人教版（2019）高中英语必修三：Unit2 Morals and virtues grammar 课件（37张ppt）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）高中英语必修三：Unit2 Morals and virtues grammar 课件（37张ppt） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 3.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-05-16 02:03:36 | ||
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The present participle
分词是动词的三种非限定形式之一，分为两种：
现在分词（-ing分词）和过去分词（-ed分词）。
现在分词的形式是“动词原形＋-ing”，规则动词的过去分词是在动词原形后面加-ed。
现在分词与过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间概念上。在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。
在时间上，现在分词表示动作正在进行，而过去分词则表示动作的完成。
Object complement（宾语补足语）：
指在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，简称宾补。
宾语补足语位于宾语之后，补充说明宾语的意义的成分，与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
宾语补足语通常由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词或过去分词来充当。
S+V+O+C（主+谓+宾+宾补）
1. They elected Jim their monitor.
2. They painted the door green.
3. Bob’s wife locked him out.
4. Joe’s parents won’t allow him to chat online all the time.
5. I heard someone running outside.
6. The teacher finally made himself understood.
adj.
adv.
infinitive
present participle
past participle
n.
现在分词一般在以下几类动词后作宾语补足语：
1、表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如：
see, watch, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, catch, look at, listen to
I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.
Can you smell anything burning?
我感觉有人正在拍我的肩膀。
你能闻见有什么东西烧着了吗？
注意1：
We saw the lady crossing the road.
We saw the lady cross the road.
表示动作的进行，非全过程
表示动作的完成，全过程
注意2：
使用被动语态时，原来作宾语补足语的现在分词变为主语的补语
They heard him singing in the next room.
He was heard singing in the next room.
I found Mr. Smith working at his table.
Mr. Smith was found working at his table.
2、表示“致使”等意义的动词，如：
have, keep, get, leave, set
现在分词一般在以下几类动词后作宾语补足语：
I can’t get the clock going again.
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
I saw them come across the street.
I saw them coming across the street.
动词无to不定式与---ing 分词作宾补时的区别
强调动作的结果，完成或一次性动作
着重动作的过程，进行或反复的动作
With 结构
With + 名词或代词（宾格）+ 名词（短语）
+ 不定式（短语）
+现在分词（短语）
+过去分词（短语）
+介词短语
+形容词（短语）
+副词（短语）
e.g.He came into the room with his nose bleeding.
with his hair tied at the back.
*They went to the party without ______.
without______ me.
without any one_____.
inviting B. to invite C. invited D. being invited
*With Tom ___you ,you will be able to make rapid progress.
*With Tom ____ you , you have made great progress.
A.helping B. helped C. to help D. help
D
A
C
C
A
Practice : Please put the sentences into English.
Jack 在牙医的诊所把坏牙拔掉了。
看见那个老奶奶躺在地上，我过去帮她。
Jack got his bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.
When I saw the old lady lying on the ground, I went over to help her.
Seeing the old lady lying on the ground, I went over to help her.
3. 刷牙的时候别让水龙头一直开着。
4. 如果每个人都有正确的态度，我们会看到我们社会的环境问题会在不久的将来被解决。
Don’t leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
If everyone has the right attitude, we will see the environmental problems solved in our society in the near future.
Present participle
used as adverbial
分词作状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随或方式 ，
及独立成分。
分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，分词
与逻辑主语的关系是主动的，用现在分词，反之，用过去分词
1.Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
＝___________________ in the park, she saw an old friend.
当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在分词前面加上when/while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。
作时间状语(相当于一个时间状语从句)
When/While (she was) walking
2.Being ill, he couldn’t go to school.
＝_______________, he couldn’t go to school.
3.Working hard, you’ll make great progress.
＝_______________, you’ll make great progress.
原因状语(一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句)
As he was ill
作条件状语(一般放在句首，其前可以加if, unless等连词)
If you work hard
The plate dropped from her hands, breaking into pieces.
=The plate dropped from her hands______________.
盘子从她手中掉了下来，摔成了碎片。
结果状语
and broke into pieces
现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。前面有时候可以加thus。
而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。
1.He was caught in the rain, thus ________(make)himself catch a cold.
2.I hurried to school, only___________(find) it was Sunday.
making
to find
伴随状语
Living miles away , he attended the lecture .
= ____________________,he attended the lecture.
Although he was living miles away
让步状语
Using a stick , the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes .
=________________, the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes.
By using a stick
方式状语
现在分词做让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。
为强调动词?ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。
例如，加上when, while，强调与谓语动词同时发生；
加上before, after，强调动作先后发生；
加上thus，强调结果；
加上(al)though，强调让步等。
Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
尽管他们了解这一切，但还是让我赔偿损失。
Guidance and Exploration :
现在分词作状语存在时态和语态变化
2
时态
doing（一般式）动作同时发生
having done（完成式）现在分词的动作在主句动作前发生
being done
having been done
否定式在现在分词前加not
Not knowing this, he didn't come.
Not having made full preparations, we put off the sports meeting.
判断下列句子的正误：
①. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face.
②. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.
①. Hearing the news, she cried.
②. Looking out through the window, I found the garden was beautiful.
Guidance and Exploration :
1)现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句中主语一致.
Hearing
Hearing
Looking
tears
she
Looking
the garden
I
permitting, we'll do another two exercises.
如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。
Guidance and Exploration :
1)现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句中主语一致.
2)否则分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构叫做分词的独立结构。在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等。
Time
The trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.
那些树非常高，其中一些测量为90多米。
The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.
由于天气好，我们去散步了。
Finishing
Having finished his homework, the boy ran
Doing out to play.
Having done
doing 表示动作可发生于谓语动作之前，也可表示分词与谓语动作同时发生， having done则强调分词动作完成或于谓语动作之前。
终止性动作的doing 和having done 都表示发生在谓语动作之前，所以都可以用，但延续性动词的doing可表示发生在谓语动词之前，也可表示同时进行，所以若所需的动词发生在谓语之前，用having done 形式。
X
having been done 强调发生在谓语动作之前
done强调动作完成，已发生被动，不强调动作先后。
1.Having been given the wrong address, I
Given didn’t find his house.
2.Having been used for many years, the bike needs repairing.
Being used by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you.
3.Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.
5. Seen from the top of the hill , the whole city can be seen.
Seeing from the top of the hill , we can see the whole city.
To see the whole city , we should stand on the top of the hill.
See on the top of the hill, and you can see the whole city.
6. Working hard, you’ll succeed.
work hard, and you’ll succeed.
If you work hard, you’ll succeed.
7. Dressing quickly, he went out.
Dressed in a yellow skirt, the baby looks so cute.
be dressed in , be devoted to , be lost in thought, be faced with, be filled with,
be well-known for/as/to等作状语时，前无be.
5.分词或分词短语作独立成份（作状语或插入语）
strictly speaking ,generally speaking ,frankly speaking ,judging by
From， broadly speaking talking of , considering , supposing
Taking …into consideration,
Strictly speaking， this sentence is wrong .
Judging by the facts , Tom told us the truth .
The house cost him, roughly speaking, 200,000 dollars
consolidation
分析下列各句中现在分词作状语的类型
1.Hearing?the?news，they?all?jumped?with?joy.
2.Being?sick，I?stayed?at?home.
3.Her?husband?died?ten?years?ago,leaving?her?with?three?
children?to?look?after.
4.Living miles away, he attended the lecture.
5.He?sat?in?the?armchair，reading?a?newspaper.
6.They would be able to reply to our signals using similar methods.?
7.Taking the path that leads out of the town, you will come to a wood.
用所给词语的适当形式填空
1. All night long he lay awake, ______ (think) of the problem.
2. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus ____ (cause)the delay.
3. _____ (live) with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very
well.
4. Though _____(work) so hard, he failed again.
_______(not receive) his reply, she wrote another letter.
6. ________ (notice) by so many people, she felt nervous
, _________ (not know ) what to say.
7.After ___________ (tell) many times , he understood what was happening.
8. With?all?the?work??________?(do),?I?feel?very?relaxed?now.
thinking
causing
Having lived
working
Not having received
Noticed
not knowing
having been told
done
____ the work on time, or you will be scolded.
____ the work on time, they went home happily.
____ on time, the work was well done.
______ the work on time, they have to work 12 hours a day now.
_______on time, the work needs more people.
__ his mother, the boy ran to her immediately.
__from distance, the boy looks like a girl.
__ his mother, the boy climbed up on the wall and looked around.
A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To see
Complete
Completing
Completed
To complete
To be completed
B
C
D
对比练习
___the good news, they all jumped with joy.
A. Hear B. Heard C. Hearing D. To hear
___ to a tree, the boy is crying loudly.
Tie B. Tied C. Tying D. Being tied
___ only in one day , his new book is popular with young people.
A. Sell B. Sold C. Selling D. Being sold
C
B
B
___ college next year, he is working very hard.
___ college next year or it will be hard for you to find a job.
___ college this autumn, he is working even harder than before.
___ by more and more excellent students, the college becomes famous.
A. Enter B. Entering C. Entered D. To enter
D
A
B
C
汉译英
看了一眼旁边的猫，消防队员发现它奇迹般地未受伤。
2. 环顾四周，我惊奇地意识到，除了司机和售票员，公交车上只剩下我一个人了。
Glancing?at?the?cat?nearby,?the?fireman?found?it?
miraculously?unhurt.?
?
Looking?round,?I?realized?with?a?shock?that?I?was?the?only?
person?left?on?the?bus?except?the?driver?and?the?conductor.
3.装备着一种叫做“探测器”(The Revealer)的新机器，一支探宝队彻底地搜查整个洞穴，他们有信心探测到失踪的宝藏。
4. ?由于不知道哪一个是正确答案，他对于那四个选项迟疑不决。
Armed with a new machine called ‘The Revealer’, the search party searched the whole cave thoroughly, confident of detecting the lost treasure.
Not?knowing?which?the?correct?answer?was,?he?hesitated?over?the?four?choices.?
Thank you
分词是动词的三种非限定形式之一，分为两种：
现在分词（-ing分词）和过去分词（-ed分词）。
现在分词的形式是“动词原形＋-ing”，规则动词的过去分词是在动词原形后面加-ed。
现在分词与过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间概念上。在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。
在时间上，现在分词表示动作正在进行，而过去分词则表示动作的完成。
Object complement（宾语补足语）：
指在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，简称宾补。
宾语补足语位于宾语之后，补充说明宾语的意义的成分，与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
宾语补足语通常由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词或过去分词来充当。
S+V+O+C（主+谓+宾+宾补）
1. They elected Jim their monitor.
2. They painted the door green.
3. Bob’s wife locked him out.
4. Joe’s parents won’t allow him to chat online all the time.
5. I heard someone running outside.
6. The teacher finally made himself understood.
adj.
adv.
infinitive
present participle
past participle
n.
现在分词一般在以下几类动词后作宾语补足语：
1、表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如：
see, watch, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, catch, look at, listen to
I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.
Can you smell anything burning?
我感觉有人正在拍我的肩膀。
你能闻见有什么东西烧着了吗？
注意1：
We saw the lady crossing the road.
We saw the lady cross the road.
表示动作的进行，非全过程
表示动作的完成，全过程
注意2：
使用被动语态时，原来作宾语补足语的现在分词变为主语的补语
They heard him singing in the next room.
He was heard singing in the next room.
I found Mr. Smith working at his table.
Mr. Smith was found working at his table.
2、表示“致使”等意义的动词，如：
have, keep, get, leave, set
现在分词一般在以下几类动词后作宾语补足语：
I can’t get the clock going again.
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
I saw them come across the street.
I saw them coming across the street.
动词无to不定式与---ing 分词作宾补时的区别
强调动作的结果，完成或一次性动作
着重动作的过程，进行或反复的动作
With 结构
With + 名词或代词（宾格）+ 名词（短语）
+ 不定式（短语）
+现在分词（短语）
+过去分词（短语）
+介词短语
+形容词（短语）
+副词（短语）
e.g.He came into the room with his nose bleeding.
with his hair tied at the back.
*They went to the party without ______.
without______ me.
without any one_____.
inviting B. to invite C. invited D. being invited
*With Tom ___you ,you will be able to make rapid progress.
*With Tom ____ you , you have made great progress.
A.helping B. helped C. to help D. help
D
A
C
C
A
Practice : Please put the sentences into English.
Jack 在牙医的诊所把坏牙拔掉了。
看见那个老奶奶躺在地上，我过去帮她。
Jack got his bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.
When I saw the old lady lying on the ground, I went over to help her.
Seeing the old lady lying on the ground, I went over to help her.
3. 刷牙的时候别让水龙头一直开着。
4. 如果每个人都有正确的态度，我们会看到我们社会的环境问题会在不久的将来被解决。
Don’t leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
If everyone has the right attitude, we will see the environmental problems solved in our society in the near future.
Present participle
used as adverbial
分词作状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随或方式 ，
及独立成分。
分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，分词
与逻辑主语的关系是主动的，用现在分词，反之，用过去分词
1.Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
＝___________________ in the park, she saw an old friend.
当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在分词前面加上when/while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。
作时间状语(相当于一个时间状语从句)
When/While (she was) walking
2.Being ill, he couldn’t go to school.
＝_______________, he couldn’t go to school.
3.Working hard, you’ll make great progress.
＝_______________, you’ll make great progress.
原因状语(一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句)
As he was ill
作条件状语(一般放在句首，其前可以加if, unless等连词)
If you work hard
The plate dropped from her hands, breaking into pieces.
=The plate dropped from her hands______________.
盘子从她手中掉了下来，摔成了碎片。
结果状语
and broke into pieces
现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。前面有时候可以加thus。
而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。
1.He was caught in the rain, thus ________(make)himself catch a cold.
2.I hurried to school, only___________(find) it was Sunday.
making
to find
伴随状语
Living miles away , he attended the lecture .
= ____________________,he attended the lecture.
Although he was living miles away
让步状语
Using a stick , the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes .
=________________, the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes.
By using a stick
方式状语
现在分词做让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。
为强调动词?ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。
例如，加上when, while，强调与谓语动词同时发生；
加上before, after，强调动作先后发生；
加上thus，强调结果；
加上(al)though，强调让步等。
Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
尽管他们了解这一切，但还是让我赔偿损失。
Guidance and Exploration :
现在分词作状语存在时态和语态变化
2
时态
doing（一般式）动作同时发生
having done（完成式）现在分词的动作在主句动作前发生
being done
having been done
否定式在现在分词前加not
Not knowing this, he didn't come.
Not having made full preparations, we put off the sports meeting.
判断下列句子的正误：
①. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face.
②. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.
①. Hearing the news, she cried.
②. Looking out through the window, I found the garden was beautiful.
Guidance and Exploration :
1)现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句中主语一致.
Hearing
Hearing
Looking
tears
she
Looking
the garden
I
permitting, we'll do another two exercises.
如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。
Guidance and Exploration :
1)现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句中主语一致.
2)否则分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构叫做分词的独立结构。在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等。
Time
The trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.
那些树非常高，其中一些测量为90多米。
The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.
由于天气好，我们去散步了。
Finishing
Having finished his homework, the boy ran
Doing out to play.
Having done
doing 表示动作可发生于谓语动作之前，也可表示分词与谓语动作同时发生， having done则强调分词动作完成或于谓语动作之前。
终止性动作的doing 和having done 都表示发生在谓语动作之前，所以都可以用，但延续性动词的doing可表示发生在谓语动词之前，也可表示同时进行，所以若所需的动词发生在谓语之前，用having done 形式。
X
having been done 强调发生在谓语动作之前
done强调动作完成，已发生被动，不强调动作先后。
1.Having been given the wrong address, I
Given didn’t find his house.
2.Having been used for many years, the bike needs repairing.
Being used by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you.
3.Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.
5. Seen from the top of the hill , the whole city can be seen.
Seeing from the top of the hill , we can see the whole city.
To see the whole city , we should stand on the top of the hill.
See on the top of the hill, and you can see the whole city.
6. Working hard, you’ll succeed.
work hard, and you’ll succeed.
If you work hard, you’ll succeed.
7. Dressing quickly, he went out.
Dressed in a yellow skirt, the baby looks so cute.
be dressed in , be devoted to , be lost in thought, be faced with, be filled with,
be well-known for/as/to等作状语时，前无be.
5.分词或分词短语作独立成份（作状语或插入语）
strictly speaking ,generally speaking ,frankly speaking ,judging by
From， broadly speaking talking of , considering , supposing
Taking …into consideration,
Strictly speaking， this sentence is wrong .
Judging by the facts , Tom told us the truth .
The house cost him, roughly speaking, 200,000 dollars
consolidation
分析下列各句中现在分词作状语的类型
1.Hearing?the?news，they?all?jumped?with?joy.
2.Being?sick，I?stayed?at?home.
3.Her?husband?died?ten?years?ago,leaving?her?with?three?
children?to?look?after.
4.Living miles away, he attended the lecture.
5.He?sat?in?the?armchair，reading?a?newspaper.
6.They would be able to reply to our signals using similar methods.?
7.Taking the path that leads out of the town, you will come to a wood.
用所给词语的适当形式填空
1. All night long he lay awake, ______ (think) of the problem.
2. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus ____ (cause)the delay.
3. _____ (live) with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very
well.
4. Though _____(work) so hard, he failed again.
_______(not receive) his reply, she wrote another letter.
6. ________ (notice) by so many people, she felt nervous
, _________ (not know ) what to say.
7.After ___________ (tell) many times , he understood what was happening.
8. With?all?the?work??________?(do),?I?feel?very?relaxed?now.
thinking
causing
Having lived
working
Not having received
Noticed
not knowing
having been told
done
____ the work on time, or you will be scolded.
____ the work on time, they went home happily.
____ on time, the work was well done.
______ the work on time, they have to work 12 hours a day now.
_______on time, the work needs more people.
__ his mother, the boy ran to her immediately.
__from distance, the boy looks like a girl.
__ his mother, the boy climbed up on the wall and looked around.
A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To see
Complete
Completing
Completed
To complete
To be completed
B
C
D
对比练习
___the good news, they all jumped with joy.
A. Hear B. Heard C. Hearing D. To hear
___ to a tree, the boy is crying loudly.
Tie B. Tied C. Tying D. Being tied
___ only in one day , his new book is popular with young people.
A. Sell B. Sold C. Selling D. Being sold
C
B
B
___ college next year, he is working very hard.
___ college next year or it will be hard for you to find a job.
___ college this autumn, he is working even harder than before.
___ by more and more excellent students, the college becomes famous.
A. Enter B. Entering C. Entered D. To enter
D
A
B
C
汉译英
看了一眼旁边的猫，消防队员发现它奇迹般地未受伤。
2. 环顾四周，我惊奇地意识到，除了司机和售票员，公交车上只剩下我一个人了。
Glancing?at?the?cat?nearby,?the?fireman?found?it?
miraculously?unhurt.?
?
Looking?round,?I?realized?with?a?shock?that?I?was?the?only?
person?left?on?the?bus?except?the?driver?and?the?conductor.
3.装备着一种叫做“探测器”(The Revealer)的新机器，一支探宝队彻底地搜查整个洞穴，他们有信心探测到失踪的宝藏。
4. ?由于不知道哪一个是正确答案，他对于那四个选项迟疑不决。
Armed with a new machine called ‘The Revealer’, the search party searched the whole cave thoroughly, confident of detecting the lost treasure.
Not?knowing?which?the?correct?answer?was,?he?hesitated?over?the?four?choices.?
Thank you