初中英语直接引语和间接引语

(共23张PPT)
I am the king of the whole world.
What does the lion say
Direct Speech and Reported Speech
引语的概念
直接引述别人的原话，叫 ____________;
直接引语
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _________。
间接引语
直接引语通常都用____________括起来，
引号“ ”
间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 ________。
宾语从句
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
She said, “I like singing. ”
She said, “I am waiting for a bus.”
She said, “I visited Europe last year.”
She said, “I have never met an American.”
She said, “I will see you next week.”
She said she liked singing.
She said she was waiting for a bus.
She said she had visited Europe the year before.
She said she had never met an American.
She said she would see me the next week.
SUMMARY
直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语　等相应变化.
历年中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：
1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；
2. 宾语从句的语序；
3. 宾语从句的时态。
中考考点
扫描
１、人称的变化
口诀 说　明 直接引语 间接引语
一
随
主
二随宾
第三
人称
不变
引号内的第一人
称变间引后与主
句主语的人称保
持一致
引号内的第二人
称变间引后与主
句宾语的人称保
持一致
引号内的第三人
称在变间引后人
称不变
She said,“ I like
Tennis.”
She said that she
liked tennis.
He said to Lily,
“ you must get
up early.”
He told Lily that
she must get up
early.
She said to me ,
“ They want to
help him.”
She told me that
they wanted to
help him.
一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般过去时
过去完成时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般将来时
过去将来时
The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.”
The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.
注: 直引若是客观真理,变为间引时,时态不变.
时态变化
2
直接引语
间接引语
指示代词
时 间 状 语
地点状语
方向性动词
this,
that,
these
those
now,
then,
today
that day
this week
that week
yesterday
the day before
last week
the week before
four days ago
four days before
the day before yesterday
two days before
tomorrow
the next/following day
next month
the next/following month
here
there
come,
go,
bring
take
情态动词
can, may, must
could,might,had to
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
She asked, “Have you seen the film ”
She asked me whether\if I had seen the film.
He asked, “Are you a doctor, John ”
He asked John if\whether he was a doctor.
She asked us, “Where are you going to get off ”
She asked us where we were going to get off.
He asked them, “Who gave you a talk yesterday ”
He asked them who had given them a talk the day before.
SUMMARY
直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。
直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词 if 或 whether 连接。
直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。
解题步骤:
1.陈述句
“I don’t like computers,” Sandy said to her friends.
Sandy said to her friends
that
I don’t like
computers.
said
didn’t
she
Sandy said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
直接引语为陈述句，
变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：
去掉引号加that，
人称时态要灵活。
Summary1
2.一般疑问句:
Is it easy to work out the problem
( They asked him )
They asked him
if
It is easy to work out the problem.
it is easy to work out the problem.
asked
is
was
They asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.
直接引语为一般疑问句，
变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：
去掉引号加whether/if，
陈述语序要记住，
时态人称和状语，
小心变化别马虎。
Summary2
3.特殊疑问句：
When do you harvest the wheat
( They asked him )
They asked him
when
you harvest the wheat
you harvest the wheat.
he
harvested
They asked him when he harvested the wheat.
直接引语是特殊疑问句，
变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：
直接去引号，
陈述莫忘掉，
小心助动词，
丢它最重要。
Summary3
注意事项
1) 人称
2) 时态
3) 相应的时间地点状语
4) 标点符号
5） 大小写
6） 问号改为句号
7） 语序---疑问改陈述
8） 宾语从句由什么引出
Exercises :
1). Betty says to Harry," I want to borrow your book.”
2).My teacher said , “she is a good student.”
Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to
borrow his Book.
My teacher said that she was a good student.
3) She asked me,” Do you agree with me ”
4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any
delicious food to eat ”
She asked me if I agreed with her.
Anne asked her mother if there was any
delicious food to eat.
5) “ What are you going to do ” he asked.
6）“How do you go to school every day ” asked Mr. Zhang.
He asked me what I was going to do.
Mr. Zhang asked how I went to school
everyday.
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