中考英语语法现在完成时课件（71张PPT）

(共71张PPT)
常考时态：
现在完成时PPT
本节学习内容：现在完成时
1.三个特点:
（1）动作发生在过去
（2）对现在有影响
（3）有可能持续到未来
2.
结构：主+
have/
has
+
动词过去分词
（do-did-done）
（have-had-had）
3.
动词过去分词变化规则：直去双改+不规则变化
4.
肯定句变否定：有be用be、有情求情、无be无情、请求助
请用have的正确形式填空
I
_________
a
lesson
now.
Please
call
me
later.
Sally
_________
a
good
time
in
Paris.
She
went
to
many
places.
I
usually
have
my
holiday
in
June.
But
he
always
______
hers
in
July.
We
______________________
a
big
dinner
tomorrow.
am
having
had
has
are
going
to
have/will
have
have
a
rest
+3
have
an
appointment
+1
have
a
toothache
表演PPAP
have
a
good
time
+4
have
coffee
-2
have
a
meal
+2
have
a
holiday
+0
have
got
分数互换
have
a
try
+1
休息
预约
牙痛
喝咖啡
吃一顿饭
度假
玩得开心
尝试
有
1.
You
look
tired.
Why
don’t
you
_______?
A.
have
a
look
B.
have
a
rest
C.
have
a
good
time
2.
I
usually
______
with
my
family
during
Spring
Festival.
A.
have
dinner
B.
have
a
bath
C.
have
a
meeting
3.
Children
always_____
on
Children’s
Day.
A.
have
a
rest
B.
have
a
bath
C.
have
a
good
time
4.
-What
did
you
_____
for
dinner
last
night?
-I
_____
roast
beef
with
potatoes.
A.
have,
haved
B.
have,
have
C.
have,
had
Where
are
you
going
this
summer
holiday?
Did
you
go
to
these
places
in
June?
Which
ones
have
you
been
to?
Free
Discussion
Your
Plan
for
the
Coming
Holiday
Where?
When?
What?
Who?
Cash-Credit
card
I’ll
buy
a
ticket
home.
They
bought
an
air
ticket
last
weekend.
ticket
[?t?k?t]
n.
票
camera
[?k?m?r?]
n.
相机
A
good
camera
helps
you
take
beautiful
photos.
suitcase
[?su:tke?s]
n.
行李箱
Remember
to
bring
your
suitcases.
The
man
has
got
so
many
suitcases.
pack
the
suitcase
She
is
packing
her
suitcase.
She
is
tired
from
packing.
pack
[p?k]
v.
整理、收拾
The
room
is
in
a
mess.
They
have
to
make
it
tidy
before
they
leave.
mess
[mes]
n.
混乱/v.
扰乱
leave-left-left
[li:v]
v.
离开
The
man
is
leaving
home.
The
girl
left
without
looking
back.
NCE1:Lesson
83
Going
on
Holiday
mess
n.凌乱
pack
v.
打包
suitcase
n.手提包
leave(left)
v.
离开
already
adv.
已经
Words
&
Expressions
in
a
mess
What
a
mess!
pack
the
suitcase
leave-left-left
already
go
on
holiday
stay
at
home
Words
&
Expressions
No,
thank
you,
Tom.
I’ve
already
had
lunch.
Have
a
cup
of
coffee
then.
I’ve
just
had
a
cup.
When
are
you
going
to
have
a
holiday?
I’ve
already
had
my
holiday
this
year.
How
did
Sam
answer?
Do
you
want
to
have
lunch
with
us？
Sam回答的用意在于？：
A：强调自己过去吃了午饭、喝了咖啡、度了假
B：说明已经吃过午饭、喝过咖啡、度过假，
所以不用再吃、喝、度假
What’s
in
common：
I’ve
already
had…
B
WHAT’S
IN
COMMON
I
have
already
had
a
holiday
this
year.
I
have
already
had
dinner.
I
have
just
had
a
cup,
thank
you!
现在完成时
表示一个动作发生在过去，但对现在仍然有影响。
常与不确定时间的状语或表一段时间的状语连用。
eg.
I
have
already
had
lunch.
我已经吃过午饭了。(言下之意:
不再吃了)
现在完成时
He
had
a
hamburger
and
5
glasses
of
juice
at
12:04.
He
is
full.
It’s
12:05.
It’s
12:20
Would
you
like
some
food?
No,
thank
you.
I
have
(just)
had
a
hamburger.
Now
I'm
full.
It’s
12:30
No,
thank
you.
I
have
(already)
had
4
glasses
of
healthy
juice
Now
I'm
full.
Would
you
like
some
drinks?
He
had
a
hamburger.
He
is
full.
3.
He
has
had
a
hamburger.
1.动作发生在过去：刚刚吃了；
2.对现在有影响：很饱
3.持续到将来：有一段时间都会是饱的
Rule
1:
如果我们探讨的已经发生、但没有具体时间的事
或者时间不重要，强调已经发生的结果，
可用现在完成时。
I
have
bought
a
new
house.
I
have
made
some
changes.
I
have
painted
the
walls
blue.
I
have
changed
the
curtains.
I
have
removed
the
carpet
on
the
stairs…
yesterday
/
last
week
/
two
days
ago
Rule
2:
如果我们描述的是一种“持续”的状态（发生在过去），并且有可能持续到未来，我们就可用现在完成时，并且关键词为for/since。
David
has
been
at
the
sea
since
July.
He
hasn’t
seen
his
family
for
5
months.
Present
Sam
became
a
shoemaker
in
1970.
He
is
still
working.
He
has
been
a
shoemaker
since
1970.
Rule
3:
刚发生不久，并对现在的结果有明显的影响的事情。
I
have
broken
my
arm.
It
still
hurts.
You
walked
in
the
rain
yesterday.
You
have
got
a
cold.
You
look
very
bad.
Rule
4:
如果讨论的是最近一段时期内的事。
No,
thank
you!
I
have
been
to
the
cinema
twice
this
week.
Would
you
like
to
go
to
the
cinema?
Cinema!
Are
they
kidding?
I
haven’t
watched
TV
this
month!
Rule
5:
Lately/Recently不给具体的时间，但是最近发生的事。
Have
you
?seen
any
good
?films
recently?
Unfortunately!
I
have
been
very
busy
lately.
There
has
been
a
great
progress
against
cancer
recently.
Rule
6:
already/just/yet也是现在完成时常用的关键词。
The
room
is
dirty
now.
It
is
clean
now.
She
has
just
cleaned.
Have
you
?sent
the
e-mails
yet?
Of
course
Boss!
I
have
already
sent
them.
The
washing
machine
is
still
working.
It
hasn’t
finished
yet.
This
is
Atilla.
He
lives
in
Turkey.
But
he
is
not
in
Turkey
now.
He
has
gone
to
Egypt.
He
has
been
in
Egypt
for
a
week.
I
have
been
here
for
centuries!
just,
already,
(not)
yet
before,
ever,
never
up
till
now,
so
far,
by
now
for
three
months,
since
1975
现在完成时的时间状语
现在完成时
1.三个特点:
（1）动作发生在过去
（2）对现在有影响
（3）有可能持续到未来
2.
句型结构：主+
have/
has
+
动词过去分词
(do-did-done)
(have-had-had)
(leave-left-left)
规则过去分词与过去式变化相同
1.
直：+
ed
clean
---
cleaned
2.
去：去e+
ed
arrive
---
arrived
3.
双：双写尾字母
+ed
stop
---
stopped
4.
改：辅音字母+y结尾的，把y
变
i
+
ed：empty
-
emptied
不规则过去分词则需要特殊记忆
have-had-had
do-did-done
go-went-gone
be-was/were-been
eat-ate-eaten
see-saw-seen
Present
Perfect
Practice
like
一般现在时:
现在的状态(现在喜欢)
liked
一般过去时:
过去的状态（现在已经不喜欢了）
I
_________
you
have
liked
for
3
three
years.
现在完成时：
从三年前（过去的时间）开始，
以前喜欢，现在也喜欢，可能未来也喜欢下去
动作
时间
一般过去时
动作发生在过去，现在已停止
表过去的一个时间点或特定时间
现在完成时
动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响,并且仍可能在继续
表一段时间或不确定时间
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
yesterday
morning/afternoon/
evening,
just
now,......ago
for
2
years,
since
1997,already,
yet
The
cat
has
not
had
a
bowl
of
milk.
I
have
not
had
my
lunch.
否定句
I
have
not
had
a
burger.
I
have
not
had
a
cup
of
coffee.
否定句
（有情求情，有be求be，无情无be，请求助）
have/has后+not
1.
I
have
had
breakfast
.
I
haven’t
had
breakfast.
2.
Jacky
has
been
to
America
three
times.
Jacky
hasn’t
been
to
America
three
times.
改为否定句
Multiple-choice
I
_____
my
homework
already.
A.
finished
B.
have
finished
C.
has
finish
D.
finish
Have
you
________
met
Miss
Liu?
A.
done
B.
ago
C.
ever
D.
already
Multiple-choice
The
students
are
not
here,
they
___
England.
A.
have
been
to
B.
went
C.
has
gone
D.
have
gone
to
Multiple-choice
Every
student
_______
___(see)
the
film
already.
has
seen
Fill
in
the
blanks
--_______
you
___________
(finish)
your
homework
today?
--
Not
yet.
Have
finished
Fill
in
the
blanks
--Have
you
ever________
(been/gone)
to
the
cinema?
--Yes,
I
have.
been
Fill
in
the
blanks
I
have
been
to
Hong
Kong
before.
(改为一般疑问句)
_______________________________
Have
you
been
to
Hong
Kong
before?
Transform
I
have
already
seen
the
film.
(改为否定句)
_____________________________
I
haven’t
seen
the
film
yet.
Transform
I
did
my
homework
last
night.
(用already改写句子)
________________________________
I
have
already
done
my
homework.
Transform
Summy
Words
mess,
pack,
suitcase,
leave(left),
already
Grammar
现在完成时
（定义，结构，动词过去分词变化，句型转换），
一般过去时和现在完成时对比
Phrases
pack
the
suitcase,
in
a
mess
现在完成时
1.动作发生在过去（已经完成）
2.对现在有影响（对现在的意义）
3.有可能持续到未来（状态可延续）
主语+have/has+V-过分+其他
(do-did-done,
have-had-had,
leave-left-left)
时间关键词：
just,
already,
before,
ever,
never,
(not)
yet,
up
till
now,
for
six
months,
since
1955
不规则动词的过去式及过去分词
巧记规律
AAA:
put–
put
–put
let—let
–let
ABA:
become—became—become
ABB:
stand—stood—stood
ABC:
eat—
ate—eaten
cost-cost-cost
put-put-put
cut-cut-cut
let-let-let
set-set-set
hit-hit-hit
read-read-read
AAA
过去分词与原形是一样的:
run-ran-run
come-came-come
become-became-become
ABA
原型
过去式
过去分词
例词
-eep
-ept
-ept
keep-kept-kept
-ell
-old
-old
tell-told-told
-d
-t
-t
send-sent-sent
-ay
-aid
-aid
say-said-said
-n
-nt
-nt
learn-learnt-learnt
-ee-
-e-
-e-
meet-met-met
-ought
-ought
buy-bought-bought
-aught
-aught
catch-caught-caught
ABB(含规则动词)
ABC
原型
过去式
过去分词
例词
-eak
-oke
-oken
speak-spoke-spoken
-eal
-ole
-olen
steal-stole-stolen
-ear
-ore
-orn
wear-wore-worn
-ow（aw）
-ew
-own
grow-grew-grown
-i-
-a-
-u-
drink-drank-drunk
-i-
-o-
-n
drive-drove-driven
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