2021年中考英语阅读理解强化训练（六）环保类（含答案）

2021届中考英语阅读理解强化训练（六）
环保类
（一）
??? Every year thousands of young people in England finish high school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university. Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers.
??? Volunteers give their time to help people. For example, they work in schools or hospitals, or they do something helpful for the environment.
??? Paul, 18, comes from Wales. Next year he wants to go to university to study Chinese, but now he's living in Belize. Paul says, "I'm working with other people here to save the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is polluted badly, the coral will die. I'm helping to do study on the coral and the fish that live around the reefs. All over the world, coral reefs are dying. We need to do something about the problem before it's too late. I'm staying with a family here. I help do some housework. I don't get any money, but that's OK. I love my work here, and I'm learning a lot about the people of Belize! When I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central America."
1. What will some young people in England do after finishing high school?
A. Go to work for money. B. Go to other countries and work as volunteers.
C. Start work in universities. D. Go to university in other countries.
2. Where is Paul living now?
A. In England. B. In China. C. In Belize. D. In America.
3. What is Paul doing with other people in the sea near Belize?
A. Working to save the coral reefs. B. Studying Chinese in a university.
C. Helping do some housework. D. Doing some research in Wales.
4. From the passage, we know that the coral reefs_____.
A. are not as beautiful as before B. will probably be sold for money
C. may die because of the pollution D. cannot live without fish in the sea
5. What does Paul want to do after he finishes his work as a volunteer?
A. Stay there for another year. B. Go back home to start work.
C. Learn about the people at home. D. Travel around Central America.
（二）
??? When Megan Sorbo first spoke about her support for Florida black bears at a public meeting, she was 9. Now 14, this homeschooled student from Florida has helped to protect Florida's natural resources (资源). Several months ago, she asked to cut hunting as a way to save bears. She also asked to protect Split Oak Forest from a road building plan.
??? "Just because kids can't vote (投票) doesn't mean we don't care," she said. "Just because kids aren't doctors or lawyers yet doesn't mean our voices aren't significant."
??? In the matter of Split Oak Forest, Sorbo once wrote to the mayor (市长), saying the road would harm the environment.
??? Though the project went on, the mayor praised her effort. "We like your passion(热情) for the community," he said.
??? Sorbo's mother, Tina Sorbo, believes her daughter's bravery comes from a trip that she took to the forest for a homeschool lesson at age 7. Sorbo saw a hunter who was killing bears. Seeing the animals in pain made her quite upset.
Sorbo has also called on people to use bear-resistant iron bins that will make bears less likely to trouble humans in their homes. "Small things can add up to make something big," she said.
1.Megan Sorbo has offered to help in Florida _____.
A.protect natural resources B.build roads
C.raise bears
2.The underlined word "significant" in the second paragraph means "_____" in Chinese.
A.重要的 B.微小的 C.忽视的
3.The mayor praised Megan Sorbo because _____.
A.she gave the government useful advice B.she was good at protecting the environment
C.she did something for her community actively
4.Megan Sorbo would probably agree that _____.
A.kids should try to go on trips a lot B.kids should do something for the environment
C.kids should learn more knowledge of nature
5.The best title of the passage is "_____".
A.Bears and forests in the community B.A project to protect and forests
C.A teenage girl who about the environment
（三）
??? Thousands of years ago,?Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. There were wolves and bears, many different kinds of deer and large wild cows. There were less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.
??? All this has changed, of course. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to sixty-five million. Three-quarters of Britain is covered with fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that does not have a large wild animal that eats meat. In Scotland there are only 400 wildcats, but these are much smaller than wolves.
??? Some people would like to change things, however! Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this "rewilding".
??? Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more—but wild animals? Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. So far there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests—but soon there might be!
1.What was the population of the UK thousands of years ago?
A. About 25 million. B. Over 65 million.
C. More than 61 million. D. Not more than four million.
2.Why are there fewer birds and small animals in fields in the UK?
A. Because more trees have been planted.
B. Because there are more large wild animals.
C. Because pollution is much worse than before.
D. Because people use new methods of farming.
3.Which paragraph gives opinions from "rewilding" supporters?
A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4.
4.What are some people against?
A. Living closer to nature. B. Planting more and more trees.
C. Helping large wild animals return. D. Building more villages and towns.
5.What's the best title for the text?
A. Making Britain wild again B. A trip to wild Britain
C. An introduction to Britain D. Protecting the environment
（四）
??? Pandas are in danger now. There are some reasons (原因) for this. One is that pandas are losing their homes. People cut down pandas' bamboo forests to make towns and cities. Another is that pandas have few baby pandas. Pandas have another big problem. A new report shows that there isn't much bamboo because of climate (气候) change. Bamboo is almost the only food pandas eat. An adult panda needs around 38 kilograms of bamboo every day.
The study shows that nearly all the bamboo in China's Qinling Mountains may disappear (消失) one day because of climate change. Pandas will have nothing to eat. Scientist Liu Jianguo said that we must help pandas now, "It is difficult, but I think there's still hope, if we start now." Panda lovers feel sad about the bad news. Panda expert (专家) Chang Leng said it is time for the world to wake up and help pandas.
(1).Which isn't the reason for pandas in danger?
A.People cut down many pandas' bamboo forests.
B.Pandas have few babies.
C.People can't save them well.
D.They can't find a lot of food.
(2).People cut down much bamboo to ____ .
A.make towns and cities
B.make bamboo models
C.make bamboo forests
D.make food for people
(3).An adult panda needs about ____ kilograms of bamboo every day.
A.21 B. 28 C.38 D.48
(4).How do panda lovers feel about the bad news?
A.Happy. B.Sad. C.Angry. D.Excited.
(5).What's the main idea (主题) of Paragraph(段落)2?
A.All the bamboo in China's Qinling Mountains disappears.
B.The climate of the world is changing.
C.We should start to protect pandas.
D.Pandas should move to other countries.
（五）
The world uses about a thousand million(百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.
Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater.
While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.
1.How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world?
A. Under 10 million.
B. Only 19 million.
C. About 92 million.
D. Over 700 million.
2.Treating wastewater helps the environment by _______.
A.storing waste in ice and snow
B.letting waste run into oceans
C.keeping waste out of rivers and oceans
D.sending waste to coastal countries
3.What does the underlined word "desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.远洋运输
B.潮汐发电
C.食盐销售
D.海水淡化
4.At present, the technology to process water _______.
A.needs much energy
B. saves much money
C. satisfies everyone
D. causes pollution
5.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.Water should be a human right.
B.The water problem is still serious.
C.Our planet is covered with water.
D.Everyone has enough clean water.
（六）
??? Some of the greatest problems we face today are the destruction (破坏) of our environment. Brown clouds, polluted water, endangered wild animals...these problems seem so huge.
??? So my family do what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don’t have to drive.
??? But does it do any good? When I am the only one in line at the market with cloth bags, am I doing any good?
??? Does my walking to stores make any real difference to the world?
??? I recently learned something about flamingos (火烈鸟) which like to get together in groups of a thousand or more. Every year, when the time comes for migration (迁), a few of them first take off from the lake. But none of the others seem to notice, so the small group returns. However, the next day they try again. This time a few more fly along with them, but most of them still pay no attention, so they return again. They try for several times. Every time a few more birds join in but since the thousands of others still take no notice, the great migration plan is once more stopped.
??? Then one day something changes. The same small group of birds once again starts flying and a small number more join in just as before, then more. Finally, they all take flight and the migration really begins. What a spectacular (壮观的) sight it must be — thousands of flamingos taking off into the sky at once!
??? A few can make a difference. Even if you’re the one to take the first step, and continue trying, others will someday take notice and together we will solve even our greatest problems.
1.Where would you most probably read this passage?
A.A guidebook.
B.A movie poster.
C.A personal blog(博客).
D.A science magazine.
2.Why does the writer use cloth bags in stores?
A.Because he wants to do some good to the environment.
B.Because he thinks plastic bags are more expensive.
C.Because there are only cloth bags in stores.
D.Because all the people use cloth bags in stores.
3.Why does the small group of flamingos return to the lake?
A.Because they are very tired.
B.Because they can’t find food in other places.
C.Because they don’t know where to go.
D.Because the others don’t fly along with them.
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The writer and his family never use cloth bags.
B.Flamingos like to get together in groups of a thousand or more.
C.Brown clouds and polluted water are the only problems we face today.
D.Flamingos never travel to other places every year.
5.What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this article?
A.To show that the writer loves to see the migration of flamingos.
B.To tell readers to continue trying and it can make a difference.
C.To introduce a special kind of flamingos to readers.
D.To show that there're many problems in the world.
答案以及解析
（一）
答案：1-5BCACD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers." 可知一些年轻人去其他国家做志愿者,故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的but now he's living in Belize可知,他现在住在伯利兹,故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"I'm working with other people here to save the coral reefs in the sea near Belize." 可知他和其他人在努力拯救珊瑚礁, 故选A项。
4.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is polluted badly, the coral will die."可知,如果海水污染严重,这些珊瑚礁会死掉, 故选C项。
5.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"When I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central America."可知,在完成工作之后,他想在伯利兹和中美洲旅行,故选D项。
（二）
答案：1-5 AACBC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"this homeschooled student from Florida has helped to protect Florida's natural resources(资源)"可知答案为A。
2.词义猜测题。根据上下文可知Megan Sorbo积极保护社区的自然资源和环境, 由此可推断, 她说的是"小孩不能投票, 但不代表我们不关心。小孩不是医生或者律师, 但不代表我们的意见不重要"。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中市长说的话"We like your passion (热情) for the community"可推知, 市长表扬Megan Sorbo是因为她积极为社区做事。故选C。
4.推理判断题。通读全文, 特别是最后一段的内容可知, Megan Sorbo很可能会同意孩子们应该为保护环境做点事情。故选B。
5.标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了女孩Megan Sorbo积极保护社区自然资源和环境的故事。故C项最适合作本文的标题。
（三）
答案：1-5 DDCCA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Thousands of years ago...There were less than four million people"可知答案为D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before"可知答案为D。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段的描述可知，该段列举的是支持"再野生化"的人的观点，故答案为C。
4.推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans... many people enjoy"可推断，一些人反对"帮助大型野生动物回归"，故答案为C。
5.标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了英国野生动物数量减少的现状，以及人们对"再野生化"的不同观点。由此可知，A项最适合作本文的标题。
（四）
答案：(1) C (2) A (3) C (4) B (5) C
解析：(1).细节理解题。根据第一段提到的三个原因可知,C项不是熊猫处于危险中的原因。
(2).细节理解题。根据第一段中的 "People cut down pandas' bamboo forests to make towns and cities"可知答案。
(3).细节理解题。根据第一段中的 "An adult panda needs around 38 kilograms of bamboo every day"可知答案。
(4).根据第二段中的 "Panda lovers feel sad about the bad news"可知答案。
(5).段落大意题。通读第二段尤其是 "we must help pandas now"可知,本段主要呼吁人们保护熊猫。
（五）
答案：1-5 DCDAB
解析： 1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water"可知答案为D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans"可知答案 为C。
3.词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in"可知，98%的水含盐量高，无法饮用，因此"海水淡化"公司应运而生，故答案为D。
4.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"But the technology they use requires a lot of energy"可知答案为A。
5.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone"可推断，水资源问题的形势仍然很严峻，故答案为B。
（六）
答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.D; 4.B; 5.B
解析：1.文章出处题。通读文章可知,作者在本文介绍了自己的一些感受,结合选项可知,文章最有可能是一篇私人博客。
2.细节理解题。根据第一、二段的内容可知,使用布袋是为了保护环境。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的"But none of the others seem to notice, so the small group returns"可知,那一小群火烈鸟飞回来是因为其他的火烈鸟没有和它们一起迁徙。
4.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知答案。
5.写作目的题。根据文章最后一段可知,作者写这篇文章是想告诉人们要继续努力保护环境,我们的努力会产生影响。