高中英语人教（新课程标准）选修 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions词汇课件（共42张ppt）

(共42张PPT)
Inventors
and
inventions
Book
8
Unit
3
话题词汇
1.breakthrough
n.突破；重大进展
2.convenience
n.便利；方便
3.electronic
adj.电子的
4.intelligent
adj.智能的
5.invention
n.发明；创造
6.technical
adj.技术的；工艺的
7.be
in
the
lead领先
8.follow
the
fashion追随时尚
9.in
the
field
of
science在科学领域
10.with
the
development
of
随着……的发展
晨背佳作
积累素材
话题佳作
请你根据下表所提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍车轮的发明及其影响，并谈一谈你对车轮的看法。
最早出现时间
大约6
500年前
最早出现地点
亚洲
发　展
由仅用于运输重物发展为用于轮式车辆；
由木制发展为钢制
影　响
使人可以快速搬动大大超过自身重量的物体；
促成多种技术的发展与进步
佳作欣赏
Researchers
have
proved
that
the
first
wheel
was
invented
about
6,500
years
ago
in
Asia.At
first，it
was
only
a
tool
that
was
invented
to
help
people
transport
heavy
things
till
it
became
a
part
of
a
vehicle.As
the
time
went
by，the
material
of
making
the
wheel
has
changed
from
wood
to
steel
with
the
development
of
modern
technology.We
can
say
the
invention
of
the
wheel
is
rather
important
for
human
beings.It
not
only
makes
it
possible
for
people
to
move
the
things
much
heavier
than
themselves
quickly
but
also
helps
with
the
development
of
several
kinds
of
technologies.I
believe
the
invention
of
the
wheel
also
makes
the
development
of
human
society
faster.
名师点睛
本文结构如下：(1)指出说明对象——车轮的发明；(2)围绕要点进行说明：最早出现的时间及地点；制作材料与用途的发展变化；对人类的影响；(3)个人的观点。文章使用了宾语从句、定语从句、时间状语从句，not
only...but
also...句式等；at
first，go
by，with
the
development
of等一些过渡性词汇和高级词汇的使用，使文章条理清晰，读起来更加流畅。
Ⅰ.写作必记单词
1.
adj.便利的；方便的；就近的
n.方便；便利
2.
adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的
3.
vt.抓住；捉住；夺
4.
n.文件；档案；文件夹
vt.提交；将……归档
5.
adj.冰冻的；严寒的
vt.&
vi.冻结；凝固
重点单词
1
convenient
convenience
passive
seize
file
freezing
freeze
6.
vt.忍受；忍耐；负担
7.
n.(水或气)流；电流
adj.现在的；当前的
8.
vt.联想；联系
n.同伴；伙伴
n.联盟；社团；联想
9.
adj.实际的；实践的；实用的
adv.实际上；事实上
vt.&
vi.&
n.实践；练习
bear
current
associate
association
practical
practically
practice
Ⅱ.阅读识记单词
10.distinguish
vi.&
vt._____________________________________
adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的；高贵的；有尊严的
11.merciful
adj._______________________
n.仁慈；慈悲；宽容
12.product
n.____
vt.生产
13.abrupt
adj.______________
14.caution
n.___________
adj.小心的；谨慎的
显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别
distinguished
宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的
mercy
产品
produce
突然的；意外的
小心；谨慎
cautious
15.expectation
n._________________
vt.&
vi.预料；期待；期望
16.merry
adj._______________
17.valid
adj._______________
18.ripe
adj.____________
19.identification
n.___________________________
20.innocent
adj.______________________
n.清白；无罪；天真
21.dynamic
adj.___________________________________________
预料；期待；期望
expect
愉快的；高兴的
有效的；确凿的
熟的；成熟的
鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明
清白的；无罪的；天真的
innocence
充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的
22.tap
vt.&
vi._________________
n.________________________
23.stable
adj.______________________
24.extension
n._____________________
petence
n._________________
adj.能胜任的；有能力的；称职的
轻打；轻拍；轻敲
轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头
稳固的；稳定的；安定的
电话分机；扩大；延伸
能力；胜任；本领
competent
语境活用　
[用所给词的正确形式填空]
1.The
heat
was
(bear)—almost
125°F
even
in
the
shade
of
a
cactus(仙人掌).(浙江)
2.If
you
are
interested，please
send
an
application
email
at
your
earliest
(convenient)
to
Ms.
Chen
at
chenlaoshi@.
(陕西)
3.The
first
thing
he
did
was
to
find
shelter
from
the
(freeze)
wind
and
snow.(北京)
4.They
asked
her
to
be
(mercy)
to
the
prisoners.
unbearable
convenience
freezing
merciful
5.Also
be
(caution)
about
expressing
emotions.(重庆)
6.Others—apparently
including
some
(distinguish)
men
of
our
time—are
spending
total
fortunes
on
them.
cautious
distinguished
1.
给……打电话
2.
偶尔；有时
3.
开始；着手
4.
迅速把手伸入；一心投入
5.
开始(做)
6.
不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住
7.
次序颠倒；发生故障
8.
设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过
9.
回复电话
10.
挂断电话
高频短语
2
call
up
now
and
then
set
about
dive
into
set
out
(to
do)
hang
on
out
of
order
get
through
ring
back
ring
off
语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]
One
day，a
student
1.
(给我打电话)
abruptly，saying
that
she
graduated
and
2.
(开始做某事)
hunting
for
a
job.She
is
fortunate，because
a
firm
just
wants
a
person
to
manage
files.But
only
by
3.
(通过)
the
interview
can
she
get
the
job.She
wants
to
seize
the
current
chance
and
make
full
preparations.
called
me
up
set
about
getting
through
1.形容词短语作状语
Prepared
with
some
research
findings，I
decided
on
three
possible
approaches：...
经过一番研究准备之后，我决定了三种可能的方法：……
仿写　由于担心旅馆的费用，昨晚我没睡好。
，I
didn’t
sleep
well
last
night.
经典句式
3
Worried
about
the
hotel
bill
2.
“only＋状语(从句)”引起的倒装
Only
after
you
have
had
that
recognition
can
you
say
that
you
are
truly
an
inventor.
只有你获得那种认证之后，你才能说你是一个真正的发明者。
仿写　只有当他为自己的无礼道歉时，我才会再和他说话。
Only
when
he
apologizes
for
his
rudeness
again.
will
I
speak
to
him
3.祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句
Follow
it
up，explore
all
around
it，and
before
you
know
it，you
will
have
something
worth
thinking
about
to
occupy
your
mind.
跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。
仿写　穿暖和点，不然你会感冒的。
Dress
warmly，or
you’ll
catch
a
cold.
(1)For
example，these
robots
will
be
able
to
distinguish
when
someone
is
happy
or
sad.
例如，这些机器人能够辨别人什么时候高兴，什么时候伤心。
(天津)
(2)The
Chinese
nation
its
diligence
and
courage.
中华民族以勤劳勇敢著称。
1
distinguish
v.区分；辨别；分清；显示……的差别；使有别于
突破核心词汇
边讲
边练
is
distinguished
for
(1)distinguish...from...(distinguish
between...and...)使……有别于……的特征；区别……和……
(2)distinguished
adj.著名的；卓著的；高贵的
be
distinguished
for因……而出名
基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)
(distinguish)
guests
and
friends，welcome
to
our
school.
(2)It’s
important
to
distinguish
right
wrong.
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(3)He
was
distinguished
for
his
knowledge
of
economics
and
was
elected
as
head
of
the
economic
school.(用分词短语作状语改写)
层级训练
Distinguished
from
Distinguished
for
his
knowledge
of
economics，he
was
elected
as
head
of
the
economic
school.
(1)However，a
plan
can
bear
no
fruit
without
being
actually
carried
out.
但是，计划不经执行就不会产生结果。(浙江)
(2)
that
success
comes
from
hard
work.
记住：成功来自于努力。
2
bear
vt.忍受；忍耐；负担；运送；生(孩子)；结(果实)
bear
doing/to
do...忍受做……
bear
sb./sb.’s
doing...容忍某人做……
bear
sb.to
do...忍受某人做……
keep/bear
sth.in
mind牢记……
Bear
in
mind
名师点拨
(1)bear表示“容忍，忍耐”时多与can/could连用，且多用于否定句和疑问句中。
(2)bear的过去分词形式，作“生育，生产”讲时用borne；作“出生”或“出身”时用born。
基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)Mary
him
six
sons
and
the
eldest
son
in
1970.(bear)
(2)He
can’t
bear
(laugh)
at.
(3)I
can’t
bear
him
(treat)
his
parents
like
that.
写作能力提升——[一句多译]
(4)那个妇女已生了两个孩子。
①
(bear)
②
(birth)
③
(deliver)
层级训练
has
borne
was
born
being
laughed/to
be
laughed
treating/to
treat
The
woman
has
borne
two
children.
The
woman
has
given
birth
to
two
children.
The
woman
has
been
delivered
of
two
children.
(1)Some
people
say
that
classical
music
is
associated
only
with
old
people.
有人说古典音乐只与老年人有关。(安徽)
(2)We
keep
searching
the
crashed
airplane
another
rescue
team
from
Australia.
我们正和另一支来自澳大利亚的救援队联合搜寻失事的飞机。
3
associate
v.使联合；联想，联系；交往
n.同伴；伙伴
in
association
with
(1)associate...with...把……和……联系起来
be
associated
with和……有关
associate
with和……交往或打交道
(2)association
n.[C]协会；社团；[U]联合；结合；交往
in
association
with和……联合
基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)Never
associate
bad
companions.
(2)In
the
children’s
minds
summer
(associate)
with
picnics.
(3)He
associated
(he)
with
his
brother
in
banking.
(4)There
are
many
serious
health
problems
(associate)
with
smoking.
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(5)He
was
associated
with
the
murder，so
he
was
arrested.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
层级训练
with
is
associated
himself
associated
Associated
with
the
murder，he
was
arrested.
seize
v.抓住；捉住；夺取；把握；逮捕
突破常考词汇
自主训练　
4
[单句语法填空]
(1)He
who
(seize)
the
right
moment
is
the
right
man.
(2)The
boy
seized
the
rain
as
an
excuse
for
missing
school.
[单句改错]
(3)The
man
seized
me
by
my
arm.
seizes
on
the
[完成句子]
(4)抓住这个机会，你会成功的。
and
you’ll
succeed.
Seize
the
chance
名师点拨
seize
sb.
by
the
arm抓住某人的胳膊
seize
on/upon抓住(可利用的事物)；突然对……大为关注
call
up召唤；使回忆起；提出；给……打电话；征召入伍
5
[写出下列句子中call
up的汉语意思]
(1)When
I’m
in
Pittsburgh，I
call
him
up.
_____________
(2)If
war
breaks
out，we
shall
be
called
up
right
away.
________
(3)The
movie
called
up
visions
of
my
childhood.
__________
给……打电话
征召入伍
使回忆起
[短语填空]
call
up，call
on，call
off，call
for
(4)The
picnic
because
of
the
rain.
(5)Let’s
stop
off
and
Tim
and
his
family.
(6)These
pictures
memories
of
those
beautiful
days
when
they
stayed
in
Hainan
during
the
summer
holiday.
(7)The
worried
mother
posted
the
letter
of
asking
for
help
online，
kind
netizens
to
help
her
find
her
missing
son.
was
called
off
call
on
call
up
calling
for
get
through通过；设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；用完；完成；到达；用完；完成；到达；(使某人)熬过困难时期
6
[写出下列句子中get
through的汉语意思]
(1)We
got
through
a
fortune
while
we
were
in
New
York！
____
(2)I
tried
to
ring
my
girlfriend
but
I
couldn’t
get
through.
________
(3)Let’s
start；there’s
a
lot
of
work
to
get
through.
_____
(4)Do
you
think
the
bill
will
get
through
Parliament？
_____
用完
接通电话
完成
通过
名师点拨
表示“用电话接通到(联系到)某人”用get
through
to
sb.。
7
Follow
it
up，explore
all
around
it，and
before
you
know
it，you
will
have
something
worth
thinking
about
to
occupy
your
mind.
跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。
突破经典句型
点拨规律　
句型：祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句
(1)Hurry
up
or
we’ll
be
late.
快点，否则我们要迟到。(朗文词典)
(2)
，and
you’ll
succeed.
再努力一下，你就会成功。
One
more
effort
“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句”为常见句型。该结构中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句，所以用一般将来时。在该句型中，祈使句有时也可用名词短语表示。
基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)
(turn)
around，he
found
his
wallet
on
the
ground.
(2)Study
hard，and
you
(pass)
the
exam.
(3)Seize
the
chance，
you
won’t
have
one
any
more.
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(4)Lend
her
a
hand，and
she
will
be
grateful
to
you.
(用含有条件句的复合句改写)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(5)Work
hard，and
you
will
succeed.(用分词短语作状语改写)
__________________________________________________________________________________
层级训练
Turning
will
pass
or/otherwise
If
you
lend
her
a
hand，she
will
be
grateful
to
you.
Working
hard，you
will
succeed.
Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
When
the
writer
called
up
her
mother
in
the
countryside
1.
the
phone，she
learned
that
snakes
came
near
their
house
and
that
the
snakes
2.
(seem)
to
have
made
their
home
there.
The
writer
felt
proud
and
considered
3.
a
chance
for
her
to
distinguish
herself
by
inventing
something
merciful
that
would
catch
snakes
but
not
harm
them.
She
set
about
4.
(research)
the
habits
of
snakes.
She
decided
to
cool
them
so
that
they
could
be
easily
caught.
on
seemed
it
researching
5.
，her
first
two
plans
were
not
successful.As
6.
result，she
had
to
attempt
a
7.
time，which
helped
her
fulfill
her
aim
8.
(success).9.
(press)
by
her
friends
and
relations，she
decided
to
send
her
10.
(invent)
to
the
patent
office
to
get
recognition
for
her
successful
idea.
third
Pressed
successfully
invention
However
a
Ⅱ.教材与短文改错
Alexander
Graham
Bell
born
in
1847
in
Scotland.
When
he
was
young，his
family
moves
to
Boston，USA.
His
mother
was
almost
entire
deaf.
After
that，he
became
interested
in
help
deaf
people
communicate
and
in
deaf
education.
He
found
that
by
pressing
his
lips
against
his
mother’s
forehead，he
could
make
the
bones
move
in
so
a
way
that
she
could
understand
that
he
was
saying.
∧
was
moved
entirely
helping
such
what
It
was
his
exploring
around
problems
and
his
dynamic
spirit
which
led
to
his
inventions.What’s
more，he
was
in
the
truth
a
continuing
searcher.
I
improved
the
quality
of
everybody’s
life
by
finding
much
practical
solutions.
that
He
many
Ⅲ.教材与微写作
写作素材(关于专利)
1.Thomas先生是一个谨慎的商人，他的产品获得了专利。
2.但是，后来他发现他的产品没有达到标准。
3.他抓住机会着手来改善产品。
4.他希望自己的产品能经受得住检验。
5.他也希望他的收入会稳定增长。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句，that引导的宾语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Mr.
Thomas，who
was
a
cautious
businessman，got
a
patent
for
his
products.But
later
he
found
his
products
didn’t
live
up
to
their
criteria.He
seized
the
chance
and
set
out
to
improve
them.He
expected
that
his
products
could
bear
the
tests
and
that
his
income
would
have
a
stable
increase.
本课结束