只能用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on(upon)连接，构成congratulate
sb．on(upon)sth．
celebrate
举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·天津卷)I
had
hoped
to
send
Peter
a
gift
to
congratulate
him
__on__
his
marriage,
but
I
couldn't
manage
it．
②I
would
like
to
express
my
__congratulations__
(congratulate)
to
you
on
your
success．
提能—一句多译。
我想对你在“汉语桥”中文演讲比赛中获得一等奖表示祝贺。
③I
would
like
to
__express
my
congratulations
to
you
on__
your
receiving
the
first
prize
of
Chinese
Bridge
Chinese
speech
contest．
(congratulation)
④I
would
like
to
__congratulate
you
on__your
receiving
the
first
prize
of
Chinese
Bridge
Chinese
speech
contest．
(congratulate)
5．access
n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性；权利等
词汇拓展
accessible
adj．可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
用法归纳
(1)have/get/gain(no)
access
to．．．
有(没有)……的机会；可以(无法)获取/进入/接近……
(2)accessible
adj．
可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
be
accessible
to
可接近；可靠近；可使用
名师点津
access前通常不加冠词，且access和accessible短语中的to都是介词。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义/补全句子。
①(全国卷Ⅰ)Moran
hopes
to
widen
the
audience
for
jazz,
make
the
music
more
__accessible__
(access),
and
preserve
its
history
and
culture．
②As
far
as
I
know,
fallen
rocks
cut
off
the
only
access
to
the
village．
__通路__
③(2018·江苏卷)Kids
shouldn't
__have
access
to
violent
films__(有机会接触暴力电影)because
they
might
imitate
the
things
they
see．
夯基—单句改错。
④Our
own
generation
has
access
to
get
more
nutritious
food
and
more
convenient
transport
than
those
in
the
past．
__get→getting__
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2018·北京卷书面表达)Considering
your
keen
interest
in
Chinese
culture,
I
suggest
you
apply
for
Peking
University,
__where
you
can
gain
access
to
the
best
Chinese
culture__．
鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到最好的中国文化。
6．in
other
words
换句话说；换言之
归纳拓展
word
comes/came
that．．．有消息传来说……
in
a
word总之；简言之
keep
one's
word遵守诺言
break
one's
word失信；不守诺言
have
a
word
with．．．与……谈一谈
have
words
with．．．与……争吵
beyond
words无法用言语形容
weigh
one's
word斟酌词句
in
words用语言
层级训练
夯基—word短语填空。
①__In
other
words__，a
smile
could
serve
as
a
bridge
to
connect
two
people
and
shorten
the
distance
between
two
hearts．
②__In
a
word__，I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
my
life
will
be
much
richer
and
more
colorful．
③__Word
came
that__
Linda
won
first
place
in
the
English
competition
yesterday．
提能—单句写作。
④We
had
no
idea
__where
we
were__．__In
other
words__，we
couldn't
get
back
along
the
original
track
at
all．
我们不知道身在何处。也就是说，我们根本回不到原来那条路上。
7．out
of
breath上气不接下气
归纳拓展
(1)hold
one's
breath
屏住呼吸
catch
one's
breath
喘息；恢复正常呼吸
lose
one's
breath
喘不过气来
take
a
deep
breath
深呼吸
(2)breathe
v．
呼吸
(3)breathless
adj．(通常因吃力而)气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的；(由于激动或其他强烈的感情而)屏息的；呼吸困难的
温馨提示
“out
of＋n．”短语还有：
①out
of
sight
看不见 ②out
of
control
失控
③out
of
date
过期 ④out
of
order
出毛病
⑤out
of
patience
不耐烦；不能忍受
⑥out
of
question
没问题；毫无疑问
⑦out
of
work
失业
层级训练
夯基—用breath相关短语填空。
①The
race
was
so
close
that
all
of
us
were
__holding
our
breath__
at
the
finish．
②
__Take
a
deep
breath__，and
then
you
may
feel
relaxed．
③He
hurried
to
school,
reaching
the
schoolyard
quite
__out
of
breath__．
提能—单句写作。
④About
2
hours
later，we
all
reached
the
top．__Though
out
of
breath，we
were
rewarded
with
beautiful
scenery__．
大约两小时后，我们都到了山顶。尽管(累得)上气不接下气，然而我们看到了美丽的风景。
8．I
have
a
very
busy
life
with
no
time
to
sit
around
feeling
sorry
for
myself．
我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
归纳拓展
feeling
sorry
for
myself为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
(1)现在分词(短语)除在句中作状语外，还可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语等。
(2)现在分词(短语)作状语除了表示伴随以外，还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式等。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)The
film
will
be
shown
this
Sunday
afternoon,
__lasting__
(last)2
hours，from
4∶00
to
6∶00．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)__Knowing__
(know)
you
are
fond
of
music,
I
would
like
to
invite
you
to
join
us
in
this
year's
music
festival．
③According
to
Professor
Wang,
slightly
more
than
half
of
the
school
children
in
our
country
are
short-sighted,
__ranking__
(rank)
the
first
in
the
world．
提能—句式升级。
④(2018·北京卷书面表达)They
washed
the
tea
pots,
added
tea
leaves,
and
poured
water
into
the
cups．
They
followed
my
instructions
and
were
really
absorbed
in
charming
tea
culture．
→__Washing
the
tea
pots，adding
tea
leaves，and
pouring
water
into
the
cups__，they
followed
my
instructions
and
were
really
absorbed
in
charming
tea
culture．(分词作状语)
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．__To
work__(work)
out
the
difficult
maths
problem,
I
have
consulted
Professor
Russell
several
times．
2．There
are
still
many
problems
__to__
be
solved
before
we
are
ready
for
a
long
stay
on
the
Moon．
3．Group
activities
will
be
organized
after
class
__to
help__(help)
children
develop
team
spirit．
4．(浙江卷)To
return
to
the
problem
of
water
pollution,
I'd
like
you
to
look
at
a
study__conducted__(conduct)
in
Australia
in
2012．
5．(天津卷)It
was
really
annoying；I
couldn't
get
access__to__the
data
bank
you
had
recommended．
6．My
grandfather
often
goes
to
the
countryside,
because
he
thinks
a
stay
there
will
be
__beneficial__(benefit)
to
his
health．
7．Literal
translation,
__in__
other
words,
word-for-word
translation
is
not
encouraged．
8．—Is
Bob
still
working
in
your
school?
—I'm
afraid
not．He
is
said
__to
have
resigned__
(resign)
and
to
be
teaching
in
a
private
school
recently．
9．The
film
__adapted__
(adapt)
from
a
play
of
the
same
title
was
well
received．
10．The
U．S．declares
it
has
the
best
medical
technology
in
the
world,
but
quite
a
lot
of
Americans
have
no
access
__to__
health
care
service．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．I'm
Li
Hua,
a
outgoing
boy,
who
is
studying
in
London．
__a→an__
2．I
was
tired
and
got
out
of
the
breath
when
I
reached
the
topof
the
mountain．
__去掉第一个the__
3．In
a
word,
to
read
the
original
work
is
better
than
to
see
thefilm
adapted
to
it．
__第二个to→from__
4．I
received
some
emails
of
congratulation
from
my
friends
onmy
birthday．
__congratulation→congratulations__
5．She
also
knew
from
previous
work
was
conducted
on
birdsand
dolphins
that
these
animals
put
half
of
their
brains
to
sleep
at
a
time．
__去掉was__
6．I
felt
it
annoyed
to
talk
with
the
stubborn
man．
__annoyed→annoying__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．缺少证据，警察只好把约翰逊放了。(absence)
__In
the
absence
of
evidence，the
police
had
to
let
Johnson
go．__
2．尽管有残疾，杰克和其他人一样过着正常的生活。(as．．．as．．．)
__In
spite
of
disability，Jack
can
live
as
normal
a
life
as
everybody
else．__
3．他很高兴，因为从这单生意中获得了很多利润。(to
have
done)
__He
was
very
happy
to
have
made
a
great
deal
of
profit
from
this
trade．__
4．当别人向他祝贺时，他太激动了而说不出话来。(too．．．to．．．)
__When
others
were
congratulating
him，he
was
too
excited
to
say
one
word．__
5．经理坐在椅子上，考虑着下一步该怎么办。(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
__The
manager
sat
in
his
chair，considering
what
to
do
next．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Marty
is
a
disabled
but
__1．fairly__(fair)
positive
person
who
never
feels
sorry
for
__2．himself__(he)
and
has
learned
to
adapt
to
his
disability．
Marty
always
__3．considers__(consider)
he
has
a
good
life．
He
is
__4．realistic__(real)
about
his
disability
but
he
never
stops
doing
as
much
as
he
__5．can__．
He
keeps
himself
busy
__6．doing__(do)
things
like
writing
and
computer
programming
that
do
not
require
physical
strength．
He
has
friends
with
__7．whom__
he
can
go
to
the
movies
and
football
__8．matches__(match)
and
he
has
lots
of
pets．
He
also
studies
hard．
He
is
a
__9．mentally__(mental)
strong
and
independent
boy．
Marty
is
able
to
live
as
rich
and
full
__10．a__
life
as
everyone
else．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你是李华，最近你在某西餐厅和一位残疾人朋友聚餐时发现餐厅未考虑残疾顾客的一些需求。请你根据提示用英语给餐厅负责人史密斯先生写一封建议信，希望餐厅改进服务质量。要点如下：①为盲人顾客读菜单；②服务人员学会使用手势语；③为坐轮椅的顾客设置专门的餐桌。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①我写信的目的是提点如何更好为残疾人顾客服务的建议。(不定式)
I'm
writing
with
the
intention
of
offering
some
suggestions
on
__how
to
better
serve
customers
with
disabilities__．
②给盲人顾客读菜单很有必要，这表明你们对他们的尊重并让他们觉得自在。(不定式)
__It
is
necessary
to
read
the
menu
for
the
blind
customers__，which
__shows
your
respect__
for
them
and
__makes
them
feel
at
home__．
③在为聋哑人或者有听力问题的人服务时，服务员使用手势很重要。(不定式)
__It
is
vital
for
the
waiters
to
use
gestures__when
they
serve
deaf－mute
customers
or
those
__with
hearing
problems__．
④这会让他们觉得他们和其他顾客同样重要。(不定式)
This
will
make
them
__feel
as
important
as
other
customers__．
⑤不要忘记准备特别的可供坐轮椅的人使用的桌子。
Don't
forget
to
prepare
some
special
tables
__accessible
to
those
who
sit
in
wheelchairs__．
⑥只有当你们注意不同顾客的需求的时候，顾客们在贵餐厅才能愉快。
__The
customers
will
gain
pleasure__
only
when
you
pay
attention
to
the
needs
of
different
customers．
⑦我希望你会同意我的建议。
I
hope
__my
suggestions
will
meet
with
your
approval__．
?升级平淡句
1．利用省略句式升级句③
__It
is
vital
for
the
waiters
to
use
gestures
when
serving
deaf-mute
customers
or
those
with
hearing
problems．__
2．利用倒装句式升级句⑥
__Only
when
you
pay
attention
to
the
needs
of
different
customers
will
the
customers
gain
pleasure．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：additionally，more
importantly，to
begin
with，all
in
all等)
__Dear
Mr．
Smith，__
__I'm
writing
with
the
intention
of
offering
some
suggestions
on
how
to
better
serve
customers
with
disabilities．
To
begin
with,
it
is
necessary
to
read
the
menu
for
the
blind
customers,
which
shows
your
respect
for
them
and
makes
them
feel
at
home．
Additionally,
it
is
vital
for
the
waiters
to
use
gestures
when
serving
deaf-mute
customers
or
those
with
hearing
problems．
This
will
make
them
feel
as
important
as
other
customers．
More
importantly,
don't
forget
to
prepare
some
special
tables
accessible
to
those
who
sit
in
wheelchairs．
All
in
all,
only
when
you
pay
attention
to
the
needs
of
different
customers
will
the
customers
gain
pleasure．
I
hope
my
suggestions
will
meet
with
your
approval．__
__Yours，__
__Li
Hua__
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