定语从句讲与练
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定语从句
【知识点链接】定语从句
定语从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句，其作用相当于形容词。
高考重点要求：
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别和结构特点。
关系代词who, which, that, whose，whom引导定语从句时的使用特点。
关系副词when, where, why 引导定语从句时的使用特点。
as引导定语从句的使用。
【引】The girl（ who is wearing a red coat ）is beautiful.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
先行词：antecedent 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：relative words 引导定语从句的词
分类：关系代词 关系副词
作用：1）连接主句 2）代词先行词 3）引出从句，并且在从句中作成份
关系代词：关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
指人who（主语或宾语）whom（宾语）that（主语或宾语）whose（所有格）
指物 which（主语或宾语）that（主语或宾语）whose（所有格）
例如：The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.（who为subject）
Harry is the boy whose mother is our maths teacher.（所有格，谁的,做定语）
Science is a subject （which/that I） know little about.（介词about放在从句后，which/that做about的宾语，可省略）
We thought you were a person from whom we could expect good decisions.（做宾语，介词后只能用whom，不能用that，且介词在前面时，whom不可省）
课堂巩固练习：
(C )1.Is there any other reader wants to renew this book (who做主语)
A.whom B.which C.who D.whose
(D)2. This is the job they laughed.(laugh at sth)
A.which B.that C.at that D. at which
(B)3.Who was the old woman at yesterday's meeting (that或whom做定语，可省略)
A. we saw her B. we saw C. we saw whom D. she was seen
(B)4.All is needed is a supply of oil.(先行词为all，只能用that，从句中is needed缺主语)
A.which B.that C.what D.the thing
(B)5.The woman my brother spoke just now is my teacher.
A. who B. to whom C. to who D. whom
(C)6.This book is for the students native language is not English.
A. that B. of whom C. whose D. who's
(A)7.This is the factory they visited the other day.
A. that B. where C. to which D. what
(B)8.Are you the man bicycle was stolen
A. who is B. whose C. his D. which
(C)9.He is the man we should all learn from.
A. whose B. which C. whom D. what
关系副词：关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。where（地点）when（时间）why（原因）
练一练：（填入合适的关系副词）
1.Do you remember the day when we left you
2.Is Shanghai the city where he was born
3.Mike want to work in a country where there’re a lot of forests.
4.I don’t know the reason why the house is so dirty.
5.This is not a place where bad behavior can be tolerated.
6.I often think of the moment when I first saw her.
[归纳]
1）when通常用在day，moment，time，season，year，occasion…之后来引导定语从句，充当时间状语
2）where通常用在place，house，city，coutry，home，world,situation,point…之后来引导定语从句，充当地点状语
3）why通常用在reason后引导定语从句，充当原因状语
Q：是否看到day等词就用when，看到place等词就用where？
A）This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
This is the mountain village which I visited last year.
B）I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
I'll never forget the days which I spent in the countryside.
如何判断关系代词与关系副词？
方法一：取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，用关系代词；而不及物动词则用关系副词。
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
*when=at/in/on/during which where=in/on/at which why=for which
例：Do you remember the day when we joined the club？
Do you remember the day on which we join the club？
This is the reason why/for which my parents got home earlier.
The study is the place where/in which I often have talks with my father.
课堂巩固练习：
(A)1. Let me think of a proper situation this idiom can be used.(situation,用where=in which)
A. where B. that C. which D. for which
(A)2.He makes good use of the time he can spare.(注意区分关系代词与关系副词)
A. that B. in which C. in that D. when
(A)3.They went to see their father during those days he stayed in hospital.
A. when B. which C. that D. on that
(C)4.This is the factory his brother worked ten years ago.
A. which B. that C. in which D. when
(B)5.Mathilde would never forget the night she borrowed a necklace.
A. which B. when C. why D. then
(C)6.This is the reason he is leaving now.
A.in which B.which C.why D.what
(D)7.We are living in an age many things are done on computer.
A.which B.that C.where D.when
非限制性定语从句
I have a sister who works in a bank.
限制性定语从句（我有一个在银行工作的姐姐。）
I have a sister, who works in a bank.
非限制性定语从句（我有一个姐姐，在银行工作。）
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
从句与先行词的关系 从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。 从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整
标 点 从句和主句之间不用逗号分开 从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开
关系代词 指人who (that) whom指物which (that)人和物的whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去 指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物which人和物的whose关系代词一般不可省
修饰 从句只修饰一个名词或代词 可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句
翻译 定语从句译在被修饰词的前面 定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子
As引导的定语从句
(1)as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限制性定语从句,并在从句中作定语、表语或状语,构成the same…as,such…as等结构。例如:
I like the same book as you do.
I want to do it in the same way as you did.
(2)as引导非限制性定语从句.as在定语从句中作主语,表语或宾语,这个定语从句说明整个句子,它可以放在主句之前。例如:
As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.
特别注意关系代词that的用法
1）不用that的情况
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a)在there be 句型中
There’re many things that we can do to help the poor.
b) 先行词为anything, nothing,something,none等不定代词时。
We should do everything that is good for our studies.
c)the one, all, much, few, any, little,much等作先行词时
All that needed is the supply of water.
d)先行词被the only, the very修饰时
This is the very book that I want.
e)先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时
This is the first place that I want to visit.
f)先行词既有人，又有物时。
We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.
g)两个定语从句中一个已用which，另一个用that
He built up a factory which produced things that I had never seen before.
课堂巩固练习
1. I, ______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am
2. Do you know the man ______ just now
A. to who I nodded B. I nodded to C. whom I nodded D. Whom I nodded to him.
3. I can tell you ______ he told me last week.
A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all that
4. This is the biggest lab ______ we have ever built in our university.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
5. He has left Beijing, ______ a meeting is to be held.
A. when B. where C. as D. which
6.Is it in that factory ______ “Red Flag” cars are made
A. in which B. where C. that D. which
7.I have bought the same dress ______ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. than
8. ______ can be seen from his skin,He must be from Africa.
A. that B. as C. it D. what
9. The reason ______ he didn’t come was ______ he was injured.
A. that, because B. why, that C. why, because D. that, that
10.The old man has two sons, ______ are lawyers.
A. both of them B. both of who C. both of whom D. both of they
高考试题实战演练
例1、If a shop has chairs ____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
答案为D
【解析】 关系副词where 连接定语从句，其中where= in/ on which。
例2、We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, ________ other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
答案为C。
【解析】 这是一个定语从句，先行词是places，表示地点，非限定性定语从句中缺少状语，因此用where来引导定语从句，故要填where。这句话的意思是我们被带领着参观了这座城市的学校、博物馆和其他一些游人很少去的地方。
例3、Alec asked the policeman _______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom
答案为C。
【解析】 这是一个定语从句，the policeman是先行词。work是不及物动词，“work with sb.”意为“与某人共事”，所以定语从句应为with whom he worked。这句话的意思是无论何时发生事故时，Alec要求与他一起工作的警察与他联系。
例4、Is this the reason _______at the meeting for his carelessness in his work
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
答案为A。
【解析】 the reason后接定语从句。因为先行词the reason作explained的宾语，用that或which引导定语从句在从句中作宾语时省略。这句话的意思是这就是他在会议上对他为什么在工作上粗心大意的理由所作的解释吗
例5、The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where
答案为C。
【解析】 when引导定语从句(the hours的定语)，修饰先行词the hours,when在从句中作状语。这句话的意思是这部电影使我回忆起我在那偏远的村庄得到无微不至的照顾的时光。
例6、Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ________leading actor is world-famous
A. its B. it's C. whose D. which
答案选C。
【解析】 这是一个定语从句，因为先行词the film “Titanic”和leading actors是所属关系，所以要填写whose。
例7、Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ________ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
答案为B。
【解析】 这是一个非限制性定语从句。根据句意可知之中的是花瓶的价格。在定语从句中表示“谁的”，可以这样表达，如：I live in the room whose windows face south(名词前没有冠词，用whose)=I live in the room the windows of which face south(如果名词前有冠词就用of which)。
例8、Carol said the work would be done by October, ________personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
答案选D。
【解析】 在这个非限制性定语从句中，关系代词which代替Carol所说的话。这句话的意思是“Carol说工作将在十月完成，我个人对此表示怀疑。”
例9、It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _____ for the first time in years their team won World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when
答案为D。
【解析】 从从句的意思：“这是他们多年来第一次赢得世界杯，”可推知，从句是对表示时间的先行词加以说明，先行词是主句中表示时间的名词an exciting moment this year，而非整个句子，故选D。
例10、John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _____ was true.
A. he B. this C. which D. who
答案为C。
【解析】 该非限制性定语从句缺少主语，A、B两项不能用作关系代词，D项只能指代人，而该从句需要关系代词指代主句所说的事实用which。
[江苏高考阅读真题]
A
Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of current answers. That question is “What’s your name ” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.
Have you ever wondered about people’s names Where do they come from What do they mean
People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.
Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter —a person who made pots and pans.
The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
B 1. Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover
A. Places where people lived. B. People’s characters.
C. Talents that people possessed. D. People’s occupations.
C 2. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______.
A. owned or drove a cart B. made things with metals
C. made kitchen tools or contains D. built houses and furniture
D 3. Suppose and English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______.
A. Beatrice Smith B. Leonard Carter
C. George Longstreet D. Donald Greenwood
A 4. The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s _____.
A. later generations B. friends and relatives
C. colleagues and partners D. later sponsors
B
It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groups believe wolves should be killed. Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderndss(荒野).
For Killing Wolves
In Alaska，the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago，because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport . However,1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur．So the woIf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.
A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food.Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life.When the deer can’t find enough food,they die.
If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物)will disappear someday. And the wolves will,too. So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology.If we killed more wolves，we would save them and their prey from dying out.We’d also save some farm animals.
In another northern state,wolves attack cows and chickens for food.Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem．They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small woIf population．
Against Killing Wolves
If you had lived long ago，you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf. According to most stories, hungry wolves often kill people for food. Even today,the stories of the“big bad woIf'＂will not disappear.
But the fact is wolves are afraid of people,and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell.When wolves eat other animals，they usually kill the very young．or the sick and injured .The strongest survive .No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had lived．And has always been a law of nature
Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves，we say it is nonsense!Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance．The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large,and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life．
The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used bv people．Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs．the wolves can’t always find enough food .So they travel to the nearest source,which is often a farm．Then there is danger．The“big bad wolf”has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next．
D 5．According to the passage，some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCET that ．
A．there are too many wolves B．they kill large numbers deer
C．they attack cows and chickens for food D．they destroy the wilderness plant life
A 6．Some people are against killing wolves because ．
A．wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wildemess
B．there is too small a wolf population in the wilderness
C．there are too many deer in the wilderness
D．wolves are afraid of people and never attack people
C 7．According to those against killing wolves，when wolves eat other animals， ．
A．they never eat strong and healthy ones
B．they always go against the law of nature
C．they might help this kind of animals survive in nature
D．they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness
B 8．The last sentence“And everyone knows what happens next”implies that in such cases ．
A．farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away
B．woIves will kill people and people will in turn kill them
C．wolves wilI find enough food sources on famls
D．people will leave the areas where wolves can live
【知识点链接】定语从句
定语从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句，其作用相当于形容词。
高考重点要求：
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别和结构特点。
关系代词who, which, that, whose，whom引导定语从句时的使用特点。
关系副词when, where, why 引导定语从句时的使用特点。
as引导定语从句的使用。
【引】The girl（ who is wearing a red coat ）is beautiful.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
先行词：antecedent 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：relative words 引导定语从句的词
分类：关系代词 关系副词
作用：1）连接主句 2）代词先行词 3）引出从句，并且在从句中作成份
关系代词：关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
指人who（主语或宾语）whom（宾语）that（主语或宾语）whose（所有格）
指物 which（主语或宾语）that（主语或宾语）whose（所有格）
例如：The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.（who为subject）
Harry is the boy whose mother is our maths teacher.（所有格，谁的,做定语）
Science is a subject （which/that I） know little about.（介词about放在从句后，which/that做about的宾语，可省略）
We thought you were a person from whom we could expect good decisions.（做宾语，介词后只能用whom，不能用that，且介词在前面时，whom不可省）
课堂巩固练习：
(C )1.Is there any other reader wants to renew this book (who做主语)
A.whom B.which C.who D.whose
(D)2. This is the job they laughed.(laugh at sth)
A.which B.that C.at that D. at which
(B)3.Who was the old woman at yesterday's meeting (that或whom做定语，可省略)
A. we saw her B. we saw C. we saw whom D. she was seen
(B)4.All is needed is a supply of oil.(先行词为all，只能用that，从句中is needed缺主语)
A.which B.that C.what D.the thing
(B)5.The woman my brother spoke just now is my teacher.
A. who B. to whom C. to who D. whom
(C)6.This book is for the students native language is not English.
A. that B. of whom C. whose D. who's
(A)7.This is the factory they visited the other day.
A. that B. where C. to which D. what
(B)8.Are you the man bicycle was stolen
A. who is B. whose C. his D. which
(C)9.He is the man we should all learn from.
A. whose B. which C. whom D. what
关系副词：关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。where（地点）when（时间）why（原因）
练一练：（填入合适的关系副词）
1.Do you remember the day when we left you
2.Is Shanghai the city where he was born
3.Mike want to work in a country where there’re a lot of forests.
4.I don’t know the reason why the house is so dirty.
5.This is not a place where bad behavior can be tolerated.
6.I often think of the moment when I first saw her.
[归纳]
1）when通常用在day，moment，time，season，year，occasion…之后来引导定语从句，充当时间状语
2）where通常用在place，house，city，coutry，home，world,situation,point…之后来引导定语从句，充当地点状语
3）why通常用在reason后引导定语从句，充当原因状语
Q：是否看到day等词就用when，看到place等词就用where？
A）This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
This is the mountain village which I visited last year.
B）I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
I'll never forget the days which I spent in the countryside.
如何判断关系代词与关系副词？
方法一：取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，用关系代词；而不及物动词则用关系副词。
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
*when=at/in/on/during which where=in/on/at which why=for which
例：Do you remember the day when we joined the club？
Do you remember the day on which we join the club？
This is the reason why/for which my parents got home earlier.
The study is the place where/in which I often have talks with my father.
课堂巩固练习：
(A)1. Let me think of a proper situation this idiom can be used.(situation,用where=in which)
A. where B. that C. which D. for which
(A)2.He makes good use of the time he can spare.(注意区分关系代词与关系副词)
A. that B. in which C. in that D. when
(A)3.They went to see their father during those days he stayed in hospital.
A. when B. which C. that D. on that
(C)4.This is the factory his brother worked ten years ago.
A. which B. that C. in which D. when
(B)5.Mathilde would never forget the night she borrowed a necklace.
A. which B. when C. why D. then
(C)6.This is the reason he is leaving now.
A.in which B.which C.why D.what
(D)7.We are living in an age many things are done on computer.
A.which B.that C.where D.when
非限制性定语从句
I have a sister who works in a bank.
限制性定语从句（我有一个在银行工作的姐姐。）
I have a sister, who works in a bank.
非限制性定语从句（我有一个姐姐，在银行工作。）
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
从句与先行词的关系 从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。 从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整
标 点 从句和主句之间不用逗号分开 从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开
关系代词 指人who (that) whom指物which (that)人和物的whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去 指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物which人和物的whose关系代词一般不可省
修饰 从句只修饰一个名词或代词 可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句
翻译 定语从句译在被修饰词的前面 定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子
As引导的定语从句
(1)as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限制性定语从句,并在从句中作定语、表语或状语,构成the same…as,such…as等结构。例如:
I like the same book as you do.
I want to do it in the same way as you did.
(2)as引导非限制性定语从句.as在定语从句中作主语,表语或宾语,这个定语从句说明整个句子,它可以放在主句之前。例如:
As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.
特别注意关系代词that的用法
1）不用that的情况
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a)在there be 句型中
There’re many things that we can do to help the poor.
b) 先行词为anything, nothing,something,none等不定代词时。
We should do everything that is good for our studies.
c)the one, all, much, few, any, little,much等作先行词时
All that needed is the supply of water.
d)先行词被the only, the very修饰时
This is the very book that I want.
e)先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时
This is the first place that I want to visit.
f)先行词既有人，又有物时。
We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.
g)两个定语从句中一个已用which，另一个用that
He built up a factory which produced things that I had never seen before.
课堂巩固练习
1. I, ______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am
2. Do you know the man ______ just now
A. to who I nodded B. I nodded to C. whom I nodded D. Whom I nodded to him.
3. I can tell you ______ he told me last week.
A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all that
4. This is the biggest lab ______ we have ever built in our university.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
5. He has left Beijing, ______ a meeting is to be held.
A. when B. where C. as D. which
6.Is it in that factory ______ “Red Flag” cars are made
A. in which B. where C. that D. which
7.I have bought the same dress ______ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. than
8. ______ can be seen from his skin,He must be from Africa.
A. that B. as C. it D. what
9. The reason ______ he didn’t come was ______ he was injured.
A. that, because B. why, that C. why, because D. that, that
10.The old man has two sons, ______ are lawyers.
A. both of them B. both of who C. both of whom D. both of they
高考试题实战演练
例1、If a shop has chairs ____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
答案为D
【解析】 关系副词where 连接定语从句，其中where= in/ on which。
例2、We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, ________ other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
答案为C。
【解析】 这是一个定语从句，先行词是places，表示地点，非限定性定语从句中缺少状语，因此用where来引导定语从句，故要填where。这句话的意思是我们被带领着参观了这座城市的学校、博物馆和其他一些游人很少去的地方。
例3、Alec asked the policeman _______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom
答案为C。
【解析】 这是一个定语从句，the policeman是先行词。work是不及物动词，“work with sb.”意为“与某人共事”，所以定语从句应为with whom he worked。这句话的意思是无论何时发生事故时，Alec要求与他一起工作的警察与他联系。
例4、Is this the reason _______at the meeting for his carelessness in his work
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
答案为A。
【解析】 the reason后接定语从句。因为先行词the reason作explained的宾语，用that或which引导定语从句在从句中作宾语时省略。这句话的意思是这就是他在会议上对他为什么在工作上粗心大意的理由所作的解释吗
例5、The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where
答案为C。
【解析】 when引导定语从句(the hours的定语)，修饰先行词the hours,when在从句中作状语。这句话的意思是这部电影使我回忆起我在那偏远的村庄得到无微不至的照顾的时光。
例6、Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ________leading actor is world-famous
A. its B. it's C. whose D. which
答案选C。
【解析】 这是一个定语从句，因为先行词the film “Titanic”和leading actors是所属关系，所以要填写whose。
例7、Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ________ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
答案为B。
【解析】 这是一个非限制性定语从句。根据句意可知之中的是花瓶的价格。在定语从句中表示“谁的”，可以这样表达，如：I live in the room whose windows face south(名词前没有冠词，用whose)=I live in the room the windows of which face south(如果名词前有冠词就用of which)。
例8、Carol said the work would be done by October, ________personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
答案选D。
【解析】 在这个非限制性定语从句中，关系代词which代替Carol所说的话。这句话的意思是“Carol说工作将在十月完成，我个人对此表示怀疑。”
例9、It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _____ for the first time in years their team won World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when
答案为D。
【解析】 从从句的意思：“这是他们多年来第一次赢得世界杯，”可推知，从句是对表示时间的先行词加以说明，先行词是主句中表示时间的名词an exciting moment this year，而非整个句子，故选D。
例10、John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _____ was true.
A. he B. this C. which D. who
答案为C。
【解析】 该非限制性定语从句缺少主语，A、B两项不能用作关系代词，D项只能指代人，而该从句需要关系代词指代主句所说的事实用which。
[江苏高考阅读真题]
A
Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of current answers. That question is “What’s your name ” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.
Have you ever wondered about people’s names Where do they come from What do they mean
People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.
Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter —a person who made pots and pans.
The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
B 1. Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover
A. Places where people lived. B. People’s characters.
C. Talents that people possessed. D. People’s occupations.
C 2. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______.
A. owned or drove a cart B. made things with metals
C. made kitchen tools or contains D. built houses and furniture
D 3. Suppose and English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______.
A. Beatrice Smith B. Leonard Carter
C. George Longstreet D. Donald Greenwood
A 4. The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s _____.
A. later generations B. friends and relatives
C. colleagues and partners D. later sponsors
B
It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groups believe wolves should be killed. Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderndss(荒野).
For Killing Wolves
In Alaska，the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago，because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport . However,1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur．So the woIf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.
A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food.Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life.When the deer can’t find enough food,they die.
If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物)will disappear someday. And the wolves will,too. So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology.If we killed more wolves，we would save them and their prey from dying out.We’d also save some farm animals.
In another northern state,wolves attack cows and chickens for food.Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem．They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small woIf population．
Against Killing Wolves
If you had lived long ago，you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf. According to most stories, hungry wolves often kill people for food. Even today,the stories of the“big bad woIf'＂will not disappear.
But the fact is wolves are afraid of people,and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell.When wolves eat other animals，they usually kill the very young．or the sick and injured .The strongest survive .No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had lived．And has always been a law of nature
Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves，we say it is nonsense!Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance．The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large,and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life．
The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used bv people．Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs．the wolves can’t always find enough food .So they travel to the nearest source,which is often a farm．Then there is danger．The“big bad wolf”has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next．
D 5．According to the passage，some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCET that ．
A．there are too many wolves B．they kill large numbers deer
C．they attack cows and chickens for food D．they destroy the wilderness plant life
A 6．Some people are against killing wolves because ．
A．wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wildemess
B．there is too small a wolf population in the wilderness
C．there are too many deer in the wilderness
D．wolves are afraid of people and never attack people
C 7．According to those against killing wolves，when wolves eat other animals， ．
A．they never eat strong and healthy ones
B．they always go against the law of nature
C．they might help this kind of animals survive in nature
D．they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness
B 8．The last sentence“And everyone knows what happens next”implies that in such cases ．
A．farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away
B．woIves will kill people and people will in turn kill them
C．wolves wilI find enough food sources on famls
D．people will leave the areas where wolves can live