2021年深圳沪教版初三英语专题第10讲：写作中高级词汇，短语和句型的使用讲义 教师版

中考英语写作题型介绍
英语书面表达是学生英语学习的综合素质体现，它要求学生有扎实的语言基本功，具备一定的审题能力、想象能力、表达能力、评价能力及书法排版能力。书面表达是历年中考英语的重点主观测试题之一，该题在深圳中考英语卷中占15分，占全卷分值15%，是重要题型；
中考英语写作能力考查
中考英语写作主要考查学生运用英语语言知识的综合能力，实质变相的考察句型与词汇的灵活应用。英语写作不同于语文作文的写作，不能随意选材，任意发挥，它要求考生按照所给的要点组织内容，文章既限定词数，又要包含所有要点;它也不同于翻译，不能简单地将所有的要点逐一译成英语，而是一种导引式写作。总的来说，它要求考生用学过的英语知识和掌握的技能、技巧，准确使用语法，词汇以及一定的句型,清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。
3.
写作提分的三要素——句型，连词，高级词汇
句子是我们写作最大单位，有了漂亮的句子，用好的连词将其连句成段，在加上一些如星星般亮点词汇的点缀，一篇好的中考英语作文就有了。而这三个因素中最容易把握的是句子，最难的是高级词汇，限于大家的词汇还比较有限，一篇文章中出现那么一两个就够了。我们应该把重心放在句型上，因为这个最容易把握。
4.在英语写作中，学生最大的困扰是无法写出正确的句子，而传统“以考代练”的训练模式收效甚微。要从根本上提高英语写作水平，必须从认识句子的构成要素开始，先写好各种句子成分和基本的简单句，再写好各种高级复杂句，最后写出完美的精彩片段。为此，我们加大了基础写作的比重，旨在通过循序渐进的训练，一步步地提高学生的写作水平，做到厚积而薄发。
　　
1.
初一阶段主要会学习以下题材的写作：如何用英文写通知，如何写应用文体，
记叙文，如何写人物生平介绍。练习写介绍景物的应用文，描写最喜爱的运动员，说明文，写便条，写E-mail寻求建议等；题型涉及看图写作文，看图表写作文，话题作文，命题作文等。字数要求在80左右；
2.
初二阶段主要会学习以下题材的写作：议论文，说明文--如何解决某个文体，练习描写某个地点的短文，练习描写某个人的短文，写海报，对现象进行归纳总结和反思等。题型涉及情景作文，看图表写作文，话题作文，命题作文等。字数要求在80-100左右；
3.
初三阶段主要会学习以下题材的写作：关于描述景点的说明文，建议信，给笔友写信，求职信，通知（口头通知和书面通知），议论文，演讲稿，用记叙文叙述故事，写E-mail等。题型涉及情景作文，话题作文等。字数要求在80-100词左右。
英
语
写
作
使用高级词汇和短语
使用复合句
使用惯用句型
一、使用高级词汇和短语
词汇和短语是英语写作的基础构成，写作时恰当地运用高级词汇和短语将使我们的文章更添色彩。下面我们将学习常见的几类写作话题高级词汇和短语。
1）兴趣与爱好
My
favourite
hobby
我最大的兴趣
the
cheapest
way
to
做...最经济的方式
a
waste
of
time
浪费时间
do
sb.
much
help
对sb.有帮助
positive
contribution
积极奉献
cultivation
of
interest
培养兴趣
like
...
best
最喜欢...
a
wonderful
trip
to
...
一次完美之旅
have
the
great
honor
to...
很荣幸...
enter
for
...
报名参加
develop
our
ability
in
...
培养...的能力
increase
our
knowledge
about
...
增加对...的了解
put
off
sth.
because
of
sth.
因...原因推迟...
be
a
volunteer
当志愿者
fix/
repair/
mend
修理
give
away
捐赠
give
out/
hand
out
分发
hang
out
闲逛
keep
a
habit
of
doing
sth.
保持...的习惯
climb
mountains
爬山
stay
for
a
week
待一周
take
photos/
pictures
拍照
go
camping
露营
go
sightseeing
show
sb.
around
带某人参观
invite
sb.
to
...
邀请某人去某地
【即学即练】
翻译句子
我最喜欢的是下棋，因为它可以让我放松心情。
看电视是最便宜的消遣时间的方式。
学生应关注明星努力学习，积极奉献社会的品质。
流行文化对青少年兴趣爱好的培养弊大于利。
我最喜欢那里美丽的风景和美味的饭菜。
【参考答案】
My
favourite
hobby
is
playing
chess,
because
it
can
make
me
relax.
The
cheapest
way
to
pass
time
was
to
sit
in
front
of
the
TV
set.
What
should
the
students
care
is
how
the
stars
learn
things
hard
and
make
positive
contribution
to
the
society.
Pop
culture
would
do
more
harm
than
good
in
young
people’s
cultivation
of
interest.
I
liked
the
beautiful
view
and
delicious
dishes
best.
2)
学习与生活
give
sb.
sth.
to
do
给某人做某事
It
takes
sb.
time
to
do
sth.
花费某人多少时间做某事
prefer
doing
to
doing
更喜欢做某事
take
part
in
参加
have
a
good
time
=
enjoy
oneself
=
have
fun
玩的开心
work
hard
at
...
在...方面努力
a
good
habit
of
studying
好的学习习惯
put
one’s
heart
into
...
=
concentrate
on
...
全神贯注于...
be
interested
in
...
对...感兴趣
be
fond
of
...
爱好...
be
tired
of
...
厌烦...
be
weak
in
...
=be
poor
at
...
不擅长...
do
well
in
...
=
be
good
at
...
擅长...
like
...
better
=
prefer
...
更喜欢...
like
...
best
=
favourite
最喜欢...
make
progress
in
...
在...方面提高自己
improve
oneself
in
...
在...方面提高自己
fail
in
...
在某方面失败
pass
the
...
exam
通过...考试
give
sb.
a
passing
grade
给某人通过的等级
get
a
doctor’s
degree
获得博士学位
be
active
in
class/
work
上课/工作积极
enter
a
key/
good
university
进入重点/好大学
improve
one’s
pronunciation/
grammmar
改善某人的语音/提高某人的语法
work
out
a
question/
problem
算出/解决问题
succeed
in
...
在...方面取得成功
get
...
marks
for
...
在...方面得...分
get
an
A
in
the
exam
考试得A
have
a
good
command
of
...
精通...
win
the
first
prize/
get
the
first
place
in
the
...
exam
...考试第一名
【即学即练】
翻译句子
每天做作业花费我大约两到三小时。
我更喜欢看电视或和朋友们一起玩。
我和我的同班同学参加了聚会。
在聚会中我们所有人都很开心。
我相信每天锻炼能使我们的身体更强壮。
【参考答案】
It
takes
me
about
two
or
three
hours
to
do
my
homework
every
day.
I
prefer
watching
TV
or
playing
with
my
friends
after
school.
My
classmates
and
I
took
part
in
a
party
together.
We
all
had
a
good
time
at
the
party.
I
believe
taking
exercise
every
day
can
make
our
body
stronger.
3)
沟通联系
take
a
message
for
sb.
给某人捎信
send
a
message
to
sb.
发信息给某人
receive
one’s
letter
=
get
a
letter
from
sb.
=
hear
from
sb.
收到某人的来信
talk
about/
of
sth.
谈论某事
tell/
ask
sb.
to
do
sth.
叫某人做某事
get
information
about
获取...的相关信息
say
sorry
to
sb.
for
...
=
apologize
to
sb.
for
...
为...向某人道歉
give/
make
a
speech
做演讲
Thanks
for
.../
Thank
you
for
...
为...而感谢你
explain
sth.
to
sb.
向某人解释某事
think
of
sb.
as
...
把某人看作...
say
goodbye
to
sb.
向某人告别
help
sb.
out
帮助某人解决困难
communicate
with
sb.
与某人交流
quarrel
with
sb.
和某人争吵
argue
with
sb.
和某人争论
fight
with
sb.
和某人打架
keep/be
in
touch
with
sb.
与某人保持联系
introduce
sb.
to
sb.
把某人介绍给某人
【即学即练】
翻译句子
要我传话吗？
期待收到您的来信。
请允许我向你介绍David.
不要吵架。
向昨天告别。
【参考答案】
Can
I
take
a
message
for
you?
I
look
forward
to
hear
from
you.
Please
allow
me
to
introduce
David
to
you.
Don’t
quarrel
with
each
other.
Say
goodbye
to
yesterday.
对人事态度
be
kind
to
...
对...友好
be
strict
with
sb.
对sb.严格
be
strict
about
sth.
对sth.严格
be
satisfied
with
...
=
be
pleased
with
...
对...感到满意
praise
sb.
for
sth.
因某事赞扬某人
give
advice
on
提议
take
good
care
of
照顾
show
one’s
respect
for
向...表达敬意
devote
to
致力于
be
angry
with
=
be
mad
at
对...生气
regard
...
as
...
把...当成...
speak
highly
of
高度赞扬
be
patient
and
helpful
有耐心且乐于助人
would
like
to
do
=
feel
like
doing
想要做
allow
sb.
to
do
允许某人做
force
sb.
to
do
强迫某人做
call
on
sb.
to
do
号召某人做
insist
on
doing
sth.
坚持做某事
be
afraid
to
do
=
be
afraid
of
doing
害怕做
offer
to
do
sth.
主动做
refuse
to
do
拒绝做
agree
to
do
同意做
prefer
doing
A
to
doing
B
=
prefer
to
do
A
than
do
B
=
would
rather
do
A
than
do
B
情愿做A而不愿做B
regret
doing
sth.
后悔做某事
be
willing
to
do
愿意做
keep/stop/prevent
sb.
from
doing
sth.
阻止某人做某事
have
sth.
in
common
有共同点
be
supposed
to
应该
be
disappointed
about/at
对...感到失望
be
confident
in
doing
sth.
对做某事有信心
be
proud
of
=
take
pride
in
为...感到骄傲
【即学即练】
翻译句子
和看电视相比，我更愿意看书。
作为一个学生，我们应该努力读书。
Jim和John没有一点相像的。
我们都为你感到骄傲。
对学好数学，我非常有信心。
【参考答案】
I
prefer
reading
books
to
watching
TV.
As
a
student,
we
are
supposed
to
study
hard.
Jim
and
John
have
nothing
in
common.
We
are
all
proud
of
you.
I
am
confident
in
learning
Maths
well.
感官活动
have/
take
a
look
at
...
看一看
hear
sb.
do/
doing
sth.
听见某人做/正在做某事
take
notice
of
注意
take
view
of
重视
have
a
good
knowledge
of
对...有好的了解
consider
sb.
/
sth.
to
be
认为某人/某物是
consider
doing
sth.
考虑做某事
come
to
know
逐渐了解
can’t
help
doing
sth.
忍不住做某事
notice
sb.
do/
doing
sth.
注意到某人做/正在做某事
find
sb.
doing
sth.
发现某人正在做某事
forgive
sb.
for
(doing)
sth.
原谅某人做了某事
remember
to
do
sth.
记得去做某事
remember
doing
sth.
记得做过某事
forget
to
do
sth.
忘记去做某事
forget
doing
sth.
忘记做过某事
be
delighted
in
doing
sth.
=
take
pleasure
in
doing
sth.
对做某事感到高兴
be
worried
about
担心
be/
feel
surprised
at
对...感到惊奇
be
sorry
for
为...感到抱歉
be
angry
about
sth.
因某事生气
be
angry
with
sb.
因某人生气
look
forward
to
doing
sth.
=
expect
to
do
sth.
期待做某事
wish/
hope
to
do
sth.
希望做某事
have
a
strong
desire
to
do
sth.
有强烈愿望做某事
be
afraid
of
(doing)
sth.
=
be
afraid
to
do
sth.
害怕（做）某事
be
willing
to
do
sth.
愿意做某事
let
sb.
down
让某人失望
dream
of
doing
sth.
梦想做某事
fall
in
love
with
爱上
【即学即练】
翻译句子
Lee对中国历史非常了解。
她对中国功夫一见钟情。
请原谅我打岔，但我实在不认同这个。
如果你想要别人注意到你，一定要让别人看见你的成绩。
你不能每年去一次健身房就指望身体保持最佳。
【参考答案】
Lee
has
a
good
knowledge
of
Chinese
history.
She
fell
in
love
with
Chinese
Kufu
at
fist
sight.
Forgive
my
interrupting
but
I
really
don’t
agree
with
that.
If
you
want
people
to
take
notice
of
you,
you
must
make
your
accomplishments
visible.
You
can’t
go
to
the
gym
once
a
year
and
expect
to
stay
in
top
form.
健康状况
be
in
good
shape
精神或身体状态好
be
in
good
health
健康良好
be
in
poor
health
健康不佳
feel
weak
觉得虚弱
feel
well
感觉良好
feel
sick
感觉恶心
have
a
fever
发烧
catch/
have
a
slight/
bad
cold
得了小/重感冒
take
one’s
temperature
为某人量体温
have
got
a
pain
in
...
在...部位感到疼痛
have
a
balanced
diet
均衡的饮食
stay
in
bed
卧病在床
do
exercise
做运动
eating
habits
饮食习惯
a
healthy
lifestyle
健康的生活方式
food
safty
食品安全
have
a
headache
头痛
fast
food
快餐
junk
food
垃圾食品
take-away
外卖
have
a
sore
throat
喉咙痛
have
a
stomachache
胃痛
have
a
toothache
牙痛
have
a
backache
背痛
see
a
doctor
看医生
see
a
dentist
看牙医
look
over
仔细检查
lie
down
躺下
drink
more
water
喝更多水
do
sports
做运动
brush
one’s
teeth
刷牙
have
a
rest/
break
休息
be
ill
in
hospital
生病住院
nothing
serious
没什么严重的
feel
much
better/
worse
感觉好多了/更糟糕了
take
medicines/
pills
吃药
【即学即练】
翻译句子
做运动使我们保持良好的体型。
我现在感觉好多了。
多喝水少喝咖啡是健康的生活方式。
食品安全问题对于我们而言越来越重要。
他生病住院了。
【参考答案】
Doing
exercises
keep
us
in
good
shape.
I’m
feeling
much
better
now.
Drink
more
water
and
less
coffee
is
a
healthy
likestyle.
Food
safty
becomes
more
and
more
important
to
us.
He
is
ill
in
hospital.
二、使用复合句
复合句分为并列复合句和主从复合句。在初中知识框架中，并列复合句含并列，选择，转折和因果四类；主从复合句分别是宾语从句，定语从句和状语从句。
并列复合句
并列关系
常用来表示并列关系的连词有如下几个：and,
both
...
and
...
,
either
...
or
...
,
neither
...
nor
...
,
as
well
as,
not
only
...
but
also
...
选择关系
常用来表示选择关系的连词有如下几个：or,
or
else,
otherwise,
either
...
or
...
,
neither
...
nor
...
转折关系
常用来表示转折关系的连词有如下几个：but,
yet,
still,
while,
however
因果关系
常用来表示因果关系的连词有如下几个：so,
for,
then,
therefore
例
不仅Tom，而且Mary也错过了早班车。(并列关系)
Not
only
Tom
missed
the
early
bus,
but
also
Mary
did.
快点，否则你就要迟到了。（选择关系）
Hurry
up,
or
(else)
/
otherwise
you’ll
be
late.
3.
她想当艺术家，而我想当医生。（转折关系）
She
wants
to
be
an
artist,
while
I
want
to
be
a
doctor.
4.
经理病了所以我代她去。(因果关系)
The
manager
was
ill
so
I
went
in
her
place.
【即学即练】
填写适当的连词完成句子
She
is
very
busy,
she
keeps
on
learning
English
by
herself.
Terry
didn’t
attend
my
birthday,
he
was
ill.
Either
you
come
to
my
home
I
get
to
yours.
I
have
failed.
,
I
will
try
again.
Go
along
the
street,
you’ll
find
the
shop.
【参考答案】
but,
for,
or,
However,
and
主从复合句
宾语从句
1.
概念
宾语从句指的是在句子中起宾语作用的从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
2.
宾语从句的三要素：
（1）语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，即：主句+连词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+…）
（2）宾语从句的时态
①主句为现在时或将来时，从句可用各种合适的时态；
②主句是过去时，从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动作同时发生；
③从句用过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，
从句用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
④如果从句表示客观真理、自然现象或者谚语时，不管主句用什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时
（3）引导词
①that只起引导词作用，不充当句子成分，也没有词义，且通常可以省略
②if
和
whether
不充当句子成分，但有词义，表示“是否”连接代词
③常见的连接代词有what,
who,
whom,
which,
whose等
④常见的连接副词有when,
how,
where,
why等
3.
宾语从句的否定转移
①主句的主语是第一人称I
或we
②谓语动词是think,
believe,
imagine,
expect,
guess等表示心理活动的动词
③从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来
例题1：
—Could
you
tell
me_____________?
—Just
go
straight.
It’s
on
your
right.
A.
where
the
post
office
is
B.
where
is
the
post
office
C.
where
the
post
office
was
D.
where
was
the
post
office
解析：本题主要考查宾语从句的语序和时态。从时态的角度来说，虽然主句could
you
tell
me的情态动词是could，但是could在此只是为了表达更加委婉的语气，和一般过去时无关，而且从语意上讲，很显然问话人想知道现在邮局在哪儿，故排除C、D两项，在A、B两项中选择；再从语序来看，宾语从句应该用陈述语序，符合的选项为A。
答案：A
例题2：
—Do
you
know__________
the
Capital
Museum?
—Next
Monday.
A.
when
they
will
visit
B.
when
will
they
visit
C.
when
did
they
visit
D.
when
they
visited
解析：本题主要考查宾语从句的语序和时态。从语序方面来说，只有A、D两项正确，排除B、C两项；由时态标志词next
Monday可以排除D。
答案：A
定语从句
1.
概念
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
2.
关系代词
关系代词所代替的先行词是指人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
that代指人或物,
做主语，宾语，表语
(作宾语时可省略)
which代指物，做主语，宾语
(作宾语时可省略)
who代指人，在从句中做主语，宾语(作宾语时可省略)
whom
代指人，在从句中做宾语(可省略)
whose代指人或物，做定语
3.
关系副词
关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when,
where,
why的含义相当于“介词＋which”结构，因此常常和“介词＋which”结构交替使用。
when代替表示时间的名词，而且这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当时间状语，常可用on
which,
in
which,
during
which等代替
where代替表示地点的名词，而且这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当地点状语，常用in
which，on
which，to
which等代替
why代替表示原因的名词，而且这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当原因状语，常可用for
which代替
4.
关系代词与关系副词的辨析
方法一：根据从句谓语动词
方法二：判断先行词在定语从句中的成分
例题1：
This
is
the
bank
in
which
the
robbery
happened.
解析：which。在介词后只用which，不能用that。
例题2：
We
don't
know
the
exact
time
when
the
English
evening
will
be
held.
解析：when。代替表示时间的名词，而且这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当时间状语，常可用on
which,
in
which,
during
which等代替。
状
语
从
句
时间状语从句
时间状语从句常用when,
as,
while,
before,
after,
since,
till,
until,
as
soon
as等连词来引导
条件状语从句
条件状语从句通常由if,
unless引导
原因状语从句
原因状语从句通常由because,
since,
as引导
结果状语从句
结果状语从句由so…that,
such…that,
so
that引导
目的状语从句
目的状语从句通常由
so
that,
in
order
that引导
让步状语从句
让步状语从句通常由although,
though等连词引导
比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as,
比较级
+
than…等连词引导
地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where,
wherever来引导
例题1：
When
I
came
into
the
room,
he
was
writing
a
letter.
解析：意为“当…时”,
从句的动词可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词
例题2：
I
shall
write
down
your
telephone
number
so
that
I
may
not
forget.
解析：意为“以便；为了”，目的状语从句中常用情态动词may/
might/
can/
could/
would/
should
等放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后，主从句之间不用任何标点符号。注意so
that和in
order
that的转换。
【即学即练】
一、按要求转换句型
1.
Does
Mr.
Brown
enjoy
living
in
China?
Could
you
tell
us?（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
→Could
you
tell
us
_______
Mr.
Brown
________
living
in
China?
2.
“Does
the
girl
need
any
help?”
he
asked
me.
（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
→He
asked
me
_________
the
girl
________
some
help.
3.
“I
am
having
supper,”
he
said.
（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
He
said
that
he
supper.
4.
When
does
the
train
leave?
I
want
to
know.
（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I
want
to
know
_________
the
train
_________.
5.
Did
Peter
come
here
yesterday?
Li
Lei
wants
to
know.
（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
Li
Lei
wants
to
know
_________
Peter
_________
here
yesterday.
6.
I
don't
know
how
I
can
get
to
the
hospital.（改为简单句）　
I
don't
know
____
______
_______
to
the
hospital.
7.
I
hope
that
I
will
hear
from
you
soon.
（改为简单句）
I
hope
______
______
from
you
soon.
8.
I
think
that
it
is
dangerous
to
play
with
fire.
（改为简单句）
I
think
______
______
to
play
with
fire.
9.
I
wonder
how
I
can
go
there.
（改为简单句）
I
wonder
______
______
_______
there.
10.
They
haven’t
decided
when
and
where
they
should
build
a
new
power
station.
（改为简单句）
They
haven’t
decided
______
________
______
______
______
a
new
power
station.
二、将下列句子合并为定语从句
1.
The
boys
come
from
Class
Two.
The
boys
are
playing
basketball.
_______________________________________________________________
2.
Mr.
Liu
likes
football
very
much.
I’m
talking
with
Mr.
Liu.
_______________________________________________________________
3.
They
could
not
get
the
job.
They
wanted
the
job.
_______________________________________________________________
4.
The
factory
is
very
dirty.
The
factory
makes
pencils.
_______________________________________________________________
5.
The
man
buys
a
pen.
The
pen
writes
well.
_______________________________________________________________
6.
The
film
is
boring.
I
went
to
see
the
film
last
night.
_______________________________________________________________
7.
The
book
is
well
worth
reading.
The
book
is
written
by
Tom.
_______________________________________________________________
8.
The
hat
is
nice.
The
color
of
the
hat
is
red.
_______________________________________________________________
9.
After
living
in
Paris
for
fifty
years
he
returned
to
the
small
village.
He
grew
up
in
that
small
village.
_______________________________________________________________
10.
He
lived
in
London
for
3
months.
He
picked
up
some
English
during
those
3
months.
_______________________________________________________________
三、选词填空
when,
before,
after,
until,
as
soon
as,
if,
as,
because,
though,
than,
since,
so…that
1.
I
haven’t
heard
from
him
_______
he
left
home.
2.
He
was
_______
tired
_______
he
couldn’t
go
on
working.
3.
I
was
cooking
______
she
knocked
at
the
door.
4.
He
didn’t
go
to
bed
______
he
finished
his
homework.
5.
The
soldiers
set
off
to
the
front
______
they
received
the
officer’s
order.
6.
She
went
to
bed
_______
the
TV
play
was
over.
7.
I
won’t
believe
it
_______
I
hear
with
my
own
ears.
8.
We
should
strike
_______
the
iron
is
hot.
9.
Take
the
medicine
_______
you
go
to
bed.
10.
They
couldn’t
send
their
children
to
school
_______
life
was
very
hard
in
those
days.
【参考答案】
一、按要求转换句型
1.
if/whether;
enjoys
2.
whether/
if;
needed
3.
was
having
4.
when;
leaves
5.
whether;
came
6.
how
to
get
7.
to
hear
8.
it
dangerous
9.
how
to
go
10.
when
and
where
to
build
二、合并为定语从句
1.
The
boys
who
are
playing
basketball
come
from
Class
Two.
2.
Mr.
Liu
whom
I’m
talking
with
likes
football
very
much.
3.
They
could
not
get
the
job
that/
which
they
wanted.
4.
The
factory
that/
which
makes
pencils
is
very
dirty.
5.
The
man
buys
a
pen
which
writes
well.
6.
The
film
that/
which
I
went
to
see
last
night
is
boring.
7.
The
book
which
is
written
by
Tom
is
well
worth
reading.
8.
The
hat
whose
color
is
red
is
nice.
9.
After
living
in
Paris
for
fifty
years
he
returned
to
the
small
village
where
he
grew
up.
10.
He
lived
in
London
for
3
months
when
he
picked
up
some
English.
三、选词填空
1.
since
2.
so,
that
3.
when
4.
until
5.
as
soon
as
6.
after
7.
until
8.
while
9.
before
10.
because
使用惯用句型
英语写作中我们常用的惯用句型有It
句型，There
be句型和常用谚语俗语。
It
句型
It
is
nice
of
you
to
come
to
help
me.
你能来帮助我真好。
It
is
dangerous
for
children
to
play
with
the
fire.
小孩玩火很危险。
It
is
your
turn
to
tell
stories.
轮到你讲故事了。
It
is
a
pity
that
he
failed
in
the
exam.
很可惜他考试不及格。
It
is
no
use
talking
with
him.
和他说什么都没用。
It
is
time
for
lunch/
to
have
lunch.
该吃午饭了。
It
has
been
two
days
since
my
sister
caught
a
cold.
我妹妹感冒两天了。
It
takes
him
30
min
to
get
to
shool
on
foot.
走路上学花费他30分钟。
It
seemed
that
the
Lions
was
going
to
win.
雄狮队看起来要赢了。
It
happened
that
they
took
the
same
bus.
他们碰巧乘坐同一辆公共汽车。
There
be句型
There
be句型是英语写作中常用句型，意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”。
基础结构：There
be
+
n.
+地点状语。
例：There
is
no
one
in
the
classroom.
教室里没人。
常用谚语俗语
Art
is
long,
but
life
is
short.?
人生有限，学问无涯。?
Stick
to
it,
and
you'll
succeed.?
只要人有恒，万事都能成。?
Early
to
bed
and
early
to
rise
makes
a
man
healthy,
wealthy,
and
wise.?
早睡早起，富裕、聪明、身体好。?
A
good
medicine
tastes
bitter.
良药苦口。?
It
is
good
to
learn
at
another
man's
cost.
前车之鉴。?
Keeping
is
harder
than
winning.?
创业不易，守业更难。?
Let's
cross
the
bridge
when
we
come
to
it.
船到桥头自然直。?
More
haste,
less
speed.
欲速则不达。?
No
pains,
no
gains.
不劳则无获。?
Nothing
is
difficult
to
the
man
who
will
try.?
世上无难事，只要肯登攀。?
Where
there
is
life,
there
is
hope.?
生命不息，希望常在。?
An
idle
youth,
a
needy
age.?
少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。?
We
must
not
lie
down,
and
cry,
"God
help
us."?
求神不如求己。?
A
plant
may
produce
new
flowers;
man
is
young
but
once.?
花有重开日，人无再少年。?
God
helps
those
who
help
themselves.?
自助者，天助之。?
What
may
be
done
at
any
time
will
be
done
at
no
time.?
明日待明日，明日不再来。?
All
work
and
no
play
makes
Jack
a
dull
boy.?
只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。?
Diligence
is
the
mother
of
success.?
勤奋是成功之母。?
Truth
is
the
daughter
of
time.?
时间见真理。?
Take
care
of
the
pence,
and
the
pounds
will
take
care
of
themselves.?
积少自然成多。?
No
man
is
wise
at
all
times.?
智者千虑，必有一失。?
Never
put
off
till
tomorrow
what
you
can
do
today.今天能做的事绝不要拖到明天。?
Live
and
learn.活到老，学到老。?
【即学即练】
一、翻译句子
水里面有鱼吗？
学校附近有个医院。
是该保护环境的时候了。
按时完成这个工作不容易。
读完这本书花了我一周时间。
翻译下面谚语俗语
熟能生巧。
众口难调。
英雄所见略同。
条条大路通罗马。
永不言败。
【参考答案】
翻译句子
Is
there
any
fish
in
the
water?
There
is
a
hospital
near
our
school.
It’s
time
for
us
to
protect
the
environment.
It’s
not
easy
to
finish
the
work
on
time.
It
took
me
a
week
to
finish
reading
the
book.
翻译下面谚语
Practice
makes
perfect.
It
is
hard
to
please
all.
Great
minds
think
alike.
All
roads
lead
to
Rome.
Never
say
die.
　　
翻译句子
教室里面有一位老师和六个学生。
他告诉她真相是愚蠢的。
我们初识到现在已经十年了。
看起来要下雨了。
瓶子里面什么都没有。
单项选择
1.—Could
you
please
tell
me
_____
tomorrow?
—At
8
o’clock.
A.
how
will
she
start
B.
how
she
will
start
C.
what
time
she
will
start
D.
what
time
will
she
start.
2.—Do
you
know
_________?
—Yes,
she
is
very
kind
and
outgoing.
A.
what’s
his
mother
like
B.
what
his
mother
likes
C.
what
his
mother
is
like
D.
how
his
mother
is
like
3.He
stood
up
and
told
the
teacher________.
A.
what
is
his
name
B.
what
was
his
name
C.
what
his
name
was
4.As
middle
school
students,
we
should
start
thinking
about
_____
for
our
country
in
the
future.
A.
what
we
did
B.
what
did
we
do
C.
what
we
can
do
D.
what
can
we
do
5.---
Excuse
me,
could
you
please
tell
me
_______
the
Science
Museum?
---
Sure.
Go
along
the
street
and
turn
left.
It’s
next
to
Bank
of
China.
A.
when
I
can
get
to
B.
when
can
I
get
to
C.
how
I
can
get
to
D.
how
can
I
get
to
6.—What
kind
of
movies
do
you
prefer?
—I
prefer
the
movies
______
me
something
to
think
about.
A.
which
give
B.
that
gives
C.
which
gives
D.
who
gives
7.A
kind
of
shared
bike
______
is
called
bluegogo
is
getting
more
and
more
popular
in
Chengdu.
A.
it
B.
who
C.
which
8.She
often
parks
her
car
near
the
house
_____
she
can
easily
get
to.
A.
where
B.
who
C.
which
D.
what
9.Yesterday
Mr.
Green
went
to
his
hometown
and
visited
the
old
house
_____
he
was
born
in.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
it
10.—CCTV
has
produced
a
TV
show
---
Chinese
Poetry
Competition.
Have
you
seen
it?
—Sure,
Wu
Yishu,
16,
____
studies
at
the
High
School
Affiliated
to
Fudan,
is
the
winner.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
who
D.
whom
11.—I
want
to
know
if
your
pen
friend
___
tomorrow.
—If
she
___
tomorrow,
we’ll
give
her
a
big
surprise.
A.
will
come;
will
come
B.
will
come;
come
C.
will
come;
comes
D.
comes;
will
come
12.I
want
to
know
if
he
_____
tomorrow,
if
he
_____
,
please
call
me
in
time.
A.
will
come;
comes
B.
comes;
will
come
C.
comes;
comes
D.
will
come;
will
come
13.—Alice,
could
you
tell
me
when
your
sister
___
from
Harbin?
—I’m
not
sure.
I
will
call
you
when
she
___.
A.
will
come
back;
will
return
B.
comes
back;
will
return
C.
will
come
back;
returns
14.—Can
you
tell
me
when
you
are
going
to
arrive
there?
—I’m
not
sure.
But
I’ll
ring
you
up
as
soon
as
I
___
there
tomorrow.
A.
arrive
B.
arrived
C.
will
arrive
D.
am
going
to
arrive.
15.—I
wonder
if
it
___
tomorrow.
—Don’t
worry.
If
it
___
,
we’ll
stay
at
home.
A.
rains;
rains
B.
will
rain
;
rains
C.
rains;
will
rain
D.
will
rain;
will
rain
谚语翻译
分秒必争。
入乡随俗。
先到先得。
大智若愚。
良药苦口。
【参考答案】
一、翻译句子
There
is
a
teacher
and
six
students
in
the
classroom.
It
was
stupid
of
him
to
tell
her
the
truth.
It
has
been
ten
years
since
we
first
met.
It
seems
that
a
rain
is
on
the
way.
There
is
nothing
in
the
bottle.
单项选择
CCCCC
ACCAC
CACAB
谚语翻译
Every
minute
counts.
Do
as
the
Romans
do.
First
come,
first
served.
He
knows
most
who
speaks
least.
A
good
medicine
tastes
bitter.
英
语
写
作
使用高级词汇和短语
使用复合句
使用惯用句型
学生易错点整理：
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