Unit 1 Art my grammar虚拟语气

(共60张PPT)
1.If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one
would have been able to paint such a realistic pictures.
2.Without the new paints and the new technique,
we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces
for which this period is famous.
3.Without the Impressionists, many of these paintings styles
might not exist.
( 20ms )
Grammar
What would you do if you won the lottery
If I won the lottery, I would…
If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.
If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.
If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.
If it were fine now, I would go shopping.
If I ____ a teacher, I….
were
1. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中
(1) 表示与现在事实相反的假设, 条件 状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be 动词的过去式用were)”, 而主句中的谓语动词“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。
虚拟语气
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
If he __________ more carefully, he _________________ the car accident yesterday.
had driven
would not have had
If I ________ how to swim,
I __________________ trapped in this island.
had learnt
would not have been
a. If Tom ________ (be) more careful in the exam, he ________________ (pass) it already.
b. If you _______ (get) up earlier, you ________________ (catch) the first train.
had been
would have passed
had got
would have caught
PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.
c. If I _______ (meet) you yesterday, we ______________ (go) to the concert together.
had met
would have gone
2. 与过去的事实相反
从句的谓语用had＋过去分词, 构成If I (we, you, he, they)＋had＋过去分词的形式；
主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would (第二、三人称) /could/might have ＋动词过去分词。
If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
If you should succeed, everything would
be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
Solve problems
The students failed the English exam. Could you give him some suggestions
One of your friend got HN1 last year. He suffered a lot. What could you do help him
3. 与将来事实相反
从句的谓语用If I (we, you, he, they) ＋动词过去式或 were to do 或should do 形式, 主句谓语用should(第一人称) /would (第二、三人称) /could/ might ＋动词原形。
If he got up early,
he would be on time.
假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？
If he were to come, what should we say to him.
假如他看见我, 就会认识我。
If he should see me, he would know me.
a. If there ________ (be) no natural resource any more, we ___________ (make) use of nuclear power.
b. What ____________ (happen) if you ____________ (get up) too late tomorrow
should be
should make
would happen
should get up
PRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks
c. If Robots _____________ (control) the world some day, here ________ (be) no friendship.
were to control
would be
主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间, 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同, 这叫做混合条件句。
例句中从句与过去事实相反, 主句与现在事实相反。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
If the staff had been more careful,
the mall would not be on fire now.
条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
现在
过去时(were)
would/could/should/might +v. (原)
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。
条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
过去
过去完成时
would/could/should/might + have+ p.p.
条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
未来
1. 过去时
2. should+ v.
3. were to do
would/could/ should/ might +v. (原)
二. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
1. 在动词wish后的宾语从句中, 表示与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将来的主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词that。
1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式或过去进行式 (be动词一般用were) 。
I wish I were as tall as you.
I wish I were a bird.
I wish every day were my birthday.
I wish/wished I hadn’t eaten so much watermelon.
(2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。
The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.
(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形式为 “ would＋动词原形”。
注意: 主句的主语与从句的主要不能相同, 因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。
但愿你立刻来。
I wish you would come soon.
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
2. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。
常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建
议，四个要求。即:
1. insist 2. order, command
3. advise, suggest, propose
4. demand, require, request, desire
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语
气。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原
形，或者将should省略。
e.g. 我们建议Tom 去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.
He insisted that I (should) be present.
The king ordered that the prisoners
(should) be killed the next day.
They requested that we (should) send them
to work there.
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从
句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句
也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一
样。即：(should)＋V.
order, advice, suggestion, proposal,
demand, request, desire
It’s suggested that the plan be carried out.
My demand is that she should come to see
me once a week.
All of us are for the advice that the chemical
factory should be closed down.
insist/suggest不接虚拟的用法
1. She insisted that she was right.
她坚持认为自己是对的。（坚持事实）
2. His uncle insists that he should not stay
in the hotel.
他的叔叔坚持要求他不要待在旅馆里。
2. The look on his face suggested that he was unhappy.
I suggested that the teachers’ wages (should) be increased.
3. It’s (about/high) time +(that)…
should +V.
过去时
你该走了。
我们该去睡觉了。
It’s time that you went.
It’s time that you should go.
It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed.
(Should不可省略)
as if/as though
由as if (as though) 或even though (even though) 引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时, 从句谓语形式为动词的过去式 (be用were) 或 “had＋过去分词”。
He behaves as if he owned the house.
(But he doesn’t own it or probably doesn’t own it or we don’t know whether he owns it or not.)
She talks about Rome as though she had been there herself.
他那样对待我, 好像我是陌生人似的。
He treats me as if I were a stranger.
注意: 如果表示的事情可能会发生, 那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。
Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.
4. would rather (that)
现在：
过去：
将来：
I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.
Don’t come. I would rather you came
tomorrow.
过去时
过去时
过去完成时
关于虚拟语气 辩析1
关于虚拟语气 辩析2
关于虚拟语气 辩析3
关于虚拟语气 辩析4
关于虚拟语气 辩析5
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. — Have you ever been to Beijing — No, but I wish I ______. A. have B. will C. do D. had 2. If there were no water in the world,
everything ______. A. will die　　 B. would die　 C. would have died D. have died
3. I wish that I ______ with you last night. A. could have gone B. could go 　　 C. have gone　　　 D. went
4. If I ______ you, I ______ more attention to English idioms and phrases. A. was; shall pay B. am; will pay C. would be; would pay　 D. were; would pay
5. I wish that you ______ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert. A. wouldn’t have　　
B. didn’t have C. hadn’t had　 　　
D. haven’t had
6. When a stick is partly in a glass of water, it looks as though it ___.
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
7. “Are you going to the ball tonight ” “It’s too late now. How I wish ____ about it earlier!”
A. I’ll know B. I’ve known
C. I know D. I’d known
8. The guard of the meeting insisted that everybody ____ the rules.
A. obeys B. obey
C. will obey D. would obey
9. “Jack’s been ill for some weeks.” “I
know. I wish ____ see a doctor.”
A. he should B. he can
C. he’ll D. he could
10. “You should have gone to the cinema with us yesterday. The film was very good.” “I wish I ____ yesterday off. I’d have gone with you.”
A. have had B. had
C. have D. had had
11. It is time that we _____ this practice.
A. stop B. stopped
C. will stop D. have stopped
12. I wish I _____ as healthy as my cousin.
A. were B. am C. was D. will be
13. The two strangers talked as if they ___ friends for years.
A. have been B. are C. were D. had been
句型练习 (用If I were you句型翻译下列句子)
1. 我要是你的话, 我就会把英语学好。
2. 如果你昨天来, 你就会看见他。
3. 万一明天下雨, 我们就不到那儿去。
4. 我希望我十年前认识他。
5. 他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。
Homework