中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人教版九年级中考英语总复习语法专题
一般将来时讲义
英文中将时间分为4类,即现在时、过去时、将来时、过去将来时,状态也分4类,即一般态、进行态、完成态、完成进行态。“4时”与“4态”交叉组合,共计16种时态。初中阶段主要掌握8种时态,即一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。
状态
时间
一般态
进行态
完成态
完成进行态
现在时
一般现在时
现在进行时
现在完成时
现在完成进行时
过去时
一般过去时
过去进行时
过去完成时
过去完成进行时
将来时
一般将来时
将来进行时
将来完成时
将来完成进行时
过去将来时
一般过去将来时
过去将来进行时
过去将来完成时
过去将来完成进行时
★
以动词do为例,分别举例说明16种时态的基本结构。
一般态
进行态
完成态
完成进行态
现在时
I
do.
I
am
doing.
I
have
done.
I
have
been
doing.
You
do.
You
are
doing.
You
have
done.
You
have
been
doing.
He
does.
He
is
doing.
He
has
done.
He
has
been
doing.
We
do.
We
are
doing.
We
have
done.
We
have
been
doing.
They
do.
They
are
doing.
They
have
done.
They
have
been
doing.
过去时
I
did.
I
was
doing.
I
had
done.
I
had
been
doing.
You
did.
You
were
doing.
You
had
done.
You
had
been
doing.
He
did.
He
was
doing.
He
had
done.
He
had
been
doing.
We
did.
We
were
doing.
We
had
done.
We
had
been
doing.
They
did.
They
were
doing.
They
had
done.
They
had
been
doing.
将来时
I
shall
do.
I
shall
be
doing.
I
shall
have
done.
I
shall
have
been
doing.
You
will
do.
You
will
be
doing.
You
will
have
done.
You
will
have
been
doing.
He
will
do.
He
will
be
doing.
He
will
have
done.
He
will
have
been
doing.
We
shall
do.
We
shall
be
doing.
We
shall
have
done.
We
shall
have
been
doing.
They
will
do.
They
will
be
doing.
They
will
have
done.
They
will
have
been
doing.
过去将来时
I
would
do.
I
would
be
doing.
I
would
have
done.
I
would
have
been
doing.
You
would
do.
You
would
be
doing.
You
would
have
done.
You
would
have
been
doing.
He
would
do.
He
would
be
doing.
He
would
have
done.
He
would
have
been
doing.
We
would
do.
We
would
be
doing.
We
would
have
done.
We
would
have
been
doing.
They
would
do.
They
would
be
doing.
They
would
have
done.
They
would
have
been
doing.
一、一般将来时概述
◆
表示将来单一的动作。(这是最常见的用法,多表示预测、计划、意愿。常伴有时间状语tomorrow/tomorrow
morning/next
month/next
year或“in+一段时间”
)
eg:My
friend
will
go
to
China
next
year.
我的朋友明年去中国。
He'll
go
hiking
tomorrow.
他明天要去远足。
◆
表示将来反复发生的动作。
eg:I'll
call
you
many
times
tomorrow.
明天我会给你打很多次电话。
◆
表示将来持续的动作和状态。
eg:She's
going
to
be
a
teacher.
她打算当一名教师。(持续)
He
will
get
married.
他将要结婚了。(持续)
二、一般将来时的结构
1、一般将来时的肯定句
句型:主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他.
主语+be(am/is/are)
going
to
+动词原形+其他.
will用于各种人称,shall用于第一人称,be随人称、数和时态的变化而变化,will在人称代词后常简略为'll。
eg:They'll
have
a
test
next
week.
他们下周将进行一场测验。
We
will/shall
visit
the
Summer
Palace.
我们将游览颐和园。
I'm
going
to
write
a
letter
to
my
friend.
我打算给我的朋友写一封信。
2、一般将来时的否定句(在will/shall/be后加not)
句型:主语+will/shall
not+动词原形+其他.
主语+be(am/is/are)
not
going
to+动词原形+其他.
eg:These
girls
won't
play
tennis
this
afternoon.
这些女孩儿今天下午将不打网球。
I
shan't
go
back
to
my
hometown
next
Sunday.
下周日我将不回我的家乡了。
He
isn't
going
to
join
the
club.
他不打算参加俱乐部了。
The
teachers
won't
write
on
the
blackboard
with
chalk
any
more.
老师们不再用粉笔在黑板上写字。
3、一般将来时的疑问句(将will/shall/be提到主语前面)
句型:Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他?
Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+going
to+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+be(am/is/are)/will/shall.
否定回答:No,主语+be(am/is/are)/will/shall
not.
eg:-Will
the
students
watch
the
match?
学生们将会看比赛吗?
-Yes,
they
will.是的,他们会。/No,
they
will
not.
不,
他们不会。
-Shall
we
go
to
the
zoo
tomorrow?
明天我们去动物园吗?
-Yes,we
will/shall.是的,
我们明天去
/
No,we
won't/shall
not
不,明天我们不去。
-Are
you
going
to
visit
your
friends?
你打算去看望你的朋友们吗?
-Yes,
I
am.是的,我会。/No,
I
am
not.
不,
我不会。
4、一般将来时的特殊疑问句
句型:疑问词+一般将来时的一般疑问句?
eg:What
are
you
going
to
be
when
you
grow
up?
你长大后打算做什么?
What
will
you
do?你要干什么?
三、一般将来时的标志词
1、tomorrow(明天):tomorrow
morning/afternoon/evening
明天早上/下午/晚上
eg:I
will
drink
coffee
with
my
friend
tomorrow
afternoon.
明天下午我将要和我的朋友喝咖啡。
2、next(下一个):
next
year/month/week(明年、下一个月、下周)
eg:I'm
going
to
school
next
year.
我明年要上学了。
3、soon(很快)
the
day
after
tomorrow(后天)
in
the
future
(在将来)
eg:He
will
come
to
see
you
the
day
after
tomorrow.
他后天要来看你。
4、in+一段时间:in
two
days(两天后)
in
three
minutes
(三分钟后);对in+
一段时间“一段时间之后”提问要用How
soon
“多久后”
eg:Lunch
will
be
ready
in
three
minutes.午饭三分钟后就好了。
-How
soon
will
you
finish
the
work?
你多久才能完成这项工作?
-in
three
hours
三小时后
5、this
morning/afternoon/evening
今天早上/下午/晚上
eg:I
will
see
a
film
this
evening.
我今晚要去看电影。
四、there
be句型的一般将来时
There
be句型的一般将来时:There
will
be……意为“将有;会有”
=There
is/are
going
to
be……
否定句形式是:There
won't
be……
一般疑问句形式是:Will
there
be……
eg:There
will
be
a
film
this
evening.
今晚将有一场电影。
There
won't
be
a
film
this
evening.
今晚将没有电影。
-Will
there
be
a
film
this
evening?
今晚将有一场电影吗?
-Yes,there
will./No,there
won't.
是的,将会有。/
不,将没有。
注意:?
there
be句型中的主谓一致遵循“就近一致”原则,即谓语动词be和最靠近它的名词在数上保持一致。
eg:There
is
a
book
and
two
rulers
on
the
desk.
书桌上有一本书和两把尺子。
There
are
three
rulers
and
a
book
on
the
desk.
书桌上有三把尺子和一本书
?
there
be与have/has的区别:前者表示某地存在某物;后者表示“拥有”的意思。二者有时可以相互转换。
eg:There
are
twenty
classes
in
our
school.
我们学校有20个班级。
=Our
school
has
twenty
classes.
五、一般将来时的其他结构
1、一般现在时表将来
①
表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的动作,用一般现在时表将来,这样的动词有start,
leave,
come,
go
等。
eg:The
term
starts
on
September
1st.
这个学期将于9月1日开学。
②
在时间或条件状语从句中,要用一般现在时表示将来。(主将从现)
eg:We
will
have
a
sports
meeting
if
it
doesn't
rain
next
Friday.
如果下周五不下雨,我们
将举行一次运动会。
2、现在进行时表将来
某些表示趋向性或转移性的动词,常用现在进行时表示将来,如come,
go,
fly,
arrive,
leave
等
eg:They
are
leaving
for
Beijing
tomorrow.
明天他们将动身去北京。
They
are
flying
to
Guangdong
next
Sunday.
下周日他们将飞往广东。
We're
leaving
now.
我们这就走。
The
bus
is
coming。公共汽车要来了。
3、be
to(do)表示将来
当表示安排、计划在近期将发生的事情,或者表示过去曾经计划要做的事时,用be
to
(do)结构。
eg:There
is
to
be
an
exhibition
next
month
here.下个月这里有个展览。
She
is
to
be
here
at
10:00
a.m.
tomorrow.
她将于明天上午10点抵达这里。
4、be
about
to
(do)表示将来
表达事情或动作马上、很快就要发生时,用be
about
to
(do)结构,一般不用时间状语,但有时也可与when连用。
eg:The
bell
is
about
to
ring.
马上就要响铃了。
Their
daughter
is
about
to
get
married.
他们的女儿很快将要结婚了。
We
were
about
to
go
to
a
movie
when
Monica
appeared.
我们正要去看电影,这时莫妮卡来了。
六、be
going
to与
will
的区别
1、对未来事情的预测用“will
+动词原形”表达,will没有人称和数的变化。变否定句要在will后加not,也可用will和not的缩写形式won't;变一般疑问句将will提至句首。
eg:Students
won't
use
books
to
study.
学生将不用书学习了。
Will
planes
be
very
large
in
the
future?
未来飞机会很大吗?
--Yes,they
will.
/No,they
won't.
是的,它们会。/不,它们不会。
2、will常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情,而be
going
to常表示事情很快就要发生。
eg:I
believe
Lucy
will
be
a
great
doctor.
我相信露西将会成为一名很棒的医生。
He
is
going
to
become
successful.
他就要成功了。
3、陈述将来的某个事实用will。
eg:I
will
be
ten
years
old
next
year.
明年我就10岁了。
4、表示现在决定将来要做的事情用will。
eg:I'm
tired.
I'll
go
to
bed.
我累了。我要睡觉了。
5、表示意愿用will。
eg:I'll
tell
you
the
truth.
我要告诉你真相。
6、表示计划、打算要做的事情用be
going
to,而不用will
eg:I'm
going
to
buy
a
computer
this
month.
这个月我打算买一台电脑。
总结:“be
going
to+动原”,计划、准备或打算。表可能,有必然,通过现象来推断。be的形式需注意,它要随着主语变。否定句,很简单,not放在be后边。疑问句,需牢记,be应提到主语前。
句型总结(必背句型)
1、句型结构
1、be
going
to
形式:
肯定句:主语+be
(am/
is/
are)
going
to+动词原形+其他.
否定句:主语+be
(am/
is/
are)n't
going
to+动词原形+其他.
—般疑问句:Be
(Am/
Is/
Are)+主语+going
to+动词原形+其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be
(am/
is/
are)+主语+going
to+动词原形+其他?
2、will形式(shall就不总结了,因为只能用在we/I后):
肯定句:主语+will+动词原形+其他.
否定句:主语+won’t
+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句:Will+主语+动词原形+其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他?
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人教版
九年级
九年级中考英语总复习
一般将来时
Language
points
英文中将时间分为4类,即现在时、过去时、将来时、过去将来时,状态也分4类,即一般态、进行态、完成态、完成进行态。“4时”与“4态”交叉组合,共计16种时态。初中阶段主要掌握8种时态,即一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。
一般态
进行态
完成态
完成进行态
现在时
一般现在时
现在进行时
现在完成时
现在完成进行时
过去时
一般过去时
过去进行时
过去完成时
过去完成进行时
将来时
一般将来时
将来进行时
将来完成时
将来完成进行时
过去将来时
一般过去将来时
过去将来进行时
过去将来完成时
过去将来完成进行时
Language
points
一、一般将来时概述
◆
表示将来单一的动作。(这是最常见的用法,多表示预测、计划、意愿。常伴有时间状语tomorrow/tomorrow
morning/next
month/next
year或“in+一段时间”
)
eg:My
friend
will
go
to
China
next
year.
我的朋友明年去中国。
He'll
go
hiking
tomorrow.
他明天要去远足。
◆
表示将来反复发生的动作。
eg:I'll
call
you
many
times
tomorrow.
明天我会给你打很多次电话。
◆
表示将来持续的动作和状态。
eg:She's
going
to
be
a
teacher.
她打算当一名教师。(持续)
He
will
get
married.
他将要结婚了。(持续)
Language
points
二、一般将来时的结构
1、一般将来时的肯定句
句型:主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他.
主语+be(am/is/are)
going
to
+动词原形+其他.
will用于各种人称,shall用于第一人称,be随人称、数和时态的变化而变化,will在人称代词后常简略为'll。
eg:They'll
have
a
test
next
week.
他们下周将进行一场测验。
We
will/shall
visit
the
Summer
Palace.
我们将游览颐和园。
I'm
going
to
write
a
letter
to
my
friend.
我打算给我的朋友写一封信。
Language
points
2、一般将来时的否定句(在will/shall/be后加not)
句型:主语+will/shall
not+动词原形+其他.
主语+be(am/is/are)
not
going
to+动词原形+其他.
eg:These
girls
won't
play
tennis
this
afternoon.
这些女孩儿今天下午将不打网球。
I
shan't
go
back
to
my
hometown
next
Sunday.
下周日我将不回我的家乡了。
He
isn't
going
to
join
the
club.
他不打算参加俱乐部了。
The
teachers
won't
write
on
the
blackboard
with
chalk
any
more.
老师们不再用粉笔在黑板上写字。
Language
points
3、一般将来时的疑问句(将will/shall/be提到主语前面)
句型:Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他?
Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+going
to+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+be(am/is/are)/will/shall.
否定回答:No,主语+be(am/is/are)/will/shall
not.
eg:-Will
the
students
watch
the
match?
学生们将会看比赛吗?
-Yes,
they
will.是的,他们会。/No,
they
will
not.
不,
他们不会。
-Shall
we
go
to
the
zoo
tomorrow?
明天我们去动物园吗?
-Yes,we
will/shall.是的,
我们明天去
-No,we
won't/shall
not
不,明天我们不去。
-Are
you
going
to
visit
your
friends?
你打算去看望你的朋友们吗?
-Yes,
I
am.是的,我会。/No,
I
am
not.
不,
我不会。
Language
points
4、一般将来时的特殊疑问句
句型:疑问词+一般将来时的一般疑问句?
eg:What
are
you
going
to
be
when
you
grow
up?
你长大后打算做什么?
What
will
you
do?你要干什么?
Language
points
三、一般将来时的标志词
1、tomorrow(明天):tomorrow
morning/afternoon/evening
明天早上/下午/晚上
eg:I
will
drink
coffee
with
my
friend
tomorrow
afternoon.
明天下午我将要和我的朋友喝咖啡。
2、next(下一个):
next
year/month/week(明年、下一个月、下周)
eg:I'm
going
to
school
next
year.
我明年要上学了。
3、soon(很快)
the
day
after
tomorrow(后天)
in
the
future
(在将来)
eg:He
will
come
to
see
you
the
day
after
tomorrow.
他后天要来看你。
Language
points
4、in+一段时间:in
two
days(两天后)
in
three
minutes
(三分钟后);对in+
一段时间“一段时间之后”提问要用How
soon
“多久后”
eg:Lunch
will
be
ready
in
three
minutes.午饭三分钟后就好了。
-How
soon
will
you
finish
the
work?
你多久才能完成这项工作?
-in
three
hours
三小时后
5、this
morning/afternoon/evening
今天早上/下午/晚上
eg:I
will
see
a
film
this
evening.
我今晚要去看电影。
Language
points
四、there
be句型的一般将来时
There
be句型的一般将来时:There
will
be……意为“将有;会有”
=There
is/are
going
to
be……
否定句形式是:There
won't
be……
一般疑问句形式是:Will
there
be……
eg:There
will
be
a
film
this
evening.
今晚将有一场电影。
There
won't
be
a
film
this
evening.
今晚将没有电影。
-Will
there
be
a
film
this
evening?
今晚将有一场电影吗?
-Yes,there
will./No,there
won't.
是的,将会有。/
不,将没有。
Language
points
注意:?
there
be句型中的主谓一致遵循“就近一致”原则,即谓语动词be和最靠近它的名词在数上保持一致。
eg:There
is
a
book
and
two
rulers
on
the
desk.
书桌上有一本书和两把尺子。
There
are
three
rulers
and
a
book
on
the
desk.
书桌上有三把尺子和一本书
?
there
be与have/has的区别:前者表示某地存在某物;后者表示“拥有”的意思。二者有时可以相互转换。
eg:There
are
twenty
classes
in
our
school.
我们学校有20个班级。
=Our
school
has
twenty
classes.
Language
points
五、一般将来时的其他结构
1、一般现在时表将来
①
表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的动作,用一般现在时表将来,这样的动词有start,
leave,
come,
go
等。
eg:The
term
starts
on
September
1st.
这个学期将于9月1日开学。
②
在时间或条件状语从句中,要用一般现在时表示将来。(主将从现)
eg:We
will
have
a
sports
meeting
if
it
doesn't
rain
next
Friday.
如果下周五不下雨,我们
将举行一次运动会。
2、现在进行时表将来
某些表示趋向性或转移性的动词,常用现在进行时表示将来,如come,
go,
fly,
arrive,
leave
等
eg:They
are
leaving
for
Beijing
tomorrow.
明天他们将动身去北京。
They
are
flying
to
Guangdong
next
Sunday.
下周日他们将飞往广东。
We're
leaving
now.
我们这就走。The
bus
is
coming。公共汽车要来了。
Language
points
3、be
to(do)表示将来
当表示安排、计划在近期将发生的事情,或者表示过去曾经计划要做的事时,用be
to
(do)结构。
eg:There
is
to
be
an
exhibition
next
month
here.下个月这里有个展览。
She
is
to
be
here
at
10:00
a.m.
tomorrow.
她将于明天上午10点抵达这里。
4、be
about
to
(do)表示将来
表达事情或动作马上、很快就要发生时,用be
about
to
(do)结构,一般不用时间状语,但有时也可与when连用。
eg:The
bell
is
about
to
ring.
马上就要响铃了。
Their
daughter
is
about
to
get
married.
他们的女儿很快将要结婚了。
We
were
about
to
go
to
a
movie
when
Monica
appeared.
我们正要去看电影,这时莫妮卡来了。
Language
points
六、be
going
to与
will
的区别
1、对未来事情的预测用“will
+动词原形”表达,will没有人称和数的变化。变否定句要在will后加not,也可用will和not的缩写形式won't;变一般疑问句将will提至句首。
eg:Students
won't
use
books
to
study.
学生将不用书学习了。
Will
planes
be
very
large
in
the
future?
未来飞机会很大吗?
--Yes,they
will.
/No,they
won't.
是的,它们会。/不,它们不会。
2、will常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情,而be
going
to常表示事情很快就要发生。
eg:I
believe
Lucy
will
be
a
great
doctor.
我相信露西将会成为一名很棒的医生。
He
is
going
to
become
successful.
他就要成功了。
Language
points
3、陈述将来的某个事实用will。
eg:I
will
be
ten
years
old
next
year.
明年我就10岁了。
4、表示现在决定将来要做的事情用will。
eg:I'm
tired.
I'll
go
to
bed.
我累了。我要睡觉了。
5、表示意愿用will。
eg:I'll
tell
you
the
truth.
我要告诉你真相。
6、表示计划、打算要做的事情用be
going
to,而不用will
eg:I'm
going
to
buy
a
computer
this
month.
这个月我打算买一台电脑。
总结:“be
going
to+动原”,计划、准备或打算。表可能,有必然,通过现象来推断。be的形式需注意,它要随着主语变。否定句,很简单,not放在be后边。疑问句,需牢记,be应提到主语前。
Language
points
句型总结(必背句型)
1、句型结构
1、be
going
to
形式:
肯定句:主语+be
(am/
is/
are)
going
to+动词原形+其他.
否定句:主语+be
(am/
is/
are)n't
going
to+动词原形+其他.
—般疑问句:Be
(Am/
Is/
Are)+主语+going
to+动词原形+其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be
(am/
is/
are)+主语+going
to+动词原形+其他?
2、will形式(shall就不总结了,因为只能用在we/I后)
肯定句:主语+will+动词原形+其他.
否定句:主语+won’t
+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句:Will+主语+动词原形+其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他?
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