Module
1 British
and
American
English
(主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．accent
n．
__口音__
2．queue
v.
__排队(等候)__
3．remark
n.
__评论；讲话__
4．distinctive
adj.
__与众不同的__
5．standard
adj.
__标准的__
核心词汇识记
1．__compare__
vt.比较
2．__present__
vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)
3．__attempt__
n．努力；尝试
4．__obvious__adj.显然的；显而易见的→__obviously__adv.显然地
5．__confusing__adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→__confuse__v.使困惑；使迷惑不解→__confused__adj.困惑的；不解的→__confusion__n.困惑；混乱
6．__variety__n.种类→__various__adj.各种各样的→__vary__v.改变；变化
7．__differ__vi.不同；有区别→__difference__n.区别；差异→__different__adj.不同的→__differently__adv.不同地
8．__settler__n.移民；定居者→__settle__v.定居；解决→__settlement__n.解决；定居
9．__announcement__n.声明；宣告→__announce__v.声明；宣告
10．__add__vt.加；增加→__addition__n.增加
11．__combination__n.组合；结合→__combine__vt.结合
12．__reference__n.参考；查阅→__refer__v.查阅；提到；涉及
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The
heavy
snow
__added__
to
our
difficulty.In
__addition__，it
made
us
upset.(add)
2．We
were
impressed
with
a
wide
__variety__
of
plants
in
the
garden，whose
flowers
were
__various__，and
their
heights
__varied__
from
10
cm
to
15
cm.(vary)
3．While
learning
English，you
need
to
__refer__
to
some
__reference__
books.(reference)
4．The
__confusing__
online
word
made
the
old
man
__confused__
so
he
was
in
__confusion__.(confuse)
5．From
the
appearance，we
can
not
tell
the
__differences__
between
the
twins，though
they
always
have
some
__different__
ideas.
As
for
this
phenomenon，ideas
__differ__
among
many
people.(differ)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．有共同之处
__have...in
common__
2．有影响；使不相同
__make
a
difference__
3．四处走动(旅行)
__get
around__
4．与……相似
__be
similar
to__
5．做某事有困难
__have
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.__
6．lead
to
__引起；导致__
7．in
favour
of
__同意；支持__
8．refer
to...as...
__称……为……__
9．thanks
to
__幸亏；多亏__
10．pick
up
__学会；拾起；收听(广播)；接人__
选用上述短语填空
1．Helping
others
as
often
as
possible
will
__make
a
difference__
in
the
world.
2．Staring
at
the
computer
screen
for
a
long
time
will
__lead
to__
your
eye
pain.
3．Tom
likes
travelling
so
he
often
__gets
around__
all
over
the
world.
4．Though
China
and
America
have
a
lot
of
differences，they
also
__have__
something
__in
common__.
5．__Thanks
to__
the
teacher’s
help，I
have
made
rapid
progress.
6．Some
people
are
__in
favour
of
__building
a
swimming
pool
for
children，while
others
are
against
it.
1．“-ist”表“……家”词汇搜索
(1)linguist
n．语言学家
(2)scientist
n．科学家
(3)physicist
n．物理学家
(4)artist
n．艺术家
(5)pianist
n．钢琴家
(6)violinist
n．小提琴家
2．“后缀-ify”动词小结
(1)simplify
简化
(2)identify
确定；识别
(3)beautify
美化
(4)purify
净化
(5)terrify
使害怕
3．“航天”家族
(1)satellite
n．卫星
(2)capsule
n．太空舱
(3)rocket
n．火箭
(4)shuttle
n．航天飞机
(5)astronaut
n．航天员
4．“in＋n.＋of”短语聚焦
(1)in
favour
of支持；赞成
(2)in
honour
of为了纪念
(3)in
memory
of为了纪念
(4)in
charge
of掌管
(5)in
need
of需要
(6)in
search
of搜寻
(7)in
possession
of拥有
5．“做某事有困难”一览
(1)have
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.
(2)have
trouble
(in)
doing
sth.
(3)have
problems
(in)
doing
sth.
(4)have
a
hard
time
(in)
doing
sth.
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．Americans
use
a
flashlight，while
for
the
British，it’s
a
torch.
美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。
[精析] while此处表示转折对比，意为“而；然而”。
2．A
Londoner
has
more
difficulty
understanding
a
Scotsman
from
Glasgow
than
understanding
a
New
Yorker.
伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。
[精析] have
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.“做某事有困难”。
3．However，if
you
turn
on
CNN，the
American
TV
network，you
will
find
newsreaders
and
weather
forecasters
all
speaking
with
different
accents.
然而，如果你打开美国电视网络节目CNN，你会发现新闻播报员和天气预报员操着不同的口音。
[精析] “find＋宾语＋宾补”，意为“发现……处于某种状态”。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．这首诗对中学生来说很容易，而对于小学生来说就很难理解。
The
poem
is
easy
for
a
middle
school
student__while
it
is
difficult
for
a
pupil
to
understand__.
2．其一，在英语口语方面我已经很流利，我与他们交流没有问题。
For
one
thing，I
have
developed
fluency
in
spoken
English.
I__have
no
difficulty
communicating__
with
them.
3．一到大门口，这位著名的演员发现他被很多记者包围住了。
Arriving
at
the
gate，the
famous
actor
__found
himself
surrounded
by
a
number
of
journalists__.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
复习动词时态(一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，将来时)
1．Hurry
up！Mark
and
Carol
__are
expecting__(expect)
us.
[解析] 句意：快点儿！马克和卡罗尔正在等我们呢。根据“Hurry
up！”可知，此处描述正在发生或存在的动作或状态，所以用现在进行时。
2．—Have
you
heard
about
the
recent
election?
—Sure，it
__has
been__(be)
the
only
thing
on
the
news
for
the
last
three
days.
[解析] 句意：——你听说过近期的选举吗？——当然了，它是近三天来新闻中唯一的事情了。由下句中的“for
the
last
three
days”知，该句用现在完成时。
3．Around
two
o’clock
every
night，Sue
will
start
talking
in
her
dream.It
somewhat
__bothers__(bother)
us.
[解析] 句意：每晚上两点左右，Sue就说梦话。这使我们有点烦心。由every
night可知，这是一个经常性的情况，故用一般现在时形式。
4．—Do
you
think
Mom
and
Dad
__will
be__
(be)
late?
—No.Swiss
Air
is
usually
on
time.
[解析] 句意：——你认为爸爸和妈妈会晚到吗？——不会的，瑞士航空一向准时。本题考查动词的时态。根据句意可知，爸爸和妈妈的飞机还未到，因此空格处为一般将来时态。
5．During
the
last
three
decades，the
number
of
people
participating
in
physical
fitness
programs
__has
increased__(increase)
sharply.
[解析] 根据本句中的时间状语during
the
last
three
decades(在过去的三十年间)，可知要用现在完成时态。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．confusing
adj.令人迷惑的；难懂的
激活知识
用confuse的适当形式填空
①(2019·江苏高考)In
one
week
he
was
the
__confused__
(confuse)
owner
of
a
cone
five
hundred
feet
high.
②We’ve
got
two
people
called
Paul
James
working
here，so
it’s
a
bit
__confusing__!
③His
__confused__
expression
suggests
that
he
gets
confused
by
this
__confusing__
problem.
导图助记
注意：一般而言，以-ing结尾的形容词一般修饰事物，意为“令人……的”；以-ed结尾的形容词修饰人，意为“(人)感到……的”。但look/expression“表情”有时可用-ed结尾的形容词修饰，如a
confused
expression“迷惑的表情”。
能力提升
句式升级
He
was
confused
with
the
present
situation
so
he
didn’t
know
what
to
do
next.
→__Confused
with
the
present
situation__，he
didn’t
know
what
to
do
next.(过去分词短语作原因状语)
2．compare
v．比较；匹敌；比喻；相比
n．比较
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The
first
unique
human
characteristic
is
that
humans
have
extraordinarily
large
brains
__compared__
(compare)
with
other
animals.
②(2018·江苏高考)As
their
world
expanded，she
said，children
compared
themselves
__to/with__
others
online
in
a
way.
③__Comparing__(compare)
this
with
that，you
will
see
which
is
better.
归纳拓展
compare...with/to...把……和……相比较
compare...to...把……比作……
compared
with/to...和……相比(通常作状语)
compare
notes交换意见
beyond/without
compare无与伦比
图解助记
比较compare
能力提升
句式升级
If
you
compare
her
work
with
his
work，you’ll
find
hers
is
much
better.
①__Compared
to/with
his
work__，you’ll
find
her
work
is
much
better.(过去分词短语作状语)
②__Comparing
her
work
with
his
work__，you’ll
find
hers
is
much
better.(现在分词短语作状语)
③__Compare
her
work
with
his
work，and
you’ll
find
hers
is
much
better__.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
3．differ
vi.
不同；有区别；相异；意见不同
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·天津高考)
I
have
decided
that
two
qualities
make
the
__difference__
(differ)
between
men
of
great
achievement
and
men
of
average
performance
curiosity
and
discontent.
②
(2020·江苏高考)Multiple
genes
behaved
__differently__
(differ)，depending
on
whether
someone
had
eaten
or
not
before
walking.
③(2019·浙江高考)Even
though
there
is
a
common
spirit
among
all
music
groups，they
make
very
__different__
(differ)
music.
④(2019·江苏高考)Despite
their
many
__differences__
(differ)，all
human
beings
share
several
defining
characteristics.
⑤These
clothes
look
the
same
but
they
differ
greatly
__in__
materials.
⑥People
greatly
differ
__in__
their
views
of
life
__from__
each
other.
导图助记
注意：(1)difference一般为可数名词，单复数的使用视情况而定。但在make
a/no/some...difference短语中，difference常用单数形式。
(2)“对……有/无影响”后接介词to。
能力提升
一句多译
英式英语和美式英语在很多方面有着不同。
①British
English
is
__different
from__
American
English
in
many
ways.
②British
English
__differs
from__
American
English
in
many
ways.
③British
English
and
American
English
__differ__
in
many
ways.
④There
are
__differences
between__
British
English
__and__
American
English.
4．present
vt.
展示；提出(观点、计划等)；赠送；颁发 adj.出席的；在场的；现在的 n．礼物；赠品；现在
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)And
it
is
good
time
to
fill
the
new
space
with
love
and
hopeful
presents.
(__礼物__)
②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One
day
the
emperor
wanted
to
get
his
portrait
done
so
he
called
all
great
artists
to
come
and
present
their
finest
work.
(__展示__)
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)At
present，these
technologies
are
still
expensive，though.
(__现在__)
④(2018·北京高考)The
coming
technological
advancement
presents
a
chance
for
cities
and
states
to
develop
transportation
systems
designed
to
move
more
people，and
more
affordably.
(__送给__)
⑤Guest
speakers
will
also
present
prizes
to
the
students.
(__
颁发__)
⑥How
many
people
were
present
at
the
meeting？
(__出席的__)
归纳拓展
(1)present
n．礼物＝(gift)
(2)present
adj.现在的；目前的(作前置定语)；出席的；在场的(作后置定语)
be
present
at...出席
at
the
present
time＝at
present目前；现在
for
the
present目前；暂时
up
to
the
present直到现在
(3)present
vt.
present
sb.
with
sth.＝present
sth.to
sb.把某物赠送给某人
图解助记
能力提升
完成句子
All
the
people
__present
at__
yesterday’s
meeting
__were
presented
with__
a
__nice
present__.What
a
pity
that
you
were
__absent__
from
it！Besides，__your
presence
or
absence__
had
an
important
effect
on
us.
出席昨天会议的所有人都被赠送了精美礼物。你缺席了，多么遗憾啊！另外，你出席还是缺席对我们有重大影响。
5．attempt
n．努力；尝试；企图 vt.试图；企图
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·浙江高考)People
made
the
first
real
attempt
__to
control__
(control)
the
world
they
lived
in
through
agriculture.
②Jim
had
prepared
carefully
for
his
physics
test
so
that
he
could
be
sure
of
passing
it
__at__
the
first
attempt.
③The
man
is
being
questioned
about
the
__attempted__(attempt)murder
last
night.
归纳拓展
试图做某事
at
one’s
first
attempt某人第一次尝试
attempted
adj.未遂的
能力提升
句型转换
①The
boy
attempted
to
jump
over
the
fences.
＝The
boy
attempted
__at
jumping__
over
the
fences.
男孩企图跳过篱笆。
②He
attempted
at
passing
the
exam，but
he
failed
in
the
end.
＝He
__made
an
attempt__
at
passing
the
exam，but
he
failed
in
the
end.
他努力要通过考试，但是最终失败了。
常考短语
6．have...in
common有相同的特点
激活知识
语法填空
①Although
they
are
good
friends，they
have
little
__in__
common
with
each
other.
②In
common
__with__
other
classrooms，our
classroom
is
very
tidy.
归纳拓展
have
a
lot/much/a
great
deal
in
common
with与……有很多共同之处
have
nothing/little
in
common
with与……没有/很少有共同之处
in
common
with与……一样
common
sense常识
能力提升
完成句子
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)They
had
__nothing
in
common
with__
me.
他们与我毫无共同之处。
②__In
common
with__
most
boys，he
enjoys
playing
football.
和大多数男孩一样，他喜欢踢足球。
7．have
difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.做某事有困难
激活知识
语法填空
①(北京高考)She
had
more
difficulty
__keeping__(keep)focused.
②Such
a
person
has
great
__difficulty__(difficult)in
waking
up
in
the
mornings.
③Whenever
we
have
trouble
__with__
our
studies，our
teachers
help
us
patiently.
归纳拓展
“做某事(没)有困难”的其他表达方式：
have
(no)difficulty/trouble
with
sth.
have(no)
trouble/problems(in)
doing
sth.
There’s(no)
difficulty/trouble(in)
doing
sth./with
sth.
have
a
hard
time
(in)doing
sth.
注意：此短语在设题时经常将have
difficulty(in)
doing
sth.中的difficulty提前作先行词，因此定语从句中have后常为doing形式。
能力提升
句式升级
Almost
all
the
students
finished
the
writing
project
with
no
difficulty.
→Almost
all
the
students
__had
no
difficulty
in
finishing__
the
writing
project.
(用have
difficulty
in
doing结构)
8．lead
to引起；导致；通往
激活知识
语法填空
①
(2020·江苏高考)Their
lack
of
exercise
led
__to__
overweight.
②As
far
as
I
know，it
was
the
car
accident
due
to
drunk
driving
that
led
to
his
__being
killed__(kill)．
③I
want
to
know
what
led
you
__to
take__(take)up
acting
as
a
career.
归纳拓展
lead
sb.to＋n.带领某人去往……；使某人得出(观点)
lead
sb.to
do
sth.使得某人做某事
lead
a．..life过着……的生活
lead
the
way引路；带路
注意：lead
to
中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。
能力提升
用lead的短语完成片断
With
him
①__leading
the
way__(带路)，we
got
there
without
any
difficulty.
But
for
him，we
would
have
been
lost，which
would
②__lead
to__
serious
consequences.
His
action③__led
us
to
believe__
(使我们相信)
that
he
was
our
true
friend.
必备句型
9．By
the
1850s
it
was
selling
one
million
copies
a
year，making
it
one
of
the
most
popular
school
books
ever.
到19世纪50年代为止，该书以每年一百万册的速度销售，成为有史以来最受欢迎的学校用书之一。
激活知识
语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)An
avalanche
once
closed
the
path，__killing__
(kill)
63
people.
②(江苏高考)It
brings
several
advantages，__influencing__(influence)people
actively.
③Yesterday
a
street-beggar
bought
a
lottery
ticket，only
__to
make__(make)
him
a
millionaire
overnight.
归纳拓展
(1)动词的-ing形式作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果。
(2)常置于句尾，其前用逗号隔开。
易混辨析
动词的-ing形式
作结果状语表示正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的结果
不定式
作结果状语表示偶然的、出乎意料的结果，前面可加only
能力提升
完成句子
①The
fire
lasted
nearly
a
month，__leaving
nothing
valuable__.
大火持续了将近一个月，没留下什么值钱的东西。
②He
works
hard，__making
him
the
best
student__
in
the
class.
他努力学习，成了班里最好的学生。
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.
I
read
the
__announcement
__(announce)
of
the
summer
camp
that
you
have
posted
on
the
Internet
and
I
am
very
interested
in
it.
2．__Obviously__
(obvious)，without
the
help
of
the
whole
society，there
would
be
no
new
school
today.
3．We
should
put
aside
our
differences
and
discuss
the
things
we
have
__in__
common.
4．The
customers
made
a
number
of
rude
__remarks__(remark)
about
the
goods
on
sale.
5．The
__combination__
(combine)
of
blue
and
yellow
forms
green.
6.
Questioning
can
lead
to
__searching__
(search)
for
an
answer.
7．__Compared__
(compare)
with
the
escaped
driver，I
am
proud
of
what
I
did.
8．The
__confused__
(confuse)
look
on
Tom’s
face
suggested
that
he
didn’t
quite
understand
his
manager’s
idea.
9．Don’t
expect
to
pass
the
driving
test__at__
your
first
attempt.
After
all，you’ve
been
learning
to
drive
for
only
a
couple
of
days.
10．The
visiting
Minister
expressed
his
satisfaction
with
the
talks，__adding__
(add)
that
he
enjoyed
his
stay
here.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．If
you
are
still
confusing
about
the
topic，ask
your
teacher
for
help.
__confusing→confused__
2．In
my
opinion，your
problems
are
similar
with
his.
__with→to__
3．Everyone
in
this
city
knew
him，so
we
had
no
difficulty
find
his
house.
__find→finding__
4．It
makes
no
differences
to
me
whether
their
team
can
win
the
game
or
not.
__differences→difference__
5．I’d
like
to
study
law
at
university，when
my
cousin
prefers
geography.
__when→while__
6．The
expert
says
that
the
exports
are
steady
increasing
year
by
year.
__steady→steadily__
7．He
has
worn
glasses
for
his
childhood.
__for→since__
8．Senior
ministers
spoke
in
favour
the
proposal.
__favour后加of__
9．It
rained
heavily
in
the
south，caused
serious
flooding
in
several
provinces.
__caused→causing__
10．Comparing
with
the
former
candidate，the
latter
is
more
fluent
in
oral
English.
__Comparing→Compared__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
British
and
American
English
are
different
__1.in__
many
ways.The
first
and
most
obvious
way
is
in
the
vocabulary.There
are
hundreds
of
different
words
__2.which/that__
are
not
used
on
the
other
side
of
the
Atlantic.For
example，Americans
use
automobiles，freeways，gas，cabs
and
subways
__3.while__
the
British
use
cars，motorways，petrol，taxis
and
underground.Besides，sometimes
__4.the__
same
word
used
by
Americans
and
the
British
has
a
slightly
different
meaning，which
can
be
__5.confusing__(confuse)．
There
are
a
few
__6.differences__
(differ)
in
grammar，too.In
addition，the
two
varieties
differ
in
spelling
and
pronunciation.American
spelling
seems
__7.simpler__
(simple)：center，color
and
program
instead
of
centre，colour
and
programme.Many
factors
have
influenced
American
pronunciation
since
the
first
settlers
arrived
four
hundred
years
ago.But
a
Londoner
doesn’t
have
much
difficulty
__8.understanding__(understand)
a
New
Yorker.
The
two
varieties
are
moving
closer.For
more
than
a
century，communications
across
the
Atlantic
have
developed
__9.steadily__
(steady)，which
has
led
to
lots
of
American
words
and
structures
__10.passing__
(pass)
into
British
English.So，don’t
worry.Users
of
English
will
all
be
able
to
understand
each
other—wherever
they
are.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于英式英语和美式英语)
1．英式英语和美式英语有很多相似之处，比如：它们在书写上相似。
2．但是很明显它们在很多方面也存在差异。
3．美国人喜欢四处走动，这产生了很大的影响。
4．当美国人和英国人交谈时，他们有时候也会感到困惑，很难理解对方。
5．一般来说，我们在报纸上所看到的正式英语被称为标准英语。
提示：
黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用定语从句，that引导的主语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__British
English
and
American
English
have
much
in
common.
For
example，they
are
similar
to
each
other
in
writing.
But
it
is
obvious
that
they
differ
in
many
ways.Americans
like
to
get
around，which
has
made
a
great
difference
to
it.
So
when
Americans
talk
with
the
British，they
sometimes
get
confused
and
have
difficulty(in)
understanding
each
other.
Generally
speaking，
the
formal
English
that
we
often
see
in
newspapers
is
referred
to
as
Standard
English.__
PAGEModule
2 A
Job
Worth
Doing
(主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．intellectual
adj.
__脑力的；思维的；需用才智的__
2．encounter
n.
__相遇；邂逅__
3．profound
adj.
__(影响)深刻的；极大的__
4．leisure
n.
__休闲__
5．bend
n.
__弯道；弯曲处__
v.
__弯曲__
核心词汇识记
1．__available__
adj.可获得的
2．__offer__
vi.(主动)提出(愿意做某事)
3．__signal__
n．信号
4．__respect__
vt.遵守
5．__earn__
vt.挣(钱)
6．__demand__
n．要求；需要
7．__stress__n.压力；紧张→__stressful__adj.充满压力的；紧张的
8．__satisfying__adj.令人满意的→__satisfied__adj.感到满意的→__satisfy__vt.使满意；使满足→__satisfaction__n.满意；满足
9．__direct__vt.指挥→__direction__n.方向；指挥→__director__n.指导者；导演；指挥
10．__apply__vi.申请→__application__n.申请书→__applicant__n.申请人
11．__require__vt.需要→__requirement__n.需要
12．__suffer__vi.遭受(痛苦)→__suffering__n.痛苦
13．__personality__n.个性；性格→__personal__adj.个人的→__personally__adv.就个人而言→__person__n.人
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．To
my
__satisfaction__，this
job
is__satisfying__.I
am
__satisfied__
with
it.(satisfy)
2．If
you
want
to
__apply__
for
the
job，you
must
fill
in
the
__application__
form
first.Other
__applicants__
like
you
have
filled
in
it.(apply)
3．The
boss
__required__
his
workers
to
finish
the
project
ahead
of
time.His
__requirement__
was
thought
to
be
improper.(require)
4．The
people
in
the
two
countries
at
war
with
each
other
__suffer__
a
lot
and
their
__suffering__
is
beyond
description.(suffer)
5．With
the
guide
__directing__
us，we
set
off
in
the
__direction__
of
the
destination
__directly__.(direct)
6．After
a
__stressful__
week
of
work，all
the
employees
were
extremely
__stressed__
and
tired.
They
complained
that
few
could
work
efficiently
under
__stress__.(stress)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．尤其；特别地
__in
particular__
2．平均
__on
average__
3．理论上；从理论上来说
__in
theory__
4．实际上；在实践中
__in
practice__
5．站好位置以备……
__take
up__
6．pass
by
__经过__
7．take...for
granted
__以为……理所当然__
8．have
an
effect
on
__对……产生影响__
9．take
notice
of
__注意到__
10．in
response
to
__作为……的回应__
选用上述的短语填空
1．Don’t
__take__
it
__for
granted__
that
they
will
offer
you
help.
2．It
remains
to
be
seen
whether
the
new
medicine
will
__have
an
effect
on__
the
patient.
3．In
theory
your
plan
sounds
good
but
__in
practice__
it
is
hard
to
carry
out.
4．__In
response
to__
their
hospitality，we
wrote
a
thank-you
note.
5．__On
average__，there
are
800
tornadoes
in
the
US
each
year，causing
about
80
deaths
and
1,500
injuries.
6．It
is
a
good
plan
__in
theory__，but
it
remains
to
be
seen
whether
it
works
__in
practice__.
1．“后缀-ial”高频形容词扫描
(1)essential必不可少的
(2)financial财政的；金融的
(3)facial面部的
(4)official官方的；正式的
(5)beneficial有利的；有益的
2．“满意的”一览
(1)satisfying
adj.令人满意的
(2)satisfactory
adj.令人满意的
(3)satisfied
adj.满意的
(4)content
adj.满意的；满足的
(5)pleasing
adj.令人满意的
(6)pleased
adj.高兴的；满意的
3．“人员”集合
(1)worker
n．工人
(2)staff
n．全体职员；员工
(3)employee
n．雇员；雇工
(4)personnel
n．人事部门；职员
(5)clerk
n．职员；办事员
4．链接pass短语
(1)pass
by经过；路过
(2)pass
down把……传给后世
(3)pass
away去世
(4)pass...off
as...冒充
(5)pass
on
to传递给
5．“in＋n.＋to”短语
(1)in
response
to作为……的回应
(2)in
reply
to对……回复
(3)in
addition
to除……之外
(4)in
regard
to关于；对于
(5)in
contrast
to与……相比
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．Every
morning
he
climbs
up
to
the
bend
with
a
large
circular
board
in
his
hand.
每天早晨，他都拿着一个大圆板爬上弯道。
[精析] 本句采用了“with＋n.＋介词短语”的复合结构。
2．He
was
driving
a
lorry
load
of
bananas
when
he
came
off
the
road
at
a
bend
and
fell
three
hundred
metres
down
the
mountain.
他正驾驶着一辆满载香蕉的卡车，突然在一个拐弯处偏离车道坠落到山下300米处。
[精析] be
doing...
when...“正在……这时……”。
3．Life
is
hard
at
high
altitude，and
the
mountains
make
communications
difficult.
在高海拔地区的生活很艰苦，高山使得地区交通非常困难。
[精析] 本句中用了“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．那位年轻的女士进来了，怀里抱着两岁的孩子。
The
young
lady
came
in，__with
her
two-year-old
son
in
her
arms__.
2．小男孩正兴致勃勃地玩电脑游戏，突然妈妈进来。
The
boy
__was
playing__
computer
games
happily
__when__
his
mother
came
in.
3．众所周知，互联网确实使我们的生活变得容易和方便了。
What
is
well-known
is
that
the
Internet
definitely__makes
our
lives
easy
and
convenient__.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
动词时态(一般过去时，过去完成时，过去进行时)
语法填空
1．The
housekeeper
mentioned
that
the
dog__had
attacked__(attack)
her
daughter
more
than
once.
[解析] 句意：这位管家提到那条狗袭击过她女儿不止一次。由句意可知用过去完成时。
2．—Did
you
enjoy
meeting
your
old
schoolmates
at
the
party
last
week?
—Yes，I
did.
We
__hadn’t
seen__(not
see)
each
other
since
we
graduated
from
college.
[解析] 句意：——上周你在聚会上见到老同学玩得开心吗？——是的，开心。自大学毕业后我们就没有见过面了。答语中的since引导一个时间状语从句，同时结合句意可知，没有见面这一动作发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。
3．—Have
you
ever
been
to
Singapore?
—Yes，I
__went__(go)
there
three
times
in
2015
alone.
[解析] 句意：——你曾去过新加坡吗？——是的，单2015年我就去过三次。此处表示发生在2015年的事情，故用一般过去时。
4．—Isn’t
it
time
you
went
to
bed，Mike?
—I
__was
practicing__
painting
all
afternoon，so
I
have
to
finish
my
homework
now.
[解析] 考查动词时态。句意：——迈克，难道现在不是你应该睡觉的时候吗？——我整个下午一直都在练习画画，因此现在我得完成作业。根据I
have
to
finish
my
homework
now可知，paint这一动作已经停止并且根据all
afternoon可知，应用过去进行时，表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作。
5．—What
about
your
self-drive
trip
yesterday?
—Tiring!
The
road
is
being
widened，and
we
__had__(have)
a
rough
ride.
[解析] 考查时态。句意：——你昨天的自驾游怎么样？——令人烦恼，道路正在被拓宽，我们颠簸地驾车。我们驾车是昨天的事，所以用一般过去时。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．offer
vi.(主动)提出(做某事)；提议；给予；提供
n．出价；建议
激活知识
语法填空
①
(2020·天津高考)We
offered
__to
give__
(give)
Sharon
a
ride
home，but
she
declined，saying
that
she
felt
like
walking.
②(2019·北京高考)On
the
outing，she
__was
offered__
(offer)
a
candy
bar.
③A
good
listener
takes
part
in
the
conversation，__offering__(offer)ideas
and
raising
questions
to
keep
the
talk
flowing.
④When
we
are
in
trouble，they
usually
make
__an__offer
of
help.
归纳拓展
(1)offer
sb.
sth.
＝offer
sth.
to
sb.
提供某物给某人
offer
to
do
sth.
主动提出做某事
offer
sb.
money
for
sth.
出价买某物
(2)make
an
offer
提议；出价；提供
accept
one’s
offer
接受某人的建议
易错辨析
offer
提供。侧重主动给予，还可意为：提出(建议等)。可接双宾语，但一般不接v.-ing形式作宾语。常用搭配为：offer
sb.sth.
(＝offer
sth.
to
sb.)
provide
指事先准备好必需品来供应。常用搭配为：provide
sb.with
sth.
(＝provide
sth.
for
sb.)
supply
指补给不足的人员或设备。常用搭配为：supply
sb.with
sth.(＝supply
sth.
to
sb.)
能力提升
一句多译
我记得在我们有难时他主动帮助我们。
①I
remember
him
__offering
to
help
us__
when
we
ever
got
into
trouble.
②I
remember
his
__offer
of
help
to
us__
when
we
ever
got
into
trouble.
2．direct
vt.
指挥；导演；指引；命令
adj.直接的；径直的
adv.直接地
激活知识
语法填空
①
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
Here’s
a
handful
of
ways
that
will
set
you
in
the
right
__direction__
(direct)．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)This
is
quite
important，because
it
is
__directly__
(direct)
related
to
your
commitment.
③(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This
production
of
Shakespeare’s
Richard
Ⅲ
will
__be
directed__
(direct)
by
the
National’s
Associate
Director，Wang
Xiaoying.
④We
were
directed
__to
hand__(hand)
over
our
passports.
归纳拓展
(1)
(2)
(3)directly
adv.
直接地。也可作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
能力提升
完成句子
①The
general
__directed__
that
the
prisoners
should
__be
set__
free.
将军命令释放犯人。
②Frightened
by
the
sound
of
footsteps，the
rabbits
ran
off
__in
all
directions__.
由于受到脚步声的惊吓，这些兔子朝四面八方跑去。
3．apply
v．申请；适用；应用于
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)You
could
apply
__to
be__
(be)
a
Stewardship
Youth
Ranger
and
work
on
local
natural
resource
management
projects
for
eight
weeks
this
summer.
②I’m
writing
to
apply
__for__
the
position
as
a
student
volunteer.
③Now
researchers
are
applying
scientific
methods
__to__
the
study
of
the
universality
of
art.
④We
received
hundreds
of
job
__applications__(apply)．
归纳拓展
(1)apply
(to
sb.)
for
sth.(向某人)申请
apply
to
适合
apply
sth.
to把……运用于……
apply
to
do
sth.
申请去做某事
apply
oneself
to
致力于；集中精力于
(2)application
n.
请求；申请；申请表；应用
applicant
n.
申请人
(3)applied
adj.
应用的；实用的
能力提升
句式升级
If
you
really
apply
yourself
to
your
study，you
will
pass
the
2020
College
Entrance
Examination.
→__Applying
yourself
to
your
study__，you
will
pass
the
2020
College
Entrance
Examination.(现在分词作状语)
4．require
vt.
需要；要求；命令
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·浙江高考)Challenging
work
that
__requires__
(require)
lots
of
analytical
thinking，planning
and
other
managerial
skills
might
help
your
brain
stay
sharp
as
you
age.
②(2019·浙江高考)The
challenge
is
all
the
more
serious
when
you
consider
the
demanding
exercise
__required__
(require)
to
bike
from
France
to
Poland.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Some
positions
require
students
__to
be__
(be)
15
to
24
or
up
to
29
for
persons
with
a
disability.
④(2017·浙江高考)Other
European
countries
laid
down
a
similar
__requirement__
(require)
for
immigrants，and
some
terms
are
even
tougher.
⑤All
the
problems
put
forward
at
the
meeting
require
__solving/to
be
solved__(solve)in
one
month.
归纳拓展
(1)require
sb.
to
do
sth.
需要某人做某事
require
that
sb.
(should)
do
sth.
要求某人做某事
require
doing/to
be
done
需要被做
(2)requirement
n．要求；需要
meet/satisfy
one’s
requirement
满足某人的需要
The
teacher
required
that
all
the
students
(should)
hand
in
their
homework
before
5
pm.
老师要求全体同学于下午5点前上交作业。
注意：(1)require后接that从句时，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
(2)require作“需要”讲时，后跟v.-ing主动形式表示被动含义。类似的词还有need，want，deserve，be
worth等。
能力提升
完成句子
①All
passengers
__are
required
to
show__
their
tickets.
所有乘客都必须出示车票。
②This
wall
__requires
repairing__.
＝This
wall
__requires
to
be
repaired__.
这墙需要修理了。
5．demand
n．需求；需要 vt.要求；请求
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·浙江高考)Those
who
had
held
mentally
stimulating，__demanding__
(demand)
jobs
before
retirement
tended
to
do
the
best
on
the
tests.
②Since
waiters
are
still
__in__
demand，I
want
to
apply
for
the
position.
③The
teacher
demanded
__to
be
given__(give)my
parents’
telephone
number.
归纳拓展
(1)in
(great)
demand
需要(量很大)
meet/satisfy
the
demand
满足需要；符合要求
on
demand
一经要求
(2)demand
sth.
of/from
sb.向某人要求某事物
demand
to
do
sth.要求去做某事
demand
that
sb./sth.
(should)
do
sth.
要求某人/某事物……
注意：“要求某人做某事”不能用demand
sb.to
do
sth.表达，但可以用demand
of
sb.to
do
sth.
能力提升
完成句子
①He
__demanded
to
be
told__
everything.
他要求把一切都告诉他。
②I
__demand__
that
John
__(should)go__
there
at
once.
我要求约翰立即到那里去。
6．suffer
vt.&
vi.
遭受痛苦
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·江苏高考)Later，he
worked
in
Africa，where
many
people
suffered
__from__
blindness
for
lack
of
proper
treatment.
②(2019·江苏高考)The
65-year-old
Steve
Goodwin
was
found
__suffering__
(suffer)
from
early
Alzheimer’s.
单句改错
③They
suffered
from
huge
losses
in
the
financial
crisis.
(__去掉from__)
归纳拓展
(1)suffer
damage/loss
遭受损坏/损失
suffer
from
因……而遭受痛苦；患……病
(2)suffering
n.
受苦；苦难
易混辨析
suffer
指遭受一般的损害、痛苦等，其宾语一般是loss，pain，insult，punishment，defeat，disappointment，discouragement，wrong等
suffer
from
指遭受长期的或习惯性的痛苦或困难。其宾语一般是表示疾病的名词(或者劳累/记忆力减退等)，表示“患……病；受……苦痛”；也可接表示自然灾害的词语
能力提升
句式升级
①医生向我们解释了我们患感冒时为什么咳嗽。
The
doctor
explained
to
us
why
we
coughed
__when
we
suffered
from
a
cold__.
②他补充说如果它很严重，患者会遭很多罪。
He
added
that
__the
sufferer
would
suffer
a
lot__
if
it
was
serious.
③用现在分词作状语合并①②句。
__The
doctor
explained
to
us
why
we
coughed
when
we
suffered
from
a
cold，adding
that
the
sufferer
would
suffer
a
lot
if
it
was
serious.__
常考短语
7．take
up站好位置以备……；占据；拿起；从事；继续
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①My
wife
took
up
her
place
and
was
ready
to
remove
the
table
that
took
up
a
lot
of
space.
(__占好位置；占据__)
②Ann
took
up
the
microphone
and
began
to
take
up
the
story
that
Mary
left
off.
(__拿起；继续__)
③The
job
he
took
up
in
his
twenties
has
a
profound
effect
on
him.
(__从事__)
归纳拓展
take
in
接纳；吸收；欺骗
take
off
脱掉；(飞机)起飞；成名
take
out
拿出
take
on
呈现；雇用；承担
take
over
接管
take
down
拆毁；记下
take
away
带走；夺去
能力提升
介副词填空
①(陕西高考)Peter
will
take
__up__his
post
as
the
head
of
the
travel
agency
at
the
end
of
next
month.
②He
knew
the
files
could
be
of
great
help
to
whoever
took
__over__
the
job.
③Shortly
after
suffering
from
a
massive
earthquake
and
being
reduced
to
ruins，the
city
takes
__on__
a
new
look.
④Do
you
have
any
idea
about
how
much
nutrition
you
are
taking
__in__
while
eating
green
grapes?
8．take...
for
granted
以为……是理所当然的
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·江苏高考)Human
beings
took
__it__
for
granted
that
their
brains
held
all
the
solutions，but
maybe
their
hearts
can
be
a
better
guide.
②His
sister
comes
to
see
him
every
week
and
he
takes
her
__for__granted.
归纳拓展
(1)take
it
for
granted
that...
以为……是理所当然的
take
sb.for
granted
视某人(的存在或帮助)为理所当然
take
sth.
for
granted
视某事为理所当然
注意：take...for
granted接that从句作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，即take
it
for
granted
that...。
(2)take...seriously认真对待……
take...into
account/consideration把……考虑在内
take
it
easy轻松点
能力提升
完成句子
I
__take
it
for
granted
that__
you
will
be
coming
to
the
meeting.
我认为你当然会来参加会议。
9．in
response
to作为……的回应；回答
激活知识
翻译句子
①(浙江高考)These
comments
came
in
response
to
specific
questions
often
asked
by
local
newsmen.
译：__这些评论是对当地新闻记者时常提出的各种具体问题的回应。__
完成句子
②__In
response
to__the
audience’s
great
demand，the
play
will
be
put
on
in
the
theatre
twice
a
week.
应观众的强烈要求，这部戏将会在这个剧院每周上演两次。
归纳拓展
(1)make
no/some
response
to
没有/有些反应
(2)respond
v.
反应；回答
respond
to
对……回答；对……做出反应；对……负责任
respond
that...
回应……；回答说……
注意：(1)in
response
to与respond
to中的to都为介词，后接名词或v.-ing形式。
(2)respond后接从句时，to要省略。有类似用法的还有：agree
to，reply
to等。
能力提升
介词填空
①(2019·天津高考)This
one
stranger
responded
beautifully
__to__
my
small
crisis.
②__In__
response
to
the
plan，we
change
our
work
schedule
and
habit.
必备句型
10．He
was
driving
a
lorry
load
of
bananas
when
he
came
off
the
road
at
a
bend
and
fell
three
hundred
metres
down
the
mountain.
他正驾驶着一辆满载香蕉的卡车，突然在一个拐弯处偏离车道坠落到山下300米处。
激活知识
句式仿写
①She
__was
watching
TV
when__
the
doorbell
rang.
她正在看电视这时门铃响了。
②We
__were
about
to
telephone
you
when__
your
telegram
arrived.
我们正准备给你打电话，这时你的电报来了。
③I
__had
just
gone
to
bed__
after
a
very
hard
day
__when__
the
phone
rang.
在劳累了一天之后，我刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
归纳拓展
课文中为be
doing...when...“正在……这时(突然)……”结构，其中when为并列连词，意为“就在那时”，相当于and
at
that
time。
联想拓展
be
about
to
do
sth...when...
正在做……这时……
be
on
the
point
of
doing...when...
正要做……这时……
had
(just)
done...when...
刚做完……这时……
能力提升
句型转换
We
were
going
to
set
off
when
it
suddenly
began
to
rain.
→We
__were
about
to__
set
off
when
it
suddenly
began
to
rain.
→We
__were
on
the
point
of__
setting
off
when
it
suddenly
began
to
rain.
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Attracted
by
a
position
in
the
company，I
have
already
written
my
__application__
(apply)
letter
and
resume.
2．She
finds
her
new
jobs
very
__stressful__
(stress)
but
she
will
never
give
it
up.
3．A
good
listener
takes
part
in
the
conversation，__offering__
(offer)
ideas
and
raising
questions
to
keep
the
talk
flowing.
4．Tom
doesn’t
know
what
to
take
__up__
at
the
university，he
can’t
make
up
his
mind
about
his
future.
5．Many
people
have
volunteered
__to
protect__
(protect)
the
endangered
animals.
6．It
__is
required__
(require)
in
the
school
regulations
that
students
not
wear
long
hair
or
jewels.
7．The
boy’s
parents
were
glad
to
see
his
__satisfying__
(satisfy)
result
of
the
final
exam.
8．I’m
writing
__in__
response
to
your
advertisement
for
a
temporary
position
as
a
teacher.
9．The
two
young
people
were
walking
on
the
street
__when__
they
saw
a
black
plastic
bag
lying
in
front
of
them.
10．__Having
suffered__
(suffer)
such
heavy
pollution
already，it
may
now
be
too
late
to
clean
up
the
river.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The
boss
demanded
that
Mary
finished
it
within
a
week.
__finished→finish__
2．With
time
goes
by，everything
has
changed.
__goes→going或With→As__
3．You
could
suffer
bad
health
if
you
keep
smoking.
__suffer后面加from__
4．A
study
suggests
that
having
a
pet
dog
not
only
raises
your
spirits
but
may
also
have
effect
on
your
eating
habits.
__effect前面加an__
5．Her
smile
shows
she
is
satisfying
with
my
answer.
__satisfying→satisfied__
6．Offering
a
chance
to
take
part
in
the
2016
Rio
Olympics，Sun
Yang，a
famous
Chinese
swimmer，got
a
gold
medal
at
it.
__Offering→Offered__
7．When
asked
about
his
little
goal
in
a
talk
show，Wang
Jianlin
said
it
was
to
earn
100
million
yuan，that
immediately
caused
a
heated
discussion.
__that→which__
8．The
students
loved
the
teacher
teaching
math
problems
used
both
speeches
and
gestures.
__used→using__
9．I
was
getting
off，cake
in
hand，while
a
beggar
came
over
and
then
I
gave
it
to
him.
__while→when__
10．We
have
come
to
take
for
granted
that
we
can’t
live
without
cell
phones.
__take后面加it__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
La
Paz
is
the
highest
capital
in
the
world.Life
is
hard
at
high
altitude，and
the
mountains
make
communications
difficult.One
road
in
particular，which
goes
north
from
La
Paz，__1.is
considered__(consider)
the
most
dangerous
road
in
the
world.__2.Although/Though__
there
is
not
a
lot
of
traffic，on
average，one
vehicle
comes
off
the
road
every
two
weeks.
But
thanks
__3.to__
Timoteo
Apaza，a
gentle
46-year-old
man
who
__4.lives__(live)
in
a
village
near
the
most
dangerous
part
of
the
road，the
death
toll
has
fallen.Timoteo
has
__5.an__
unusual
job—he
is
a
human
traffic
signal.Every
morning
he
climbs
up
to
the
bend
__6.with__
a
large
circular
board
in
his
hand.He
stands
on
the
bend
and
directs
the
traffic.When
two
vehicles
approach
from
opposite
directions
they
can’t
see
each
other，but
they
can
see
Timoteo.Timoteo
volunteers
__7.to
do__(do)
the
job.Sometimes
drivers
give
him
a
tip，so
that
he
has
just
enough
money
to
live
on.But
often
they
just
pass
by，__8.taking__(take)
the
human
traffic
signal
for
granted.
So
why
does
he
do
it？After
surviving
in
an
accident
and
helping
save
others，he
realized
that
he
was
__9.lucky__(luck)
to
be
alive
himself，and
felt
that
__10.it__
was
his
mission
in
life
to
help
others.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于志愿者)
1．现在我们的社会需要很多志愿者。
2．我申请当一名志愿者。
3．我能为处于困境中的人们提供帮助。
4．我曾被别人帮助过，我很感激他们的帮助。
5．他们对我产生了深刻的影响，所以我要从事这项工作作为对他们善意的回报。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用because引导的原因状语从句，who引导的定语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__Nowadays
our
society
needs
a
lot
of
volunteers.I
apply
for
the
position
of
a
volunteer
because
I
can
offer
my
help
to
those
who
are
in
trouble.Once
I
was
helped
by
others
and
I
am
grateful
to
them
for
their
help.They
have
had
a
profound
effect
on
me，so
I’ll
take
up
the
post
in
return
for
their
kindness.__
PAGEModule
3 Adventure
in
Literature
and
the
Cinema
(主题语境：人与社会——文学、艺术与体育)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．fantasy
n．
__幻想；想象__
2．pour
vi.
__(雨)倾盆而下__
3．fiction
n.
__虚构或幻想出来的事__
4．shallow
adj.
__浅的__
5．adolescent
n.
__青少年__
核心词汇识记
1．__account__
n．叙述；描写；报道
2．__companion__
n．同伴；伙伴
3．__panic__
vt.(使)恐慌；(使)惊慌失措
4．__disturb__
vt.打扰
5．__warn__
vt.警告
6．__resemble__
vt.与……相似
7．__force__
vt.强迫；迫使
8．__establish__
vt.确立；确定；建立
9．__reputation__
n．名誉；名望；声望
10．__solve__vt.解决→__solution__n.解决办法
11．__lie__vi.说谎；撒谎→(易混词)__lay__vt.放置；下蛋
12．__curious__adj.好奇的→__curiosity__n.好奇心
13．__fright__n.恐惧；害怕→__frighten__vt.使……害怕/恐惧→__frightening__adj.令人害怕的→__frightened__adj.感到害怕的
14．__terrified__adj.非常害怕的；极度恐慌的→__terrify__vt.使惊恐→__terrifying__adj.令人害怕的
15．__create__vt.塑造；创作→__creation__n.创造；艺术作品→__creative__adj.有创造性的
16．__determined__adj.坚决的→__determine__vt.决定→__determination__n.决心
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Hearing
the
gunshot，I
__panicked__
and
went
into
the
room
in
__panic__.(panic)
2．The
boy
often
tells
__lies__.
Don’t
believe
him
because
he
is
__lying__
at
this
time.
(lie)
3．When
I
watch
a
__frightening__
film，I
often
feel
__frightened__
and
lie
in
bed
shaking
with
__fright__.(fright)
4．Burners
Lee
is
a
__creative__
man，who
has
__created__
WWW.
His
__creation__
is
of
great
use
for
us.
(create)
5．I’m
__determined__
to
succeed
and
I
know
__determination__
plays
an
important
role
in
success.
(determine)
6．Children
are
always
__curious__
about
everything
they
see
and
hear.
They
will
ask
all
kinds
of
questions
__curiously__.To
meet
their
__curiosity__，we’d
better
answer
them.(curious)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．(秘密地)逃跑
__run
away__
2．编造(说法、解释等)
__make
up__
3．有意(做某事)；有(做某事的)心情
__be/feel
in
the
mood(for
sth./to
do
sth.)__
4．与……有联系/有关联
__have
connection
with__
5．过着……的生活
__lead/live
a．..life__
6．set
(a
play，novel，etc.)
in
__设置(戏剧、小说等的)背景__
7．to
one’s
astonishment
__使某人大吃一惊__
8．play
a
trick
on
sb.
__捉弄某人；对某人恶作剧__
9．make
one’s
fortune
__发财__
10．set
off
__出发；启程__
选用上述短语填空
1．Nowadays，many
farmers
go
to
the
city
to
__make
their
fortune__.
2．On
April
Fool’s
Day，many
people
like
to
__play
a
trick
on__
others.
3．The
student
is
thinking
how
to
__make
up__
an
excuse
for
his
being
late.
4．This
film
is
__set
in__
Beijing
in
the
1930s.
5．We
are
__setting
off__
early
tomorrow
so
we
have
packed
our
luggage.
6．Some
people
think
that
global
warming
__has
connection
with
__human
activities.
1．“雨”词汇串联
(1)pour
vi.(雨)倾盆而下
(2)rainfall
n．降雨量
(3)storm
n．暴风雨
(4)thunderstorm
n．雷雨；雷暴
(5)acid
rain
n．酸雨
2．“惊恐”一览
(1)frighten
vt.使害怕
(2)terrify
vt.使惊恐
(3)panic
vt.使恐慌
(4)scare
vt.惊吓
(5)shock
vt.使震惊
3．“发明创造”大全
(1)invent
vt.发明
(2)create
vt.创造
(3)make
vt.制造
(4)manufacture
vt.生产；制造
(5)design
vt.设计
4．“to
one’s＋n.”短语集结
(1)to
one’s
surprise/astonishment令某人惊讶的是
(2)to
one’s
relief令某人欣慰的是
(3)to
one’s
disappointment令某人失望的是
(4)to
one’s
regret令某人遗憾的是
(5)to
one’s
satisfaction令某人满意的是
5．“同源宾语”构成的短语荟萃
(1)live
a．..life过着……的生活
(2)die
a．..death……地死去
(3)dream
a．..dream做了一个……的梦
(4)laugh
a．..laugh
……地笑
(5)breathe
a．..breath
……地呼吸
6．“捉弄、取笑”短语一览
(1)play
a
trick/tricks
on捉弄；取笑
(2)play
a
joke/jokes
on捉弄；取笑
(3)make
fun
of取笑
(4)laugh
at嘲笑
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．“It
looks
as
if
it’ll
go
under
soon，”
Jim
said，after
a
couple
of
minutes.
过了几分钟，吉姆说道：“它看起来好像很快就要下沉了”。
[精析] 句中look用作系动词，as
if引导表语从句。
2．He
left
school
early，and
as
an
adolescent，determined
to
make
his
fortune
in
South
America，set
off
from
his
home
in
Hannibal，Missouri，for
New
Orleans.
他很早就离开了学校，作为青少年，他决定到南美洲发财。他从位于密苏里州的家乡汉尼拔出发到新奥尔良。
[精析] 句中determined
to
make
his
fortune
in
South
America是形容词短语在句中作伴随状语。
3．He
arrived
in
New
Orleans
without
a
penny
in
his
pocket
only
to
find
that
there
were
no
boats
for
South
America.
他身无分文来到新奥尔良的时候，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。
[精析] only
to
find...作结果状语，表示一种想象不到、出乎意料的结果。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．他们看起来好像在找什么东西。
It
looks
as
if
__they’re
looking
for
something__.
2．那些游客们回到宾馆又累又困。
Those
travelers
returned
to
the
hotel，__tired
and
sleepy__.
3．昨天我去看他，结果了解到他两天前已经去了国外。
Yesterday
I
went
to
see
him，__only
to
learn__
that
he
had
gone
abroad
two
days
before.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
非谓语动词
1．__Having
eaten__(eat)
at
the
cafeteria
before，Tina
didn’t
want
to
eat
there
again.
[解析] 句意：蒂娜以前曾在这家自助餐厅吃过饭，她不想再去了。根据句意可知，此处非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，且主语Tina与谓语eat存在逻辑上的主动关系，故要用现在分词的完成式。
2．__Hearing__(hear)
how
others
react
to
the
book
you
have
just
read
creates
an
added
pleasure.
[解析] 分析句子结构可知，此处为主语，主句谓语动词为creates，其宾语为an
added
pleasure。how
others
react
to
the
book
you
have
just
read为hear的宾语从句，you
have
just
read为book的定语从句。根据句子结构可知此处用动名词形式作主语。
3．__Reminded__(remind)
not
to
drive
after
drinking，some
drivers
are
still
trying
their
luck，which
is
really
dangerous.
[解析] 句意：尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，但一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。由于remind和some
drivers是动宾关系，也就是说，司机是被提醒的，所以用过去分词表被动和完成。
4．He
told
us
whether
__to
have__(have)
a
picnic
was
still
under
discussion.
[解析] 考查“疑问词/连接词＋不定式”结构。句意：他告诉我们去不去野餐还在讨论中。该结构由疑问代词(what，who，whom，which)/疑问副词(when，where，why，how)/连接词(whether)后面接带to的不定式构成，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语等。本题中该结构作宾语从句的主语。
5．Group
activities
will
be
organized
after
class
__to
help__(help)
children
develop
team
spirit.
[解析] 本题考查的不定式作目的状语的用法。句意：为了帮助培养孩子的团队精神，课后将要组织很多的集体活动。本句中的不定式短语to
help
children
develop
team
spirit在句中作目的状语，表示组织很多集体活动的目的。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．account
n.
叙述；描写；报道；账单；账户 v.
说明；解释
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
Lighting
accounts
__for__
about
7%
of
the
total
electricity
consumed
in
the
US.
②(2019·天津高考)The
professor
warned
the
students
that
__on__
no
account
should
they
use
mobile
phones
in
his
class.
③Good
suggestions
are
worth
adopting
__on__
account
of
their
benefit
to
us
all.
__On__no
account
will
you
ignore
them.
归纳拓展
(1)give
an
account
of...
报告；叙述；说明
take...into
account＝take
account
of...
把……考虑在内；斟酌
(2)on
account
of
因为；由于
on
no
account
决不
(3)account
for
解释；说明；(数量上，比例上)占
注意：on
no
account意为“决不”，放在句首时常引起句子部分倒装。
能力提升
一句多译
当谈到发展我们的经济时，我们必须要考虑环保。
①__When
it
comes
to
developing
our
economy，we
must
consider
environmental
protection.__(consider)
②__When
it
comes
to
developing
our
economy，we
must
take
account
of
environmental
protection.__(take
account
of)
③__When
it
comes
to
developing
our
economy，we
must
take
environmental
protection
into
account.__(take...into
account)
2．lie
vi.说谎；撒谎；躺；位于 n．谎言
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The
beauty
of
rereading
lies
__in__
the
idea
that
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
mental
register.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)I
saw
there
were
two
instructors
on
board
and
a
man
__lying__(lie)
across
the
middle.
③(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This
included
digging
up
the
road，__laying__
(lay)
the
track
and
then
building
a
strong
roof
over
the
top.
④The
survivors
__lay__(lie)on
the
beach，exhausted
and
shocked.
⑤He
didn’t
finish
his
homework
last
night
so
he
told
__lies__(lie)．
归纳拓展
liar
n.
说谎者
a
black
lie
用心险恶的谎言
a
white
lie
没有恶意的谎言
throw
a
lie
in
sb.’s
face
当面斥责某人说谎
Lies
have
short/no
legs.
[谚]谎言总是站不住脚的。
注意：lie后面可以跟由介词in，to，on等构成的介词短语表示不同方位。lie
in表示“在……地域范围内”；lie
to表示“在……地域范围外的某一地方”；lie
on表示“毗连或邻近；在……河畔或海滨”。
图解助记
The
little
boy
lying
on
the
ground
lied
that
his
cock
laid
an
egg.
躺在地上的小男孩撒谎说他的公鸡下了一个蛋。
易混辨析
中文
原形
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
说明
放置；产卵
lay
laid
laid
laying
及物动词
躺；位于
lie
lay
lain
lying
不及物动词
说谎
lie
lied
lied
lying
不及物动词
能力提升
句式升级
①在给我做检查之前，医生让我躺下。
The
doctor
let
me
__lie
down__before
he
examined
me.
②当被问到怎么了时，我对他撒谎说我头疼。
When
I
was
asked
what
was
wrong，I
__lied/told
a
lie
to
him__that
I
had
a
headache.
③用before/when＋非谓语动词改写并用and合并句子①②。
__The
doctor
let
me
lie
down
before
examining
me
and
when
asked
what
was
wrong，I
lied/told
a
lie
to
him
that
I
had
a
headache.
__
3．warn
vt.警告；告诫；预告；提醒
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·北京高考)How
did
Moore
react
to
her
dad’s
__warning__
(warn)?
②He
warned
us
__of/about__
the
serious
situation
that
we
were
confronted
with.
③My
mother
warned
me
__against__
going
outside
on
a
heavily
rainy
day.
④Recent
studies
warn
people
not
__to
drink__(drink)
too
much
coffee.
归纳拓展
(1)warn
sb.
of/about
sth.
警告/提醒某人注意某物
warn
sb.
not
to
do
sth.
提醒某人不要做某事
warn
sb.
against
(doing)
sth.
提醒某人不要做某事
warn
sb.
that...
提醒某人……；事先通知某人……
(2)warning
n．提醒；警告
without
warning
没有预告地；突然地
能力提升
一句多译
老师警告我们不要把手机带进考场。
①The
teacher
__warned
us
not
to
carry__
mobile
phones
into
the
examination
room.
②The
teacher
__warned
us
against
carrying__mobile
phones
into
the
examination
room.
4．determined
adj.
坚决的；坚定的；果断的；确定的
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)
Write
a
poem
about
how
courage，__determination__
(determine)，and
strength
have
helped
you
face
challenges
in
your
life.
②(2019·天津高考)Driven
by
heaven-knows-what
motives，he
determines
__to
write__
(write)
a
book.
③(2017·江苏高考)__Determining__(determine)
where
we
are
in
relation
to
our
surroundings
remains
an
essential
skill
for
our
survival.
④__Determined__(determine)
to
get
a
ticket
for
the
concert，George
has
been
standing
in
a
queue
for
two
days.
归纳拓展
(1)be
determined
to
do
sth.
决心做某事
(2)determine
v．下决心；查明；裁决
determine
sb.
to
do
sth.
使某人下决心做某事
determine
to
do
sth.
决定做某事(动作)
determine
on
(doing)
sth.
决定(做)某事
determine
that...
决心/决定……
(3)determination
n．决心
注意：(1)determine
to
do
sth.
相当于decide
to
do
sth.
强调动作；be
determined
to
do
sth.强调状态。
(2)高考中常把determined
to
do作状语作为考查点，有类似用法的还有lost
in，caught
in，absorbed
in等。
能力提升
句型转换
①Because
he
was
determined
to
make
a
fortune，he
went
to
work
in
a
gold
mine.
→__Determined
to
make
a
fortune__，he
went
to
work
in
a
gold
mine.
②She
is
a
determined
young
woman.
→She
is
a
young
woman
__of/with
great
determination__.
常考短语
5．make
up编造(说法、解释等)；组成；和好
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①The
divorced
woman
made
up
an
excuse
to
her
parents
that
her
husband
went
abroad
on
business.
(__编造__)
②Why
don’t
you
two
forget
your
quarrel
and
make
up？
(__和好__)
③Women
make
up
40
percent
of
the
staff
in
our
school.
(__组成__)
归纳拓展
make
up
for
补偿；赔偿；弥补
make
up
one’s
mind
下决心
be
made
up
of
由……组成
make
sense有意义；讲得通
make
sense
of理解
make
room
for为……让地方
能力提升
句式升级
①老师要求我们编一个故事。
The
teacher
required
us
__to
make
up
a
story__.
②这个故事要有意义。
__This
story
should
make
sense.__
③用定语从句合并①②句。
__The
teacher
required
us
to
make
up
a
story
which
should
make
sense.__
6．set
off出发；启程；引起；引发爆炸
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①I
have
made
up
my
mind
to
set
off
early
to
avoid
the
traffic
jam.
(__出发__)
②The
attack
set
off
by
some
terrorists
is
a
great
danger
to
us
because
they
often
set
off
bombs
to
kill
people.
(__引起；引发爆炸__)
归纳拓展
be
set
in
以……为背景
set
about
doing
sth.
着手做某事
set
out
to
do
sth.
着手做某事
set
sth.
aside
把……搁在一边；省出；留出
set
up
建立；竖起；搭起
set
out
出发；摆放；陈述
能力提升
介副词填空
①Mr
White
sets
__aside__
one
hour
each
day
for
exercise.That’s
why
he
is
always
energetic.
②A
notice
was
set
__up__
in
order
to
remind
the
students
of
the
changed
lecture
time.
③He
set
__about__
helping
homeless
women
and
children
to
safe
places.
④A
great
many
boys
were
setting
__off__
fireworks
in
the
street
during
the
Spring
Festival.
⑤We
set
__out__
to
paint
the
whole
house
but
finished
only
the
front
part
that
day.
必备句型
7．“It
looks
as
if
it’ll
go
under
soon，”
Jim
said，after
a
couple
of
minutes.
过了几分钟，吉姆说道：“它看起来好像很快就要下沉了。”
激活知识
用所给词的适当形式填空
①She
loves
the
boy
as
if
he
__were__(be)
her
own
son.
她爱这个男孩就像他是自己的儿子一样。
②He
talks
about
Rome
as
if
he
__had
been__(be)
there
before.
他谈起罗马好像他曾经去过似的。
③He
behaves
as
if
he
__could
endure__(endure)
such
a
hard
life.
他表现得就好像他能够忍受如此艰难的生活。
归纳拓展
as
if既可引导表语从句也可引导方式状语从句。从句中可用陈述语气，也可以使用虚拟语气。当使用虚拟语气时，其形式为：
(1)表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式。
(2)表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had
done。
(3)表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might
do。
注意：如果as
if引导的从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句中又含有系动词be的变化形式时，从句中的主语和系动词可以省略。as
if后可直接加动词不定式、分词、名词或介词短语。
能力提升
语法填空
①Jack
wasn’t
saying
anything，but
the
teacher
smiled
at
him
as
if
he
__had
done__(do)something
very
clever.
②He
opened
his
mouth
as
if
__to
say__(say)something.
③The
woman
soldier
treated
the
baby
as
if
he
__were__(be)her
own
child.
8．He
arrived
in
New
Orleans
without
a
penny
in
his
pocket
only
to
find
that
there
were
no
boats
for
South
America.
他身无分文来到新奥尔良的时候，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。
激活知识
句式仿写
I
tore
the
box，__only
to
find__
that
some
of
the
parts
were
missing.
我撕开盒子，却发现有些零件不见了。
归纳拓展
(1)不定式作结果状语，通常放在主句后面，并且常表示出乎意料的结果，意为“结果却……；不料……”。
(2)动词-ing形式作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的、意料之中的结果。
能力提升
语法填空
①(2018·北京高考)After
hours
in
the
cold
and
wet，he
reached
inside
and
pulled
the
wallet
out
hoping
to
find
some
ID
so
he
could
contact
the
driver，only
__to
discover__(discover)
it
contained
￡400
in
notes，with
another
￡50
in
spare
change
beside
it.
②(北京高考)Newly-built
wooden
cottages
line
the
street，__turning__(turn)the
old
town
into
a
dreamland.
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．With
great
__determination__
(determine)，he
turned
out
successful
in
the
end.
2．It
lies
__in__
every
small
change
that
we
make
in
the
process
of
our
development.
3．They
help
us
understand
science
subjects
better
and
arouse
our
__curiosity__
(curious)
about
scientific
discoveries.
4．It’s
bad
manners
to
play
a
trick
__on__
the
disabled;
instead，we
should
care
about
them.
5．A
scientist，as
well
as
a
writer，must
be
__creative__
(create)
and
imaginative.
6．The
children
got
__panicked__
(panic)
when
they
realized
that
they
were
lost
in
the
forests.
7．I
can
see
you
are
__lying__
(lie)
to
me
from
your
expression.
8．How
do
you
account
__for__
making
so
many
mistakes
in
your
homework?
9．The
thief
was
brought
in，with
his
hands
__tied__
(tie)
behind
his
back.
10．I
remember
everything
as
if
it
__had
happened__
(happen)
yesterday.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．She
resembles
like
her
mother
in
character，but
not
in
appearance.
__去掉like__
2．It’s
not
a
good
idea
to
play
trick
on
our
teacher.
__trick→tricks或在其前加a__
3．The
storyteller
was
telling
us
a
story
in
a
vivid
way
as
if
he
experienced
it
himself.
__experienced前面加had__
4．She
lay
the
baby
gently
down
on
the
bed
a
moment
ago.
__lay→laid__
5．I
heard
the
students
read
English
when
I
passed
by
the
classroom.
__read→reading__
6．I
still
find
it
terrified
to
find
myself
surrounded
by
large
numbers
of
horses.
__terrified→terrifying__
7．His
parents
died
in
the
earthquake，left
him
an
orphan.
__left→leaving__
8．The
protests
became
more
violent
and
many
people
were
panicked
to
leaving
the
country.
__to→into__
9．Determining
never
to
come
back
before
he
could
make
a
big
fortune，he
left
home
without
saying
a
word.
__Determining→Determined__
10．To
our
astonished，she
won
the
first
prize
in
the
speech
contest.
__astonished→astonishment__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jim
and
I
let
the
raft
we
stayed
on
sail
down
the
river
and
suddenly
we
saw
a
steamboat
in
the
middle
of
the
river，__1.which__
was
half
in
and
half
out
of
the
water.Jim
told
me
__2.it__
looked
as
if
it
would
go
under
soon.I
suggested
__3.going__(go)
to
take
a
look
but
Jim
refused
to
board
a
sinking
ship.At
last，after
my
persuasion，he
agreed.We
climbed
on
to
the
boat，__4.keeping__(keep)
as
quiet
as
mice.To
our
__5.astonishment__(astonish)，there
was
a
light
in
one
of
the
cabins.We
heard
someone
threatening
__6.to
kill__(kill)
a
man.Jim
panicked
and
ran
to
the
raft
but
I，though
__7.frightened__(fright)，felt
curious.I
saw
two
men，one
of
whom
was
holding
__8.a__
gun，standing
over
a
man
lying
on
the
floor，tied
up
__9.with__
rope.They
wanted
to
kill
the
man.I
crawled
along
the
deck
and
found
Jim.I
persuaded
him
to
help
me
find
the
men’s
boat.We
climbed
__10.quietly__(quiet)
in
and
as
we
paddled
away
we
heard
the
two
men
shouting.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于个人经历)
1．昨天，我正要上去北京的车，这时两名警察阻止了我，这让我感到恐慌。
2．接着，他们因为打扰我而向我道了歉。
3．他们让我描述一下几天前我在酒吧里看到的事情。
4．他们警告我要如实描述，不要编造。
5．我说完后转身，结果却发现车已经离开了。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用which引导的非限制性定语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__Yesterday，I
was
about
to
get
on
the
bus
for
Beijing
when
two
policemen
stopped
me，which
made
me
panic.
Then
they
apologized
to
me
for
disturbing
me.
They
asked
me
to
give
an
account
of
what
I
had
seen
in
the
bar
the
other
day，warning
me
to
describe
it
as
it
was
and
not
to
make
up
anything.
When
I
turned
around
after
finishing，only
to
find
the
bus
had
left.__
PAGEModule
4 Carnival
(主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．elegant
adj.
__优美的；高雅的__
2．magic
n.
__魅力；魔力__
3．parade
n.
__(庆祝)游行__
4．abolish
vt.
__废除__
5．magnificent
adj.
__华丽的；富丽堂皇的__
核心词汇识记
1．__hide__
vt.掩藏；躲藏
2．__pretend__
vi.假装
3．__book__
vt.预订
4．__wander__
vi.漫步；闲逛
5．__mark__
vt.标志(着)
6．__trade__
n．贸易
7．__transport__
vt.运输；运送
8．__confusion__n.杂乱；混乱→__confuse__vt.混乱；使迷惑→__confused__adj.迷惑的；混乱的→__confusing__adj.令人迷惑的
9．__extend__vt.延长→__extension__n.延伸；扩大
10．__memory__n.记忆→__memorize__vt.记住；熟记→__memorial__n.纪念碑
11．__relaxing__adj.使人放松的→__relax__vt.使……放松→__relaxation__n.消遣；娱乐→__relaxed__adj.放松的
12．__import__vt.引进；进口→__export__vt.出口
13．__celebration__n.庆典；庆祝→__celebrate__vt.庆祝
14．__freedom__n.自由→__free__adj.自由的
vt.释放；使自由；解放
15．__origin__n.起源→__original__adj.原先的；最初的
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The
student
has
a
good
__memory__
so
he
can
__memorize__
50
words
in
10
minutes.(memory)
2．I
was
in
__confusion__
after
you
told
me
such
a
__confusing__
story.
I
really
felt
__confused__.(confuse)
3．They
are
__celebrating__
Dragon
Boat
Festival
and
many
people
are
joining
in
the
__celebration__.(celebrate)
4．Are
you
__free__
this
afternoon
to
talk
with
me
about
rights
and
__freedom__？(free)
5．The
new
government
plans
to
__extend__
the
original
road，the
__extension__
of
which
will
help
improve
the
trade.(extend)
6．I
play
the
piano
for
__relaxation__，which
makes
me
much
more
__relaxed__.In
addition，some
other
__relaxing__
activities
can
also
__relax__
me
after
a
day’s
study.(relax)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．完结
__come
to
an
end__
2．装扮；打扮
__dress
up__
3．由……组成；由……构成
__consist
of__
4．追溯到
__date
back
to/date
from__
5．放弃
__give
up__
6．on
end
__连续地__
7．in
secret
__秘密地__
8．by
force
__用暴力__
9．take
over
__接管；接手__
10．wash
down
__冲洗某物；冲下__
选用上述短语填空
1．The
rumor
that
the
world
would
__come
to
an
end__
in
2012
has
proved
to
be
wrong.
2．When
the
manager
retires，who
will
__take
over__
his
job?
3．The
medical
team
__consisting
of__
10
doctors
arrived
at
the
hospital.
4．Don’t
__give
up__
when
you
meet
difficulties
or
you
will
never
succeed.
5．As
it
turned
out
to
be
a
small
house
party，we
needn’t
have
__dressed
up
__so
formally.
6．It
is
said
that
coffee
has
a
history
__dating
back
to
__at
least
the
9th
century.
1．“运送”词汇大集合
(1)transport
vt.运输；运送
(2)convey
vt.传达；运送；输送
(3)deliver
vt.投递；递送
(4)ship
vt.(用船)运送
2．各种“预订”
(1)book
vt.预订
(2)order
vt.订购；命令
(3)reserve
vt.预订；预留
(4)reservation
n．预订；预留
3．“走”来“走”去
(1)wander
vi.漫步；闲逛
(2)walk
v．散步；步行
(3)crawl
v．爬行；匍匐前进
(4)march
v．行军；前进
(5)rush
v．冲；闯
4．“扩张、扩大”词汇扫描
(1)extend
v．延长
(2)expand
v．扩大；扩展
(3)enlarge
v．扩大
(4)broaden
v．扩大；加宽
5．“结束”短语小结
(1)come
to
an
end结束；完结
(2)put
an
end
to使结束
(3)bring...to
an
end使……结束
(4)end
up结束
6．take短语集锦
(1)take
over接管
(2)take
on呈现；雇用
(3)take
apart拆开；拆卸
(4)take
in吸收；欺骗
(5)take
up占据；开始做
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．Think
of
carnival，and
you
think
of
crowds，costumes，and
confusion.
想到狂欢节，你就会想到人群、各式各样的服装和热闹非凡的场面。
[精析] 此句式为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”。
2．As
time
passed，however，the
carnival
period
was
extended，so
that
it
began
just
after
Christmas.
渐渐地，庆祝狂欢节的时间长了，圣诞节一过狂欢节就开始了。
[精析] as引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”。
3．Their
use
was
limited
by
laws，the
first
of
which
dates
back
to
the
fourteenth
century.
它们(面具)的使用受到法律的限制，最早可追溯到14世纪。
[精析] 本句中包含“……＋of＋关系代词”引导的非限制定语从句。
4．...
there
was
an
immediate
need
for
people
to
work
on
them.
……急需人手干活。
[精析] There
is
no/a(n)．..
need
for
sb.
to
do
sth.(不)需要某人干某事。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．听从医生劝告，你不久就会好的。
Follow
the
advice
of
the
doctor，__and
you
will
be
well
very
soon__.
2．随着年龄的增长，他变得更有才智了。
__As
he
grew
older__，he
became
more
intelligent.
3．她写了两本小说，均已被拍成了电视连续剧。
She
has
written
two
novels，__both
of
which__
have
been
made
into
television
series.
4．没必要为此担心，因为政府正在尽一切努力提供更多的工作岗位。
__There
is
no
need
to
worry
about
it__
as
the
government
is
now
making
every
effort
to
provide
more
jobs.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
被动语态
语法填空
1．—What
do
you
think
of
store
shopping
in
the
future?
—Personally，I
think
it
will
exist
along
with
home
shopping
but
will
never__be
replaced__(replace)．
[解析] 考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：——你认为将来的商场购物会怎么样？——就个人而言，我认为它将与家庭购物并存，但是永远不会取代。it与replace之间是被动关系，再结合本句的时态will
exist可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。
2．Shakespeare’s
play
Hamlet__has
been
made__(make)
into
at
least
ten
different
films
over
the
past
years.
[解析] 句意：在过去的这些年里，莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍成了十部不同的电影。根据时间状语over
the
past
years可知，此处应用现在完成时。
3．Unless
strong
measures
__are
taken__(take)，the
smog
will
continue
to
damage
our
health.
[解析] 主句用一般将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。
4．With
the
development
of
science，more
new
technology
__is
being
introduced__(introduce)
to
the
field
of
IT.
[解析] 考查动词时态和语态。句意：随着科学的发展，更多的新技术正在被应用于IT领域。technology与动词introduce之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。根据当今实际可知，表示“动作一直进行”，故用现在进行时的被动语态。
5．With
more
than
200
million
views
worldwide，the
video
has
become
very
popular
since
it
__was
uploaded__(upload)．
[解析] 根据句意可知，upload与the
video之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．pretend
vi.
假装；假扮
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·天津高考)So
I
carried
around
a
book，and
each
night，just
to
be
like
her，I
would
pretend
__to
be
reading__
(read)．
②Many
people
pretend
__to
understand__(understand)
modern
art.
③There
are
some
students
pretending
__to
have
known__(know)
what
they
don’t
really
know，which
is
really
harmful
to
them.
归纳拓展
pretend＋
注意：pretend后接不定式时，注意不定式时态的变化。根据句意可用一般式、进行式或完成式。
能力提升
一句多译
我在街上见到她时，她装作不认识我，这确实使我很伤心。
①She
pretended
she
__didn’t
know
me__
when
we
met
in
the
street，__which
really
made
me
upset__.(定语从句)
②She
pretended
__not
to
know
me__
when
we
met
in
the
street，__and
it
really
made
me
upset__.(并列句)
2．hide
v.
掩藏；躲藏(hid，hidden)
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·天津高考)When
mom
said，“
The
C－A－N－D－Y
is
__hidden__
(hide)
on
the
top
shelf，”
I
knew
where
the
candy
was.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Mari
starts
changing
her
life
and
discovers
a
world
of
diverse
“night
people”
who
are
__hiding__
(hide)secrets.
导图助记
注意：
(1)be
hidden是一个系表结构，表示“状态”。
他藏在门后。
(2)与be
hidden相同用法的还有be
seated，be
dressed，be
determined，be
lost等，它们经常以过去分词形式出现。
能力提升
句式升级
Because
everyone’s
face
was
hidden
behind
the
mask，it’s
hard
to
tell
who
they
really
are.
→__With
everyone’s
face
hidden
behind
the
mask__，it’s
hard
to
tell
who
they
really
are.
(with复合结构)
3．mark
n.
分数；记号；标志；痕迹
vt.
标明；标志；打分数；批改
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2019·北京高考)That
might
mean
either
developing
a
uniform
way
to
mark
videos
and
images，showing
when
and
who
they
were
made
by.
(__标明__)
②I
have
twenty
essays
to
mark
tonight.
(__批改__)
③Who
made
these
dirty
marks
on
my
new
coat？
(__污点__)
④Prices
are
marked
on
the
goods.
(__标记__)
⑤She
got
80
marks
out
of
100
for
geography.
(__分数__)
⑥Politeness
is
a
mark
of
civilisation.
(__标志__)
归纳拓展
(1)give
sb.full
marks
给某人打满分
get
a
high/low
mark
得高/低分
make
a
mark
作记号
(2)mark...with...
用……作标记
mark...on...在……做记号
mark
papers
给试卷打分数
能力提升
语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Chinese
New
Year
is
a
celebration
__marking__
(mark)
the
end
of
the
winter
season
and
the
beginning
of
spring.
②(2019·北京高考)Earth
Day，__marked__(mark)on
22
April，is
an
annual
event
aiming
to
raise
public
awareness
about
environmental
protection.
③I
picked
up
a
copybook
yesterday
marked
__with__
name
and
class.
④That
program
designed
by
Mr.
Smith
was
well
received，__marking__(mark)a
turning
point
in
his
career.
4．trade
n.
贸易；商业；交易
vi.
交易；买卖；经商；对换
vt.
用……进行交换
激活知识
完成句子
①These
companies
__trade
mainly
in__
furs
and
animal
skins.
这些公司主要从事毛皮业贸易。
②He
was
a
carpenter
__by
trade__.
他的职业是木匠。
归纳拓展
(1)trade
name
商标；品牌名
trade
union
工会
(2)trade
with
与……做交易；做买卖
trade
in
做……生意；经营
trade
sth.
for
sth.
以……换取……
注意：trade作“买卖；交易；交易量；营业额”时为不可数名词；作“职业；工作”时为可数名词。
能力提升
单句改错
There
has
been
a
marked
increase
in
trades
between
East
and
West.
(__trades→trade__)
常考短语
5．come
to
an
end完结
激活知识
语法填空
①They
didn’t
know
how
to
put
__an__end
to
the
quarrel.
②Smell
the
flowers
before
you
go
to
sleep，and
you
may
just
end
__up__with
sweet
dreams.
③—Jim，can
you
work
this
Sunday?
—Why
me？I’ve
been
working
for
two
weeks
__on__end.
归纳拓展
(1)put/bring
an
end
to
sth.＝put/bring
sth.to
an
end结束
make
ends
meet使收支相抵；量入为出
in
the
end最后；终于
on
end连续地；竖直地
(2)end
up
doing
sth.以……结束(尤指意料之外的)
end
up
with以……结束/告终
注意：come
to
an
end是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态；put/bring
an
end
to
sth.是及物动词短语，可以用于被动语态。
能力提升
完成句子
会议结束后，我们要回到教室讨论怎样做到收支平衡。
After
the
meeting
__comes
to
an
end/is
brought
to
an
end__，we
will
return
to
the
classroom
and
have
a
discussion
about
how
to
__make
ends
meet__.
6．take
over
接管；接替
激活知识
翻译句子
①(2017·天津高考)The
idea
that
the
government
would
take
over
driverless
cars
and
treat
them
as
a
public
good
would
get
absolutely
nowhere
here.
译：__认为政府将接管无人驾驶汽车并视其为公共利益的想法在这里绝对行不通。__
②Technology
is
here
to
help
us，but
we
should
not
allow
it
to
take
over
our
lives.
译：__科学技术是来帮助我们的，但我们决不应该允许它控制我们的生活。__
归纳拓展
take
away拿走
take
back收回(话)；使回忆起
take
off脱下；起飞；开始走红
take
in欺骗；吸收
take
on呈现；雇用
take
out拿出
take
up开始从事；拿起；占据
能力提升
完成句子
①她患病时生意由她女儿代管。
When
she
fell
ill，__her
daughter
took
over
the
business__
from
her.
用take动词短语完成片段
②He
told
me
he
would
__take
on__
me
because
his
career
had
__taken
off__.Hearing
this，I
was
happy
to
__take
up__
my
job
in
his
company.However，I
found
I
was
__taken
in__
when
his
company
was
closed
two
weeks
later.
必备句型
7．Think
of
carnival，
and
you
think
of
crowds，costumes，and
confusion.
想到狂欢节，你就会想到人群、各式各样的服装和热闹非凡的场面。
激活知识
句型转换
Make
a
bit
more
effort，and
you
will
make
it
soon.
→__A
bit
more
effort__
and
you
will
make
it
soon.
→__If
you
make
a
bit
more
effort__，you
will
make
it
soon.
→__Making
a
bit
more
effort__，you
will
make
it
soon.
再努力一点，你很快就会成功的。
归纳拓展
课文原句结构为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”，祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句。本句相当于：If
you
think
of
carnival，you
think
of
crowds，costumes，and
confusion.and表示顺承关系，意为“那么，就”。
(1)祈使句＋or/or
else/otherwise＋陈述句。or，or
else，otherwise表示转折关系，意为“否则；要不然”。
(2)有时名词词组可用来代替祈使句，意义不变。名词词组中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等词。
(3)“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”的结构可以改写成“if条件从句＋主句”或“现在分词短语＋句子”。
能力提升
一句多译
再给他两个小时，他很快就会完成这项工作。
①__Give
him
two
more
hours，and
he
will
finish
the
work.__
②__Two
more
hours
and
he
will
finish
the
work.__
③__If
he
is
given
two
more
hours，he
will
finish
the
work.__
④__Given
two
more
hours，he
will
finish
the
work.__
8．There
was
an
immediate
need
for
people
to
work
on
them.
急需人手干活。
激活知识
语法填空
①There
is
a
great
need
for
us
__to
learn__(learn)a
foreign
language
well
in
the
modern
society.
②There
is
no
doubt
__that__China
has
made
great
progress
in
space
exploration.
③In
my
opinion，there
is
no
point__discussing__(discuss)this
issue.
归纳拓展
There
is
no
doubt
that...毫无疑问……
There
is
no
point
(in)
doing
sth.
做某事无意义
There
is
no
possibility
that...没有可能做某事
It
is
no
wonder
that...难怪……
能力提升
句式升级
①所有的同学都友好善良。
All
the
classmates
are
__friendly
and
kind__.
②你没有必要担心你和他们相处有困难。
__There
is
no
need
for
you
to
worry
about
the
difficulty__
you
will
have
getting
along
with
them.
③用①②句组成复合句。
__Since
all
the
classmates
are
friendly
and
kind，there
is
no
need
for
you
to
worry
about
the
difficulty
you
will
have
getting
along
with
them.__
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．After
__booking__
(book)
a
ticket
through
to
New
York，he
went
on
reading
his
book.
2．It
is
said
that
success
consists
__of__
three
important
factors:
talent，diligence
and
luck.
3．The
couple
walked
along
a
path
__extending__
(extend)
as
far
as
the
riverside.
4．I
compared
the
copy
with
the
__original__
(origin)，but
there
was
not
much
difference.
5．Even
though
she
is
beautiful，she
doesn’t
like
dressing
__up__
and
is
always
in
plain
clothes.
6．Her
words
had
a
__magical__
(magic)
effect
on
the
children
and
they
became
quiet
at
once.
7．Parents
hope
that
their
children
can
be
educated
in
a
__relaxing__
(relax)
and
active
atmosphere.
8．With
the
Chinese
people
__united__
(unite)
as
one，any
attempt
to
separate
China
is
bound
to
fail.
9．The
audience
kept
quiet
till
the
concert
came
to
__an__
end，when
they
gave
a
big
applause.
10．On
many
trains
and
buses，there
are
some
special
seats
__marked__
(mark)
out
for
senior
citizens.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Finally，we
managed
to
find
the
purse
hiding
in
a
shoe.
__hiding→hidden__
2．Dressing
in
a
white
uniform，he
looks
more
like
a
cook
than
a
doctor.
__Dressing→Dressed__
3．The
weather
was
such
fine
that
we
all
went
camping
in
the
countryside.
__such→so__
4．With
time
passes，more
and
more
people
like
reading.
__With→As__
5．It
is
said
that
he
was
in
the
prison
for
two
years
for
taking
bribery.
__去掉the__
6．The
general
manager
insisted
that
the
meaningless
argument
come
to
end.
__end前面加an__
7．Stand
over
there
or
you’ll
be
able
to
see
it
better.
__or→and__
8．There
is
a
great
need
of
us
to
learn
English
well.
__of→for__
9．Little
Tom
pretended
have
done
his
homework
in
order
to
watch
TV.
__have前面加to__
10．It
is
said
that
the
two
temples，the
larger
of
whom
dates
back
to
the
thirteenth
century，are
visited
by
many
people
every
day.
__whom→which__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Think
of
carnival，and
you
think
of
crowds，costumes，and
confusion.In
Europe，where
it
began，carnival
__1.was
seen__(see)
as
a
last
chance
to
have
fun
at
__2.the__
end
of
the
winter
season.The
most
famous
carnival
in
Europe
was
in
Venice.At
first，it
lasted
for
just
one
day，__3.but__
gradually
the
carnival
period
was
extended.For
weeks
on
end
people
walked
round
the
streets
__4.wearing__(wear)
masks，doing
what
they
wanted，which
made
many
crimes
__5.unpunished__(punish)．
As
a
result，the
government
passed
laws
to
limit
the
use
of
masks.At
the
end
of
the
18th
century，masks
were
banned
pletely__(complete)
and
carnival
became
just
a
memory.
But
in
the
late
1970s
the
tradition
was
revived
by
__7.students__(student)．Today，carnival
in
Venice
is
celebrated
for
five
days
__8.in__
February
and
it
attracts
people
from
all
over
Europe，making
hotels
fully
booked
and
the
narrow
streets
__9.crowded__(crowd).__10.Wandering__
(wander)
through
the
streets，you
will
see
thousands
of
all
kinds
of
masks.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于节日)
1．在节日期间，我喜欢美味的食物。
2．为了放松自己，我喜欢打扮一下。
3．我经常漫步在有很多庆典和游行的街上。
4．看到这些活动，我掩饰不住内心的兴奋。
5．我永远不会忘记这些美好的回忆。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用where引导的定语从句，现在分词作状语。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__During
the
festivals，I
like
enjoying
tasty
food.
In
order
to
relax
myself，I
like
dressing
up.
I
often
wander
in
the
street
where
there
are
many
celebrations
and
parades.
Seeing
these
activities，I
can’t
hide
my
excitement.I
will
never
forget
these
wonderful
memories.__
PAGEModule
5 The
Great
Sports
Personality
(主题语境：人与社会——文学、艺术与体育)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．ministry
n．
__(政府的)部__
2．ultimate
adj.
__最后的__
3．tracksuit
n.
__运动服__
4．trainer
n.
__运动鞋；教练员__
核心词汇识记
1．__background__
n．背景
2．__guarantee__
vt.&
n．保证
3．__purchase__
vt.购买
4．__symbol__
n．符号
5．__score__
vi.&
vt.得分
n．分数；二十
6．__quality__
n．特性；品德；品性
7．__protest__
vi.抗议
8．__tough__
adj.费力的；棘手的；困难的
9．__retire__vi.退休；退役→__retirement__n.退休；退役→__retired__adj.退休的
10．__perform__vi.表现→__performance__n.表现；表演→__performer__n.执行者；表演者
11．__advantage__n.优势；长处→__disadvantage__n.劣势；不利条件
12．__declare__vt.宣布→__declaration__n.宣布；声明
13．__competitor__n.竞争者；对手→__compete__vi.竞争；对抗→__competition__n.竞争；竞赛→__competitive__adj.有竞争力的
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Both
my
parents
are
__retired__.
They
__retired__
in
2015.
Since
their
__retirement__，they
have
been
living
a
colorful
life.(retire)
2．Some
young
athletes
who
took
part
in
the
2016
Olympics
__performed__
well
and
they
hoped
to
improve
their
__performance__
a
lot
after
the
event.(perform)
3．The
fridge
is
__guaranteed__
for
three
years
and
it
is
under
__guarantee__
now.(guarantee)
4．The
two
athletes
are
__competing__
for
the
gold
medal.
The
result
of
the
__competition__
is
hard
to
predict
because
the
two
__competitors__
are
excellent
and
__competitive__.(compete)
5．The
__advantage__
of
cycling
to
work
is
that
we
can
live
a
low-carbon
life
while
the
__disadvantage__
is
that
it
wastes
time.(advantage)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．同……竞争
__compete
with__
2．正在增加
__on
the
increase__
3．比……有优势
__have
an
advantage
over__
4．有史以来
__of
all
time__
5．由……决定
__be
up
to__
6．make
a
list
of
__拟订一份名单；列出__
7．come
out
__出版；上市__
8．rise
to
one’s
feet
__站起身__
9．pick
sb.up
__把某人扶起来；用车接某人__
10．So
what?
__那又怎么样？__
11．by
chance
__偶然地__
选用上述短语填空
1．Her
new
novel
will
__come
out__
next
month.
2．Don’t
worry.
I
will
__pick__
you
__up__
at
five.
3．Homelessness
is
__on
the
increase__
in
the
areas
where
there
are
wars.
4．The
students
__rose
to
their
feet__
to
greet
their
teacher
when
he
came
in.
5．With
a
good command
of
both
Chinese
and
English，she
__has
an
advantage
over
__the
other
interviewees.
6．Confucius
is
respected
by
most
Chinese
as
the
greatest
teacher
__of
all
time__.
1．“球类”集合
(1)basketball
n．篮球
(2)football
n．足球
(3)baseball
n．棒球
(4)rugby
n．橄榄球
(5)table
tennis
n．乒乓球
2．“优缺点”相关名词集锦
(1)strength优势
weakness劣势
(2)virtue优点
shortcoming缺点
(3)advantage优势
disadvantage劣势
3．盘点后缀-or表示人的名词
(1)competitor竞争者
(2)inventor发明者
(3)conductor售票员
(4)translator翻译家
(5)editor编辑
(6)operator操作员
(7)director指挥；导演
(8)educator教育者
4．“v.＋for”短语荟萃
(1)vote
for投票选举
(2)go
for试图获得
(3)care
for关心；喜欢
(4)seek
for寻找；追求
(5)long
for渴望；向往
(6)make
for走向；有助于
(7)call
for要求；需要
(8)stand
for代表；支持
5．foot短语小结
(1)rise
to
one’s
feet站起身
(2)struggle
to
one’s
feet挣扎着站起来
(3)set
foot
on/in涉足；踏上
(4)jump
to
one’s
feet跳起来
(5)stand
on
one’s
own
feet自立；自力更生
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．But
even
though
he
had
won
everything
it
was
possible
to
win
in
his
sport，Li
Ning
retired
with
the
feeling
that
he
had
failed.
但即使他已经赢得了自己在体操运动项目上所能赢得的一切，李宁还是带着一种失败感退了役。
[精析] 句中even
though引导让步状语从句。
2．But
it
was
this
sense
of
failure
that
made
him
determined
to
succeed
in
his
new
life.
但正是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。
[精析] It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...是强调结构。
3．If
you
go
into
a
school
or
university
anywhere，the
chances
are
you
will
see
students
in
Li
Ning
tracksuits
with
the
familiar
logo.
如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，你都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。
[精析] The
chances
are
(that)．..“很可能……。”
4．The
marathon
is
the
final
Olympic
event
because
it
is
thought
to
be
the
hardest.
马拉松是奥运会的最后一项赛事，因为它被认为是最难的项目。
[精析] sb./sth.＋be
thought＋to
do
sth.
“某人/某物被认为……”。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．尽管很难，但是许多人还是渴望通过选秀节目出名。
Many
people
are
eager
to
become
famous
by
Talent
Show，__even
though
it
is
very
difficult__.
2．是他没有通过考试使我们很失望。
It
was
__that
he
didn’t
pass
the
exam__
that
made
us
very
disappointed.
3．如果你住在农村，你很可能听到过鸟儿在歌唱着欢迎新的一天的到来。
If
you
live
in
the
country，__the
chances
are
that__
you
have
heard
birds
singing
to
welcome
the
new
day.
4．这个男孩被认为是我们班最聪明的。
__The
boy
is
thought
to
be__
the
cleverest
in
our
class.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
状语从句
语法填空
1．—Did
he
come
back
early
last
night?
—Yes.It
was
not
yet
eight
o’clock
__when__
he
arrived
home.
[解析] 考查时间状语从句。本题干中用了“It
was＋时间点＋when从句”结构，从属连词when引导时间状语从句。答语句意：是的，他不到八点就回来了。由此推断答案为when。
2．You’d
better
not
leave
the
medicine
__where__
kids
can
get
at
it.
[解析] 考查where引导的地点状语从句。句意：你最好不要把药放到孩子们能够到的地方。这里where引导的是地点状语从句。
3．When
__completed__(complete)，the
museum
will
be
open
to
the
public
next
year.
[解析] 考查状语从句中的省略。句意：当博物馆完成的时候，来年就会对公众开放。因为the
museum与complete之间是动宾关系，故应用过去分词。当主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可用这种省略形式。本句完整形式为“When
it
is
completed，the
museum
will
be
open
to
the
public
next
year.”。
4．She
says
that
she’ll
have
to
close
the
shop__unless__business
improves.
[解析] 句意：她说如果生意不见什么起色就将店关了。此处表示条件，unless“除非；如果不”。
5．“You
can’t
judge
a
book
by
its
cover，”
__as__the
old
saying
goes.
[解析] 句意：正如谚语所说：“人不可貌相”。as引导方式状语从句，且从句用陈述语序。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．perform
v．表现；做；履行；完成；演出；表演
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The
children
who
played
with
puzzles
performed
better
than
those
who
did
not.
(__做__)
②(2020·江苏高考)This
actor
often
has
the
first
two
tricks
planned
before
performing，and
then
goes
for
whatever.
(__表演__)
③(2019·江苏高考)As
a
result，humans
can
perform
very
complex
tasks
with
their
hands.
(__完成__)
④They
always
perform
their
duties
faithfully.
(__履行他们的职责__)
⑤One
should
always
perform
what
one
promises.
(__守信用__)
导图助记
能力提升
语法填空
①She
often
__performs__(perform)
an
important
role
in
our
organization.
②(2019·浙江高考)Other
American
studies
showed
no
connection
between
uniforms
and
school
__performance__.
2．advantage
n．优势；长处
激活知识
介词填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)What
advantage
does
race
walking
have
__over__
running?
②(2019·北京高考)The
students
benefiting
most
from
college
are
those
who
are
totally
engaged(参与)in
academic
life
taking
full
advantage
__of__
the
college’s
chances
and
resources.
③It
would
be
__to__
your
advantage
to
attend
this
meeting.
归纳拓展
(1)have/win/gain
an
advantage
over
胜过；优于
take
advantage
of
使用；利用(人或人的弱点)
to
one’s
advantage
对某人有利
(2)disadvantage
n.
不利条件
能力提升
句型转换
I
will
use
the
chance
fully
to
exchange
views
with
them.
→I
will
__take
full
advantage
of__the
chance
to
exchange
views
with
them.
3．guarantee
vt.保证；担保
n．保证；保证书；抵押物；担保物
激活知识
语法填空
①This
insurance
guarantees
you
__against/from__
loss
in
case
of
fire.
②The
shop
said
they
would
replace
the
computer
because
it
was
still
__under__
guarantee.
③We
guarantee
__to
deliver__(deliver)
your
goods
within
a
week.
归纳拓展
(1)guarantee
sth./sb.
against/from...保证……不受/免遭……
保证某人得到某物
guarantee
to
do
sth.
保证做某事
guarantee
that...
保证……
(2)(be)
under
guarantee
在保修期内
give
sb.
a
guarantee
给某人承诺/保证
能力提升
句型转换
①Can
you
guarantee
I
will
have
a
job
when
I
get
there?
→Can
you
__guarantee
me
a
job__
when
I
get
there?
②Can
you
guarantee
to
me
that
the
work
will
be
finished
on
time?
→Can
you
__give
me
a
guarantee__
that
the
work
will
be
finished
on
time?
4．declare
vt.宣布；声明
激活知识
语法填空
①The
judges
had
different
ideas
about
the
results，so
it
was
two
hours
before
the
results
__were
declared__(declare)．
②In
September
1939，Britain
declared
war
__on__
Germany
after
Germany
invaded
Poland.
③When
they
asked
him
for
his
opinion，he
declared
strongly
__against__
the
policy，which
surprised
them
very
much.
归纳拓展
declare
war
on/upon/against
向……宣战
declare
for/against
表态支持/反对
declare
sth./sb.
(to
be)．..
宣布……为……
declare
that...
宣布；宣称……
declare
the
meeting
open
宣布开会
熟词生义
declare
v.
申报(应纳税品)
Good
morning，sir.
Do
you
have
anything
to
declare?
上午好，先生。你有什么要申报的吗？
易混辨析
declare
指公开、正式、郑重地“宣布、声称、声明(战争、和平、判决、意见等)”含有十分肯定的意思
announce
指首次公开“宣布、宣告”一件令人关心或感兴趣的事情，这种宣布一般带有预告的性质
能力提升
完成句子
①The
police
have
__declared
war
on__
drug
dealing
in
the
neighborhood.
警察已向在邻近地段进行的毒品交易宣战了。
②The
accused
__declared
himself
to
be
innocent__.
被告宣称他自己无罪。
常考短语
5．on
the
increase正在增加
激活知识
语法填空
①To
our
delight，varieties
of
birds
in
the
forest
are
__on__
the
increase.
②The
housing
price
is
hoped
to
decrease
__by__
10%
this
year.
③The
workers
want
to
decrease
the
amount
of
working
hours
__to__
7
hours
a
day.
归纳拓展
(1)on
the
rise
在上涨；在增加
on
the
decrease
在减少
on
the
decline
在衰退中；在下降
on
the
move
在进行中
on
the
run
忙碌；不停地奔波
(2)increase
by增加了……
increase
to增加到……
能力提升
翻译句子
①The
pressure
at
work
is
on
the
increase
in
all
occupations.
译：__各行各业的工作压力都在增加。__
句型转换
②With
online
shopping
increasingly
popular，the
Internet
is
seen
as
an
efficient
way
of
reaching
target
customers.(同义句转换)
→With
the
popularity
of
online
shopping
__on
the
increase__，the
Internet
is
seen
as
an
efficient
way
of
reaching
target
customers.
6．rise
to
one’s
feet
站起身
激活知识
语法填空
①After
he
was
knocked
down
by
a
car
which
escaped
immediately，he
struggled
__to__
his
feet
and
called
120
and
the
police
station.
②American
Armstrong
became
the
first
man
to
set
foot
__on__
the
moon.
归纳拓展
struggle
to
one’s
feet
挣扎着站起来
jump/leap
to
one’s
feet
跳起来
stand
on
one’s
own
feet
自立；经济上独立
set
foot
on
踏上
能力提升
句型转换
①No
sooner
had
the
question
been
put
forward
than
Tom
stood
up
to
answer
it.
→No
sooner
had
the
question
been
put
forward
than
Tom
__rose
to
his
feet__to
answer
it.
②Now
that
you’re
grown
up，you
must
learn
to
be
independent.
→Now
that
you’re
grown
up，you
must
learn
to
__stand
on
your
own
feet__.
必备句型
7．If
you
go
into
a
school
or
university
anywhere，the
chances
are
you
will
see
students
in
Li
Ning
tracksuits
with
the
familiar
logo.
如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，你都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。
激活知识
句式仿写
①__The
chances
are
that
he
will
pass
the
exam__.
他很可能会通过这次考试。
②__The
chances
are
that
they
have
already
left
there__.
或许他们已经离开那里了。
归纳拓展
by
chance
偶然；碰巧
by
any
chance
万一；碰巧
take
a
chance
冒险试一试
碰巧……
(此处chance为动词，相当于happen)
There’s
a
chance
that...
有可能……
leave
it
to
chance
听任命运
on
the
chance
of/that...
怀着……的希望
stand
a
good(stand
no)chance
很有(没有)可能
能力提升
语法填空
①What
attracted
me
most
to
the
job
was
the
chance
__to
travel__(travel)around
the
world.
②With
a
bit
of
brain
training，the
chances
are
__that__
you
can
be
as
smart
as
they
are.
③Yesterday，I
met
a
famous
musician
on
the
train
__by__
chance.
8．The
marathon
is
the
final
Olympic
event
because
it
is
thought
to
be
the
hardest.
马拉松是奥运会最后一项赛事，因为它被认为是最难的项目。
激活知识
句式仿写
The
speech
made
by
President
Xi
Jinping
__was
thought
to
be
encouraging__.
习近平主席的演讲被认为是很鼓舞人心的。
归纳拓展
(1)主语(人/物)＋be
thought
to
do
sth.某人/物被认为会做某事
be
thought
to
have
done
sth.被认为已经做了某事
be
thought
to
be
doing
sth.被认为正在做某事
(2)以上句式可以转换为：it＋be
thought＋that从句
能力提升
一句多译
人们认为骑自行车对我们的健康有很好的影响。
①__Riding
bicycles
is
thought__
to
have
great
effects
on
our
health.
②__It
is
thought
that__
riding
bicycles
has
great
effects
on
our
health.
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
total
amount
of
packaging
increased
__by__
62%
between
2018
and
2021.
2．The
painting
__purchased__
(purchase)
for
50,000
dollars
in
2017
proves
to
be
a
fake.
3．However
frequently
__performed__
(perform)，the
works
of
Shakespeare
always
attract
many
people.
4．In
one
sense，that’s
a
good
thing.
But
it
also
has
a
__disadvantage__
(advantage)．
5．I
hope
I
will
work
in
a
computer
company
as
a
program
__designer__
(design)．
6．The
cell
phone
will
be
repaired
free
of
charge
when
it
is
__under__
guarantee
without
human
damage.
7．A
number
of
people
crowed
into
streets
and
made
a
protest
__against__
the
war.
8．When
the
meeting
__was
declared__
(declare)
closed，all
the
people
present
got
up
and
left.
9．You
have
to
answer
every
question
as
__specifically__
(specific)
as
possible
when
the
police
come.
10．Shortly
after
the
accident，two
score
of
police
__were
sent__
(send)
there
to
keep
order.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．He
has
lived
here
for
two
scores
years.
__scores→score__
2．Can
you
give
me
guarantee
that
the
work
will
be
finished
on
time?
__me后面加a__
3．There
was
a
large
crowd
in
the
square，protested
against
the
war.
__protested→protesting__
4．The
new
survey
shows
that
the
number
of
students
addicted
to
computer
games
has
been
in
the
increase
in
recent
years.
__第一个in→on__
5．It
was
in
the
park
that
the
family
used
to
camp
that
the
couple
found
their
child.
__第一个that→where__
6．Bravely，Mary
struggled
to
her
foot，and
fought
against
the
wind
and
rain
beating
against
her.
__foot→feet__
7．We
had
to
recognize
that
they
had
many
advantages
to
us
in
some
aspects.
__第二个to→over__
8．Tom
as
well
as
his
brothers
were
invited
to
the
party.
__were→was__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li
Ning，a
famous
gymnast，retired
at
the
age
of
26.Even
though
he
had
won
106
gold
medals
in
major
__1.competitions__(compete)
across
the
world，he
retired
with
a
feeling
that
he
had
failed.It
was
this
sense
of
feeling
__2.that__
made
him
determined
to
succeed
in
his
new
life.A
year
after
his
__3.retirement__(retire)，he
began
to
work
as
a
businessman.He
launched
a
new
brand
of
sportswear，competing
with
global
giants
like
Nike
and
Adidas.Li
Ning
__4.chose__(choose)
his
own
name
as
the
brand
mark.His
sports
clothes
came
onto
the
market
at
just
the
right
time.__5.The__
number
of
young
people
with
money
__6.to
spend__(spend)
was
on
the
increase.Besides，his
designs
were
attractive
and
his
clothes
were
__7.cheaper__(cheap)
than
his
rivals’，which
guaranteed
his
success.__8.But__
Li
Ning’s
goal
when
he
retired
was
not
to
make
money.His
dream
was
to
open
a
school
for
gymnasts，__9.which__
was
realized
in
1991.He
has
been
helping
young
people
to
achieve
their
sporting
ambitions
since
then.If
you
are
a
great
sportsperson，anything
is
possible，as
Li
Ning’s
advertising
slogan
__10.says__(say)．
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于体育健将)
1．杰克是一名优秀的运动员。
2．他比他的竞争对手有优势。
3．他在比赛中表现很好，获得了最高分。
4．他曾经是全国冠军。
5．他说他的教练给了他很多帮助，而且多年的艰苦训练保证了他的胜利。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句，that引导的宾语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__Jack，who
was
an
excellent
player，had
an
advantage
over
his
competitors.
He
performed
well
and
scored
the
highest
mark
in
the
competition.
He
was
once
the
national
champion.He
said(that)his
trainer
gave
him
a
lot
of
help
and
that
years
of
tough
training
guaranteed
his
victory.__
PAGEModule
6 Animals
in
Danger
(主题语境：人与自然——环境保护)
基础知识·全面回顾
JI
CHU
ZHI
SHI
QUAN
MIAN
HUI
GU
●Ⅰ
单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．raid
n．&
vt.
__(警方的)突击搜查__
2．bald
adj.
__秃(头)的__
3．brink
n.
__边缘__
4．initial
n.
__首字母__
核心词汇识记
1．__struggle__
n．挣扎；斗争
2．__spot__
n．(某事发生的)准确地点；现场
3．__condition__
n．环境；情况
4．__meanwhile__
adv.同时
5．__live__
adj.活的
6．__lay__
vt.产卵；下蛋
7．__focus__
n．焦点；集中点
8．__monitor__
vt.监测
9．__endanger__vt.使……处于险境；危及→__endangered__adj.濒危的→__danger__n.危险→__dangerous__adj.危险的
10．__reserve__n.保护区；保护圈 vt.保留；预订→__reservation__n.预订；保留
11．__protect__vt.保护→__protection__n.保护
12．__worth__adj.值……钱→__worthy__adj.值得……的→__worthwhile__adj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的
13．__aim__n.目标；目的→__aimless__adj.无目标的
14．__involve__vt.涉及；包括→__involved__adj.涉及的；有关的→__involvement__n.包含；涉及
15．__energy__n.能源；精力→__energetic__adj.精力充沛的
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The
eggs
__laid__
by
the
hens
are
big.(lay)
2．The
lizards
are
classed
as
an
__endangered__
species
and
they
are
living
in
__dangerous__
condition.(danger)
3．This
tent
offers
little
__protection__
against
the
severe
storm
so
we
should
find
a
house
to
__protect__
ourselves.(protect)
4．I
rang
to
make
a
table
__reservation__
for
two
people
for
9
o’clock
but
they
said
all
the
seats
had
been
__reserved__.(reserve)
5．This
__energetic__
man
is
full
of
__energy__
every
day.(energy)
6．We
should
have
a
specific
__aim__
in
life.
Living
an
__aimless__
life
means
wasting
time.(aim)
7．The
murder
__involved__
many
people
but
only
a
few
proved
to
be
__involved__
in
it.(involve)
●Ⅱ
短语互译速记
1．为……献身
__give
one’s
life
to__
2．当场；在现场
__on
the
spot__
3．成为时尚
__come
into
fashion__
4．关心某事；担心某事
__be
concerned
about
sth.__
5．代表
__stand
for__
6．建立；设立
__set
up__
7．get
tough
with
__对……采取强硬措施__
8．keep
an
eye
on
__照看；留神__
9．go
for
__攻击(某人)；对……也适用__
10．feed
on
__(动物)以……为食__
11．focus...on
__把……集中于__
选用上述短语填空
1．The
letter
V__stands
for__
victory.
2．Parents
__are
concerned
about__
their
children’s
health
and
safety.
3．This
organization
was
__set
up__
in
2010.
4．The
goats
__feed
on__
grass.
5．I’m
so
tired
that
I
can’t
__focus
on__
anything
today.
6．There
being
no
witness
__on
the
spot__，the
police
were
delayed
by
the
absence
of
information
about
the
crime.
1．各种“力”
(1)force
n．武力
(2)energy
n．精力
(3)power
n．权力
(4)strength
n．力气；力量
(5)intelligence
n．智力
(6)ability
n．能力
2．聚焦“后缀-ial”高频形容词
(1)initial最初的
(2)beneficial有益的；有利的
(3)artificial人工的；人造的
(4)confidential机密的
(5)controversial有争议的
3．live形近词一览
(1)live
adj.活的；现场直播的
(2)alive
adj.活着的
(3)lively
adj.活泼的；生动的
(4)living
adj.健在的；现存的
4．feed短语汇总
(1)feed
on以……为食
(2)feed...to...用……喂……
(3)feed...on...用……喂……
(4)feed
up养壮；使吃饱
(5)be/get
fed
up
with对……感到厌烦
5．eye高频短语全接触
(1)keep
an
eye
on关注；留意
(2)catch
one’s
eye引起某人注意
(3)eye
contact对视；相互直视
(4)look
sb.in
the
eye直视某人
(5)an
eye
for
an
eye以牙还牙
6．life短语一览
(1)all
one’s
life一生；终生
(2)lead/live
a．..life过着……的生活
(3)bring...to
life使……苏醒；使……生动起来
(4)come
to
life复活；复苏；变得活跃
(5)give
one’s
life
to为……献身
●Ⅲ
佳句精析精练
1．Although
surprised，the
poachers
had
an
advantage—there
were
more
of
them.
尽管很吃惊，偷猎者有一个优势——他们人多。
[精析] although引导一个省略结构的让步状语从句，其后省略了they
were。
2．But
today
the
government
seems
to
be
winning
the
battle.
但是现在政府好像正要赢得这场战斗。
[精析] to
be
winning为动词不定式的进行式，作seems的表语。
3．Only
about
1,000
survive，most
of
them
in
Siberia.
只有1
000只(老虎)幸存下来，大部分在西伯利亚。
[精析] “代词＋介词短语”构成独立主格结构。
[句式仿写]
根据上述句式完成句子
1．尽管面对许多问题，他们没有失去信心。
__Although
faced__
with
many
problems，they
didn’t
lose
heart.
2．随着社会的发展，我们似乎正在失去很多传统。
With
the
development
of
society，we
__seem
to
be
losing__
a
lot
of
tradition.
3．在我们大学里有100多名留学生，一些来自非洲。
There
are
more
than
100
foreign
students
in
our
college，__some
of
them
from
Africa__.
●Ⅳ
单元语法过关
定语从句
语法填空
1．Chufu
County
is
Confucius’s
hometown
__where__the
old
man
ran
a
school
for
many
years
and
trained
a
good
number
of
capable
students.
[解析] 该句中的从句中不缺少成分，先行词是表示地点的名词hometown，所以用关系副词where。
2．Chufu
County
is
Confucius’
hometown
__which/that__
a
good
number
of
my
students
have
visited
several
times.
[解析] 从句的谓语动词visited是及物动词，没有宾语，所以应该用关系代词作宾语，即which/that。
3．In
the
UK，what
impressed
me
most
was
the
student
activity，__where__I
got
lots
of
information.
[解析] 本句的后半部分是非限制性定语从句，用来修饰先行词the
student
activity，where在从句中作状语，表示抽象的地点。
4．John
invited
about
40
people
to
his
wedding，most
of
__whom__
are
family
members.
[解析] 句意：约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。本题考查定语从句。在定语从句中如果介词放在关系代词之前，且先行词指人时，从句中关系代词只能使用whom。
5．She
said
she
had
finished
her
work，__which__
I
doubted
very
much.
[解析] 考查定语从句。句意：她说她已经完成了工作，我对此深感怀疑此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话内容。
考点探究·素养演练
KAO
DIAN
TAN
JIU
SU
YANG
YAN
LIAN
高频单词
1．reserve
n．保护区；保护圈；预备品；贮存
vt.储备；保存；保留；预约；预订
激活知识
语法填空
①We’ve
already
had
a
big
room
__reserved__(reserve)
for
you
to
hold
the
party.
②When
talking
to
a
friend，we
should
be
frank
and
__without__
reserve.
归纳拓展
(1)without
reserve 毫无保留地；直言不讳
keep
sth.in
reserve
保存某物以备用
natural
reserve
自然保护区
(2)reserve
sth.for
sb.
为某人保留某物
reserve
a
room/table/seat
预订房间/桌子/座位
reserve
the
right
to
do
sth.
保留做某事的权利
能力提升
完成句子
①I’d
like
to
__reserve
a
table__
for
two.
我想预订一张两人的餐桌。
②The
management
__reserves
the
right
to__
refuse
admission.
管理部门保留拒绝人员入内的权利。
2．struggle
n．挣扎；斗争 vi.奋斗；挣扎；斗争
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)Many
of
their
families
were
struggling
__to
make__
(make)
ends
meet.
②(2019·天津高考)Most
of
his
adult
life
has
been
a
losing
struggle
__against__
debt
and
misfortune.
归纳拓展
struggle
for
为……斗争
struggle
to
do
sth.
努力做某事
struggle
against
与……搏斗
struggle
with
与……搏斗；和……并肩战斗
struggle
to
one’s
feet
挣扎着站起来
能力提升
句式升级
Mary
had
struggled
for
months
to
find
a
job，and
finally
took
a
position
at
a
local
advertising
agency.
→__Having
struggled
for
months
to
find
a
job__，Mary
finally
took
a
position
at
a
local
advertising
agency.(现在分词短语作状语)
3．protect
v．保护；防护；防御
激活知识
语法填空
①
(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)
He
realized
that
it
was
because
there
weren’t
enough
trees
to
protect
them
__from__
the
heat.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)These
colourful
and
sweet
jewels
from
British
Columbia’s
fields
are
little
powerhouses
of
nutritional
__protection__(protect)．
导图助记
Little
children
live
under
the
protection
of
their
parents.
小孩是在父母的保护下生活的。
易混辨析
protect
一般指借用东西来保护、防御，使人或物免受危害
defend
指对紧急危机或侵袭采取武力手段来防御
guard
指小心谨慎地对可能的危险进行防御，以维护安全，含警戒之意
能力提升
一句多译
在过去几年里，中国在环境保护方面取得了极大的成就。
①In
the
last
few
years，China
has
made
great
achievements
in
__environmental
protection__.
②In
the
last
few
years，China
has
made
great
achievements
in
__protecting
the
environment__.
4．worth
adj.
值……钱；值得……的
激活知识
一句多译
这个问题值得讨论。
①The
problem
is
worth
__discussing__.
②The
problem
is
worthy
③It
is
worthwhile
__to
discuss/discussing__
the
problem.
归纳拓展
(1)be
worth＋the
money/the
price
值……钱/价格
sth./sb.
be
worth
doing
某事/人值得做……
(2)be
worthy
of
being
done
值得……
be
worthy
to
be
done
值得……
be
worthy
of
attention/consideration
值得关注/考虑
(3)It’s
worthwhile
to
do/doing
sth.
做某事是值得的。
This
may
seem
like
a
lot
of
time，but
the
rewards
are
well
worth
it.
这似乎要花费很多时间，但其回报却物有所值。
注意：(1)worth一般只作表语，不可作前置定语；
(2)be
worth
doing是主动形式表被动；
(3)如果表达“很值得”，应该用be
well
worth。
能力提升
选词填空(worth/worthwhile/worthy)
It
is
①__worthwhile__
to
travel
to
Beijing，because
many
places
of
interest
are
well
②__worth__
visiting.The
Great
Wall
is
particularly
③__worthy__
of
being
visited.
5．wonder
n．奇迹；奇观；惊奇
v．想知道；对……感到惊奇
激活知识
语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)It
was
raining
so
hard
that
we
couldn’t
help
__wondering__
(wonder)
how
long
it
would
take
to
get
there.
②(2018·天津高考)I’m
moving
in
a
few
days
and
I
wonder
__whether/if__
you
could
help.
③It’s
__a__
wonder
that
you
didn’t
lose
your
way
in
the
dark.
④She
looked
at
the
boss
__in__
wonder.
归纳拓展
(1)(It’s)
no
wonder
(that)．..
……不足为奇；难怪
It’s
a
wonder
(that)．..
令人惊奇的是……
in
wonder
惊奇地
(2)wonder
at/about
sth.
对……感到惊奇
wonder
if/whether＋从句 想知道是否……
能力提升
句式升级
①The
other
students
struggled
for
the
first
prize.They
wondered
if/whether
they
could
pass
this
test.(用非谓语动词作伴随状语)
__The
other
students
struggled
for
the
first
prize，
wondering
if/whether
they
could
pass
this
test.__
②No
one
got
hurt
in
the
earthquake.It’s
a
wonder.(用同位语从句改写)
__It’s
a
wonder
that
no
one
got
hurt
in
the
earthquake.__
6．focus
n.
焦点；集中点
v.
把……集中于；对准焦距
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)Too
often
when
you
stand
up
to
give
a
speech，you
focus
__on__
the
“public”
at
the
expense
of
the
“speaking”．
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today，many
Chinese
people
are
learning
Western
styles
and
theories
rather
than
__focusing__(focus)
on
Chinese
traditions.
③With
his
attention
__focused__(focus)
on
the
book，he
didn’t
notice
the
teacher
come
in.
归纳拓展
(1)the
focus
of
attention/concern注意/关注的焦点
in/out
of
focus
清晰/不清晰的；焦点对准/没有对准的
(2)focus
one’s
attention/energy
on...
集中……于……
focus
on/upon
集中于；关注于
能力提升
一句多译
艾伦冲下山，注意力都集中在急转弯上，没有想他是否会赢。
①Allen
rushed
down
the
mountain，__focusing
his
attention
on
the
sharp
turn__，without
wondering
if
he
would
win.(用非谓语动词作伴随状语)
②Allen
rushed
down
the
mountain，__with
his
attention
focused
on
the
sharp
turn__，without
wondering
if
he
would
win.(用with的复合结构)
7．involve
vt.
包括；笼罩；潜心于；使陷于；牵涉；拖累
激活知识
语法填空
①(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)His
visit，however，ended
up
__involving__
(involve)
a
lot
more
than
that.
②(2019·江苏高考)There
are
plenty
of
opportunities
for
the
creative
person
to
become
__involved__
(involve)，including
workshops
and
events.
③(2018·北京高考)Jennifer
DeBruyn，a
microbiologist
at
the
University
of
Tennessee，who
was
not
involved
__in__
the
study，says
it
is
not
surprising
that
such
worms
can
break
down
polyethylene.
④The
test
will
involve
__answering__(answer)
questions
about
a
photograph.
归纳拓展
involved
adj.
棘手的；复杂的
involvement
n.
连累；包含
be
involved
with
涉及
become
involved
in
卷入；陷入
get
involved
with
给……缠住
be
involved
in
包含在……；与……有关；被卷入；专心地(做)(＝be
absorbed
in/be
buried
in/be
engaged
in/be
occupied
with)
能力提升
完成句子
①Don’t
__involve__
other
people
__in__
your
trouble.
别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。
②All
the
children
__were
involved
in__
the
school
play.
所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的节目。
③He
__was
involved
in__
working
out
a
plan.
他专心致志地制订了计划。
常考短语
8．stand
for
代表；象征；主张
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①I
won’t
stand
for
his
rudeness
any
longer.
(__容忍__)
②What
do
the
letters
UN
stand
for？
(__代表__)
③I
want
to
know
what
he
stands
for
before
I
vote
for
him.
(__主张；拥护__)
④Pigeons
stand
for
peace.
(__象征__)
归纳拓展
stand
out
突出；显眼；杰出
stand
by
袖手旁观；无动于衷
stand
by/behind
sb.支持某人
stand
aside
站到一边；让开；不参与；袖手旁观
注意：(1)stand
for“代表”，表示某种意义、意思、含义。
What
does
BBC
stand
for?
BBC代表什么意思？
(2)represent“代表”某(些)人的利益、身份、作用。
We
chose
a
committee
to
represent
us.
我们选出一个委员会来代表我们。
能力提升
介副词填空
①Our
daughter
is
a
great
dancer；she
stands
__out__
above
the
rest.
②Good
Heavens！How
could
you
stand
__by__
and
allow
such
a
thing
to
happen!
③We
stand
__for__
a
peaceful
settlement
of
the
international
dispute.
9．set
up建立；设立；制定；安排；竖起
激活知识
观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·天津高考)
He
convinced
the
police
department
to
allow
him
to
set
up
a
couple
of
“chat
benches”
in
two
of
their
local
parks.
(__设立__)
②(2019·北京高考)Alice
Moore
is
a
teenager
entrepreneur(创业者)，who
in
May
2015
set
up
her
business
AilieCandy.
(__创立__)
③(2018·北京高考)Now
Mr.Anderson
has
set
up
an
online
campaign
to
raise
money
for
Mr.Smith
and
other
homeless
people
in
the
area.
(__发起__)
④(全国卷Ⅱ)Depending
on
the
kind
of
race
you
plan
to
enter，you
can
set
up
a
timetable
for
the
remaining
weeks
before
the
race.
(__制定__)
归纳拓展
set
about(doing
sth.)
开始(做某事)
set
down
放下；写下
set
aside
留出；存储
set
off
出发；引爆；引起
set
out
出发
set
out
to
do
sth.
开始做某事
能力提升
介副词填空
①The
new
government
must
set
__about__
finding
solutions
to
the
country’s
economic
problems.
②I
try
to
set
__aside__
a
few
minutes
each
day
to
do
some
exercise，though
I
am
very
busy.
③The
school
has
set
__up__
a
special
class
to
help
those
poor
learners.
必备句型
10．But
today
the
government
seems
to
be
winning
the
battle.
但是现在政府好像正要赢得这场战斗。
激活知识
句式仿写
①The
children
__seemed
to
be
eating
something__
in
the
room.
孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西。
②They
__seem
to
be
losing
patience__.
他们似乎正在失去耐心。
归纳拓展
(1)“主语＋seem＋不定式”注意不定式时态的变化。
(2)“主语＋seem(＋to
be)＋表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，以说明主语的特征或状态。
(3)“It
seems＋that从句”，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。
(4)“There＋seem(s)/to
be＋名词”，其中to
be可省略。seem
的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。
能力提升
语法填空
①The
boy
sitting
by
the
window
seems
to
__be
reading__
(read)
something
interesting.
②The
engine
just
won’t
start.Something
seems
__to
have
gone__(go)wrong
with
it.
③__It__
seems
to
me
that
Mr.Brown
will
not
come
again.
④__There__
seems(to
be)lots
of
things
to
learn
in
the
work.
课堂达标·巩固提升
KE
TANG
DA
BIAO
GONG
GU
TI
SHENG
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
project
has
been
a
great
success
and
I
would
like
to
thank
all
the
people
__involved__(involve)．
2．She
__laid__
(lay)
the
baby
on
the
bed
and
went
to
prepare
lunch.
3．If
cancers
__are
spotted__
(spot)
early，there
is
a
high
chance
of
survival.
4．It
isn’t
wise
to
spend
all
your
salary
every
month.
Keep
some
money
__in__
reserve，just
in
case.
5．You
have
to
wear
a
life
jacket
for
__protection__
(protect)
in
case
you
fall
into
the
river.
6．The
children
talked
so
loudly
at
dining
table
that
I
had
to
struggle
__to
be
heard__
(hear)．
7．Although
__built__
(build)
ten
years
ago，the
house
still
looks
new.
8．All
those
__concerned__
(concern)
about
the
poor
children
should
be
thanked.
9．It’s
high
time
that
we
took
measures
to
protect
__endangered__
(endanger)
animals.
10．__It__
is
no
wonder
that
you
have
got
a
headache.
You
have
been
working
in
front
of
the
computer
too
long.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The
boy
was
wandering
in
front
of
the
Great
Pyramid，wondered
how
it
was
built.
__wondered→wondering__
2．The
little
girl
showed
no
anxiety
before
the
competition.There
seemed
that
she
had
prepared
for
it
pretty
well.
__There→It__
3．With
his
attention
focusing
on
the
book
he
was
reading，he
didn’t
notice
what
had
happened.
__focusing→focused__
4．Last
but
not
least，I
advise
you
to
take
an
actively
part
in
club
activities
at
school.
__actively→active__
5．Considering
its
practical
value，the
book
is
well
worth
read.
__read→reading__
6．They
think
the
problem
is
not
worthy
being
considered.
__worthy后面加of__
7．Hero
although
he
is，he
has
some
shortcomings.
__although→though/as__
8．Concerning
about
the
student，the
teacher
called
his
parents
to
find
out
why
he
was
so
often
absent
from
class.
__Concerning→Concerned__
Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
On
a
freezing
cold
day
in
January
1994，Jiesang
Suonandajie
gave
__1.his__
life
when
fighting
with
the
poachers
__2.who/that__
were
killing
the
endangered
Tibetan
antelope.The
reason
why
the
poachers
kill
the
antelopes
is
__3.that__
the
wool
of
the
Tibetan
antelope
is
the
most
expensive
in
the
world.For
poachers
the
__4.profits__(profit)
can
be
huge.Often
__5.working__(work)
at
night，the
poachers
shoot
whole
herds
of
antelopes
at
a
time.The
animals
__6.are
skinned__(skin)
on
the
spot
and
the
wool
taken
to
India，where
it
is
made
into
the
shawls.The
business
is
__7.illegal__(legal)．In
__8.the__
1990s
the
Chinese
government
began
to
take
an
active
part
in
__9.protecting__(protect)
the
antelopes
in
the
Hoh
Xil
Nature
Reserve
and
made
some
progress.International
co-operation
seems
to
be
working
too.Since
1997
the
antelope
population
has
__10.slowly__(slow)
begun
to
grow
again.
Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
写作素材(关于动物保护)
1．大家都知道，现在很多动物处于危险境地或灭绝了。
2．它们天然的栖息地遭到了严重的破坏。
3．人们对这些动物的生存感到担忧。
4．到了我们把注意力集中在保护这些动物的时候了。
5．我们希望越来越多的人加入动物保护的行列中。
提示：
黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用as引导的非限制性定语从句，it
is
time
for
sb.to
do...等结构。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
__As
we
all
know，many
animals
become
endangered
or
extinct
because
of
the
serious
destruction
of
their
natural
habitat.
People
are
concerned
about
their
survival.
It
is
time
for
us
to
focus
our
attention
on
protecting
these
animals.
We
hope
more
and
more
people
will
get
involved
in
the
protection
of
the
animals.__
