Module
1 Europe
(主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．civilisation
n．
__文明__
2．ancient
adj.
__古代的__
3．geographical
adj.
__地理的__
4．architect
n.
__建筑师__
5．representative
n.
__代表__
核心词汇识记
1．__symbol__
n．象征；符号
2．__feature__
n．特点
3．__across__
prep.穿过；通过
4．__face__
vt.面向；面对
5．__range__
n．山脉
6．__opposite__prep.在……对面→__oppose__
vt.反对
7．__situated__adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的→__situation__n.形势；情况；地理位置
8．__located__adj.位于→__location__n.位置
9．__sign__vt.签署→__signature__n.签名
10．__agreement__n.协议；契约→__agree__v.同意→__disagreement__n.不一致；争论
11．__produce__n.产品；农产品→__product__
n．产品；制品→__production__n.生产；产量；
12．__continental__adj.大陆的；大洲的→__continent__n.大陆；大洲
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．__Facing__
the
difficult
problem，he
didn’t
give
up.(face)
2．They
were
in
__disagreement__
with
us
at
first，but
after
many
talks
with
each
other，they
__agreed__
with
us.
So
we
signed
an
__agreement__.(agree)
3．The
temple
is
__situated__
in
the
city
but
its
__situation__
is
worrying
because
it’s
out
of
repair
for
many
years.(situate)
4．The
teacher
__signed__
to
us
to
examine
our
__signatures__
on
the
paper
carefully.(sign)
5．The
committee
members__opposed__
the
bill
and
gave
some
__opposite__
ideas.(oppose)
6.
Our
new
office
is__located__
within
the
centre
of
the
town，and
the
__location__
is
convenient
for
me.(locate)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．有史以来
__of
all
time__
2．自从……一直
__ever
since__
3．据……；依照……
__in
terms
of__
4．另一方面；反过来说
__on
the
other
hand__
5．一点点地；逐渐地
__little
by
little__
6．be
situated/located
in/on
__位于；坐落于__
7．because
of
__因为；由于__
8．be
known
as
__作为……而出名/闻名__
9．compared
with
__与……相比__
10．have
control
over
__控制__
选用上述短语填空
1．__In
terms
of
__tourism
resource，China
is
one
of
the
most
attractive
countries
in
the
world.
2．Mr.
Lee
is
such
an
excellent
leader
that
he
can
__have
control
over__
the
whole
company
well.
3.
The
first
time
I
met
Lucy，I
wasn’t
familiar
with
her
but
as
time
went
by，we
got
to
know
each
other
__little
by
little__.
4．I
didn’t
do
my
work
well
__because
of__
a
lack
of
enough
practical
experience.
5.
I
have
strong
belief
that
I
will
do
well
in
the
exam
but__on
the
other
hand__，I
feel
a
bit
nervous，though
it’s
not
difficult.
6.
Hangzhou__is
known
as__
“heaven
on
earth”
for
its
beauty.
1．“表情”单词集锦
(1)face
n．脸；表情
(2)expression
n．表达；表情
(3)look
n.
面部表情；
外貌
(4)appearance
n．外表
2．不同“位置”
(1)location
n．场所；地点；位置
(2)situation
n.
位置；形势；局面
(3)position
n．位置；方位
(4)site
n.
场所；地方；
遗址
(5)place
n．地方；场所；位置
3．-ive
结尾名词大观园
(1)representative代表
(2)detective侦探
(3)native本地人
(4)relative亲戚；亲属
(5)progressive进步人士
(6)objective目标
4．由little
by
little想到的
(1)side
by
side肩并肩
(2)step
by
step一步一步地
(3)one
by
one一个接一个地
(4)day
by
day一天天地
(5)year
by
year年复一年
5．被动形式表示主动意义的短语
(1)be
situated坐落于；位于
(2)be
located坐落于；位于
(3)be
dressed
in穿着……衣服
(4)be
hidden...藏在……
(5)be
seated...坐在……
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．Between
France
and
Spain
is
another
mountain
range—the
Pyrenees.
法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。
[精析] 当地点状语放在句首时，句子应用完全倒装。
2．Their
work
has
influenced
other
writers
ever
since.
他们的作品影响了后世的作家。
[精析] ever
since“自此；自从……一直”。表示以过去某一时间为起点持续到现在的某一动作或状态，常与完成时连用。
3．Neither
Amy
nor
Helen
is
English.
埃米和海伦都不是英国人。
[精析] neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应遵循“就近原则”。
4．The
expanded
European
Union
has
a
population
of
more
than
half
a
billion
people，twice
as
big
as
the
population
of
the
United
States.
扩大后的欧洲联盟有五亿人口，是美国的两倍。
[精析] 倍数＋as...as...倍数表达法。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．沿途全是参天大树，其中一些有近百年的历史。
__Along
the
road__
are
thick
and
tall
trees，some
of
them
with
a
history
of
nearly
100
years.
2．自从在学校认识至今，我们一直是朋友。
We
__have
been
friends
ever
since__
we
met
at
school.
3．今天你和他不能休假。
__Neither
you
nor
he
is__
to
take
a
leave
today.
4．今年小汽车的产量是去年的两倍。
The
production
of
cars
this
year
is
__twice
as
much
as
that__
of
last
year.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
主谓一致；一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
语法填空
1．Not
only
I
but
also
Jane
and
Mary
__are__(be)
tired
of
having
one
examination
after
another.
[解析] not
only...but
also连接两个并列主语时谓语动词应遵循就近原则。
2．When
and
where
to
build
the
new
factory
__is__(be)
not
decided
yet.
[解析] When
and
where
to
do...作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
3．If
nothing
__is
done__(do)，the
oceans
will
turn
into
fish
deserts.
[解析] 句意：如果不采取措施，海洋将会成为无鱼之荒漠。在条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句中用一般现在时来代替将来时。nothing与do之间应是被动关系。
4．A
piano
concert
__was
given__
(give)
in
Jinan
last
Sunday.
[解析] 句意：上个星期天济南有一场钢琴演奏会。concert与give之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
5．—So
what
is
the
procedure?
—All
the
applicants
__are
interviewed__(interview)
before
a
final
decision
is
made
by
the
authority.
[解析] 根据句意可知，applicants与interview之间存在被动关系，此处介绍的是一般程序，并不强调正在被面试。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．face
vt.面向；面对n.面孔
激活知识
语法填空
①
(2020·江苏高考)If
I
hadn’t
been
faced
__with__
so
many
barriers，I
wouldn’t
be
where
I
am.
②(2019·北京高考)Nervously
__facing__(face)challenges.I
know
I
will
whisper
to
myself
the
two
simple
words
“Be
yourself”．
③Everyone
needs
a
hand
when
__faced__(face)with
challenges.
④You
should
keep
calm
even__in__face
of
danger.
归纳拓展
(1)lose
face丢脸；失面子
in(the)face
of面对(问题、困难或危险等)
in
one’
face当着某人的面
face
to
face面对面地
(2)be
faced
with面临；面对(难题)
face
up
to勇敢地面对
提示：(1)be
faced
with＝be
confronted
with，侧重指“面对着”这种状态，而face
sb./sth.侧重动作；
(2)face-to-face与face
to
face的区别在于：前者通常只能作前置定语，后者可以作状语或表语。
能力提升
句式升级
He
was
faced
with
the
dilemma，but
he
decided
to
stick
to
it.
①__Faced
with
the
dilemma__，he
decided
to
stick
to
it.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
②__Facing
the
dilemma__，he
decided
to
stick
to
it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
2．compare
vt.比较，对照；喻为，比拟
激活知识
完成句子
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)It
is
said
that
about
20%of
25-34-year-olds
live
with
their
parents，__compared
with
16%
in
1991__.
据说大约20%的25-34岁的人和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例是16%。
②Man’s
life
__is__
often
__compared
to__
a
candle.
人生常被比为蜡烛。
导图助记
注意：在表示“与……相比”时，compared
with...与compared
to...
皆可用，尤其是用在过去分词作状语的句子中。
能力提升
单句改错
①Compared
their
situation
with
ours，we
find
that
we
have
advantages.
(__Compared→Comparing__)
②My
own
problems
seem
insignificant
comparing
with
other
people’s.
(__comparing→compared__)
3．range
n．山脉；范围；幅度 vt.排列；变化；包括……之间的各类事物
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)In
any
given
office，employees
can
range
from
age
22
to
70
and
beyond.
(__变化__)
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)What
is
the
age
range
required
by
Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
Program？
(__范围__)
③(2018·江苏高考)But
those
who
truly
understand
the
economic
impact
and
can
work
to
change
the
patterns
can
create
a
wide
range
of
career
possibilities.
(__种类__)
④Cups
and
plates
were
neatly
ranged
on
her
shelves.
(__排列__)
⑤This
weapon
can
kill
at
a
range
of
200
yards.
(__射程__)
归纳拓展
(1)a
wide
range
of
大范围的；各种各样的
within
range
of...
在……范围内；在射程之内
(2)在……和……之间变化
图解助记
能力提升
语法填空
①(2017·北京高考)The
national
park
has
a
large
collection
of
wildlife，__ranging__
(range)
from
butterflies
to
elephants.
②Collecting
stamps
with
themes
is
especially
popular
among
teenagers
because
there
is
a
wide
range
__of__
choices
for
them.
③He
is
the
manager，hiring
and
firing
are
__within__
range
of
his
responsibilities.
④The
team
was
made
up
of
ten
players
whose
ages
ranged
__between__
10
and
16.
4．situated
adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的；处于……境遇的
激活知识
用situate的适当形式填空
①(2020·江苏高考)If
you
look
at
all
sides
of
the
__situation__，you’ll
find
probably
a
solution
that
suits
everyone.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)The
small
town
of
Rjukan
in
Norway
__is
situated__
between
several
mountains
and
does
not
get
direct
sunlight
from
late
September
to
mid-March.
导图助记
注意：situate的用法与汉语表达习惯不同。在汉语中situate与建筑物是主动关系，在英语中是被动关系，因此在作状语或定语时常用过去分词。
联想拓展
表示“坐落于，位于”的短语还有：
①be
located
in/on/at...
②lie
in/on/at
能力提升
句式升级
The
little
village
lies
deep
in
the
mountains
and
is
almost
cut
off
from
the
outside
world.
→__Situated
deep
in
the
mountains__，the
little
village
is
almost
cut
off
from
the
outside
world.
(用situated改写)
5．sign
vt.签署；签名；做手势；做记号n.记号；符号；招牌；迹象
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Instead，one
activist，dressed
in
a
full-body
monkey
suit，had
arrived
with
__a__
sign
praising
the
filmmakers.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)It
__was
signed__(sign)
“Bonnato”
or
so
he
thought，but
when
he
researched
it，he
only
found
“Bonnard，”
a
French
painter
he
had
never
heard
of.
③(2019·天津高考)I
often
found
myself
telling
my
mom
to
drive
more
slowly，so
that
I
could
read
all
of
the
road
__signs__
(sign)
we
passed.
④(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Before
choices
are
finalised，parents/carers
will
be
asked
__to
sign__
(sign)
to
confirm
their
child’s
choices.
⑤He
signed
to
the
workers
__to
stop__(stop)for
a
break.
归纳拓展
(1)sign
to
sb.
to
do
sth.
打手势让某人做某事
sign
in/out
签到/签退
sign
up(for
sth.)
报名(参加课程)
(2)a
sign
of...
……的标志/迹象
make/give
a
sign
to...
对……做手势
(3)signature
n．签名；署名；识别；标志
图解助记
能力提升
完成句子
The
teacher
①__signed
to
us
__
to
be
quiet
and
told
us
that
we
should
②__write
our
signature__on
the
paper
if
we
wanted
to
③__sign
up__for
this
course.
老师向我们打手势示意我们安静下来，并且告诉我们如果想报名上这个课程的话，我们应该在纸上签上名。
常考短语
6．in
terms
of据……；依据……；就……而言；在……方面；用……的话
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·江苏高考)With
a
large
brain，human
beings
beat
other
beings
in
__terms__
(term)
of
intelligence.
②What
they
have
done
is
good
for
the
environment
__in__
the
long
term.
③We
were
__on__
good
terms
with
everyone
in
the
village.
归纳拓展
in
the
long/short
term长/短期
be
on
good/friendly/bad
etc.terms
(with
sb.)
(与某人)关系好/密切/不好等
come
to
terms(with
sb.)(与某人)达成协议
能力提升
根据汉语提示完成下面文段
Teachers
should
judge
their
students
①__in
terms
of
__
(依据)
their
overall
performances
at
school
instead
of
their
academic
grades.
Those
who
are
good
at
study
but
aren’t
②__on
good
terms__(关系好)
with
other
students
should
be
taught
how
to
get
along
with
their
peers，which
will
be
of
benefit
to
them
③__in
the
long
term__(长期而言)．
7．on
the
other
hand
另一方面；反过来说
激活知识
完成句子
__On
the
one
hand__
I
want
to
sell
the
house，but
__on
the
other
hand__
I
can’t
bear
the
thought
of
moving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不想搬家。
归纳拓展
on(the)
one
hand...on
the
other
hand
一方面……另一方面……
at
hand
在手边；在附近；即将到来
at
first/second
hand
直/间接地；第一手地/二手地
by
hand
用手工
in
hand
在掌握中；在进行中
hand
in
hand
手拉手；密切关联
能力提升
单句改错
①On
(the)
one
hand
the
common
background
makes
us
have
something
in
common;
on
the
another
hand
the
different
views
on
value
make
us
quite
different.
(__another→other__)
②In
days
to
come
he
will
walk
hand
to
hand
with
us.
(__第二个to→in__)
必备句型
8．Between
France
and
Spain
is
another
mountain
range—the
Pyrenees.
法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。
激活知识
翻译句子
①A
couple
of
weeks
passed
and
in
walked
this
guy
and
his
wife
again.
译：__几个星期过去了，这个小伙子和他的妻子又一次走了进来__。
完成句子
②The
Public
Square
is
an
eye-catching
sight
of
the
city.__There
stand__
many
stone
sculptures
of
famous
historical
figures.(stand)
大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点。许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那儿。
归纳拓展
完全倒装四条件：
(1)表示方位或时间的副词，如here，there，in，out，up，down，away，now，then等或表示方位的介词短语置于句首；
(2)谓语动词为be，lie，come，go，stand等；
(3)句子的主语是名词。注意：若句子的主语是代词，主谓不倒装；
(4)时态用一般现在时或一般过去时。
能力提升
句型转换(改为倒装句)
①Two
large
portraits
hang
on
the
wall.
→On
the
wall
__hang
two
large
portraits__.
②The
door
opened
and
the
children
rushed
out.
→The
door
opened
and
out
__rushed
the
children__.
③They
entered
the
classroom，and
a
naughty
boy
sat
in
the
front
of
it.
→They
entered
the
classroom，in
the
front
of
which
__sat
a
naughty
boy__.
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．South
Cave
is
__located__(locate)twelve
miles
west
of
Hull.
2．A
decision
will
not
be
made
until
everyone
is
in
__agreement__(agree)．
3．School
children
must
be
taught
to
deal
with
dangerous
__situations__(situate)．
4．We
feel
that
wearing
a
red
ribbon
to
support
AIDS
victims
is
an
important
__symbolic__(symbol)gesture.
5．It
is
a
great
honour
to
attend
the
conference
as
a
__representative__
(represent)of
our
company.
6．__Faced__(face)
with
the
difficult
situation，we
are
determined
to
overcome
it.
7．I
would
like
a
job
which
pays
more，but
__on__
the
other
hand
I
enjoy
the
work
I’m
doing
at
the
moment.
8．Drunk
driving，which
was
once
a
frequent
occurrence，is
now
__under__
control.
9．Bill
got
a
good
job，and
little
__by__
little
he
paid
off
his
debts.
10．John
caught
a
cold
last
Saturday
and
__has
been__(be)
in
bed
ever
since.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．In
the
middle
of
the
hall
stand
a
Christmas
tree.
__stand→stands__
2．Facing
with
a
sudden
job
loss，would
you
consider
it
a
failure，or
an
opportunity
for
a
new
start
in
your
career?
__Facing→Faced__
3．My
view
on
the
project
is
just
the
opposite
yours.
__opposite后面加to__
4．The
house
is
ideal
in
term
of
size，but
it’s
too
expensive.
__term→terms__
5．The
hospital，situating
in
the
western
part
of
the
city，can
be
reached
by
many
bus
lines.
__situating→situated__
6．She
doesn’t
go
to
school
because
her
illness.
__because后面加of__
7．Comparing
with
modern
humans，her
arms
were
somewhat
long
relative
to
her
legs.
__Comparing→Compared__
8．The
dining-room
is
as
bigger
as
the
kitchen.
__bigger→big__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Paris，__1.which__is
visited
by
more
than
eight
million
tourists
every
year
is
the
capital
city
of
France.It
__2.is
situated__(situate)on
the
River
Seine.The
most
popular
place
for
visitors
is
the
Eiffel
Tower，__3.the__famous
symbol
of
Paris.
One
of
Barcelona’s
most
famous
__4.landmarks__(landmark)is
the
Church
of
the
Sagrada
Familia，which
was
designed
by
an
architect
__5.called__(call)Antonio
Gaudi.
During
the
Renaissance，some
of
the
__6.greatest__(great)painters
of
all
time
lived
and
worked
in
Florence.Many
of
Florence’s
most
beautiful
paintings
and
sculptures
__7.were__(be)produced
by
great
artists.
Athens
is
known
__8.as__the
birthplace
of
western
civilisation，__9.where__lived
Greece’s
best
writers，whose
work
__10.has
influenced__(influence)other
writers
ever
since.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于美术馆)
1．上周，来自我们学校的代表参观了由一个著名建筑师设计的美术馆。
2．美术馆是这座城市的标志性建筑。
3．它坐落在那个巨型雕塑的对面。
4．美术馆以它的悠久历史而闻名。
5．在那里我们加深了对古老艺术和文明的理解。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用现在分词作定语，which引导的非限制性定语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__Last
week，the
representatives
coming
from
our
school
visited
the
gallery
designed
by
a
famous
architect
—the
landmark
of
the
city，which
is
situated
just
opposite
the
huge
sculpture.The
gallery
is
known
for
its
long
history.There
we
have
deepened
the
understanding
of
ancient
art
and
civilisation.__
PAGEModule
2
Developing
and
Developed
Countries
(主题语境：人与社会—历史、社会与文化)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．income
n．
__收入__
2．poverty
n.
__贫穷__
3．expectancy
n.
__预期数额__
4．vast
adj.
__巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的__
核心词汇识记
1．__measure__
vt.测定；测量；评估
2．__position__
n．位置
3．__figure__
n．数字
4．__exchange__
n．交换
5．__hunger__n.饥饿→__hungry__adj.饥饿的
6．__development__n.发展→__develop__v.使发展；(使)成长→__developing__adj.发展中的→__developed__adj.发达的
7．__educate__vt.教育；培养；训练→__education__n.教育
8．__crowded__
adj.拥挤的→__crowd__n.人群v.聚拢
9．__similarity__n.类似；相似→__similar__adj.相似的→__similarly__adv.相似地；同样地
10．__unfortunate__adj.不幸的；遗憾的→__fortunate__(反义词)adj.幸运的→__fortune__n.运气；命运
11．__polluted__adj.受到污染的→__pollute__v.污染→__pollution__n.污染
12．__entertainment__n.娱乐→__entertain__vt.使娱乐；款待
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．In
order
to
give
her
good
__education__，her
parents
sent
her
to
a
famous
school
to
be
__educated__.(educate)
2．The
two
pictures
are
__similar__
and
it’s
easy
to
find
many
__similarities__
between
them.
__Similarly__，you
can
also
find
some
differences.(similar)
3．It
is
__unfortunate__
to
be
stuck
in
the
rain.
Even
__unfortunately__，we
couldn’t
find
anyone
to
help
us.
At
last
we
tried
our
__fortune__
to
find
a
short
cut.
__Fortunately__we
arrived
home
before
dark.
So
we
were
also
__fortunate__.(fortunate)
4．Because
of
the
heavy
__pollution__，many
people
in
the
town
became
ill
because
of
the
__polluted__
air
they
breathed
in.(pollute)
5．Owing
to
the
great
__hunger，__a
great
number
of
__hungry__
children
died.(hungry)
6．With
the
__development__
of
economy，people’s
lives
are
becoming
better
and
better.
However，China，as
a
__developing__
country，is
different
from
America，which
is
a
__developed__
one.(develop)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．达到；直到
__up
to__
2．在……顶端
__at
the
top
of__
3．在……底部
__at
the
bottom
of__
4．努力
__make
efforts__
5．采取措施
__take
measures__
6．in
particular
__尤其；特别__
7．in
the
last
ten
years
__在最近十年__
8．be
connected
with
__与……有联系；与……有关__
9．be
close
to
__接近；靠近__
选用上述短语填空
1．Our
city
has
been
developed
into
an
industrial
one__in
the
last
ten
years__.
2．The
man__was
connected
with__
the
murder
so
the
police
questioned
him.
3．As
a
student，we
must
__make
efforts__to
learn
more
knowledge.
4．The
project
will
create
__up
to__100
new
jobs
for
the
graduates.
5．Seeing
the
famous
singer，the
fans
are
cheering
__at
the
top
of
__their
voices.
6．I
want
to
find
an
apartment
which
__is
close
to__
my
company
so
that
I
needn’t
get
up
so
early
any
more.
1．“收入”面面观
(1)income
n．收入
(2)pay
n．报酬
(3)salary
n．(按月发的)薪水
(4)wage
n．(按小时、日、周计的)工资
(5)pension
n．养老金；退休金
2．“大”集合
(1)vast
adj.巨大的；庞大的
(2)large
adj.巨大的；身材高大的
(3)big
adj.大的
(4)grand
adj.盛大的
(5)great
adj.巨大的
3．条条大“路”
(1)freeway
n．高速公路
(2)highway
n．公路
(3)railway
n．铁路
(4)expressway
n．高速公路
(5)railroad
n．铁路
4．“名词＋-y变为形容词”高频词汇扫描
(1)hunger→hungry饥饿的
(2)anger→angry生气的
(3)thirst→thirsty渴的
(4)cloud→cloudy多云的
(5)wealth→wealthy富裕的
(6)health→healthy健康的
5．“努力做某事”汇总
(1)make
efforts/every
effort
to
do
sth.
(2)try/do
one’s
best
to
do
sth.
(3)go
all
out
to
do
sth.
(4)do
all
that
sb.can
to
do
sth.
(5)do
what
sb.can
to
do
sth.
6．“在某人看来”的多种表达
(1)in
one’s
opinion
(2)in
one’s
view
(3)from
one’s
point
of
view
(4)as
far
as
sb.be
concerned
(5)as
for
sb.
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．Norway
is
at
the
top
of
the
list，while
the
US
is
at
number
7.
挪威高居榜首，然而美国名列第七。
[精析] while在此用作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况，意思是“然而；但是”。
2．However，in
other
regions
of
the
world，e．g.
Eastern
European，water
is
now
mostly
safe
to
drink.
然而，在世界上的其他地区，比如东欧，饮用水大部分是安全的。
[精析] 主语＋be＋adj.＋to
do，用主动形式表被动含义。
3．Although
more
than
80%
of
children
in
developing
countries
go
to
primary
school，about
115
million
children
are
not
being
educated.
在发展中国家，虽然80%以上的儿童都能上小学，但仍有约1.15亿儿童不能接受教育。
[精析] although引导让步状语从句。
4．It’s
an
agreement
between
towns
or
cities
of
similar
size
and
age...
这是规模和历史相似的城市和城镇之间的一份协定……
[精析] “of＋某些名词”可用来描述人或事物的特征。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．一些人赞同他的计划，而其他人反对。
Some
people
are
for
his
plan
__while
others
are
against
it__.
2．在很多人看来，尽管那家公司相对来说较小，人们却能够与之愉快合作。
In
many
people’s
opinion，that
company，though
relatively
small，is
__pleasant
to
deal
with__.
3．虽然他很有钱，但并不幸福。
He
is
unhappy，__although
he
has
a
lot
of
money__.
4．汤姆和杰克年龄相同。
Tom
and
Jack
are
__of
the
same
age__.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
连词
语法填空
1．Uncle
Jim
is
a
shy
man，__but__
he
is
not
afraid
of
anything
or
anyone.
[解析] 句意：吉姆叔叔是个害羞的人，但他不惧怕任何人或事。but此处为转折连词。
2．There’s
no
way
of
knowing
why
one
man
makes
an
important
discovery
__while__
another
man，also
intelligent，fails.
[解析] 句意：很难理解为什么一个人会做出一项重要的发现而另一个同样很聪明的人却没有。while并列连词，表示“然而”。
3．__Although/Though__
small，the
company
has
about
1,000
buyers
in
over
30
countries.
[解析] 句意：尽管很小，这个公司在30多个国家里有大约1
000个购买者。although/though“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。分析句子知，本句是状语从句中的省略现象。
4．One
can
always
manage
to
do
more
things，__however__
full
one’s
schedule
is
in
life.
[解析] 句意：一个人总是可以设法做更多的事情，不管在生活中时间表安排得有多满。however引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”，修饰后面的形容词full。
5．He
is
so
busy.
He
cannot
afford
enough
time
with
his
son
even
__if/though__
he
wants
to.
[解析] 句意：他很忙。即使他想跟儿子在一起，他也抽不出时间。even
if/though“即使”，引导让步状语从句。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．measure
vt.测定；测量；评估 vi.某物有……长(或宽、高等) n．尺寸；措施
激活知识
语法填空
①The
number
of
them
is
less
than
1,000，so
I
hope
you
can
take
some
effective
measures
__to
protect__
(protect)them.
②The
new
bridge
under
construction，__measuring__(measure)
twice
as
long
as
the
old
one，is
due
to
be
completed
next
month.
归纳拓展
(1)be
measured
by/in...
用……来衡量
(2)make...
to
one’s
measure
按某人的尺寸做……
take
measures(to
do
sth.)
采取措施(做某事)
注意：
(1)measure表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。
(2)measure“某物有……长(宽、高等)”时，为不及物动词，其后接表示事物长(宽、高等)的名词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；如果此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词的形式。
能力提升
根据汉语提示完成片断
Much
to
my
sadness，I
have
to
wear
the
coats
made
①__to
my
own
measure__(按照自己的尺寸)because
I’m
getting
fatter
nowadays.Although
I
know
beauty
shouldn’t
②__be
measured
by__(以……来衡量)a
good
shape，it’s
time
for
me
to
③__take
measures
to
lose
weight__(采取措施减肥)．
2．position
n．位置；姿势；地位；职务；职位
激活知识
完成句子
①At
present
she
__holds
the
position
of__
company
manager.
她现任公司经理。
翻译句子
②If
you
were
in
my
position，you
would
have
sympathy
for
those
poor
children.
译：__如果你身在我的处境，你也会同情那些可怜的孩子。__
归纳拓展
in
a(n)．..
position
处于……地位/位置
in/out
of
position在/不在恰当的位置
be
in
a
position
to
do
sth.(因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事
hold
the
position
of...担任……职位
take
up
(one’s)
position就位
提示：当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，引导词应用where.
能力提升
语法填空
①When
I
know
all
the
facts，I’ll
be
in
a
position
__to
advise__(advise)you.
②Sales
director
is
a
position
__where__
communication
is
just
as
important
as
sales
skills.
3．figure
n．数字；图形；人物；身材 vt.计算；认为；描绘
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·天津高考)She
realized
she
looked
like
a
child，with
her
tiny
figure.
(__身材__)
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I
figured
whoever
lost
the
dog
was
probably
just
as
close
to
it
as
I
am
to
my
dogs.
(__认为__)
③(2017·江苏高考)Indeed
official
figures
suggest
the
country
has
shrunk
by
5%
since
1993.
(__数字__)
④She
was
frightened
to
see
a
figure
in
the
dark.
(__人影__)
⑤He
was
one
of
the
greatest
figures
in
history.
(__人物__)
导图助记
图解助记
能力提升
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)When
you
were
trying
to
figure
__out__
what
to
buy
for
the
environmentalist
on
your
holiday
list，fur
probably
didn’t
cross
your
mind.
②Every
woman
wants
__a__
slim
figure
these
days，especially
here
in
the
cities.
4．exchange
n．&
vt.交换
激活知识
完成句子
①You
can
__exchange__
your
currency
__for__
dollars
in
the
hotel.
你可在旅馆把你的钱兑换成美元。
②Would
you
like
my
old
TV
__in
exchange
for__this
camera?
用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？
导图助记
提示：change
sb./sth.
for
sb./sth.与exchange含义接近，不可相混，是“替换或代替某人/物”之意。exchange
sth.
with
sb.指“两个人交换某物”。
图解助记
能力提升
介词填空
①I
exchanged
seats
__with__
Bill.
②He
gave
me
an
apple
__in__
exchange
for
a
piece
of
cake.
常考短语
5．make
efforts
努力
激活知识
完成句子
①We
must
__make
efforts__
to
translate
our
ideal
into
reality.
我们必须努力把理想变成现实。
②Bear
in
mind
that
you
should
__make
an
effort__
to
study
English.
记住，你应该努力学习英语。
归纳拓展
make＋to
do
sth.(尽一切)努力做某事
spare
no
effort不遗余力
without
effort不费力地；容易地
能力提升
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Queensland
Rail
makes
every
effort
__to
ensure__
(ensure)
trains
run
as
scheduled.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The
environmental
challenges
are
significant
but
the
efforts
__made__(make)by
the
Tanzania
National
Park
Authority
seem
to
be
paying
off.
③(江苏高考)More
efforts，as
reported，__will
be
made__(make)in
the
years
ahead
to
accelerate
the
supply-side
structural
reform.
6．up
to到……为止；达到；直到；高达(程度)；由……决定；忙于；胜任
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)Judges
will
choose
up
to
50
honorable
mention
winners who
will
each
receive
a
T－shirt
in
memory
of
Earhart’s
final
flight.
(__达到__)
②Up
to
now，he
has
finished
the
work.
(__到……为止__)
③He
isn’t
up
to
the
position.
(__胜任__)
④What
have
you
been
up
to
recently？
(__忙于__)
⑤It’s
up
to
you
to
decide
where
we
go.
(__由……决定__)
归纳拓展
It’s
up
to
sb.
to
do
sth.由某人决定做某事。
It
is
up
to
you.由你来决定。
up
to
date
最新的；时髦的
能力提升
完成句子
①I
believe
I
am
__up
to
the
position__(胜任这个职位)since
I’m
good
at
English
and
computer.
②God
gives
us
the
gift
of
life；it’s
__up
to
us
to__(取决于我们)give
ourselves
the
gift
of
living
well.
必备句型
7．Norway
is
at
the
top
of
the
list，while
the
US
is
at
number
7.
挪威高居榜首，然而美国名列第七。
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·天津高考)Has
it
been
a
while
since
your
last
visit
to
a
public
library？
(__一会儿__)
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)While
I
tend
to
buy
a
lot
of
books，these
three
were
given
to
me
as
gifts.
(__尽管__)
③(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Stories
were
like
air
to
me
and
while
other
kids
played
ball
or
went
to
parties，I
lived
out
adventures
through
the
books
I
checked
out
from
the
library.
(__当……时候__)
④(2019·北京高考)Some
students
don’t
have
a
reliable
car，while
others
have
to
share
vehicles
with
parents
who
work
six
days
a
week.
(__然而__)
导图助记
能力提升
完成句子
①She
is
fat，__while
her
husband
is
thin__.
她很胖而她的丈夫很瘦。
②He
sat
__for
a
while__，thinking
about
what
Janice
had
said
to
him.
他坐了一会儿，想着贾妮丝跟他说过的话。
8．It’s
an
agreement
between
towns
or
cities
of
similar
size
and
age...
这是规模和历史相似的城市和城镇之间的一份协定……
激活知识
翻译句子
①The
two
children
are
of
the
same
age，but
are
of
different
height.
译：__这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。__
完成句子
②The
book
he
gave
me
is
__very
valuable/of
great
value__.
他给我的这本书很有价值。
归纳拓展
1)be
of＋抽象名词＝be＋该抽象名词的形容词
be
of
great
(much)＝be
very
2)还有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，只能用“be＋of＋n.”
结构。
be
of
the
same
size/weight/height/depth/length/age/colour/shape/kind/type
注意：“be＋of＋n.”结构的否定形式一般为“be＋of＋no＋n.”。
能力提升
句型转换
①This
question
is
very
important.
→This
question
is
__of
great
importance__.
②This
dictionary
is
not
helpful
to
English
beginners.
→This
dictionary
is
__of
no
help__
to
English
beginners.
③This
pair
of
shoes
is
not
the
same
in
size.
→This
pair
of
shoes
is
not
__of
the
same
size__.
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Instead
of
sharing
information
that’s
far
too
difficult
to
understand，he
figures
__out__
what
your
problems
are
and
finds
out
a
way
to
fix
them.
2．Parents
should
pay
more
attention
to
the
mental
__development__
(develop)
of
their
children.
3．In
my
opinion，the
film
last
night
is
not
just
an
__entertainment__
(entertain)．It’s
a
film
with
a
message.
4．His
super
hybrid
rice
has
helped
many
people
get
rid
of
__hunger__
(hungry)．
5．In
the
early
morning
all
of
us
stood
at
__the__
top
of
the
mountain
to
the
east
of
the
city，watching
a
burning
sun
rising.
6．This
company
has
launched
several
types
of
cars
this
year，and
one
__in__
particular
appeals
to
the
young.
7．The
new
supermarket
was
once
close
to
__closing__
(close)
down.
But
since
the
underground
was
opened，business
has
been
picking
up.
8．We
must
make
every
effort
__to
turn__
(turn)
our
dreams
into
reality.
9．What
is
known
to
all
is
that
effective
__measures__
(measure)
should
be
taken
to
deal
with
the
problem
of
the
over-exploitation
of
our
resources.
10．This
machine
is
very
easy
__to
operate__
(operate)．Anybody
can
learn
to
use
it
in
a
few
minutes.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．There
are
such
many
children
in
Africa
who
don’t
have
enough
to
eat.
__such→so__
2．I
like
swimming
when
my
brother
enjoys
cooking.
__when→while__
3．Reading
is
a
good
habit.
Stick
to
it
and
you’ll
make
a
great
progress.
__去掉第二个a__
4．We’ll
make
greater
effort
to
complete
the
project
before
the
New
Year’s
coming.
__effort→efforts或greater前面加a__
5．We
study
in
a
classroom，measured
30
feet
long
and
20
feet
wide.
__measured→measuring__
6．Make
sure
that
all
the
children
have
education
up
the
age
of
11.
__up后加to__
7．In
recent
years，he
had
been
to
the
UK
twice.
__had→has__
8．Although
I
believe
it，but
I
will
not
act
now.
__去掉but__
9．He
was
one
of
the
leading
figure
of
this
century.
__figure→figures__
10．The
meeting
he
attended
is
of
great
important.
__important→importance__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
One
of
the
most
important
sections
of
the
Human
Development
Report
is
the
Human
Development
Index.The
Index
__1.measures
__(measure)a
country’s
achievements
in
three
ways：life
expectancy，education
and
income.The
index
has
some
__2.surprises__(surprise)．Norway
is
at
the
top
of
the
list，__3.while__the
US
is
at
number
7.The
bottom
ten
countries
are
all
African
countries.
China
is
__4.in__the
middle
of
the
list.It
is
one
of
the
examples
of
successful
__5.development__(develop)．China
increased
life
expectancy
__6.by__13
years.In
the
last
ten
years
in
China,150
million
people
moved
out
of
__7.poverty__(poor)．However，a
great
many
people
in
developing
countries
are
__8.hungry__(hunger)．Over
half
of
these
are
in
South
Asia
or
Africa.In
developing
countries
about
115
million
children
are
not
being
__9.educated__(educate)，and
more
than
1
billion
people
do
not
have
safe
water
to
drink，so
the
report
suggests
that
we
should
make
greater
__10.efforts__(effort)in
the
future.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于贫困家庭)
1．如今，这个城市多达10%的人生活在贫穷中。
2．他们强烈渴望过上更好的生活。
3．政府正积极采取措施来帮助他们。
4．为了确保所有孩子都接受教育，政府需要发展教育。
5．随着经济的发展，所有人将过上幸福的生活。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用take
measures
to
do，with
the
development
of等结构。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__Nowadays，up
to
10%
of
the
population
in
this
city
live
in
poverty.
They
have
a
strong
hunger
for
a
better
life.
The
government
is
actively
taking
measures
to
help
them.
To
make
sure
that
all
the
children
are
educated，the
government
need
to
develop
education.
With
the
development
of
economy，all
the
people
will
live
a
happy
life.__
PAGEModule
3 The
Violence
of
Nature
(主题语境：人与自然—灾难防范)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．disaster
n．
__灾难__
2．current
n.
__海流；潮流__
3．tropical
adj.
__热带的__
4．previous
adj.
__以前的__
核心词汇识记
1．__cause__
vt.引起；导致
2．__occur__
vi.
发生
3．__strike__
vt.&
n.
(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击
4．__ruin__
vt.毁坏
5．__damage__
n．&
v.
损失；损害
6．__experience__vt.经历n.经历；经验→__experienced__adj.有经验的
7．__furniture__n.家具→__furnish__vt.装备；配备
8．__bury__
vt.埋葬→__burial__n.埋葬；葬礼
9．__violent__adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→__violence__n.暴力
10．__possibility__n.可能；可能性→__possible__adj.可能的
11．__terrifying__adj.吓人的；可怕的→__terrified__adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的→__terrify__vt.使恐惧；使害怕
12．__fortunately__adv.幸运地；幸亏→__fortunate__adj.幸运的→__fortune__n.运气；财富
13．__sadly__adv.伤心地；不幸地→__sad__adj.悲伤的→__sadness__n.悲伤
14．__warning__n.警告→__warn__v.警告
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．__Experienced__
workers
are
badly
needed
in
our
factory.
If
you
have
previous
__experience__
in
this
kind
of
work，call
me
right
now.(experience)
2．He__warned__
me
not
to
leave
without
permission，but
I
didn’t
accept
his
__warning__.(warn)
3．__Fortunately
__，when
he
went
abroad
to
try
his
__fortune__，he
gained
great
wealth.(fortune)
4．Della’s
eyes
were
full
of__sadness__
at
the
__sad__
news
and
she
looked
__sadly__
at
her
husband.(sad)
5．Last
night
we
had
a
discussion，which
became
more
and
more__violent__.
Finally
we
reached
an
agreement
that
we
will
never
use
__violence__
whatever
happens.(violent)
6．When
they
saw
the__terrifying__
scene，everyone
on
the
spot
felt
__terrified__
and
couldn’t
say
a
word.(terrify)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．指的是；谈到；提到；涉及
__refer
to__
2．拿起；举起；收拾；接载；偶然学会；恢复
__pick
up__
3．记下；放下；镇压
__put
down__
4．去掉；脱掉；起飞；成功
__take
off__
5．平均起来
__on
average__
6．结果为……，以……结束
__end
up__
7．set
fire
to
__放火(焚烧)……__
8．catch
fire
__着火__
9．put
out
__扑灭(火)__
10．turn
over
__翻过来；翻阅(书页)__
11．take
place
__发生__
12．in
all
__总共；总计__
选用上述短语填空
1．The
firefighters
spent
one
hour
__putting
out__
the
fire.
2．People
often
can’t
adapt
when
great
changes
__take
place__.
3．The
person
he
__referred
to__
at
the
meeting
was
an
officer.
4．He
__picked
up__
some
French
in
France.
He
__put
down__
what
he
remembered
in
his
notebook
after
return.
5．It
was
not
until
she
__took
off
__her
dark
glasses
that
I
realized
she
was
a
famous
filmstar.
6．Jason
__ended
up
__singing
a
beautiful
song
at
the
party
although
he
refused
to
sing
at
first.
7．__On
average__，my
son
spends
one
hour
doing
his
homework
every
night.
1．“气象灾害”集合
(1)thunderstorm
n．雷暴
(2)tornado
n．龙卷风
(3)hurricane
n．飓风
(4)snowstorm
n．暴风雪
(5)storm
n．暴风雨
2．“打”得各式各样
(1)strike
v．&
n．敲击；打击
(2)hit
v．打击；袭击
(3)beat
v．敲击；打败
(4)tap
v．轻敲；轻拍；轻打
(5)knock
v．&
n．敲；打；敲击
3．“积极”与“不积极”
(1)active
adj.积极的；主动的→passive
adj.被动的；消极的
(2)positive
adj.积极的；肯定的→negative
adj.消极的；否定的
(3)optimistic
adj.乐观的；积极的→pessimistic
adj.悲观的；厌世的
4．all短语小结
(1)in
all总共；总计
(2)above
all最重要的是
(3)after
all毕竟；终究
(4)first
of
all首先
(5)at
all(否定句)一点儿也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
(6)all
in
all总的说来
5．“写下；记下”汇总
(1)put
down写下；放下
(2)write
down写下；记下
(3)note
down记录；记下
(4)take
down记下；拆除
(5)get
down写下；吞下
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．They
can
destroy
houses，but
leave
the
furniture
inside
exactly
where
it
was.
它们(龙卷风)能够毁坏房子，但是房子里面的家具却留在原地。
[精析] leave
the
furniture
inside
exactly
where
it
was属于“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
2．On
average，there
are
800
tornadoes
in
the
US
each
year，causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,500
injuries.
美国平均每年有800场龙卷风，导致约80人死亡，1
500人受伤。
[精析] causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,500
injures是现在分词短语作结果状语。
3．By
the
time
it
ended，more
than
700
people
had
been
killed
and
2,700
had
been
injured.
到这次飓风结束时，已有700多人死亡，2,700多人受伤。
[精析] by
the
time“到……时候”引导时间状语从句。
4．When
the
lava
reached
the
sea，there
was
the
possibility
of
huge
tidal
wave
which
could
flood
half
the
island.
当岩浆涌进大海时，有可能引发巨大浪潮，足以淹没半个岛屿。
[精析] There
is/was
the
possibility
of表示“有……的可能性”。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．你让机器日夜一直开着是不对的。
It’s
wrong
of
you
to
__leave
the
machine
running__
day
and
night.
2．南方雨下得很大，导致好几个省发生洪涝灾害。
It
rained
heavily
in
the
south，__causing
serious
flooding__
in
several
provinces.
3．妈妈回来时我已经完成了这项工作。
By
the
time
Mum
came
back，I
__had
finished
the
work__.
4．不过，许多人相信与陌生人见面会有危险。
However，many
people
believe
__
there
is
the
possibility
of__
danger
in
any
situation
when
strangers
meet.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
过去完成时的被动语态和直接引语与间接引语
语法填空
1．The
two
nurses
__had
been
rewarded__(reward)
100，000
yuan
by
the
police
but
donated
it
to
victims
of
the
explosion.
[解析] 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：两位护士被警方奖励了100,000元，但是他们把钱捐给了爆炸事件的遇难者。根据句意可知，
reward所表示的动作发生在donated这一动作之前，所以用过去完成时，分析句子结构可知，reward
与the
two
nurses之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。
2．When
she
returned
home，Rose
found
her
computer
__had
been
removed__(remove)
and
she
was
very
confused.
[解析] 分析句子成分可知，remove与computer构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，根据句意可知，remove这一动作发生在returned之前，故此处应用过去完成时。
3．By
the
end
of
last
year，the
railway
__had
been
completed__(complete)．
[解析] 考查时态和语态。句意：到去年年底为止，这条铁路已经完工了。根据By
the
end
of
last
year可知，complete的动作发生在过去的过去，the
railway和complete之间是动宾关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。
4．Later
Mrs
Green
decided
to
buy
that
kind
of
cloth
because
she
__had
been
told__(tell)
that
the
cloth
__washed__(wash)
very
well.
[解析] 考查时态和语态。由语意可知，Mrs
Green被告知这种布很好洗发生在她决定买之前，表示过去的过去，第一空用过去完成时。that
the
cloth
__
__
very
well是tell的宾语从句，主句用过去时，从句也应用过去时。又因为wash常用主动形式表示被动意义，故不用被动语态。
5．Rose
looks
pale.
What
do
you
think
__has
happened__(happen)to
her?
[解析] do
you
think
作插入语，主句为特殊疑问句。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．experience
vt.经历；感受；体验；遭受n.经验；经历
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)In
fact，anyone
wishing
to
try
race
walking
should
probably
first
consult
a
coach
or
__experienced__
(experience)
racer
to
learn
proper
technique，she
says.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Learning
English
as
a
second
language
can
be
__a__
painful
experience.
③Britain，in
common
with
many
other
industrialized
countries，__has
experienced__(experience)major
changes
over
the
last
100
years.
导图助记
注意：experience作“经验”讲时不可数，可用much修饰；experience作“经历”讲时为可数名词，有复数形式。
能力提升
一句多译
中国是世界第二大经济体，在经济发展方面有经验。
①China
is
the
world’s
second
largest
economy
and
__has
experience
in
economic
development__.(experience)
②China
is
the
world’s
second
largest
economy
and
__is
experienced
in
economic
development__.(experienced)
2．cause
vt.引起；导致；使遭受 n．原因；事业；目标
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)A
flood
had
hit
the
area
earlier
that
year
and
the
damage
it
__caused__
(cause)
had
driven
away
a
number
of
birds.
②(2019·浙江高考)The
biggest
factors
driving
up
water
stress
in
the
state
have
been
rising
temperatures，which
cause
trees
__to
lose__
(lose)
more
water
to
the
air.
③(2019·浙江高考)What
is
a
major
cause
__of__
the
water
shortage
according
to
Mclntyre?
④(2017·天津高考)How
should
you
deal
with
the
problem
__caused__(cause)
by
an
offensive
email?
⑤His
drunk
driving
resulted
in
the
accident，__causing__
(cause)
the
12
people’s
deaths.
归纳拓展
(1)cause
sb.
sth.
给某人造成某种结果
cause
sb.
to
do
sth.
导致某人做某事
(2)the
cause
of...
……的原因
cause
and
effect
因果
易混辨析
cause
直接导致事情发生的原因，后可接of介词短语
reason
着重强调在逻辑推理上得出的原因，其后接介词for，也可以接why引导的定语从句
excuse
指说话人试图为自己辩护或希望得到别人谅解时所提出的借口、理由，后常用介词for
能力提升
选词填空(cause/reason/excuse)
①Too
much
work
is
no
__excuse__
for
not
studying.
②The
__reason__
for
the
flood
was
all
that
heavy
rain.
③Carelessness
is
the
__cause__
of
his
failure.
3．occur
vi.
发生；出现；被想起；被想到
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)We
are
the
products
of
evolution，and
not
just
evolution
that
__occurred__
(occur)
billions
of
years
ago.
②(2018·天津高考)It
seldom
occurred
__to__
them
to
wander
a
bit，to
take
a
moment
to
see
what’s
around
them.
③It
never
occurred
to
him
__to
ask__(ask)anyone.
归纳拓展
sth.
occurs
to
sb.
某人突然想起某事
It
occurs
to
sb.
that...
某人突然想起……
It
occurs
to
sb.
to
do
sth.
某人突然想起做某事
联想拓展
表达“某人突然想起……”的句型还有：
sth.hits/strikes
sb.
It
hits/strikes
sb.that从句
es
up
with
sth.
能力提升
一句多译
这个主意是他在梦中想到的。
①The
idea
__occurred
to
him__in
a
dream.
②He__came
up
with__
the
idea
in
a
dream.
4．strike
v.
(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；打，击；咬伤；打动；(钟)敲响(报时)；使突然想起
n.
打击；空袭；攻击；罢工
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(北京高考)The
children
of
Nome
would
be
helpless
if
diphtheria(白喉)struck
the
town.
(__袭击__)
②(全国卷Ⅱ)It
struck
me
that
playing
against
the
other
team
was
a
great
learning
moment
for
all
the
girls
on
the
team.
(__突然想起__)
③Drawing
back
my
free
hand，I
struck
the
bear
as
hard
as
I
could
for
five
or
six
times.
(__击打__)
④The
visitors
were
struck
by
the
beauty
of
the
country.
(__被……迷住__)
⑤The
workers
went
on
strike
for
a
pay
rise.
(__罢工__)
⑥I
heard
the
clock
striking
eight
when
I
woke
up
this
morning.
(__报时__)
归纳拓展
(1)sth.
strikes
sb.某人突然想起某事
It
strikes
sb.that...某人突然想到……
strike
sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位 打某人某处
be
struck
by...被……打动；被……击中
(2)be
on
strike在罢工
go
on
strike举行罢工
图解助记
能力提升
语法填空
①He
heard
the
clock
__striking__(strike)eight
when
he
returned
home.
②__It__
struck
me
that
we
might
have
made
the
wrong
decision.
单句改错
③(福建高考)The
workers
will
go
on
a
strike
if
the
demands
they
put
forward
are
turned
down.
(__去掉a__)
④I
was
just
about
to
give
it
up
when
a
good
idea
struck
to
me.
(__去掉第二个to__)
5．bury
vt.
埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心
激活知识
语法填空
①The
old
man
died
and
__was
buried__(bury)
in
the
cemetery.
②I
shall
have
to
bury
myself__in__my
studies
if
I
am
to
pass
the
exam.
归纳拓展
专心致志于；埋头于
bury
one’s
face
in
hands
用手捂着脸
联想拓展
表示“专心于”的短语还有：
be
devoted
to
be
absorbed
in
be
addicted
to
be
lost
in
focus
on
concentrate
on
be
occupied
with
fix
one’s
attention
on
能力提升
句式升级
①由于他埋头工作，他没有注意到窗外的嘈杂声。
Because__he
was
buried
in/buried
himself
in__his
work，he
didn’t
notice
the
noise
outside.
②用过去分词短语作状语改写①。
__Buried
in
his
work__，he
didn’t
notice
the
noise
outside.
常考短语
6．end
up
结果为……；以……结束
激活知识
完成句子
①The
boy
referred
to
__ended
up
as__
an
engineer.
提到的那个男孩结果成了一位工程师。
②Some
people
tried
many
ways
to
lose
weight，__ending
up
gaining
weight__
soon
again.
有些人尝试多种方法减肥，结果不久体重却又重新增加了。
归纳拓展
end
up
doing
sth.最终做某事
end
up
in以……告终；结果为……
end
up
with以……结束
end
up
as最终成为……
能力提升
语法填空
①(2020·江苏高考)But
Inglis
ended
up
__buying__
(buy)
hundreds
of
them
himself，with
the
idea
of
repairing
and
selling
them.
②Without
the
help
of
Mr
Smith，our
task
would
have
ended
up
__in__failure.
③You
can
end
up
__with__
what
astronauts
call
a
carbon-dioxide
headache.
必备句型
7．They
can
destroy
houses，but
leave
the
furniture
inside
exactly
where
it
was.
它们能够毁掉房子，但是房子里面的家具却留在原地。
激活知识
句式仿写
①Never
__leave
the
water
running__
all
the
time.
不要让水一直流着。
②She
must
have
__left
the
handbag
where__
she
often
has
a
date
with
her
boyfriend.
她肯定是把手提包忘在了她经常和男友约会的地方了。
归纳拓展
“leave＋sth./sb.＋宾语补足语”为leave的复合结构，此时leave作使役动词，表示“使/让……保持某种状态”，常跟复合宾语。构成如下：
leave
sth./sb.
能力提升
语法填空
①Don’t
leave
her
__waiting__(wait)outside
in
the
rain.
②Jerry
left
home
in
a
hurry，leaving
the
door
__unlocked
__(unlock)．
③Leave
the
medicine
__where__the
children
can’t
reach
it.
8．On
average，there
are
800
tornadoes
in
the
US
each
year，causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,500
injuries.
美国平均每年有800场龙卷风，导致约80人死亡，1,500人受伤。
激活知识
句式仿写
①Her
husband
died
ten
years
ago，__leaving__(leave)
her
with
three
children.
她丈夫十年前去世了，撇下她和三个孩子。
②European
football
is
played
in
more
than
80
countries，__making__(make)
it
the
most
popular
game
in
the
world.
80多个国家都踢欧式足球，使得它成为世界上最流行的运动。
归纳拓展
(1)句中causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,500
injuries是现在分词短语作结果状语。表示句子主干中的动作与状语中的动作之间具有必然的因果关系，通常放在句末。
(2)现在分词短语作结果状语，表自然的、必然的结果。
(3)不定式作结果状语表出乎意料的、没有预料到的结果。
能力提升
语法填空
①(2017·天津高考)The
hospital
has
recently
obtained
new
medical
equipment，__allowing__(allow)more
patients
to
be
treated.
②I
hurried
to
the
airport，only
__to
be
told__(tell)
that
my
friend
had
gone
already.
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
terrorists
can
__strike__
(strike)
at
any
time
without
prorocation.
2．Didn’t
it
ever
occur
__to__
you
what
the
source
of
this
saying
I
just
quoted
is?
3．Teenagers
are
deeply
influenced
by
the
__violence__
(violent)
shown
on
TV.
4．The
city
__has
experienced__
(experience)
over
2,000
such
incidents
in
the
past
two
years.
5．Mary
worked
here
as
a
temporary
secretary
and
ended
up
__getting__
(get)
a
full-time
job
with
the
company.
6．Overuse
of
computers
will
contribute
to
the
failure
of
our
eyesight，which
is
a
__warning__
(warn)
to
us
all.
7．Hardly
had
I
picked
the
phone
__up__
when
I
was
told
that
the
hotel
had
been
booked
up.
8．They
found
the
remains
of
buildings
__buried__
(bury)
under
the
sand.
9.
The
cooling
wind
swept
through
our
bedroom
windows，__making__
(make)
air
conditioning
unnecessary.
10．It’s
great
that
all
the
visitors
who
__had
been
trapped__
(trap)
on
the
island
were
saved.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The
forest
is
easy
to
catch
a
fire
in
such
dry
weather.
__去掉a__
2．The
whole
city
lay
in
ruin
after
the
earthquake，which
made
us
lie
awake
all
night.
__ruin→ruins__
3．Smoking
does
great
damages
to
our
health.
__damages→damage__
4．Burying
in
the
film，she
didn’t
know
it
was
snowing
outside.
__Burying→Buried__
5．Jumping
out
of
an
airplane
at
ten
thousand
feet
is
quite
exciting
experience.
__exciting前加an__
6．At
first
he
refused
to
accept
any
responsibility
but
he
ended
up
apologize.
__apologize→apologizing__
7．Didn’t
it
strike
to
you
that
he
was
lying?
__去掉to__
8．His
misunderstanding
of
language
was
the
primary
cause
for
his
other
problems.
__for→of__
9．Is
there
any
possibility
whether
you
could
pick
me
up
at
the
airport?
__whether→that__
10．The
heavy
snow
lasted
for
a
week，caused
a
serious
traffic
confusion
in
the
area.
__caused→causing__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
tornado，which
is
a
rotating
column
of
air
from
a
thunderstorm
to
the
ground
usually
occurs
in
the
US，affecting
several
US
states
__1.greatly__(great)．The
most
violent
tornadoes
have
winds
__2.of__over
400
km
per
hour.They
can
take
cars，trains
and
even
houses
to
other
__3.places__
(place)，and
also
take
the
fur
or
feathers
__4.off__
an
animal.Almost
all
tornadoes
occur
in
the
US.On
average，there’re
800
each
year，__5.causing__
(cause)about
80
deaths
and
1,500
injuries.The
worst
one
was
in
1925，which
caused
over
700
deaths
and
2,700
injuries.
Hurricanes
have
winds
of
120
km
per
hour
or
more，__6.which__
cause
huge
waves，heavy
rain
and
floods.There’re
six
Atlantic
hurricanes
each
year
on
average.The
__7.worst__
(bad)one
was
in
1900
in
Texas，which
caused
6,000
deaths
and
destroyed
3,600
buildings.Charles
Coghlan，a
nineteenth-century
Irish
actor，died
and
was
buried
in
Texas
in
1899.The
cemetery
__8.was
destroyed__
(destroy)by
the
hurricane
and
his
coffin
__9.ended__
(end)up
in
the
sea.Eight
years
later，the
coffin
was
found
in
the
east
of
Canada，3,000
km
away
from
__10.where__
Coghlan
was
buried.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于地震)
1．2011年3月11日，一场大地震袭击了日本，随后又发生了海啸，造成了严重的损害。
2．一些建筑成为废墟，很多人被埋在了建筑物下。
3．地震和接下来的海啸导致总共28,000多人死亡。
4．令人欣慰的是，地震一发生，全世界的人们都提供了帮助。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用现在分词作结果状语，immediately引导的时间状语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__On
March
11，2011，a
big
earthquake
struck
Japan，and
later
a
tsunami
occurred，causing
serious
damage.
Some
buildings
were
in
ruins
and
many
people
were
buried
in
the
buildings.
The
earthquake
and
the
following
tsunami
caused
the
death
of
more
than
28,000
people
in
all.
Thankfully，people
all
over
the
world
offered
their
help
immediatetly
it
took
place.__
PAGEModule
4 Sandstorms
in
Asia
(主题语境：人与自然——环境保护)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．mass
adj.
__大量的；大规模的__
2．forecast
vt.
__预报；预告__
3．atmosphere
n.
__大气；大气层__
4．environment
n.
__环境__
5．desertification
n.
__(土地的)沙漠化__
6．campaign
n.
__战役；活动__
7．process
n.
__进程；过程__
核心词汇识记
1．__recycle__
v．重新利用；再循环
2．__absolutely__
adv.绝对地；完全地
3．__frightening__adj.吓人的；可怕的→__frighten__vt.吓唬；使害怕→__fright__→n.恐惧；害怕
4．__strength__n.力量；力气→__strengthen__v.加强→__strong__adj.强壮的；坚强的→__strongly__adv.坚强地
5．__concerned__adj.关心的；担心的；有关的→__concern__n.&
v．关心；担心→__concerning__prep.关于
6．__evidence__n.根据；证明→__evident__adj.显然的；明显的
7．__major__adj.主要的；多数的→__majority__n.大多数
8．__urgent__adj.紧急的→__urge__vt.催促；极力主张→__urgency__n.紧急；紧急情况
9．__pollution__n.污染→__pollute__vt.污染
10．__complain__vi.抱怨；发牢骚→__complaint__n.抱怨
11．__protection__n.保护→__protect__v.保护
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．David
has
a__strong__
body.
He
has
the
__strength__
to
do
this
hard
work.
We
had
better
__strengthen__
the
relationship
with
him.(strength)
2.
One
of
the__major__
problems
is
that
a
__majority__
of
the
graduates
who
__major__
in
English
find
it
difficult
to
find
a
good
job.(major)
3.
Lacking
proper__protection__
against
cold，we
try
to
make
a
fire
to
__protect__
us
from
the
cold
night.(protect)
4.
The
teacher__urged__
that
the
students
(should)
be
taught
how
to
take
__urgent__
action
in
__urgency__.(urgent)
5.
The__frightening__
scene
__frightened__
the
boy.
He
felt
__frightened__
but
he
tried
to
hide
his
__fright__.(fright)
6.
Our
parents
are
more__concerned__
about
our
health
and
future.
As
far
as
I’m
__concerned，__we
should
talk
with
our
parents
and
tell
them
our
__concerns__.(concern)
7.
It
was__evident__
that
all
the
__evidence__
we
collected
proved
him
to
be
guilty.(evident)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．砍倒；削减；减少
__cut
down__
2．突然遭遇(风暴等)
__be
caught
in__
3．一个接一个地
__one
after
another__
4．对……有坏影响
__have
a
bad
effect
on__
5．醒来面对；意识到
__wake
up
to__
6．take
in
__吸收；理解；欺骗__
7．give
out
__放出；发出；分发；用尽；精疲力竭__
8．can’t
help
but
__不得不__
9．in
a
nutshell
__简言之；概括地讲__
10．look
through
__浏览；翻阅；查阅__
选用上述短语填空
1．I
will
extremely
appreciate
it
if
my
advice
gets
approved.
__In
a
nutshell__，what
I
want
to
tell
you
is
that
the
Chinese
are
very
easy
to
get
on
with.
2．To
our
disappointment，we
were
late
for
the
World
Cup
final
as
we
__were
caught
in
__a
traffic
jam.
3．The
rainforest
is
being
__cut
down
__at
high
speeds
and
it
may
disappear
from
the
earth
one
day.
4．I
spent
the
whole
night
__taking
in
__what
you
had
told
me
before.
5．There
is
the
bell
for
the
end
of
the
lesson
and
the
students
come
out
of
the
classroom
__one
after
another__.
6．Even
though
the
computer
games
__had
a
bad
effect
on
__him，he
still
went
his
own
way.
1．“前缀fore-”常见词一览
(1)forecast
v．&n.预测；预报
(2)foresee
v．预见；预知
(3)forehead
n．前额
(4)foreground
n．(图片或照片的)前景
(5)foretell
v．预言；预示
2．“后缀-th”高频名词集锦
(1)strength力量；力气
(2)length长度
(3)warmth温暖
(4)depth深度
(5)faith信念；信仰
3．各种“垃圾”
(1)garbage
n．垃圾
(2)rubbish
n．垃圾；废弃物
(3)waste
n．废料；废弃物
(4)trash
n．废物；垃圾
(5)litter
n．垃圾；废弃物
4．“对……有影响”短语集合
(1)have
an
effect
on
(2)have
an
influence
on
(3)have
an
impact
on
5．“简言之”大团圆
(1)in
a
nutshell
(2)in
a
word
(3)all
in
all
(4)in
short/brief
(5)to
be
brief
6．“被困住”家庭
(1)be/get
caught
in
(2)be/get
stuck
in
(3)be/get
trapped
in
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．They
are
often
so
thick
that
you
cannot
see
the
sun，and
the
wind
is
sometimes
strong
enough
to
move
sand
dunes.
沙尘常常很厚以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到可以移动沙丘。
[精析] so...that...引导结果状语从句。
2．The
storms
sometimes
continue
all
day
and
traffic
moves
very
slowly
because
the
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
to
see.
沙尘暴有时候持续一整天，密集的沙尘使得能见度很低，因此来往车辆行驶得很慢。
[精析] “make
it＋adj./n.＋to
do...”中it是形式宾语，形容词或名词作宾补，不定式是真正的宾语。
3．The
garbage
is
then
taken
away
and，if
possible，recycled.
然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。
[精析] if
possible是if
it
is
possible的省略形式。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．男孩如此害怕，以至于不知如何是好。
The
boy
was
__so
frightened
that__
he
didn’t
know
what
to
do.
2．互联网使得人们可以更容易地获取他们所需要的信息。
The
Internet
__makes
it
easier
for
people
to
get__
the
information
they
want.
3．如果可能的话，他会调入一个更好一些的大学。
He
will，__if
possible__，transfer
to
a
better
university.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
动词不定式
语法填空
1．Volunteering
gives
you
a
chance__to
change__
(change)
lives，including
your
own.
[解析] 句意：做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会，包括你自己的生活。名词chance后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语。
2．__To
stay__
(stay)
warm
at
night，I
would
fill
the
wood
stove，then
set
my
alarm
clock
for
midnight
so
I
could
refill
it.
[解析] 句意：为了在晚上保持暖和，我填满了柴炉。然后把闹钟定时到半夜，这样我可以再填满炉子。不动式作目的状语。
3．I
stopped
the
car
__to
take__
(take)
a
short
break
as
I
was
feeling
tired.
[解析] 句意：我感到累了，因此将车停了下来稍做休息。此处用不定式表示目的。
4．He
is
thought
__to
have
acted__
(act)
foolishly.
Now
he
has
no
one
but
himself
to
blame
for
losing
the
job.
[解析] 句意：他被认为表现很糟糕，现在他只能责怪自己丢了那份工作。本句考查的是固定句式：sb
be
thought
to...“某人被认为……”。如果表示的是一个已经完成的动作，就使用不定式的完成式，如果是正在进行的动作，就使用不定式的进行式。根据句意可知他表现很糟糕是在丢掉工作之前，所以使用不定式的完成式。
5．Many
farmers
in
the
countryside
have
gone
to
cities
to
look
for
work
and
left
their
children
behind
__to
be
raised__
(raise)
by
their
grandparents.
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多农民到城里打工而将孩子留给他们的爷爷奶奶抚养。根据句意可知，本句话强调“抚养”的动作尚未完成，且孩子与抚养之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．strength
n．力量；力气；长处；优势
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Turn
to
a
page
in
your
journal
to
your
list
of
__strengths__
(strength)
and
achievements.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)To
avoid
knee
pain，you
can
run
on
soft
surfaces，do
exercises
to
__strengthen__
(strength)your
leg
muscles，avoid
hills
and
get
good
running
shoes.
③After
three
hours’
walk
in
the
sun，I
didn’t
have
the
strength
__to
walk__(walk)any
further.
归纳拓展
(1)with
all
one’s
strength
用尽全身的力气
have
strength
to
do
sth.有力气/意志做某事
build
up
one’s
strength强身健体
strengths
and
weaknesses
长处和短处；优缺点
(2)strengthen
vt.加强；增强；改善
(3)strong
adj.强壮的；强烈的；浓的
能力提升
完成句子
①After
the
illness
I
didn’t
__have__
enough
__strength
to
walk__.
生病后我连走路都没有足够的力气。
②
(2017·北京高考)One
idea
is
that
sleep
__helps
us
strengthen__
new
memories.
一个看法是睡眠帮助我们巩固新的记忆。
2．concerned
adj.关心的；担心的；有关的
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)My
mom
is
really
__concerned__
(concern)
with
the
health
of
everyone
in
our
families.
②(2019·浙江高考)He
felt
concerned
__about__
his
illness.
③The
lecture
to
be
held
tonight
is
concerned
__with__
safety
on
campus.
④As
a
grassroots
singer，she
reads
everything
__concerning__
(concern)
music，and
takes
every
opportunity
to
improve
herself.
导图助记
提示：concerned作形容词时，意为“关心的；挂念的；担心的”，充当前置定语；表示“相关的；有关的”，作定语时要后置。例如：a
concerned
look关切的神色；the
authorities
concerned有关部门。
能力提升
句式升级
①就我个人而言，你不能忽视这个事实。
__As
far
as
I’m
concerned__，you
can’t
ignore
the
fact.
②她非常担心你的安全。
She
__is
deeply
concerned
about__
your
safety.
③用同位语从句连接①②句。
__As
far
as
I’m
concerned，you
can’t
ignore
the
fact
that
she
is
deeply
concerned
about
your
safety.__
3．urgent
adj.紧急的；迫切的
激活知识
语法填空
①Since
the
matter
was
extremely
__urgent__
(urge)，we
dealt
with
it
immediately.
②In
preparation
for
lectures，I
urge
you
__to
do__
(do)
some
reading.
③They
urged
that
the
library
__be
kept__
(keep)
open
during
the
vacation.
归纳拓展
(1)in
urgent
need
of急需
(2)urge
vt.催促；极力主张
urge
sb.to
do
sth./into
doing
sth.力劝/敦促某人做某事
urge(sb.)on力劝；强烈要求
urge＋that-clause强烈要求；极力主张[从句谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形]
(3)urgency
n．紧急；紧急情况
urgently
adv.紧急地
能力提升
完成句子
①They
urged
us
__to
go/into
going__
with
them.
他们极力劝我们同他们一起去。
②The
people
in
the
earthquake-stricken
area
are
__in
urgent
need
of__
food，medicine
and
shelters.
地震灾区的人们急需食品、药品和住的地方。
4．complain
vi.抱怨；发牢骚；控诉；投诉；诉说
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·江苏高考)Some
people—and
I
was
one
of
them—believe
that
humorous
__complaints__
(complain)about
the
little
problems
of
life
make
humor.
②(2018·天津高考)The
students
began
complaining
__about/of__
how
cold
it
would
be.
③Neighbors
complained
__to__
the
police
about
the
dogs
barking.
④It
is
no
use
__complaining__(complain)about
who
should
be
to
blame
for
this
matter
now.
归纳拓展
(1)complain
(to
sb.)
of/about
sth.
(向某人)投诉/抱怨某事
complain
(to
sb.)
that...
(向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint
n．抱怨；投诉；控告
make
a
complaint
(to
sb.)
about/of
sth.
(向某人)抱怨/投诉某事
能力提升
一句多译
人们向我抱怨得不到足够的信息。
①People
__complain
to
me
that__
they
don’t
get
enough
information.
②People
__complain
to
me
about
not
getting__
enough
information.
③People
__make
a
complaint
to
me
that
__
they
don’t
get
enough
information.
常考短语
5．give
out放出；分发；用完；精疲力竭；(指发动机等)停止运转；宣布或广播某事
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Scientists
have
found
that
all
kinds
of
plants
give
out
VOCs
when
being
attacked.
(__放出__)
②After
a
month
their
food
supplies
gave
out.
(__用完__)
③One
of
the
plane’s
engines
gave
out
in
mid-Atlantic.
(__停止运转__)
④The
teacher
gave
out
the
examination
papers.
(__分发__)
⑤The
news
of
the
President’s
death
was
given
out
in
a
radio
broadcast.
(__宣布__)
图解助记
提示：(1)give
out表示“分发；发出；放出；公布”的意义时，为及物动词短语，主语为人。
(2)give
out表示“耗尽；精疲力竭”时，与run
out相同都是不及物动词短语，主语通常是物，而不是人，不能用于被动语态；而use
up和run
out
of为及物动词短语，主语是人而不是物，use
up可以用于被动语态。
归纳拓展
give
away免费送出某物；赠送；泄露某事物或出卖
give
in
(to
sb./sth.)
(向某人/某事物)屈服
give
sth.
off
发出(气味或热)
give
up
放弃
能力提升
介副词填空
①Never
give
__up__
doing
anything
you
want
to
do.
②He
plans
to
stay
there
until
his
money
gives
__out__.
③Chinese
people
will
never
give
__in__
to
enemies.
6．take
in欺骗；收留；理解；包括；改小；吸收
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①He
was
homeless，so
we
took
him
in.
(__收养；收留__)
②Don’t
be
taken
in
by
his
charming
manner;
he’s
completely
cruel.
(__欺骗__)
③On
weekends
the
Smiths
usually
drive
to
countryside
and
take
in
the
fresh
air
there.
(__吸收；摄入__)
④This
dress
needs
to
be
taken
in
at
the
waist.
(__改小__)
⑤Her
lecture
took
in
all
the
recent
developments
in
the
subject.
(__包括；包含__)
⑥I
hope
you’re
taking
in
what
I’m
saying.
(__领会；理解__)
归纳拓展
take
off
脱下；起飞；请假；(事业)成功
take
on
呈现；雇用；承担
take
over
接收；接管
take
up
占据；开始从事
take
down
记下；写下；拆下
take
apart
拆开；分开
能力提升
介副词填空
①Henry’s
taken
__over__
the
running
of
the
family
firm
from
his
old
father.
②She
takes
__on__
extra
work
on
Sundays.
③If
a
man
once
takes
__up__
gambling，it’s
difficult
for
him
to
break
the
habit.
必备句型
7．The
storms
sometimes
continue
all
day
and
traffic
moves
very
slowly
because
the
thick
dust
makes
it
difficult
to
see.
沙尘暴有时候持续一整天，密集的沙尘使得能见度很低，因此来往车辆行驶得很慢。
激活知识
句式仿写
His
laziness
__makes
it
impossible
for
him__
to
succeed.
他的懒惰使他不可能取得成功。
归纳拓展
(1)“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”是一个常用句式，其中作宾语补足语的可以是动词原形、形容词、名词或过去分词。
(2)如果make后的宾语是动词不定式或从句，宾语补足语是形容词或名词，这时往往把形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，把真正的宾语放在后面。find，feel，think，take等动词也有这样的用法。
能力提升
语法填空
①(2019·江苏高考)The
big
brains
make
__it__
harder
for
the
body
to
move
around
and
consume
more
energy.
②I
feel
it
an
honour
__to
be
invited__(invite)
to
speak
here.
8．The
garbage
is
then
taken
away
and，if
possible，recycled.
然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。
激活知识
句式仿写
①__If
necessary__，we’ll
deliver
the
furniture
to
your
house
this
afternoon.
如果有必要的话，我们会在今天下午把家具送到你家。
②__Though
very
angry__，the
father
pretended
to
be
happy
with
the
result.
尽管非常生气，父亲还是假装对结果非常满意。
归纳拓展
(1)在if，when，once，until，unless，while，as
if等引导的状语从句中，如果主从句的主语一致，谓语动词中含有be动词，有时为了使句子简洁，可将主语和系动词省略。在被动语态中有时也采用这种省略现象。
(2)if引导省略的情况有下列几种：
if
any
如果有的话
if
necessary
如果必要的话
if
so
如果是这样的话
if
ever
如果曾经有的话
if
not
如果不这样的话
if
possible
如果可能的话
能力提升
句型转换
Unless
it
is
necessary，you’d
better
not
refer
to
the
dictionary.
→__Unless
necessary__，you’d
better
not
refer
to
the
dictionary.
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those
who
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
__strengths__
(strength)．
2．__Concerned__
(concern)
about
the
student，the
teacher
called
his
parents
to
find
out
why
he
was
so
often
absent
from
class.
3．Please
look
__through__
your
paper
before
you
hand
it
in
to
avoid
possible
mistakes.
4．Some
false
advertisements
are
taking
the
countryside
women
as
their
targets，because
they
are
easy
to
take
__in__.
5．There
is
convincing
evidence
__that__
listening
to
loud
music
can
do
great
harm
to
our
hearing.
6．It
was
__absolutely__
(absolute)
out
of
control，thousands
of
e-mails，people
around
the
world
sharing
their
stories
of
travel.
7．The
shady
trees
provide
__protection__
(protect)
against
the
burning
rays
of
the
sun.
8．The
film
was
very
__frightening__
(frighten)．I
was
scared
to
death
when
I
was
seeing
it.
9．There
were
__so__
many
people
there
that
we
couldn’t
get
through.
10．She
makes
__it__
clear
that
she
doesn’t
like
swimming.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It’s
frightened
to
think
how
easily
children
can
be
hurt.
__frightened→frightening__
2．Caught
by
the
rain
on
my
way
home，I
had
a
bad
cold.
__by→in__
3．Tom’s
illness
made
impossible
for
us
to
finish
the
work
on
time.
__made后面加it__
4．Her
parents
urged
that
she
must
be
strict
with
herself.
__must→should__
5．I
couldn’t
help
but
to
stand
still
for
hours
as
the
boss
told
me
to.
__去掉第一个to__
6．The
majority
of
people
in
the
town
strongly
supports
the
plan
to
build
a
playground
for
children.
__supports→support__
7．He
had
so
little
education
that
he
can’t
teach
so
little
children.
__第二个so→such__
8．All
of
us
were
prevented
starting
off
by
the
heavy
smog.
__starting前面加from__
9．They
were
almost
completely
cut
down
from
the
outside
world.
__down→off__
10．They
will
give
us
help，if
is
possible.
__去掉is或在is前加it__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sandstorms
__1.have
been__
(be)
a
major
disaster
for
many
Asian
countries
for
centuries.Scientists
have
tried
many
ways
__2.to
solve__(solve)this
problem
and
in
China，a
mass
campaign
__3.has
been
started__(start)to
help
solve
it.
Sandstorms
are
strong，dry
winds
that
carry
sand.They
are
often
__4.so__thick
that
you
can’t
see
the
sun，and
the
wind
is
sometimes
strong
enough
__5.to
move__(move)sand
dunes.
Northwest
China
is
part
of
the
sandstorm
centre
in
Central
Asia.Sandstorms
begin
in
desert
areas.Sandstorms
sometimes
affect
Beijing.Citizens
wake
up
to
an
orange
sky
and
strong
winds
__6.that/which__cover
the
city
in
a
thick，brown-yellow
dust.
The
Chinese
Central
Weather
Station
can
forecast
a
sandstorm
some
weeks
__7.before__it
arrives
in
Beijing，but
the
__8.strength__(strong)of
the
storm
sometimes
surprises
people.
The
desert
is
only
250
kilometres
away
to
the
west
of
Beijing.In
order
to
prevent
it
ing__(come)nearer，the
government
has
planted
more
than
30
billion
trees
and
plans
__10.to
continue__(continue)planting
for
the
next
five
years.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于环保)
1．现如今，越来越多的人已经意识到大气污染对他们的健康有着不良影响，并因此而抱怨。
2．保护环境已成为社会的一个主要关注点。
3．污染对环境保护来说是一个巨大的挑战。
4．加强人们的环境保护意识是当务之急。
5．依我看，改变这种情况会是一个缓慢的过程，但我们有信心能够成功。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用It’s＋adj.＋to
do，动名词短语作主语等。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__Nowadays
more
and
more
people
have
realized
that
air
pollution
has
a
bad
effect
on
their
health
and
complained
about
it.
So
protecting
the
environment
has
become
a
major
concern
of
the
society.
Pollution
is
a
big
challenge
of
environmental
protection.
It
is
urgent
to
strengthen
people’s
awareness
of
environmental
protection.
As
far
as
I’m
concerned，getting
it
changed
is
a
slow
process，but
we
are
confident
that
we
can
make
it.__
PAGEModule
5 Great
People
and
Great
Inventions
of
Ancient
China
(主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．principle
n．
__原则；准则__
2．philosophy
n.
__哲学__
3．adviser
n.
__顾问__
4．category
n.
__范畴；种类__
核心词汇识记
1．__position__
n．职位
2．__stress__
vt.强调
3．__condition__
n．状况；条件；环境
4．__equal__adj.平等的→__equality__n.平等
5．__importance__n.重要；重要性→__important__adj.重要的
6．__influential__adj.有影响的→__influence__n.&
v．影响
7．__honesty__
n．诚实→__honest__
adj.诚实的
8．__contribution__n.贡献→__contribute__vt.贡献
9．__invent__vt.发明→__invention__n.发明→__inventor__n.发明家
10．__argument__n.争论；辩论；议论→__argue__v.争论；辩论
11．__freedom__n.自由→__free__adj.自由的；空闲的；免费的
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He
is
a
very
__influential__
person.
He
has
an
important
__influence__on
people’s
ideas.(influential)
2．I
dislike
their
__argument__
but
they
often
__argue__
with
each
other
about
some
small
matters.(argue)
3．Edison
was
a
great
__inventor__and
was
famous
for
his
__inventions__
because
he
__invented__
many
things
in
his
life.(invent)
4．__Freed__
from
prison，he
continued
his
struggle
for
__freedom__of
his
people.(free)
5．The
writer
personally__contributed__￡5,000
to
the
earthquake
fund
last
week
and
all
his
__contributions__
were
gratefully
received.(contribute)
6．The
__honest__
boy
impressed
all
the
employers
with
his
__honesty__.(honesty)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．与……交战
__be
at
war
with__
2．养育；抚养
__bring
up__
3．为……自豪
__be
proud
of__
4．同意；与……相符；适合(某人)
__agree
with__
5．become
interested
in
__对……感兴趣__
6．in
conclusion
__总之__
7．for
the
first
time
__第一次__
8．a
sense
of
responsibility
__责任感__
选用上述短语填空
1．__Brought
up__
in
a
happy
and
wealthy
family，Robert
learned
how
to
observe
good
manners
at
home.
2．Absolutely，she
__is
proud
of
__her
son
who
has
got
his
Doctor’s
degree
from
Harvard
University.
3．__In
conclusion__，as
adults，we
should
take
more
into
consideration
when
making
decisions.
4．The
two
sides
did
not
agree
on
the
subject
__for
the
first
time__，so
today
they
will
sit
down
once
more
to
have
a
discussion.
5．I
__became
interested
in
__Chinese
literature
the
moment
I
arrived
in
China.
6．You
look
well.
The
air
and
the
sea
foods
in
Sanya
must
__agree
with
__you，I
suppose.
1．“形容词＋-y变为名词”单词汇总
(1)honest→honesty诚实
(2)difficult→difficulty困难
(3)modest→modesty谦虚
2．“焦虑的”大集合
(1)anxious
adj.焦虑的；不安的
(2)stressed
adj.紧张的；焦虑的
(3)worried
adj.焦急的；担心的
(4)nervous
adj.神经紧张的；焦虑不安的
(5)tense
adj.紧张的；焦虑的
(6)concerned
adj.焦急的；担忧的
3．各种“争论”
(1)argument
n．争论；辩论
(2)discussion
n．讨论
(3)debate
n．争论；辩论
(4)quarrel
n．争吵
(5)dispute
n．争论；争端
4．“at＋n.”短语集合
(1)at
war处于交战状态
(2)at
peace处于和平状态
(3)at
work在工作
(4)at
table在吃饭
(5)at
rest在休息
5．“……感”一览
(1)a
sense
of
responsibility责任感
(2)a
sense
of
direction方向感
(3)a
sense
of
humour幽默感
(4)a
sense
of
achievement成就感
(5)a
sense
of
belonging归属感
6．“出毛病”小结
(1)go
wrong
(2)out
of
order
(3)break
down
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．Treat
others
in
the
way
you
want
to
be
treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
[精析] way“方式；方法”，作先行词并且在从句中作状语时，用in
which，that或省略关系词的形式引导定语从句。
2．Mencius
believed
that
the
reason
why
man
is
different
from
animals
is
that
man
is
good.
孟子认为，人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
[精析] “the
reason
why...is
that...”中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。
3．However，we
do
know
that
in
1092
AD
he
invented...
然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他发明了……
[精析] “do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调。
4．Cars
were
first
used
at
the
end
of
the
nineteenth
century，and
were
no
faster
than
a
horse.
汽车在19世纪末首次投入使用，那时并不比马快多少。
[精析] “no＋比较级＋than”表示“一者并不比另一者……；两者都不……”。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．她羡慕我回答问题的方式。
She
admired
__the
way
(that)/in
which__
I
answered
the
questions.
2．我没有参加宴会的原因是我太忙了。
The
reason__why__
I
didn’t
attend
the
party
__was
that__
I
was
too
busy.
3．他的确喜欢听古典音乐。
__He
does
enjoy__
listening
to
classical
music.
4．半真半假的话不见得比说谎要好。
A
half
truth
is
often
__no
better
than__
a
lie.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
定语从句
语法填空
1．That
scientist
__whose__
work
is
successful
has
been
made
a
model
worker.
[解析] 句意：那个工作很成功的科学家已经当选为劳动模范。句中的先行词为that
scientist，且空处在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词work，所以用whose引导。
2．His
new
car，for
__which__
he
paid
7,000
pounds，has
already
had
to
be
repaired.
[解析] 句意：他花了7,000英镑买来的那辆新车已经不得不修理了。此处是“介词for＋which”引导的定语从句，先行词为his
new
car。
3．In
our
school
there
are
200
computers，__of__which
60%
need
replacing.
[解析] 句意：我们学校有200台电脑，其中有60%的电脑需要更换。此处of表示整体与部分的关系，即用于“部分＋of＋整体(which，whom)”结构中。此句可以转化为“In
our
school
there
are
200
computers，and
60%
of
them
need
replacing.”。
4．Many
people
tried
to
leave
the
country，__where__
there
was
much
violence
and
a
serious
shortage
of
food
supply.
[解析] 逗号后面的句子为定语从句，修饰先行词the
country，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where。
5．The
classroom
is
crowded
with
children__who__
have
poor
eyesight，all
of
__them
__
interested
in
painting.
[解析] 句意：教室中挤满了视力不好的孩子，他们都对绘画感兴趣。who
have
poor
eyesight是定语从句，
修饰先行词children。all
of
them
interested
in
painting是独立主格结构。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．equal
adj.
平等的；相等的；胜任的 v.
等于；比得上 n．相匹敌的人(东西)
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Your
personal
circumstances
are
__equally__
(equal)
important.
②I
am
not
equal
__to__
the
position，so
I
don’t
apply
for
it.
③None
of
us
can
equal
him
__in__
strength.
④I
will
make
full
preparations
for
the
job
interview
because
I
believe
in
__equality__
(equal)
of
opportunity.
归纳拓展
(1)feel/be
equal
to(doing)
sth.能胜任(做)……；与……相等
be
equal
in
在……方面相同/相等
without
equal
无比；无敌
equal
sb./sth.(in
sth.)
与某人/某物(在某方面)相同或相等
(2)equality
n．平等；相等
equally
adv.相等地；平等地
巧学助记
无与伦比的equal
能力提升
句型转换
No
one
matches
him
in
courage，about
which
everyone
knows.
①No
one
__equals
him
in__courage，about
which
everyone
knows.
②No
one
__is
equal
to
him
in
__courage，about
which
everyone
knows.
2．contribution
n.
贡献；捐款；稿件
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Emoji
can
contribute
directly
__to__
that
positive
outcome.
②(2020·江苏高考)Wilson
received
several
international
awards
for
his
great
__contributions__
(contribute).
导图助记
能力提升
完成句子
①Don’t
undervalue
Jim’s
__contributions__
to
the
research.
不要低估了吉姆在研究工作中的贡献。
②Would
you
like
to
__make
a
contribution
to__
the
hospital
building
fund?
你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？
3．order
n．秩序；次序；命令；规则；订单 vt.命令；订购；点菜
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)You
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions.
(__点菜__)
②(2020·天津高考)
Shall
I
order
a
taxi
for
Sarah
to
go
to
the
airport
tonight？
(__订__)
③(2017·江苏高考)Governments
could
order
the
sharing
of
certain
kinds
of
data，with
users’
consent.
(__命令__)
④(全国卷Ⅰ)Let’s
number
the
letters
of
the
alphabet，in
order，from
1
to
26.
(__顺序__)
归纳拓展
(1)in
order
整齐；秩序井然；按顺序；妥当的
out
of
order
发生故障；次序颠倒；混乱
place
an
order
for
sth.
with
sb.
向某人订购某物
(2)order
sb.
to
do
sth.
命令某人做某事
order＋that-clause
命令……
提示：order作动词时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略；作名词表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。
能力提升
语法填空
①The
government
has
placed
an
order
__for__
new
weapons.
②The
old
man
ordered
the
rude
young
man
__to
go__
(go)
out.
③He
ordered
that
the
work
should
__
be
started__
(start)
at
once.
4．condition
n．条件；状况；环境
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)It’s
the
off-set
training
and
living
__conditions__
(condition)
that
are
raising
concerns.
②Though
in
his
eighties，the
old
man
is
still
__in__
good
condition.
③__On__
no
condition
must
you
tell
them
the
secret.
④Can
you
imagine
such
conditions
__where__
you
have
nothing
to
live
on
for
a
week?
归纳拓展
(1)living/housing/working
conditions生活/住房/工作条件
under...conditions在……条件下
(2)be
in
good/bad/poor
condition状况良好/恶劣；健康/不健康
out
of
condition身体不适
(3)on
condition(that)．..在……条件下；倘若
on
no
condition决不(放于句首时，句子需部分倒装)
注意：(1)condition表示“环境”时，常用复数形式；表示“状况”时，是不可数名词；表示“条件”时，是可数名词。
(2)on
no
condition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词等放在主语之前。
能力提升
句型转换
①There
is
no
difficulty
we
cannot
overcome
as
long
as
we
are
united.
→There
is
no
difficulty
we
cannot
overcome
__on
condition
that__
we
are
united.
②China
will
never
be
the
first
to
use
nuclear
weapons.
→__On
no
condition__will
China
be
the
first
to
use
nuclear
weapons.
5．stress
n．压力；重音
vt.加压力于；使紧张
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)But
the
sport’s
strange
form
does
place
considerable
stress
__on__
the
ankles
and
hips.
②Things
can
easily
go
wrong
when
people
are
__under__stress.
③Studying
abroad
can
be
__stressful__(stress)，because
you
have
to
worry
about
adjusting
to
a
new
culture
at
the
same
time.
④Cooperation
or
teamwork，the
importance
__of__
which
is
often
stressed，plays
an
important
part
in
football
matches.
归纳拓展
(1)stress
the
importance
of强调……的重要性
(2)under
stress在压力之下
under
the
stress
of在……压力下；为……所迫
lay/put/place
stress
on强调；把重点放在……上
(3)stressful
adj.压力大的；紧张的
能力提升
一句多译
老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。
①Teachers
often
__
stressed
the
importance
of__
diligence
in
the
approach
to
success.
(stress
v．)
②Teachers
often
__laid
stress
on__diligence
in
the
approach
to
success.
(stress
n.
)
常考短语
6．bring
up养育；抚养；提出；呕吐
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①To
our
surprise，Tom
was
brought
up
by
a
Chinese
couple.
(__抚养__)
②All
these
problems
were
brought
up
at
the
last
meeting.
(__提出__)
③The
greedy
child
brought
up
all
he
had
eaten.
(__呕吐__)
归纳拓展
bring
about引起；产生；导致；带来
bring
sth.back带回某物；使想起……
bring
down让……降下来；使倒下
bring
forward提前
bring
in引入
bring
out取出；使显出；阐明；出版
能力提升
介副词填空
①Science
has
brought
__about__
many
changes
in
our
lives.
②In
addition
to
his
salary，he
has
investments
which
bring
__in__
about
five
hundred
pounds
a
year.
③Martin
has
been
bringing
__up__
all
he
ate.
④Difficulties
can
bring
__out__
a
person’s
best
qualities.
必备句型
7．Treat
others
in
the
way
you
want
to
be
treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
激活知识
句式仿写
I
don’t
like
the
way
__(that/in
which)
he
looks
at
me__.
我不喜欢他那样看着我。
归纳拓展
(1)way作“方式；方法”讲，在句中作先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用that或in
which来引导，也可省略。
(2)若定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，则使用关系代词which或that。
(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，后接不定式或of
doing
sth.的形式作后置定语。
能力提升
语法填空
①The
way
__that/which__
came
up
at
the
meeting
was
unpractical.
②Specialists
can
come
up
with
new
ways
__to
solve/of
solving__(solve)the
problem
of
air
pollution.
8．Mencius
believed
that
the
reason
why
man
is
different
from
animals
is
that
man
is
good.
孟子认为，人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
激活知识
用适当的关联词填空
①The
only
reason
__why__
I
went
was
__that__
I
wanted
to
meet
your
friends.
②The
reason
for
the
party
is
__that__
it’s
Sue’s
birthday.
③The
reason
__(that/which)__
he
explained
to
us
is
__that__
he
hadn’t
read
it
before.
④Why
don’t
you
believe
the
reason
__that__
my
car
was
held
up
in
the
traffic
jam?
归纳拓展
(1)the
reason
why...is
that...“……的原因是……”，其中why引导的是定语从句，is之后的that引导表语从句。
(2)That/This
is
because...“这是因为……”，because引导表语从句，表示原因。
(3)That/This
is
why...“这就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句，表示结果。
(4)the
reason后接同位语从句解释其内容时，用引导词that。
注意：
reason用作先行词时，其后定语从句中的关系代词或副词的选择要依据定语从句所缺少的成分来确定：
(1)如果从句中缺少状语，则要用why或for
which引导定语从句，why有时可以省略；(2)如果缺少主语或宾语，则要用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句，that/which在定语从句中作宾语时也可省略。
能力提升
句式升级
He
wasn’t
admitted
into
a
key
university
in
2019
because
his
grades
were
too
low.
→__The
reason
why
he
wasn’t
admitted
into
a
key
university
in
2019
was
that
his
grades
were
too
low.__(the
reason
why...is
that...)
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Nobody
wants
to
live
in
a
very
__stressful__
(stress)
environment.
2．In
my
opinion，__honesty__
(honest)
is
the
most
important
part
of
friendship，because
I
hate
being
cheated.
3．In
my
day，children
__were
brought__
(bring)
up
to
respect
the
law.
4．As
reward
for
his
__contribution__
(contribute)
to
botany，Joseph
Banks
had
a
flower
named
after
him.
5．He
is
a
very
__influential__
(influence)
man
in
the
company，so
everyone
would
like
to
follow
his
advice.
6．__Do__
be
careful
while
you
are
driving
on
the
road.
7．I
don’t
think
Bob
is
equal
__to__
being
a
manager，for
he
has
little
knowledge
about
management.
8．As
we
all
know，there
are
four
important__inventions__
(invent)
in
ancient
China.
9．I
thought
him
to
be
nice
and
honest
__the__
first
time
I
met
him.
10．The
reason
why
I
have
to
go
is
__that__
my
mother
is
ill
in
bed.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．He
can’t
still
go
for
an
outing，because
he
is
out
of
the
condition.
__去掉the__
2．He
ordered
that
the
goods
sent
by
air.
__sent前加be__
3．Whatever
background
you
come
from，you
can
be
equal
successful
with
your
hard
work
like
many
others.
__equal→equally__
4．The
two
countries
have
been
at
war
each
other
for
more
than
five
years.
__在war后加with__
5．The
reason
why
he
died
young
was
because
he
paid
no
attention
to
his
health.
__because→that__
6．He
brought
up
in
France，but
he
speaks
English
fluently.
__在brought前加was__
7．I’ll
come
in
condition
that
John
is
invited
too.
__in→on__
8．This
is
the
place
where
they
met
the
first
time.
__met后加for__
9．I
hate
the
way
which
she
always
criticizes
me.
__which→that或在which前加in或去掉which__
10．I’m
as
poor
as
him.
So
we
can
say
I’m
not
richer
than
him.
__not→no__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mencius
was
a
thinker
whose
teachings
were
very
similar
to
__1.those__of
Confucius.Mencius
was
born
in
372
BC.His
father
died
when
he
was
young，and
he__2.was
brought__
(bring)
up
by
his
mother.He
became
a
student
of
Confucius’s
ideas，and
was
then
__3.given__
(give)
an
important
position
in
the
government
of
state.__4.However__，when
he
saw
that
the
ruler
was
not
__5.following__
(follow)
his
advice，he
resigned.For
many
years
he
travelled
from
state
to
state，teaching
__6.the__
principles
of
Confucius.He
then
became
an
__7.adviser__
(advice)
to
another
ruler.He
spent
his
last
years
__8.preparing__
(prepare)
a
book
called
The
Book
of
Mencius.Mencius
believed
that
the
reason
why
man
is
different
from
animals
is
__9.that__
man
is
good.He
believed
that
people
were
more
important
than
rulers，and
hated
the
state
when
it
treated
people
__10.badly__
(bad)．
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于公司职员)
1．彼得在一家皮革公司担任重要职位。
2．他善于采纳别人的建议。
3．他总是向他的同事强调诚实、公正和善良的重要性。
4．他为公司的发展做出了巨大贡献。
5．这使他的公司以他为自豪。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who，which引导的定语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__Peter，who
holds
an
important
position
in
a
leather
company，is
good
at
following
other
people’s
advice.
He
always
stresses
the
importance
of
honesty，justice
and
kindness
to
his
colleagues.
He
has
made
great
contributions
to
the
development
of
the
company，which
makes
his
company
proud
of
him.__
PAGEModule
6 Old
and
New
(主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．ridiculous
adj.
__荒唐的；可笑的__
2．enormous
adj.
__巨大的；庞大的__
3．crash
vt.
__(飞机)失事；坠毁__
4．relic
n.
__(历史的)遗迹；遗物__
核心词汇识记
1．__date__
vi.始于(某一历史时期)
2．__remove__
vt.
迁移；搬迁
3．__engineering__n.(土木)工程→__engineer__n.工程师
4．__accommodate__vt.容纳(乘客等)→__accommodation__n.住处；办公处；场所
5．__construction__n.建造；建设；建筑→__construct__vt.建造；建设
6．__historical__adj.历史的；有关历史的→__historic__adj.具有历史意义的→__history__n.历史
7．__narrow__adj.狭窄的v.变窄→__narrowly__adv.狭窄地；勉强地
8．__poem__n.诗；诗歌→__poet__n.诗人
9．__global__adj.全球的→__globe__n.地球；地球仪
10．__freezing__adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→__frozen__adj.凝固的；冻僵的→__freeze__v.使凝固
11．__foggy__adj.有浓雾的→__fog__n.雾
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.
Johnson
is
a
famous__poet__
and
most
of
his
__poems__
are
based
on
real
life.(poem)
2.
It’s
said
that__fog__
is
harmful
to
our
health，so
we
should
wear
masks
on
__foggy__
days.(fog)
3.
The
speaker
stressed
that
for
all
the
countries
across
the__globe__，the
problem
of
__global__
warming
should
be
paid
special
attention
to.(global)
4.
The
reason
why
I
was
very
unsatisfied
is
that
I
was__accommodated__
in
the
village
for
the
first
time
that
was
small
and
desperately
in
need
of
proper
__accommodation__.(accommodate)
5.
It
is__freezing__
outside
now，and
more
snow
is
falling
on
already
__frozen__
streets.(freeze)
6.
My
car
finally
came
to
a__narrow__
road，some
part
of
which
__narrowed__
to
only
5
meters
in
width.
At
the
moment，another
car
ran
in
our
direction.
It
was
running
so
fast
that
it
__narrowly__
missed
hitting
mine.
How
dangerous
it
was!
(narrow)
7.
It
took
them
two
years
to__construct__
the
bridge
and
the
__construction__
was
excellent.(construct)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．起源于
__date
from__
2．阻止
__hold
back__
3．(梦想等)变成现实
__come
true__
4．有意义；有道理
__make
sense__
5．of
great
importance
__很重要__
6．dream
of
__梦想__
7．now
that
__既然__
8．bring
an
end
to
__结束；终止__
选用上述短语填空
1．They
__brought
an
end
to
__the
meeting
after
three
hours
without
reaching
any
agreement
yesterday
afternoon.
2．This
kind
of
tradition
__dating
from
__Tang
Dynasty
is
replaced
by
a
new
life
style
with
the
development
of
society.
3．I
don’t
think
it
__makes
sense__
to
buy
that
expensive
coat
when
those
cheaper
ones
are
just
as
good.
4．I
am
excited
to
have
my
own
house
now，for
I
never
think
my
dream
could
__come
true
__so
soon.
5．The
man
tried
to
__hold
back
__his
anger
when
he
knew
he
met
unfair
treatment，but
in
vain.
6．I
have
__dreamt
of
__becoming
a
responsible
English
teacher
like
my
father
since
I
was
a
child.
1．“v.＋n.”构成合成名词一览
(1)watchtower
n．望台
(2)playground
n．操场
(3)pickpocket
n．扒手
(4)copyright
n．版权
2．“v.＋-al”名词扫描
(1)remove→removal移动
(2)arrive→arrival到达
(3)survive→survival幸存
(4)approve→approval赞成
(5)revive→revival复兴
3．“看”过来
(1)observe
v．观察
(2)watch
v．观看；注视
(3)notice
v．注意到
(4)see
v．看到；看见
(5)look
v．看
4．表示天气情况的常见词
(1)foggy
adj.有浓雾的
(2)rainy
adj.下雨的
(3)snowy
adj.下雪的
(4)cloudy
adj.多云的
(5)windy
adj.有风的
5．“dream”短语汇总
(1)dream
of/about
doing梦想做……
(2)have
a
dream做了个梦
(3)dream
a．..dream做了个……的梦
(4)realize
one’s
dream实现某人的梦想
(5)beyond
one’s
wildest
dreams做梦也想不到
6．各种“拜访”
(1)pay
a
visit
to拜访
(2)be
on
a
visit
to正对……进行访问
(3)call
on
sb.拜访某人
(4)call
at
sp.拜访某地
(5)drop
in
on
sb.顺便拜访某人
(6)drop
in
at
sp.顺便拜访某地
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．It
took
six
years
to
build
and
cost
US
$20
billion.
它(香港国际机场)花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。
[精析] it为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to
do
sth.为真正的主语。
2．Is
it
possible
to
see
the
relics
now
that
they
have
been
submerged?
既然这些遗迹都已被淹没，
还有可能再看到他们吗？
[精析] Is
it
possible
to
do...？“做……有可能吗？”
3．Why
do
you
think
there
are
so
many
tall
buildings
in
the
world
now?
你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑？
[精析] do
you
think/believe/know/suggest...在句中可作插入语。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．走到火车站用了(我)十分钟。
It
__took
me__
ten
minutes
to
walk
to
the
railway
station.
2．现在乘坐宇宙飞船到月球是有可能的了。
Now
__it
is
possible
to__
fly
to
the
moon
in
a
spaceship.
3．你知道谁获得了今年的贝诺尔文学奖吗？
Who
__do
you
know__
has
won
the
Nobel
Prize
for
literature
this
year?
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
非限制性定语从句
语法填空
1．The
new
computer，__which__
he
loves
a
lot，breaks
down
frequently.
[解析] 空处引导非限制性定语从句，并且在从句中作loves的宾语，因此用which。
2．The
air
quality
in
our
city，__as__
is
shown
in
the
chart，has
declined
over
the
last
three
months.
[解析] 句意：就像图表中显示的那样，我们城市的空气质量在过去的三个月中有所下降。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的内容，且从句位于主语与谓语之间，应用as引导。
3．The
world-famous
director，three
of
__whose__
movies
won
Oscar
Awards，is
reported
to
have
retired.
[解析] 空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词world-famous
director，而且根据句意，后面应该表示的是“他的三部电影”，因此用关系代词whose作定语。
4．The
children，all
of
__whom__
had
played
the
whole
day
long，were
worn
out.
[解析] 句意：这些玩了一天的孩子们累坏了。先行词为children，指人，且此处为非限制性定语从句，故用whom。
5．Her
son
was
accused
of
cheating
by
the
police，__which__
made
it
difficult
for
her
to
go
to
sleep.
[解析] 考查定语从句。句意：她的儿子被警察指控犯了诈骗罪，这使她睡不着觉。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话内容。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．date
vi.始于(某一历史时期) vt.确定……的年代；注明日期于 n．日期；约会
激活知识
语法填空
①Stonehenge
is
one
of
the
world’s
most
famous
prehistoric
monuments
__dating__(date)back
over
5,000
years.
②(天津高考)The
dictionary
is
__out__
of
date：many
words
have
been
added
to
the
language
since
it
was
published.
归纳拓展
(1)date
back
to/from
始于；追溯到……
(2)up
to
date
现代的；最新式的
out
of
date
过期的；过时的；不再流行的
to
date＝
up
to
now
迄今为止；到目前为止
have
a
date
with
sb.
与某人约会
set/fix
a
date
for...
确定……的日期
提示：(1)date
back
to/from常指以现在的时间点为起点，向前追溯到过去某个时间，因此在句中作谓语时要用一般现在时态，没有进行时和被动语态形式。
(2)当date
back
to/from用作定语时，要用现在分词作定语。
能力提升
句式升级
The
temple
has
a
long
history.
It
dates
back
to
the
early
period
of
the
Tang
Dynasty.
①The
temple
__which
dates
back
to
the
early
period
of
the
Tang
Dynasty__has
a
long
history.
(定语从句)
②The
temple
__dating
back
to
the
early
period
of
the
Tang
Dynasty__has
a
long
history.(现在分词短语作定语)
2．accommodate
vt.容纳(乘客等)；使适应；向……提供 vi.适应
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①
(2020·天津高考)Your
library
might
be
able
to
accommodate
you.
(__使适应__)
②The
hotel
can
accommodate
500
tourists.
(__容纳__)
③The
bank
will
accommodate
him
with
a
loan.
(__提供__)
导图助记
能力提升
语法填空
①We
can
provide
__accommodation__
(accommodate)
for
six
people
at
a
push.
②Her
eyes
took
a
while
to
accommodate
__to__
the
darkness.
3．narrow
adj.
狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的 v．(使)变窄；缩小
激活知识
语法填空
①To
their
relief，their
students
__narrowly__(narrow)escaped
from
the
shaking
building.
②There
are
easy
ways
to
narrow
__down__
your
choice.
③She
had
__a__
narrow
escape
from
the
serious
disease.
归纳拓展
(1)a
narrow
escape
九死一生
narrow
victory/defeat
险胜/勉强击败
(2)narrow
down
缩小……的范围
narrow...to...
把……局限在……之间
(3)narrowly
adv.勉强地；差一点儿；狭隘地
能力提升
完成句子
①A
woman
had
a
__narrow
escape__
yesterday
when
her
car
left
the
road.
昨天一位女士的车偏离了公路，九死一生。
②How
to
__narrow
the
income
gaps__
between
the
poor
and
the
rich
is
a
big
problem.
如何缩小穷人和富人之间的收入差距是一个很大的问题。
4．remove
v.
迁移；
搬迁；移开；搬开；除去；开除 n.
移动；升级
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·江苏高考)What
has
led
many
governments
__to
remove__
(remove)
necessary
regulations?
②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When
fat
and
salt
__are
removed__
(remove)
from
food，the
food
tastes
as
if
it
is
missing
something.
③The
boy
was
removed
__from__
school
for
fighting.
④Our
office
has
removed
from
Beijing
__to__
Shanghai.
归纳拓展
remove...from...
把……从……移开
remove
from...
to...
从……搬到……
be
removed
from
school
被开除；被勒令退学
易混辨析
remove
remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的位置，有时相当于take
away/off。remove还有“开除；除去”的含义
move
move强调位置和姿态的改变。表示“迁居”时，两者均可用
图解助记
能力提升
句式升级
The
boy
was
removed
from
the
school
football
team
and
he
felt
very
sad.
→__Removed
from
the
school
football
team__，he
felt
very
sad.(过去分词短语作状语)
常考短语
5．hold
back
阻止；妨碍；抑制(情感等)；隐瞒
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)
If
an
overweight
person
is
having
a
large
portion，I’ll
hold
back
a
bit
because
I
see
the
results
of
his
eating
habits.
(__忍住，控制住__)
②The
police
had
to
use
force
to
hold
back
the
crowd.
(__阻止__)
③You
shouldn’t
hold
anything
back
from
us；we
want
to
know
the
whole
story.
(__隐瞒__)
④Farmers
apparently
hold
back
produce
in
the
hope
that
prices
will
rise.
(__储备；保留__)
归纳拓展
hold
on
(打电话时用语)请等一下；不要挂断
hold
up举起；支持住；使停顿；耽误
hold
on
to
抓住；
保持；
不要放弃
hold
one’s
breath
屏息
hold
out
伸出
catch/get/grab/seize/take
hold
of
抓住；
拿住；握住
能力提升
介副词填空
①They
were
ready
to
hold
__out__
a
friendly
hand.
②His
car
was
held
__up__
in
the
traffic
jam，so
he
was
late
for
the
party.
③When
he
left
the
telephone
to
find
a
pencil，he
asked
me
to
hold
__on__.
④Jim
held
__back__
his
anger
and
avoided
a
fight.
6．make
sense
有道理；讲得通
激活知识
语法填空
①__In__
a
sense，I
can’t
agree
with
what
you
said.
②__There__
is
no
sense
in
waiting
for
him.
③__It__
makes
good
sense
to
save
some
money
for
a
rainy
day.
④I
can’t
make
sense
__of__
your
letter.
归纳拓展
make
sense
of
了解……的意义；懂得
in
a
sense
在某一方面；就某种意义来讲
in
no
sense
决不
There
is
no
sense
in
doing
sth.做某事没意义
易混辨析
make
sense
意为“有意义；有道理；讲得通”。以物作主语，不可用于被动语态
make
sense
of
“弄懂，理解”。以人作主语，可以用于被动语态
能力提升
句式升级
①我们根据我们自己的兴趣来选择专业。
We
choose
majors
__according
to
our
own
interest.__
②很多同学认为这有意义。
Many
students
think
it
__makes
sense__.
③用it作形式宾语的宾语从句连接①②。
__Many
students
think
it
makes
sense
that
we
choose
majors
according
to
our
own
interest__.
7．bring
an
end
to
结束；终止
激活知识
语法填空
①The
party
was
a
success.We
sang
and
danced
until
it
came
to
__an__
end
at
midnight.
②For
several
miles
__on__end，there
was
no
house
on
either
side
of
the
road.
归纳拓展
(1)bring/put
an
end
to
sth.＝bring/put
sth.
to
an
end结束；终止
come
to
an
end结束；完结
make
ends
meet使收支相抵
carry...through
to
the
end将……进行到底
(2)from
beginning
to
end从头到尾
end
to
end首尾相连地
in
the
end最后；最终
on
end连续地；竖着
能力提升
句型转换
The
referee
blew
his
whistle
to
end
the
match.
①→The
referee
blew
his
whistle
to
__bring/put
an
end
to__
the
match.
②→The
referee
blew
his
whistle
to
__bring/put__
the
match
__to
an
end__.
必备句型
8．It
took
six
years
to
build
and
cost
US
$20
billion.
它(香港国际机场)花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。
激活知识
句式仿写
①伤口过了很长时间才愈合。
__It
took
a
long
time
for
the
wounds
to
heal.__
句型转换
②Making
this
plane
model
cost
me
much
time.
＝It
__took
me
much
time
to
make__
this
plane
model.
＝I
__spent
much
time(in)
making__
this
plane
model.
归纳拓展
It
takes
sb.
some
time
to
do
sth.，意为“某人花费时间做某事。”it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to
do
sth.是句子的真正主语。此外take还表“需要”之意。
能力提升
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Designer
Jennifer
Anderson
admits
it
took
her
a
while
__to
come__
(come)
around
to
the
opinion.
②(浙江高考)I
can
still
remember
how
long
__it__
took
to
polish
the
legs
of
our
coffee
table.
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．__To
accommodate__
(accommodate)
himself
to
the
life
abroad，he
has
to
keep
his
knowledge
and
skills
updated.
2．The
old
lady
decided
to
spend
the
remaining
time
she
could
afford
__travelling__
(travel)
around
the
world，enjoying
every
minute.
3．The
new
suspension
bridge
designed
by
the
famous
architect
is
under
__construction__
(construct)
now，which
will
be
completed
in
2023.
4．How
dangerous!
We
__narrowly__
(narrow)
avoided
an
accident
just
now.
5．With
the
misunderstanding
__removed__
(remove)，the
two
old
friends
made
up
happily.
6．They
have
found
cave
paintings
__dating__
(date)
back
to
thousands
of
years.
7．As
for
me，it
is
not
when
to
do
the
task
but
how
to
do
it
that
is
__of__
great
importance.
8．I
always
dream
of
there
__being__
(be)
a
chance
to
travel
to
different
places，meeting
different
people.
9．All
good
things
must
come
to
__an__
end，and
that
includes
our
Universe
itself.
10．There
are
two
new
buildings
under
construction，one
of
__which__
is
a
rest
home
for
old
people.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I’m
sure
you
will
take
three
years
to
finish
your
subjects
at
evening
schools.
__you→it__
2．Three
quarters
of
China’s
energy
are
produced
by
burning
coal.
__are→is__
3．This
is
an
old
painting
dated
from
the
16th
century.
__dated→dating__
4．I
have
to
take
buses
to
work
this
week，for
my
car
is
repaired.
__is后面加being__
5．She
must
try
to
make
sense
what
was
going
on
outside.
__sense后面加of__
6．The
Sea-Crossing
Bridge，due
to
be
completed
at
the
end
of
last
year，is
still
in
construction.
__in→under__
7．I’ve
always
dreamed
of
come
to
China，and
now
the
dream
has
come
true.
__第一个come→coming__
8．Teenagers
shouldn’t
be
remove
from
school
although
they
don’t
do
well
in
studies.
__remove→removed__
9．That
is
possible
for
Tom
to
go
to
Beijing
for
his
summer
vacation.
__That→It__
10．At
a
sense
you
are
right
in
refusing
to
join
the
club.
__At→In__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
is
the
biggest
construction
project
in
China.It
has
been
built
__1.to
control__
(control)flooding
and
provide
hydro-electric
power
for
the
__2.central__
(center)
region
of
China.It
is
the
largest
hydro-electric
power
station
and
dam
in
the
world
and
has
cost
more
than
any
__3.other__
construction
project
in
history.Three
quarters
of
China’s
energy
__4.is
produced__(produce)by
burning
coal，__5.which__
causes
serious
air
pollution
and
increases
global
warming.The
dam
will
generate
electricity
equal
__6.to
__about
40
million
tons
of
coal
without
__7.causing__(cause)so
much
air
pollution.
The
reservoir
has
flooded
2
cities,11
counties,140
towns
and
more
than
4,000
villages.More
than
a
million
people
__8.have
moved__
(move)from
their
homes
and
they
are
living
__9.a
__
happy
new
life
in
different
areas.
The
Three
Gorges
area
has
flooded
some
of
China’s
most
famous
historical
sites
and
about
800
relics.Some
of
them
are
being
removed
__10.and__
some
are
being
put
into
museums.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于历史古迹)
1．在极冷的一天，政府就是否把追溯到1
000年前的古望台移走展开了讨论。
2．一些人认为这样做有道理。
3．另外一些人试图阻止。他们认为，这座古望台应该受到保护。此外，把如此庞大的历史遗迹移走是荒唐的。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用定语从句，动名词短语作主语等。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__On
a
freezing
cold
day，the
government
held
a
discussion
on
whether
to
remove
the
old
watchtower
which
dated
back
to
1,000
years
ago.Some
people
thought
it
made
sense，while
others
tried
to
hold
it
back
because
they
thought
it
should
be
preserved.What’s
more，removing
such
an
enormous
historical
site
was
ridiculous.__
PAGE
