高中英语牛津译林版（2019）必修二Unit2 Be sporty be healthy语法归纳练习+写作指导
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| 名称 | 高中英语牛津译林版（2019）必修二Unit2 Be sporty be healthy语法归纳练习+写作指导 |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 80.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-05-17 22:55:27 | ||
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Unit2 Be sporty be healthy语法归纳练习+写作指导
单元语法讲练--现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态
【学前自测】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We can't use our classroom，for it (paint) now.
2．—I don't suppose the teacher knows who broke the vase.
—Well，surprisingly she does.Tom has been called and (question) now.
3．Kevin is happy because he (praise) by the teacher in class now.
4．No decision (make) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.
5．Great changes (take) place in my hometown since 2000.
6．When I reached the station，the tickets (sell) out.
7．The little boy has made rapid progress recently and (praise) several times by his teachers.
8．The question about where the factory is going to be built (discuss) now.
9．Over the past ten years，this town (hit) twice by earthquakes.
10．—Will the lecture be held at 4 o'clock this afternoon?
—No.It (put) off till tomorrow afternoon.
11．The plan to explore the South Pole (make) these days.
12．Every possible means (try) to stop the bad behaviour，but they don't work at all.
13．Because of bad scores，Jimmy may (beat) by his father at the very moment.
14．When you get the paper back，pay special attention to what (mark)．
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
A university student who recently 1. (charge) with stealing 2. (seek) professional help after being convicted of(证明有……罪) shoplifting for the second time in six months.
Luz，who 3. (live) with her partner in Fitzwdliam Road，Cambridge，4. (admit) stealing clothes worth 9.95 pounds from Lewis in Oxford Street，London，on March 9.
Philip Lomoyne，prosecuting(起诉)，said Luz selected some clothes from a display and 5. (take) them to the ladies' toilet in the store.When she came out again she 6. (wear) one of the skirts she 7. (select)，having taken off the anti?theft security alarm(安全防盗报警)．Recently she 8. (catch) and apologized for her actions.
Ⅲ.把下列句子变为被动语态
①This company has produced new types of computers.
→ .
②Mum has not given me some money when I came back to school.
→ when I came back to school.
→ when I came back to school.
③Has the little girl asked you to help her with her English?
→ ?
④His father has made him work hard.
→ .
⑤We have made use of all of our time.
→ .
参考答案：
单句语法填空
is being painted
is being questioned
is being praised
will be made
have taken
had been sold
has been praised
is being discussed
has been hit
has been put
is being made
has been tried
be being beaten
has been marked
课文语法填空
has been charged
is seeking
lives
admitted
took
was wearing
had selected
has been caught
改被动语态
New types of computers have been produced
I have not been given some money
Some money has not been given to me
Have you been asked to help the little girl with her English
He has been made to work hard by his father
All of our time has been made use of
【语法精讲】
一、现在进行时态的被动语态
[观察思考]
①We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.
②I wonder what is being done to help you.
③Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.
④A project about protecting the natural resources is being designed.
⑤So good things are being done here to save local wildlife.
[归纳用法]
(一)形式
肯定式 主语＋be(am，is，are)＋being＋done
否定式 主语＋be(am，is，are)＋not＋being＋done
一般疑问式 be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋done
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋done
(二)用法
1．表示此刻正在进行的被动动作。
She is being examined by a doctor.
她正在接受医生的检查。
2．表示经常性的被动行为，常与always，constantly 等词连用。
He is always being praised by the teacher.
他总是被老师表扬。
3．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作在此时此刻不一定发生。
A new station is being built.
一个新的车站正在建设中。
4．与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
He may be being scolded by his father at the very moment.
此刻他也许正被他父亲责骂。
[注意事项]
1．“be＋in/on/under等＋名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
2．一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，如have，want，need，like，realize等，一般不用于进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。
3．不及物动词(短语)、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
二、现在完成时态的被动语态
[观察思考]
①He has been admitted to the club.
②Has his bike been repaired?
③Tom's novel has not been published.
④Over time he has been changed quite a lot.
⑤Who has been invited?
[归纳用法]
(一)形式
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done...
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
(二)用法
1．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.
这台机器已经被修两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
2．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till now，since等连用。
The room has already been cleaned.
这个房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已经不用打扫房间了)
3．用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。
You shouldn't leave school before your homework has been finished.
在完成作业之前你不应该离开学校。
[注意事项]
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was opened to the public last year.
去年这家公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去)
The park has been opened to the public.
这家公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经开放了)
2．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It is said that the problem has been looked into.
据说已经调查这个问题了。
3．非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。
The work was finished two weeks ago.
这项工作在两周前完成的。
The work has been finished.
这项工作已经完成。
4．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
We have built many houses in the past ten years.
→Many houses have been built in the past ten years.
5．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
I have told them to help you.
→They have been told to help you.
6．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We have given him the book.
→He has been given the book.
→The book has been given to him.
单元写作指导
倡议书是公开提倡某种做法，倡导某项活动，鼓动别人响应的一种信函文书。倡议书分为个人倡议书和集体倡议书两种。倡议书的结构为：标题、正文、署名和日期。高考一般只考查正文部分。
[基本框架]
倡议书的正文内容一般包括三部分：
第一部分：正文的开头。简明扼要地写出倡议的目的、意义和有关背景，让人们懂得“为什么”要去做所倡议的活动。只有了解了活动的目的、意义，人们才会自觉地行动起来。
第二部分：正文的主体。写倡议的主要内容和具体措施，即写“做什么”和“怎么做”。这是倡议书的核心部分。这部分最好用条款式分别列出，交代清楚，让响应者有所遵循，清楚要做什么和怎么去做，要写得明确、清晰。
第三部分：结尾。写倡议者的决心和希望。这部分要写得热情洋溢，富有鼓舞性，最好能提出一个能概括全文主旨的响亮、有力的口号，让响应者容易记住倡议的主要内容，并受到鼓舞。
[常用词块]
1．debate争论
2．concerning 有关的；关于
3．require 要求
4．volunteer 自愿，志愿
5．as far as sb.be concerned 就某人而言
6．spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力去做某事
7．call on 号召
8．make good use of 充分利用
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．In my opinion，we had better...
依我看，我们最好……
2．I think/suggest we should...
我认为/建议我们应该……
3．It is required that we...
根据要求，我们……
4．In order to...，I advise...
为了……，我建议……
★佳句正文
1．Do you cherish precious opportunities to volunteer in...?
你愿意珍惜宝贵的机会，自愿做……吗？
2．I'm calling for your active participation in...
我呼吁你积极参与……
3．Here is a great one not to be missed by any enthusiastic youth.
这儿有一个任何热血青年都不容错过的好机会。
4．I think we should follow the following advice.
我认为我们应该遵循以下建议。
★余味结尾
1．Let's join our hands and take action immediately.
让我们携起手来，立即采取行动。
2．It's time that we should do something to...
到了我们该做点什么来……的时候了。
3．Only in this way can we make a great success.
只有这样，我们才能取得巨大的成功。
4．In my opinion，we should be polite and spare no effort to do...
在我看来，我们应该有礼貌，不遗余力地去做……
[实战演练]
假定你校正在开展“根除陋习，创建文明校园”活动，请你以此为主题用英语写一篇80词左右的发言稿，向全校学生倡议：
根除：乱扔垃圾、浪费食物、吸烟……
提倡：讲礼貌、互助……
注意：开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear friends，
As is known to all，our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilized campus.
.
That's all.Thank you.
【参考范文】
Dear friends，
As is known to all，our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilized campus. But I've found lots of bad behaviour still exists in our school.This does great harm to the image of our school.
Therefore，I strongly urge that we students stop throwing rubbish and spitting everywhere.Besides，everyone mustn't waste food.Such bad manners as smoking and fighting should also be removed from our campus.Meanwhile，we should start with ourselves to perform good manners all the time and everywhere.We also promote the spirit of helping each other and healthy competition.Let's take action and contribute to making our school a nicer place.
That's all.Thank you.
单元语法讲练--现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态
【学前自测】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We can't use our classroom，for it (paint) now.
2．—I don't suppose the teacher knows who broke the vase.
—Well，surprisingly she does.Tom has been called and (question) now.
3．Kevin is happy because he (praise) by the teacher in class now.
4．No decision (make) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.
5．Great changes (take) place in my hometown since 2000.
6．When I reached the station，the tickets (sell) out.
7．The little boy has made rapid progress recently and (praise) several times by his teachers.
8．The question about where the factory is going to be built (discuss) now.
9．Over the past ten years，this town (hit) twice by earthquakes.
10．—Will the lecture be held at 4 o'clock this afternoon?
—No.It (put) off till tomorrow afternoon.
11．The plan to explore the South Pole (make) these days.
12．Every possible means (try) to stop the bad behaviour，but they don't work at all.
13．Because of bad scores，Jimmy may (beat) by his father at the very moment.
14．When you get the paper back，pay special attention to what (mark)．
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
A university student who recently 1. (charge) with stealing 2. (seek) professional help after being convicted of(证明有……罪) shoplifting for the second time in six months.
Luz，who 3. (live) with her partner in Fitzwdliam Road，Cambridge，4. (admit) stealing clothes worth 9.95 pounds from Lewis in Oxford Street，London，on March 9.
Philip Lomoyne，prosecuting(起诉)，said Luz selected some clothes from a display and 5. (take) them to the ladies' toilet in the store.When she came out again she 6. (wear) one of the skirts she 7. (select)，having taken off the anti?theft security alarm(安全防盗报警)．Recently she 8. (catch) and apologized for her actions.
Ⅲ.把下列句子变为被动语态
①This company has produced new types of computers.
→ .
②Mum has not given me some money when I came back to school.
→ when I came back to school.
→ when I came back to school.
③Has the little girl asked you to help her with her English?
→ ?
④His father has made him work hard.
→ .
⑤We have made use of all of our time.
→ .
参考答案：
单句语法填空
is being painted
is being questioned
is being praised
will be made
have taken
had been sold
has been praised
is being discussed
has been hit
has been put
is being made
has been tried
be being beaten
has been marked
课文语法填空
has been charged
is seeking
lives
admitted
took
was wearing
had selected
has been caught
改被动语态
New types of computers have been produced
I have not been given some money
Some money has not been given to me
Have you been asked to help the little girl with her English
He has been made to work hard by his father
All of our time has been made use of
【语法精讲】
一、现在进行时态的被动语态
[观察思考]
①We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.
②I wonder what is being done to help you.
③Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.
④A project about protecting the natural resources is being designed.
⑤So good things are being done here to save local wildlife.
[归纳用法]
(一)形式
肯定式 主语＋be(am，is，are)＋being＋done
否定式 主语＋be(am，is，are)＋not＋being＋done
一般疑问式 be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋done
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋done
(二)用法
1．表示此刻正在进行的被动动作。
She is being examined by a doctor.
她正在接受医生的检查。
2．表示经常性的被动行为，常与always，constantly 等词连用。
He is always being praised by the teacher.
他总是被老师表扬。
3．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作在此时此刻不一定发生。
A new station is being built.
一个新的车站正在建设中。
4．与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
He may be being scolded by his father at the very moment.
此刻他也许正被他父亲责骂。
[注意事项]
1．“be＋in/on/under等＋名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
2．一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，如have，want，need，like，realize等，一般不用于进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。
3．不及物动词(短语)、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
二、现在完成时态的被动语态
[观察思考]
①He has been admitted to the club.
②Has his bike been repaired?
③Tom's novel has not been published.
④Over time he has been changed quite a lot.
⑤Who has been invited?
[归纳用法]
(一)形式
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done...
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
(二)用法
1．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.
这台机器已经被修两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
2．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till now，since等连用。
The room has already been cleaned.
这个房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已经不用打扫房间了)
3．用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。
You shouldn't leave school before your homework has been finished.
在完成作业之前你不应该离开学校。
[注意事项]
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was opened to the public last year.
去年这家公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去)
The park has been opened to the public.
这家公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经开放了)
2．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It is said that the problem has been looked into.
据说已经调查这个问题了。
3．非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。
The work was finished two weeks ago.
这项工作在两周前完成的。
The work has been finished.
这项工作已经完成。
4．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
We have built many houses in the past ten years.
→Many houses have been built in the past ten years.
5．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
I have told them to help you.
→They have been told to help you.
6．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We have given him the book.
→He has been given the book.
→The book has been given to him.
单元写作指导
倡议书是公开提倡某种做法，倡导某项活动，鼓动别人响应的一种信函文书。倡议书分为个人倡议书和集体倡议书两种。倡议书的结构为：标题、正文、署名和日期。高考一般只考查正文部分。
[基本框架]
倡议书的正文内容一般包括三部分：
第一部分：正文的开头。简明扼要地写出倡议的目的、意义和有关背景，让人们懂得“为什么”要去做所倡议的活动。只有了解了活动的目的、意义，人们才会自觉地行动起来。
第二部分：正文的主体。写倡议的主要内容和具体措施，即写“做什么”和“怎么做”。这是倡议书的核心部分。这部分最好用条款式分别列出，交代清楚，让响应者有所遵循，清楚要做什么和怎么去做，要写得明确、清晰。
第三部分：结尾。写倡议者的决心和希望。这部分要写得热情洋溢，富有鼓舞性，最好能提出一个能概括全文主旨的响亮、有力的口号，让响应者容易记住倡议的主要内容，并受到鼓舞。
[常用词块]
1．debate争论
2．concerning 有关的；关于
3．require 要求
4．volunteer 自愿，志愿
5．as far as sb.be concerned 就某人而言
6．spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力去做某事
7．call on 号召
8．make good use of 充分利用
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．In my opinion，we had better...
依我看，我们最好……
2．I think/suggest we should...
我认为/建议我们应该……
3．It is required that we...
根据要求，我们……
4．In order to...，I advise...
为了……，我建议……
★佳句正文
1．Do you cherish precious opportunities to volunteer in...?
你愿意珍惜宝贵的机会，自愿做……吗？
2．I'm calling for your active participation in...
我呼吁你积极参与……
3．Here is a great one not to be missed by any enthusiastic youth.
这儿有一个任何热血青年都不容错过的好机会。
4．I think we should follow the following advice.
我认为我们应该遵循以下建议。
★余味结尾
1．Let's join our hands and take action immediately.
让我们携起手来，立即采取行动。
2．It's time that we should do something to...
到了我们该做点什么来……的时候了。
3．Only in this way can we make a great success.
只有这样，我们才能取得巨大的成功。
4．In my opinion，we should be polite and spare no effort to do...
在我看来，我们应该有礼貌，不遗余力地去做……
[实战演练]
假定你校正在开展“根除陋习，创建文明校园”活动，请你以此为主题用英语写一篇80词左右的发言稿，向全校学生倡议：
根除：乱扔垃圾、浪费食物、吸烟……
提倡：讲礼貌、互助……
注意：开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear friends，
As is known to all，our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilized campus.
.
That's all.Thank you.
【参考范文】
Dear friends，
As is known to all，our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilized campus. But I've found lots of bad behaviour still exists in our school.This does great harm to the image of our school.
Therefore，I strongly urge that we students stop throwing rubbish and spitting everywhere.Besides，everyone mustn't waste food.Such bad manners as smoking and fighting should also be removed from our campus.Meanwhile，we should start with ourselves to perform good manners all the time and everywhere.We also promote the spirit of helping each other and healthy competition.Let's take action and contribute to making our school a nicer place.
That's all.Thank you.