外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit 5 A delicate world it 作形式宾语课件(共20张ppt)
文档属性
| 名称 | 外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit 5 A delicate world it 作形式宾语课件(共20张ppt) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 3.0MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-05-13 23:01:19 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
It as an
empty object
it 作形式宾语
it 作形式宾语时， 可以代替三种形式：不定式（短语）、
动名词（短语）和宾语从句。
※it 作形式宾语时， 需具备两个条件：
真正的宾主是不定式、动名词或从句。
有宾语补足语
具备了这两个条件， 形式宾语it一定要用。
1 it 代替不定式（短语）
当不定式（短语）在复合宾语结构中作某些动词（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）的宾语时。
I find it pleasant to work with him.
They felt it my honor to be invited to speak here.
2 it 代替动名词（短语）
这只限于少数句型， 在多数情况下用不定式时更多一些。
The professor considers it no good reading without understanding.
Do you consider it any good trying again?
He found it useless(no use) arguing with him.
3 it 代替宾语从句
1）某些表示“喜，怒，哀，乐”的动词， 如like, enjoy, love, hate, appreciate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句，而是先用it作形式宾语， 再把真正的宾语从句放在后面。
I don`t like it that he`s so lazy.
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.
We really appreciated it when she offered to help .
that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语， 而是先用it作形式宾语， 再把真正的宾语从句放在后面。常见于某些动词加介词的短语中， 如depend on , rely on , see to, stick to, answer for,等。
You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
Would you see to it that she gets home early?
She insisted on it that she was innocent.
3)由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中， 宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时， 须借用it.
I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it .
We owe it to you that there wasn`t a serious accident.
I took it for granted that they were not coming.
4)当从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词（如think,make, find等）的宾语时。
They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
5) 动词+it+过去分词+从句
He made it known to everyone that he was right.
1 I consider it no use ___________(quarrel) with him about it .
2 I don`t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
3 Will you see to ________ that the luggage is brought back?
4 I would appreciate _______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
5 The Internet makes it possible _________(share ) the latest news.
6 I think _______ my duty to help her.
7 We all thought it a pity __________ the conference should have been cancelled.
8 They took ________ for granted that I would be no good at it .
quarreling
it
it
it
to share
it
that
it
直击高考
1 孩子们觉得和父母在一起是安全和幸福的。
Children feel it safe and happy to be with their parents.
2 我发现很难与她相处。
I find it hard to get along with her.
3 现代技术使得在太空飞行成为可能。
Modern technology has made it possible to fly in space.
4 大雨使我们更难按时完成工作。
The heavy rain made it more difficult for us to finish the work on time.
5 我们认为向他解释清楚发生了什么事没有用处。
We thought it no use explaining to him what happened.
translation
1 What does “it” refer to in sentences (a) and (c)?
2 What is the difference between the sentences in each group?
No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
No visitor would think that the island being a UNESCO World Heritage Site is surprising.
Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island.
Experts felt to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island was necessary.
1 “It” in sentence (a) refers to “the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site”. “It” in sentence (c) refers to “to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island”.
2 When the object of a sentence is a that-clause (b) or an infinitive (d), we sometimes use “it” as an empty object and put the real object later to keep balance. For example, sentence (a) uses “it” as the empty object of “think”, referring to the real object: “the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site”. Sentence (b) uses that-clause as the object of “think”.
many people think it a good idea to keep this turtle as a pet
believe it no big issue to release them into the wild
people have found it a threat to other species to release these turtles into the wild
Experts consider it important for owners to keep their pets in an enclosed area
Rewrite the underlined parts using it as an empty object.
I think it a breakthrough to transform a desert into a forest…
Look at the pictures of the Saihanba National Forest Park and describe its changes using it as an empty object where appropriate.
1960s
present day
nouns/adjectives
breakthrough
impossible
likely
unrealistic
…
to do /that
investigate
plant trees
transform
…
Ecosystems
Producers absorb water and dissolved nutrients from the soil. They also make their own food by absorbing light from the sun
Primary consumers rely on vegetation to provide energy. They feed on green plants.
Secondary consumers prey on primary consumers as well as eating other animal matter.
Decomposers break down dead animals and vegetable matter into nutrients. The dissolved chemicals are then released back into the food chain, to be used by producers.
What does the diagram show?
2. What are the relationships between the living things?
The living things are closely connected with each other by the food they eat.
Secondary consumers prey on primary consumers,
Primary consumers feed on producers,
and producers absorb light from the sun,
and water and dissolved nutrients from the soil, which are provided by decomposers.
The diagram shows a food chain – the connection between the living things.
Look at the diagram and answer the questions.
Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words and expressions in activity 5.
In a woodland ecosystem, trees and other plants are producers. They 1___________ water, and take in nutrients from the soil and energy from the sun. Insects are an example of a primary consumer. They 2_________ the producers to provide food for them, and are 3________ by secondary consumers: small mammals and birds. They 4_____________ the primary consumers. Fungi and bacteria are decomposers. They 5_____________ animal waste and the remains of living things. The chemicals these decomposers 6__________ fertilise the soil and give the plants the nutrients they need to grow.
absorb
rely on
fed on
prey on
break down
release
One of the oldest species in the ecosystem, the honey bee has been in existence for millions of years.
A honey bee can fly as fast as 24 kilometres per hour and its wings can beat 200 times per second.
In just one journey to collect pollen and nectar , one single honey bee can pollinate as many as 50 to 100 flowers.
Did You Know?
Listen to the conversation and choose the true statements .
Bees are very important to our food supply because they provide honey.
The bee population is declining.
Without bees, humans would die out.
All human crops depend on bees for pollination.
If bees became extinct, other insects could pollinate enough crops.
Humans are responsible for the decline in the bee population.
Listen again and complete the flow chart.
Pesticides and climate change
declining very quickly
have fallen by 17%
be unable to reproduce
Other insects
bees are responsible for pollinating about 70%
would die out
Complete the boxes with the expressions from the conversation.
You must be kidding!
I don’t believe it!
Are you sure about …?
It’s a fact!
Don’t forget that…
Check it out for yourself…
According to statistics…
Thank you!
empty object
it 作形式宾语
it 作形式宾语时， 可以代替三种形式：不定式（短语）、
动名词（短语）和宾语从句。
※it 作形式宾语时， 需具备两个条件：
真正的宾主是不定式、动名词或从句。
有宾语补足语
具备了这两个条件， 形式宾语it一定要用。
1 it 代替不定式（短语）
当不定式（短语）在复合宾语结构中作某些动词（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）的宾语时。
I find it pleasant to work with him.
They felt it my honor to be invited to speak here.
2 it 代替动名词（短语）
这只限于少数句型， 在多数情况下用不定式时更多一些。
The professor considers it no good reading without understanding.
Do you consider it any good trying again?
He found it useless(no use) arguing with him.
3 it 代替宾语从句
1）某些表示“喜，怒，哀，乐”的动词， 如like, enjoy, love, hate, appreciate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句，而是先用it作形式宾语， 再把真正的宾语从句放在后面。
I don`t like it that he`s so lazy.
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.
We really appreciated it when she offered to help .
that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语， 而是先用it作形式宾语， 再把真正的宾语从句放在后面。常见于某些动词加介词的短语中， 如depend on , rely on , see to, stick to, answer for,等。
You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
Would you see to it that she gets home early?
She insisted on it that she was innocent.
3)由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中， 宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时， 须借用it.
I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it .
We owe it to you that there wasn`t a serious accident.
I took it for granted that they were not coming.
4)当从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词（如think,make, find等）的宾语时。
They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
5) 动词+it+过去分词+从句
He made it known to everyone that he was right.
1 I consider it no use ___________(quarrel) with him about it .
2 I don`t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
3 Will you see to ________ that the luggage is brought back?
4 I would appreciate _______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
5 The Internet makes it possible _________(share ) the latest news.
6 I think _______ my duty to help her.
7 We all thought it a pity __________ the conference should have been cancelled.
8 They took ________ for granted that I would be no good at it .
quarreling
it
it
it
to share
it
that
it
直击高考
1 孩子们觉得和父母在一起是安全和幸福的。
Children feel it safe and happy to be with their parents.
2 我发现很难与她相处。
I find it hard to get along with her.
3 现代技术使得在太空飞行成为可能。
Modern technology has made it possible to fly in space.
4 大雨使我们更难按时完成工作。
The heavy rain made it more difficult for us to finish the work on time.
5 我们认为向他解释清楚发生了什么事没有用处。
We thought it no use explaining to him what happened.
translation
1 What does “it” refer to in sentences (a) and (c)?
2 What is the difference between the sentences in each group?
No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
No visitor would think that the island being a UNESCO World Heritage Site is surprising.
Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island.
Experts felt to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island was necessary.
1 “It” in sentence (a) refers to “the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site”. “It” in sentence (c) refers to “to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island”.
2 When the object of a sentence is a that-clause (b) or an infinitive (d), we sometimes use “it” as an empty object and put the real object later to keep balance. For example, sentence (a) uses “it” as the empty object of “think”, referring to the real object: “the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site”. Sentence (b) uses that-clause as the object of “think”.
many people think it a good idea to keep this turtle as a pet
believe it no big issue to release them into the wild
people have found it a threat to other species to release these turtles into the wild
Experts consider it important for owners to keep their pets in an enclosed area
Rewrite the underlined parts using it as an empty object.
I think it a breakthrough to transform a desert into a forest…
Look at the pictures of the Saihanba National Forest Park and describe its changes using it as an empty object where appropriate.
1960s
present day
nouns/adjectives
breakthrough
impossible
likely
unrealistic
…
to do /that
investigate
plant trees
transform
…
Ecosystems
Producers absorb water and dissolved nutrients from the soil. They also make their own food by absorbing light from the sun
Primary consumers rely on vegetation to provide energy. They feed on green plants.
Secondary consumers prey on primary consumers as well as eating other animal matter.
Decomposers break down dead animals and vegetable matter into nutrients. The dissolved chemicals are then released back into the food chain, to be used by producers.
What does the diagram show?
2. What are the relationships between the living things?
The living things are closely connected with each other by the food they eat.
Secondary consumers prey on primary consumers,
Primary consumers feed on producers,
and producers absorb light from the sun,
and water and dissolved nutrients from the soil, which are provided by decomposers.
The diagram shows a food chain – the connection between the living things.
Look at the diagram and answer the questions.
Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words and expressions in activity 5.
In a woodland ecosystem, trees and other plants are producers. They 1___________ water, and take in nutrients from the soil and energy from the sun. Insects are an example of a primary consumer. They 2_________ the producers to provide food for them, and are 3________ by secondary consumers: small mammals and birds. They 4_____________ the primary consumers. Fungi and bacteria are decomposers. They 5_____________ animal waste and the remains of living things. The chemicals these decomposers 6__________ fertilise the soil and give the plants the nutrients they need to grow.
absorb
rely on
fed on
prey on
break down
release
One of the oldest species in the ecosystem, the honey bee has been in existence for millions of years.
A honey bee can fly as fast as 24 kilometres per hour and its wings can beat 200 times per second.
In just one journey to collect pollen and nectar , one single honey bee can pollinate as many as 50 to 100 flowers.
Did You Know?
Listen to the conversation and choose the true statements .
Bees are very important to our food supply because they provide honey.
The bee population is declining.
Without bees, humans would die out.
All human crops depend on bees for pollination.
If bees became extinct, other insects could pollinate enough crops.
Humans are responsible for the decline in the bee population.
Listen again and complete the flow chart.
Pesticides and climate change
declining very quickly
have fallen by 17%
be unable to reproduce
Other insects
bees are responsible for pollinating about 70%
would die out
Complete the boxes with the expressions from the conversation.
You must be kidding!
I don’t believe it!
Are you sure about …?
It’s a fact!
Don’t forget that…
Check it out for yourself…
According to statistics…
Thank you!