2021学年中考英语二轮题型复习：阅读理解解题技巧 课件（34张PPT）

中考英语阅读理解

解题技巧（黄石地区）
中考题型分布
能力
题型
题号
分值
听
一、听力
1-25题
25分
读
二、单选
26-35题
10分
三、完形填空
36-45题
10分
四、阅读理解
46-55题
20分
短文还原
56-60题
10分
任务型阅读
61-65题
10分
写
五、选词填空
66-75题
10分
说
六、情景反应
76-80题
5分
写
七、完成句子
81-85题
10分
八、写作
　
10分
阅读理解40分，占了总分的1/3，决定了英语的成败。
得阅读者得英语天下
选择性阅读—题型设计
细节理解题( To look for details)
推理判断题（ To infer a conclusion)
猜测词义( To guess the meaning)
理解主旨大意（ To find out the main idea)
确定文章的标题（to comfire the best title)

2019-2020年黄石中考 阅读理解考点分布
年份
数量
细节理解
推理判断
词义猜测
主旨概括
文章标题
2019年
15个
11
1
1
1
1
2020年
15个
10
3
1
0
1
2021年四月调考
10个
1
2
6
1
1.细节理解题
解题技巧：
(1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。
(2)变通理解，间接转述找答案。
(3)多点归纳，综合事实找答案。
细节理解和细节判断
细节题常见的命题形式：
Which of the following?is True/Not True?
In the passage, which of the following is mentioned?
All of the following statements are true except…
Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.
用Where, how, who, why, how long等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。
Material
The first thing you have to do is to collect items that can be recycled. Only certain
materials can be recycled. These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic.
Daily things
Can you think of everyday items made of these materials? Soda cans are good example. They are made out of metal. Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper. So are cereal boxes. Some bottles of juice are made out of glass. Bags and yogurt containers are made out of plastic. There are many things that can be recycled.
Loop
These things are usually stamped with the recycling loop. It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular( 三角形) circle. This shows that cycle(循环) continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else.
Process
Let’s go back to the process of recycling. ①The items are put in a recycling bin.②A truck carries the items to a recycling plant.③ The materials are separated and squashed（被压扁成） into square cubes. ④ Companies buy and turn them into new products.
2019年A篇阅读 A
I'm sure you all know how important recycling is. Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things. It sounds like magic. But it's actually very scientific.
47. Which material is not mentioned in the passage?
A. Rubber. B. Metal C. Glass. D. Plastic.
48. You can put your old things into a recycling bin except _______.
A. soda cans B. magazines C. cereal boxes D. all bottles
典例：2020年A篇阅读
Book（预定） Early
If you don’t book early, the programs may become fully booked. Some volunteer programs limit the number of the volunteers. We suggest booking at least one week in advance.
26. If you don’t book the program early, it may _______.
A. be changed B. be careful
C. be put off D. become fully booked
27. The writer suggests booking at least ______ in advance.
A. one week B. two weeks
C. three weeks D. four weeks
2.猜测词义题
解题技巧：
1、通过因果关系猜测词义；
2、通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词；
3、通过构词法猜测词义；
4、通过定义或释义说明来推测词义；
5、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。
猜测词义题
常见命题形式如下：
1）、The word “…” in the passage probably means_________.
2）、What does the word “…”mean______.
3）、The underlined(划线的) word means_________
4）、The close meaning of the underlined word“…”is ___in English .
5）、The word “…”refers to ________
58. The underline word “observation” in Paragraph 2 means _____ . （2019中考C篇）
A. 学习 B. 观察 C. 描述 D. 庆祝

The far side of the moon is the side that we can not see. We don’t know much about it.This landing is of great importance.The far side of the moon is an ideal place for scientific reasearch. It may have unique minerals and other resources. Scientists can make clearer observations of deep space from here.
典例：2019年中考题
派生构词法：observe v. 观察 observation n. 观察
通过解释猜测词义
典例：2020年中考题
37. The underline word “reflect” in Paragraph 2 means _____ . （2020中考C篇）
A. 吸收 B. 反射 C. 照耀 D. 覆盖

China is preparing to put a man-made moon in the sky above Chengdu by 2020. It will reflect sunlight back onto the earth.
B
通过描述猜测词义
2021黄石四月调考B篇阅读
The program’s interface(界面) isn’t very attractive so many people don’t like it when they first see it.

53. The underline word “attractive”means _____ in Chinese.
A. 吸引人的 B. 流行的 C.干净的 D. 便宜的
通过解释来猜测词义
3.理解主旨大意 和 文章的标题
解题技巧：
1．抓住主题句，开头或结尾段落
2．抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心
主旨题常见的命题形式：
(1) What’s the main idea of the passage ?
(2) This passage is mainly about…….
(3) The author's purpose in writing this text is…….
(4) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
(5) What’s the topic of the text?
55. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Ordinary people are more trustworthy.
B. Handsome men must be good men.
C. Inner beauty is more important than appearance.
D. Others' opinions are always correct.
Once upon a time, a wealthy old man lived alone in a big house. He was growing weaker
day Toy day and was unable to take care of himself, so he decided to hire（雇佣） a nurse to help
with housework and take care of him.
One day, the old man interviewed two nurses —Anthony and Peter. Anthony happened to
be a handsome young man, while Peter looked quite ordinary (普通的). The old man asked
Anthony to make tea for him. After Anthony left, the old man turned to Peter and said,
“Anthony has given me a very bad account（描述） of you. He said you are rude(粗鲁的) and
untrustwarthy (信赖的) . Is this correct? ”
Peter thought for a minute and said, “If Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be
something wrong with me. I shoutd take some time to change these things.”
The old man was very impressed by Peter’s character. Meanwhile, Anthony returned with
a cup of tea for the old man, The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him. He then turned
to Anthony and told him, “Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone. What do you
think ahout this? ” After hearing this, Anthony became angry and started cursing(咒骂).
In the end, the old man hired Peter. Altbough Peter looked quite ordinary, he had impressive inner(内在的) beauty.
2019年中考B篇阅读
典例：2020年中考A篇
30. Who may be interested in this passage? (2020年A篇阅读）
A. A peace lover B. A panda lover
C. A music lover D. A panda keeper
35. What can be the best title for this passage? （2020年B篇阅读）
A . How to protect plants B. some harmful plants
C. How to grow plant D. Some useful plants
B
D
4.推理判断题
解题技巧：
基于原文进行判断，一般细节不能选
文中没有出现的细节，不能跳出文章做推断

推理判断题
1、推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：
We can infer（推断） from the passage that _______
The writer suggest that _______
From the passage, we can learn that _______
We may conclude（总结） from the passage that _______
From the passage, it can be inferred that _______
典例：（2020年中考C篇阅读）
39. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The man-made moon will be as bright as the natural one.
B. The man-made moon will work similarly to the natural one.
C. The man-made moon has already lit up the city of Chengdu.
D. The man-made moonlight will cover the whole china.
40. Which part of a newspaper may this passage be from?
A. Culture B. Sports C. Education D. Science
C篇
There are countless myths（神话）to explain how the world came to have a moon to bring light to the night time. But now there is a plan for a man-made moon. It will give us far more light than the natural Moon.
China is preparing to put a man-made moon in the sky above Chengdu by 2020. It will reflect sunlight back on to the Earth. If it succeeds, three more such objects will be sent out in 2022, according to Wu Chunfeng, a space scientist. Wu said it would be similar to how we get moonlight, but he predicted that the man-made moon would have eight times the brightness of the real one. “This is because the object will be about 500 kilometers above the Earth. That will make it a lot closer to us than the Moon, which is over 380,000 kilometers away,” Wu added
If the plan works, the man-made moon will save a lot of power. Scientists predict that Chengdu could save around 1.2 billion yuan in electricity every year if a new moon lit up 50 square kilometers of the city. And in 2022, four man-made moons can take turns to work as they will not always be in the best position（位置）relative to the Sun. Together, they can give light to an area of up to 6, 400 square kilometers on the Earth for 24hours. That means its brightness will be seen in most areas in China, reducing the need for streetlights.
典例：（2020年中考C篇阅读）
（ ）39. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The man-made moon will be as bright as the natural one.
B. The man-made moon will work similarly to the natural one.
C. The man-made moon has already lit up the city of Chengdu.
D. The man-made moonlight will cover the whole china.
（ ）40. Which part of a newspaper may this passage be from?
A. Culture B. Sports C. Education D. Science
B
D
阅读理解答题步骤
1、快速浏览。
2、带着问题，找答案（找依据、划线）
3、仔细斟酌不确定的答案。
4、核对。（总体把握）
阅读理解——
五选五
特点：一个萝卜一个坑。
如果选错，那必定是最低扣4分。
失分容易得分也易。
1.先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。『名词 、代词(it, them, he, this, that)、 数词，连词(but, and, also, )、动词 』
2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、结构衔接、逻辑衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。
3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。
4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。
How to find clues in reading
2020年中考五选五
Once upon a time, there was a farmer living in the State of Song. He grew crops（庄稼）in a big field very hard every day. There stood a big tree stump（树桩）in the field. One day, he was working in the field when he saw a rabbit run into the stump, break its neck and die accidentally（意外地）.
41. _____________That night he thought: “There is no need for me to work so hard every day. All I have to do is wait by the tree stump and pick up the rabbit that runs into it.” So from then on he stopped farming, and just sat by the tree stump waiting for another rabbit to come and run into it. 42. _____________Crops died and his field became waste gradually（逐渐地）. But never did he see another rabbit run into the tree stump.
A. Day in and day out, he waited and waited.
B. We should stop daydreaming and get to something practical.
C. People in the village laughed at him for his foolish behavior.
D. Happily, the farmer took the rabbit home and cooked a delicious meal for himself.
E. As the English saying goes, “no pains, no gains.”
D
A
词汇衔接
逻辑衔接
43. _____________They thought he took the accident for the inevitable（必然的）
In the story, this farmer wanted to live a better life by hoping for having unexpected good luck, but he was too lazy and foolish. 44. _____________No one can gain anything if he doesn’t work hard.
Nowadays, people use the phrase “waiting for rabbits by a tree stump” to describe those who just wait and dream of reaping（收获）without sowing. 45. _____________We should also keep in mind that it is a waste of time waiting for something that only happens accidentally in our life. Just come down to earth.
A. Day in and day out, he waited and waited.
B. We should stop daydreaming and get to something practical.
C. People in the village laughed at him for his foolish behavior.
D. Happily, the farmer took the rabbit home and cooked a delicious meal for himself.
E. As the English saying goes, “no pains, no gains.”
C
B
E
词汇衔接
词汇衔接
结构衔接
Last week I visited my hometown. It was a small village before I left there when I was only 5 years old.
I went there by train. My uncle was waiting for me when I reached the station. ____1______ When I arrived, my aunt was cooking and my two cousins were playing.
It was a hot day, so I took a shower first. The cold water made me feel good. Then we had lunch together._______2__________ And it was very good for my health.
In the evening,I walked to the farm with my little cousin. I watered the crops for the first time in my life. ________3__________ .But soon I found a snake under my feet. I was very afraid and shouted to my cousin. He told me not to be afraid. He said this kind of snake would not hurt people.____________4_______________.
Trough this trip, I find farmers are very nice. _________5______________ We should respect them and their work.
A. The food was delicious.
B. Then he took me to his house.
C. But it was necessary to keep away from it.
D. And they work really hard.
E. I felt very happy when I touched them.
Exercise
B
A
E
C
D
注意代词
加油
I
II
III
Reading is a game.
Find the clues that can help us.
Practice makes perfect.
I believe in myself.
I believe no pains, no gains.
I believe I can conquer（征服） reading through practice.
I believe
Thank you for your attention!
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