Unit
4 Global
warming
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__tend__
vi．趋向；易于；照顾vt．照顾；护理2．__quantity__n．
量；数量3．__glance__
vi．看一下；扫视n．一瞥4．__advocate__vt．拥护；提倡；主张5．__mild__adj．温和的；温柔的；淡的6．__range__n．种类；范围7．__tendency__n．倾向；趋势8．__refresh__
vt．使恢复；使振作9．__average__adj．平均的10．__pollution__n．污染；弄脏11．__circumstance__n．环境；情况12．__flood__
n．洪水；水灾
1．In
addition
to
these
traditional
activities,
we
have
a
wider
__range__
(范围)
of
choices,
such
as
travelling
and
visiting
our
relatives
or
friends．2．
(2020·浙江卷)The
lamb
had
become
separated
from
its
mother,
so
I
jumped
out
of
the
tractor
to
tend
(照顾)to
it
while
Don
stayed
in
his
seat．3．
The
__average__
(平均的)
temperature
ranges
between
23
℃
and
39
℃
and
51%
of
the
island
is
covered
with
forests．4．
The
people
who
cannot
quit
smoking
may
easily
be
affected
by
his
__circumstance__
(情况)
and
surroundings．
5．__Quantities__
(quantity)
of
soil
have
been
carried
away．
6．
Pleasant
music
is
often
played
between
classes
to
make
students
__refreshed__
(refresh)
and
relaxed
for
a
while．
拓展单词
1．__oppose__
vt．反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→__opposed__adj．反对的；对立的2．__educator__n．
教育工作者；教育家→__educate__
v．教育→__education__
n．教育3．__consequence__
n．结果；后果；影响→__consequently__adv．因此；所以4．__state__
vt．陈述；说明→__statement__
n．声明；陈述；表达5．__steady__
adj．平稳的；持续的；稳固的→__steadily__adv．平稳地；持续地6．
__existence__
n．生存；存在→__exist__vi存在7．__contribution__
n．贡献→__contribute__vt．
贡献；撰稿8．__consume__vt．消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完→__consumer__
n．顾客9．__growth__
n．增长；生长→
__grow
__v．
增长；生长10．__disagreement__n．分歧；不一致→__disagree__
vi．不同意；意见不合__agree__vi．同意→__agreement__n．同意；协定；协议
1．
One
of
the
worst
__consequences__
of
smoking
for
a
long
time
is
that
you
may
suffer
from
the
lung
cancer．__Consequently__，you
and
your
family
will
suffer
a
lot．
(consequent)
2．
There
were
a
lot
of
__disagreements__
among
us
on
this
issue
at
first,
but
finally
we
reached
an
__agreement__．
(agree)
3．
It
was
__stated__
that
the
president
made
a
__statement__
announcing
new
policies
to
deal
with
the
new
situation．
(state)4．
He
has
made
__steady__
progress
in
his
study
after
he
worked
day
and
night
__steadily__
for
nearly
a
few
months．
(steady)5．
They
have
__contributed__
a
lot
of
food
and
clothing
to
the
refugees
so
far
and
their
__contributions__
will
certainly
help
the
refugees
live
through
the
winter．
(contribute)6．As
an
__educator__，we
should
take
teaching
and
__educating__
as
our
duty．
(educate)7．She
seemed
__opposed__
to
your
going
abroad
very
much
but
her
__opposition__
didn't
work．(oppose)
联想积累：
1．特别“不规则”的名词复数小结
①datum→data
数据
②medium→media
媒体
③bacterium→bacteria
细菌
④criterion→criteria
标准
⑤phenomenon→phenomena
现象
2．与“灾难”有关的名词集锦
①flood
洪灾
②drought
旱灾
③disaster
灾难
④catastrophe
大灾难
⑤earthquake
地震
⑥tsunami
海啸
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__come
about__发生；造成
2．__subscribe
to__同意；赞成；订购
3．__quantities
of__大量的
4．__go
up__上升；增长；升起
5．__result
in__导致
6．__be
opposed
to__反对……
7．__even
if__即使
8．__keep
on__继续
9．__on
the
whole__大体上；基本上
10．__on
behalf
of__代表……一方；
作为……的代言人
11．__put
up
with__忍受；容忍
12．__so
long
as__只要
13．__and
so
on__等等
语境运用
1．
With
my
English
teacher's
patient
instructions,
I
__kept
on__
learning,
practising
oral
English
for
three
months．
2．
We
are
still
wondering
how
it
__came
about__
that
the
experiment
ended
in
failure．
3．
What
I
can't
__put
up
with__
is
that
he
never
cares
about
others'
feelings．
4．
It
was
their
encouragement
and
my
own
thinking
that
__resulted
in__
my
slow
but
steady
progress．
5．
With
the
housing
price
__going
up__，more
and
more
people
advocate
the
government
take
more
strict
measures
to
lower
property
prices．
6．
First
of
all,
__on
behalf
of__
all
the
members
of
our
school,
I'd
like
to
express
our
heartfelt
thanks
to
you
and
warmly
welcome
to
our
school．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．It
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
this
global
warming．是人类活动造成了全球变暖。
It
is/was．．．that．．．强调句式。
1．(湖南卷)不是做我们喜欢的事情而是喜欢我们不得不做的事情才能让生活幸福。__It's__
not
doing
the
things
we
like,
but
liking
the
things
we
have
to
do
__that__
makes
life
happy．
2．It
is
OK
to
leave
an
electrical
appliance
on
so
long
as
you
are
using
it—if
not,
turn
it
off!只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！
so/as
long
as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
2．(全国卷Ⅰ)只要有密码，人们就会努力破解。__As/So
long
as__
there
have
been
codes,
people
have
tried
to
break
them．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．quantity
n．数量
归纳拓展
(1)a
(large)
quantity
of大量的
quantities
of＋许多的，大量的
in
quantity大量的
(2)quality
n．质量
温馨提示
“a
quantity
of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“quantities
of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①A
large
quantity
of
books
__have
been
contributed__(contribute)
to
the
children
in
the
countryside
since
then．
②As
a
result
of
destroying
the
forests，a
large
quantity
of
desert
__has
covered__
(cover)
the
land
in
the
last
few
years．
③__Quantities__
(quantity)
of
food
and
tents
were
sent
to
earthquake-stricken
areas
from
Shandong
Province．
夯基—单句改错。
④Do
you
give
a
discount
if
we
buy
it
on
large
quantities?
__on→in__
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2018·天津卷书面表达)I
know
you
once
participated
in
the
Robotics
Competition
and
won
the
award,
so
you
__must
have
accumulated
a
large
quantity
of/large
quantities
of
experience__．
我知道你曾经参加过机器人大赛，并且获了奖，因此你肯定积累了大量的经验。
2．oppose
vt．反对；反抗
词汇拓展
opposed
adj．反对的；对立的
opposite
n．相反的人或事物
adj．相反的；对立的
用法归纳
(1)oppose
doing
sth．反对做某事
(2)be
opposed
to
doing
sth．反对做某事
名师点津
(1)oppose后跟表示动作的词作宾语时，动词要用动名词形式。be
opposed
to结构中，to是介词，其后也要用动词的-ing形式。
(2)表示反对的其他表达：disagree
with,
object
to,
be
against等。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①However,
many
students
and
parents
oppose
__separating__
(separate)
students
into
science
and
art．
②The
major
is
strongly
__opposed__
(oppose)
to
building
a
new
hall,
which
may
cost
a
lot
of
money．
提能—词汇升级。
③The
senior
students
are
strongly
against
being
treated
unfairly
by
others．
→The
senior
students
strongly
__object
to__being
treated
unfairly
by
others．
→The
senior
students
__are__
strongly
__opposed
to__
being
treated
unfairly
by
others．
3．range
n．种类；范围；幅度；界限v．(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列
用法归纳
(1)a
wide
range
of
一系列……
beyond/out
of
range
在射程外；在范围外
within
range
在射程以内；在范围内
(2)range
from．．．to．．．
在……范围内变动；包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range
between．．．and．．．
在……和……范围内变动
层级训练
夯基—补全句子/单句语法填空。
①The
table
tennis
team
will
hold
__a
range
of
activities__
(一系列的活动)
including
some
training
and
matches．
②When
driving
on
highways,
the
driver
must
control
his
or
her
speed
__within/in__
the
range
of
speedlimiting．
③For
lovers
of
the
great
outdoors,
there
are
activities,
__ranging__
(range)
from
canoeing
to
bird
watching．
④(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)In
any
given
office,
employees
can
range
from
age
22
to
70
and
beyond,
and
finding
common
ground
in
communication
style
can
be
a
challenge．
提能—句式升级。
⑤He
has
a
number
of
interests．
They
range
from
playing
chess
to
swimming．
→He
has
a
number
of
interests,
__which
range
from
playing
chess
to
swimming__．
(定语从句)
→He
has
a
number
of
interests,
__ranging
from
playing
chess
to
swimming__．(非谓语动词作定语)
4．put
up
with忍受
归纳拓展
put
aside节省(时间、钱等)；储蓄
put
away收好；储存……备用
put
back放回；推迟
put
down写下；记下；镇压
put
forward提出(意见、建议)；推荐；提名；将……提前
put
off推迟；延期
put
on增加；上演；穿上；戴上
put
out熄灭；生产；出版
put
up举起；张贴；为……提供食宿
温馨提示
表示“容忍；忍受”的词语还有：stand，tolerate，bear等。
层级训练
选用以上短语填空。
①Tom
would
like
to
find
somewhere
to
work
because
he
cannot
__put
up
with__
his
boss．
②If
you've
got
some
good
ideas,
you
can
__put__
them
__forward__
at
the
meeting．
③The
football
match
had
to
be
__put
off__
because
of
the
bad
weather．
④It
is
wise
to
__put
aside
__
some
money
for
old
age．
5．It
is
OK
to
leave
an
electrical
appliance
on
so
long
as
you
are
using
it．
只要你使用电器设备，你可以让它开着。
句中的so
long
as引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
归纳拓展
(1)引导条件状语从句的连词短语：
in
case
如果；万一
on
condition
that
只要；如果
provided
that
如果；条件是
(2)as．．．as的其他短语：
as
well
as
也；又；和……一样好
as
soon
as
一……就……
as
far
as
就……而言；至于
层级训练
夯基—补全句子。
①__As
long
as
we
have
a
strong
will__(只要我们有坚强的意志)，we
will
be
able
to
overcome
any
difficulty．
②
(全国卷I书面表达)You
can
write
anything
relevant
__as/so
long
as
it's
interesting__
(只要有趣)
and
informative．
③We
can
know
more
about
the
life
of
great
people
__as
well
as
history
and
cultures__(也能了解历史和文化)of
other
countries．
④A
distant
relative
is
not
__as
good
as__
(和……一样好)a
near
neighbour．
提能—句式升级。
⑤You
won't
find
paper-cutting
difficult
if
you
keep
practicing
it．
→You
won't
find
paper-cutting
difficult
__as
long
as
you
keep
practicing
it__．
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．__On__
behalf
of
everyone
here,
I
wish
you
a
pleasant
journey
back
to
your
country．
2．This
restaurant
has
become
popular
for
its
wide
range
__of__
foods
that
suit
all
tastes
and
pockets．
3．Equally,
friends
have
to
learn
to
put
__up__
with
annoying
habits
and
to
tolerate
differences
of
opinion．
4．One's
life
has
value
__as/so__
long
as
one
brings
value
to
the
life
of
others．
5．On
the
other
hand，the
cost
of
everything
from
housing
to
education
has
risen
__steadily__(steady)
in
recent
decades．
6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读)Many
people
tend
__to
talk__(talk)
about
traditions
without
knowing
what
they
really
are．
7．According
to
BBC
reporter
Denise,
it
is
the
high
pace
of
modern
lifestyle
that
__results__(result)
in
the
decline
of
traditional
family
dinner
in
the
UK．
8．Quantities
of
money
__have
been
spent__(spend)
in
bringing
up
the
children
since
they
were
married．
9．(2017·北京卷)The
national
park
has
a
large
collection
of
wildlife,
__ranging__(range)
from
butterflies
to
elephants．
10．—My
son
is
addicted
to
drugs．He
isn't
hopeless，is
he?
—Yes,
__unless__
he
mends
his
ways
and
starts
all
over．
11．The
settlement
is
home
to
nearly
1,000
people，many
of
whom
__left__(leave)
their
village
homes
for
a
better
life
in
the
city．
12．The
economy
has
grown
at
a
remarkable
rate,
__averaging__
(average)
nearly
10%
per
year．
13．We
should
do
our
work
well
to
make
__contributions__(contribute)
to
our
future,
our
society
and
our
nation．
14．I
wonder
how
__it__
came
about
that
Chinese
climbers
successfully
finished
the
torch
relay
on
the
Mount
Qomolangma,
where
the
air
is
so
thin．
15．We
advocate
__solving__(solve)
international
disputes
by
negotiation,
instead
of
appealing
to
arms．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．Opposed
the
plan
of
raising
prices,
the
public
decided
to
go
on
strike
on
Sunday．
__Opposed→Opposing或Opposing后加to__
2．For
average,
students
in
Senior
One
spend
7
hours
per
week
reading．
__For→On__
3．As
consequence
of
human
activities
like
cutting
down
bamboos,
the
pandas
are
lacking
of
food
source．
__As后加a或As→In__
4．Forgetting
to
check
the
weather
forecast
before
heading
out
should
result
from
you
getting
wet．
__from→in__
5．
At
present,
a
large
quantity
of
food
and
water
are
needed
in
the
earthquake-stricken
area．
__are→is__
6．As
we
all
know,
games
play
a
very
important
role
in
the
grow
of
children．
__grow→growth__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．只要我的心脏还在跳动，我就要为人民工作。(as/so
long
as)
__As/So
long
as
my
heart
still
beats，I
will
go
on
working
for
the
people．__
2．我一旦设定了学习目标，在任何情况下都不应该放弃。(circumstance)
__Under
no
circumstances
should
I
abandon
my
learning
goals
once
I
set
them．__
3．毫无疑问，那个国家在过去几年里消耗了大量的能源。(doubt；consume)
__There
is
no
doubt
that
that
country
has
consumed
quantities
of
energy
in
the
last
few
years．__
4．总体上说，有很少的成员反对这个新决定。(whole；oppose)
__
On
the
whole，there
are
few
members
who
are
opposed
to
the
new
decision．__
5．在我们当中有些分歧，所以需要选一个日期来讨论这个问题。(disagreement；decide
on)
__There
are
some
disagreements
among
us，so
we
need
to
decide
on
a
date
to
discuss
the
matter．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
There
is
no
doubt
that
the
earth
is
becoming
__1．warmer__(warm)
on
average．
But
how
has
this
come
about
and
does
it
matter?
People
have
fierce
debates
about
whether
__2．it__
is
human
activity
that
has
caused
this
global
warming,
__3．compared__(compare)
with
most
of
the
natural
changes．
Many
scientists
__4．like__
Dr．
Janice
Foster
believe
that
people
have
caused
the
increase
in
the
earth's
temperature
by
__5．burning__(burn)
fossil
fuels
like
coal,
natural
gas
and
oil
to
produce
energy
whose
byproducts
__6．are
called__(call)
“greenhouse”
gases,
the
most
important
one
of
__7．which__
is
carbon
dioxide．
More
heat
energy
will
__8．be
trapped__(trap)
in
the
atmosphere
causing
the
global
temperature
__9．to
go__(go)
up
so
long
as
the
increased
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
are
produced．
On
the
other
hand,
scientists
like
George
Hambley
believe
that
any
warming
will
be
mild
with
few
bad
environmental
consequences
and
more
carbon
dioxide
is
__10．actually__(actual)
a
positive
thing．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你校将举办城市环保宣传活动，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：①垃圾现状；②提出倡议。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①很荣幸代表我的班级发言。
It
is
a
great
honour
for
me
to
__make
a
speech
here
on
behalf
of
my
class__．
②我们几乎每天都能看到许多诸如塑料袋、果皮之类的垃圾漂浮在我校后面的河里。
Almost
every
day
__quantities
of
rubbish__，such
as
plastic
bags，and
fruit
peels
__can
be
seen
floating
on
the
river__
behind
our
school．
③毫无疑问是垃圾导致了河水的污染。
__There
is
no
doubt
that
the
rubbish
contributes
to/results
in
the
pollution
of
the
river．__
④即使我们强调保护环境的重要性，很多人仍继续扔垃圾。
__Even
if
we
stress
the
importance__
of
protecting
the
environment，__many
people
just
keep
on
littering__．
⑤我们无法容忍并强烈反对这样的行为。
We
can
hardly
__put
up
with
and
are
strongly
opposed
to
such
behaviour__．
⑥只要我们致力于保护环境，世界就会变成一个更加美好的居住的地方。
__As
long
as
we
can
make
contributions
to
protecting
the
environment
__，the
world
will
become
a
much
better
place
to
live
in．
?升级平淡句
利用强调句式升级句③
__There
is
no
doubt
that
it
is
the
rubbish
that
contributes
to/results
in
the
pollution
of
the
river．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：on
the
whole，in
my
view等)
__It
is
a
great
honour
for
me
to
make
a
speech
here
on
behalf
of
my
class．
Almost
every
day
quantities
of
rubbish,
such
as
plastic
bags,
and
fruit
peels
can
be
seen
floating
on
the
river
behind
our
school．
There
is
no
doubt
that
it
is
the
rubbish
that
contributes
to/results
in
the
pollution
of
the
river．
Even
if
we
stress
the
importance
of
protecting
the
environment,
many
people
just
keep
on
littering．
On
the
whole,
we
can
hardly
put
up
with
and
are
strongly
opposed
to
such
behaviour．
In
my
view,
as
long
as
we
can
make
contributions
to
protecting
the
environment,
the
world
will
become
a
much
better
place
to
live
in．__
PAGEUnit
2 Poems
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__tease__vi．&
vt．取笑；招惹；戏弄2．__eventually__
adv．最后；终于3．__appropriate__adj．适当的；正当的4．__exchange__n．交换；交流；互换vt．&
vi．调换；交换5．__sponsor__n．赞助人；主办者；倡议者vt．发起；举办；倡议6．__scholarship__n．奖学金；学问；学术成就7．__load__n．负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)8．__forever__adv．永远9．__convey__vt．传达；运送10．__branch__n．枝条；支流；部门
1．They
said
it
was
such
a
beautiful
day
that
they
would
remember
it
__forever__
(永远)．2．I
was
constantly
__teased__
(取笑)
for
being
heavier
than
the
other
kids,
leaving
me
feeling
shy
and
sad．3．First
of
all,
get
to
know
what
he
is
interested
in
and
help
him
set
an
__appropriate__
(适当的)
goal
for
himself．4．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The
beautiful
long
branches(枝条)
covered
with
pink-colored
buds
(蓓蕾)
make
fantastic
decorations．
5．We
often
__exchanged__
(exchange)
learning
experience,
so
I
knew
clearly
why
he
was
able
to
achieve
such
a
success．
6．In
my
opinion,
if
you
are
devoted
to
your
study,
you
will
not
feel
like
smoking
__eventually__
(eventual)．
拓展单词
1．__salt__
n．盐；食盐→__salty__
adj．含盐的；咸的2．__end__
n．&
v．终止；结束→__
ending__
n．结尾；结局→__endless__adj．无穷的；无止境的3．__translate__v．翻译
→__translation__
n．翻译；译文→__translator__
n．译员；翻译家4．__transform__
v．转化；转换；改造；变换→__transformation__n．转化；转换；变换5．__sorrow__n．悲伤；悲痛；懊悔→__sorrowful__adj．悲伤的；悲痛的6．__dark__
adj．黑暗的→__darkness__
n．黑暗；漆黑7．__warm__
adj．暖和的；温暖的→__warmth__n．暖和；温暖8．__piano__
n．
钢琴→__pianist__
n．钢琴家；钢琴演奏者9．__poet__
n．诗人→__poem__
n．诗→__poetry__
n．诗(总称)；诗意
1．A
first-class
__translator__
must
have
his
__translation__
be
faithful
to
the
originals
when__translating__
the
foreign
books．
(translate)2．It
was
__dark__
in
the
room
and
we
couldn't
see
much
at
first,
but
after
a
few
minutes
our
eyes
got
used
to
the
__darkness__
．
(dark)3．Yesterday,
I
read
a
story,
whose
__ending__
is
pleasant．
The
prince
killed
the
monster
and
saved
the
princess
in
the
__end__
and
they
have
lived
happily
ever
since．
(end)
4．The
__warmth__
of
the
flames
also
helped
people
stay
__warm__
in
cold
weather,
enabling
us
to
live
in
cooler
areas．
(warm)5．That
country
__has
transformed__
from
a
backward
agricultural
country
into
an
advanced
industrial
country．
That
is
to
say,
the
country
has
made
a
complete
__transformation__．
(transform)
联想积累：
1．以-ship为后缀的高频名词一览
①scholarship
奖学金；学问；
学术成就
②friendship
友谊
③leadership
领导地位
④relationship
关系
⑤hardship
苦难
⑥membership
成员资格
⑦championship
冠军
2．“取笑与愚弄”面面观
①tease
取笑；戏弄
②laugh
at
嘲笑
③play
the
fool
with
愚弄；戏弄
④make
fun
of
取笑
⑤make
a
fool/joke
of
愚弄
⑥play
a
trick/tricks
on
捉弄
⑦play
a
joke/jokes
on
戏弄
3．后缀-ness高频名词荟萃
①darkness
黑暗
②sickness
疾病
③loneliness
孤独
④happiness
快乐
⑤sadness
悲伤
⑥kindness
善良
⑦bitterness
苦味；苦难
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__stay
up__熬夜；不睡觉；挺住
2．__take
it
easy__轻松；不紧张；从容
3．__run
out
of__用完
4．__be
made
up
of__由……构成
5．__transform
into__转化成；改造为
6．__go
for
a
hike__去远足
7．__try
out__测试；试验
8．__let
out__发出；放走
9．__make
sense__有意义；讲得通
10．__hold
on__坚持
11．__let
alone__更不用说
12．__in
particular__尤其；特别
语境运用
1．
We'd
better
__try
out__
our
ideas
before
we
put
them
into
practice
to
ensure
success．
2．
It
doesn't
__make
sense__
for
a
young
man
of
your
age
to
buy
such
an
expensive
house
on
your
own．
3．
In
less
than
ten
minutes
after
the
terrible
accident,
a
medical
team
__made
up
of__
an
expert
and
three
nurses
arrived
on
the
scene
in
time．
4．__In
particular__，I
enjoy
learning
new
ways
to
better
myself
and
my
relationships
with
others．
5．
Doctors
suggest
that
people
should
not
__stay
up__
late
even
on
holidays．
6．
The
young
lady
__let
out__
a
cry
of
surprise
when
she
saw
the
snake
on
the
road．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．There
are
various
reasons
why
people
write
poetry．人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
why引导定语从句修饰先行词reasons。
1．(四川卷书面表达)四季当中，我最喜欢夏天的原因就是它使我自由、兴奋和充满活力。__The
reason
why
I
like
summer
best__
among
the
four
seasons
in
a
year
is
that
it
makes
me
free,
excited
and
energetic．
2．Should
the
traveller
return,
this
stone
would
utter
speech．行人归来石应语。
本句为虚拟语气中省略if的倒装句式。
2．(浙江卷书面表达)如果出发的时间有所改变，我会提前通知你。__Should
the
departure
time
be
changed__，I
would
inform
you
in
advance．
3．With
so
many
different
forms
of
poetry
to
choose
from,
students
may
eventually
want
to
write
poems
of
their
own．有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己写诗歌了。
“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
3．(全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)有一个重要的会议要参加，我不能和你一起去书店了。__With
an
important
meeting
to
attend__，I
can't
go
to
the
bookstore
with
you．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．convey
vt．传达；运送
归纳拓展
convey
sth．(to
sb．)(向某人)表达(思想/情感等)
convey
sb．/sth．from
A
to
B把某人/某物从A地运往B地
convey
one's
feelings/meaning/message
表达某人的感情/意思/观点
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(陕西高考)They
took
a
more
reasonable
approach,
__conveying__(convey)
to
their
children
how
success
at
school
could
improve
their
lives．
②His
determined
look
conveyed
his
meaning
that
all
the
injured
should
__be
conveyed__(convey)
from
the
spot
to
the
hospital
at
once．
提能—单句写作。
③(江苏高考书面表达)这里传达的信息很清楚，那就是“事实胜于雄辩”。
__The
message
conveyed
here
is
clear__：“Actions
speak
louder
than
words．”
2．transform
vi．&
vt．转换；转化；改变
词汇拓展
transformation
n．(外观或性质的)改变；变革
用法归纳
transform
sb．/sth．使……改观；使……焕然一新
transform
sb．/sth．(from
．．．)into
．．．使……(从……)变成……
transform
into
．．．转换成……；改造为……
名师点津
常见“trans-”词根的单词有：
①transplant
v．移植
②translate
v．
翻译
③transmit
v．
传送；传播
④transfer
v．转移；转让
⑤transparent
adj．透明的
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2018·浙江卷阅读)Since
then,
this
society
has
moved
onward,
never
looking
back,
as
the
car
transformed
America
from
a
farm-based
society
__into__
an
industrial
power．
②She
helps
transform
literature
__into__
braille
to
bring
the
power
of
story
and
knowledge
to
the
hearts
and
minds
of
blind
readers．
③Every
moment
of
every
day,
energy
is
__being
transformed__
(transform)
from
one
form
into
another．
夯基—单句改错。
④Having
transformed
into
a
powerful
one,
the
firm
decided
to
extend
business
to
Europe．
__Having后加been__
提能—单句写作。
⑤我充分地意识到，是在国外的生活经历完全改变了我。
I'm
fully
aware
that
it's
the
experience
from
my
life
abroad
that
__has
totally
transformed
me__．
3．exchange
n．交流；交换 vi．&
vt．调换；交换
归纳拓展
(1)in
exchange
for．．．作为……的交换；以……换……
make
an
exchange交换
an
exchange
student交换生
(2)exchange
A
for
B用A来交换B
exchange
sth．with
sb．与某人交换某物
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·天津卷)I've
never
exchanged
words
__with__
those
moms
beyond
small
talk,
but
they
wanted
to
help．
补全句子。
②Meanwhile,
we
do
hope
we
will
__hold
more
cultural
exchange
activities__
(举办更多的文化交流活动)
in
other
aspects,
such
as
physical
education,
literature
and
arts．
③I've
offered
to
paint
the
kitchen
__in
exchange
for
a
week's
accommodation__
(交换一个星期的住宿)．
提能—单句写作。
④(江苏高考)__The
Internet
enables
us
to
exchange
ideas
with
many
others__
to
check
our
claims,
and
to
judge
our
actions．
网络使我们能够与很多其他人交换想法来检验我们的主张，判断我们的行为。
4．load
n．负担；负荷物 vt．使承载；使负荷
词汇拓展
unload
vt．&
vi．(从车上)卸货
overload
vt．&
n．超载
upload/download
vt．上传/下载
用法归纳
(1)take
a
load
off
one's
mind卸下心头重负
a
load
of/loads
of大量的
(2)load
sth．/sb．
with
sth．用……装载……；使……负担
load
sth．
into/onto．．．把……装入(到)……；使……负担
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①It
takes
a
load
__off__
my
mind
to
leave
the
child
in
your
charge．
②Even
though
I
have
__loads__
(load)
of
schoolwork
to
do,
I'll
spend
some
free
time
having
sports
so
that
I
can
keep
fit
and
energetic．
③Standing
on
the
bank,
the
children
watched
the
ship
__loaded__
(load)
with
all
kinds
of
goods．
提能—单句写作。
④The
burden
of
students
has
been
a
hot
topic
for
years,
but
__the
load
of
parents
has
received
little
attention__，especially
from
their
own
children．
近年来学生的负担是一个热门话题，但父母的负担却很少有人关注，尤其是来自他们子女的负担。
5．take
it
easy
(＝take
things
easy)轻松；不紧张；从容
词汇拓展
take
one's
time
别着急，慢慢来
take
sth．
seriously
重视某事，对某事严肃对待
认为……理所当然
take．．．as．．．把……当作……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①It's
nice
to
sit
down
and
take
__it__
easy
after
a
hard
day's
work．
②Take
__things__
(thing)
easy
for
a
few
days
and
you
will
be
able
to
go
to
work
again．
③You
should
not
take
__it__
for
granted
that
you
can
do
the
work
perfectly．
Take
it
__seriously__
(serious)
and
make
enough
preparations．
提能—单句写作。
④__You'd
better
take
it
easy__
although
the
college
entrance
examination
is
approaching．
虽然高考临近了，但你最好放松些。
6．run
out(of)用完
归纳拓展
(1)run
across偶然遇到
run
after追逐；追求
run
around到处跑
run
away逃跑；跑开
run
into撞上
run
for
竞选
(2)run
out用完；用光
give
out耗尽；筋疲力尽
use
up用完；耗尽
名师点津
(1)run
out
of＝use
up表主动意义；主语一般是人；
(2)run
out＝be
used
up表被动意义，主语通常是物；
(3)give
out用尽；用完；精疲力竭。
层级训练
夯基—用run短语填空。
①
(2019·北京卷)If
they
__run
out
of__
certain
daily
necessities，Wilson
will
drive
to
the
nearest
store
and
purchase
what's
needed．
②In
the
future,
care
for
the
environment
will
become
very
important
as
the
earth's
natural
resources
__run
out__．
③I'd
like
to
__run
for__
the
vice
president
of
the
English
club
in
our
school．
④I
__ran
across__
one
of
my
old
friends
when
I
was
walking
in
the
street
the
other
day．
提能—一句多译。
如果我们继续像这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。
⑤If
we
keep
using
the
water
like
this,
we
__will
soon
run
out
of
it__．(run)
⑥If
we
keep
using
the
water
like
this,
it'll
__soon
run
out__．(run)
⑦If
we
keep
using
the
water
like
this,
we
__will
soon
use
it
up__．
(use)
⑧If
we
keep
using
the
water
like
this,
it'll
__soon
be
used
up__．
(use)
7．let
out释放；放走；发出(叫喊声等)；泄露(消息、秘密等)；透露
归纳拓展
let
alone
更不用说；更谈不上
let
sb．/sth．alone
对某人/某事放任不管；置之不理
let
down
把……放下来；使(某人)失望/情绪低沉
let
in
允许进入；容许；许可
温馨提示
常见的“动词＋out”短语：
①leave
out
省去；遗漏；不考虑
②bring
out
阐明；使显示；出版
③make
out
理解；辨认出
④pick
out
挑出；辨认出
⑤figure
out
想出；理解；计算出
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①He
accidentally
let__out__that
he
hadn't
been
home
for
three
weeks．
②The
glass
doors
have
taken
the
place
of
the
wooden
ones
at
the
entrance，__letting__(let)in
the
natural
light
during
the
day．
③We
didn't
know
at
that
time
there
even
was
an
environment,
let
__alone__
that
there
was
a
problem
with
it．
提能—单句写作。
④(天津高考)Throwing
their
hats
into
the
air,
the
fans
of
the
winning
team
__let
out
loud
shouts
of
victory__
．
获胜队的粉丝们发出胜利的欢呼声，同时大家都将帽子抛向了空中。
8．There
are
various
reasons
why
people
write
poetry．
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
句中why
people
write
poetry为定语从句，修饰先行词reasons。
归纳拓展
The
reason
why．．．is
that．．．
……的原因是……
This
is
why．．．
这就是……的原因。(强调结果)
This
is
because．．．
这是因为……(强调原因)
名师指津
(1)当reason后的定语从句缺少宾语时，引导词用that或which，或者省略关系代词。
(2)当reason后的定语从句缺少原因状语时，引导词用why。
(3)当reason后的定语为介词短语时，用for。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(天津高考)One
day,
mentally
exhausted,
I
wrote
down
all
the
reasons
__why__
this
problem
could
not
be
solved．
②Is
this
the
reason
__that/which__
he
gave
for
his
being
late
for
work?
③The
reason
__for__
his
absence
from
the
meeting
was
__that__
he
was
caught
in
traffic
jams．
④He
always
works
hard
at
his
lessons．That's
__why__
he
came
first
in
the
exam．
提能—一句多译。
今天早上他睡过头了，起床晚了，所以没有赶上火车。
⑤__The
reason
why__
he
missed
the
train
__was
that__
he
overslept
and
got
up
too
late
this
morning．
⑥He
overslept
and
got
up
too
late
this
morning
and
__that
was
why__
he
missed
the
train．
⑦He
missed
the
train
and
__that
was
because__
he
overslept
and
got
up
too
late
this
morning．
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)Already
well
over
400
of
the
total
of
6,800
languages
are
close
to
extinction(消亡),
with
only
a
few
elderly
speakers
__left__(leave)．
2．—I'm
sorry
I
made
a
mistake!
—Take
__it__
easy．Nobody
is
perfect．
3．Mothers
holding
jobs
outside
the
home
should
have__flexible__(flexibility)
schedules
to
make
it
easier
to
care
for
their
children．
4．It
is
illegal
for
a
public
official
to
ask
people
for
gifts
or
money__in__
exchange
for
favors
to
them．
5．Food
supplies
in
the
flood-stricken
area
are
running
__out__．We
must
act
immediately
before
there's
none
left．
6．The
reason
was
he
was
absent
from
the
meeting
was
__that__
he
got
stuck
in
the
traffic．
7．—Just
a
moment．I
haven't
finished
packing
my
suitcase．
—Hurry
up．It's
high
time
we
__left__(leave)
for
the
airport．
8．With
so
many
problems
to
settle
(settle),
the
newly-elected
president
could
not
sleep
well
at
night．
9．Two
lawyers
have
donated
$50,000
to
sponsor
our
school's
campaign
“Help
the
Needy”，
__which__
was
started
by
our
former
headmaster
three
years
ago．
10．Jack
had
no
confidence
and
courage
at
that
time．That
was
the
reason
__why__
he
gave
up
the
plan．
11．Were
there
no
modern
telecommunications,
we
__would
have__(have
)to
wait
for
weeks
to
get
news
from
around
the
world．
12．When
the
golden
rice
incident
was
exposed,
people
criticized
that
they
shouldn't
__have
tried__(try)
it
out
on
children．
13．By
the
time
housewives
returned
fully
loaded
from
WalMart,
they
__had
run__(run)
out
of
all
the
year-end
bonus．
14．John
wants
to
carry
my
luggage
himself,
but
I'd
rather
it
__were
conveyed__(convey)
to
the
hotel
by
taxi．
15．(2020·江苏卷)The
health
security
systems
of
many
countries
are
undergoing
considerable
transformation(transform)．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．The
reason
why
he
gave
for
his
absence
is
that
he
was
drunken．
__why→that/which或去掉why__
2．Society
is
made
of
a
variety
of
people;
some
are
good,
others
bad,
and
still
others
in
between．
__made后加up__
3．Take
it
easily．
We'll
take
care
of
everything．
__easily→easy__
4．With
the
boy
lead
the
way,
we
found
the
house
easily
the
day
before
yesterday．
__lead→leading__
5．It
is
not
appropriately
for
you
to
adopt
the
style
typical
of
the
artist．
__appropriately→appropriate__
6．My
sister
got
teasing
at
school
because
of
her
preference
for
reading．
__teasing→teased__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．他没有被重点大学录取的原因是分数太低了。(the
reason
why．．．)
__The
reason
why
he
wasn't
admitted
into
a
key
university
was
that
his
grades
were
too
low．__
2．随着新的体育场在我们学校建成，可以举行更多的体育活动了。(with复合结构)
__With
a
new
stadium
built
in
our
school，more
sports
events
can
be
held．__
3．对于一名学生来说，在空白的墙上画一些图画是不合适的。(appropriate)
__It
is
not
appropriate
for
a
student
to
draw
some
pictures
on
the
white
wall．__
4．他是很温和的人，而他的弟弟却是非常好斗的人。(while)
__He
is
a
gentle
person
while
his
brother
is
an
aggressive
one．__
5．虽然被一些同事嘲笑，他还是决定完成它。(省略句)
__Though
teased
by
some
of
his
colleagues，he
still
determined
to
work
on
it．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Some
poems
tell
a
story
or
describe
something
in
a
way
__1．that/which__
will
give
the
reader
a
strong
__2．impression__(impress)．
Others
try
to
express
certain
emotions．
Poets
use
many
different
forms
of
poetry
to
express
themselves．
For
example,
the
language
of
nursery
rhymes
is
concrete
but
__3．imaginative__
(imagine),
and
they
delight
small
children
because
they
have
strong
rhythm
and
a
lot
of
__4．repetition__(repeat)．
And
list
poems
have
a
flexible
line
length
and
give
a
rhythm
to
the
poem．
__5．Another__
simple
form
of
poem
is
the
cinquain,
__6．which__
is
made
up
of
five
lines
and
can
convey
strong
__7．feelings
__
(feel)
in
just
a
few
words．
Haiku
is
a
Japanese
form
of
poetry
that
is
made
up
of
17
syllables．
And
of
course
there
are
Tang
poems
from
China
which
you
may
enjoy
__8．in__
particular．
With
so
many
different
forms
of
poetry
__9．to
choose
__
(choose)
from,
students
may
__10．eventually__
(eventual)
want
to
write
poems
of
their
own．
Ⅴ．话题中的写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Leslie正在向你学习汉语。请你发微信告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：①时间和地点；②内容(学习唐诗)；③课前准备(简要了解唐朝的历史)。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①随着下节课的到来，我想告诉你有关唐诗的具体的课程安排。
As
the
next
class
approaches,
__I'd
like
to
inform
you
of
the
specific
class
schedule__，which
is
about
poetry
of
the
Tang
Dynasty．
②我们周五在公园见面，那里空气呼吸起来很好而且风景特别美。
We
are
to
meet
on
Friday
in
the
park，and
there
__
the
air
is
good
to
breathe
and
the
scenery
is
beautiful
in
particular__．
③为了更好地学习它，下节课前你应做好以下几点。
__To
learn
it
better，you
need
to
do
the
following
things
before
the
next
class．__
④阅读一些有关唐朝诗歌的材料是恰当的，唐诗在中国文学史上意义重大。
__It
is
appropriate
that
you
read
a
load
of
materials
about
poetry
of
the
Tang
Dynasty__，which
__plays
an
extremely
important
role
in__
Chinese
literature．
⑤你可以读一些著名诗人的诗，比如李白和杜甫。他们的诗表达了丰富的情感。
You
can
find
some
poems
of
famous
poets，such
as
Li
Bai
and
Du
Fu，__whose
poems
conveyed
their
rich
emotions
and
feelings
__．
⑥了解唐朝的历史有助于你更好地理解唐诗。
__Knowing
the
history
of
the
Tang
Dynasty
will
be
of
great
benefit
to
you
to
understand
the
poems．__
⑦课后你可以和我交流想法。
After
class,
__you
can
exchange
your
thoughts
and
ideas
with
me
__．
?升级平淡句
1．利用with复合结构升级句①
__With
the
next
class
approaching，I'd
like
to
inform
you
of
the
specific
class
schedule，
which
is
about
poetry
of
the
Tang
Dynasty．__
2．利用非限制性定语从句升级句②
__We
are
to
meet
on
Friday
in
the
park，where
the
air
is
good
to
breathe
and
the
scenery
is
beautiful
in
particular．
__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：to
begin
with，in
addition等)
__Dear
Leslie，__
__With
the
next
class
approaching,
I'd
like
to
inform
you
of
the
specific
class
schedule,
which
is
about
poetry
of
the
Tang
Dynasty．
We
are
to
meet
on
Friday
in
the
park,
where
the
air
is
good
to
breathe
and
the
scenery
is
beautiful
in
particular．
To
learn
it
better,
you
need
to
do
the
following
things
before
the
next
class．
To
begin
with,
it
is
appropriate
that
you
read
a
load
of
materials
about
poetry
of
the
Tang
Dynasty，which
plays
an
extremely
important
role
in
Chinese
literature．
You
can
find
some
poems
of
famous
poets,
such
as
Li
Bai
and
Du
Fu,
whose
poems
conveyed
their
rich
emotions
and
feelings．
In
addition,
knowing
the
history
of
the
Tang
Dynasty
will
be
of
great
benefit
to
you
to
understand
the
poems．
After
class,
you
can
exchange
your
thoughts
and
ideas
with
me．__
__Yours，__
__Li
Hua__
PAGEUnit
3 A
healthy
life
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__abuse__n．&
vt．滥用；虐待2．__ban__vt．禁止；取缔n．禁令；谴责3．__due__adj．欠款的；预定的；到期的4．__tough__adj．困难的；强硬的5．__quit__vt．停止(做某事)；离开6．__cigarette__n．香烟；纸烟7．__accustom__
vt．使习惯于8．__accustomed__adj．惯常的；习惯了的9．__unfit__adj．不健康的；不合适的；不合格的10．__desperate__adj．
绝望的；拼命的11．__lung__n．
肺12．__packet__小包；小盒
1．With
the
debt
problem
worsening,
it
is
going
to
be
a
__tough__
(艰难的)
test
for
EU
to
help
Greece
out
of
trouble．
2．The
paper
is
__due__
(到期的)
next
month,
and
I
am
working
seven
days
a
week,
often
long
into
the
night．
3．Having
__abused__
(abuse)
his
position
as
mayor
to
give
jobs
to
his
friends,
Williams
is
now
under
investigation．4．The
man
had
so
little
education
that
he
was
__unfit__(fit)
for
this
job．5．Many
foreigners
have
been
__accustomed__
(accustom)
to
using
chopsticks
at
the
dinner
table
after
living
in
China
for
a
long
time．6．He
started
a
campaign
__to
ban__
(ban)
smoking
in
public
places．7．(2020·浙江卷)I
ran
desperately(desperate)but
failed
to
catch
up．
拓展单词
1．__automatic__
adj．无意识的；自动的→__automatically__adv．无意识地；自动地2．__mental__
adj．精神的；智力的→__mentally__
adv．精神上；智力上→__physical__
adj．(反义词)身体的；肉体的3．__breathless__
adj．气喘吁吁的；屏息的→__breathe__v．呼吸→__breath__
n．呼吸4．__strengthen__vt．加强；巩固；使坚强vi．变强→__strength__n．力气，力量；强项5．__disappointed__
adj．失望的；沮丧的→__disappointing__
adj．令人失望的→__disappoint__
vt．使失望；使扫兴→__disappointment__
n．失望；沮丧6．__relaxation__
n．放松；松弛→__relax__
vt．使放松→__relaxed__
adj．轻松的→__relaxing__
adj．使人放松的7．__weaken__
vi．(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱→vt．(使)变弱→__weak__
adj．虚弱的→__weakness__
n．弱点
8．__illegal__
adj．不合法的；违法的→__legal__adj．
(反义词)合法的9．
__judgement__
n．看法；判决；判断→__judge__
n．裁判员；法官vt．断定；判断；判决10．__embarrassed__
adj．尴尬的；陷入困境的→__embarrass__
v．使尴尬；使局促不安；使困窘→__embarrassment__
n．窘迫；难堪11．__addicted__
adj．入了迷的；上了瘾的
→__addiction__n．
沉溺；嗜好→__addictive__adj．使人上瘾的→__addict__
vt．使上瘾n．有瘾的人12．__effect__
n．结果；效力；影响→__effective__
adj．有效的；有影响的→__affect__vt．影响13．__stress__
n．压力；重音vt．加压力于；使紧张→__stressful__
adj．产生压力的；紧张的→__stressed__
adj．焦虑不安的14．__shame__
n．羞耻；羞愧→__shameful__adj．可耻的；不道德的→__shameless__adj．无耻的；厚颜的→__ashamed__adj．感到惭愧或羞耻的
1．Tom's
parents
are
worried
that
he
is
__addicted__
to
the
computer
games
which
are
__addictive__
to
children．
(addict)2．Yesterday,
I
climbed
the
mountain
top
to
__breathe__the
fresh
air．
Although
I
became
__breathless__
when
I
was
on
the
top,
the
__breath__
of
fresh
air
was
worth
it．
(breath)3．After
hearing
some
__relaxing
music,
she
felt
quite
__relaxed__，and
there
was
__relaxed__
expression
on
her
face．
(relax)4．
As
we
all
know,
everyone
has
both
strengths
and
__weaknesses__．
Therefore,
we
shouldn't
look
down
upon
whoever
looks
__weak__
．
(weaken)
5．
After
a
__stressful__
week
of
work,
all
the
employees
were
extremely
__stressed__
and
tired．
They
complained
that
few
could
work
efficiently
under
__stress__
．
(stress)6．
You
should
be
__
ashamed__
of
your
__shameful__
behaviors
or
you
will
be
a
__shameless__
man．
(shame)7．
To
my
parents'
__disappointment__，my
__disappointing__
math
grade
greatly
__disappointed__
my
parents,
and
their
__disappointed__
look
urged
me
to
study
harder
then．
(disappoint)8．
As
a
__judge__，he
has
good
__judgement__
and
never
__
judges__
a
person
by
his
appearance．
(judge)9．
An
unhappy
childhood
may
have
some
negative
__effects__
on
a
person's
character．
However,
they
are
not
always
__effective__．
(effect)
10．It
is
natural
that
you
will
feel
__embarrassed__
when
an
__embarrassing__
thing
happens．(embarrass)
联想积累：
1．否定前缀un-高频形容词一览
①unfit
不合适的
②unfair
不公平的
③unusual
不寻常的
④unfriendly
不友好的
⑤unfortunate
不幸的
⑥uncomfortable
不舒服的
⑦unimportant
不重要的
⑧uncertain
不确定的
2．-en后缀高频动词集锦
①weaken
削弱
②shorten
缩短
③lessen
减少
④sharpen
削尖
⑤broaden
加宽
⑥lighten
减轻
⑦threaten
恐吓
⑧frighten
使惊吓
3．四个短语让人“着迷”
(1)be
addicted
to
对……上瘾
(2)be
keen
on
热衷于
(3)be
crazy
about
对……着迷
(4)be
fascinated
with/by
对……着迷
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__due
to__由于……
2．__addicted
to__对……有瘾
3．__accustomed
to__习惯于……
4．__decide
on__对……作出决定
5．__feel
like
(doing)__想要(做)……
6．__in
spite
of__不顾；不管
7．__take
risks/a
risk__冒险
8．__get
into__陷入；染上(坏习惯)
9．__at
risk__处境危险；遭受危险
10．__manage
to
do
sth．__设法完成某事
11．__have
an
effect
on__对……有影响
12．__throw
away__扔掉
语境运用
1．
If
you
keep
on
ignoring
the
teacher's
advice,
you
will
__get
into__
a
situation
where
you
fall
behind
others
in
all
subjects．
2．(2019·天津卷改编)__In
spite
of__
all
the
problems,
several
of
the
players
produced
excellent
performances．
3．He
doesn't
want
__to
take
risks/a
risk__
of
losing
his
job,
especially
since
he
became
the
main
source
of
family's
income．
4．After
careful
consideration,
I
__decided
on__
science
as
my
main
subject
of
study．
5．According
to
the
survey,
many
females
are
__addicted
to__shopping
online．
6．Lydia
doesn't
__feel
like__
going
abroad．
Her
parents
are
old
and
she
wants
to
take
care
of
them．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．As
you
know,
if
you
do
the
same
thing
over
and
over
again,
you
begin
to
do
it
automatically．你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。
as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整句话的内容，意为“正如……”。
1．(北京高考满分作文)正如我们知道的，长江是亚洲最长河流，拥有许多景点。__As
we
know__，the
Yangtze
River
is
the
longest
river
in
Asia
and
has
so
many
attractions．
2．I
do
hope
so
because
I
want
you
to
live
as
long
and
healthy
a
life
as
I
have．我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。
(1)do/does/did强调谓语动词。(2)“as＋adj．＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as．．．”结构。
2．①(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我的确希望你能和我一起参观这个剪纸展览。I
__do
hope__
you
can
visit
the
paper-cutting
exhibition
with
me．②(四川卷书面表达)我认为，冬天也像夏天那样，是一个充满活力的季节。In
my
opinion,
winter
is
__as
energetic
a
season
as__
summer．
3．I
knew
it
was
time
to
quit
smoking．我知道该戒烟了。
It
is/was
time
to
do
sth．该做某事了。
3．(北京卷)我们该把我们学到的技巧应用到实际中去了。__It
was
time
to
put__
the
skills
we
had
learned
to
use．
4．It
is
only
when
the
disease
has
progressed
to
AIDS
that
a
person
begins
to
look
sick．只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。
It
is．．．that．．．为强调句型。
4．(福建卷书面表达)不是这个故事本身而是这个故事反映出来的东西才是重要的。__It
is__
not
the
story
itself
but
what
is
reflected
in
the
story
__that__
counts．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．stress
n．重压；逼迫；压力；重音；强调重要性 vt．加压力于；使紧张；重读
词汇拓展
stressed
adj．焦虑不安的，感到有压力的
stressful
adj．产生压力的；压力重的；紧张的
用法归纳
(1)under
stress
在压力之下
under
the
stress
of．．．在……压力之下
lay/place/put
stress
on
sth．强调某事物
(2)stress
the
importance
of．．．
强调……的重要性
层级训练
夯基—完成句子。
①(朗文高阶)Janet's
been
__under
a
lot
of
stress__
since
her
mother's
illness．
珍妮特自从她母亲生病以来承受了很大压力。
②(牛津高阶)She
lays
__great
stress
on__
punctuality．
她十分注重守时。
③(有道词典)Nobody
is
perfect,
especially
__under
stress__．
人无完人，尤其是在压力之下。
提能—单句写作。
④(2019·北京卷书面表达)Last
weekend,
we
started
a
campaign
with
the
theme
“Working
is
the
most
beautiful”
and
__stressed
the
importance
of
working
with__
our
own
hands．
上周末，我们以“工作是最美的”为主题发起了一场活动，并强调了亲手劳动的重要性。
2．due
adj．欠款的；预定的；到期的
用法归纳
(1)be
due
to
do
sth．预定做某事
(2)(be)
due
to
sb．应支付/给予/归于某人
(be)
due
to
sth．由于/因为某事
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中due
to或due的含义。
①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Many
parents
still
limit
electronic
reading,
mainly
due
to
concerns
about
increased
screen
time．
__由于__
②(浙江10月卷)Suddenly
another
thought
went
through
Kate's
mind
like
an
electric
shock．
An
express
train
was
due
to
go
past
about
thirty
minutes
later．
__预定的__
③The
old
man
said
the
accident
was
due
to
careless
driving,
so
a
lot
of
money
was
due
to
be
paid
by
the
driver．
__由于；应支付__
④The
books
must
be
returned
before
the
due
date
or
the
kid
cannot
borrow
other
books．
__到期的__
提能—一句多译。
⑤多亏了英语老师的帮助，我的英语成绩在班级总是名列前茅。
__Due
to
my
English
teacher's
help__，my
English
scores
were
always
at
the
top
of
my
class．
⑥__It
was
due
to
my
English
teacher's
help
that__my
English
scores
were
always
at
the
top
of
my
class．(强调句型)
3．addicted
adj．入了迷的；上了瘾的
词汇拓展
addict
vt．使沉溺；使上瘾 n．有瘾的人
addiction
n．
癖好
用法归纳
(1)be/become/get
addicted
to(doing)sth．沉溺于(做)某事
(2)addict
oneself
to
(doing)sth．沉溺于(做)某事
a
work
addict
工作狂
温馨提示
不管是动词addict还是形容词addicted或名词addiction，表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”都和介词to连用。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(牛津高阶)He
is
now
fighting
his
__addiction__(addict)
to
alcohol．
②(广东卷)The
smarter
a
child
is,
the
less
likely
he
gets
__addicted__(addict)
to
TV．
提能—单句写作。
③(重庆高考书面表达)就我个人而言，迷恋于玩手机是不明智的，因为我们有可能忽视生活中其他重要的事情。
As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
__it's
not
wise
for
us
to
be
addicted
to
playing
with
smart
phones__
because
we
may
ignore
other
important
things
in
life．
4．accustomed
adj．经常的；惯常的；习惯了的
词汇拓展
accustom
vt．使习惯于
用法归纳
(1)be
accustomed
to(doing)sth．习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)
get/become
accustomed
to(doing)sth．习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)
(2)accustom
sb．/oneself
to(doing)sth．使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①As
we
all
know,
English
people
are
accustomed
to__driving__(drive)
on
the
left．
②__Accustomed__(accustom)
to
living
in
the
countryside,
Mr．King
found
it
hard
to
live
in
the
city．
提能—一句多译。
我习惯于在冬天的每个晚上喝一杯热茶，这样我就会觉得又有精神了。
③__I
am
accustomed
to
drinking__a
cup
of
hot
tea
every
evening
in
the
cold
winter,
and
I
feel
refreshed
again．
④I__accustom
myself
to
drinking__a
cup
of
hot
tea
every
evening
in
the
cold
winter,
and
I
feel
refreshed
again．
⑤__Accustomed
to
drinking__a
cup
of
hot
tea
every
evening
in
the
cold
winter,
I
feel
refreshed
again．(分词作状语)
5．effect
n．结果；效力；影响
词汇拓展
effective
adj．
有效的；有影响的
affect
vt．影响
用法归纳
have
an
effect
on/upon．．．
对……产生影响
come/go
into
effect
生效
bring/carry/put．．．into
effect实施；使……生效/起作用
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·北京卷)Individual
talent
will
have
positive
effects
__on__
team
performance
when
task
interdependence
is
lower．
②It
won't
be
easy
to
put
the
changes
__into__effect，so
we
must
spare
no
effort
to
do
it．
③One
of
the
most
__effective__
(effect)
ways
to
reduce
stress
is
to
talk
about
feelings
with
someone
you
trust．
提能—单句写作。
④(2018·北京卷书面表达)I
introduced
the
history
of
tea-making,
__which
has
a
great
effect
on
them__
to
help
better
understand
our
tea-drinking
culture．
我介绍了制茶的历史，这对帮助他们更好地理解我们的饮茶文化有很大的影响。
6．ashamed
adj．感到惭愧或羞耻的
词汇拓展
shame
n．羞愧
shameful
adj．可耻的；不道德的
用法归纳
(1)be
ashamed
to
do．．．耻于做……；因难为情而不愿做……
feel/be
ashamed
of
(doing)sth．为(做)某事感到羞愧
(2)It's
a
shame
that．．．/What
a
shame
that．．．
……真让人遗憾。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①He
felt
ashamed
__of__
cheating
in
the
exam，determined
never
to
do
such
things
again．
②
__It__
is
a
shame
that
a
good
student
should
do
something
like
that．
③It
is
__
shameful__
(shame)
to
break
school
rules,
to
be
selfish
or
to
make
little
effort
to
achieve
progress．
夯基—单句改错。
④I
am
ashamed
of
me
for
losing
my
temper
over
a
silly
reason
and
for
calling
you
names．
__me→myself__
提能—单句写作。
⑤Having
read
about
the
above
common
complaint
from
so
many
mothers,
__I
feel
ashamed
and
guilty__．
读了上面如此多的妈妈们的抱怨，我感到羞愧和内疚。
7．take
risks/a
risk冒险
(1)at
risk
有风险；处境危险
at
the
risk
of．．．
冒着……的危险
run
the
risk
(of
doing
sth．)
冒险(做某事)
put．．．at
risk
让……处于危险之中
(2)risk
doing
sth．
冒险做某事
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(全国卷Ⅲ)They
were
more
likely
to
break
the
speed
limit
and
be
__at__
the
risk
of
getting
fined．
②You
may
drink,
smoke,
be
overweight
and
still
reduce
your
risk
__of__
dying
early
by
running．
③He
got
well-prepared
for
the
job
interview,
for
he
couldn't
risk
__losing__
(lose)
the
good
opportunity．
提能—单句写作。
④(江苏卷书面表达)Not
only
does
the
traffic
issue
affect
our
daily
life，but
it
also
__puts
people's
lives
at
risk__．
交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且还使人们的生命处于危险之中。
8．I
do
hope
so
because
I
want
you
to
live
as
long
and
healthy
a
life
as
I
have．
我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。
句中的do用来表示强调。as
long
and
healthy
a
life
as是“as＋adj．＋a/an＋单词可数名词＋as．．．”结构。
归纳拓展
(1)“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但必须符合以下条件：
①句子为肯定句。
②句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
③只能用来强调谓语动词，若强调主语、宾语、状语等，则应用It
is/was．．．that/who．．．进行强调。
(2)句中使用了一个比较结构：so/as＋adj．＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as，意为“和……一样……”。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I
__do__
sincerely
hope
that
you
can
take
my
application
into
account
at
your
earliest
convenience．
②To
our
joy,
he
__did__
manage
to
finish
the
task
ahead
of
schedule．
③We
wanted
him
to
have
__as__
full
a
life
as
possible，not
different
from
what
we
want
for
our
other
two
sons．
④As
a
matter
of
fact,
I
can't
afford
as
expensive
a
car
__as__
this
one．
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Playing
ping-pong
is
__as
popular
an
activity
as__playing
football
in
our
campus．
在我们校园里，打乒乓球和踢足球一样受欢迎。
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．It's
quite
hot
today．Do
you
feel
like
__going__(go)
for
a
swim?
2．It
is
unbelievable
that
Mr．Lucas
leads
a
simple
life
__despite__his
great
wealth．
3．—They
are
quiet,
aren't
they?
—Yes．They
are
accustomed
to
not
__talking__(talk)
at
meals．
4．Lydia
doesn't
feel
like
__studying__(study)
abroad．Her
parents
are
old．
5．The
two
girls
are
so
alike
that
strangers
find
__it__difficult
to
tell
one
from
the
other．
6．—Who
knocked
at
the
door?
—I've
no
idea．I
just
pretended
nobody
was
at
home,
so
I
didn't
ask
who
__it__
was．
7．The
leader
__strengthened__(strength)
his
basketball
team
by
bringing
in
several
young
players．
8．After
the
earthquake,
the
soldiers
took
the
risk
of
__being
injured__(injure)
by
the
falling
stones
to
save
the
villagers．
9．The
new
survey
shows
that
the
number
of
students
__addicted__(addict)
to
computer
games
has
been
on
the
increase
in
recent
years．
10．It's
not
what
we
do
once
in
a
while
__that__
shapes
our
lives,
but
what
we
do
consistently．
11．Wherever
he
is,
he
makes
__it__
a
rule
to
give
his
mother
a
call
every
day．
12．The
young
man
risked
__being
knocked__
(knock)
down
to
take
the
child
on
the
busy
road
to
safety．
13．Things
can
easily
go
wrong
when
people
are
__under__
stress．
14．In
spite
of
__what__
has
recently
been
done
to
provide
more
buses
for
the
people,
a
shortage
of
public
vehicles
remains
a
serious
problem．
15．My
passport
is
due
__to__
expire．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．Fathers
have
an
enormous
effect
to
their
children's
personalities
and
chances
of
marital
happiness．
__to→on__
2．If
a
person
is
in
the
desert
and
has
no
water
with
him,
he
will
get
desperately．
__desperately→desperate__
3．After
seeing
your
ad,
I
think
your
six-week
English
course
is
very
fit
to
me．
__to→for__
4．When
he
was
abroad,
he
began
to
take
drugs
and
became
addicting
to
drugs．
__addicting→addicted__
5．Being
able
to
afford
a
drink
would
be
a
comfort
in
those
toughly
times．
__toughly→tough__
6．Accustomed
to
get
up
early,
it
was
not
difficult
for
him
to
adjust
to
the
new
schedule．
__get→getting__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．我们想让他尽可能过着充实的生活，使我们高兴的是，他确实过得充实。(as＋adj．＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as．．．，强调谓语动词)
__We
wanted
him
to
live
as
full
a
life
as
possible，and
to
our
joy，he
did
live
fruitfully．__
2．他沉迷于看小说，没有注意到有人已经进入了厨房。(分词短语作状语；addicted)
__Addicted
to
reading
the
novel，he
didn't
notice
that
someone
had
entered
the
kitchen．__
3．因为现代生活的快节奏，很多人都生活在巨大的压力之下。(due
to；stress)
__Due
to
the
fast
rhythm
of
modern
life，a
number
of
people
are
living
under
great
stress．__
4．是回忆我们一起度过的那些美好时光的时候了。(it's
time
to．．．)
__It's
time
to
recall
those
beautiful
days
we
spent
together．__
5．如果年轻人每天听非常嘈杂的音乐，他们可能会耳聋。(risk；expose)
__Young
people
may
risk
going
deaf
if
they
are
exposed
to
very
loud
music
every
day．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
It's
easy
for
you
to
start
smoking,
but
once
you
become
__1．addicted__
(addict)
to
it,
you
may
find
__2．it__
difficult
for
you
to
quit．
Firstly,
you
may
become
__3．physically__(physical)
addicted
to
nicotine,
one
of
the
hundreds
of
harmful
chemicals
that
exist
in
cigarettes．
__4．Secondly
__
(second),
you
may
develop
the
habit
of
smoking
and
finally
become
mentally
addicted
to
it．
You
may
believe
that
you
will
only
feel
good
when
you
smoke
and
may
find
all
__5．kinds__
(kind)
of
negative
emotions
in
you
when
you
stop
smoking．
Smoking
may
have
all
kinds
of
harmful
effects
on
the
health
of
both
the
smokers
themselves
and
non-smokers
around
them．
It
not
only
__6．affects__
(affect)
your
physical
fitness,
but
also
does
harm
__7．to__
your
heart
and
lungs
and
causes
__8．a__
variety
of
diseases．
Being
a
smoker,
the
offensive
smell
__9．and__
appearance
of
you
may
drive
people
around
you
away．
So,
it's
important
that
one
should
quit
__10．smoking__
(smoke)
and
live
a
healthier
life．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
由于各种原因，你校的许多同学养成了熬夜的习惯，熬夜会对健康造成很大的危害。请你以“The
Harmful
Effects
of
Staying
Up
Late”为题，写一篇英语短文，给你校英文报投稿，以使熬夜的同学认识到熬夜的危害并改掉这一不良习惯。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①由于各种原因，许多学生养成了熬夜的习惯。
For
various
reasons，many
students
__have
got
into
the
habit
of
staying
up
late
__．
②熬夜是个坏习惯，对健康有很坏的影响。
Staying
up
late
is
a
bad
habit，__which
will
have
bad
effects
on
our
health__．
③熬夜不仅导致缺乏精力而且使我们头疼并无法在课上专心致志。
It
will
not
only
__lead
to
a
lack
of
energy__but
also
cause
us
to
suffer
from
headaches
and
be
unable
to
concentrate
on
our
lessons．
④长期熬夜会减弱记忆，并对视力和肝脏有害。
Long-time
staying
up
late
will
__weaken
our
memory__，and
do
harm
to
eyesight
as
well
as
liver．
⑤习惯熬夜的人更有可能会患有其他疾病。
__Those
who
are
accustomed
to
staying
up
late
are
more
likely
to
suffer
from
other
diseases．__
⑥是我们停止熬夜并采用健康的生活方式的时候了。
__It
is
high
time
that
we
should
adopt/adopted
a
healthy
lifestyle
and
quitted/gave
up
staying
up
late．
__
?升级平淡句
利用定语从句升级句①
__There
are
various
reasons
why
many
students
have
got
into
the
habit
of
staying
up
late．
__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：actually，additionally，therefore，to
begin
with，what's
worse等)
The
Harmful
Effects
of
Staying
Up
late
__There
are
various
reasons
why
many
students
have
got
into
the
habit
of
staying
up
late．
Actually，staying
up
late
is
a
bad
habit,
which
will
have
bad
effects
on
our
health．
To
begin
with,
it
will
not
only
lead
to
a
lack
of
energy
but
also
cause
us
to
suffer
from
headaches
and
be
unable
to
concentrate
on
our
lessons．
Additionally,
long-time
staying
up
late
will
weaken
our
memory,
and
do
harm
to
eyesight
as
well
as
liver．
What's
worse,
those
who
are
accustomed
to
staying
up
late
are
more
likely
to
suffer
from
other
diseases．
Therefore，it
is
high
time
that
we
should
adopt/adopted
a
healthy
lifestyle
and
quitted/gave
up
staying
up
late．__
PAGEUnit
5 The
power
of
nature
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__wave__n．波浪；波涛vi．波动；起伏；挥手2．__bathe__vi．洗澡；游泳3．__potential__n．潜在性；可能性；潜能adj．可能的；潜在的4．__threat__n．
恐吓；威胁5．__precious__adj．
贵重的；珍贵的6．__tremble__vi．
摇晃；摇动；颤抖7．__sweat__n．汗vi．出汗
8．__guarantee__vt．保证；担保9．__panic__vi．&
vt．惊慌n．惊慌；恐慌10．__shoot__vt．射中；射伤
1．
In
conclusion,
people
around
the
world
should
be
aware
of
the
real
situation
of
water
shortage,
protect
the
present
water
resources
and
explore
__potential__
(潜在的)
ones
scientifically．
2．
I
would
appreciate
it
very
much
if
you
could
give
us
some
__precious__
(珍贵的)
advice
on
how
to
improve
our
online
English
school．3．
Only
when
one
is
in
good
health
can
he
__guarantee__
(保证)
efficient
learning．4．
Studies
indicate
an
increasing
__threat__
(威胁)
from
extreme
weather,
such
as
tornado,
typhoons,
drought,
flooding,
sandstorm,
hailstorm,
and
so
on．5．
__Waving__
(wave)
goodbye
to
them
on
the
platform,
I
felt
happy
for
them
and
wished
them
a
safe
journey．
6．
The
sun
began
to
rise
in
the
sky,
__bathing__
(bathe)
the
mountain
in
golden
light．
拓展单词
1．__equipment__n．设备；装备→__equip__v．配备；装备2．__appoint__
vt．任命；委派→__appointment__
n．任命；约定3．__evaluate__vt．评估；评价；估计→__evaluation__
n．评估4．__absolute__
adj．绝对的；完全的→__absolutely__adv．绝对地；完全地5．__suit__
n．一套外衣；套装vt．适合；使适宜→__suitable__
adj．适当的；相配的6．__erupt__
vi．(指火山)爆发；突然发生→__eruption__
n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发7．__actual__
adj．实在的；实际的→__actually__adv．实际地8．__novelist__
n．小说家→__novel__
n．小说
adj．新奇的9．__unconscious__
adj．失去知觉的；未察觉的→__conscious__
adj．有知觉的；有意识的→__consciously__
adv．有意识地10．__anxious__
adj．忧虑的；不安的→__anxiously__
adv．不安地→__anxiety__
n．担心；焦虑；渴望11．__appreciation__
n．欣赏；感激；感谢→__appreciate__
vt．欣赏；感激12．__fog__
n．雾；烟雾→__foggy__adj．有雾的；模糊的13．__uncomfortable__
adj．不舒服的；不舒适的→__comfortable__
adj．合适的；舒适的→__comfort__vt．使安慰14．__diverse__adj．多种多样的；不同的→__diversity__
n．多种多样；多样性
1．
Choose
a
pair
of
shoes
that
__
suits__
you
best,
and
we'll
cycle
to
a
__suitable__
place
for
a
picnic．
(suit)
2．
Chinese-American
__novelist__
Gish
Jen
covers
great
many
a
topic
in
her
__
novels__
,
such
as
culture,
race,
and
immigrants
etc．
(novel)3．
He
was
__appointed__
as
manager
of
the
company．
But
to
everyone's
surprise,
he
didn't
accept
the
__appointment__．
(appoint)4．
He
was
__anxious__
to
leave
and
he
could
not
hide
his
__
anxiety__．
(anxious)
5．
Among
all
the
people
we
should
__appreciate__，our
parents
are
the
ones
who
deserve
our
__
appreciation__
most．
(appreciate)
6．
The
new
labs
are
__equipped__
with
advanced
__equipment__．
(equip)7．
Do
you
want
to
__evaluate__
your
intelligence?
Just
complete
the
__
evaluation__
from
below,
please．
(evaluate)
8．
Tom
was
badly
hurt
and
still
__unconscious__
after
the
accident,
but
his
wife
was
__conscious__
and
was
smiling
to
us
__consciously__．
(conscious)9．
People
from
__diverse__
cultures
hold
different
understanding
on
the
play
and
this
__diversity__
of
opinions
makes
it
hard
to
reach
an
agreement
at
the
meeting．
(diverse)
联想积累：
1．“职场”高频动词集锦
①appoint
任命
②hire
雇用；租用
③employ
雇用
④interview
面试
⑤promote
晋升
⑥fire
开除
⑦dismiss
解雇
⑧resign
辞职
⑨retire
退休
2．后缀-ment名词小结
①equipment
设备
②advertisement
广告
③announcement
通知；通告
④achievement
功绩；成就
⑤punishment
惩罚
⑥treatment
对待；治疗
⑦appointment
任命；约定
⑧requirement
要求
⑨agreement
协议
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__make
one's
way__前往
2．__glance
through__匆匆看一遍
3．__vary
from．．．to．．．__由……到……不等
4．__give
birth
to__生产；产生
5．__be
compared
with．．．__与……相比
6．__have
a
gift
for__有……的天赋
7．__be
appointed
as．．．__被委派为……
8．__burn
to
the
ground__全部焚毁
9．__be
about
to
do
sth．__即将做某事；马上就要做某事
10．__refer
to__查阅；参考；指的是
11．__in
(a)
panic__恐慌
12．__be
anxious
about__担心
13．__be
home
to__是……的栖息地
语境运用
1．Changbaishan
is
China's
largest
nature
reserve
and
__is
home
to__
a
great
diversity
of
rare
plants
and
animals．
2．One
afternoon
the
other
day,
while
__making
my
way__
home
after
school,
I
happened
to
witness
a
serious
car
accident．
3．After
work,
I
usually
__glance
through__
newspapers,
listen
to
the
news
on
radio
or
watch
TV．
4．It's
said
that
this
beautiful
village
was
once
__burnt
to
the
ground__
during
the
war．
5．__Compared
with__
other
European
countries,
lifestyle
in
Italy
is
slower
and
more
relaxing
in
its
own
way．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．Having
collected
and
evaluated
the
information,
I
help
other
scientists
to
predict
where
lava
from
the
volcano
will
flow
next
and
how
fast．收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。
现在分词的完成式(having
done)作状语，表示先于主句谓语动作之前的动作。
1．(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)已经在中国那么长时间了，你可能已经了解了有关于中国剪纸的一些东西。__Having
stayed
in
China
for
so
long__，you
may
have
learned
something
about
Chinese
paper-cutting．
2．This
being
my
first
experience,
I
stayed
at
the
top
and
watched
them．我是第一次经历这样的事，所以我留在山顶上观察他们。
this
being
my
first
experience是独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语。
2．(湖北卷书面表达)全面考虑，我们可以得出结论：我们做的小事情也可以使我们成为对社会负责的人。__Everything
taken
into
account__，we
can
draw
a
conclusion
that
the
small
things
we
do
can
also
make
us
a
responsible
member
of
the
society．
3．It
is
said
that
this
boy,
who
had
a
great
gift
for
languages
and
persuasion,
is
the
father
of
the
Manchu
people．据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
It
is
said
that．．．“据说……”，是一个固定句式。
3．(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)据说中国的传统艺术形式——剪纸有千年的历史。__It
is
said
that__
Chinese
traditional
art
form—paper-cutting
has
a
history
of
one
thousand
years．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．appoint
vt．约定；指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委派
词汇拓展
appointment
n．
任命；约会
用法归纳
(1)appoint
sb．(as/to
be)．．．任命某人(为……)
appoint
sb．to
do
sth．委派某人做某事
(2)make/have/fix
an
appointment
with
sb．与某人约会/预约
keep/break
an
appointment守/违约
巧学助记
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①You
can
put
the
books
in
the
__appointed__(appoint)
place，and
other
participants
can
have
free
access
to
them．
②(2018·北京卷)Good
morning．
I'd
tike
to
make
an
__appointment__(appoint)
for
next
Wednesday
afternoon．
提能—单句写作。
③(天津高考书面表达)我被指定来负责安排那一天的所有活动。
__I
was
appointed
to
take
charge
of
arranging
all
the
activities
on
that
day．__
2．suit
n．
一套外衣；套装 vt．适合；使适宜
词汇拓展
suitable
adj．
适当的；相配的
用法归纳
(1)a
suit
of一套/副
(2)suit
one's
needs
适合某人的需要
suit
sth．
to
sb．/sth．
使某物适合于某人/物
(3)be
suitable
for
sb．/sth．
适合于某人/某物
be
suitable
to
do
sth．
适合做某事
名师点津
(1)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等；
(2)fit多指大小、形状的合适；
(3)match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
The
hat
doesn't
suit
her，for
one
thing
it
doesn't
fit
because
of
its
size；for
another
its
color
doesn't
match
her
charming
face．
夯基—单句语法填空。
①A
good
teacher
suits
his
lessons
__to__
the
age
of
his
pupils．
②(2018·天津卷书面表达)You
have
just
won
first
prize
in
the
Robotics
Competition．
Therefore,
you
are
the
most
__suitable__(suit)
person．
提能—一句多译。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)因为我精通英语，我的确认为我适合这项志愿者工作。
③I
do
believe
I
__am
suitable/fit
for__
this
voluntary
work,
because
I
have
a
good
knowledge
of
English．
④I
do
believe
this
voluntary
work
__suits
me__，because
I
have
a
good
knowledge
of
English．
3．anxious
adj．忧虑的；不安的
词汇拓展
anxiety
n．
忧虑；担心；渴望
anxiously
adv．
焦虑地
用法归纳
(1)be
anxious
for/about．．．
为……担心/担忧
be
anxious
to
do
sth．急于做某事
be
anxious
that．．．(should)do
sth．希望……
(2)with
anxiety＝anxiously
焦虑地
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2018·江苏卷)According
to
Life
in
Likes,
as
children
grew，they
became
more
anxious
__to
get__
(get)
more
public
approval．
②(2018·天津卷)__Anxiously__
(anxious)
I
went
to
bed
dreaming
about
what
I
would
find
at
the
top
of
this
magical
mountain．
③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)There's
tension
and
__anxiety__
(anxious)
from
the
beginning
as
Nick
and
Amy
battle
for
your
trust．
提能—一句多译。
我很担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上很难入睡。
④I'm
__so
anxious
about
the
coming
exam
that__
I
can
hardly
fall
asleep
at
night．
⑤__Anxious
about
the
coming
exam__，I
can
hardly
fall
asleep
at
night．(形容词作伴随状语)
4．panic
vi．
&
vt．惊慌；(使人或动物)受惊n．惊慌；恐慌
归纳拓展
(1)in
panic
惊慌失措地
get
into
a
panic陷入恐慌
(2)panic
sb．
into
doing
sth．
使某人惊慌地做某事
夯基—单句语法填空。
①The
first
time
he
stepped
on
the
stage,
he
__panicked__
(panic)
at
the
sight
of
the
audience．
②Not
only
do
online
rumors
cause
people
__in__
panic，but
they
disturb
public
order．
提能—单句写作。
③__Whenever
people
make
decisions
when
they
are
in
panic__，the
consequences
are
rarely
pretty．
每当人们在惊恐慌乱中做出决定时，结果往往都不太美妙。
5．guarantee
v．保证；担保 n．保证；担保；保修单
词汇拓展
guaranteed
adj．
有保证的
用法归纳
(1)guarantee
to
do
sth．/that．．．保证做某事；确保……
guarantee
sb．
to
do
sth．保证某人做某事
guarantee
sb．sth．向某人保证某事
(2)give
sb．a
guarantee(that)．．．向某人保证……
under
guarantee
在保修期内
(3)be
guaranteed
to
do
sth．．．肯定会做某事
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①We
should
pay
attention
to
small
details,
which
can
guarantee
__to
succeed__
(succeed)
in
the
end．
②Going
out
with
friends
__
is
guaranteed__
(guarantee)
to
cheer
you
up,
especially
when
you
are
in
low
spirits．
③The
digital
camera
in
our
shop
is
of
high
quality．
If
there
should
be
something
wrong
with
it
while
it
is
still
__under__
guarantee,
we
would
repair
it
at
our
expense．
提能—单句写作。
④
(2018·北京卷书面表达)As
for
preparation,
reading
some
Chinese
novels
in
advance
__will
guarantee
you
to
adapt
into
the
Chinese
language
environment__．
作为准备，事先阅读一些中文小说会保证让你融入中国语言的环境中。
6．make
one's
way
前往；成功
归纳拓展
in
a
way在某种程度上 in
the
way
挡道；妨碍
wind
one's
way
蜿蜒前进
push
one's
way
推挤着前行
feel
one's
way
摸索着前进
lose
one's
way
迷路
fight
one's
way奋勇前进；杀出重围
巧学助记
Having
felt
his
way
through
the
forest,
he
lost
his
way
back
home,
only
to
find
a
river
winding
its
way
down
the
hill．
摸索着穿过森林，他迷失了回家的路，仅发现一条小溪沿着山坡蜿蜒流下来。
层级训练
夯基—用以上短语的适当形式填空。
①Though
they
were
surrounded
by
the
enemies
on
all
sides,
they
managed
to
__fight
their
way__
out．
②The
Great
Wall
__winds
its
way__
across
north
China
like
a
huge
dragon．
③Without
experience
on
it,
we
have
to
__feel
our
way__．
④__In
a
way__，this
is
one
of
our
biggest
mistakes．
⑤Can
you
move
the
stone?
It's
__in
the
way__
of
our
car．
⑥As
the
children
got
into
a
forest,
they
__lost
their
way__．
提能—单句写作。
⑦__They
lost
their
way
in
the
forest__and
what
made
matters
worse
was
that
night
began
to
fall．
他们在森林中迷路了，使情况更糟糕的是夜幕开始降临。
7．It
is
said
that
this
boy,
who
had
a
great
gift
for
languages
and
persuasion,
is
the
father
of
the
Manchu
people．
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
It
is
said
that．．．据说……
归纳拓展
(1)据说某人/物……
不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。
(2)It
is
thought
that．．．
人们认为……
It
is
believed
that．．．
人们相信……
It
is
hoped
that．．．
人们希望……
It
is
reported
that．．．
据报道……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/补全句子。
①He
is
thought
__to
have
acted__
(act)
foolishly．Now
he
has
no
one
but
himself
to
blame
for
losing
the
job．
②(2018·全国卷I书面表达)Carbon
dioxide
is
said
__to
be
heating__
(heat)
the
earth
twice
as
quickly
as
previously
feared．
③__It
is
hoped
that__
(人们希望)
these
suggestions
would
be
of
great
help
to
you．
提能—一句多译。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)人们相信音乐节不仅有意义而且有趣。
④__It
is
believed
that__
the
music
festival
will
be
not
only
meaningful
but
also
interesting．
⑤
__People
believe
that__
the
music
festival
will
be
not
only
meaningful
but
also
interesting．
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)It's
been
reported
that
76
percent
of
employees
in
some
western
countries
are
using
emojis
at
work．
2．It
is
widely
acknowledged
that
students
__(should)
be
evaluated__(evaluate)
in
terms
of
overall
quality．
3．The
lecture
__having
been
given__(give),
a
lively
question-and-answer
session
followed．
4．(2018·北京卷阅读)But
however
long
it
takes,
the
technology
has
the
potential
__to
change__(change)
our
transportation
systems
and
our
cities,
for
better
or
for
worse,
depending
on
how
the
transformation
is
regulated．
5．The
party
__will
be
held__(hold)
in
the
garden,
weather
permitting．
6．__Having
eaten__(eat)
at
the
cafeteria
before,
Tina
didn't
want
to
eat
there
again．
7．The
car
burns
more
fuel,
but
all
things
__taken__(take)
into
consideration,
it's
still
a
good
car．
8．—Johnson
has
been
working
very
hard
and
has
made
great
progress
in
his
field．
—No
wonder
he
__was
appointed__(appoint)
president
of
the
local
hospital
so
soon．
9．There
is
no
greater
pleasure
than
lying
on
my
back
in
the
middle
of
the
grassland,
__staring__(stare)
at
the
night
sky．
10．I
was
about
to
hand
in
the
paper
__when__
I
found
another
mistake
and
then
corrected
it
carefully．
11．This
__being__(be)
my
first
performance,
I
was
so
worried
that
I
kept
on
reading
the
script
again
and
again．
12．Have
you
ever
considered
how
weak
humans
are
__compared__(compare)
with
a
volcano,
hurricane
or
earthquake?
13．The
trial,
in
his
opinion,
was
__absolutely__(absolute)
fair．
14．She
sang
to
the
music
with
her
hand
__waving__(wave)
gently．
15．(2020·新高考卷阅读)Some
individuals
are
born
with
a
gift
for
public
speaking．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．If
the
people
in
the
building
hadn't
been
in
a
panic
and
left
inorder
when
the
fire
occurred,
many
of
them
would
not
havebeen
killed．
__去掉a__
2．Parents
are
usually
anxious
to
the
children
when
they
don'tcome
back
home
from
school．
__to→for/about__
3．A
meeting
was
called
for
the
purpose
of
appoint
a
new
secretary．
__appoint→appointing__
4．To
students,
you'd
better
choose
the
activities
which
interest
you
and
suit
for
you．
__去掉for__
5．This
is
the
building
where
the
new
sports
equipment
arestored．
__are→is__
6．The
headmaster
who
had
attended
the
grand
ceremonywaved
the
students
and
teachers
with
a
smile．
__waved后加to__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．因为担心他的安全，他的父母几乎夜里睡不着觉。(形容词短语作状语)
__Anxious
about
his
safety，his
parents
could
hardly
fall
asleep
at
night．__
2．你最好选择那些适合你的活动。(suitable)
__You'd
better
choose
the
activities
which
are
suitable
for
you．__
3．每个人都表达了看法，他们的观点各不相同。(vary)
__Everyone
expressed
their
ideas，and
the
opinions
varied
from
person
to
person．__
4．众所周知，学好英语对我们大家都大有益处。(it作形式主语；benefit)
__It
is
well-known
that
learning
English
well
will
be
of
great
benefit
to
us
all．__
5．我们学校有三个大的多媒体教室，每一间都配备了最新的电脑。(独立主格结构)
__We
have
three
large
multi-media
classrooms
in
our
school，each
equipped
with
the
newest
computers．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
I
__1．was
appointed__
(appoint)
as
a
volcanologist
twenty
years
ago．
The
job
is
exciting
but
__2．occasionally__
(occasional),
dangerous．
I
don't
mind
the
danger
because
I
help
protect
ordinary
people
from
the
volcanoes．
What
I
do
is
collect
database
about
Mount
Kilauea,
__3．an
__
active
volcano
in
Hawaii．
Having
collected
and
evaluated
the
information,
I
help
other
scientists
to
predict
where
lava
from
the
volcano
will
flow
next
and
how
fast．
When
__4．boiling__
(boil)
rock
erupts
from
a
volcano
and
crashes
back
to
earth,
it
causes
__5．less__
(little)
damage
than
you
might
imagine．
The
reason
is
__6．that__no
one
lives
near
the
top
of
Mount
Kilauea,
where
the
rocks
fall．
However,
the
lava
can
bury
everything
in
__7．its__(it)
path
under
the
molten
rock．
Once
I
was
lucky
enough
__8．to
have
__
(have)
a
much
closer
look
at
the
volcano
the
day
after
its
__9．eruption__(erupt)
with
two
other
scientists．
We
had
to
wear
protective
suits
that
covered
our
whole
body．
We
made
our
way
__10．to
__
the
edge
of
the
crater
and
collected
some
lava
for
later
study．
That
was
my
first
experience．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你是李华，你的朋友Jenny要到吉林游玩，请你给她推荐景点，请按要求回信。①推荐长白山；②介绍长白山特色；③表达祝愿。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①很高兴得知你要来吉林游玩，我想向你推荐长白山。
I'm
delighted
to
hear
you
are
coming
to
visit
Jilin,
so
__I'd
like
to
recommend
Changbaishan
to
you__．
②众所周知，长白山不仅是一个著名的旅游胜地，也是中国最大的自然保护区。
__It
is
well-known
that
Changbaishan
is
not
only
a
famous
tourist
attraction__
but
also
China's
largest
nature
reserve．
③该地高度从海拔700米到2
000多米不等。
__The
height
of
the
land
varies
from
700
meters
above
sea
level
to
over
2,000
meters．__
④它是各种稀有动植物的家园。
__It
is
home
to
a
great
diversity
of
rare
plants
and
animals．__
⑤来这里，你可以在山中漫步或沐浴在温泉水中。(分词作状语)
__Coming
here__，you
can
either
walk
in
the
mountains
or
__
bathe
in
the
hot
water
pools__．
⑥天池是该自然保护区受到高度赞赏的景观。
__The
attraction
which
is
highly
appreciated__in
the
reserve
is
Tianchi．
⑦我保证你游览长白山一定会玩得开心。(分词作状语)
__I
guarantee
you
will
have
a
wonderful
time
visiting
Changbaishan．
__
?升级平淡句
利用分词作状语升级句①
__Delighted
to
hear
you
are
coming
to
visit
Jilin，I'd
like
to
recommend
Changbaishan
to
you．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：in
addition，actually等)
__Dear
Jenny，__
__Delighted
to
hear
you
are
coming
to
visit
Jilin,
I'd
like
to
recommend
changbaishan
to
you．
It
is
well-known
that
Changbaishan
not
only
a
famous
tourist
attraction
but
China's
largest
nature
reserve．
The
height
of
the
land
varies
from
700
meters
above
sea
level
to
over
2,000
meters．
In
addition,
it
is
home
to
a
great
diversity
of
rare
plants
and
animals．
Coming
here,
you
can
either
walk
in
the
mountains
or
bathe
in
the
hot
water
pools．
Actually,
the
attraction
which
is
highly
appreciated
in
the
reserve
is
Tianchi．
I
guarantee
you
will
have
a
wonderful
time
visiting
Changbaishan．__
__Yours__，
__Li
Hua__
PAGEUnit
1 Art
必备知识·盘点夯基
,BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__typical__adj．典型的；有代表性的2．__effectively__adv．有效地3．__evident__
adj．明显的；明白的4．__adopt__vt．采用；采纳；收养5．__attempt__n．努力；尝试；企图vt．尝试；企图6．__figure__n．画像；身材；数字7．__scholar__n．学者8．__appeal__vi．有感染力；呼吁；求助vt．将……上诉n．呼吁；恳求9．__reputation__n．名声；名誉10．__exhibition__n．展览；陈列；展览会
1．Mary
has
kept
her
__figure__
(身材)
after
all
these
years
by
working
out
every
day．2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)But
the
sport's
strange
form
does
place
considerable
stress
on
the
ankles
and
hips,
so
people
with
a
history
of
such
injuries
might
want
to
be
cautious
in
adopting__(采用)the
sport．3．His
paintings
were
on
__exhibition__
(展览)
in
the
local
art
gallery
last
month．4．I
know
that
your
shop
enjoys
a
high
__
reputation__
(名声)
of
good
service,
so
I
bought
the
TV
set
in
your
shop．5．Meanwhile,
she
__appeals__
(appeal)
to
the
whole
society
to
respect
cleaners'
labor,
and
to
the
government
to
improve
their
working
and
living
conditions．
拓展单词
1．__faith__
n．信任；信心；信念→__faithful__
adj．忠实的；守信的→__faithfully__
adv．
忠实地2．__possess__
vt．拥有；具有；支配→__possession__
n．(尤作复数)所有；财产3．__coincidence__n．巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合→__coincident__
adj．同时发生的4．__predict__
vt．预言；预告；预测→__prediction__
n．预言→__predictor__
n．预言者5．__preference__n．喜爱；偏爱→__prefer__v．更喜欢；偏爱6．__aim__
n．目标；目的vi．&
vt．瞄准；(向某方向)努力→__aimless__adj．无目标的；无目的的→__aimlessly__
adv．漫无目的地；无目标地7．__signature__
n．署名；签字→__sign__
v．签名
1．I
have
__faith__
in
him
because
he
has
served
us
__
faithfully__
for
many
years,
and
I
think
he
is
a
__faithful__
and
honest
friend．
(faith)2．I
was
walking
__aimlessly__
in
the
street
when
I
came
across
John,
who
led
an
__aimless__
sort
of
life
without
any
__
aim__．
(aim)3．Your
signature
alone
can
sign
the
death
certificate
of
your
dream．
(sign)
4．The
headmaster
has
a
__preference__
that
he
__prefers__overseas
Chinese
students
highly
and
encourages
them
to
return
home
to
start
their
own
careers．
(prefer)
联想积累：
1．常见英语反义形容词面面观
①
②
③
④
2．“相信”家族
①faith
n．
信任
faithful
adj．
忠实的
faithfully
adv．
忠实地
②believe
v．
相信
belief
n．
信念
believable
adj．
可信的
unbelievable
adj．
不可信的
3．“财产”集合
①belongings
n．
财物
②possessions
n．
财产
③property
n．
财产
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__by
coincidence__偶然地
2．__a
great
deal__大量；非常
3．__on
the
other
hand__(可是)另一方面
4．__concentrate
on__集中精力于……
5．__break
away
from__逃脱；摆脱；脱离
6．__lead
to__导致；通向；通往
7．__be
allergic
to．．．__对……过敏
8．__in
the
flesh__活着的；本人
9．__appeal
to__呼吁；对(某人)有吸引力；使(某人)感兴趣
10．__a
bunch
of__一束
11．__take
turns__依次；轮流；替换
12．__scores
of__大量；许多
13．__depend/rely
on__依靠；依赖
14．__figure
out__想出
15．__as
a
consequence__结果
语境运用
1．
I
find
it
hard
to
__concentrate
on__
my
studies
with
some
people
having
small
talks
around
me．
2．
On
the
one
hand,
the
project
can
help
protect
our
environment;
__on
the
other
hand__，it
can
also
bring
us
great
benefit．
3．
What
is
known
to
us
is
that
it's
human's
activity
that
__leads
to__
global
warming．
4．
When
the
fire
broke
out,
the
police
__appealed
to__
the
public
to
remain
calm．
5．
You
look
much
younger
__in
the
flesh__
than
in
the
photographs．
6．
Besides,
we
should
sort
out
the
rubbish,
hoping
that
we
might
recycle
some,
which
will
surely
benefit
us
__a
great
deal__．
7．It
was
only
__by
coincidence__
that
I
saw
the
injured
child
on
my
way
home,
so
I
called
120
at
once．
8．__As
a
consequence__，children
become
so
reliant
on
their
parents
that
they
have
no
independent
thought
or
creative
ideas．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
Ⅰ．背会原句
Ⅱ．知晓考点
Ⅲ．我会仿用
1．This
is
because
the
Impressionists
encouraged
artists
to
look
at
their
environment
in
new
ways．这是因为印象派画家鼓励艺术家用新的方法观察环境。
This
is
because．．．“这是因为……”，because引导表语从句。
1．(2017·浙江6月卷写作)我的确希望你能够加入我们之中，这是因为Green
Hill是这样一个放松的好地方。I
do
hope
that
you
could
join
us;
__this
is
because
Green
Hill
is
such
a
fun
place
to
relax__．
2．Without
the
new
paints
and
the
new
technique,
we
would
not
be
able
to
see
the
many
great
masterpieces
for
which
this
period
is
famous．没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
without引起的含蓄虚拟条件句。
2．(重庆卷)没有战争的经历，海明威就写不出他最著名的小说《永别了，武器》。Without
his
wartime
experiences,
Hemingway
__wouldn't
have
written__
his
famous
novel
A
Farewell
to
Arms．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．aim
vt．瞄准；对准 vi．旨在；以……为目标 n．目的；目标；瞄准
词汇拓展
aimless
adj．无目的的
aimlessly
adv．无目标地
用法归纳
(1)achieve
one's
aim
达到目的；实现目标
take
aim(at)．．．向……瞄准
with
the
aim
of．．．以……为目标
(2)aim
at
sth．/doing
sth．瞄准……；对准……
be
aimed
at(doing)sth．旨在(主语多为物)
aim
to
do
sth．目标是……；旨在……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(上海卷)More
recently,
the
Paris
Agreement,
stuck
by
nearly
200
countries,
also
aims
__to
limit__(limit)
global
warming．
②(北京卷)Jane
moved
__aimlessly__(aim)
down
the
tree-lined
street,
not
knowing
where
she
was
heading．
③(天津卷)The
proposal
put
forward
by
Dobrindt
aims
__to
help__(help)
promote
fully
automatic
driving．
④(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)__With__
the
aim
of
raising
some
money
for
the
local
charity,
we
invited
several
famous
musicians
and
singers．
提能—词汇/句式升级
⑤
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)A
short
film
will
be
on
show，and
it
aims
to
help
us
to
know
more
about
the
development
of
our
school．
→A
short
film
will
be
on
show，__
which
aims
to
help
us
to
know
more
about
the
development
of
our
school__．(定语从句)
→A
short
film
will
be
on
show，__
aiming
to
help
us
to
know
more
about
the
development
of
our
school__．
(分词作状语)
→A
short
film
will
be
on
show
__with
the
aim
of
helping
us
to
know
more
about
the
development
of
our
school__．(介词短语)
2．typical
adj．典型的；有代表性的；一贯的；平常的
词汇拓展
typically
adv．典型地；有代表性地；一向如此地
用法归纳
be
typical
of．．．典型的；……有代表性的
It's
typical
of
sb．
to
do
sth．某人一向如此做某事。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(北京卷)Light
__typically__(typical)
travels
in
a
straight
line．
完成句子。
②This
painting
__is__
fairly
__typical
of__
his
early
works．
这幅画是他早期作品中相当典型的代表作。
提能—句式升级。
③Typically,
he
always
plays
jokes
on
others．(用it作形式主语改写)
__It
is
typical
of
him
to
play
jokes
on
others．__
3．possess
vt．拥有；具有；支配
词汇拓展
possession
n．(常作复数)所有；财产
用法归纳
(1)be
possessed
of具有(某品质、能力等)
(2)in
possession
of占有；拥有；持有
in
sb．'s
possession＝in
the
possession
of
sb．为某人所有；在某人的控制下
get/take/gain
possession
of拥有；占有
温馨提示
in
possession
of表主动，意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in
the
possession
of表被动，意为“被……占有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Although
he
doesn't
possess
much
money，he
is__possessed__
(possess)
of
good
health．
②Whenever
your
emotion
is
out
of
control,
just
keep
it
in
mind
that
only
by
__possessing__
(possess)a
good
state
of
mind
can
you
attain
success．
③
(2019·天津卷)Right
after
Erin
took
__possession__
(possess)
of
my
wallet
on
the
bus,
she
posted
a
picture
of
my
driver's
license
to
an
online
forum(论坛),
trying
to
see
if
anyone
knew
me．
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)All
customers
travelling
on
TransLink
services
must
be
in
possession
of
a
valid
ticket
before
boarding．
提能—一句多译。
据我所知，他拥有许多这个艺术家的作品。
⑤As
far
as
I
know,
he
is
__in
possession
of__
a
large
number
of
the
artist's
works．
⑥As
far
as
I
know,
a
large
number
of
the
artist's
works
are
__in
the
possession
of__
him．
⑦As
far
as
I
know,
he
__possesses__
a
large
number
of
the
artist's
works．
4．attempt
n．&
vt．努力；企图；尝试
归纳拓展
(1)attempt
sth．尝试某事
attempt/seek/try
to
do
sth．试图做某事
(2)make
an
attempt
to
do/at
doing
sth．试图做某事
in
an
attempt
to
do
sth．希望/试图做某事
at
one's
first
attempt
第一次尝试
attempted
murder蓄意谋杀
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt__to
climb__
(climb)
Kilimanjaro,
the
highest
mountain
in
Africa．
②It
is
said
that
Australian
scientists
are
making
fresh
attempts
at
__explaining__
(explain)
climate
change．
③Personally
speaking,
parents
are
making
__an__
attempt
to
protect
their
kids
by
giving
whatever
they
require．
提能—单句写作。
④(2018·北京卷书面表达)Soon
the
tea
room
became
lively
with
every
international
student
__attempting
to
make
their
own
tea__．
由于每个国际学生都试着自己泡茶，整个茶馆很快活跃起来了。
5．figure
n．画像；人物；身材；体形；数字 v．估计；计算；认为
归纳拓展
(1)figure
on打算；指望
figure
out理解；想出；计算出
(2)keep
one's
figure保持体形
have
a
good
figure身材好
a
political/public
figure一位政治/公众人物
巧学助记
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读)When
you
were
trying
to
figure
out__what
to
buy
for
the
environmentalist
on
your
holiday
list,
fur
probably
didn't
cross
your
mind．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It
is
difficult
to
figure
__out__
a
global
population
of
polar
bears
as
much
of
the
range
has
been
poorly
studied．
补全句子。
③Regular
exercise
helps
the
film
star
get
into
shape
and
__keeps
her
figure__(保持体型)．
④__As
for
my
favorite
figure
in
Chinese
history__
(至于中国历史上我最喜欢的人物)，it
must
be
Wei
Yuan,
a
great
thinker
in
the
late
Qing
Dynasty．
提能—词汇升级。
⑤(2018·北京卷书面表达)Last
week,
a
group
of
international
students
visited
our
school．
To
help
them
better
understand
our
tea-drinking
culture,
we
took
them
to
the
tea
room
in
our
school．
→Last
week,
a
group
of
international
students
visited
our
school．
To
help
them
better
__figure__
our
tea-drinking
culture,
we
took
them
to
the
tea
room
in
our
school．
6．appeal
vi．呼吁；要求；求助于 vt．控诉 n．呼吁；要求；吸引力
词汇拓展
appealing
adj．有吸引力的；恳求的
用法归纳
(1)appeal
to
sb．对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣
appeal
to
sb．
for
sth．/to
do
sth．向某人呼吁某事/恳求做某事
(2)make
an
appeal
to
sb．
for
sth．为……向某人呼吁或请求
make
an
appeal
to
sb．
to
do
sth．呼吁/恳求某人做某事
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The
short
film
will
help
us
students
know
the
school's
history
better
and
appeal
to
us
__to
make__
(make)
contributions
to
our
school's
development．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In
addition,
most
newspapers
had
little
in
them
that
would
appeal
__to__
a
mass
audience．
③(2018·北京卷阅读)Fewer
emissions
and
cheaper
travel
sound
pretty
__appealing__(appeal)．
提能—一句多译。
(广东高考)作者向我们呼吁要对动物更加友好。
④The
author
__appealed
us
to__
be
more
kind
to
animals．(appeal
v．)
⑤The
author
__made
an
appeal
to
us
to__
be
more
kind
to
animals．(appeal
n．)
7．on
the
other
hand(可是)另一方面(常与on
the
one
hand对应使用)
归纳拓展
(1)on(the)one
hand．．．；on
the
other
hand．．．一方面……；另一方面(却)……
(2)first(ly)．．．；second(ly)．．．第一……；第二……
(3)for
one
thing．．．；for
another．．．一则……；二则……
名师点津
on
the
one
hand中的the可以省略，而on
the
other
hand中的the不能省略。另外，
on
the
other
hand可以单独使用。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①For
one
thing,
we
don't
have
enough
money,
and
for
__another__
we
don't
have
enough
time．
②To
improve
your
English,
__firstly__，you
should
listen
more;
secondly,
you
should
read
more．
提能—单句写作。
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)__On
the
one
hand__，__I
have
a
good
command
of
spoken
English__；__on
the
other
hand__，I
have
some
experience
in
accompanying
foreign
friends．
一方面，我精通英语，另一方面我有陪伴外国朋友的经验。
8．Without
the
new
paints
and
the
new
technique,
we
would
not
be
able
to
see
the
many
great
masterpieces
for
which
this
period
is
famous．
没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
without引导了含蓄虚拟条件句。
归纳拓展
(1)“without/but
for＋名词”可取代if引导的虚拟条件从句，主句用虚拟语气，表示所说内容与事实相反。
(2)除了without，but
for之外，otherwise,
but等也常用来表示虚拟条件。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Without
excellent
education,
there
__would
be__
(be)
no
advanced
science
and
technology．
②(2019·天津卷)The
workers
were
not
better
organized,
otherwise
they
__would
have
accomplished__(accomplish)
the
task
in
half
the
time．
提能—单句写作。
③(2019·浙江卷写作)First
of
all,
thank
you
for
helping
me
learn
English．
Without
your
help,
__I
would
not
have
made
so
much
progress
in
English
learning__．
首先，谢谢你帮助我学习英语。没有你的帮助，我不会在英语学习上取得这么大的进步。
9．Among
the
painters
who
broke
away
from
the
traditional
style
of
painting
were
the
Impressionists，who
lived
and
worked
in
Paris．
在这些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中就有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派艺术家们。
归纳拓展
本句为介词短语位于句首时引起的完全倒装句式。
(1)out，in，into，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位和时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
(2)当作表语的形容词、分词提到系动词前面时，句子也要全部倒装，构成“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Among
all
these
flowers
__is
included__
(include)
a
kind
of
red
rose,
which
was
given
by
my
friend．
提能—完成句子。
②Just
in
front
of
our
house
__stands
a
tall
tree
with
a
history
of
1，000
years__
(有一棵一千年历史的大树)．
③__Such
is
our
experience__
(这就是我们的经历)，indeed
an
invaluable
piece
of
experience．
提能—句式升级。
④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The
Grand
Hotel
was
opened
in
1990．
And
it
sits
on
the
seaside
along
the
South
Coast
Highway．
→On
the
seaside
along
the
South
Coast
Highway
__sits
the
Grand
Hotel
which
was
opened
in
1990__．(定语从句；倒装句)
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Starting
your
own
business
could
be
a
way
to
achieve
financial
independence．__On__
the
other
hand,
it
could
just
put
you
in
debt．
2．David
is
allergic__to__
animal
fur,
so
he
won't
visit
anyone
who
has
cats
or
dogs
in
the
house．
3．—How
did
you
like
Nick's
performance
last
night?
—To
be
honest,
his
singing
didn't
appeal
__to__
me
much．
4．As
for
diet,
Michael
Jackson
chooses
vegetables
and
fruit
in
__preference__
(prefer)
to
any
kind
of
meat．
5．So
far,
we
__have
adopted__(adopt)
a
number
of
measures
to
treat
his
diseases．
6．__To
appeal__(appeal)
to
the
world
for
help,
Hollywood
stars
led
a
huge
fund-raising
drive
for
Haiti．
7．A
great
deal
of
progress
__has
been
made__
(make)
over
the
last
several
decades
in
health，education，and
poverty．
8．My
father
encouraged
me
in
painting,
but
he
never
loved
to
see
any
of
my
works
__exhibited__
(exhibit)
in
public．
9．Many
new
couples
conveyed
their
strong
desire
that
they
__(should)
adopt__
(adopt)
the
children
losing
their
parents
in
the
earthquake．
10．Not
__having
predicted__
(predict)
the
risks
in
the
stock
market,
they
are
now
suffering
a
great
financial
loss．
11．__Attempting__(attempt)
to
change
someone
else's
attitude
towards
life
is
a
waste
of
time
and
energy．
12．Without
the
earthquake-resistant
housing
project,
the
Feb．12
earthquake
__would
have
caused__(cause)
greater
damage．
13．It's
very
dangerous
for
you
to
use
a
kind
of
medicine
__to__
which
you
are
allergic．
14．Samuel
can't
help
having
a
big
nose—it
is
typical
__of__
him
to
be
curious
about
others'
affairs．
15．The
present
situation
is
very
complex,
so
I
think
it
will
take
me
some
time
to
figure
__out__
its
reality．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．
I'm
delighted
to
know
you
have
such
firm
faith
with
me．
__with→in__
2．It
was
only
in
coincidence
that
I
saw
the
injured
child
on
my
way
home,
so
I
called
120
at
once．
__in→by__
3．All
attempts
control
the
spread
of
the
disease
have
failed
because
of
the
bad
weather
in
that
area．
__attempts后加to__
4．The
ball
was
in
possession
of
their
opponents
for
most
of
the
match．
__possession前加the__
5．The
man
unfolded
the
paper
and
glanced
at
it,
but
his
thoughts
were
evident
elsewhere．
__evident→evidently__
6．On
one
hand,
computer
games
can
relax
us．
On
other
hand,
they
will
waste
our
time
if
we
are
addicted
to
them．
__other前加the__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．这是因为植物可以从空气、水和阳光中制造食物。
(because引导的表语从句)
__This
is
because
plants
can
make
food
from
air，water
and
sunlight．__
2．船上的一对夫妇正高声地交谈着，好像他们是这个世界上唯一的人。(as
if)
__A
couple
in
a
boat
were
talking
loudly
as
if
they
were
the
only
people
in
the
world．__
3．除此之外，向媒体发出呼吁是另外一种有效的方法。(appeal
to)
__In
addition，it
is
another
effective
way
to
appeal
to
the
news
media．__
4．一些学生花太多时间在微信上，这使得他们的父母很担心。(现在分词短语作状语)
__Some
students
spend
too
much
time
on
WeChat，making
their
parents
worried．__
5．我们的隔壁住着一对外国夫妇，好像是在中国定居了。(倒装句)
__Next
door
to
ours
live
a
foreign
couple，who
seem
to
have
settled
into
life
in
China．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
As
is
known
to
all,
art
__1．is
influenced__
(influence)
by
the
customs
and
faith
of
a
people．
Styles
in
Western
art
have
changed
many
times．
In
the
5th
century,
the
art
of
the
Middle
Ages
came
into
being
and
the
main
aim
of
__2．painters__
(paint)
was
to
represent
religious
themes．
__3．As__
a
result,
some
pictures
at
this
time
were
full
of
religious
symbols,
__4．creating__
(create)
a
feeling
of
respect
and
love
for
God．
During
the
Renaissance,
people
began
to
concentrate
__5．less__
(little)
on
religious
themes
and
adopt
a
more
humanistic
attitude
__6．to/towards__
life．
In
the
late
19th
century,
among
the
painters
who
broke
away
from
the
traditional
style
of
painting
were
the
Impressionists．
And
they
were
the
first
painters
__7．to
paint__
(paint)
outdoors．
Paintings
can
reflect
the
__8．development__
(develop)
of
civilization,
and
it
is
interesting
to
predict
__9．what__
styles
of
paintings
there
will
be
in
the
future．
__10．Why__
not
try
to
visit
some
art
galleries
to
appreciate
different
styles
of
paintings?
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你是李华，想邀请外教Peter一起参观当地民间艺术展览，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：①展览时间、地点和目的；②展览内容。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①我写信邀请你参观一个民间艺术展览，这个展览旨在促进中国传统文化。
I'm
writing
to
invite
you
to
visit
__a
folk
art
exhibition__，and
it
__is
aimed
at
promoting
traditional
Chinese
culture__．
②展览将于下周六在我市美术馆举行。
__The
exhibition
will
be
held
in
our
city
gallery
next
Saturday．__
③展览以中国民间艺术为主，包括传统剪纸、书法和绘画。
__The
exhibition
concentrates
on
Chinese
folk
art__，including
traditional
Chinese
paper-cutting
as
well
as
calligraphy
and
painting．
④一些享有盛誉的艺术家会出席展览。
Some
painters
who
__enjoy
a
high
reputation
will
be
present
at
the
exhibition__．
⑤展览不仅能吸引你，也能帮助你更好地了解中国传统文化。
Not
only
__will
it
appeal
to
you__
but
it
can
also
help
you
have
a
further
understanding
of
traditional
Chinese
culture．
⑥因为你喜欢中国传统文化，你最好不要错过这个机会。
Now
that
__you
have
a
preference
for
Chinese
traditional
culture__，you
had
better
not
miss
the
chance．
?升级平淡句
1．利用分词作定语升级句①
__I'm
writing
to
invite
you
to
visit
a
folk
art
exhibition，aimed
at
promoting
traditional
Chinese
culture．__
2．利用倒装句升级句④
__
Present
at
the
exhibition
will
be
some
painters
who
enjoy
a
high
reputation．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：furthermore，for
sure等)
__Dear
Peter，__
__I'm
writing
to
invite
you
to
visit
a
folk
art
exhibition,
aimed
at
promoting
traditional
Chinese
culture．
The
exhibition
will
be
held
in
our
city
gallery
next
Saturday．
The
exhibition
concentrates
on
Chinese
folk
art，including
traditional
Chinese
paper-cutting
as
well
as
calligraphy
and
painting．
Furthermore，present
at
the
exhibition
will
be
some
painters
who
enjoy
a
high
reputation．
For
sure，not
only
will
it
appeal
to
you
but
it
can
also
help
you
have
a
further
understanding
of
traditional
Chinese
culture．
Now
that
you
have
a
preference
for
Chinese
traditional
culture，you
had
better
not
miss
the
chance．
Hope
to
see
you
on
Saturday
evening！__
__Yours，__
__Li
Hua__
PAGE
