Unit
5 Canada—“The
True
North”
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__chat__vi．&
n．聊天；闲聊2．__scenery__n．景色；风景3．__measure__vi．&
vt．测量；衡量；判定n．计量制；计量单位；措施4．__aboard__prep．&
adv．在(船、飞机、火车或公共汽车)上；上(船、飞机、火车等)5．__within__prep．在……之内6．__broad__adj．宽阔的7．__nearby__adv．在附近adj．附近的；邻近的8．__pleased__adj．欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的9．__topic__n．话题10．__confirm__vt．证实；证明；批准11．__dawn__n．黎明；拂晓；破晓12．__harbour__n．海港
1．After
taking
some
photos,
they
stopped
at
the
top
of
the
hill
to
admire
the
__scenery__(风景)．2．(2020·江苏卷)Building
such
a
bridge
over
the
bay
was
a
hard
nut
to
crack
but
the
local
government
made
it
__within__(在……之内)two
years．3．My
younger
brother
will
__confirm__
(证实)
what
I
have
told
you．4．The
table
is
in
the
living
room,
__measuring__
(measure)four
meters
in
length
and
two
meters
in
width．5．He
likes
__chatting__
(chat)
about
the
things
with
his
friends
on
the
Internet．6．He
checked
their
names
off
as
they
went
__aboard__
(上飞机)
the
plane．7．(浙江高考)Students,
parents
and
teachers
are
__pleased__
(please)
with
the
results．
8．Qingdao
is
a
beautiful
coastal
city
and
also
one
of
the
most
important
__harbours__
(harbour)
in
China．
拓展单词
1．__surround__
vt．包围；围绕→__surroundings__
n．
(复数)周围的事物；环境→__surrounding__
adj．周围的2．__slight__
adj．轻微的；微小的→__slightly__
adv．稍稍；轻微地3．__tradition__n．传统；风俗→__traditional__adj．传统的→__traditionally__adv．传统地4．__impress__
vt．使印象深刻；使铭记→__impressive__
adj．给人深刻印象的；感人的→__impression__
n．印象5．__terrify__vt．使恐怖；恐吓→__terrified__
adj．恐惧的；受惊吓的→__terrifying__
adj．令人恐惧的→__terror__n．恐惧→__terrible__adj．恐怖的；恐惧的6．__wealthy__adj．富有的→__wealth__n．财富7．__mix__vt．&
vi．混合；调配→__mixture__n．混合(物)；混合状态8．__distance__n．距离；远方→__distant__adj．远的；远方的
1．With
so
many
trees
and
flowers
__surrounding__
it,
the
school
looks
very
nice．
I'd
like
to
bring
up
my
son
in
healthy
__surroudings__，so
I
would
like
to
send
him
to
it．
(surround)
2．When
they
saw
the
__terrifying__
scene,
everyone
on
the
spot
felt
__terrified__
and
couldn't
say
a
word．
(terrify)
3．So
charming
are
the
sights
of
Jiuzhaigou
that
they
leave
a
deep
__
impression__
on
visitors
from
home
and
abroad．
To
tell
you
the
truth,
I
am
deeply
__
impressed__
by
its
beautiful
scenery．
(impress)4．Though
there
is
a
long
__distance__
between
Tom
and
his
family,
they
don't
feel
__distant__．
(distance)
5．Robert
left
his
hometown
as
a
poor
boy
and
returned
as
an
extremely
__wealthy__
man．
However,
he
knows
that
__wealth__
doesn't
mean
everything．
(wealth)
6．The
little
boy
__mixed__
vinegar
with
sugar,
and
the
__mixture__
tasted
not
so
bad．
(mix)
联想积累：
1．“-y”后缀常见形容词聚焦
①wealth→wealthy
富有的
②thirst→thirsty
渴的；渴望的
③taste→tasty
美味的
④sleep→sleepy
困的
⑤guilt→guilty
内疚的；有罪的
⑥health→healthy
健康的
2．“说”法荟萃
①chat
vi．&
n．
聊天；闲聊
②whisper
vi．
小声说；耳语
③inform
vt．
通知；告知
④announce
vt．
宣告；宣布
⑤declare
vt．
宣布；声明
⑥state
vt．
声明；陈述
3．“可怕的”高频形容词
①terrifying
极其可怕的；
吓人的
②frightening
吓人的；可怕的
③alarming
令人惊恐的
④awful
可怕的；惊人的
⑤horrible
恐怖的
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__rather
than__与其；不愿
2．__settle
down__定居；平静下来；专心于
3．__be
surrounded
by/with__被……包围
4．__manage
to
do__设法做
5．__catch
sight
of__看见；瞥见
6．__have
a
gift
for__有……天赋
7．__in
the
distance__在远处
8．__as
far
as__远到；直到；至于
9．__at
dawn__在黎明；在拂晓
10．__be
impressed
with．．．__给……留下深刻印象
11．__in
charge
of__负责
12．__dream
of/about__梦想……
13．__be
famous
for__因……而著名
语境运用
1．The
train
had
disappeared
__in
the
distance__
before
they
hurried
to
the
railway
station．
2．He
can
speak
several
foreign
languages
as
he
__has
a
gift
for__
learning
languages．
3．__At
dawn__
they
set
out
and
at
noon
they
arrived
at
their
destination．
4．Heze
__is
famous
for__
its
peonies
(牡丹花),
some
of
which
are
displayed
in
Tian'anmen
Square．
5．The
problem
the
new
teacher
is
facing
is
that
it
always
takes
a
while
for
the
class
to
__settle
down__
at
the
start
of
a
lesson．
6．There
was
a
hole
in
the
door,
through
which
I
__caught
sight
of__
Mr．
Brown
sitting
in
a
chair．
7．He
__managed
to
get__
in
touch
with
the
lady
who
was
in
charge
of
the
Hope
Project．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．Rather
than
take
the
aeroplane
all
the
way,
they
decided
to
fly
to
Vancouver
and
then
take
the
train
from
west
to
east
across
Canada．她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。
rather
than“与其；不愿；而不是”，连接并列成分。
1．正是文化而非语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。It
was
the
culture,
__rather
than
the
language__，that
made
it
hard
for
him
to
adapt
to
the
new
environment
abroad．
2．It
is
so
wet
there
that
the
trees
are
extremely
tall,
some
measuring
over
90
metres．那儿湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些树测量起来高达90多米。
独立主格结构。
2．树叶到处飘落，我突然意识到秋天来临了。__Leaves
falling
here
and
there__，I
suddenly
notice
autumn
is
drawing
upon．
3．It's
too
bad
you
can't
go
as
far
as
Ottawa,
Canada's
capital．很可惜，你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。
as
far
as“远到；远至；就……而言”。
3．(四川卷书面表达)就我而言，只有在平时努力学习，你才能最终获得成功。__As
far
as
I'm
concerned__，only
by
studying
hard
at
ordinary
time
can
you
succeed
eventually．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．surround
vi．&
vt．包围；围绕
词汇拓展
surrounding
adj．周围的；附近的
surroundings
n．环境(常用复数)
用法归纳
surround
sb．/sth．with
sb．/sth．用某人/某物包围某人/某物
be
surrounded
by/with
．．．被……包围
名师点津
surroundings指周围具体的、物质性的环境，而environment指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活的环境条件。
The
boy
grew
up
in
beautiful
surroundings
but
not
in
a
happy
home
environment．
这个男孩成长的周边环境很漂亮，但家庭环境不幸福。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)And
when
he
saw
the
mists
rising
from
the
river
and
the
soft
clouds
__surrounding__
(surround)
the
mountain
tops,
he
was
reduced
to
tears．
②(2019·江苏卷)Steve
arrived
and
sat
in
the
front
row,
__surrounded__
(surround)
by
his
family．
③(浙江高考)Surround
yourself
__with__
uplifting
individuals
who
challenge
you
to
be
better
while
loving
you
for
who
you
are．
④(福建高考书面表达)Only
in
this
way
can
we
live
in
more
comfortable
and
beautiful
__surroundings__(surround)．
提能—单句写作/句式升级。
⑤远处那栋高楼是我爸爸公司的所在地。
The
tall
building
__in
the
distance__
is
home
to
my
father's
company．
⑥那栋高楼被许多枫树所环绕。
The
tall
building
__is
surrounded
by__
a
great
many
maple
trees．
⑦用过去分词短语作后置定语连接⑤⑥句：
__The
tall
building
surrounded
by
a
great
many
maple
trees
in
the
distance
is
home
to
my
father's
company．__
2．measure
vi．&
vt．测量；衡量；判定 n．计量制；计量单位；措施
词汇拓展
measurement
n．尺寸；大小；测量
用法归纳
(1)measure．．．by．．．用……来衡量……
be
measured
by/in用……来衡量/计算
(2)take
measures/steps/action
to
do
sth．采取措施做某事
make
sth．
to
one's
own
measure为某人量身定做某物
take
one's
measure给某人量尺寸
名师点津
measure意为“有……长(宽、高、重)”时为不及物动词，常用主动形式。
The
classroom
measures
30
feet
long
and
20
feet
wide．
这个教室长30英尺，宽20英尺。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①It's
generally
acknowledged
that
education
shouldn't
__be
measured__
(measure)
only
by
examination
results．
②Some
villagers
reported
a
huge
snake,
__measuring__
(measure)
over
two
metres
long,
was
found
dead
in
a
nearby
cave．
③The
coat
was
made
__to__
your
measure,
so
it
fitted
you
well．
提能—一句多译。
依我看来，该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。
④In
my
view,
it
is
high
time
that
we
__took/should
take
measures/steps/action__
to
keep
the
air
from
being
polluted．
⑤As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
it's
high
time
for
us
__to
take
measures/steps/action__
to
stop
the
air
from
being
polluted．
3．distance
n．距离；远方；遥远；疏远 v．不介入；与……疏远
词汇拓展
distant
adj．
遥远的；远处的；久远的
用法归纳
(1)in
the
distance
在远方
at
a
distance
隔一段距离；距离稍远
at
a
distance
of．．．在……远的地方
from
a
distance
由远处；从远方
within
walking
distance
在能步行的范围内
(2)keep
sb．at
a
distance
对……冷淡；与……疏远
keep
one's
distance
(from．．．)(与……)保持距离；疏远；避免(与……)亲近
(3)distance
oneself
from
．．．不介入；与……疏远
巧学助记
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①We
spotted
them
waving
to
us
__at__
a
distance
of
two
hundred
yards．
②We
often
walk
to
the
beach,
which
is
__within__
walking
distance
of
my
house．
③It
was
difficult
to
get
along
well
with
her
because
she
always
kept
everyone
__at__
a
distance．
④Do
you
know
__what__
the
distance
from
Beijing
to
Shanghai
is?
⑤(牛津高阶)She
was
warned
to
keep
her
distance
__from__
Charles
if
she
didn't
want
to
get
hurt．
提能—熟词生义。
⑥Tom
was
cold
and
distant
and
we
didn't
like
him．
__冷淡的__
提能—单句写作。
⑦(2018·浙江卷写作)Much
to
our
delight,
the
sound
of
water
__in
the
distance__
caught
our
attention
and
drove
us
to
the
river
bank．
令我们高兴的是，远处的水声吸引了我们的注意，把我们引到了河边。
4．impress
vt．给留下印象；使铭记
词汇拓展
impression
n．印象
impressive
adj．给人深刻印象的
用法归纳
(1)
使某人牢记某事
(2)be
impressed
by/at/with．．．对……印象深刻
be
impressed
on
one's
mind/memory被印在脑海里
(3)have/leave
a(n)．．．
impression
on
sb．给某人留下……的印象
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(天津卷书面表达)What
__impresses__
(impress)
us
most
are
your
art
skills,
in
which
you
showed
outstanding
talent．
②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)You
will
surely
__be
impressed__
(impress)
with
those
beautiful
paper-cutting
art
works．
③Their
Chinese
peers
in
the
typical
Chinese
dress
would
be
highly
__impressive__
(impress)．
提能—一句多译。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我坚信今年的音乐节会给你留下深刻的印象。
④I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
this
year's
music
festival
will
__impress
you
deeply__．(impress)
⑤I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
you
will
__be
deeply
impressed
with__
this
year's
music
festival．
(impressed)
⑥I
do
believe
that
this
year's
music
festival
will
surely
__leave
a
deep
impression
on
you__．
(impression)
5．settle
down
定居；平静下来；专心于
归纳拓展
(1)settle
down
to
doing
sth．专心致志于做某事；着手认真做某事
settle
in/into
搬进新居；安顿下来；
适应新的工作环境
settle
a
problem/an
argument解决问题/争议
(2)settlement
n．解决；处理；协议；定居点；殖民地
reach/arrive
at
a
settlement达成协议
settler
n．移民；殖民者
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中settle
down的含义。
①(天津卷)Mr．
and
Mrs．
Brown
would
like
to
see
their
daughter
settle
down,
get
married,
and
have
kids．__定居；安顿下来__
②They
settled
down
to
a
serious
discussion
over
coffee．__着手__
③It
always
takes
the
class
a
while
to
settle
down
at
the
start
of
the
lesson．__安静下来__
夯基—单句语法填空。
④The
teacher
told
the
students
to
settle
__down__
and
study
the
text．
⑤Before
we
settle
down
to
__discussing__
(discuss)
other
things,
I've
a
question
to
ask
you．
⑥We
love
peace
and
hope
that
the
problem
can
__be
settled__
(settle)
in
a
peaceful
way．
⑦(牛津高阶)The
manager
and
the
workers
have
reached
a
__settlement__(settle)
over
new
working
conditions．
提能—单句写作。
⑧My
parents
wish
me
__to
settle
down
and
adapt
to
the
new
environment__
of
my
school
as
soon
as
possible．
父母希望我安定下来，尽快适应学校的新环境。
6．manage
to
do．．．设法做某事
归纳拓展
manage
sb．设法对付某人
manage
sth．经营/管理某事物(如公司或组织)
manage
it能做到
易混辨析
manage
to
do
“设法做成某事”，不定式所表示的动作一定完成了，相当于succeed
in
doing
sth．
try
to
do
“努力做某事”，不定式所表示的动作不一定完成
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I
had
hoped
to
send
Peter
a
gift
to
congratulate
him
on
his
marriage,
but
I
couldn't
manage
__it__．
②I
managed
__to
rent__
(rent)
a
big
enough
house
to
take
in
a
handful
of
people．
＝I
succeeded
in
__renting__
(rent)
a
big
enough
house
to
take
in
a
handful
of
people．
提能—熟词生义。
③Such
a
naughty
boy
is
really
hard
to
manage．
__对付__
提能—单句写作。
④(高考书面表达)It
was
because
of
this
and
my
effort
in
class
__that
I
managed
to
get
the
first
place__
in
the
English
Contest
held
recently
in
our
school．
正因为如此，也正因为我在课堂上的努力，我在我们学校最近举办的英语竞赛中获得了第一名。
7．catch
sight
of看见……；发现……
归纳拓展
lose
sight
of．．．看不见……
lose
one's
sight失明
at
the
sight
of．．．一看见……
at
first
sight乍一见
out
of
sight看不见；在视野外
in/within
sight在视野内
层级训练
夯基—用上述短语完成句子。
①Only
a
short-sighted
man
will
__lose
sight
of__
the
importance
of
education．
只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。
②The
wind
parted
the
smoke
just
enough
for
him
to
__catch
sight
of__
the
village．
风吹散了烟使得他正好能够看见这个村庄。
③(2018·浙江卷)After
a
while
Uncle
Paul
and
his
farm
house
were
__out
of
sight__．
过了一会儿，保罗叔叔和他的农场小屋都看不见了。
④She
couldn't
help
crying
__at
the
sight
of__
her
mother．
一看到母亲，她情不自禁地哭了起来。
⑤They
fell
in
love
__at
first
sight__，and
three
months
later,
they
got
married．
他们一见钟情，三个月之后，他们就结婚了。
8．
It
is
so
wet
there
that
the
trees
are
extremely
tall,
some
measuring
over
90
meters．
那儿湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些树测量起来高达90多米。
本句中的some
measuring
over
90
meters为独立主格结构，相当于and
some
of
them
measure
over
90
meters。
归纳拓展
(1)独立主格结构在语法上是一个独立的短语，而非句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况。
(2)独立主格结构的构成：(with)
＋名词(主格代词)＋现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语。
层级训练
夯基—完成句子。
①Bats
are
surprisingly
long-lived
creatures,
__some
having
a
life
span
of
around
20
years__(有些寿命大约20年)．
②__All
the
factors
considered__(考虑到各种因素),
the
planned
trip
will
have
to
be
called
off．
③__With
so
many
difficult
problems
to
settle/solve__(有许多棘手的问题要解决),
the
newly-elected
president
is
having
a
hard
time．
④__The
weather
being
hot(＝It
being
hot)__(因天气炎热),
they
decided
to
go
out
for
a
swim．
9．It's
too
bad
you
can't
go
as
far
as
Ottawa,
Canada's
capital．
很可惜，你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。
归纳拓展
as
far
as意为“远至……；就……而言；尽……所能”。与此相关的句型有：
as
far
as
sb．/sth．
is
concerned就某人/物而言
as
far
as
the
eye
can
see/reach就视力所能及
as
far
as
I
can
see/tell依我看/说
as
far
as
I
know据我所知
as
far
as
it
goes
在一定程度上(通常指不足)
层级训练
夯基—完成句子。
①Standing
here,
you
can
see
__as
far
as__
the
foot
of
the
hill．
站在这里，你可以一直看到山脚下。
②His
parents
supported
him
__as
far
as__
they
could．
他父母竭尽全力支持他。
③__As
far
as
I
know__，it
is
convenient
to
do
shopping
in
that
small
town．
据我所知，在那个小镇购物很方便。
提能—单句写作。
④(江西高考书面表达)就我个人而言，户外运动不仅能使我们接近大自然，而且能让我们从沉重的学习任务中摆脱出来得以放松。
__As
far
as
I
am
concerned/As
far
as
I
can
see__，not
only
does
outdoor
exercise
__get
us
close
to
nature__
but
also
gives
us
relaxation
from
heavy
schoolwork．
10．Rather
than
take
the
aeroplane
all
the
way,
they
decided
to
fly
to
Vancouver
and
then
take
the
train
from
west
to
east
across
Canada．
她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。
归纳拓展
(1)rather
than而不是，连接平行结构
(2)other
than不同于；除了
or
rather更确切地说
more
than多于；不仅仅；非常
(3)
名师点津
(1)rather
than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather
than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
You
rather
than
I
are
going
to
go
camping．
是你而不是我要去野营。
(2)would
rather＋从句，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，一般过去时表示对现在或将来的愿望；过去完成时表示对过去的愿望。
I
would
rather
you
didn't
do
anything
for
the
time
being．
我宁愿你暂时先不要采取什么措施。
层级训练
夯基—用than的相关短语填空。
①(重庆卷书面表达)It
is
the
time
and
energy
we
spend
on
the
present
that
makes
it
valuable
__rather
than__
the
price
we
pay．
②As
a
matter
of
fact,
I
don't
know
any
French
people
__other
than__
you．
③(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I'm
__more
than__
delighted
to
inform
you
that
this
year's
music
festival
will
be
held
shortly．
提能—一句多译
如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。
④If
I
had
to
give
up
one
of
them,
I
__would
turn
off
the
TV
rather
than
switch
off__
my
cell
phone．
(would
do
sth．
rather
than
do
sth．)
⑤If
I
had
to
give
up
one
of
them,
I
__would
rather
turn
off
the
TV
than
switch
off__
my
cell
phone．(would
rather
do
sth．
than
do
sth．)
⑥If
I
had
to
give
up
one
of
them,
I
__prefer
to
turn
off
the
TV
rather
than
switch
off__
my
cell
phone．(prefer)
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．My
first
__impression__(impress)
of
him
was
that
he
was
a
kind
and
thoughtful
young
man．
解析：考查名词。句意：我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良且有思想的年轻人。在形容词性的物主代词my之后，故填impression。
2．He
heard
someone
following
him，and
glanced
round．He
caught
sight
__of__
a
dark
figure
in
the
shadows．
解析：考查介词。句意：他听到有人在跟踪他，便向周围扫了一眼，发现阴暗处有一个黑影。catch
sight
of
“看见；瞥见”，符合句意。故填介词of。
3．The
equipment
for
disabled
people
should
be
__within__
easy
reach
in
public
places．
解析：考查介词短语。句意：在公共场所，残疾人使用的设施应该方便残疾人。由句意可知，填within，within
easy
reach“在附近(距离不远)”。
4．Scientists
have
found
evidence
__that__
global
warming
caused
the
world's
first
horses
to
become
smaller
nearly
50
million
years
ago．
解析：考查同位语从句。句意：科学家们已经找到证据，证明大约5
000万年前，全球变暖使世界上首批马的个头变小了。根据句意可知，空后说的是evidence的内容，并且句中不缺少成分，所以用that引导同位语从句。
5．—When
did
you
get
home
last
night?
—It
was
almost
midnight
__when__
we
arrived
home．
解析：考查状语从句。句意：——你们昨晚什么时候到家的？——我们到家的时候差不多是午夜了。答语中“It
was
almost
midnight”为主句，空处引导时间状语从句，应用连词when。此题容易误填that，误把答语当作强调句型。如果是强调句型，应是：It
was
at
midnight
that
we
arrived
home．。
6．—Have
you
finished
the
report?
—Oh,
sorry．It
was
so
noisy
in
the
office
that
I
couldn't
settle
__down__
to
writing
anything．
解析：考查动词短语。答语句意：哦，抱歉。办公室里太吵了以至于我都静不下心来写东西。settle
down意为“平静下来；专心于”。故填down。
7．(2020·新高考卷)In
the
18th
and
19th
centuries,
__wealthy__
(wealth)
people
travelled
and
collected
plants,
historical
objects
and
works
of
art．
解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作定语修饰名词people。故填wealthy。
8．Most
people
would
agree
that
nuclear
science
should
be
developed
to
benefit
the
human
beings
__rather__
than
harm
them．
解析：考查固定短语。句意：绝大多数人同意核科技发展应该造福人类而非危害人类。rather
than表示“而不是；而非”之意。故填rather。
9．—Our
journey
cost
a
lot
of
money．
—Really?
Well，that
doesn't
matter
__so/as__
long
as
you
enjoyed
yourselves．
解析：考查引导状语从句的连词。句意：——我们的旅行花了很多钱。——真的吗？不过没关系，只要你们玩得愉快。as/so
long
as“只要”。故填so/as。
10．A
company__whose__
profits
from
home
markets
are
declining
may
seek
opportunities
abroad．
解析：考查定语从句。句意：一家在国内市场利润下降的公司可能会去国外谋求机会。分析题意和句子结构可知，主句中a
company是主语，may
seek是谓语，opportunities是宾语，而所填词要引导一个定语从句，该从句中profits是主语，are
declining是谓语，profits前缺少定语，而且profits与先行词构成所属关系，故用whose引导定语从句，同时whose在从句中作profits的定语，符合题意和结构要求。
11．It
was
not
until
secondary
schools
that
Americans
generally
begin
to
teach
foreign
languages．
解析：考查强调句。强调含有not．．．until．．．的句子用it
is/was
not
until．．．that．．．结构，故填that。
12．The
musician
had
a
gift
for
music
when
he
was
a
child．
解析：考查介词。句意：这位音乐家孩子时就有音乐天赋。have
a
gift
for“对……有天赋”，为固定短语，故填for。
13．There's
a
tradition
in
our
office
__that__
when
it's
somebody's
birthday,
they
bring
in
a
cake
for
us
all
to
share．
解析：考查同位语从句。句意：我们办公室有一个惯例，当有人过生日时，他们要带来一个蛋糕供我们大家分享。空格处填从属连词that引导同位语从句，说明tradition的内容。
14．Your
house
is
always
so
neat—how
do
you
manage
__it__
with
three
children?
解析：考查固定短语。句意：你的房子总是如此整洁。在有三个孩子的情况下你是如何做到这一点的？manage
it可以表示“有能力做到，能应付”。故填it。
15．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They
also
shared
with
us
many
__traditional__
(tradition)
stories
about
Hawaii
that
were
__hugely__
(huge)
popular
with
tourists．
解析：第一空考查词形转换。修饰名词stories应用形容词；第二空考查副词，修饰形容词popular应用副词。故填traditional；hugely。
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．I
always
prefer
to
start
early,
rather
than
leaving
everything
to
the
last
minute．
__leaving→leave__
2．I
still
find
it
terrified
to
find
myself
surrounded
by
large
numbers
of
horses．
__terrified→terrifying__
3．We
couldn't
decide
whether
to
go
to
eastward
or
westward．
__去掉go后面的to__
4．The
harbour
was
full
of
soldiers
with
baggages．
__baggages→baggage__
5．The
Great
Wall
is
one
of
the
most
impressive
tourist
destination,
attracting
tens
of
thousands
of
visitors
from
home
and
abroad
every
year．
__destination→destinations__
6．Canada
is
second
largest
country
in
the
world
and
as
you
go
eastwards,
you
will
see
mountains．
__second前加the__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．那些漂亮的剪纸艺术作品一定会给你留下深刻的印象。
(1)__You
will
surely
be
impressed
with
those
beautiful
paper-cutting
art
works．__(be
impressed
with)
(2)__Those
beautiful
paper-cutting
art
works
will
surely
impress
you．__(impress
vt．)
(3)__Those
beautiful
paper-cutting
art
works
will
surely
leave
an
impression
on
you．__(impression
n．)
2．小时候，在黑暗中睡觉让我害怕。(terrify)
__When
I
was
young，going
to
sleep
in
the
dark
terrified
me．__
3．他善于交流，所以在工作中他和各种人打交道都应付自如。(have
a
gift
for;
mix；manage)
__He
has
a
gift
for
communicating，so
he
manages
to
mix
all
kinds
of
people
in
his
job．__
4．据我所知，距离汽车站不到一百米就有一个银行。(as
far
as；within)
__As
far
as
I
know，there
is
a
bank
within
a
hundred
metres
of
the
bus
stop．__
5．我总是愿意早开始，而不愿意把所有的事情都留到最后才做。(prefer；rather
than)
__I
always
prefer
to
start
early
rather
than
leave
everything
to
the
last
minute．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Li
Daiyu
and
her
cousin
Liu
Qian
were
on
a
trip
to
Canada
to
visit
their
cousins
on
the
Atlantic
coast．
Rather
than
__1．take__(take)
the
aeroplane
all
the
way,
they
took
the
train
from
west
to
east
across
Canada．
The
thought
that
they
could
cross
__2．the__
whole
continent
was
exciting．
Canada
is
the
second
__3．largest__(large)
country
in
the
world．
People
say
Vancouver
is
Canada's
most
beautiful
city
__4．surrounded__(surround)
by
mountains
and
the
Pacific
Ocean．
On
the
northern
coast
of
Vancouver,
it
is
__5．so__
wet
there
that
the
trees
are
__6．extremely__(extreme)
tall,
some
__7．measuring__
(measure)
over
90
metres．
That
afternoon
aboard
the
train,
the
cousins
settled
__8．down__
in
their
seats．
They
managed
to
catch
sight
of
some
mountain
goats
and
even
a
grizzly
bear
and
an
eagle．
They
had
learned
that
most
Canadians
live
within
320
kilometers
of
the
USA
border
__9．and__
the
population
is
only
__10．slightly__(slight)
over
thirty
million．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假如你是李华，曾在加拿大留学，你的朋友李明想去加拿大留学，请你写信告诉他关于加拿大的情况。
地理概况
世界第二大国，面积约为998万平方千米，是世界上湖泊和淡水最多的国家
气候条件
地区差异大，比较冷，冬季长
建议城市
建议选择去温哥华留学，温哥华是加拿大最美、最温暖的城市，被大山和太平洋包围，风景美，学费(tuition)低
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①得知你要去加拿大留学我很高兴，我想告诉你加拿大的有关情况。
__I
am
pleased
to
learn
that
you
are
going
to
study
in
Canada__，so
I'd
like
to
share
with
you
something
about
it．
②加拿大是世界第二大国，占地面积约为998万平方千米。
__Canada
is
the
world's
second
largest
country__with
an
area
of
about
9．98
million
square
kilometres．
③它是世界上湖泊和淡水最多的国家。
It
has
the
largest
number
of
lakes
and
they
provide
Canada
with
__more
fresh
water
than
any
other
country
in
the
world__．
④尽管气候地区差异大，但是比较冷，冬季长。(同位语从句)
Despite
the
fact
__that
the
climate
there
is
different
from
area
to
area
__，it
is
generally
cold
with
long
winters．
⑤我建议你选择去温哥华留学，那里风景优美，学费较低。
I
suggest
that
you
choose
to
study
in
Vancouver,
where
__the
scenery
is
impressive
and
the
tuition
is
lower__．
⑥温哥华被大山和太平洋包围，是加拿大最温暖的城市。
Vancouver，__surrounded
by
mountains
and
the
Pacific
Ocean
__
,
is
Canada's
warmest
city．
?升级平淡句
1．利用分词作状语升级句①
__Pleased
to
learn
that
you
are
going
to
study
in
Canada，I'd
like
to
share
with
you
something
about
it．__
2．利用定语从句升级句③
__It
has
the
largest
number
of
lakes
which
provide
Canada
with
more
fresh
water
than
any
other
country
in
the
world．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：additionally，thus等)
__Dear
Li
Ming，__
__Pleased
to
learn
that
you
are
going
to
study
in
Canada,
I'd
like
to
share
with
you
something
about
it．
Canada
is
the
world's
second
largest
country
with
an
area
of
about
9．
98
million
square
kilometres．
Additionally,
it
has
the
largest
number
of
lakes
which
provide
Canada
with
more
fresh
water
than
any
other
country
in
the
world．
Despite
the
fact
that
the
climate
there
is
different
from
area
to
area,
it
is
generally
cold
with
long
winters．
Thus,
I
suggest
that
you
choose
to
study
in
Vancouver,
where
the
scenery
is
impressive
and
the
tuition
is
lower．
Vancouver,
surrounded
by
mountains
and
the
Pacific
Ocean,
is
Canada's
warmest
city．__
__Yours__，
__Li
Hua__
PAGEUnit
4 Astronomy：the
science
of
the
stars
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__atmosphere__n．大气层；气氛2．__solar__adj．太阳的；日光的3．__thus__adv．因此；于是4．__gravity__n．万有引力；重力5．__climate__n．气候6．__crash__vi．&
vt．碰撞；坠落7．__pull__n．&
vt．拉(力)；拖；牵引力8．__float__vi
&
vt．(使)浮动；(使)漂浮
n．漂浮物9．__system__n．系统；体系；制度10．__theory__n．学说；理论
1．Accustomed
to
the__
climate__
(气候)
in
the
countryside,
the
old
couple
prefer
not
to
move
to
the
city．2．The
meeting
was
held
in
a
lively
__atmosphere__
(气氛)where
everybody
felt
free
to
share
his
ideas．3．He
found
something
__floating__
(float)
on
the
lake,
which
frightened
him．4．The
old
scientist
told
his
students
that
scientific
__theories__(theory)
must
be
based
on
facts．5．My
uncle's
car
caught
fire
by
the
road．
Fortunately,
he
was
__pulled__
(pull)
out
of
the
car
by
a
passer-by．6．A
truck
went
out
of
control
and
__crashed__
(crash)
into
the
back
of
a
bus．
拓展单词
1．__astronomy__
n．天文学→__astronomer__
n．天文学家2．__violent__
adj．猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→__violence__
n．
暴力；猛烈3．__religion__
n．
宗教；宗教信仰→__religious__
adj．宗教的4．__globe__
n．
球体；地球仪→global
adj．全球的5．harmful
adj．有害的→harm
n．&
vt．损伤；伤害→harmless
adj．
无害的6．__biology__
n．
生物学；生物→__biologist__
n．生物学家7．__gentle__
adj．
温和的；文雅的→__gently__
adv．温柔地；文雅地8．__puzzle__
n．谜；难题v．(使)迷惑；(使)为难→__puzzling__
adj．令人迷惑的→__puzzled__
adj．困惑的；迷惑不解的9．__exist__
vi．存生；生存→existing
adj．目前的；现存的→existence
n．存在；生存
1．There
was
a
__puzzled__
look
on
the
little
girl's
face
because
a
__puzzling__
problem
__puzzled__
her．
(puzzle)2．Last
night
we
had
a
discussion,
which
became
more
and
more
__violent__．
Finally
we
reached
an
agreement
that
we
will
never
use
__violence__
whatever
happens．
(violent)
3．Playing
computer
games
will
not
only
do
__harm__
to
your
physical
health,
but
it
is
also
__harmful__
to
your
mental
health．
So
there
is
no
__harm__
in
advising
you
to
give
it
up．(harm)4．He
often
says
that
he
doesn't
believe
in
any
__religion__
but
meanwhile
he
respects
others'
__religious__
freedom．
(religion)
5．Since
my
younger
brother
is
fond
of
__biology__，he
is
determined
to
become
a
__biologist__
when
he
grows
up．
(biology)．6．There
__exist__
two
different
theories
about
how
the
universe
first
came
into
__existence__．(exist)7．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As
the
small
boat
moved
__gently__
(gentle)
along
the
river
he
was
left
speechless
by
the
mountains
being
silently
reflected
in
the
water．
联想积累：
1．以字母le或ue结尾的形容词变副词去掉e再加-y或ly
①gentle→gently
温和地
②possible→possibly
可能地
③comfortable→comfortably
舒服地
④true→truly
真实地
⑤terrible→terribly
可怕地
⑥simple→simply
简单地
2．后缀-ist名词荟萃
①physicist
物理学家
②biologist
生物学家
③psychologist
心理学家
④scientist
科学家
⑤tourist
游客
3．以-ful结尾的形容词
①harmful
有害的
②useful
有用的
③helpful
有帮助的
④powerful
强大的
⑤careful
小心的
⑥faithful
忠实的
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__in
time__及时；终于
2．__lay
eggs__下蛋
3．__give
birth
to__产生；分娩
4．__in
one's
turn__轮到某人；接着
5．__watch
out
for__密切注意；当心；提防
6．__cheer
up__感到高兴；感到振奋
7．__depend
on__依靠；取决于
8．__break
out__
突发；爆发
9．__prevent．．．from__阻止；制止
10．__block
out__挡住(光线)
11．__get
the
hang
of__熟悉；掌握；理解
12．__now
that__既然
语境运用
1．With
the
song
going
on,
I
__cheered
up__
and
regained
my
confidence
gradually．
2．I
warned
him
to
__watch
out
for__
the
dog
when
he
came
into
my
house．
3．Mrs．
Brown
pulled
down
the
curtains
in
her
bedroom
to
__block
out__
the
strong
sunlight．
4．My
sister
__gave
birth
to__
a
healthy
baby
last
night,
which
made
all
my
family
very
happy．
5．At
last
the
firefighters
put
out
the
fire
in
the
supermarket,
which
__broke
out__
at
ten
this
morning．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．This
produced
a
chain
reaction,
which
made
it
possible
for
life
to
develop．这就产生了一系列的反应，使生命的发展成为可能。
句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式复合结构for
life
to
develop。
1．(全国Ⅲ阅读)Bradford说城市里的现代大剧院使Plaza这一个小剧院难以与之抗衡。Bradford
said
that
large
modern
theaters
in
the
city
__made
it
impossible
for
the
Plaza
to
compete__．
2．I
found
I
was
carried
twice
as
far
as
on
the
earth
and
fell
over．我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
“．．．倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as．．．”是倍数表达法之一，意为“……是……的多少倍”。
2．我付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力。I
devoted
__three
times
as
much
time
and
energy
as__
I
did
before．
3．“Oh，dear，”
I
cried,
“walking
does
need
a
bit
of
practice
now
that
gravity
has
changed．”“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”
now
that“既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)既然你已经列出了自己的优点，那就列出你的不完美吧。Now_that_you've_listed_your_strengths，list
your
imperfections．
4．We
watched,
amazed
as
fire
broke
out
on
the
outside
of
the
spaceship
as
the
earth's
gravity
increased．我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。
形容词作伴随状语。
4．(北京卷)师生们观看视频时，他们感动不已。The
students
and
teachers
watched
the
video,
__greatly
touched__．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．harmful
adj．有害的；伤害的
词汇拓展
harm
n．&
vt．
损伤；伤害
harmless
adj．
无害的
用法归纳
(1)be
harmful
to
sb．对某人有害
(2)do/cause
sb．harm
(＝do/cause
harm
to
sb．)
对某人有害
do
more
harm
than
good
弊大于利
There's
(no)
harm
in
(sb．'s
)
doing
sth．(某人)做某事(没)有害处
mean
no
harm
没有恶意
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①As
we
all
know,
a
bad
eating
habit
is
__harmful__(harm)
to
one's
health．
②As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
there
is
no
harm
__in__
making
an
apology
to
him
first．
③(浙江卷)Light
pollution
does
harm
__to__
the
eyesight
of
animals．
提能—一句多译。
有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。
④Some
boys
are
too
crazy
about
playing
games
on
the
computer,
__which
is
very
harmful
to
their
health__．(定语从句；harmful)
⑤Some
boys
are
too
crazy
about
playing
games
on
the
computer,
and
__it
does
great
harm
to
their
health__．(harm)
2．exist
vi．存在；生存；存活；继续存在
词汇拓展
existence
n．
存在；生存
existing
adj．
目前的；现存的
用法归纳
(1)There
exists/existed
．．．某地有……；存在……
exist
on
(live
on)
sth．靠某物生存
exist
by．．．
靠……方式为生
exist
in．．．
存在于……之中
(2)come
into
existence
开始存在；成立
in
existence
现存的；现有的
名师点津
exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①You
can't
imagine
what
difficulty
they
have
__existing__
(exist)
on
the
money
he
is
earning．
②Scientists
have
many
theories
about
how
the
universe
first
came
into
__existence__
(exist)．
③(北京卷书面表达)The
parking
place
for
bikes
was
an
__existing__
(exist)
problem
for
a
long
time
in
our
school．
提能—单句写作。
④As
is
known
to
us,
__there
exists
a
generation
gap
between
the
young
and
the
old__．
众所周知，年轻人和老年人之间存在代沟。
3．puzzle
n．迷；难题 vi．&
vt．(使)迷惑；(使)为难
词汇拓展
puzzling
adj．令人迷惑的
puzzled
adj．迷惑不解的；困惑的
用法归纳
(1)puzzle
about/over
苦苦思索；仔细琢磨
puzzle
sth．out
琢磨出……的答案；开动脑筋
be
puzzled
by．．．
被……迷惑
(2)a
puzzle
to
sb．一件让某人感到困惑的事情
be
in
a
puzzle
感到困惑；不知如何是好
(3)be
puzzled
about．．．
对……迷惑不解
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(牛津高阶)He
was
trying
to
puzzle
__out__
why
he
had
been
brought
to
the
house．
②After
hearing
the
news,
he
had
a
__puzzled__
(puzzle)
look
on
his
face．
③His
last
paintings
are
perhaps
the
most
__puzzling__，which
even
__puzzle__
all
the
artists．(puzzle)
提能—一句多译。
消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。
④__The
cause
of
the
fire
was
a
puzzle
to
the
firemen．__
(puzzle
n．)
⑤__The
firemen
were
puzzled
about
the
cause
of
the
fire．__(puzzled
adj．)
⑥__What
puzzled
the
firemen
was
the
cause
of
the
fire．__(puzzle
v．；主语从句)
4．pull
n．&
vt．拉(力)；托；牵引力
归纳拓展
pull
through
康复；痊愈
pull
down
拉下(窗帘等)；拆毁；拆掉(房屋等)
pull
out
拔出；(列车等)出站；启程
pull
in
(列车等)驶进；到站；(船)靠岸
pull
sb．through
(使)渡过危机(难关)
pull
．．．up
把……往上拽；停止
pull
over
(机动车辆等)停靠(在路边)
pull
off脱下；赢得；努力实现
巧学助记
层级训练
夯基—完成句子。
①(全国卷Ⅰ)Larry
__pulled
over__，set
the
brake
and
got
hold
of
the
fire
extinguisher(灭火器)．
拉里停下车，将车设为制动状态并抓起灭火器。
②(江苏高考)I
now
regularly__
pulled
out__
my
phone
to
check
a
fact,
watch
a
video,
read
weibo．
现在我会定期拿出手机核查事实，看录像及读微博。
③He
__pulled
off__
his
coat
and
joined
us
in
the
work．
他脱去上衣，便和我们一起干了起来。
④The
police
car
signaled
to
us
to
__pull
in__．
警车发出信号，要我们驶向路边停靠。
⑤They
are
__pulling
down__
those
houses
to
make
room
for
a
new
hotel．
为了给新旅馆腾地，他们正在拆除那些房屋。
⑥Everyone
was
very
concerned
whether
he
would
__pull
through__
or
not．
每个人都很关心他是否能痊愈。
5．in
time
及时；终于；总有一天
归纳拓展
on
time
准时
all
the
time
一直；始终
at
one
time
曾经；一度
at
a
time
每次；逐一
at
times
有时；间或
at
all
times
随时；总是
from
time
to
time
有时；偶尔
in
no
time
立刻；马上
at
no
time
绝不
time
and
time
again
一次又一次；一再
take
one's
time
别着急；慢慢来
kill
time消磨时间
名师点津
(1)in
time后可接for
sth．/to
do
sth．的形式，意为“做某事及时/来得及”。
(2)at
no
time等含否定意义的词组位于句首，句子要部分倒装；in
no
time意为“立刻，马上”，无否定意义，置于句首，不引起倒装。
层级训练
夯基—用time的相关短语填空。
①(全国Ⅲ七选五)Do
you
want
to
get
up
__in
time__
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
get
in
some
exercise,
or
just
be
better
prepared
for
your
day?
②If
you
keep
on,
you
will
succeed
__in
time__．
③We'll
do
up
your
car
__in
no
time__
at
all．
④If
you
can't
arrive
there
__on
time__，you
should
inform
them
of
it
in
advance．
⑤(全国卷Ⅲ)__At
one
time__，I
even
felt
my
parents
couldn't
understand
me
so
I
hoped
I
could
be
free
from
them．
⑥(北京高考)Anxious
__all
the
time__，I
was
unable
to
keep
focused
for
more
than
an
hour
__at
a
time__．
提能—句式升级。
⑦In
my
view,
you
should
at
no
time
lose
heart
whenever
you
are
in
trouble．→In
my
view,
__at
no
time
should
you
lose
heart__
whenever
you
are
in
trouble．(倒装)
6．in
one's
turn
轮到某人；接着
归纳拓展
in
turn依次；轮流；逐个；相应地；转而
by
turns轮流；依次
take
turns
doing/to
do
sth．轮流做……
It's
one's
turn
to
do
sth．轮到某人干某事。
It
turns/turned
out
that．．．结果……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I
think
it's
my
turn
__to
drive__
(drive)
the
kids
to
school
this
week．
②At
the
meeting
they
took
turns
__to
put/putting__(put)
forward
a
number
of
suggestions
aiming
to
promote
the
reform
of
education
system．
③The
two
daughters
looked
after
their
sick
mother
__by__
turns．
提能—单句写作。
④People
try
to
avoid
public
transportation
delays
by
using
their
own
cars,
__which
in
turn
creates
more
problems__．
人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这造成更多的问题。
⑤这位年轻人竟然是这位老人的儿子。
__It
turned
out
that
this
young
man
was
none
other
than
the
old
man's
son．__
7．cheer
up感到高兴；感到振奋
归纳拓展
cheer
sb．up
使某人振作起来
cheer
sb．on
(比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油
cheer
for．．．为……而欢呼
Cheers!
口语，(用于祝酒)干杯！
cheerful
adj．高兴的；快乐的
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Cheer
Mary
__up__，and
things
will
work
out
for
the
best．
②There
were
crowds
of
__cheerful__
(cheer)
fans
there,
many
of
whom
came
from
other
cities．
③Cathy
didn't
expect
any
award
but
was
still
there
to
cheer
__on__
her
friends．
④__Cheers__
(cheer)!
Congratulations
on
your
success!
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2019·浙江卷，写作)Whenever
I
have
difficulties,
__you
always
cheer
me
up
and
help
me
out__．
每当我遇到困难时，你总是鼓励我振作起来，帮我走出困境。
8．This
produced
a
chain
reaction,
which
made
it
possible
for
life
to
develop
．
这就产生了一系列的反应，使生命的发展成为可能。
这是“make
it＋形容词/名词＋(for
sb．/sth．)
to
do
sth．”句型。该句型中it为形式宾语，指代后面的不定式结构，形容词或名词为宾语补足语。
归纳拓展
(1)make＋it＋adj．/n．＋that从句
(2)make＋it＋adj．/n．＋(for
sb．/sth．)
to
do不定式
(3)make＋it＋no
good/no
use．．．＋doing
sth．
常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider,
find,
feel等
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I
think
it
great
fun
__to
learn__
(learn)
the
poems
written
in
the
Tang
Dynasty
with
you．
②She
made
it
clear
to
me
__that__
she
wished
to
make
a
new
life
for
herself．
③I
consider
it
no
use
__quarrelling__
(quarrel)
with
him
about
it．
提能—单句写作。
④(2018·全国卷书面表达)The
newly-built
stadium
is
large
enough,
__which
makes
it
possible
for
us
to
take
part
in
various
activities__．
新建的体育馆足够大，这使我们有可能参加各种各样的活动。
9．But
when
I
tried
to
step
forward,
I
found
I
was
carried
twice
as
far
as
on
the
earth
and
fell
over．
而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
本句中的twice
as
．．．as
．．．表示“是……的几倍”，该句型中的twice也可用half,
one-third等词，表示“是……的一半/几分之几”。
归纳拓展
倍数的表达方法：
(1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj．/adv．原级＋as
B
(2)A＋be＋倍数＋adj．/adv．比较级＋than
B
(3)A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length．．．)＋of
B
(4)A＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”。
温馨提示
(1)在“倍数＋the＋名词＋of”结构中，常用的名词有size,
height,
weight,
length,
width等。
(2)两倍用twice或double，不到一倍用分数表示，三倍或三倍以上一般用times来表示，如three
times,
four
times等。
层级训练
夯基—完成句子。
①The
new
stadium
built
for
the
2022
Beijing
&
Zhangjiakou
Winter
Olympics
will
be
__three
times
as
big
as__
the
present
one．
为2022年北京&张家口冬季奥运会建设的新体育场将是现在的三倍大。
②(北京卷)Paper
produced
every
year
is
__three
times
the
weight
of__
the
world's
production
of
vehicles．
每年生产的纸张是全世界汽车生产重量的三倍。
③The
price
of
the
coat
is
__three
times
what
I
have
paid
for
mine__．
(what)
这件外套的价格是我的外套价格的三倍。
提能—一句多译。
正在修建的教学楼是那个教学楼的三倍高。
④The
teaching
building
being
built
now
__is
three
times
as
high
as__
that
one．
⑤The
teaching
building
being
built
now
__is
three
times
higher
than__
that
one．
⑥The
teaching
building
being
built
now
__is
three
times
the
height
of__
that
one．
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．It
is
obvious
__what__
the
local
government
can
do
to
protect
the
environment
for
future
generations．
解析：考查主语从句的引导词。句意：为了子孙后代，当地政府在保护环境方面所能做的事情是显而易见的。It为形式主语，________
the
local
government
can
do
to
protect
the
environment
for
future
generations是真正的主语，该主语从句缺少宾语，且表示物，故填what。
2．New
technologies
have
made
__it__
possible
to
turn
out
new
products
faster
and
at
a
lower
cost．
解析：考查固定句型。此为make＋it＋adj．＋to
do句型，其中it作形式宾语。to
turn
out．．．是真正宾语。故填it。
3．All
possible
means
__have
been
taken__(take)
to
prevent
the
river
__being
polluted__(pollute)．
解析：考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。means单复数同形，有all修饰且与take是被动关系，故用have
been
taken
to
prevent．．．(from)doing．．．“阻止……做……”，river与pollute是被动关系，故用being
polluted。
4．If
they
win
the
final
tonight,
the
team
are
going
to
tour
around
the
city
__to
be
cheered__(cheer)
by
their
enthusiastic
supporters．
解析：考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语，根据句意用被动。故填to
be
cheered。
5．The
meeting
was
held
in
a
lively
atmosphere
__where__
everybody
felt
free
to
share
his
ideas．
解析：考查定语从句。从句中缺少地点状语。故填where。
6．During
those
four
years,
he
worked
day
and
night,
thus
__improving__(improve)
his
theory
gradually
until
it
was
complete．
解析：考查非谓语动词。v-ing形式作结果状语。故填improving。
7．Those
reports
included
one
case,
__where/in
which__
a
fire
broke
out
and
destroyed
two
cars，although
there
were
no
injuries．
解析：考查非限制性定语从句。从句中缺少地点状语。故填where/in
which。
8．I
suppose
by
the
time
I
come
back
in
ten
years'
time
all
these
old
houses
will
__have
been
pulled__
(pull)
down．
解析：考查时态和语态。根据by
the
time和in
ten
years'
time可知用将来完成时，再根据句意，用被动。故填have
been
pulled。
9．Sometimes
he
found
__it__very
hard
to
fall
asleep
at
night,
so
he
went
to
see
the
doctor．
解析：考查固定句型。此为find＋it＋adj．＋to
do句型，其中it作形式宾语。to
fall
alseep是真正宾语。故填it。
10．Susan
made
__it__
clear
to
me
that
she
wished
to
make
a
new
life
for
herself．
解析：考查代词的运用。句意：苏珊清楚地跟我表明她希望为自己创造新的生活。分析句子结构可以看出，该句中包含一个that引导的从句，而且根据语境可知，that从句的内容就是苏珊向我表明的事情，所以后置的that从句实际上是made的真正宾语，故用形式宾语it指代that从句。
11．The
manager
wants
to
see
changes
in
the
company,
and
I
am
sure
he
will
__in__
time．
解析：考查介词短语。句意：经理想要看到公司的改变，我确信他迟早会看到的。in
time“及时；最后，迟早”，符合题意。故填in。
12．It
remains
to
be
seen
__whether__
the
newly
formed
committee's
policy
can
be
put
into
practice．
解析：考查名词性从句。句意：那仍然得看新形成的委员会政策能否付诸实践。It在此为形式主语，故seen后为真正的主语从句，又由remains
to
be
seen可知存在不确定的意思，所以用引导主语从句的连词whether(是否)。
13．The
top
leaders
of
the
two
countries
are
holding
talks
in
a
__friendly__(friend)
atmosphere．
解析：考查词性转换。句意：两国高层领导人在友好的氛围中进行谈判。修饰名词atmosphere，故填形容词friendly。
14．—Thank
God
you're
safe!
—I
stepped
back,
just
in
time
__to
avoid__(avoid)
the
racing
car．
解析：考查不定式在固定结构中的运用。答语句意：我退后了一步，正好避开了奔跑的汽车。in
time
to
do
sth．“正赶上做某事”。故填to
avoid。
15．It's
said
that
the
power
plant
is
now
twice
__as__
large
as
what
it
was．
解析：考查倍数的表达法。句意：据说这个发电厂现在是过去的两倍大。“倍数＋as．．．as”是倍数的表达法，意为“是……的几倍”，其中as．．．as之间要用原级。故填as。
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．Wandering
in
the
countryside,
I
could
feel
the
wind
gentle
blowing
through
my
hair．
__gentle→gently__
2．The
twin
brothers
stood
under
the
tree,
puzzling
and
saying
nothing．
__puzzling→puzzled__
3．She
has
got
into
the
bad
habit
of
reading
in
the
bed,
which
is
harmful
for
her
eyes．
__for→to__
4．Even
though
he
is
a
little
boy,
strange
ideas
always
exists
in
his
mind．
__exists→exist__
5．We
recognized
the
possibility
and
took
steps
to
prevent
it
happened．
__happened→happening__
6．The
sun
heats
the
earth,
which
makes
possible
for
plants
to
grow．
__makes后加it__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．既然我们已经完成了设计，就该由公司来进行建设了。(now
that；in
one's
turn)
__Now
that
we
have
finished
the
design，the
company，in
its
turn，will
do
the
construction．__
2．火灾没有造成太大损失，因为消防人员及时赶到了。(in
time)
__The
fire
did
not
cause
too
much
damage，because
the
firefighters
arrived
in
time．__
3．大部分证据都被毁了。因此，不可能证明这种药物是有害的。(harmful；thus)
__Most
of
the
evidence
is
destroyed．
Thus，it's
impossible
to
prove
that
the
drug
is
harmful．__
4．我记得我向你清楚地表示过我不会来。(make＋宾语＋宾补)
__I
remember
I
made
it
quite
clear
to
you
that
I
was
not
coming．__
5．李红的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。(as．．．as)
__Li
Hong's
mobile
phone
looked
just
the
same
as
Zhang
Hua's，but
it
cost
twice
as
much
as
his．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
No
one
__1．knows__
(know)
exactly
how
the
earth
began．
According
to
a
__2．widely__(wide)
accepted
theory,
the
universe
began
with
a
“Big
Bang”．
The
earth
__3．exploded__
(explode)
loudly
and
produced
water
vapour
and
other
__4．gases__
(gas)
making
the
earth's
atmosphere．
As
the
earth
cooled
down,
water
appeared
and
stayed
__5．on__the
surface．
It
was
the
presence
of
water
that
allowed
the
earth
to
dissolve
harmful
gases
and
acids
into
the
oceans
and
seas,
which
made
__6．it__
possible
for
life
to
develop．
First,
the
appearance
of
small
plants
encouraged
the
later
development
of
early
shellfish
and
all
sorts
of
fish．
Next,
green
plants
began
to
grow
on
land,
__7．followed__
(follow)
by
land
animals．
So
reptiles
appeared
for
the
first
time．
Later,
dinosaurs
developed．
However,
they
suddenly
disappeared．
After
that,
mammals
came
into
being．
Finally,
humans
__8．appeared__
(appear)
and
spread
all
over
the
earth．
However,
they
are
putting
too
much
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere,
__9．making__(make)
the
earth
too
hot
to
live
on．
So,
__10．whether__
life
will
continue
on
the
earth
for
millions
of
years
to
come
will
depend
on
whether
this
problem
can
be
solved．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假如你是李华，你爱好太空探险但是却得不到父母理解，于是你给英国朋友Stephen发电子邮件进行交流并请求帮助。要点如下：①父母的意见；②你的观点。(至少写2点)
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①我和父母之间存在一个问题，使我不能专心学习。
__There
exists
a
problem__
between
my
parents
and
me，and
that
__has
made
it
impossible
for
me
to
concentrate
on
my
study__．
②我对太空探险很痴迷，因此我业余时间经常去图书馆，在那里我掌握了许多与太空探索有关的材料。
I
am
so
crazy
about
space
exploration
that
in
my
spare
time
I
often
go
to
the
library,
__where
I
have
got
the
hang
of
much
about
space
exploration__．
③这使我的父母很生气，因为他们认为我的爱好对我的学习有害。
This
makes
my
parents
very
angry
because
they
think
__my
hobby
is
harmful
to
my
study__．
④使我沮丧的是，他们总是阻止我去图书馆，并督促我用两倍多的时间学习。(主语从句)
__What
upsets
me
is
that
they
always
prevent
me
from
going
to
the
library__
and
urge
me
to
__spend
twice
more
time
on__
my
lessons．
⑤依我看，良好的爱好不仅对全面发展有益，而且有助于我日后的成功。
In
my
view,
not
only
are
healthy
hobbies
beneficial
to
my
overall
development
but
can
also
__contribute
to
my
success
in
time__．
⑥既然你处理过类似的情况，我想知道你是否能给我一些建议。
__Now
that
you
have
dealt
with
such
situation__，I'm
wondering
whether
you
can
offer
me
some
suggestions．
?升级平淡句
按要求升级句①
1．__There
exists
a
problem
between
my
parents
and
me，having
made
it
impossible
for
me
to
concentrate
on
my
study．__(分词作状语)
2．__There
exists
a
problem
between
my
parents
and
me，which
has
made
it
impossible
for
me
to
concentrate
on
my
study．__(非限制性定语从句)
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：actually,
moreover,
however等)
__Dear
Stephen，__
__There
exists
a
problem
between
my
parents
and
me，which
has
made
it
impossible
for
me
to
concentrate
on
my
study．
Actually，I
am
so
crazy
about
space
exploration
that
in
my
spare
time
I
often
go
to
the
library,
where
I
have
got
the
hang
of
much
about
space
exploration．
However,
this
makes
my
parents
very
angry
because
they
think
my
hobby
is
harmful
to
my
study．
Moreover,
what
upsets
me
is
that
they
always
prevent
me
from
going
to
the
library
and
urge
me
to
spend
twice
more
time
on
my
lessons．In
my
view，not
only
are
healthy
hobbies
beneficial
to
my
overall
development
but
can
also
contribute
to
my
success
in
time．
Now
that
you
have
dealt
with
such
situation,
I'm
wondering
whether
you
can
offer
me
some
suggestions．__
__Yours，__
__Li
Hua__
PAGEUnit
3 The
Million
Pound
Bank
Note
必备知识·盘点夯基
,BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__wander__vi．漫游；漫步；漂泊2．__envelope__n．信封
3．__scene__n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色4．__spot__vt．发现；认出n．斑点；污点；地点5．__account__vi．&
vt．认为；说明；总计有n．说明；理由；计算；账目6．__seek__vt．&
vi．寻找；探索；寻求7．__contrary__n．反面；对立面adj．相反的；相违的8．__manner__n．礼貌；举止；方式9．__indeed__adv．真正地；确实；实在10．__stare__vi．凝视；盯着看11．__fault__n．过错；缺点；故障12．__amount__n．数量
1．They
are
__seeking__
(寻找)the
most
reasonable
diet
which
will
do
good
to
their
health．2．My
sister's
taste
in
dresses
is
__contrary__(相反的)
to
my
own．3．He
is
always
finding
__fault__
(过错)
with
me,
which
makes
me
very
sad．4．The
girl
is
__staring__
(stare)
at
the
stranger
with
her
eyes
wide
open．5．So
far,
huge
__amounts__
(amount)
of
money
have
been
spent
on
his
slimming
gym．6．It's
bad
__manners__
(manner)
to
deal
with
such
things
__in__
this
manner．7．John
__was
wandering__
(wander)
in
the
pavement
alone
when
he
saw
a
servant
coming
up
to
him．
拓展单词
1．__novel__n．小说；长篇故事adj．新奇的；异常的→__novelist__n．小说家2．__adventure__
n．奇遇；冒险→__adventurous__
adj．冒险的3．__permit__
vt．&
vi．许可；允许；准许n．通行证；许可证；执照→__permission__
n．许可4．__patience__n．耐性，忍耐→__patient__adj．能忍耐的；有耐心的n．病人，患者→__patiently__
adv．耐心地；有毅力地5．__unbelievable__
adj．难以置信的→__believable__adj．可信的→__belief__n．信念；信仰6．__rude__adj．粗鲁的；无礼的→__rudely__adv．粗鲁地→__rudeness__n．粗鲁
1．I
will
come
after
the
meeting
if
time
__permits__，but
I
should
ask
for
my
headmaster's
__permission__
first．(permit)2．Although
the
patient
was
out
of
__patience__，the
nurse
was
still
__patient__
with
her
work
and
did
it
patiently．
(patience)3．It
was
__rude__
of
you
to
injure
his
pride
last
night，so
you
must
offer
him
an
apology
for
your
__rudeness__．
(rude)4．As
we
all
know,
MoYan,
a
famous
__novelist__，won
Nobel
Literature
Prize
and
wrote
many
excellent
__novels__．
(novel)
联想积累：
1．聚焦“允许”与“禁止”
①permit
v．&
n．允许；许可证
②permission
n．允许；许可
③allow
vt．允许
④forbid
vt．&
n．禁止
⑤ban
vt．&
n．禁止；禁令
⑥prohibit
vt．禁止
⑦admit
vt．允许
2．“金融”术语
①budget
n．预算
②account
n．账目；账户
③capital
n．资金；资本
④withdraw
vt．提取
⑤cheque
n．支票
⑥interest
n．利息
⑦finance
n．财政；金融
3．以字母e结尾的形容词直接加ly变副词荟萃
①rude→rudely
②polite→politely
③wide→widely
④fortunate→fortunately
⑤entire→entirely
⑥extreme→extremely
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__bring
up__抚养；培养；教育；提出
2．__stare
at__凝视；盯着看
3．__account
for__是……的原因；解释；占(数量、比例)
4．__on
the
contrary__与此相反；正相反
5．__go
ahead__前进；(用于祈使句)
可以；往下说；开始做
6．__by
accident__偶然；无意中；不小心
7．__a
large
amount
of__许多；大量
8．__take
a
chance__冒险
9．__in
rags__衣衫褴褛
10．__as
for__关于；至于
11．__from
the
bottom
of
one's
heart__发自内心
12．__make
a
bet__打赌
13．__on
the
scene__在现场
14．__as
a
matter
of
fact__事实上
语境运用
1．__As
a
matter
of
fact__，it's
normal
for
students
to
feel
nervous
or
stressed
out
before
an
important
examination．
2．Success
in
life
doesn't
happen
__by
accident__．
It's
the
result
of
devoting
your
time
and
energy
to
what
you've
set
out
to
do．
3．He
seems
to
be
giving
the
impression
that
he
didn't
enjoy
himself
in
Paris．
__On
the
contrary__，he
had
a
wonderful
time．
4．This
afternoon,
just
as
I
was
doing
my
business,
a
man
dressed
__in
rags__
stepped
into
my
shop
and
begged
me
for
some
money．
5．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)Lighting
__accounts
for__
about
7%
of
the
total
electricity
consumed
in
the
US．
6．According
to
the
report,
__staring
at__
cell
phone
for
long
periods
of
time
will
damage
our
eyesight
gradually．
7．She
did
not
want
her
parents
to
help
her
to
do
it,
so
she
just
__went
ahead__
and
did
it
by
herself．
8．William
__was
brought
up__
by
his
grandparents
and
he
has
a
close
relationship
with
them
now．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．Well,
towards
nightfall
I
found
myself
carried
out
to
sea
by
a
strong
wind．嗯，夜晚来临的时候，我发现自己被一阵强风刮进了海里。
found
myself
carried
out为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
1．我发现自己被一群充满好奇心的孩子围住了。I
__found
myself
surrounded__
by
a
group
of
children
full
of
curiosity．
2．And
it
was
the
ship
that
brought
you
to
England．正是这条船把你带到了英国。
“it
was．．．that．．．”为强调句型。
2．正是感到孤独时我才意识到朋友的重要性。__It
was
when
I
felt
lonely
that__
I
realized
the
importance
of
friends．
3．The
next
morning
I'd
just
about
given
myself
up
for
lost
when
I
was
spotted
by
a
ship．第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
when作并列连词，相当于and
then或and
just
at
that
time。
3．(北京卷)杰克正在实验室工作这时停电了。Jack
__was
working
in
the
lab
when__
the
power
cut
occurred．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．scene
n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色；事发地点
归纳拓展
the
scene
of
the
crime/accident
犯罪/事故现场
behind
the
scenes
暗中；秘密地；幕后
appear/come
on
the
scene
出现；到场；在场
on
the
scene
在现场；当场；在台上
set
the
scene
提供条件；(为……)做好准备
温馨提示
scene有“场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，一般用关系副词where或in
which来引导。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①On
receiving
the
call，the
police
rushed
to
the
scene，__where__a
big
fire
happened．
②(牛津高阶)Firefighters
were
__on__
the
scene
immediately．
提能—单句写作。
③(2018·浙江卷写作)The
colors
of
the
brown
rocks,
the
deep
green
pine
trees,
and
the
late
afternoon
sun
mixed
__to
create
a
magic
scene__
．
棕色的岩石、深绿的松树和傍晚的阳光混合在一起，创造出一种神奇的景色。
2．permit
v．允许；容许；许可 n．许可证；执照；通行证
词汇拓展
permission
n．[U]允许；许可
用法归纳
(1)permit
doing
sth．允许做某事
permit
sb．to
do
sth．允许某人做某事
Time/Weather
permitting
时间/天气允许的话
(2)an
entry
permit
入境证
a
driver's/driving
permit
驾驶执照
(3)with/without
sb．'s
permission
得到允许/未经允许
ask
for
permission
请求允许
名师点津
用法和permit相同(即其后既可以接动名词，又可以接不定式的复合结构)的其他动词还有：encourage,
allow,
advise,
recommend,
forbid等。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(全国卷Ⅱ)The
government
has
already
permitted
the
company
__to
use__(use)
special
materials
to
make
it
easier
for
the
vehicle
to
fly．
②(全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)I
was
the
first
Western
TV
reporter
__permitted__(permit)
to
film
a
special
unit
caring
for
pandas
rescued
from
starvation
in
the
wild．
③(2018·江苏卷)It's
strange
that
he
should
have
taken
the
books
without
the
owner's
__permission__
(permit)．
④The
rules
of
the
school
do
not
permit
__parking__(park)
near
the
school
gate．
提能—熟词生义。
⑤You
must
get
a
permit
if
you
want
to
keep
a
gun．
__许可证__
提能—一句多译。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果时间允许的话，我的确希望你来参加今年的音乐节。
⑥__If
time
permits__，I
do
hope
you
will
attend
this
year's
music
festival．
(条件状语从句)
⑦__Time
permitting__，I
do
hope
you
will
attend
this
year's
music
festival．(独立主语结构)
3．spot
vt．发现；认出；点缀 n．斑点；污点；地点
归纳拓展
(1)on
the
spot(＝on
the
scene)
当场；在现场
put
sb．on
the
spot
使某人尴尬；使某人为难
a
scenic/historic
spot
风景名胜/古迹
(2)be
spotted
with
sth．满是……污点；点缀着
spot
sb．do/doing
sth．发现某人做/正在做某事
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Because
the
moon's
body
blocks
direct
radio
communication
with
a
probe,
China
first
had
to
put
a
satellite
in
orbit
above
the
moon
in
a
spot
__where__
it
could
send
signals
to
the
spacecraft
and
to
Earth．
②(牛津高阶)Neighbours
spotted
smoke
__coming__(come)
out
of
the
house．
③(2019·天津卷)Without
delay,
I
called
to
thank
her．
She
said
she
__spotted__
(spot)
my
wallet
on
a
bus
seat．
④(2017·北京卷)Moreover,
the
scenery
along
the
river
is
amazing,
with
many
well-known
sightseeing
__spots__
(spot)．
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Not
only
will
all
kinds
of
paper-cutting
works
be
on
display,
but
the
craftsmen
will
show
visitors
how
__to
cut
paper
into
different
shapes
on
the
spot__．
不仅将展出各种剪纸作品，工匠们还将现场向参观者展示如何将纸剪成各种形状。
4．account
vt．&
vi．认为；说明；总计有 n．说明；理由；计算；账目；报道
归纳拓展
(1)account
for
说明(原因)；作出(解释)；占(数量、比例)
(2)on
account
of
因为；由于
on
no
account
绝不(位于句首，句子用部分倒装结构)
(3)take
．．．into
account＝take
account
of
．．．
＝take
．．．into
consideration
考虑到……；顾及……
(4)keep
an
account
of
记录；记载
give
an
account
of
报道；叙述；说明
名师点津
“绝不”的其他表达：
(1)in
no
case
(2)by
no
means
(3)at
no
time
(4)in
no
way
(5)under/in
no
circumstances
层级训练
夯基—用account的相关短语完成下列片段。
Darling,
you
said
you
couldn't
understand
why
I
was
so
depressed．Last
month,
I
went
to
the
bank,
ready
①__to
open
a
bank
account__(开一个银行账户)．But
②__taking__
the
low
interests
③__into
account__(考虑到),
I
changed
my
mind．I
bought
a
house
with
the
money
I
had
saved
for
years；however,
④__on
account
of__(由于)
the
new
policy,
the
price
of
the
house
went
down
sharply．That
⑤__accounted
for__(解释)
my
being
so
disappointed．
So
I
decided
that
⑥__on
no
account__(决不)
did
I
buy
anything
that
I
didn't
need．
提能—完成句子。
⑦(2019·天津卷书面表达)I
prefer
western
painting．
There
are
several
reasons
__accounting
for
my
preference__．(解释我的偏爱)
⑧(2019·天津卷)The
professor
warned
the
students
that
on
no
account
__should
they
use
mobile
phones__(他们应该使用手机)in
his
class．
⑨We
had
to
put
off
the
sports
meeting
__on
account
of
the
heavy
rain__
(因为大雨)．
提能—熟词生义。
⑩(2019·北京卷书面表达)I'm
writing
to
give
you
a
full
account
of
my
unforgettable
experience
in
a
farmwork
programme．
__描述；说明__
5．seek
vt．
(sought,
sought)
寻找；探索；寻求
归纳拓展
seek
to
do
sth．(＝try/attempt
to
do
sth．)
试图/企图做某事
seek
for/after．．．寻找/追求……
seek
out挑选；找出
seek
one's
fortune
碰运气；寻找致富之路
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(四川高考)Your
lives
are
busy
enough
doing
homework,
playing
sports,
making
friends,
__seeking__
(seek)
after
your
dreams．
②(牛津高阶)She
managed
to
calm
him
down
and
seek
help
__from__
a
neighbour．
提能—完成句子。
③(江苏高考)Chimps
in
the
wild
__seek
food__
for
themselves．
野生大猩猩为自己寻找食物。
④(江苏高考)They
actively
__seek
to
be__
part
of
a
“we”，
a
group
that
intends
to
work
toward
a
shared
goal．
他们积极地试图成为“我们”——一个为了完成共同的目标而合作的集体中的一员。
⑤The
penniless
man
had
no
choice
but
to
go
abroad
__to
seek
his
fortune__．
这个身无分文的人别无选择只能出国寻找发财的机会。
6．bring
up
抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
归纳拓展
bring
about
引起；带来；产生
bring
down
使倒下；降低；减少
bring
in
引进；赚得；收(庄稼)
bring
back
使记起；归还；恢复
bring．．．back
to
life使……恢复了生机；使……复活
bring
out
揭露；显示；解释；出版
bring
．．．under
control
使……得到控制
bring
．．．to
a
stop
使……停下
bring
．．．to
an
end
使……结束
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中bring
up的含义。
①These
are
matters
that
you
can
bring
up
in
the
committee．__提出__
②We
are
brought
up
to
respect
others．__教育__
③Her
parents
died
when
she
was
a
baby
and
she
was
brought
up
by
her
aunt．
__养育；抚养__
④He
was
so
sick
that
he
brought
up
everything．__呕吐__
提能—完成句子。
⑤He
was
born
and
__brought
up
in
America__(在美国长大)．
⑥The
film
__brought
back
to
me__(使我想起)
the
hours
when
I
was
taken
good
care
of
in
a
faraway
village．
⑦With
the
help
of
the
firefighters,
the
big
forest
fire
__was
brought
under
control__(被控制)．
⑧The
Internet
__has
brought
about
great
changes__(带来巨大变化)
in
the
way
we
work．
提能—用bring短语完成下列片段。
⑨The
plan
he__brought
up__has__brought
down__the
costs
of
production
and__brought
in__a
lot
of
profit，which__brought__the
company__back
to
life__．
他提出的方案降低了生产成本，带来了巨大的利润，从而使公司恢复了生机。
7．take
a
chance
冒险
归纳拓展
take
a
chance(＝take
one's
chance＝take
chances)
冒险；碰运气
by
chance/accident
偶然；碰巧
miss/lose/seize
the
chance
错过/失去/抓住机会
Chances
are
(that)
．．．可能性是……
There
is
no
chance
that
．．．不可能……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①It
is
wrong
of
you
to
take
__a__
chance
while
driving
a
car．
②The
player
is
under
good
treatment
and
the
chances
are
__that__
he
will
recover
from
his
injury
in
time
for
the
next
game．
③What's
more,
I
consider
it
a
good
chance
__to
enjoy__
(enjoy)
the
wonderful
scenery
and
taste
the
delicious
food
here
and
there．
提能—单句写作。
④(2019·北京卷书面表达)I
__grasped
this
opportunity/chance
to
take
an
active
part
in__
the
programme
with
the
theme
“Working
is
most
beautiful．”
我抓住这次机会，积极参加主题为“劳动最美”的实践活动。
8．Indeed,
sir,
I
hope
you'll
come
here
whenever
you
like．
事实上，先生，我希望你随时光临。
本句中的whenever引导让步状语从句，相当于no
matter
when，意为“在任何时候，无论何时”。
归纳拓展
(1)whatever/whoever/whichever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句时相当于no
matter
what/who/which。
(2)however用作连接副词，相当于no
matter
how，引导让步状语从句，意为“不管怎样，无论如何”，从句结构为：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(全国卷Ⅲ)At
last,
I
will
be
on
my
own,
but
I
still
want
to
have
my
parents
to
turn
to
__whenever__
I
need
help．
②(2018·天津卷)The
gold
medal
will
be
awarded
to
__whoever__
wins
the
first
place
in
the
bicycle
race．
③__However__
great
the
difficulties
are,
we
must
complete
the
task
in
time．
提能—单句写作。
④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Our
school
has
a
big
gymnasium,
and
I
will
go
there
for
exercise
__whenever
I
am
available__．
我们学校有一个大的体育馆，无论什么时候我有空就去那儿锻炼。
9．The
next
morning
I'd
just
about
given
myself
up
for
lost
when
I
was
spotted
by
a
ship．
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
此句中的when为并列连词，意为“正在这时(突然)”。
归纳拓展
类似常见的句型：
had
(just)
done．．．when．．．
刚做完……这时……
be
doing
．．．when
．．．正在做……这时……
be
about
to
do
．．．when
．．．正要做……这时……
be
on
the
point
of
doing
．．．when
．．．正要做……这时……
be
on
the
way
to
．．．when
．．．正在……这时……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
单句语法填空。
①(天津卷改编)I
__was
driving__(drive)
down
to
London
when
I
suddenly
found
that
I
was
on
the
wrong
road．
提能—完成句子。
②He
__was
about
to
turn
round
and
leave__(正要转身离开)
when
someone
patted
him
on
the
shoulder．
③We
__were
swimming
in
the
lake__(正在湖中游泳)
when
a
storm
came．
④I
__had
just
started
to
admire
the
painting__
(刚开始欣赏画)
when
the
teacher
said
it
was
time
to
leave
the
museum．
10．Well,
towards
nightfall
I
found
myself
carried
out
to
sea
by
a
strong
wind．
嗯，夜晚来临的时候，我发现自己被一阵强风刮进了海里。
“find
sb．/sth．＋过去分词”结构表示“发现……被……”，过去分词在句中作宾语补足语。
归纳拓展
(1)find＋宾语＋
可用于这种结构的动词还有：see，hear，watch，notice，have等。
(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to
do(it是形式宾语，to
do是真正的宾语，形容词/名词是宾补)
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(牛津高阶)I
suddenly
found
myself
__running__
(run)
down
the
street．
②He
found
his
daughter
__surrounded__
(surround)
by
letters
and
books
and
looking
very
worried．
③A
cook
will
be
immediately
fired
if
he
is
found
__smoking__
(smoke)
in
the
kitchen．
④That's
why
she
often
finds
herself
__helpless__
(help)
when
she
meets
with
some
challenges．
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2019·北京卷书面表达)While
working
in
the
farmyard,
I
__found
it
very
hard
to
work__
in
the
fields
under
a
hot
sun．
当我在农田里干活的时候，我发现在烈日下干农活是很艰辛的。
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．—Jack
can't
concentrate
on
his
lessons
recently．
—Yes,
that
might
account__for__his
low
score
in
the
last
test．
解析：考查固定短语。句意：——最近杰克不集中精力学习。——是的，这可能是他上次考试得分低的原因。account
for．．．“解释，是……的原因”，符合句意。故填for。
2．The
realization
of
the
Chinese
dream
won't
affect
dreams
of
other
countries．__On__
the
contrary,
it
helps
them
realize
their
own
dreams．
解析：考查介词。句意：中国梦的实现不会影响其他国家的梦想，相反地，这会帮助他们实现梦想。由句意可知应填on。on
the
contrary，意为“相反地”。
3．__Whenever__
I
have
to
give
a
speech,
I
get
extremely
nervous
before
I
start．
解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：无论何时我要进行演讲，在开始前我都会极其紧张。根据句意填whenever。
4．(北京卷)Many
airlines
now
allow
passengers
__to
print__(print)
their
boarding
passes
online
to
save
their
valuable
time．
解析：考查allow
sb．
to
do
sth．结构。句意：现在很多航空公司允许乘客在网上打印登机牌以节约他们宝贵的时间。故填to
print。
5．(2020·新高考卷阅读)And
contrary
__to__
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions(份),
it's
the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites
you
really
need
to
avoid．
解析：考查介词。contrary
to“与……相反”。故填to。
6．(全国卷Ⅲ)The
movie
is
set
__in__
a
small
town
where
the
only
movie
theater
is
preparing
to
close
down．
解析：考查介词。句意：这部电影以一个唯一的一座电影剧院准备关闭的小镇为背景。be
set
in．．．“以……为背景”。故填in。
7．“Every
time
you
eat
a
sweet,
drink
green
tea．”
This
is
__what__
my
mother
used
to
tell
me．
解析：考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：“每次你吃甜东西，喝点绿茶。”这是过去妈妈经常对我说的话。分析结构可知，此处考查的是表语从句的引导词。从句缺少tell的一个宾语，用what引导。
8．There
is
much
chance
__that__
Bill
will
recover
from
his
injury
in
time
for
the
race．
解析：考查固定句型。There
is
much
chance
that．．．为常用句型，意为“很有可能……”。that引导的从句说明chance的内容，是同位语从句。故填that。
9．I
found
Jane
__seated__(seat)
at
the
desk,
__doing__(do)
her
homework
carefully．
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现简坐在桌旁认真地做作业。seat为及物动词，用法为be
seated或seat
oneself，所以Jane后可接seated或sitting作宾补；doing
her
homework
carefully是现在分词短语作伴随状语。故填seated；doing。
10．(2020·新高考卷完形)When
he
was
16,
Molai
began
to
notice
something
disturbing
__happening__(happen)
around
his
home．
解析：考查“notice＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。句意：16岁时，莫莱开始注意到他家周围发生着一些令人不安的事情。宾补happen与宾语something表主动关系，故填现在分词happening。
11．There
is
no
greater
pleasure
than
lying
on
my
back
in
the
middle
of
the
grassland，__staring__(stare)
at
the
night
sky．
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：没有什么能比躺在草地中央凝视着夜空让人感到更高兴的事儿了。根据句中的on
my
back可知，lying的动作由“我”发出，而stare的逻辑主语也是“我”，“凝视夜空”的动作由“我”主动发出，故用现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。故填staring。
12．Even
the
best
writers
sometimes
find
themselves
__lost__(lose)
for
words．
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：即使最好的作家有时发现自己无以言辞。be
lost
for
words“说不出话来”。然后结合“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构可知，此处用lost作宾语补足语。
13．Whenever
I
made
mistakes,
the
teacher
pointed
them
out
with
__patience__
(patient)．
解析：考查词性转换。句意：每当我出错时，老师总是耐心地给我指出。with
patience“耐心地”。介词with后用名词，故填patience。
14．Born
into
a
family
with
three
brothers，David
was
brought
__up__
to
value
the
sense
of
sharing．
解析：考查动词短语在具体语境中的应用。句意：生在一个有三个兄弟的家庭里，戴维被教育要珍惜分享意识。bring
up“教育，抚养”。故填up。
15．(江苏卷)Working
with
the
medical
team
in
Africa
has
brought__out__
the
best
in
her
as
a
doctor．
解析：考查动词短语。句意：在非洲与医疗队的合作使她作为一名医生的最佳素质彰显了出来。bring
out“使显现，使表现出”。故填out。
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．When
we
wanted
to
go
through
the
forest,
we
found
ourselves
losing．
__losing→lost__
2．I
had
just
finished
writing
the
novel
then
the
electricity
was
cut
off．
__then→when__
3．The
manager
had
mercy
on
the
children
dressed
in
rag
and
gave
them
some
food．
__rag→rags__
4．He
is
such
a
man
who
is
always
finding
faults
with
other
people．
__faults→fault__
5．Whenever
I
made
mistakes,
the
teacher
pointed
them
out
with
patient．
__patient→patience__
6．When
the
man
was
trying
to
break
into
the
bank,
he
was
caught
by
the
police
in
the
spot．
__in→on__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．事实上，他进入办公室是偶然被保安发现的。(spot;
by
accident)
__As
a
matter
of
fact，he
was
spotted
by
accident
by
the
guard
as
he
entered
the
office．__
2．众所周知，中国是属于第三世界的国家。(It's
well-known
that．．．)
__It's
well-known
that
China
is
a
country
belonging
to
the
third
world．__
3．无论你要做多少工作，你都应该努力睡个好觉。(however)
__You
should
try
to
get
a
good
night's
sleep
however
much
work
you
have
to
do．__
4．昨天她刚写完作业她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。(had
just
done．．．when．．．)
__She
had
just
finished
her
homework
when
her
mother
asked
her
to
practice
playing
the
piano
yesterday．
__
5．我们转过身来时发现小女孩在湖中挣扎，大声呼救。(find＋宾语＋宾补)
__We
turned
around
and
found
the
girl
struggling
in
the
lake，crying
for
help．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Sailing
home,
Henry,
__1．an__
American
businessman,
found
himself
__2．carried__(carry)
out
to
sea
by
a
strong
wind．
When
he
was
just
about
to
give
himself
up,
he
__3．was
spotted__(spot)
by
a
ship
and
so
he
landed
in
London
__4．by__
accident．
Hungry
and
alone,
he
walked
on
the
streets
of
the
city
when
he
was
__5．unexpectedly__(expect)
called
into
a
mansion,
where
two
rich
brothers,
Oliver
and
Roderick,
gave
him
a
letter
and
told
him
not
to
open
it
until
two
o'clock
of
the
day．
Not
__6．knowing__(know)
it
was
a
million
pound
bank
note,
Henry
left
the
mansion
and
went
into
a
cheap
restaurant
to
stuff
his
stomach．
Everybody
was
rude
to
him
because
he
was
in
__7．rags__(rag)
and
looked
depressed．
Then,
to
the
surprise
of
everybody，he
handed
the
owner
a
million
pound
bank
note
to
pay
for
the
meal．
__8．On/Upon__seeing
the
note,
all
the
people
in
the
restaurant
became
polite
and
tried
their
__9．best__(well)
to
please
Henry．
Don't
you
think
it's
__10．the__most
incredible
tale
in
the
world?
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你是李华，准备给你校英文报写一篇短文介绍你最喜欢的小说家。请根据下面提示介绍马克·吐温。内容包括：①马克·吐温是美国19世纪最著名的作家之一，生于密苏里州，当过水手，喜欢写作；②全世界读者都喜欢他的作品。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①至于我最喜欢的小说家，肯定是马克·吐温，他是19世纪美国最著名的作家之一。
__As
for
my
favourite
novelist__，it
must
be
Mark
Twain,
one
of
the
best
known
American
writers
in
the
nineteenth
century．
②由于他在密苏里州被抚养长大，他的很多小说以他童年时期的水上冒险为背景。
Because
__he
was
brought
up__
in
Missouri,
he
__set
many
of
his
novels
in
his
childhood
adventures__
on
the
river．
③长大后，他冒险去赚一大笔钱，结果却做了一段时间水手。
After
he
grew
up,
__he
took
a
chance
to
seek
a
large
amount
of
money__，only
to
end
up
as
a
sailor
for
some
time．
④令人难以置信的是，他发现自己喜欢当水手。
__It
was
unbelievable
that
he
found
himself
liking
being
a
sailor．
__
⑤他这段作为水手的有趣经历是他成为一个成功小说家的原因。
Such
an
interesting
experience
as
a
sailor
__accounted
for
his
success
as
a
novelist
__．
⑥他的小说幽默而生动，这是他和他的小说深受全世界读者喜爱的原因。(表语从句)
His
novels
are
humorous
and
lively,
and
__that
is
why
he
and
his
novels
are
deeply
loved
by
readers
throughout
the
world
__．
?升级平淡句
1．利用非谓语动词作状语升级句②
__Brought
up
in
Missouri，he
set
many
of
his
novels
in
his
childhood
adventures
on
the
river．__
2．利用强调句升级句⑤
__It
was
such
an
interesting
experience
as
a
sailor
that
accounted
for
his
success
as
a
novelist．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如actually,
however等)
__As
for
my
favourite
novelist，it
must
be
Mark
Twain，one
of
the
best
known
American
writers
in
the
nineteenth
century．
Brought
up
in
Missouri，he
set
many
of
his
novels
in
his
childhood
adventures
on
the
river．
After
he
grew
up,
he
took
a
chance
to
seek
a
large
amount
of
money,
only
to
end
up
as
a
sailor
for
some
time．
However,
it
was
unbelievable
that
he
found
himself
liking
being
a
sailor．
Actually，it
was
such
an
interesting
experience
as
a
sailor
that
accounted
for
his
success
as
a
novelist．
His
novels
are
humorous
and
lively,
and
that
is
why
he
and
his
novels
are
deeply
loved
by
readers
throughout
the
world．__
PAGEUnit
2 Healthy
eating
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__diet__
n．日常饮食vi．节食2．__balance__
vt．平衡；权衡n．天平；平衡3．__slim__vi．变细；减肥adj．苗条的；纤细的4．__lie__n．谎话；谎言vi．说谎5．__customer__n．顾客；消费者6．__consult__vt．咨询；请教；商量7．__sigh__vi．叹息；叹气n．叹息；叹息声8．__debt__n．债；债务9．__hostess__n．女主人；女主持人10．__discount__n．折扣11．__digest__
vi．&
vt．消化12．__fry__
vi．&
vt．油煎；油炸
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Cattle-raising
people
in
East
Africa
and
northern
Europe
have
gained
a
mutation
(突变)
that
helps
them
__digest__(消化)
milk
as
adults．2．Many
people
experience
difficulty
in
paying
off
their
__debts__
(债务)．3．Adding
more
fruit
and
vegetables
to
your
daily
__diet__
(饮食)
is
a
wise
decision．4．We
aim
to
offer
good
value
and
service
to
all
our
__customers__
(customer)．5．Not
knowing
how
to
make
a
proper
choice
about
that
thing,
Tom
decided
__to
consult__
(consult)
Mr．
Black．
6．What
worries
the
parents
now
is
that
their
children
like
eating
__fried__
(fry)
foods
very
much．7．His
kind
wife
treated
us
to
a
delicious
dinner
and
we
all
considered
her
to
be
a
super
__hostess__
(host)．8．In
order
to
be
more
charming
and
__slimmer__(slim),
girls
tend
to
go
on
a
diet．
拓展单词
1．__balance__
n．天平；平衡
vt．平衡；权衡→__balanced__
adj．均衡的2．__curiosity__
n．好奇心→__curious__
adj．好奇的→__curiously__adv．好奇地3．__weakness__
n．缺点；虚弱；弱点→__weak__
adj．虚弱的4．__strength__
n．强项；长处；力量→__strengthen__
vt．加强；巩固→__strong__
adj．强壮的；坚强的5．__limit__
vt．限制；限定
n．界限；限度→__limited__adj．有限的→__limitation__
n．范围；限制6．__benefit__n．利益；好处vt．&
vi．有益于；有助于；受益→__beneficial__adj．有益的7．__combine__
vt．&
vi．(使)联合；(使)结合→__combination__n．结合；联合
1．Children
are
always
__curious__about
everything
they
see
and
hear．
They
will
ask
all
kinds
of
questions
__curiously__．To
meet
their
__curiosity__，we'd
better
answer
them
patiently．
(curiosity)2．David
has
a
__strong__
body．
He
has
the
__strength__to
do
this
hard
work．
We
had
better
__strengthen__
the
relationship
between
us．
(strength)3．Everyone
knows
the
__benefit__
of
learning
English
and
if
you
learn
it
well,
it
will
be
__
beneficial__
to
your
future
career．
It
is
reported
that
many
graduates
have
__benefited__from
having
a
good
command
of
English．
(benefit)
4．We
can't
always
__combine__
work
with
pleasure,
and
the
__combination__
is
hard
to
get．
(combine)5．The
natural
resources
we
have
are
__limited__．
Therefore
we
have
no
reason
to
waste
the
precious
resources
without
__limit__．
(limit)
联想积累：
1．不“看”不知道，一“看”真奇妙
①glare
vi．&
n．怒目而视
②stare
vi．&
n．凝视
③glance
vi．&
n．扫视；一瞥
④witness
vt．&
n．目击(者)
⑤observe
vt．&
vi．观察
⑥watch
vt．看
⑦spot
vt．
发现；认出
⑧have
a
look
at看一看
2．与“购物”相关的名词一览
①discount
折扣
②customer
顾客
③consumer
消费者
④supermarket超市
⑤bargain
便宜货
⑥cashier
出纳员
⑦receipt
收据；收条
⑧refund退款
3．en-前缀和-en后缀改变词性
①courage→encourage
v．鼓励
②less→lessen
v．使减少
③danger→endanger
v．使遭危险
④weak→weaken
v．使虚弱
⑤sharp→sharpen
v．使变得锋利
⑥short→shorten
v．缩短
⑦strength→strengthen
vt．加强；巩固
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__lose
weight__体重减轻；减肥
2．__get
away
with__受到从轻发落；
(做坏事)不受惩罚
3．__tell
a
lie__说谎
4．__win．．．back__赢回；重新获得
5．__earn
one's
living__谋生
6．__in
debt__欠债
7．__spy
on__暗中监视；侦查
8．__cut
down__削减；删节；砍倒
9．__before
long__不久以后
10．__put
on
weight__增加体重
11．__glare
at__怒目而视
12．__keep
healthy__保持健康
语境运用
1．We
are
sorry
to
see
that
all
the
trees
on
both
sides
of
the
road
have
been
__cut
down__．
2．You
eat
the
foods
containing
too
much
sugar
and
fat,
which
makes
you
__put
on
weight__
easily．
3．Though
Jenny
is
the
best
student
in
study,
she
shouldn't
get
away
with
__telling
a
lie__．
4．After
years
of
taking
drugs,
he
is
now
heavily
__in
debt__
and
even
has
difficulty
in
affording
a
meal．
5．It
may
be
very
difficult
for
us
to
__win
back__
the
championship,
but
we
will
try
our
best
to
play
the
match．
6．As
a
teacher,
Mr．
Smith
won't
let
his
students
__get
away
with__
cheating
in
the
exam．
7．If
you
want
to
__lose
weight__
,
in
addition
to
doing
sports,
you
must
eat
vegetables
and
fruit
but
less
meat．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．“Nothing
could
be
better，”
he
thought．他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了”。
否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义。
1．(福建卷书面表达)就我个人而言，身体健康最重要。As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
__nothing
is
more
important
than
health__．
2．He
could
not
have
Young
Hui
getting
away
with
telling
people
lies!他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！
can't
have
sb．
doing
sth．用于否定句中表示“不允许某人做某事”。
2．(重庆卷写作)我不允许你反复犯同样的错误。I
__won't
have
you
making
the
same
mistake__
again
and
again．
3．According
to
my
research,
neither
your
restaurant
nor
mine
offers
a
balanced
diet．根据我的研究，你我两家餐馆所提供的都不是平衡膳食。
neither．．．nor．．．意为“既不……也不……”，在句中连接两个并列的成分。
3．(江苏卷写作)我们既不应该接受漫无目的的网上投票，也不能完全否认它。__Neither
should__
we
embrace
on-line
voting
aimlessly
__nor
can__
we
deny
it
completely．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．balance
vt．平衡；权衡 n．平衡；天平
词汇拓展
balanced
adj．
平衡的
用法归纳
(1)balance
A
against
B
权衡/比较A和B
(2)keep
one's
balance
保持平衡
keep
the
balance
of
nature
保持生态平衡
lose
one's
balance(＝be
out
of
balance)失去平衡
keep
a
balance
between．．．and．．．在……和……之间保持平衡
a
sense
of
balance
平衡感
(3)keep/eat
a
balanced
diet
保持饮食平衡
巧学助记
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Before
making
the
final
decision,
you'd
better
balance
the
advantages
__against__
the
disadvantages．
②Keeping
a
__balanced__
(balance)
diet
is
of
great
importance,
especially
for
teens
who
are
growing
up．
夯基—熟词生义。
③I'd
like
to
check
the
balance
in
my
account
please．
__余额；结余__
提能—单句写作。
④(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)It
is
very
important
to
__keep
a
balance
between
study
and
a
social
life__，so
you'd
better
join
the
team．
学习与社会生活保持平衡很重要，因此你最好参加这个队。
2．lie
n．谎言；谎话 vi．说谎；躺；位于；坐落在
归纳拓展
(1)tell
a
lie/lies
to
sb．向某人说谎
a
white
lie
一个善意的谎言
(2)lie
to
sb．向某人说谎
lie
in
在于
lie
in/on/to
位于
易混辨析
lie
说谎
(vi．)
lied
lied
lying
lie
躺；卧(vi．)
lay
lain
lying
lay
放置；产卵(vt．)
laid
laid
laying
巧学助记
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①The
boy
__lied__(lie)
that
he
__lay__(lie)
in
bed
and
__laid__(lay)
a
cock
in
a
box
and
saw
it
__laying__(lay)
an
egg．
提能—完成句子。
②(浙江高考)People
often
think
of
gossipes
as
harmless,
but
__cruel
lies__
can
cause
pain．
人们经常会认为流言不会造成伤害，但恶毒的谎言能导致痛苦。
③(牛津高阶)The
book
__lay
open__
on
his
desk．
那本书摊开放在他的书桌上。
④(全国卷Ⅲ七选五)In
fact,
the
key
to
easy
morning
wake-up
__lies
in__
resetting
your
body
clock．
事实上，易早起的关键在于重设你的生物钟。
⑤You
could
see
from
his
face
that
he
__was
lying
to__
us．
从他的表情你可以看出他在对我们说谎。
3．strength
n．[C]优点；长处；强项；[U]力量；体力
词汇拓展
strengthen
vt．&
vi．加强
strong
adj．强壮的；坚强的
用法归纳
build
up
one's
strength/body强身健体
strengths
and
weaknesses优点和缺点
The
strength
of．．．is
that．．．……的优点是……
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中strength的含义。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)First,
you
need
to
evaluate
yourself,
your
values,
your
strengths,
your
weaknesses,
your
achievements,
your
desires,
etc．
__优点；长处__
②(2018·全国Ⅲ)As
for
me,
I'm
crazy
about
basketball
since
it
has
been
giving
me
strength
to
confront
the
challenges
in
my
life．
__力量__
③I
hope
you
will
find
the
strength
to
start
all
over
again．
__意志力__
夯基—单句语法填空。
④(四川卷书面表达)Summer
makes
me
full
of
energy
and
I
feel
I
have
the
strength
__to
do__
(do)
the
most
difficult
things
in
my
life．
⑤As
a
good
teacher,
you
should
know
your
students'
__strengths__
(strength)
and
weaknesses．
提能—单句写作。
⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)__To
build
up
our
strength__，we
often
hold
all
kinds
of
activities,
such
as
playing
basketball
and
table
tennis．
为了强身健体，我们经常组织各种各样的活动，例如：打篮球、乒乓球等。
4．limit
vt．限制；限定 n．界限；限度
词汇拓展
limited
adj．有限的
limitless
adj．无限的
归纳拓展
(1)limit．．．to．．．将……限定在……范围内
(2)set
a
limit
to．．．限定范围在……
there
is
a/no
limit
to．．．对……是有限/无限的
beyond
the
limit超出限制；范围
(3)be
limited
to．．．受限于……
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①There
is
a
limit
to
one's
life,
but
no
limit
to
__serving__
(serve)
the
people．
②(2019·江苏卷)Misjudgments
on
the
influences
of
new
technology
can
lead
to
a
waste
of
__limited__(limit)
resources．
③Any
driver
found
drinking
__beyond__
the
limit
will
be
charged．
提能—单句写作。
④(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)The
length
of
the
article
should
__be
limited
to__
400
words
or
so．
文章的长度大约限制在400词。
5．consult
v．咨询；请教；商量；查阅；参看
词汇拓展
consultant
n．顾问
用法归纳
consult
a
dictionary查字典
consult
sb．
about
sth．
向某人咨询/请教某事
consult
with
sb．
about/on
sth．就某事与某人商量
名师点津
(1)consult用作“请教；咨询；查阅”解时，多用作及物动词；作“商量”解时，多用作不及物动词，后跟with
sb．，意为“和某人商量”。
(2)关于“查字典”的表达法有：consult
a
dictionary,
refer
to
a
dictionary,
look
up．．．in
a
dictionary等。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I'm
a
34-year-old
man,
married,
live
in
a
nice
house,
and
have
a
successful
career
as
an
educational
__consultant__
(consult)．
②After
consulting
__with__
her
daughter
and
manager,
she
decided
to
take
on
the
part,
on
her
terms．
提能—完成句子。
③If
you
have
any
doubts
about
your
health,
you'd
better
__consult
your
doctor__
at
once．
如果你对自己的健康有任何疑问，最好马上咨询医生。
④You'd
better
__not
consult
a
dictionary__
every
time
you
come
across
a
new
word．
你不要每次遇到生词就查字典。
6．benefit
v．有益于；有助于，受益
n．好处；利益；成效
词汇拓展
beneficial
adj．有益的
用法归纳
(1)benefit
from/by．．．从……中受益
(2)be
of
benefit
to．．．
对……有益
for
one's
benefit
(＝for
the
benefit
of
sb．)
为了某人的利益
(3)be
beneficial
to．．．对……有益
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①As
we
all
know,
books
are
the
source
of
knowledge,
__from/by__
which
I
benefit
a
lot．
②It
is
__of__
great
benefit
to
share
your
feelings
with
someone
you
trust,
which
is
also
__beneficial__
(benefit)
to
your
mental
health．
③(2019·北京卷)The
students
__benefiting__
(benefit)
most
from
college
are
those
who
are
totally
engaged
(参与)
in
academic
life,
taking
full
advantage
of
the
college's
chances
and
resources．
提能—一句多译。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)充分了解中国的餐桌礼仪对你有很大好处。
④__Having
good
knowledge
of
table
manners
of
China
will
benefit
you
greatly．__(benefit
vt．)
⑤__Having
a
good
knowledge
of
table
manners
of
China
will
be
of
great
benefit
to
you．__(benefit
n．)
⑥__Having
a
good
knowledge
of
table
manners
of
China
will
be
very
beneficial
to
you．__(beneficial
adj．)
7．combine
v．(使)结合，(使)联合；兼有；使融合
词汇拓展
combination
n．结合，联合；联合体；结合物
用法归纳
(1)combine．．．with/and．．．把……与……结合起来
combine
to
do
sth．联合起来做某事
(2)in
combination
with．．．与……联合；与……共谋
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·江苏卷)With
their
patience
and
efforts,
they
successfully
developed
a
__combination__
(combine)
of
artificial
breeding
and
natural
reproduction．
②It
was
several
factors
that
combined
__to
harm__
(harm)
our
friendship．
提能—完成句子。
③It's
her
belief
that
she
__can
combine
work
with/and
relaxation__
well．
她相信她能将工作和消遣很好地结合起来。
④The
firm
is
working
on
a
new
product
__in
combination
with__
several
overseas
partners．
该公司正与几家海外合作伙伴合作开发一种新产品。
⑤The
beautiful
scenery,
__combined
with
delicious
food
and
lovely
weather__，made
our
visit
to
Hawaii
unforgettable．
美丽的风景，再加上美食和宜人的天气使我们这次夏威夷之旅难忘。
8．get
away
with
被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚
归纳拓展
get
away
with
doing
sth．(做坏事但却)逃脱(惩罚或责备)
get
along/on
with
进展；相处
get
sth．across
(to
sb．)(使)某事被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get
rid
of
摆脱；除掉
get
away
from．．．
从……脱离；逃脱
get
down
to
开始；着手
get
in
插话；收获
get
in
touch
with．．．
与……取得联系
get
into
the
habit
of．．．
养成……习惯
get
out
(of)
出去；离开；逃脱；摆脱
get
over
爬过；从……恢复过来；克服(困难)
get
through
完成；花光(时间、金钱等)；通过；接通电话
层级训练
夯基—用get的相关短语填空。
①Every
now
and
then
I
like
to
spend
a
few
days
in
the
country
to
__get
away
from__
the
noise
and
pollution
of
London．
②I've
been
trying
to
phone
Charles
all
evening,
but
there
must
be
something
wrong
with
the
network;
I
can't
seem
to
__get
through__．
③Your
paper
wouldn't
__get
across__
to
readers
if
you
used
too
many
technical
terms
in
it．
④For
such
a
serious
mistake
he
was
lucky
to
__get
away
with__
a
fine．
⑤If
we
can
__get
over__
our
present
difficulties,
then
everything
should
be
all
right．
提能—单句写作。
⑥Our
English
teacher
is
very
strict
with
us．
He
won't
have
us
__getting
away
with
cheating
in
the
exam__．
我们的英语老师严格要求我们，他绝不允许我们考试中作弊而不受到惩罚。
9．cut
down砍倒；减少；削减；删节；杀死(某人)
归纳拓展
cut
in插嘴；(马达或发动机)发动
cut
up切碎；切开
cut
out
删除；(马达或发动机)突然熄火
cut
through
开辟(出路或通道)
cut
off
切断；中止；隔绝
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句子中cut
down的汉语意思。
①He
tried
to
cut
down
on
smoking
but
failed．__减少__
②Cut
down
the
article
so
as
to
make
it
fit
the
space
available
on
the
paper．
__删节，删减__
③He
cut
down
the
tree
and
cut
it
up
for
firewood．
__砍倒__
④Hunger,
cold
and
illness
cut
down
many
of
the
villagers．
__杀死，夺去……的生命__
提能—根据句意用cut短语的正确形式填空。
⑤__Cut
up__
the
carrots
before
you
put
them
into
the
pot．
⑥She
kept
__cutting
in__
on
our
conversation,
which
made
us
very
angry．
⑦When
their
children
lived
far
away
from
them,
these
old
people
felt
__cut
off__
from
the
world．
10．“Nothing
could
be
better，”
he
thought．
他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”
本句中的nothing与比较级better连用，表达最高级意义，意为“再也没有比这更好吃的了”。
归纳拓展
表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：
(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构，通常译为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”。常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。
(2)can/could＋never/not＋be＋enough/too．．．“再……也不过分”
(3)比较级＋than＋
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空/补全句子。
①No
one
could
perform
__better__
(well)
than
the
athlete
who
achieved
great
success
in
the
Olympic
Games．
②Mr．
Smith
is
a
great
teacher—I
really
couldn't
find
a
__better__
(good)
teacher．
③When
talking
with
the
elderly,
you
__can't
be
too
polite/polite
enough__
(再礼貌也不为过)．
提能—一句多译。
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)就我个人而言，在我们的日常生活中身体健康最重要。
④In
my
view,
__health
is
the
most
important
thing__
in
our
daily
life．
⑤From
my
point
of
view,
__nothing
is
more
important
than
health__
in
our
daily
life．(否定词＋比较级)
11．He
could
not
have
Yong
Hui
getting
away
with
telling
people
lies!
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！
本句中的have
sb．/sth．doing
sth．为一常见句型，意为“让某人或某物一直做某事”。在否定句中，尤其与won't,
can't等连用时，可表示“容忍或允许”之意。
归纳拓展
have
sb．do
sth．让/使某人做某事，强调事实
have
sth．done
表示两种含义：
(1)表示主观的意志，“让别人做某事”。
(2)表示主语遭遇某情况，意外或不幸。
温馨提示
have作“有”讲时的句式为：
have
sth．to
do
有某事要做(主语自己做)
have
sth．to
be
done有某事要做(不是主语自己做)
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2020·天津卷)The
dancer's
incredible
performance
had
the
audience
on
its
feet
__clapping__
(clap)
for
10
minutes
at
the
end
of
the
show．
②(北京卷书面表达)I
won't
have
you
__making__
(make)
the
same
mistake
again
and
again．
③There
is
no
need
to
worry．
I
will
have
Tom
__pick__
(pick)
you
up
at
the
airport．
④(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I
intended
to
take
up
a
part-time
job,
through
which
I
can
have
my
horizons
__broadened__
(broaden)．
⑤(天津卷)I
was
watching
the
clock
all
through
the
meeting,
as
I
had
a
train
__to
catch__
(catch)．
提能—单句写作。
⑥(全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I'm
terribly
sorry
for
not
being
able
to
go
to
the
bookstore
with
you
on
Friday
afternoon．
I
have
just
found
that
I
__have
an
important
meeting
to
attend__
that
afternoon．
非常抱歉星期五下午不能与你一起去书店。我刚刚发现那天下午我有一个重要的会议要参加。
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Many
people
have
come
to
realize
that
they
should
go
on
__a__
balanced
diet
and
make
room
in
their
day
for
exercise．
解析：考查冠词。句意：许多人已经意识到他们应该保持平衡的饮食，而且每天留时间进行锻炼。a
balanced
diet“平衡的饮食”。故填a。
2．—How
was
your
recent
trip
to
Sichuan?
—I've
never
had
a
__more__
pleasant
one
before．
解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：——你最近去四川的旅行怎么样？——这是让我最为愉快的旅行了。否定词never与比较级a
more
pleasant构成最高级的含义。故填more。
3．—In
this
day
and
age,
women
can
have
children
and
jobs
as
well．
—I
can't
agree
more．It's
great
to
have
the
two__combined__(combine)．
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：——在现在这个年代，妇女可以兼顾养育子女与工作。——我非常同意。把这两者结合起来是非常棒的。have
the
two
combined
“使这两者结合”为“have
sth．
done”结构“使某事被做”。故填作宾补的过去分词combined。
4．The
girl
waits
to
win
back
her
own
flowers
as
gifts
from
her
opponent's
hands．
解析：考查固定短语。句意：这个女孩等着从对手的手中赢回她自己的花作为礼物。win
back“赢回”。故填back。
5．While
prices
are
rising
so
fast，many
people
are
working
out
ways
to
cut
__down__their
expenses．
解析：考查固定短语。句意：当价格飞涨时，许多人做出了削减费用的举措。cut
down“削减；缩短；砍倒”。故填down。
6．You'd
better
take
into
account
your
own
__strengths__(strong)
and
weaknesses
before
choosing
a
major．
解析：考查词性转换。句意：在选专业之前你最好考虑你的优缺点。由your及weaknesses可知此用名词strength“强项；优势”，符合句意。故填strengths。
7．The
child
should
be
punished．You
shouldn't
let
him
get
__away__
with
telling
lies．
解析：考查固定短语。句意：这孩子应受到惩罚。他撒谎你不应该不处罚他。get
away
with“侥幸成功；逃脱处罚”。故填away。
8．I
would
rather
lose
a
dozen
cherry
trees
than
you
should
tell
a
lie．
解析：考查冠词。句意：我宁愿失去一打樱桃树也不愿你撒谎。tell
a
lie“撒谎”。故填a。
9．His
plan
seemed
to
be
too
difficult,
but
before
long
it
proved
to
the
practicable．
解析：考查连词。句意：他的计划看起来太难，但是没多久就被证明很实用。before
long“不久以后”。
10．Whom
do
you
expect
to
have
__solve__(solve)
the
problem
of
overloaded
school
buses?
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你希望让谁来解决校车超载的问题？expect
to
do
sth．表示“期望做某事”；have
sb．do
sth．表示“让某人做某事”。本句是对“expect
to
have
sb．do
sth．”中的宾语sb．进行提问。故填作whom宾补的solve。
11．It
is
thought
that
half
the
population
in
that
country
earn
their
living
(live)
by
farming．
解析：考查固定短语。句意：据认为那个国家有一半的人口是靠务农谋生的。earn
one's
living“谋生”。故填living。
12．Having
stepped
into
the
cave,
he
saw
two
eyes
glaring
at
him
out
of
the
darkness．
解析：考查固定短语。句意：迈步走进洞里，他看见有两只眼睛从黑暗处瞪着他。glare
at“怒目而视”。故填介词at。
13．The
man
borrowed
a
lot
of
money
and
now
he
is
in
debt．
解析：考查介词。句意：这个人借了许多钱，现在他负债累累。in
debt“欠债”。故填in。
14．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Filled
with
__curiosity__
(curious),
the
artist
packed
his
bags
and
left．
解析：考查词性转换。作介词with的宾语，用名词形式。故填curiosity。
15．There
is
no
limit
to
helping
(help)
the
people
in
trouble．
解析：考查固定句型。句意：对困境中的人们的帮助是无限的。There
is
no
limit
to．．．“对……是无限的”。to是介词。故填helping。
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．—How's
your
new
babysitter?
—We
couldn't
ask
for
a
good
one．
All
our
kids
love
her
so
much．
__good→better__
2．He
is
such
warm-hearted
a
man
that
we
all
like
him．
__such→so__
3．Consulting
the
doctor,
and
you
will
get
the
full
information
on
the
disease．
__Consulting→Consult__
4．They
are
working
together
to
benefit
from
the
whole
community．
__去掉from__
5．Neither
his
parents
nor
he
are
going
to
China
next
year．
__are→is__
6．I'm
very
sorry
to
have
had
you
wait
for
so
long．
__wait→waiting__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．咨询老师之后，我下定决心主修英语。(consult)
(1)__After
I
consulted
my
teacher，I
made
up
my
mind
to
major
in
English__．
(时间状语从句)
(2)__Having
consulted
my
teacher，I
made
up
my
mind
to
major
in
English__．(分词作状语)
2．作为一个学生，我可以告诉你，没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。(否定词＋比较级)
As
a
student,
I
can
tell
you
that
there
is
__nothing
better
than
being
praised
by
my
teacher__
before
my
classmates．
3．我不允许你用粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。(can't
have
sb．
doing)
__I
can't
have
you
speaking
to
your
mother
in
a
rude
manner．__
4．我们的学校位于美丽的天津城，在秋天它既不太热也不太冷。(neither．．．nor．．．)
__Our
school
lies
in
Tianjin
City，which
is
beautiful．
In
autumn，it
is
neither
too
hot
nor
too
cold．__
5．每天做大量的运动对我们减肥很有好处。
(1)__Doing
plenty
of
exercise
every
day
is
of
great
benefit
to
losing
weight__．(benefit)
(2)__Doing
plenty
of
exercise
every
day
is
very
beneficial
to
losing
weight__．(beneficial)
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Wang
Peng
ran
a
restaurant
which
was
always
full
of
__1．customers__
(custom)
by
lunchtime．
But
one
day,
a
strange
thing
happened
that
few
people
came
to
his
restaurant．
Soon
he
found
that
people
went
to
a
newly-opened
one
__2．called__
(call)
Yong
Hui's
slimming
restaurant．
__3．Curiosity__
(curious)
drove
him
into
Yong
Hui's,
__4．where__
he
was
given
a
menu．
To
his
surprise,
he
found
that
the
food
there
was
simple
and
the
prices
were
high．
But
Yong
Hui
told
the
customers
that
they
would
lose
weight
by
eating
there．
He
couldn't
have
Yong
Hui
__5．getting__
(get)
away
with
telling
lies,
so
he
__6．threw__
(throw)
down
the
menu
and
went
to
a
library．
After
__7．doing/having
done__
(do)
some
research,
he
realized
that
Yong
Hui's
restaurant
didn't
serve
people
with
enough
energy-giving
food．
On
the
other
hand,
Wang
Peng's
menu
had
little
protective
food．Since
neither
of
them
was
providing
a
__8．balanced__
(balance)
diet,
__9．it__
was
obvious
that
they
ought
__10．to__
work
together
to
serve
healthy
food．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假定你是李华，是一名高中生。最近，你的笔友Amy给你寄来一封信，说她因发胖而感到非常苦恼。请根据下列要点给她写一封建议信。内容包括：
1．注意饮食合理，营养均衡；
2．经常锻炼，保证睡眠充足；
3．调整心态。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①得知你因为发胖而伤心我感到难过。下面是如何保持健康的一些建议。
I'm
sorry
to
hear
that
you
are
upset
because
you
have
__put
on
weight__．The
following
are
some
tips
__on
how
to
keep
fit__．
②为了保持健康，你需要均衡饮食。不要吃含糖和脂肪多的食物。含糖和脂肪高的食物容易使人发胖。
To
keep
healthy,
you
need
to
__have
a
balanced
diet__．
Don't
eat
the
foods
containing
too
much
sugar
and
fat．
It
will
make
you
put
on
weight
easily．
③为了健康，拥有充足的睡眠和休息是有必要的。
__For
the
benefit
of
your
health__，it
is
necessary
that
you
should
have
enough
sleep
and
rest．
④像骑车和散步这类的运动对身体有好处。它可以使你保持体形。
Sports
like
riding
and
walking
__are
beneficial/of
great
benefit
to
your
health__，which
can
help
you
keep
in
shape．
⑤充足的睡眠使你身体得到放松。
Enough
sleep
__makes
your
body
relaxed__．
⑥没有必要担心体重增加和减少。
There
is
no
need
to
worry
about
__weight
gain
and
weight
loss__．
⑦健康是最重要的。
Health
__is
the
most
important__．
⑧希望我的建议对你会有所帮助。
__I
hope
my
tips
will
be
helpful
to
you．__
?升级平淡句
1．用which引导定语从句升级句②
__To
keep
healthy，you
need
to
have
a
balanced
diet．
Don't
eat
the
foods
containing
too
much
sugar
and
fat，which
will
make
you
put
on
weight
easily．__
2．用“否定词与比较级连用表示最高级”句式升级句⑦
__Nothing
is
more
important
than
health．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：first
of
all,
besides,
as
a
result,
last
but
not
least,
as
far
as
I'm
concerned等)
__Dear
Amy，__
__I'm
sorry
to
hear
that
you
are
upset
because
you
have
put
on
weight．
The
following
are
some
tips
on
how
to
keep
fit．
First
of
all,
to
keep
healthy,
you
need
to
have
a
balanced
diet．
Don't
eat
the
foods
containing
too
much
sugar
and
fat,
which
will
make
you
put
on
weight
easily．
Besides,
it
is
important
to
take
regular
exercise
and
have
enough
sleep．
Sports
like
riding
and
walking
are
beneficial
to
your
health,
which
can
help
you
keep
in
shape．
Enough
sleep
makes
your
body
relaxed．
As
a
result,
for
the
benefit
of
your
health,
it
is
necessary
that
you
should
have
enough
sleep
and
rest．
Last
but
not
least,
there
is
no
need
to
worry
about
weight
gain
and
weight
loss．
As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
nothing
is
more
important
than
health．
I
do
hope
my
tips
will
be
helpful
to
you．
Best
wishes．__
__Yours，__
__Li
Hua__
PAGEUnit
1 Festivals
around
the
world
必备知识·盘点夯基
,BI
BEI
ZHI
SHI
PAN
DIAN
HANG
JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢
语境运用
核心单词
1．__belief__n．信任；信心；信仰2．__gather__vt．
&
vi．搜集；集合；聚集3．__award__
n．奖；奖品vt．授予；判定4．__custom__n．习惯；风俗5．__obvious__adj．明显的；显而易见的6．__gain__vt．获得；得到7．__forgive__vt．原谅；饶恕8．__trick__n．诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt．欺骗；诈骗9．__fool__
n．愚人；白痴；受骗者
vt．愚弄；欺骗
vi．干傻事；开玩笑adj．傻的10．__drown__vt．&
vi．淹没；溺死；淹死11．__wipe__vt．
擦；揩；擦去12．__weep__vi．
哭泣；流泪n．哭；哭泣13．__poet__n．诗人14．__clothing__n．衣服
1．Eating
dumplings
on
the
Spring
Festival
is
a
traditional
__custom__
(风俗)
in
some
parts
of
China．
2．He
__was
awarded__
(award)
the
first
prize
in
the
speech
competition,
which
made
his
parents
very
proud．
3．My
father
has
much
__belief__
(belief)
in
doctors
of
traditional
Chinese
medicine．4．Tom
__gained__
(gain)
friendship
and
experience
from
the
local
residents,
working
with
them
for
three
years．5．The
people
__gathered__
(gather)
round,
curious
to
know
what
was
happening．6．__Obviously__
(obvious),
the
coach
is
not
satisfied
with
the
performance
of
his
players．7．Be
careful
when
crossing
the
bridge
or
you
will
fall
into
the
water
and
get
__drowned__
(drown)．
8．We
__were
tricked__
(trick)
into
buying
a
poor
car,
which
made
me
very
upset．9．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Those
viewing
the
quality
of
Abbot
Hall's
temporary
exhibitions
may
be
__forgiven__
(forgive)
for
thinking
they
are
in
a
city
gallery．
拓展单词
1．__remind__
vt．提醒；使想起→__reminder__
n．起提醒作用的东西；提醒者2．__arrival__n．到来；到达；到达者→__arrive__vi．到达3．__independence__n．独立；自主→__independent__
adj．独立的；自主的4．__permission__
n．许可；允许→__permit__
vt．允许n．许可证；执照5．__apologize__
vi．
道歉；辩白→
__apology__
n．道歉6．__origin__
n．起源；由来；起因→__original__
adj．原来的→__originally__
adv．原来；起初7．
__starve__vi．&
vt．(使)饿死；饿得要死→__starvation__
n．饿死8．__celebration__n．庆祝；祝贺→__celebrate__
v．庆祝；祝贺9．__energetic__
adj．充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→__energy__
n．能量；精力10．__sadness__n．悲哀；悲伤→sad
adj．悲伤的→__sadly__
adv．伤心地，悲伤地11．__agriculture__
n．农业；农艺；农学→__agricultural__
adj．农业的；农艺的12．__admire__vt．赞美；钦佩；羡慕→__admiration__
n．敬佩，钦佩；羡慕
1．The
young
man
kept
__
apologizing__
to
his
girlfriend
for
his
being
late,
but
she
refused
to
accept
his
__apology__
．(apologize)2．They
are
__celebrating__
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival
and
many
people
are
joining
in
the
__celebration__．
(celebrate)
3．The
moment
I
saw
the
scientist
__admired__
by
everyone,
words
failed
to
express
my
__admiration__．(admire)4．Della's
eyes
were
full
of
__sadness__
at
the
sad
news
and
she
looked
__sadly__
at
her
husband．
(sad)
5．Even
if
you
have
a
__permit__，I
won't
permit
you
to
enter
the
hall
without
my
__permission__．
(permit)
6．To
keep
__energetic__，he
set
aside
two
hours
a
day
to
take
exercise．
That's
why
he
is
always
full
of
__energy__．(energy)7．The
old
temple
has
kept
many
of
its
__original__features,
which
tells
us
the
__origin__
of
the
legend．
__Originally__，people
knew
little
about
it,
but
now
it
becomes
very
famous．(origin)
联想积累：
1．原型动词eep变为ept的不规则动词
①weep→wept→wept
②keep→kept→kept
③sleep→slept→slept
④sweep→swept→swept
2．名词兼用作动词
①trick
n．诡计；恶作剧→vt．欺骗
②fool
n．愚人；白痴→vt．愚弄；欺骗
③nurse
n．护士→vt．护理，照顾
④head
n．头→vi．前往
⑤back
n．后背→vt．支持
⑥eye
n．眼睛→vt．注视，看
3．“明显”相关单词集锦
①obvious→obviously
②evident→evidently
③distinct→distinctly
④apparent→apparently
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__take
place__发生
2．__in
memory
of__纪念；追念
3．__dress
up__穿上盛装；打扮；装饰
4．__play
a
trick
on__搞恶作剧；开玩笑；诈骗
5．__look
forward
to__期望；期待；盼望
6．__day
and
night__日夜；昼夜；整天
7．__turn
up__出现；到场
8．__keep
one's
word__守信用；履行诺言
9．__hold
one's
breath__
屏息；屏气
10．__have
fun
with__玩得开心
11．__set
off__出发；动身；使爆炸；引起
12．__remind．．．of．．．__使……想起……
13．__in
the
shape
of__
以……的形状
语境运用
1．Sue's
article
__reminds__
me
__of__
my
high
school
years
when
I
studied
and
played
together
with
my
best
friends．
2．After
the
graduation
ceremony,
all
graduates__
set
off__
on
their
life
journey．
3．(2020·新高考卷阅读)Judges
will
choose
up
to
50
honorable
mention
winners,
who
will
each
receive
a
T-shirt
__in
memory
of__
Earhart's
final
flight．
4．Uncle
Tom
is
a
humorous
man,
so
we
often
__have
fun
with__
him
when
we
stay
with
him．
5．(2020·天津卷)For
my
fifth
birthday,
my
mother
baked
me
a
cake
__in
the
shape
of__
a
monkey．
6．It
is
wise
to
__dress
up__
before
you
go
to
a
job
interview
as
it
helps
you
leave
a
good
impression
on
interviewers．
7．My
friend
John
said
he
would
come
to
do
me
a
favour
and
I
believe
he
will
__keep
his
word__．
8．People
present
all
__held
their
breath__
when
the
host
was
announcing
who
was
the
winner
in
the
competition．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．Some
festivals
are
held
to
honour
the
dead
or
to
satisfy
the
ancestors,
who
might
return
either
to
help
or
to
do
harm．有些节日是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，他们回到世上行善或作恶。
either．．．or．．．意为“或者……或者……”，在句中连接两个相同的句子成分。
1．课外活动时，我通常要么去“英语角”，要么去体育馆。I
often
go
to
__either
“English
corner”
or
the
gym__
as
my
after-class
activities．
2．It
was
obvious
that
the
manager
of
the
coffee
shop
was
waiting
for
Li
Fang
to
leave．很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开。
It
is/was
obvious
that．．．“很明显……”，it为形式主语。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)很明显，我们应该互相合作，为比赛做好充分的准备。__It
is
obvious
that
__we
should
cooperate
with
each
other
and
make
full
preparations
for
the
competition．
3．While
she
was
on
earth
she
met
the
herd
boy
Niulang
and
they
fell
in
love．她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了。
while意为“当……的时候”，在句中引导时间状语从句。
3．趁着现在还年轻，我们必须学习，获得更多的知识。We
must
work
hard
to
gain
more
knowledge
__while
we
are
young__．
核心素养·精讲层练
HE
XIN
SU
YANG
JING
JIANG
CENG
LIAN
1．admire
v．
赞美；钦佩；羡慕
词汇拓展
admiration
n．[U]赞美；赞赏；钦佩；[C]令人赞美的人或物
admirable
adj．令人钦佩的；值得赞美的；绝妙的；极好的
用法归纳
(1)admire
sb．for
sth．因某事而羡慕/钦佩某人
admire
the
moon
赏月
(2)with/in
admiration
羡慕地；钦佩地
express/have
admiration
for
sb．/sth．(表示)羡慕/钦佩某人/物
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①We
admire
the
old
scientist
__for__
his
great
contributions
to
the
country．
②During
the
mid-autumn
festival,
people
get
together,
__admiring__
(admire)
the
moon
and
enjoying
mooncakes．
③I'd
like
to
express
my
__admiration__
(admire)
for
the
courage
and
uncomplaining
spirit
of
the
firefighters．
提能—单句写作。
④(北京卷书面表达)When
it
comes
to
famous
figures
in
Chinese
history,
I
__admire
Zhang
Qian
very
much__．
说到中国的著名历史人物，我非常佩服张骞。
2．apologize
vi．道歉；辩白
词汇拓展
apology
n．
道歉；致歉
用法归纳
(1)apologize
to
sb．for
(doing)
sth．因(做)某事向某人道歉
apologize
to
sb．that
．．．向某人道歉……
(2)make/offer
an
apology
to
sb．for
(doing)
sth．因(做)某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse
sb．'s
apology
接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe
sb．an
apology
应向某人道歉
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①The
student
had
no
other
choice
but
__to
apologize__
(apologize)
to
his
teacher
__for__
the
mistake
he
had
made．
②(2020·新高考卷阅读)You
don't
need
to
apologize
__for__
a
minor
slip．
提能—一句多译。
(山东高考书面表达)我写信为没有及时给你回信表示道歉。
③I'm
writing
this
letter
to
__express
my
apology
to
you
for
not
writing
you
back__
in
time．(apology)
④I'm
writing
this
letter
__to
apologize
to
you
for
not
writing
you
back__
in
time．(apologize)
3．remind
vt．提醒；使想起
词汇拓展
reminder
n．起提醒作用的东西；提醒者
用法归纳
remind
sb．
of/about
sth．提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事
remind
sb．
to
do
sth．提醒某人做某事
remind
(sb．)＋that/how/what．．．提醒(某人)……
层级点津
与remind结构相类似的动词还有：
inform
sb．
of
sth．通知某人某事
cure
sb．
of
sth．治疗某人的疾病
rob
sb．
of
sth．抢劫某人某物
warn
sb．
of
sth．警告某人某事
accuse
sb．
of
sth．指控某人某事
suspect
sb．
of
sth．怀疑某人某事
convince
sb．
of
sth．使某人确信某事
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Michael
put
up
a
picture
of
Yao
Ming
beside
the
bed
to
keep
himself
__reminded__(remind)
of
his
own
dreams．
②You
must
remind
him
__to
take__(take)
his
medicine,
in
case
he
forgets．
③(全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Confucius
believed
knives
would
remind
people
__of__
killings
and
were
too
violent
for
use
at
the
table．
④This
photo
serves
as
a
__reminder__(remind)
of
the
most
important
moments
of
my
life．
提能—单句写作。
⑤(牛津高阶)__Passengers
are
reminded
that__
no
smoking
is
allowed
on
this
train．
旅客们被提醒本次列车禁止吸烟。
⑥What
the
teacher
had
said
__reminded
me
of
the
famous
saying__，“Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way．”
老师的话让我想起了“有志者，事竟成”这句著名的谚语。
4．forgive
vt．
(forgave,
forgiven)宽恕；饶恕；原谅
词汇拓展
forgiveness
n．宽恕；原谅
用法归纳
(1)forgive
me请原谅；对不起
forgive
one's
doing
sth．原谅某人做了某事
forgive
sb．
for
(doing)
sth．原谅某人(做了)某事
(2)forgive
and
forget
摒弃前嫌
名师点津
excuse
sb．
for
(doing)
sth．原谅某人(做了)某事
pardon
sb．
for
(doing)
sth．原谅某人(做了)某事
thank
sb．
for
(doing)
sth．感谢某人(做了)某事
praise
sb．
for
(doing)
sth．赞扬某人(做了)某事
punish
sb．
for
(doing)
sth．因某人(做了)某事而惩罚某人
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①__Being
forgiven__(forgive)
for
the
past
is
the
most
precious
gift
we
can
receive．
②Forgive
me
__for__
interrupting,
but
I
really
don't
agree
with
that．
提能—单句写作。
③(江苏高考书面表达)不计前嫌也是一种美德，尤其是在竞争如此激烈、压力如此沉重的社会中。
It
is
also
a
virtue
__to
forgive
and
forget__，especially
in
such
a
competitive
and
stressful
society．
④(全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)__Please
forgive
me
for
my
being
unable
to
keep
you
company__
to
the
bookstore．
请原谅我没能陪伴你去书店。
5．in
memory
of
纪念；追念
归纳拓展
“in＋n．＋of”短语总结：
in
honor
of
为了纪念；向……表示敬意
in
praise
of
歌颂 in
favor
of
赞同；支持
in
charge
of
负责
in
need
of
需要
in
search
of
寻找
in
possession
of
拥有
in
place
of
代替
in
case
of
万一
in
terms
of
根据；按照
in
celebration
of为了庆祝
层级训练
夯基—选用以上短语填空。
①My
sister
was
against
my
suggestion
while
my
brother
was
__in
favor
of__
it．
②A
film
will
be
shot
__in
memory
of__
those
brave
firefighters．
③I'll
be
__in
charge
of__
the
whole
factory
next
week
when
the
director
is
away．
④I'm
honoured
on
behalf
of
our
school
to
invite
you
to
attend
the
evening
party
__in
celebration
of__
our
school's
50th
anniversary．
⑤(2018·浙江卷)I've
learned
that
the
English
Association
of
our
school
is
now
__in
need
of__
some
volunteers
to
receive
foreign
students
visiting
our
school．
提能—单句写作。
⑥We
held
series
of
celebrations
__in
memory
of
those
who
gave
their
lives
to
the
country__．
我们举办了一系列的庆祝活动来纪念那些为了国家而献出生命的人。
6．look
forward
to
盼望；期待
归纳拓展
look
into
观察；调查
look
through
浏览；仔细查看
look
out
for
留心；注意；提防
look
up
(在词典、参考书中)查阅
look
up
to
仰慕
look
back
on
回顾；回头看
look
down
on/upon
轻视/看不起
look
on
．．．as
．．．把……看作……
巧学助记
含介词to的其他短语：
lead
to
导致；产生
stick
to
坚持
pay
attention
to
注意
be
used
to
习惯于
be
accustomed
to
习惯于
get
down
to
开始；着手
object
to
反对
be
opposed
to
反对
devote
．．．to
．．．致力于……
refer
to
谈及；涉及
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
my
suggestions
will
be
of
great
help
to
you．
I'm
looking
forward
to
__hearing__(hear)
from
you
as
soon
as
possible．
②At
break,
Mr．
Wang
got
down
to
__dealing__
(deal)
with
the
matters
arising
from
his
class．
夯基—单句改错。
③The
day
that
he
had
looked
forward
to
coming
at
last．
__coming→came__
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)The
language
is
almost
intoxicating
(令人陶醉的)，an
aging
writer
looking
back
__on__
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time．
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2019·全国卷书面表达)I'd
appreciate
it
if
you
could
take
my
application
into
consideration．
__I'm
looking
forward
to
your
early
reply__．
如果你能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。期待您的早日回复。
7．turn
up
出现，露面；被找到；开大(音量)；向上翻
归纳拓展
turn
against
背叛；对……不利
turn
down
拒绝；关小，调低
turn
in
上交；拐入
turn
out
结果是；证明是；生产，制造
turn
over
翻身；打滚；移交；转动
turn
round
转身；翻转；(使)翻身
turn
to
sb．for
help
向某人求助
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中turn
up的含义。
①Richard
turned
up
on
Christmas
Eve
with
Tony．__露面__
②(北京卷)TV
ears
has
helped
thousands
of
people
with
various
degrees
of
hearing
loss
hear
the
television
clearly
without
turning
up
the
volume．__开大音量__
③(浙江卷)Pahlsson
and
her
husband
searched
the
kitchen,
checking
every
corner,
but
turned
up
nothing．__找到__
④He
turned
up
his
coat
collar
against
the
chill
wind．__朝上翻__
夯基—用turn的相关短语填空。
⑤My
wallet
was
__turned
in__
to
the
police
two
days
after
it
was
stolen．
⑥Tom
looked
upset
because
he
had
his
proposal
__turned
down__
again．
⑦I
often
__turn
to__
my
classmates
or
teachers
for
help．
As
a
result,
I
have
made
steady
progress
in
my
studies．
⑧(湖北卷)Don't
worry．
I'm
sure
your
missing
glasses
will
__turn
up__
sooner
or
later．
提能—单句写作。
⑨(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Some
famous
Chinese
artists
will
__turn
up
and
perform
at
the
exhibition__．
一些著名的中国艺术家将出席展览并表演。
8．dress
up(使)盛装；(给……)乔装打扮；装饰
归纳拓展
(1)dress
sb．给某人穿衣服
be
dressed
in．．．穿着……衣服
get
dressed
穿上衣服
dress
well/badly/fashionably/comfortably
穿得好/不好/时髦/舒适
(2)casual
dress
便服 formal
dress
正装
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中dress
up的含义。
①There's
no
need
to
dress
up—come
as
you
are．__盛装__
②The
children
tried
to
dress
(themselves)
up
as
monsters．__乔装打扮__
③The
whole
family
are
dressing
up
the
Christmas
tree．__装饰__
④The
facts
are
quite
clear；it's
no
use
trying
to
dress
them
up．__掩饰__
9．set
off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起；燃放(烟花等)
归纳拓展
set
aside
留出；忽视；不顾
set
about
doing．．．
着手/开始做……
set
out
to
do．．．出发；开始做……
set
down写下；记下
set
up建立；安排；搭起
夯基—写出下列句中set
off的含义
①Having
said
goodbye
to
their
friends,
they
set
off
for
home．
__出发，动身__
②Hong
Kong's
stock
market
fell,
setting
off
a
global
financial
crisis．__引起__
③On
New
Year's
Eve,
we
set
off
many
fireworks,
which
made
the
children
excited．
__燃放(烟花等)__
提能—一句多译。
他着手粉刷整间房子，但仅仅完成了前面的部分。
④He
__set
out
to
paint__
the
whole
house
but
finished
only
the
front．(set
out)
⑤He
__set
about
painting__
the
whole
house
but
finished
only
the
front．
(set
about)
10．While
she
was
on
earth
she
met
the
herd
boy
Niulang
and
they
fell
in
love．
她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了。
本句中的while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。
归纳拓展
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中while的含义。
①Some
people
waste
food
while
others
haven't
enough．__而；然而__
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)According
to
her
research,
runners
hit
the
ground
with
as
much
as
four
times
their
body
weight
per
step,
while
race
walkers,
who
do
not
leave
the
ground,
create
only
about
1．4
times
their
body
weight
with
each
step．
__而；然而__
③While
I
was
looking
through
the
news
online,
up
came
a
video
of
a
lovely
bear．__当……时__
④While
there
is
life,
there
is
hope．__只要__
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)__While
I'm
an
exchange
student__，I
have
a
good
command
of
English
and
know
about
British
culture．
虽然我是一名交换生，但是我精通英语，了解英国文化。
11．It
was
obvious
that
the
manager
of
the
coffee
shop
was
waiting
for
Li
Fang
to
leave．
很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开。
本句中的it作形式主语，用来指代后面的that从句。
归纳拓展
it作形式主语的类似句式：
(1)It
be
＋形容词(strange,
natural,
possible,
important
．．．)＋that从句
(2)It
be
＋过去分词(said,
reported,
believed,
thought,
well
known
．．．)＋that从句
(3)It＋不及物动词(seem,
appear,
happen,
occur
．．．)＋that从句
(4)It
be
＋名词(a
pity,
a
fact,
an
honor,
no
wonder,
my
hope,
my
belief
．．．)＋that从句
层级训练
夯基—完成句子。
①__It
never
occurred/didn't
occur
to
me
that__(我从来没想到)Tom
should
be
elected
chairman
of
the
Students'
Union．
②__It
is
said
that__(据说)
the
site
of
an
ancient
city
has
been
discovered
at
the
bottom
of
the
lake．
③__It
is
a
pity
that__(真可惜)you
can't
come
to
the
party．
提能—单句写作。
④(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)重要的是6月28日之前你要交上文章。
__It
is
important
that
you(should)
hand__
in
your
article
before
28th，June．
⑤(安徽高考书面表达)事实是每个人都会有一些生活不顺心的时候，因此你不必太担心。
__The
truth
is
that/It
is
true
that/Truely__
everyone
will
have
one
of
those
periods
when
things
seem
to
be
going
wrong,
so
you
don't
have
to
worry
so
much．
高效演练·素能提升
GAO
XIAO
YAN
LIAN
SU
NENG
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．—I
haven't
got
the
reference
book
yet，but
I'll
have
a
test
on
the
subject
next
month．
—Don't
worry．You__shall__have
it
by
Friday．
解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：——我没得到参考书，可我下个月要参加这个科目的考试。——别担心，到星期五你一定会得到它。shall可以表示承诺、决心、命令或指示，意思是“必须，一定，应该”。故填shall。
2．(朗文辞典)We
stopped
halfway
up
the
hill
__to
admire__(admire)
the
view．
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了欣赏美景，我们爬到半山腰就停了下来。不定式作目的状语。故填to
admire。
3．It
is
by
no
means
clear
__what__
the
president
can
do
to
end
the
strike．
解析：考查主语从句。句意：总统能做什么来结束罢工，这点完全不清楚。本句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是从句what
the
president
can
do
to
end
the
strike。在从句中，what作do的宾语。故填what。
4．(浙江，5改编)__While/Although/Though__online
shopping
has
changed
our
life，not
all
of
its
effects
have
been
positive．
解析：考查连词。句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。while/although/though引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
5．At
school,
some
students
are
active
__while__
some
are
shy,
yet
they
can
be
good
friends
with
one
another．
解析：考查并列连词。句意：在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。while在此做并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。
6．You
never
know
where
happiness
will
turn
__up__next,
so
grasp
every
chance
around
you．
解析：句意：考查固定短语。你绝不会知道接下来幸福会在哪里出现，所以抓住现在所有的机会。由句意可知，填up，turn
up意为“出现”。
7．—
Where
did
you
get
robbed
of
your
handbag,
Madam?
—It
was
at
the
stop
__where__
I
usually
wait
for
my
bus
for
work．
解析：考查定语从句。句意：——女士，你是在哪里被抢了包？——是在我平时等公交的那个公交站台(我的包被抢了)。由句意可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是shop，从句部分缺少地点状语，所以填where。
8．As
the
road
to
the
airport
is
under
reconstruction,
we'd
better
set
__off/out__
early
to
avoid
the
traffic
jam．
解析：考查动词短语。set
off/out“动身，出发”。故填副词off/out。
9．__It__
is
surprising
that
there
are
so
many
Chinese
restaurants
in
Toronto．
解析：考查主语从句。句意：令人吃惊的是，在多伦多有这么多中国饭店。that引导的从句是主语从句，it作形式主语。故填It。
10．Either
the
judge
or
the
lawyers
__were__
wrong
on
the
case
at
that
moment．
解析：考查时态与主谓一致。句意：那时，在这件案子上，不是法官错了，就是律师们错了。并列主语由either．．．or．．．，neither．．．nor．．．等连接，谓语应与靠近的主语保持一致，根据题干中的the
lawyers可知用复数，又根据at
that
moment可知用一般过去时。故填were。
11．Legend
has
it
that
the
origin
of
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival
is__to
recall__(recall)
the
soul
of
Qu
Yuan．
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：传说端午节的起源是为了召回屈原的灵魂。系动词is后面需要用不定式作表语，故填to
recall。
12．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Chinese
New
Year
is
a
__celebration__
(celebrate)
marking
the
end
of
the
winter
season
and
the
beginning
of
spring．
解析：考查词性转换。由空前的不定冠词a可知此处应填名词。故填celebration。
13．—Could
you
tell
me
the
trick
__of__making
such
tasty
cakes?
—Well,
I
just
follow
the
directions
in
the
cookbook．
解析：考查介词。句意：——你能告诉我制作这样美味的蛋糕的技巧吗？——哦，我就是照着烹饪书上的说明做的。the
trick
of．．．“……的技巧”，故填of。
14．India
attained
__independence__(depend)
in
1947,
after
__a__
long
struggle．
解析：考查词性转换与冠词。句意：经过很长的斗争后，印度在1947年独立了。independence
“(国家的)独立，自主”，是不可数名词，作attained的宾语。struggle是单数名词，其前加不定冠词a。故填independence；a。
15．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)Forgive
yourself
__for__
mistakes
that
you
have
made．
解析：考查介词。句意：原谅自己所犯的错误。forgive
sb．
for
sth．“原谅某人某事”。故填for。
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．Either
you
or
the
headmaster
are
to
hand
out
the
prizes
to
those
gifted
students
at
the
meeting．
__are→is__
2．I'm
looking
forward
to
have
fun
with
you
in
the
coming
Dragon
Boat
Festival．
__have→having__
3．Don't
take
it
seriously;
she
just
wants
to
play
trick
on
you．
__play后加a或trick→tricks__
4．All
those
who
knew
him
will
admire
him
his
work．
__去掉him或him后加for__
5．After
getting
the
work
done,
we
put
up
a
board
reminded
people
to
protect
the
trees．
__reminded→reminding__
6．There
is
not
necessary
for
you
to
have
told
her
about
the
bad
news．
__There→It__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．做完所有的工作后，我们竖起了布告牌提醒人们保护这些树木。(remind)
(1)__After
getting
all
the
work
done，we
put
up
a
board
reminding
people
to
protect
the
trees．__(分词短语作定语)
(2)__After
getting
all
the
work
done，we
put
up
a
board
which/that
reminds
people
to
protect
the
trees．__(定语从句)
2．这部电影使我想起了我们在农村一起度过的日子。(remind．．．of．．．)
__The
film
reminded
me
of
the
days
we
spent
together
in
the
countryside．__
3．我们又见面时，他为自己没有信守诺言而向我道歉，并希望我能原谅他。(keep
one's
word；apologize；forgive)
__When
we
met
again，he
apologized
to
me
for
not
having
kept
his
word
and
asked
me
to
forgive
him．__
4．下周举行的大会是为了纪念他们的祖先100多年前来到这个村庄。(take
place；in
memory
of；ancestor；arrival)
__The
meeting
that
will
take
place
next
week
is
in
memory
of
their
ancestors'
arrival
in
the
village
over
one
hundred
years
ago．__
5．显而易见手机在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。(obvious)
__It
is
obvious
that
smartphones
play
an
important
role
in
our
daily
life．__
Ⅳ．语篇填空
There
are
many
kinds
of
festivals
throughout
the
world．
Festivals
are
held
to
satisfy
and
please
the
ancestors,
to
honour
some
famous
people
__1．or__
important
events,
and
to
express
people's
gratitude
to
the
God
for
bringing
__2．them__
a
year
of
plenty．
For
example，Japanese
observe
Obon,
__3．when__
people
go
to
clean
graves
and
light
incense
__4．in__
memory
of
their
ancestors．
In
India,
October
2
is
a
national
festival
__5．to
honour__
(honour)
Mohandas
Gandhi,
who
helped
India
become
an
__6．independent__
(depend)
country．
And
in
China
the
Spring
Festival,
__7．which__
is
celebrated
in
January
or
February,
is
__8．the__
most
energetic
and
important
festival
because
it
is
a
festival
that
__9．looks__
(look)
forward
to
the
coming
of
spring．
Why
are
all
these
festivals
everywhere?
Because
during
the
festivals,
people
can
get
together
to
eat,
drink
and
have
fun
with
each
other,
__10．forgetting__
(forget)
all
the
daily
struggles
and
demands
for
a
while．
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你是李华，笔友Tom写信询问你最近开设的有关传统文化的实践课程。请根据提示给他回信。
(1)你最喜欢的课程；(2)原因；(3)对你的影响。
?补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①我想和你们分享我最喜欢的实践课程：赛龙舟和包粽子，这都是端午节传统习俗。
I'd
like
to
share
with
you
my
favourite
practical
courses:
racing
the
dragon
boat
and
making
zongzi,
__both
of
which
are
the
traditional
customs__
in
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival．
②端午节是为纪念古代诗人屈原。
The
Dragon
Boat
Festival
is
celebrated
__in
memory
of
an
ancient
poet
Qu
Yuan__．
③他的诗总能使人们想起他对祖国的热爱。
His
poems
can
always
__remind
people
of
his
devotion
to
his
motherland__．
④一起划龙舟可以培养我们的团队精神，这可以帮我们在将来取得成功。
Racing
the
dragon
boat
together
can
develop
our
team
spirit,
__which
can
help
us
gain
success
in
the
future__．
⑤学习包粽子可以提高我们发展传统食物的意识。
Learning
to
make
zongzi
can
__raise
our
awareness
to
develop
traditional
food__．
⑥通过这些课程，我不仅能够积累更多传统文化信息，也能更好的了解我们的国家。
Through
these
courses,
I
__can
gather
more
information
about
traditional
culture__．I
can
have
a
better
understanding
of
our
country,
too．
⑦我期待着在即将到来的端午节和你玩得开心。
__I
am
looking
forward
to
having
fun
with
you__
in
the
coming
Dragon
Boat
Festival．
?升级平淡句
利用not
only．．．but
also．．．将句⑥升级为倒装句型
__Through
these
courses，not
only
can
I
gather
more
information
about
traditional
culture
but
I
can
also
have
a
better
understanding
of
our
country．__
?衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：what's
more,
more
importantly,
last
but
not
least等)
__Dear
Tom，__
__I
am
more
than
delighted
to
know
you
are
interested
in
our
practical
courses
about
traditional
culture．
Now
I'd
like
to
share
with
you
my
favourite
practical
courses:
racing
the
dragon
boat
and
making
zongzi，both
of
which
are
the
traditional
customs
in
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival．
The
Dragon
Boat
Festival
is
celebrated
in
memory
of
an
ancient
poet
Qu
Yuan．
His
poems
can
always
remind
people
of
his
devotion
to
his
motherland．
What's
more,
racing
the
dragon
boat
together
can
develop
our
team
spirit，which
can
help
us
gain
success
in
the
future．
Last
but
not
least,
learning
to
make
zongzi
can
raise
our
awareness
to
develop
traditional
food．
More
importantly,
through
these
courses，not
only
can
I
gather
more
information
about
traditional
culture
but
I
can
also
have
a
better
understanding
of
our
country．
I
am
looking
forward
to
having
fun
with
you
in
the
coming
Dragon
Boat
Festival．__
__Yours，__
__Li
Hua__
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